Smart Factory

The research reported in this paper explores the impact of digital transformation as a disruptive innovation on manufacturing SMEs. The research is based on a qualitative Delphi study encompassing 49 experts from eleven EU countries. The paper aims to demonstrate how disruptive innovations affect organizational changes and determine critical factors in organizations that impact the initiating and promoting R&D of disruptive innovation. We discovered that disruptive innovations impact product/process development methods, new production concepts, new materials for products, and new organization plans. Additionally, we identified organizational changes related to the development and use of disruptive innovations in the future. We also indicate how disruptive innovations influence social and technological changes in the organizational environment. The analysis also disclosed three main groups of disruptive innovations and their impact on future smart factory development, namely the following: technological changes, the emergence of innovative products, business models and solutions and organizational culture as one of the crucial key success factors. The analysis also examined the enablers of the successful development/introduction of disruptive innovations, wherein internal and external factors were determined. Additionally, we presented obstacles and the approaches necessary to mitigate them. We can conclude from the findings that in the timeframe of 5–10 years, only the SME that uses/develops disruptive innovations will survive in the market. However, the companies do not always have a clear idea of the meaning of disruptive innovations. Therefore, it is important to set clear goals regarding the achievement of disruptive innovations in companies. It is also necessary to creatively apply presented instruments enabling improvement of organizational changes and apply some additional concepts, which we have suggested.

— Industry 4.0 is the recent move into intelligent technology automation. In this new era the use of modern skills of Additive Manufacturing within the context of information technology integration plays an important role in industrial economic competitiveness. This short review provides a basic understanding of the role of 3DP technology in the Industry 4.0. As can be seen, there's no doubt that 3DP technologies are leading to the next major industrial revolution. Due its versatility the Additive Manufacturing plays a key-role in the Industry 4.0, saving time and costs, being decisive for process efficiency and reducing its complexity, allowing for rapid prototyping and highly decentralized production processes. Currently, more and more industrial segments are adopting AM. The smart factories of the future have all processes interconnected by the Internet of Things, incorporating greater flexibility and individualization of manufacturing processes.

Sažetak: U novom realnom svetu sve postaje digitalno i pametno (smart): digitalni gradovi, pametne fabrike, pametne kuće, pametni automobili, pametni telefoni itd. Pametne fabrike predstavljaju novu proizvodnu filozofiju nazvanu Industrija 4.0 (četvrta industrijska revolucija). To je nova generacija digitalizovanih fabrika koje su zasnovane na kombinaciji sajber-fizičkih sistema (CPS) i digitalnih tehnologija, za obezbeđenje integralnog i inteligentnog sadejstvo procesa proizvodnje, u kojoj se povezuju fizički, digitalni i virtuelni svet. U radu je dat pregled sistema i tehnologija u novim pametnim fabrikama (Industriji 4.0). Ključne reči: Industrija 4.0, pametna fabrika, sajber-fizički sistem (CPS). Abstract: In the new real world everything becomes digital and smart: digital cities, smart factories, smart homes, smart cars, smartphones, etc. Smart factories represent a new manufacturing philosophy called Industry 4.0 (the fourth industrial revolution). It is a new generation of digitized factories that are based on a combination of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and digital technologies, to provide an integrated and intelligent synergy in production process, linking the physical, digital and virtual world. This paper provides an overview of systems and technologies in new smart factories (Industry 4.0). Promene u dinamici razvoja društva tokom vremena dovode do sve bržih promena i razvoja različitih koncepcija naučno-tehnološkog progresa. U dosadašnjem razvoju društva, odn. naučno-tehnološkom progresu, primena znanja na različita područja ljudske delatnosti dovela su do revolucionarnih promena. Razlikuju se četiri koncepcije u razvoju društva, počev od poljoprivrednog društva, preko industrijskog do informatičkog i društva znanja. U novom društvu glavni proizvod je znanje. Otuda i ona poznata izreka "Znanje je moć". Da bi zemlja imala uspeh i da bi proizvodila u budućnosti u novom društvu znanja ona mora da transformiše proizvodnju od delatnosti zasnovane na radnoj snazi u delatnost koja je zasnovana na znanju, pa samim tim i na savremene softverske tehnologije i sistemime i pametne fabrike (zasnovane na znanju i clod-u).

This paper presents the design and development of an integrated real-time monitoring and control system for an electroplating plant. The system uses ZigBee–based wireless communications technology to facilitate short range monitoring and control of process parameters at plant level whilst embedding cloud computing facilities and IoT-based technology to enable real-time responses to process disturbances from anywhere anytime, realising the potential for real time process monitoring and product quality management in an electroplating plant. The paper explains in detail the implementation of a component of the system that monitors and maintains the process solution temperature.

Industry 4.0 has significantly changed production systems through processes, design, operations and services. This chapter discusses the fundamental changes in the organisational processes in one of the most relevant results of Industry 4.0: the smart factory. TPV Ltd is the subject of the case study; in addition to its core business, the firm is focused on R&D technologies for smart factories. The purpose of the study was to go beyond solely the industry view of Industry 4.0 and explore other aspects. In addition, the authors of this paper attempt to explain the fundamental importance of computerisation, digitalisation, and informatisation and to highlight the importance of the awareness of change in businesses across the time and its influence on their ecosystems.

Digital transformation efforts in manufacturing companies bear the potential to reduce product costs and increase the flexibility of production systems. The semantic integration of data and information along the value chain enables the automated interpretation of interrelations between its different aspects such as product design, production process and manufacturing resources. These interrelations can be used to automatically generate semantic process descriptions and execute corresponding robot motions. An initial one-time effort to model the required knowledge of a particular application domain can make the manufacturing of high-variant products in small batches or even lot size one production more efficient. This paper introduces a knowledge-based digital engineering concept to automate engineering and production activities without human involvement. The concept was integrated and evaluated in a physical robot workcell where automotive fuse boxes are autonomously fitted with different fuse configurations.