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- The saker was a medium cannon, slightly smaller than a culverin, developed during the early 16th century and often used by the English. It was named after the saker falcon, a large falconry bird native to the Middle East. A saker's barrel was approximately 9.5 ft (2.9 m) long, had a calibre of 3.25 inches (8.26 cm), and weighed approximately 1,900 lb (860 kg). It could fire round shot weighing 5.25 lb (2.4 kg) approximately 2,400 yards (2.3 km) using 4 lb (1.8 kg) of black powder. The shot was intended to bounce along the ground to cause as much damage as possible, the explosive shell being rare before the 19th century. Tests performed in France during the 1950s show that a saker's range was over 3,000 yards (2.7 km) when fired at a 45-degree angle. Henry VIII amassed a large arsenal of sakers in the early 16th century as he expanded the Royal Navy and came into conflict with France. Henry's foundries used so much bronze that there was a world shortage of tin. According to the inventory in the Anthony Roll, the Mary Rose carried several sakers, though none have been found so far and may have been recovered by salvagers soon after the ship's disastrous sinking. Sakers were heavily used during the English Civil War, especially during sieges, when they were used by both attackers and defenders of fortified towns. They also saw action in the Jacobite rising of 1689 and were used by the armies of both William III and James II at the Battle of the Boyne. A French version of the saker is the couleuvrine moyenne, meaning "middle sized", which was often used at sea. Venetian merchant ships often carried sakers to defend themselves from pirates, and similar cannons have been found on Spanish Armada wrecks. In the New World, the Pilgrims removed the naval guns from the Mayflower for use in possible land engagements, which they installed in the fort that they built to protect their newly founded Plimoth Plantation from French, Spanish, and hostile Native Americans. The British installed six saker cannons in Castle William on Castle Island in 1644 when the first of many rebuilds and rearming over the centuries was conducted in order to control the approaches to Boston Harbor. In Britain, Brigadier General Michael Richards was appointed Master-General of the Ordnance in 1714 and he commissioned a Danish expert, Albert Borgard, to design a new artillery system. Borgard did away with the traditional nomenclature of culverins, sakers and minions, and devised a new system based on the weight of shot that each gun used, from 4 to 64 pounds. Although Borgard's gun designs were quickly superseded, the practice of naming ordnance by weight of shot persisted in Britain into the 20th century. (en)
- 세이커(Saker)는 컬버린 보다 작고 팔코네트보다는 큰 중형 캐넌류 포이다. 16세기에 개발되었으며 영국군에서 애용하였다. 중동 원산의 커다란 매인 세이커매(Saker Falcon)에서 이름이 유래했다. 포신 길이는 약 9.5 피트(2.9 미터)이고, 구경은 약 3.25 인치(8.26 센티미터)에 무게는 약 1900 파운드(860 킬로그램) 정도였다. 약 1.8 킬로그램의 흑색화약을 사용하여 2.4 킬로그램짜리 구형 포환을 약 2.3 킬로미터까지 쏘아보낼 수 있었다. 폭발물을 발사하기보다, 발사체가 지면 곳곳에 튀어오르게 만들어서 피해를 유발하도록 설계되었다. 1950년대 프랑스에서 시험 발사해본 결과 셰이커의 사정거리는 앙각 45도에서 9000 피트(2.7 킬로미터)였다. (ko)
- セーカー砲（セーカーほう、英語: Saker）は近世に用いられた弾丸重量5ポンドクラスの小口径前装式大砲。 (ja)
- 獵隼砲（英語：Saker）是一種中型的加農砲，比蛇砲稍微小型一點，大約在十六世紀中期被發展出來，常在英格蘭被使用。他的名字來自獵隼，一種原產於中東的大型狩獵鳥類。 獵隼砲的砲管大約有二點九公尺長，口徑大約八點二六公分，重量大約八百六十公斤。可以發射二點四公斤的球型砲彈，射程大約二點三公里，使用一點八公斤的黑火藥。砲彈被設計成不會爆炸但會彈起而造成更多傷害。 (zh)
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- 세이커(Saker)는 컬버린 보다 작고 팔코네트보다는 큰 중형 캐넌류 포이다. 16세기에 개발되었으며 영국군에서 애용하였다. 중동 원산의 커다란 매인 세이커매(Saker Falcon)에서 이름이 유래했다. 포신 길이는 약 9.5 피트(2.9 미터)이고, 구경은 약 3.25 인치(8.26 센티미터)에 무게는 약 1900 파운드(860 킬로그램) 정도였다. 약 1.8 킬로그램의 흑색화약을 사용하여 2.4 킬로그램짜리 구형 포환을 약 2.3 킬로미터까지 쏘아보낼 수 있었다. 폭발물을 발사하기보다, 발사체가 지면 곳곳에 튀어오르게 만들어서 피해를 유발하도록 설계되었다. 1950년대 프랑스에서 시험 발사해본 결과 셰이커의 사정거리는 앙각 45도에서 9000 피트(2.7 킬로미터)였다. (ko)
- セーカー砲（セーカーほう、英語: Saker）は近世に用いられた弾丸重量5ポンドクラスの小口径前装式大砲。 (ja)
- 獵隼砲（英語：Saker）是一種中型的加農砲，比蛇砲稍微小型一點，大約在十六世紀中期被發展出來，常在英格蘭被使用。他的名字來自獵隼，一種原產於中東的大型狩獵鳥類。 獵隼砲的砲管大約有二點九公尺長，口徑大約八點二六公分，重量大約八百六十公斤。可以發射二點四公斤的球型砲彈，射程大約二點三公里，使用一點八公斤的黑火藥。砲彈被設計成不會爆炸但會彈起而造成更多傷害。 (zh)
- The saker was a medium cannon, slightly smaller than a culverin, developed during the early 16th century and often used by the English. It was named after the saker falcon, a large falconry bird native to the Middle East. A French version of the saker is the couleuvrine moyenne, meaning "middle sized", which was often used at sea. Venetian merchant ships often carried sakers to defend themselves from pirates, and similar cannons have been found on Spanish Armada wrecks. (en)
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