Papers by Mauricio Herrera López
Informes Psicológicos, 2024
The improvement of health or sanitary services has historically been configured from different st... more The improvement of health or sanitary services has historically been configured from different strategies; in this sense, the process approach has represented a relevant methodology used by Health Care Providing Institutions (IPS) for administrative and assistance activities. However, to date, there is a lack of clarity regarding its use and impact in Latin America. The objective of this article is to identify the current state of the literature related to process management in health services in Latin America, based on a review of articles published in three databases (SciELO, PubMed Central and Scopus). This bibliographic review was carried out using the PRISMA-P methodology, in which inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined for the collection, systematization, selection and analysis of the studies. Finally, 29 articles were reviewed in depth. The results highlight the characterization of process management, its implementation in hospitals and its evaluation. The studies are scarce and the contribution to the theoretical body is limited. In this region, process management has advanced especially in methodological and normative aspects; however, it is suggested to advance in the implementation of software, the empowerment of human talent and quantitative methodologies.
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Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2024
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Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology,, 2024
Introduction. School mediation training is important because it teaches students to resolve diffe... more Introduction. School mediation training is important because it teaches students to resolve differences in a non-violent way. Despite the benefits it offers, research on the subject is scarce and the background is mostly focused on theoretically understanding the conflict to develop specific techniques and tools that are useful for peer students, teachers and school counselors (Benítez, 2020). In this sense, the need to expand knowledge that allows education from a socio-emotional perspective is identified and therefore, the objective of this research is to establish the influence of multidimensional social competence in the formation of socioemotional skills for school mediation. Method. 1025 Colombian students participated (40.6% men and 59.4% women), aged between 12 and 19 years (M = 14.86; SD = 1.43). A structural equation model informed the relationships and influences of prosociality, social efficacy, and cognitive reappraisal on mediation skills. Results.: Specifically, prosocial behavior and cognitive reappraisal affect the understanding and management of conflict. Social efficacy and prosociality would be important in the ease of generating assertive communication. Meanwhile, social efficacy and cognitive reappraisal influence the ability to generate awareness and emotional regulation. Discussion and Conclusions. The mediator's prosociality is the most relevant characteristic because it implies displaying helping behaviors in accordance with the needs expressed by the students. For its part, social efficacy is an important factor because it is associated with motivation, the person's commitment to the task, resistance to frustration, and the management of emotions in relationships. While cognitive reappraisal is influential thanks to the use of strategies such as acceptance, positive focusing and perspective taking.
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Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2023
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Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2023
Introduction. To have an instrument for measuring socio-emotional skills for school mediation is ... more Introduction. To have an instrument for measuring socio-emotional skills for school mediation is useful for selecting school mediators; It also serves to identify the strengths that individuals or a particular group have when starting a training process. The objective was to construct and determine the psychometric properties of an instrument to measure socio-emotional skills of school mediation in students from official educational institutions of the City of Pasto (Colombia). Method. The incidental sample consisted of 460 students aged between 12 and 22 years (M = 14.68; SD = 1.41). Evidence of content validity and construct validity were analyzed. Convergent validity was analyzed with the Multidimensional Social Competence questionnaire (Gómez et al., 2017). Results. The results confirm a trifactorial structure: 1) understanding and conflict management, 2) facilitation of communication and 3) awareness and emotional regulation; These are consistent with the basic theoretical proposal. Discussion or Conclusion: The first factor highlights the need for sensitivity and empathy towards emotions; in the second, maintain the rules in the meeting for the benefit of the expression of interests, assume a persuasive speech, and be sure of himself; in the third, it is a priority to act in a self-controlled way for the benefit of the peaceful transformation of conflictive situations; It is recognized that it is necessary to refrain from aggressive behavior such as deliberately raising the tone of voice.
