Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
During the late Byzantine period the extended landed property of the Mount Athos monasteries and Saint John's of Patmos dominates on Lemnos. The property of each one is organized in productive units (estates) of agricultural and animal husbandry product, that are named metochia, and constitute the main source of supply for monastic foundations on Mount Athos and Patmos; first with the essential for the service of daily needs, while additionally contribute to their wider economic expansion via the sale, mainly, of the production surplus in the empire's commercial centres, but also with other ways. The above information is provided by the documents kept in the extensive monastic archives of the late Byzantine period. The monastic landed property on Lemnos was exploited by depended farmers of two categories, proskathemenoi, who did not usually own any assets and did not possibly come from the region, and paroikoi, who had the essential ad vantage of holding cultivable land and paid tax for their lot. Main cereal products were the wheat (Triticum dururn) and less the barley. In the same time, viticulture for wine production was very common and profitable. Great parts of metochia, mainly unsuitable for cultivation, were used for sheep and goat husbandry. Information on the produced quantities is not provided by the monastic documents, while the lack of evidence is successfully covered by the early ottoman Tapu-Tahrir Defter #25 for Lemnos dated 1490, very close to the period we study. Finally, the income of monasteries was supplemented with extensive tax exemption and other permissions or benefits granted by the state for each metochion.
2017 •
Monastic estates have been, since the very beginning of the monasticism itself, a key function for both its existence and its interpretation as well. Considered as an extension of the monastic vital space, an estate could have a complicated character, mostly based on its particular type. Major rural estates turned to great pilgrimages, evolving from an actual economic unit to a religious and cultural center of an entire area in the countryside. The estates of the Athonic monasteries became the massive productive space of Athos, outside its mountainous peninsula. Their importance and glamour followed those of the great Athonic institutions themselves, which had an important role to play in the Byzantine society, not only in financial or religious terms. The framework and the particular conditions under which those estates functioned, are of great importance towards interpreting and undrstanding not only the phenomenon of monasticism itself but also an entire era. What is really needed is an interdisciplinary approach, taking into account the interaction of many factors, such as the historical background, the acquisition ways and the legal status of those estates, the economic practices and perspectives, the interrelation with space and many more. The aim of the presentation is to give an overal view of the phenomenon, mostly in terms of History and Geography, trying to shed light to its framework, during the Byzantine era.
2019 •
Proceedings of American Research Center in Sofia International Conference: "Town and Country in Byzantine World"
Holy Corporations: Participation of Great Provincial Monasteries in Urban Economy during the Late Byzantine Period, ARCS CONFERENCE: TOWN AND COUNTRY IN THE BYZANTINE WORLD: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES, MAY 7-8, 2015The Journal of Juristic Papyrology
The Economy of Syrian Monasteries2020 •
The economic aspects of the monastic communities of Syria and Northern Mesopotamia have not previously received much scholarly interest. 1 This is * The present study has been written as part of the project Monks and Monastic Communities in the Eastern Mediterranean (4th-8th c.), a Maestro 7 grant financed by the National Science Centre of Poland (2015/18/A/HS3/00485). 1 M. G. Morony, Iraq after the Muslim Conquest, Princeton 1984 (repr. 2005), a pivotal book for the history of the region, contains one chapter on administration and taxes, but none on the economy. In Money, Power and Politics in Early Islamic Syria. A Review of Current Debates, J. Haldon (ed.), Farnham 2010, most of the chapters focus on the minting of coinage and the monetary activity. Other economic activities are not delved into to any great extent. The most important works for this article have been: C. J. Villagomez, The Fields, Flocks, and Finances of Monks: Economic Life at Nestorian Monasteries, 500-850, Los Angeles 1998, but the research (done, notabene, by Morony's student) remains as an unpublished dissertation at the University of California, although the author summarised it in two articles. Despite the title suggesting a synthetic approach to the economy of monasteries of the Church of the East, it is a study of one monastery, Beth ʽAbe; although the monastery is presented in the context of others establishments, the latter are discussed only superficially. Another book: A. Palmer, Monk and Mason on the Tigris Frontier. The Early History of Tur 'Abdin, Cambridge 1990, is also primarily a study of one (very important) monastery, namely the monastery of Mar Gabriel in Qartamin. I have made recourse to both works extensively in this article. Finally, it is appro
Mediterranean World 地中海論集
Monastic Property and the Imperial Taxation System - As Seen in Iviron Documents2008 •
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.
HARDWARI PUBLICATIONS, ALLAHABAD/PRAYAGRAJ (INDIA)
Notes on Differentiable Manifolds2023 •
Resty Nabaggala, Undergraduate research
ELECTRONIC BANKING ADOPTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS A CASE STUDY OF CENTENARY BANK, MBARARA BRANCH2021 •
Land Use. Handbook of the Anthropocene in Latin America
Land Use in Mesoamerica from 1950 to the Present. Environmental Violence and Land Appropiation2024 •
2016 •
Fieldwork and the Self: Changing Research Styles in Southeast Asia
Betwixt and Between Generational, Areal and Digital Divides: Studying Vietnam and Southeast Asia as a Generation X Sinologist in the Age of Globalisation and the Digital Revolution2021 •
2022 •
Food Quality and Preference
Expectations and the food industry: the impact of color and appearance. John B. Hutchings; Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, ISBN: 0-306-47291-02004 •
Zeitschrift Fur Physik C-Particles and Fields
Determination of vertical bar V-cb vertical bar from the semileptonic decay B-0->D*(-)l(+)nu1996 •
2010 •
Journal of Pain Research
<p>Analgesic Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block Compared with Intrathecal Morphine After Elective Cesarean Section: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study</p>2020 •
VNU JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
Sự sẵn lòng chi trả của hộ gia đình ở thành thị đối với sản phẩm hữu cơ: Trường hợp cam hữu cơ tại thành phố Long XuyênIEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
Distributed Optimization for Nonrigid Nano-Tomography2021 •