Indian Banking Sector

The aim of the paper is to analyze the measures taken by the government of India to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection among the population, as well as to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the activities of companies and enterprises and to prevent a socio-economic crisis. The main shortcomings and positive results achieved by the government of India, state and city administrations in the fight against COVID-19 are identified using bibliographic and comparative analysis methods and taking into account the historical context. The authors conclude that the existing “Epidemic Diseases Act,” 1897, which is applied as the main normative act regulating the epidemiological situation in the country, does not take into account all the factors and conditions of the spread of infectious diseases in the modern world and does not reflect the reality in terms of effective response to the outbreak of coronavirus disease.

In this paper, we made a comparison about the efficiency of Turkish and Azerbaijani banks. Within this scope, we analyzed 10 biggest banks of both countries regarding asset size. Furthermore, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used for the data between 2010 and 2014 in this study. As a result of analyzing 5 inputs and 3 outputs, it was determined that Turkish banks are more efficient than Azerbaijani banks. Out of 10 Turkish banks, only Türkiye Ekonomi Bankası was not efficient in 2011 whereas other banks were efficient for all years. On the other hand, it was defined that only 4 Azerbaijani banks were efficient for all years whereas other 6 banks were not efficient for some years during this period.

This paper presents the latest evidence for monetary policy transmission in the form of interest rate pass through, from the perspective of the bank lending channel. With the help of the co-integration and error correction mechanism, it has been observed that there is partial pass through to commercial bank lending rates in the Indian Economy. Even the appointment of the Monetary Policy Committee has not yielded any significant results.

The banking industry in India shouldn't only be hassle-free but it should be ready to meet the new challenges posed by the technology and the other external and internal factors. For the past three decades, India's banking industry has several outstanding achievements to its credit. The Banks are the most participants of the economic system in India. The Banking sector renders so many facilities and opportunities to their customers. In the Indian Banking scenario, a large expansion is taking place particularly in the private sector banks. Expansion is taking place in multiple moves; one is physical expansion; distribution, increased number of branches, automated teller machine (ATM), and network. But importantly, there is another expansion which is taking place is that the product in the service range of the private sector banks is becoming bigger, more complex and more relevant to the dynamic economy in which we are today. This study mainly focuses on the employees' beh...

Purpose – The main purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework that explains the influence of Customer Relationship Strategy on the customer satisfaction and loyalty of Malaysia Banks.Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts qualitative method of reviewing related literatures.Findings – Evidences from the extant literatures have suggested that effective implementations of the five dimensions of CRM (Customer Orientation, CRM Organization, Knowledge Management, Technology Based CRM and Customer Involvement) will positively affect customer satisfaction and lead to loyalty within the banking industry.Research limitations/implications – The major limitation of this work is that it is qualitative and thereby requires empirical data to support the model that is presented. Practical implications – This paper practically suggests that for banks to gain satisfaction and loyalty of their customers, they must monitor level of customer trust through proper integration of C...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate significant macroeconomic and bank-specific determinants of non-performing assets (NPAs) in the Indian banking sector, based on data for a period of more than two decades (1997 to 2017). For the objective in hand, step-up confluence analysis is applied to panel data, with both fixed effects and random effects modelling; the latter has an advantage over the former, based on Hausman's test. Findings of the study reveal that the significant macroeconomic variables explaining the NPAs include GDP growth rate, external debt, and FDI inflows. Furthermore, bank level determinants, viz. revenue efficiency, return on assets, and return on equity, indicate that better the quality of management, lower the NPAs. The findings of the study have far-reaching implications for banking regulation and policy, as efficiency and performance measures can be the paramount indicators for future management of NPAs. Moreover, the statistically significant macroeconomic variables can manage the effect of economic turbulences on the health of the Indian banking system.

There are several reasons that exhibitors participate in tradeshows. The purpose of this study is to examine the role social value has on the satisfaction level of exhibitors while increasing their willingness to pay and return intentions. This study also aims to examine the effects ...