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Psychology, Society & Education, 2024
El fenómeno del ghosting se ha popularizado y los relatos de esta experiencia están en aumento. N... more El fenómeno del ghosting se ha popularizado y los relatos de esta experiencia están en aumento. No obstante, existe una notable carencia de investigaciones en Colombia que aborden este fenómeno. Esta investigación contribuye al campo emergente considerando los roles de implicación y el impacto emocional. Objetivo: Analizar las propiedades psicométricas de una escala de ghosting en la relación romántica, diseñada y aplicada a una muestra colombiana. Metodología: La investigación es de tipo instrumental, de corte transversal, con un único grupo. La muestra incidental estuvo conformada por 691 participantes, con edades entre los 18 y los 40 años (M = 24.03; DT = 4.47). El 62.4% (n = 431) fueron mujeres. Resultados: se reconocieron evidencias adecuadas de confiabilidad y validez de contenido y constructo. Adicionalmente, se presenta la correlación con la adicción a las redes sociales. La escala se distribuyó en 3 factores de acuerdo con la teoría de base planteada. Conclusiones: La Escala de Ghosting Romántico muestra óptimas propiedades psicométricas en cuanto a validez de contenido y constructo, además de excelentes valores de confiabilidad. La escala tiene una base teórica sólida y puede utilizarse para medir el ghosting en la relación romántica, sus roles y su impacto emocional en jóvenes adultos colombianos.
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Psychology, Society & Education, 2024
The phenomenon of ghosting has become widespread, the stories about this experience are on the ri... more The phenomenon of ghosting has become widespread, the stories about this experience are on the rise. However, there is a notable lack of research in Colombia addressing this phenomenon. This study contributes to the emerging field by considering the roles of involvement and emotional impact. Objective: To analyze the psychometric properties of a ghosting scale in romantic relationships, designed and applied to a Colombian sample. Methodology: The research is instrumental, cross-sectional, with a single group. The incidental sample consisted of 691 participants, aged between 18 and 40 years (M = 24.03; SD = 4.47). A 62.4% (n = 431) were women. Results: Adequate evidence of reliability and content and construct validity was recognized. Additionally, the scale is correlated with social media addiction. The scale is distributed into three factors according to the proposed theoretical framework. Conclusions: Romantic Ghosting Scale demonstrates optimal psychometric properties in terms of content and construct validity, along with excellent reliability values. The scale has a solid theoretical foundation and can be used to measure ghosting in romantic relationships, its roles, and its emotional impact on young Colombian adults.
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International Journal of Dentistry, 2024
Introduction. The objective of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Colombi... more Introduction. The objective of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Colombian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14) in older adults. Materials and Methods. A translation and validation study of HeLD-14 was conducted on 384 non-institutionalized older adults attending the Dental Clinic at Universidad Cooperativa from Pasto, Colombia. A crosscultural adaptation of a multidimensional HeLD-14 was completed, and the psychometric properties of this scale were evaluated through a cross-validation method using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's alpha (α) and Omega's McDonald (ɷ). The statistical significance was set at P <0:05. Results. The EFA demonstrated that a single-factor structure with 11 items explained a cumulative 59.86% of the overall variance. The CFA confirmed that goodness of fit indices of this questionnaire had optimal adequateness (χ 2 S-B = 109.047; χ 2 S-B /(44) = 2.478, P ¼ 0:001; non-normed fit index = 0.901; comparative fit index = 0.908; root mean square error of approximation = 0.079 (90% CI (0.075, 0.083)); standardized root mean residual = 0.080). The coefficients indicated a high internal consistency for the total scale (α = 0.94; ɷ = 0.96). Conclusion. The developed adaptation of HeLD-14 for the Colombian population, HeLD-Col, is a unidimensional, reliable, and valid instrument to assess oral health literacy in older adults in Colombia.
