Center of Gravity

Ο Καρλ Φον Κλαούζεβιτς είναι αδιαμφισβήτητα ο θεωρητικός του πολέμου ο οποίος, περισσότερο από οποιονδήποτε άλλο, επηρέασε τη σκέψη τόσο των συγχρόνων όσο και των νεωτέρων του θεωρητικών της πολεμικής τέχνης. Ο Κλαούζεβιτς ανέπτυξε τη θεωρία του στο μοναδικό του έργο με τον τίτλο On War, το οποίο ο ίδιος χαρακτήρισε ημιτελές και το οποίο εξέδωσε η σύζυγός του το 1932 μετά το θάνατό του. Ο Peter Paret το θεωρεί μακράν το έργο με τη μεγαλύτερη επιρροή σε θέματα στρατιωτικής τέχνης, το οποίο έχει γραφεί ποτέ. Πάνω από εκατόν εβδομήντα χρόνια μετά το θάνατο του συγγραφέα του, εξακολουθεί να μελετάται σε σχεδόν κάθε Σχολή Διοίκησης και Επιτελών και Σχολή Πολέμου του πάλαι ποτέ Δυτικού κόσμου, και όχι μόνο. Παρόλα αυτά το βιβλίο είναι δυσανάγνωστο. Ο στρατηγός George Patton, μελετητής ο ίδιος του Κλαούζεβιτς, έλεγε: “Αυτό το βιβλίο δεν είναι δυνατόν να γίνει κατανοητό με την πρώτη ανάγνωση. Ορισμένα μέρη του είναι δυσνόητα και επιδέχονται περισσότερες από μία ερμηνείες, ενώ άλλα απαιτούν συγκέντρωση, επαναληπτική ανάγνωση και ανάλυση σε αίθουσα διδασκαλίας”.

Dynamic stability of vehicles is a major concern to vehicle manufacturers, as this determines how safe a vehicle will be on the road, to passengers and other road users. The location of centre of gravity (CG) on a vehicle determines its stability. The objective of this work is to evaluate the dynamic stability of a modeled cargo tricycle. The mass Properties capability of the SolidWorks software was used to determine the CG location on the tricycle. Result shows that the model will response to side load with a yaw motion and it’s an oversteer vehicle. Therefore it is unstable at high speed above its critical speed. The rollover threshold (Fc) for the tricycle model is 0.32g.

The article asks the question, Is the Center of Gravity (CoG) concept still relevant in today’s Operational Environment (OE)? It explores the two main schools of thought that argue irrelevancy: unsettled theory and the technological, and philosophical differences between the 18th and 21st centuries. Then the article rebuts the arguments by demonstrating the concept’s utility to planning and its timeless applicability that is independent of shifting philosophical thought.

The Clausewitzian Center of Gravity (COG) concept is central in western military strategic thinking and serves as a core concept in military planning.  However, several interpretations of the concept exist, which contributes to theoretical as well as practical confusion.  Moreover, the concept receives critique such as “it is so abstract to be meaningless,” “it fails to provide convincing evidence for its use at the strategic level of war,” “there is a lack of interdisciplinary awareness,” it is an analogy tailored to Prussian military challenges in the early 19th Century, etc.  This article contributes to the discussion by combining the COG concept with strategic theory, hereby addressing many of the raised critique points.  The article presents three COG-Strategy schools, centered on different/competing interpretations of the Clausewitzian Center of Gravity (CoG) concept as well as different approaches to strategy.  Each CoG-strategy school is rooted in the experiences as well as the historical roles of the individual U.S. military services and expresses a distinct, ideal-type way of fighting and winning wars.  The article finishes with a discussion of how the COG concept can connect a grand strategy to the military strategy.  For this purpose, it introduces the Will and Ability COG concept, which belongs to COG-Strategy school three (see below).  The Will and Ability COG concept provides strategists a method for designing war winning strategies that focus on inducing a policy change by the adversary leadership and on defeating the adversary’s strategy, starting at the grand strategic level of war and with the lower levels providing increasingly more details to various elements of the grand strategy.

In this paper we present a methodology based on multiple models and switching for realtime estimation of center of gravity (CG) position in automotive vehicles. The method utilizes well-known simple linear vehicle models for lateral and roll dynamics and assumes the availability of standard stock automotive sensors. We illustrate the technique with numerical simulations as well as with measured sensor

This paper aims at developing a technically sound and conceptually engineered ATV called quad bike. This paper describes in detail the procedure followed, methodology used and the considerations made in the entire design process. First the design approach is discussed and then the resulting design procedure and design analysis has been explained. Due efforts have been put to validate the design by theoretical calculations, simulations and known facts. Through this paper, an effort has been made to introduce a reliable yet cheaper methodology for industrial quad bike designing and simulation that may be used as a reference for many upcoming industries as well as many research and development projects.

Abstract—We study models of a quadrotor UAV. These models include various aerodynamic effects of the propellers and their interactions with the motion of the rigid body of the UAV. Two main assumptions are formulated: the twisting of the propellers is such that the local ...

Because we love Carl von Clausewitz and the center of gravity concept, we need to grant them a divorce-for our sake. We tried for years to make it work, but it's time to face reality, together they are just too abstract and confusing for us to embrace.

Did living standards stagnate before the Industrial Revolution? Traditional real-wage indices typically show broadly constant living standards before 1800. In this paper, we show that living standards rose substantially, but surreptitiously because of the growing availability of new goods. Colonial luxuries such as tea, coffee, and sugar transformed European diets after the discovery of America and the rounding of the Cape of Good Hope. These goods became household items in many countries by the end of the 18th century. We use the Greenwood-Kopecky (2009) method to calculate welfare gains based on data about price changes and the rate of adoption of new colonial goods. Our results suggest that by 1850, the average Englishman would have been willing to forego 15% or more of his income in order to maintain access to sugar and tea alone. These findings are robust to a wide range of alternative assumptions, data series, and valuation methods.

"Elevated age in cyber warfare
Malware has become focused
SCADA Systems (Stuxnet)
Malware performs Operational Preparation of the Environment (OPE)
Conficker (Millions still infected)
Ransomeware
Data is being held hostage
The advanced capability of the threat has increased the risk.
Understanding the risk allows employment of defensive measures to mitigate the risk – “Risk will always be present”"

We provide data on Centers of Gravity (COG) and resonances of two spectral peaks (P1 and P2) in bark-scaled acoustic spectra of N|uu lingual (L) (ʘ, ǀ, ǃ, ǁ, ǂ) and linguo-pulmonic (LP) stops: (ʘ°q, ǀ°q, ǃ°q, ǁ°q, ǂ°q). COG, P1 and P2 values for click bursts in L and LP stops do not differ, indicating that the L/LP contrast