This study aims to undertake an evaluation and examination of the productivity change of the Egyptian banking sector, using a novel data set which covers 14 banks operating in the Egyptian market from 1997 to 2013. We use a non-parametric approach Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based analysis to investigate the productivity change in the Egyptian banking sector. Input-oriented Malmquist indices of productivity change are estimated with DEA to measure total factor productivity (TFP) change. The TFP changes are decomposed into the product of technological change and technical efficiency change (catch up). In the second stage, potential determinants of productivity change are studied using a regression model. We find that the Egyptian banking sector as a whole shows a productivity regress of 0.9 per cent per year, which is mainly due to the technological improvements. The estimated regression model identifies some variables which significantly influence the productivity of banks in Eg...

With the introduction of international norms for income recognition, asset classification and provisioning in the banking sector, managing NPAs has emerged as one of the major challenges facing Indian banks .Non-performing assets constitute a major portfolio of the Banks portfolio and hence are an inevitable burden on the banking industry. NPAs adversely affect the profitability, liquidity and solvency of the banks. This paper analyses the position and trend of NPAs in the Indian Banking scenario and the impact of macroeconomic variables on the Non Performing Assets over the years. The paper also analyses the various recovery channels that the bank has opted in the past. The data has been analysed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, ttest, F-test, Regression analysis and trend analysis. Microsoft Excel’s Data Analysis Tool Pack has been used for the analysis. Through this study we infer that private banks and foreign banks have advantages in terms of their efficiencies in bette...

Banks are the vital financial intermediaries in disbursing credit to deficit units. Their ineffective performance hinders the efficient functioning of an economy. Thus, the present research investigates the effect of non-performing assets (NPAs) on banks' performance in India. The slowdown in the Indian banking sector has led to subdued growth in the Asian banking sector. The study covers 64 Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) from 2008-2018. The findings suggest that NPAs have been significantly eroding the performance of SCBs in India. It signifies that an increase in NPAs deteriorates banks' profit margins and increases provisioning requirements. This decline further reduces depositors' and investors' confidence in banks. Thus, policymakers need to ensure the efficient management of bad loans. Moreover, the study found the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and net interest margins (NIM) to be positively related in the case of public and private sector banks. This relationship may be due to further tightening of the capital requirements under Basel III norms.

This COVID-19 pandemic has a colossal impact on individuals as well as society. The discipline of health economics has grown significantly in recent years and new methodologies and techniques have been developed to evaluate the economic burden of the diseases. Amid the lockdown, scarce resources and increasing medical costs have highlighted the need to quantify the burden of COVID-19 on the healthcare system and thus the present study tried to make accurate economic assessments of the impact of this disease. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented shock to the economies globally. With the prolonged nation-wide lockdown, global economic downturn, and imbalances of demand and supply sides, the global economy is facing an extended period of slowdown, which is likely to be existing for a while now. The magnitude of the economic impact will depend upon the duration and severity of this global health crisis and the manner in which the situation unfolds once the economy s...

This paper basically related with role and trends of ICT in education sector like primary, elementary, secondary and higher education. The main purpose of ICT is to develop human mental resources, which allow people apply the existing knowledge and produce new knowledge. This paper examined the historical perspective of ICT and uses of computer and its relevance to teaching and learning. in Indian education system. The need for computer education and its objectives in all education level persistently from primary education to higher education. ICT plays a significance role in the development of all sectors like, economy, education and health also. There are certain challenge comes in the way of ICT development. Paper also describes the importance of ICT in inclusive education or for the children with special needs

This study examined the factor structure of the 22-item Customer Orientation (Organizational Climate) scale developed by Kelley (1992). The scale was administered in a sample of Australian public sector service organization employees (n = 259). Exploratory factor analysis provided evidence that the scale is multidimensional, although a number of items in the 22-item scale cross-loaded on two factors. Removal of eight items resulted in a 14-item two-factor scale with all items loading cleanly on a single factor. The first factor related to aspects of competence which allow an employee to perform at a satisfactory level, while the second factor concerned elements of the environment in which the service is performed. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure. Reliability analyses of the two derived sub-scales indicated very good internal consistency. Convergent validity was high for both factors, but evidence of discriminant validity was not conclusive.