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Health literacy research and practice, 2024
Background: Oral health literacy (OHL) is the ability of individuals to obtain, process, and unde... more Background: Oral health literacy (OHL) is the ability of individuals to obtain, process, and understand oral health information and services, allowing them to make appropriate oral health decisions. The association between OHL and tooth loss and replacement have not been well understood. Objectives: We aimed to determine the association between OHL and tooth loss and replacement in a Colombia population. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 384 older adults age 65 to 89 years from Pasto, Colombia was carried out. The number of lost and replaced teeth was assessed intraorally; sociodemographic and prosthetic characteristics were collected, and the Health Literacy in Dentistry questionnaire was used to evaluate OHL. Generalized linear models were estimated to assess associations between independent variables (including OHL) and the number of lost and replaced teeth. Key Results: There were 224 (58.3%) men and 160 (41.7%) women. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) number of lost and replaced teeth was 27.78 (4.03) and 12.53 (9.89), respectively. One hundred fifty five (40.4%) individuals had full removable dental protheses, 122 (31.8%) partial removable dental protheses, 68 (17.7%) fixed prosthetics, and 36 (9.4%) dental implants. OHL was 33.29 (6.59) and significantly positively associated with the number of replaced teeth (β = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52-0.78, p < .001), but not with lost teeth. Conclusions: OHL may foster individuals' capabilities to replace lost teeth, although we did not find it associated with reduced tooth loss, likely as tooth loss was highly common in this older population. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2024;8(1):e21-e28.] Dental Examination An intra-oral clinical examination was performed using a dental mirror No. 5 (Marthe, Bucaramanga, Colombia) and cotton rolls when needed. The number of lost teeth was registered, as well as the number of replaced teeth. Third molars
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ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2023
Introduction. The Internet and Social Networks have become spaces for digital interaction in whic... more Introduction. The Internet and Social Networks have become spaces for digital interaction in which the participation of people of all ages has led to a series of exchanges that can be recognized for their hateful content in relation to political, religious, gender and ethnic origin ideologies. This phenomenon has been called cyberhate. This research set out to design and validate a scale to measure cyber hatred in the Colombian population. Method. The final sample consisted of 1984 university students between 18 and 61 years old (M = 23.25; SD = 5.06), from 23 universities and 14 departments of Colombia. Results. The final version of the scale is made up of 32 items, distributed in three dimensions: victimization, perpetration, and observation of political, religious, gender and ethnic origin cyberhate. Content validity was performed with the support of nine expert judges, compared validity with the ECIPQ test (cyberbullying) and construct validity, through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Discussion or Conclusion. The designed test presents optimal psychometric qualities. Its reliability index is α = 0.939, and ɷ = 0.96, which indicates an adequate level of internal consistency. Additionally, a moderate positive correlation with ECIP-Q is reported, which verifies the specificity and robustness of the cyberhate construct, differentiating it from cyberbullying. In conclusion, the ECO is valid and reliable for the reference population.
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ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2023
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Informes Psicológicos, 2022
Revista Informes Psicológicos ISSN 2145-3535 e ISSNe 24422-3271 (2022, Vol. 22, Num. 2). La adicc... more Revista Informes Psicológicos ISSN 2145-3535 e ISSNe 24422-3271 (2022, Vol. 22, Num. 2). La adicción a redes sociales es un fenómeno de creciente interés; su ocurrencia tiene impactos negativos sobre los adolescentes, sugiriendo la necesidad de contar con instrumentos idóneos de evaluación. El objetivo fue validar el cuestionario de Adicción a Redes Sociales–ARS a través de la revisión de expertos y el análisis de sus propiedades psicométricas con una muestra incidental de 421 adolescentes (50.8% mujeres) de Pasto, Colombia (11-19 años; M= 15.63; SD= 1.34). Se logró una adecuada adaptación lingüística y óptima validez de contenido y consistencia interna; el análisis factorial confirmatorio y de invarianza evidenciaron validez estructural para tres componentes: obsesión por las redes sociales, falta de control personal y uso excesivo de las redes sociales. Se reconoció adecuada validez comparada frente al Internet Addiction Test-IAT. El cuestionario ARS es el primer instrumento validado en Colombia en beneficio de los procesos clínicos y los programas de prevención e intervención de esta conducta. Palabras clave: internet, redes sociales, adicción, adolescentes, validación.
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Informes Psicológicos, 2022
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Informes Psicológicos, 2021
Revista Informes Psicológicos: ISSN 2145-3535 e ISSNe 24422-3271 (2021, Vol 21, Num. 2). Reciente... more Revista Informes Psicológicos: ISSN 2145-3535 e ISSNe 24422-3271 (2021, Vol 21, Num. 2). Recientes estudios sugieren que el aumento del uso de las TIC y en especial de redes sociales parece estar relacionado con un mayor riesgo de exposición a fenómenos de intimidación en el ciberespacio. El ciber-rumor y el cybergossip son algunos de estos riesgos de gran relevancia en el estudio de la ciberconducta, pues modulan los procesos emocionales y actitudinales que pueden afectar negativamente al bienestar psicológico, así como al contexto social inmediato. Este documento presenta una revisión y reflexión general sobre el avance en el cuerpo teórico del cybergossip, delimita el constructo en comparación con el ciber-rumor y el cyberbullying, presenta un estudio realizado en Colombia desde una perspectiva cross-cultural y ofrece posibles líneas de trabajo futuras desde las ciencias sociales computacionales. Las conclusiones son útiles para los diversos estudios que abordan el estudio de la ciberconducta, particularmente desde la multidisciplinariedad y las ciencias sociales computacionales. Palabras clave: cybergossip, ciber-rumor, cyberbullying, redes sociales, Colombia.
