WO2024221613A1

WO2024221613A1 - Monitoring and early warning apparatus and method for precursor information of water inrush in coal mine

Info

Publication number: WO2024221613A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/107480
Authority: WO
Inventors: 池明波; 周福宝; 关磊; 胡萍; 代闯闯
Original assignee: 中国安全生产科学研究院
Priority date: 2023-04-27
Filing date: 2023-07-14
Publication date: 2024-10-31
Also published as: CN116498389A; ZA202310048B

Abstract

A monitoring and early warning apparatus and method for precursor information of water inrush in a coal mine. The apparatus comprises: a monitoring probe system, a hole sealing system, a data processing and display system, and an external air supply and control system. Whether a precursor of water inrush is present in boreholes is determined according to data of a monitoring integrated apparatus, so that fracture development positions in an engineering body and whether the fractures are communicated with a water-containing body may be monitored in real time, thereby avoiding a large number of conventional repeated detection work such as multiple drilling detection and geophysical prospecting; the present invention involves a simple operation, has high applicability and high generalizability, and can be widely applied to water inrush monitoring of mine exploitation, reservoir dam bodies, tailing pond dam bodies, tunnels and the like.

Description

A coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of mine water inrush monitoring, and in particular to a coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device and method.

Background Art

Engineering water inrush (such as mine water inrush, tunnel water inrush, reservoir dam breach, etc.) can cause huge loss of life and property. Mine water inrush, as one of the five major disasters in mining, has always threatened mine safety production and is a major source of danger for mine casualties. Due to the complex effects and conditions of water inrush, many factors are not only difficult to determine, but also more difficult to perceive in advance. Therefore, how to conduct advanced and accurate detection is an important means of water prevention and control, and how to obtain water inrush precursor information based on detection is the key and core of water prevention and control.

In order to eliminate or reduce the losses caused by sudden water inrush, domestic and foreign experts and scholars have carried out a large number of scientific and technological research, formed prevention and control measures such as advanced detection, drainage and pressure reduction, and grouting curtains, and proposed advanced detection technology systems such as geophysical exploration and drilling, which have reduced the probability of sudden water inrush to a certain extent and reduced the number of sudden water inrush events during coal mine production. However, existing monitoring methods have certain limitations. For example, the detection results of geophysical exploration methods are instantaneous and cannot perceive the danger of sudden water inrush for a long time and continuously. Drilling methods need to be based on a large number of engineering monitoring methods, which increases the amount of engineering and capital investment, and still has defects such as inaccurate detection. In fact, when a sudden water inrush occurs, there will be a lot of precursory information that can be used, such as increased humidity in the coal wall, reduced temperature, increased roof pressure or bottom drum, etc. Based on this, this patent integrates multi-parameter monitoring technologies and principles such as optical monitoring, temperature monitoring, and graphic recognition, and comprehensively analyzes the precursor information of sudden water inrush, providing accurate monitoring methods and information for water control in water conservancy projects such as mines, tunnels, and reservoir dams, and underground projects.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a coal mine sudden water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device and method, which provides reliable precursor information for sudden water inrush disasters and ensures safe production of engineering activities such as mines and tunnels.

In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device, including: a monitoring probe system, a sealing system, a data processing and display system, an external gas supply and control system;

The monitoring probe system includes a heating device, a monitoring integrated device is provided at the front end of the heating device, and a drilling camera is provided at the front end of the heating device;

The sealing system includes a sealing device and a check valve; a pressure sensor is provided on the surface of the sealing device, and the sealing device is preset with three through holes, namely, a main hole, an exhaust hole and an air inlet hole, and the exhaust hole is connected to the check valve through a pipeline;

The external gas supply and control system includes a gas cylinder, which is connected to the gas inlet through a pipeline. The end of the pipeline close to the gas cylinder is provided with a main gas valve, a pressure and flow meter, and a gas distribution valve in sequence;

The data processing and display system includes a data integration and processing computer and a handheld display. The data integration and processing computer is connected to the monitoring probe system through a bus. The bus runs through the bus hole of the sealing system. The handheld display is connected to the data integration and processing computer signal.

Preferably, the monitoring integrated device comprises an infrared camera, a water molecule concentration monitor, a temperature monitor, an air pressure monitor, an H ₂ S concentration monitor, and a gas concentration monitor respectively connected to the bus; the monitoring integrated device is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the infrared camera, the water molecule concentration monitor, the temperature monitor, the air pressure monitor, the H ₂ S concentration monitor, and the gas concentration monitor are respectively arranged on one side of the hexagonal prism; the heating device is in the shape of a cylinder, and comprises a heating wire, a heat insulation layer, and a line channel from the outside to the inside, and the bus is placed in the line channel.

Preferably, the pore sealer is made of a water-swellable material.