In a bank led economy, the concern for effective management of non-performing assets (NPAs) in the Indian banking sector is relevant. The most commonly used indicators for assessing the performance of banks, have been Gross NPA (GNPA) and Net NPA (NNPA) ratios. But the techniques adopted by banks for NPA reduction vary widely and play a significant role in the improvement of quality of NPA management of banks. After an in-depth analysis of various factors affecting NPA management in banks, this paper makes an attempt to compare the performance of Indian banks with respect to various aspects of NPA management, by developing an index which will enable one to have a clear understanding of the bank's performance vis-à-vis its peers. By constructing this index, the study revealed that, though the economic downturn was faced by all banks, deterioration in asset quality and poor NPA management was not reflected across all bank groups and PSBs share a disproportionate and increasing bur...

The rules of work are changing increasingly. The increasing complexities both in business as well as in human behavior have created the need for not only people with high Intelligent Quotient (IQ) but people with high Emotional Quotient (EQ) also. In the present era where the slogan “Customer is the King” prevails in every organization the emotionally imbalanced employees may find it hard to achieve their targets or deliver their reports on time. The way a person feels affects the way he behaves and the way he behaves will not only have the relationship with his achievements, but also affects the performance of those around him. Keeping this in view, the present paper is an attempt to unveil the perception of bank employees towards emotional quotient, factors affecting their emotional intelligence and its effect on their performance.

Covid-19 is a natural catastrophe and it made people to remain contactless. To curtail the spread of the virus, our government has imposed a lockdown on the entire territory of our country, by which total productivity halts in our country and thereby income generation ceases. At this juncture, the pandemic period has thrown a major challenge to the Indian banking sector. Covid-19 pandemic has given a big blow to the entire country and brought our country's economic wheel to halt. Union Government has initiated regulatory measures for controlling the pandemic and as well as bringing economic relief measures to rescue the industries and its citizens, same way RBI has announced certain policies to provide immediate relief to banks and customers. Objectives: 1. To analyze the challenges faced by the banks during the COVID-19 crisis. 2. To study the measures implemented by regulatory bodies to handle the COVID-19 crisis. 3. To study the opportunities derived from the COVID-19 crisis.

Abstract: Purpose: Present paper aims to analyse the comparative financial performance of select public and private sector banks in India.<br> Design/methodology/approach: To analyze the financial performance, researchers have selected seven key financial ratios viz.<br> Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Financial Return, Financial Cost, Financial Margin, Net Margin, and Operating Profit Margin.<br> And Paired t-test has been calculated to know if there is any difference in the ratios between both the sectors.<br> Findings: The study finds that the private sector banks are performing better than the public sector banks as their average financial<br> ratios are better than public sector banks during the study period.<br> Originality/values: Researchers have selected ten public and ten private sector banks in India for the study and required data have<br> been collected from annual reports of each bank for a period of five years, from 2015 t...

A person who can't pay gets another person who can't pay to guarantee that he can pay. Like a person with two wooden legs getting another person with two wooden legs to guarantee that he has got two natural legs. It don't make either of them able to do a walking-match."-Charles Dickens

Mending the deteriorating state of the world economy caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 is the biggest challenge in the new millennium. The shocking effects of the pandemic have not only affected the socio-cultural lives of the people but have also stunned the economies across the world. The world economy is passing through great uncertainty in this pandemic situation. Economists predict that the economic impact of the pandemic could be worse than the world economic crisis of 1930. Indian economy is also not beyond the sphere of COVID -19. This pandemic has impacted all sectors of the Indian economy, whether it is primary or secondary or tertiary or even Quaternary. No part of the vital segments of the Indian economy such as trade, production, demand, tourism and business travel, investment, and investor sentiment has been spared from its harsh effects. Undoubtedly, COVID-19 has severely affected the Indian economy, but how profound was the impact of COVID-19 on the Indian economy? ...

