Samjuel Džonson
| Samjuel Džonson | |
|---|---|
 Samjuel Džonson c. 1772, rad slikara Ser Džošue Rejnoldsa | |
| Ime po rođenju | Samuel Johnson |
| Druga imena | Dr. Džonson |
| Datum rođenja | 18. септембар 1709. (OS 7. september) |
| Mesto rođenja | Ličfild, Stafordšir Velika Britanija |
| Datum smrti | 13. decembar 1784. (75 god.) |
| Mesto smrti | London Velika Britanija |
| Mesto ukopa | Vestminsterska opatija |
| Prebivalište | Engleska |
| Državljanstvo | Britansko |
| Univerzitet | Pembrok koledž, Oksford (nema diplome) |
| Zanimanje | Književni kritičar, biograf, esejista, leksikograf, pesnik, dramski pisac |
| Radovi | Rečnik engleskog jezika Putovanje na zapadne ostrva Škotske |
| Potpis | |
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Samjuel Džonson (18. septembar 1709 – 13. decembar 1784), često nazivan Dr Džonson, bio je engleski pisac koji je dao trajni doprinos engleskoj književnosti kao pesnik, dramski pisac, esejista, moralista, književni kritičar, biograf, urednik i leksikograf. Bio je pobožni anglikanac.[1] Politički, on je bio posvećeni torijevac. Oksfordski rečnik nacionalne biografije opisuje Džonsona kao „verovatno najistaknutijeg pisca u engleskoj istoriji”.[2] On je tema Džejms Bosvelovog dela Život Samjuela Džonsona, koje je Volter Džekson Bejt opisao kao „najpoznatiji pojedinačni rad biografske umetnosti u čitavoj književnosti”.[3]
Rođen u Ličfildu, Stafordšir, Džonson je pohađao Pembruk koledž u Okfordu nešto duže od godinu dana, ali ga je nedostatak sredstava prisilio da napusti studije. Nakon što je radio kao nastavnik, preselio se u London, gde je počeo da piše za Džentlmanski magazin. Njegovi rani radovi uključuju biografiju Život gospodina Ričarda Savidža, poeme London i Ispraznost ljudskih želja, i predstavu Irena.
Nakon devet godina rada, Džonsonov Rečnik engleskog jezika objavljen je 1755. godine. On je imao dalekosežan uticaj na savremeni engleski jezik i bio je priznat kao „jedno od najvećih pojedinačnih dostignuća učenosti”.[4] Ovo delo je donelo Džonsonu popularnost i uspeh. Do završetka Oksfordskog engleskog rečnika 150 godina kasnije, Džonsonov je bio najistaknutiji britanski rečnik.[5] Njegovi kasniji radovi uključivali su eseje, uticajno anotirano izdanje Predstava Vilijama Šekspira i široko čitana priča Istorija Raselasa, princa od Abisinije. Godine 1763, on se sprijateljio sa Džejmsom Bosvelom, s kojim je kasnije otputovao u Škotsku. Džonson je opisao njihova putovanja u delu Putovanju do zapadnih ostrva Škotske. Pred kraj svog života, proizveo je masivno i uticajno delo Životi najeminentnijih engleskih pesnika, zbirku biografija i evaluacija pesnika iz 17. i 18. veka.
Džonson je bio visok[а] i robustan čovek. Njegovi čudni gestovi i tikovi bili su uznemirujući za neke ljude pri prvom sastanku sa njim. Bosvelov Život, zajedno sa drugim biografijama, dokumentovao je Džonsonovo ponašanje i manire tako detaljno da je omogućena posthumna dijagnoza Turetovog sindroma,[7] stanja koje nije definisano ili dijagnozirano u 18. veku. Nakon niza bolesti, umro je uveče 13. decembra 1784. godine i sahranjen je u Vestminsterskoj opatiji. U godinama nakon njegove smrti, postala je jasna velčina Džonsonovog dugotrajnog uticaja na književnu kritiku, a prema nekima on jedini zaista veliki kritičar engleske književnosti.[8]
Napomene
[уреди | уреди извор]Reference
[уреди | уреди извор]- ^ Meyers 2008, стр. 2
- ^ Rogers, Pat (2006), „Johnson, Samuel (1709–1784)”, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online изд.), Oxford University Press, Приступљено 25. 8. 2008
- ^ Bate 1977, стр. xix
- ^ Bate 1977, стр. 240
- ^ Lynch 2003, стр. 1
- ^ Meyers 2008, стр. 29
- ^ Murray 1979 and Stern, Burza & Robertson 2005
- ^ Winters 1943, стр. 240
Literatura
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- Bate, Walter Jackson (1955), The Achievement of Samuel Johnson, Oxford: Oxford University Press, OCLC 355413.
