ABSTRACT This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Itali... more ABSTRACT This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Italian higher education system: satellite campuses. In comparison with other European countries, the Italian system shows peculiarities in terms of differentiation and power distribution among institutional actors. Building on the idea that the opening of a satellite campus might be the result of a convergence of interests among two actors (the academic oligarchy, that is, tenured faculty members, and local governments) at the expenses of a third (the state), the paper provides evidence about a statistically significant and robust association between the level of internal ‘academic crowding’ at a university and the chances of opening one or more satellite campuses. This supports the hypothesis that the creation of satellite campuses may have been welcomed and favored by tenured professors for diverting internal competition for academic posts and preserving the distribution of power in the parent university.
Social support helps households manage everyday necessities, take advantage of opportunities, and... more Social support helps households manage everyday necessities, take advantage of opportunities, and ensure survival in times of crisis. Previous research finds that the majority of informal social support comes from close friends and family, and these networks are compartmentalized, with different kinds of ties providing different kinds of support (Wellman 1992, Small 2009). However, recent ethnographic work suggests that in low resource networks, certain relational expectations break down, leading to a wider search for assistance (Desmond 2012, Menjivar 2000, Smith 2007). In light of this, research must move beyond in depth case studies to compare relational effects across social groups. Our research asks 1) how types of relations impact social support and 2) how the effects of relational types vary by social position. Here we distinguish between the characteristics of relationships and the characteristics of individuals. In doing so, our research considers not only how one's soc...
This article extends Max Weber’s theory of the transformation of charisma by exploring the relati... more This article extends Max Weber’s theory of the transformation of charisma by exploring the relationships between cults of charismatic miracle workers and the Catholic Church in early modern Europe. We show that, at least in this case, cults of miracle workers were able to preserve their charismatic character even after the death of their leader by securing recognition from the church of their leader as a saint. While the Church in general was concerned over the proliferation of magic, its attitude toward miracle workers in this period was not hostile. Instead, we show that the Church established a canonization procedure that was biased in favor of those miracle workers whose acolytes formed densely connected networks capable of harnessing local support. Rather than being inimical to each other, charismatic authorities and existing institutional structures formed symbiotic relationships. In addition to routinization and depersonalization, we suggest that charismatic authorities can also undergo a process of preservation, which depends on their ability to secure from existing institutions the resources needed to stabilize the relationships between themselves and their staffs.
ABSTRACT This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Itali... more ABSTRACT This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Italian higher education system: satellite campuses. In comparison with other European countries, the Italian system shows peculiarities in terms of differentiation and power distribution among institutional actors. Building on the idea that the opening of a satellite campus might be the result of a convergence of interests among two actors (the academic oligarchy, that is, tenured faculty members, and local governments) at the expenses of a third (the state), the paper provides evidence about a statistically significant and robust association between the level of internal ‘academic crowding’ at a university and the chances of opening one or more satellite campuses. This supports the hypothesis that the creation of satellite campuses may have been welcomed and favored by tenured professors for diverting internal competition for academic posts and preserving the distribution of power in the parent university.
Social support helps households manage everyday necessities, take advantage of opportunities, and... more Social support helps households manage everyday necessities, take advantage of opportunities, and ensure survival in times of crisis. Previous research finds that the majority of informal social support comes from close friends and family, and these networks are compartmentalized, with different kinds of ties providing different kinds of support (Wellman 1992, Small 2009). However, recent ethnographic work suggests that in low resource networks, certain relational expectations break down, leading to a wider search for assistance (Desmond 2012, Menjivar 2000, Smith 2007). In light of this, research must move beyond in depth case studies to compare relational effects across social groups. Our research asks 1) how types of relations impact social support and 2) how the effects of relational types vary by social position. Here we distinguish between the characteristics of relationships and the characteristics of individuals. In doing so, our research considers not only how one's soc...
This article extends Max Weber’s theory of the transformation of charisma by exploring the relati... more This article extends Max Weber’s theory of the transformation of charisma by exploring the relationships between cults of charismatic miracle workers and the Catholic Church in early modern Europe. We show that, at least in this case, cults of miracle workers were able to preserve their charismatic character even after the death of their leader by securing recognition from the church of their leader as a saint. While the Church in general was concerned over the proliferation of magic, its attitude toward miracle workers in this period was not hostile. Instead, we show that the Church established a canonization procedure that was biased in favor of those miracle workers whose acolytes formed densely connected networks capable of harnessing local support. Rather than being inimical to each other, charismatic authorities and existing institutional structures formed symbiotic relationships. In addition to routinization and depersonalization, we suggest that charismatic authorities can also undergo a process of preservation, which depends on their ability to secure from existing institutions the resources needed to stabilize the relationships between themselves and their staffs.
This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Italian higher... more This paper sheds light on the development of a peculiar organizational form in the Italian higher education system: satellite campuses. In comparison with other European countries, the Italian system shows peculiarities in terms of differentiation and power distribution among institutional actors. Building on the idea that the opening of a satellite campus might be the result of a convergence of interests among two actors (the academic oligarchy, that is, tenured faculty members, and local governments) at the expenses of a third (the state), the paper provides evidence about a statistically signi fi cant and robust association between the level of internal ‘ academic crowding ’ at a university and the chances of opening one or more satellite campuses. This supports the hypothesis that the creation of satellite campuses may have been welcomed and favored by tenured professors for diverting internal competition for academic posts and preserving the distribution of power in the parent university.
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canonization procedure that was biased in favor of those miracle workers whose acolytes formed densely connected networks capable of harnessing local support. Rather than
being inimical to each other, charismatic authorities and existing institutional structures formed symbiotic relationships. In addition to routinization and depersonalization, we suggest that charismatic authorities can also undergo a process of preservation, which depends on their ability to secure from existing institutions the resources needed to stabilize the relationships between themselves and their staffs.
canonization procedure that was biased in favor of those miracle workers whose acolytes formed densely connected networks capable of harnessing local support. Rather than
being inimical to each other, charismatic authorities and existing institutional structures formed symbiotic relationships. In addition to routinization and depersonalization, we suggest that charismatic authorities can also undergo a process of preservation, which depends on their ability to secure from existing institutions the resources needed to stabilize the relationships between themselves and their staffs.