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Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2021
This systematic review aimed to explore the research papers related to how Internet and social me... more This systematic review aimed to explore the research papers related to how Internet and social media may, or may not, constitute an opportunity to online hate speech. 67 studies out of 2389 papers found in the searches, were eligible for analysis. We included articles that addressed online hate speech or cyberhate between 2015 and 2019. Meta-analysis could not be conducted due to the broad diversity of studies and measure units. The reviewed studies provided exploratory data about the Internet and social media as a space for online hate speech, types of cyberhate, terrorism as online hate trigger, online hate expressions and most common methods to assess online hate speech. As a general consensus on what is cyberhate, this is conceptualized as the use of violent, aggressive or offensive language, focused on a specific group of people who share a common property, which can be religion, race, gender or sex or political affiliation through the use of Internet and Social Networks, based on a power imbalance, which can be carried out repeatedly, systematically and uncontrollably, through digital media and often motivated by ideologies.
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Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology , 2021
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Psicología Educativa, 2021
El bullying es un abuso sistemático de poder entre el alumnado que provoca, o puede provocar, des... more El bullying es un abuso sistemático de poder entre el alumnado que provoca, o puede provocar, desde daño físico, psicológico y emocional, hasta social y/o educativo en sus protagonistas (Houchins et al., 2016; Menesini y Salmivalli, 2017). El agresor exhibe una posición social de superioridad con la finalidad de humillar a la víctima, a la que estas dinámicas abusivas colocan en situación de desventaja (Juvonen y Graham, 2014). Esta desventaja podría agrandarse si los implicados son escolares que ya sufren la discriminación o el estigma de ser chicos con necesidades especiales o algún tipo de discapacidad. En este sentido, una interesante línea de investigación actual se centra en el estudio comparado del bullying como fenómeno genérico, también denominado bullying "tradicional" o "personal", y del bullying "discriminatorio" (Downes y Cefai, 2019; Moore et al., 2019; Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Alcívar et al., 2019) o "debido al estigma social" (p. ej., Earnshaw et al., 2018) hacia la discapacidad o características diferenciales que tienen los escolares afectados por bullying como víctima o como agresor. Las diferencias entre iguales parecen desencadenar la violencia injustificada que todo bullying incluye (Garnett et al., 2014; Garnett et al., 2015; Rodríguez-Hidalgo et al., 2014). El bullying discriminatorio, o derivado de dicho estigma, contempla un comportamiento agresivo intencional, reiterado, como el resto de las conductas agresivas, pero parece que el desequilibrio El bullying discriminatorio a causa de las diferencias en las necesidades educativas especiales o discapacidad amenaza el desarrollo saludable de los adolescentes. El estudio pretende conocer si la autoestima, la empatía y las habilidades sociales son predictoras de este bullying discriminatorio (agresión y victimización). Una muestra de 1,640 adolescentes de 11 a 20 años, 820 de España (48.8% hombres y 51.2% mujeres) y 820 de Ecuador (49.3% hombres y 50.7% mujeres), participaron cumplimentando una batería de cuestionarios de autoinforme. Los resultados de los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales muestran que en ambos países la autoconfianza predice negativamente la victimización y la agresión y el autodesprecio positivamente; la asertividad es un predictor positivo de la agresión y negativo de la victimización. Se ob-servan diferencias entre ambos países en el papel de las habilidades sociales (comunicativas y de resolución de conflictos) y de la empatía. Se discuten los resultados en relación con la naturaleza de este bullying discriminatorio y los programas educativos preventivos. Psychosocial predictors of discriminatory bullying based on the stigma towards special educational needs and/or disabilities (SEND) A B S T R A C T Discriminatory bullying based on differences in special educational needs or disability threatens the healthy development of adolescents. The study aims to find out whether self-esteem, empathy, and social skills are predictors of this discriminatory bullying (aggression and victimization). A sample of 1,640 adolescents aged 11 to 20, of which half are from Spain (48.8% male and 51.2% female) and half from Ecuador (49.3% men and 50.7% women), participated in the study by completing a battery of self-report questionnaires. The results of the structural equation models show that in both countries victimization and aggression are predicted negatively by self-confidence and positively by self-deprecation; assertiveness is a positive predictor of aggression and a negative predictor of victimization. Differences are observed between the two countries in the role of social skills (communication and conflict resolution) and empathy. These results are discussed in relation to the nature of this discriminatory bullying and preventive educational programs.