The goal of this preface is to describe how the special section on customer relationship management (CRM) was developed. In May 2003, Richard Staelin, Executive Director of the Teradata Center for Customer Relationship Management at Duke University, proposed that Journal of Marketing ( JM) publish a special section. The proposal included activities that were designed to promote interactions among marketing academics and practitioners; the goal was to stimulate dialogue and new research on CRM. I found the proposal attractive because CRM is a broad-based topic that interests many marketers. After extensive discussion, the American Marketing Association (AMA) and the Teradata Center formally agreed to cosponsor the special section. Subsequently, there was a conference on Relationship Marketing and Customer Relationship Management (cochaired by Michael Ehret, Wesley Johnston, Michael Kleinaltenkamp, and Lou Pelton) that took place at Freie Universität Berlin in the summer of 2003; 1 a ...

Background-The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global economy from its starting. Indian economy is also affected by the pandemic and experienced a lot of economic damages. India has become the global hotspot of COVID-19 during the second wave of the pandemic and recorded the second-highest position in terms of positivity rate after China. The present study attempts to analyze the economic issues that emerged in the first and second waves of the pandemic in India. Method/Approach-There is no econometric tools or analytical models used in the present study. This study attempts to evaluate the two research questions which are formed on the basis of some previous studies by various organizations and researchers. The research questions are as follow, First, what are the sectors those are primarily affected at the time of the first COVID-19 outbreak? Second, which economic issues and impacts emerged in the second wave of the pandemic? Results/ Findings-From the study, it is...

The Indian banking system consist of 27 Public Sector Banks, 22 Private Sector Banks, 44 Foreign Banks, 56 Regional Rural Banks,<br> 1589 Urban Co-operative Banks and 93550 Rural Co-operative Banks. Indian Banking Industry has innovative banking models for payments and receipts. But the Indian banking industry has to be <br> restructured to suit the needs of large number of people. The bank re-capitalization plan initiated by Government of India may increase credit growth in the Financial year 2019. The Government and Regulator have taken various steps to strengthen banking sector like two year plan to strengthen the public sector banks through reforms and capital infusion of Rs. 2.11 Crore by Government of India and the insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Ordinance 2017.

This research paper mainly focusses on the scope of payment banks in India, a latest initiative taken up by the Reserve Bank of India and the Government of India. Non-inclusion of the banking sector in rural India is one of the major challenges faced by the Indian economy, today. Payment banks are also being set up to focus on high volume but low value transactions by low income households and small businesses. The aim of this research paper is to study the viability of payment banks and the opportunities and challenges of this new initiative. In this report, we shall try to evaluate the perceptions of the people as regards to payment banks and draw some conclusions for the same using qualitative as well as quantitative analysis. Keywords: Customer penetration, Infrastructure, Popularity, Technology Requirement, Wealth of Company, Business Correspondence.

CSR development has accumulated tremendous dynamism over the past number of years and is presently viewed as the most discussed topics by the government, non-government and business itself. This paper inspects people’s comprehension, desires and appraisal of the corporate social obligation (CSR) of HSBC Bank. This study has been conducted among the stakeholders and beneficiaries of the HSBC Bank. Reviews have been directed utilizing organized polls to fundamentally analyze the subjective impression of the significance, reasons and different parts of CSR errands of HSBC. This study proposes that a more exhaustive and others conscious association of the regular individuals in the CSR exercises is required, which would not just satisfy the expected objectives and targets of the corporate associations additionally guarantee a fruitful and sustainable advancement of the society.

Banks play an important role in the economic development of a country. They are the lifeblood of modern commerce and have control over a large part of money supply. A bank is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels them into lending activities. It plays a vital role in the marketing of new type of deposits and advances schemes. The operational efficiency, service quality and managerial effectiveness are the main areas to observe the performance of a bank. The financial performance of a bank can be measured as the achievement of the bank in terms of profitability position, service quality, customer satisfaction and other relevant aspects. The profitability of a bank denotes the efficiency with which a bank deploys its total resources to optimize its net profits and thus serve as an index to the degree of asset utilization and managerial effectiveness. At present, the Indian banking system faces a number of difficult challenges. In such a scenario, the present stud...

