Ac Motors Drives

Une des principales applications des convertisseurs statiques est la commande des machines électriques. Ces machines peuvent être à courant continu, synchrones, asynchrones ou autres. L'objectif recherché très souvent est de faire fonctionner la machine à vitesse variable en lui conservant un couple optimum ; ce qui mène à une association de la machine à un convertisseur. Le travail demandé, le lieu du travail et la puissance à fournir conditionnent le choix du moteur d'entraînement. La source d'énergie dont on dispose, les contraintes sur les paramètres que l'on doit fournir, le prix de revient de l'ensemble permettent de sélectionner le type du convertisseur à associer au moteur.

According to the Mines and Energy Minitry of Brazil the national industry spends 43,7% of all energy of the country, electrical motors are the responsible for 68% of all energy spend of the industries, what means that it is equivalent near to 30% of the energy of Brazill. It takes people to think about energy efficiency of electric motors in general. As the frequency inverters rised as equipaments that brings more energy efficiency in the electricity usage in motor drives, nowadays the electric engineering is looking for other alternatives to improve this and with this ideia the industry has been paying an especial attention in permanent magnet motors, due its high efficiency and performance. The growth of the market of permanent magnet motors is recent but already exist good numbers. As seen in a research of Markets and Markets there is a forecast to permanent magnet motors market of the Brushless DC motor type to enrich in 8,15 millions of dollars into 2021. According to Global Newswire economic leaders like EUA e countries of western Europe had a recent resumed of growth in the manufacturing sector that incorporated a good number of permanent magnet motors and helped with its popularization, still according to the same source, the biggest market of permanent motor is in Pacific-Asia, where are located countries like China, India, South Korea and Japan. Moreover, is notable the rising of electric cars in the automotive market around the world and permanent magnets have a fundamental place in developing these cars. The present work has a dissertation about the vector control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, starting with a general review of this motor and following a theoretical revision of the vector control concept in a generic way and then adapting this vector control to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, considering its specificities, to finally achieve the drive model by vector control of this motor. A model of vector control drive of permanent magnet motor will be used for simulation in SIMULINK tool of software MATLAB.
Key-words: PMSM, PMAC, Permanet Magnet Motors Drivers, Vector Control, FOC

Motor listrik adalah alat untuk mengubah energy listrik menjadi energy mekanik. Begitu juga dengan sebaliknya yaitu alat untuk mengubah energy mekanik menjadi energy listrik yang biasanya disebut dengan Generator atau dynamo. Motor listrik dapa tkita temukan di peralatan rumahtangga seperti: kipas angin, mesin cuci, Blender, pompa air, mixer dan penyedot debu. Adapun motor listrik yang digunakan untuk kerja (industry) atau yang digunakan dilapangan seperti: bor listrik, gerinda, blower, menggerakan kompresor, mengangkat bahan,dll. Pada motor listrik yang tenaga listrik di ubah menjadi tenaga mekanik. Perubahan ini dilakukan dengan mengubah tenaga listrik menjadi magnet yang disebutsebagai elektro magnet. Sebaga imana yang telah kita ketahui bahwa kutub – kutub dari magnet yang senama akan tolak menolak dan kutub yang tidak senama akan tarik menarik. Dengan terjadinya proses ini maka kita dapat memperoleh gerakan jika kita menempatkan sebuah magnet pad asebuahporos yang dapatberputar dan magnet yang lain pada suatu kedudukan yang tetap.

Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la Eficiencia Energética (EE), en especial la referida a la energía eléctrica monofásica, de consumo domiciliario y comercial. El problema del impacto ambiental (huella de carbono) que se está generando, significa una oportunidad para el desarrollo de productos más eficientes en el consumo de la energía eléctrica (objetivo final). En clara orientación con esta línea ética de Dis. Ind., se trabajó con una metodología propia del Ecodesing, centrada en la quinta etapa del análisis del ciclo de vida (ACV): uso eficiente de la energía eléctrica. La finalidad fue desarrollar un motor sincrónico de tipo PMSM de 220 (voltios), 50 (Hz) de corriente alterna (AC); para ser utilizado en ventiladores, equipos de aire acondicionado y otros sistemas de refrigeración: forzadores de aire, etcétera. El resultado principal que se obtuvo fue la reducción de un 52% de la potencia activa (W), sin pérdidas de velocidad (revoluciones por minuto) de las aspas. Como conclusión final podemos decir que se produjo un ahorro del 58% consumo de la energía eléctrica activa (kWh).