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- Bloom, Harold (1995), The Western Canon, London: Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-333-64813-1.
- Boswell, James (1969), Waingrow, Marshall, ур., Correspondence and Other Papers of James Boswell Relating to the Making of the Life of Johnson, New York: McGraw-Hill, OCLC 59269.
- Boswell, James (1986), Hibbert, Christopher, ур., The Life of Samuel Johnson, New York: Penguin Classics, ISBN 978-0-14-043116-2.
- Clarke, Norma (2000), Dr Johnson's Women, London: Hambledon, ISBN 978-1-85285-254-2.
- Clingham, Greg (1997), „Life and literature in the Lives”, Ур.: Clingham, Greg, The Cambridge companion to Samuel Johnson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, стр. 161—191, ISBN 978-0-521-55625-5
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- DeMaria, Robert, Jr. (1994), The Life of Samuel Johnson, Oxford: Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-55786-664-6.
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- Greene, Donald (2000), „Introduction”, Ур.: Greene, Donald, Political Writings, Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, ISBN 978-0-86597-275-9.
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- Hibbert, Christopher (1971), The Personal History of Samuel Johnson, New York: Harper & Row, ISBN 978-0-06-011879-2.
- Hitchings, Henry (2005), Dr Johnson's Dictionary: The Extraordinary Story of the Book that Defined the World, London: John Murray, ISBN 978-0-7195-6631-8.
- Hill, G. Birkbeck, ур. (1897), Johnsonian Miscellanies, London: Oxford Clarendon Press, OCLC 61906024.
- Hopewell, Sydney (1950), The Book of Bosworth School, 1320–1920, Leicester: W. Thornley & Son, OCLC 6808364.
- Johnson, Samuel (1970), Chapman, R. W., ур., Johnson's Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland and Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-281072-4.
- Keymer, Thomas (1999), „Johnson, Madness, and Smart”, Ур.: Hawes, Clement, Christopher Smart and the Enlightenment, New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-21369-5.
- Lane, Margaret (1975), Samuel Johnson & his World, New York: Harper & Row Publishers, ISBN 978-0-06-012496-0.
- Lynch, Jack (2003), „Introduction to this Edition”, Ур.: Lynch, Jack, Samuel Johnson's Dictionary, New York: Walker & Co, стр. 1—21, ISBN 978-0-8027-1421-3.
- Lynn, Steven (1997), „Johnson's critical reception”, Ур.: Clingham, Greg, Cambridge Companion to Samuel Johnson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-55625-5
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- Meyers, J (2008), Samuel Johnson: The Struggle, Basic Books, A Member of the Perseus Books Group, ISBN 978-0-465-04571-6
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- Needham, John (1982), The Completest Mode, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 978-0-85224-387-9.
- Pearce, JMS (jul 1994), „Doctor Samuel Johnson: 'the Great Convulsionary' a victim of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome”, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 87 (7): 396—399, PMC 1294650
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|date=(помоћ). - Sacks, Oliver (19—26 December 1992), „Tourette's syndrome and creativity”, British Medical Journal, 305 (6868): 1515—16, PMC 1884721
|date=(помоћ). - Stephen, Leslie (1898), „Johnsoniana”, Studies of a Biographer, 1, London: Duckworth and Co., стр. 105—146
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Spoljašnje veze
[уреди | уреди извор]
- Samuel Johnson at the Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)
- Samuel Johnson and Hodge his Cat
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту Пројекат Гутенберг (језик: енглески)
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту Internet Archive (језик: енглески)
- Dr Johnson на сајту Internet Archive (језик: енглески)
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту LibriVox (језик: енглески)
- Full text of Johnson's essays arranged chronologically
- BBC Radio 4 audio programs:In Our Time and Great Lives
- A Monument More Durable Than Brass: The Donald and Mary Hyde Collection of Dr. Samuel Johnson – online exhibition from Houghton Library, Harvard University
- The Samuel Johnson Sound Bite Page, comprehensive collection of quotations
- Samuel Johnson at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Life of Johnson на пројекту Гутенберг by James Boswell, abridged by Charles Grosvenor Osgood in 1917 "... omitt[ing] most of Boswell's criticisms, comments and notes, all of Johnson's opinions in legal cases, most of the letters, ..."
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