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PloS One, 2020
The present study aims to collect data about the prevalence of cyberbullying and the role of self... more The present study aims to collect data about the prevalence of cyberbullying and the role of self-esteem, empathy, and social skills in predicting cybervictimization and cyberaggression in two different countries: Spain and Ecuador. Additionally, it compares the similarities found in both countries. A wide sample of adolescents from Secondary Education (N = 24943; mean age = 13.92; SD = 1.30, girls = 49.9%) from both countries (Spain = 14,206 and Ecua-dor = 10,737) took part by filling in a set of self-reports. Weighted analyses and structural equation models were used. The results revealed that 8.8% were cybervictims, 3.1% were cyberaggressors and 4.9% cybervictims-cyberaggressors in Spain; whereas 8.7% were cybervictims, 5.1% were cyberaggressors and 14.3% were cybervictims-cyberaggressors in Ecuador. Cybervictimization could be predicted in both countries by means of self-dep-recation and social skills, although the meaning of some skills was different depending on the country. Cyberaggression could be predicted in both countries by means of empathy, assertiveness, and conflict-resolution skills, as well as by communicative and relational skills. Self-deprecation was a predictor of cyberaggression only in Spain. These results are discussed, and educational inferences are drawn for prevention.
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Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2020
Information and communication technologies provide a new context for interpersonal relationships,... more Information and communication technologies provide a new context for interpersonal relationships, learning and professional activities. Nevertheless, there are several risks related to technology use, including compulsive Internet use. Even though compulsive Internet use has been identified as an important problem behavior in young people, there are still gaps in knowledge regarding its measurement in Spanish-speaking countries. Thus, the objective of this study was to validate the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) in Spain, Colombia, and Mexico using a sample of 2,090 15-30 year olds. Results showed that the questionnaire has excellent psy-chometric properties and confirmed its original unidimensional factor structure. Inter-item polychoric correlations showed optimum values that indicated consistency and high quality of the construct. A confirmatory factor analysis showed an excellent model fit for all the subsamples, including Spain, Colombia, and Mexico. A multigroup analysis showed measurement invariance across the studied countries. Given that the CIUS is one of the most popular instruments used to measure excessive Internet use around the world, it can now be used in crossnational comparative studies, including Spain, Colombia, and Mexico, together with other countries. It can also be used to evaluate intervention programs in the studied countries.
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Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual, 2019
This study tested the cross-cultural robustness of the Adolescent Multidimensional Social Compete... more This study tested the cross-cultural robustness of the Adolescent Multidimensional Social Competence Questionnaire (AMSC-Q) and examined the relationship between social competence (SC) and bullying involvement. The sample was composed of 4207 secondary school students from Spain, Colombia and Ireland. The analyses revealed that the AMSC-Q showed five factors (social and normative adjustment, prosocial behaviour, social efficacy and cognitive reappraisal) which were invariant across participants in the three countries. SEM revealed an inverse relationship between normative and social adjustment and a direct relationship of social efficacy with bullying aggression. Victimization was explained by the direct influence of prosocial behaviours and social efficacy and the inverse influence of social and normative adjustment. Although the models were homogeneous between countries, the relationships between SC dimensions and bullying aggression and victimization were stronger in Colombia. KEY WORDS: social development, validation, measurement invariance, aggression, victimization. Resumen En este estudio se analizó la robustez transcultural del "Cuestionario multidimensional de competencia social para adolescentes" (AMSC-Q) y se examinó la relación entre la competencia social (CS) y la implicación en el acoso escolar. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 4207 estudiantes de educación secundaria de España, Colombia e Irlanda. Los análisis revelaron que el AMSC-Q se compone de cinco factores (ajuste social y normativo, conducta prosocial, eficacia social y reevaluación cognitiva) que se mostraron invariantes entre los participantes de todos los países. Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) indicó una relación inversa entre el ajuste social y normativo y la agresión, y una relación directa entre la agresión y la eficacia social. La victimización fue explicada por la influencia directa del comportamiento prosocial y la eficacia social, y la influencia inversa del ajuste social y normativo. Aunque los modelos fueron
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Papers by Mauricio Herrera López