In the paper presented below, the focus is directed
to the automation and control of an AC motor, as
well as obtaining its mathematical model (in the form
of transfer function) using DSPACE platform, which
facilitates the realization of real time testing that
is necessary to identify the process here presented.
Once the model is obtained, we proceed to develop
the design of a controller based on the Generalized
Predictive Control (GPC) methodology. Finally, the
controller designed was applied to the system coupled
to a simulated load by an electromagnetic break. As
it is known, the usage of these motors is widespread
in the industry, this work is aimed to controlling the
speed, its response to changes in set point and its
response to the presence of disturbances.

Adjustable speed drive (ASD) is an equipment designed to control the speed of an induction motor. Because of easy process control and energy saving, it mainly found in commercial and industrial facilities. Unfortunately, ASD is sensitive to power disturbances such as voltage sags. This paper analyzes the behavior of diodes rectifier current under normal condition and voltage sags of type A and C. Based on the experiment results, the behavior of diode currents are reverse bias during voltage sag and high inrush current appears after the voltage sag ends. Impact of type A voltage sag with various conditions are presented by voltage tolerance curve

Adjustable speed drive (ASD) is an equipment designed to control the speed of an induction motor. Because of easy process control and energy saving, it mainly found in commercial and industrial facilities. Unfortunately, ASD is sensitive to power disturbances such as voltage sags. This paper analyzes the behavior of diodes rectifier current under normal condition and voltage sags of type A and C. Based on the experiment results, the behavior of diode currents are reverse bias during voltage sag and high inrush current appears after the voltage sag ends. Impact of type A voltage sag with various conditions are presented by voltage tolerance curve.

In this article, a model predictive current controller for multilevel inverters driving electrical machines is proposed. The inverter switch positions are directly set by the controller, thus avoiding the use of a modulator. Admissible switching sequences are enumerated, and a state-space model of the drive is used to predict the drive's response to each sequence. The predicted short-term switching losses are evaluated and minimized. The concept of extrapolation and the use of bounds achieve an effective prediction horizon of up to 100 time steps despite the short switching horizon.

Adjustable speed drive (ASD) is an equipment designed to control the speed of an induction motor. Because of easy process control and energy saving, it mainly found in commercial and industrial facilities. Unfortunately, ASD is sensitive to power disturbances such as voltage sags. This paper analyzes the behavior of diodes rectifier current under normal condition and voltage sags of type A and C. Based on the experiment results, the behavior of diode currents are reverse bias during voltage sag and high inrush current appears after the voltage sag ends. Impact of type A voltage sag with various conditions are presented by voltage tolerance curve.

Basic PMSM-DTC drive controller consists of flux and torque hysteresis comparators and switching table. In the literature, three different designs have been reported. This paper investigates the three designs and compares their performance. The study aims to trace the reasons behind the recommendation of avoiding zero voltage states for PMSM-DTC reported in some studies. The system which avoids the zero states is compared with two systems include the zero states in their switching tables. The three systems are compared in their response time, switching losses, torque and flux ripples with three different input commands. The results as well as the theoretical discussion, show that the zero states should not be excluded from the switching table. The study concludes that the two level torque comparator, eight-state table design is suitable for two quadrant drives, while the three-level comparator, eight-state table is the most suitable for the four-quadrant drives.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4487879&tag=1

Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la Eficiencia Energética (EE), en especial la referida a la energía eléctrica monofásica,de consumo domiciliario y comercial. El problemadel impacto ambiental (huella de carbono) que se está generando, significa una oportunidad para el desarrollo de productos más eficientes en el consumo de la energía eléctrica (objetivo final).En clara orientación con estalínea ética de Dis.Ind., se trabajó conuna metodología propia delEcodesing, centrada en la quinta etapadel análisis del ciclo de vida (ACV): uso eficiente de la energía eléctrica.La finalidad fue desarrollar un motor sincrónico de tipo PMSM de 220 (voltios), 50 (Hz) de corriente alterna (AC); para ser utilizado en ventiladores, equipos de aire acondicionado y otros sistemas de refrigeración: forzadoresde aire, etcétera.Elresultado principal que se obtuvo fue la reducción de un 52% de la potencia activa (W), sin pérdidas develocidad (revoluciones por minuto) de las aspas. Como conclusión final p...