The rules of work are changing increasingly. The increasing complexities both in business as well as in human behavior have created the need for not only people with high Intelligent Quotient (IQ) but people with high Emotional Quotient (EQ) also. In the present era where the slogan “Customer is the King” prevails in every organization the emotionally imbalanced employees may find it hard to achieve their targets or deliver their reports on time. The way a person feels affects the way he behaves and the way he behaves will not only have the relationship with his achievements, but also affects the performance of those around him. Keeping this in view, the present paper is an attempt to unveil the perception of bank employees towards emotional quotient, factors affecting their emotional intelligence and its effect on their performance.

It has been more than a year and a half since the COVID-19 pandemic penetrated the deepest
core of human civilization and made us realize the power of Mother Nature. In India, after
the first wave, we thought that we had gained control of the situation but the second wave
found us wanting basic necessities such as oxygen and medical supplies. It might appear
that the second wave was on its way out with daily cases coming down to under 40,000 from
the peaks of nearly 4 lakh cases, but we have lost over 4.0 lakh precious lives to COVID-19
already. With the hope that the situation will significantly improve on the medical side, it is
time to assess the impact of the second wave on macroeconomics.

This paper explores an empirical approach to the analysis of Non Performance Assets NPAs of public, private, and foreign sector banks in India. the NPAs are considered as an important parameter to judge the performance and financial health of banks. The level of NPAs is one of the drivers of financial stability and growth of the banking sector. This paper aims to find the fundamental factors which impact NPAs of banks. A model consisting oftivo types of factors, viz., macroeco nomie factors and bank specific parameters, is developed arid the behavior of NPAs of the three categories of banks is observed. The empirical analysis assesses how macroeconomic factors and bank specific parameters affect NPAs of a particular category of banks. The results show that movement in NPAs over the years can be explained well by the factors considered in the model for the public and private sector banks. The other important results derived from the analysis include the finding that banks exposure to...

Article history: Received November 6, 2020 Received in revised format January, 25, 2021 Accepted March 8 2021 Available online March 8 2021 The relationship between the organization and its clients is the life of every enterprise, whether it is a multinational corporation of several billion employees and a multi-million-deposit business or sole traders with a handful of daily customers. The relationship between the organization and its traditions is the key concern. Between these two cases, consumer relationship management (CRM) is the same in theory and may differ significantly. Both the company and consumers have some factors to meet, such as the desires and expectations of all sides, before forming a contract. We need to earn a profit to succeed and to improve clients expect excellent support, better goods and reasonable pricing. The implementation of a CRM program will impact consumer service and customer knowledge for various purposes. Likewise, adopting a CRM strategy would de...

In this study, the objective is to measure the total factor productivity and the changes in the components of the total factor productivity of the banks between 2004-2009 period. By the virtue of these measurements, we will be able to determine the production efficiency of ...

The banking industry is shifting from old traditional banking systems to virtual banking around the world. As it is moving towards online, the issues related to it are also increasing. Most common issues faced by e-banking around the globe are security, fraud, customer awareness, trust, risk, privacy, phishing attacks and government laws. The objective of this study is to highlight the issues faced by e-banking in developing countries like Pakistan. For this purpose, five national banks were selected. Interviews and discussions with the senior managers were conducted and transcribed. The critical issues identified were mostly related to security, regulatory and reversal of wrong transaction. Lack of awareness and knowledge about technical systems are also found as the major concerns of the senior management of these banks. The findings of this research will help the senior management to successfully develop proactive strategies for e-banking in Pakistan.

This paper analyzes some critical issues of consolidation in Indian banking with particular emphasis on the views of two important stake-holders viz. shareholders and managers. First we review the trends in consolidation in global and Indian banking. Then to ascertain the shareholders‟ views, we conduct an event study analysis of bank stock returns which reveals that in the case of forced mergers, neither the bidder nor the target banks‟ shareholders have benefited. But in the case of voluntary mergers, the bidder banks‟ shareholders have gained more than those of the target banks. In spite of absence of any gains to shareholders of bidder banks, a survey of bank managers strongly favours mergers and identifies the critical issues in a successful merger as the valuation of loan portfolio, integration of IT platforms, and issues of human resource management. Finally we support the view of the need for large banks by arguing that imminent challenges to banks such as those posed by ful...