The present invention also proposes a coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning method, comprising the following steps:

S1: Drill holes of different depths are arranged on the surface of the monitored object;

S2: A monitoring probe system is placed at the bottom of each borehole, and a sealing system of appropriate length is selected according to the depth of the borehole. The sealing system is prefabricated according to the length of the borehole and ensures that there is enough space for the monitoring probe system in the borehole;

S3: The borehole is sealed by the expansion of the sealer itself, and the stress sensor is ensured to be close to the inner wall of the borehole, and the pressure value F ₁ at this time is recorded;

S4: Check the sealing effect;

S5: Open the main gas valve, the gas distribution valve, and the check valve, and use a heating device to heat the borehole, so that the liquid water in the borehole becomes gaseous water and is discharged from the borehole through the check valve, until the water molecule concentration monitor displays 0, that is, it is ensured that all the water molecules in the borehole are discharged from the borehole; record the water molecule concentration at this time as the initial water molecule concentration _Ninitial ;

S6: Close the air distributor valve and the check valve. At this time, the values displayed by the air pressure monitor and the temperature monitor are recorded as the initial air pressure _{Pinitial 1} and the initial temperature Tinitial ₁ , respectively. The time ΔHinitial ₁ required for the air pressure to drop from the initial air pressure _{Pinitial 1} to the stable air pressure _{Pinitial 2} and the time ΔHinitial 2 required for the temperature to drop from the initial temperature _{Tinitial 1} to the stable temperature _Tinitial ₂ are recorded.

S7: When the temperature in the borehole drops to a stable temperature, the borehole is heated by a heating device to an initial temperature and the temperature at this time is recorded as _Ttest1 , _Ttest1 = _Tinitial1 ; at the same time, the air pressure is maintained at the initial air pressure and the air pressure at this time is recorded as _Ptest1 , _Ptest1 = _Pinitial1 ; the time required for the air pressure to drop to a stable air pressure and the temperature to drop to a stable temperature is recorded respectively as _ΔHtest1 and _ΔHtest2 ;

S8: Repeat step S7 and simultaneously record the data of the monitoring integrated device; determine whether there is a sign of sudden water inrush in the borehole based on the data of the monitoring integrated device.

Preferably, whether a sudden water inrush precursor occurs is determined based on the following:

If any one or more of the following conditions occur, it is considered a precursor to sudden water inrush:

Pressure drop coefficient The initial pressure drop coefficient By comparison, the coefficient of variation of sudden water pressure is obtained. When K _P < K _P *, K _P * is the preset critical inrush water pressure change coefficient, indicating that cracks have occurred; the temperature drop coefficient Temperature drop coefficient at the initial stage By comparison, the temperature variation coefficient of the sudden water is obtained. When the coefficient K _T <K _T *, K _T * is the preset critical sudden water temperature change coefficient, it proves that the temperature has dropped suddenly; if cracks are generated and the temperature drops suddenly, it is determined that the precursor of sudden water surge has occurred;

When the real-time measured water molecule concentration _Nmeasured is greater than the initial water molecule concentration _Ninitial , there is a crack between the borehole and the water body, which is a precursor to sudden water inrush.

When H ₂ S gas is detected, there is old empty water near the monitoring location, which is a precursor to sudden water inrush;

When pressure increase or abnormal infrared signal is detected, it is judged as a precursor to sudden water surge.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention can more accurately perceive the basic information before the sudden water burst occurs by integrating the sudden water pressure variation coefficient, the sudden water temperature variation coefficient, the water molecule concentration, the _H2S gas concentration, the pressure, and the infrared signal. It can monitor the development position of the internal fissure of the engineering body and whether it is connected to the water body in real time, avoiding a large number of repeated detection work such as multiple drilling detection and geophysical exploration. The invention is simple to operate, has strong applicability and scalability, and can be widely used in sudden water burst monitoring in mining, reservoir dams, tailings pond dams, tunnels, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 along the A-A direction.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 along the B-B direction.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 along the C-C direction.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the on-site layout of the coal mine sudden water precursor information monitoring and early warning device.

In the figure: 1-monitoring integrated device; 1.1-infrared camera, 1.2-water molecule concentration monitor, 1.3-temperature monitor, 1.4-gas pressure monitor, 1.5- _H2S concentration monitor, 1.6-gas concentration monitor; 2-drilling camera; 3-heating device; 3.1-heating wire, 3.2-insulation layer, 3.3-line channel; 4-bus hole; 5-hole sealer; 6-exhaust hole; 7-check valve; 8-inlet hole; 9-gas distributor valve; 10-pressure and flow meter; 11-main gas valve; 12-gas cylinder; 13.1-data integration and processing computer; 13.2-handheld display; 14-bus; 15-pressure sensor; 16-monitored object; 17-drilling hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device, comprising: a monitoring probe system, a sealing system, a data processing and display system, an external gas supply and control system;

The monitoring probe system includes a heating device 3, a monitoring integrated device 1 is sleeved at the front end of the heating device 3, and a drilling camera 2 is arranged at the front end of the heating device 3; the drilling camera 2 is located at the front end of the monitoring integrated device 1;

The sealing system includes a sealing device 5 and a check valve 7; the sealing device 5 is made of a water-expandable material; a pressure sensor 15 is provided on the surface of the sealing device 5, and the sealing device 5 is preset with three through holes, namely, a main hole 4, an exhaust hole 6 and an air inlet 8, and the exhaust hole 6 is connected to the check valve 7 through a pipeline;

The external gas supply and control system includes a gas cylinder 12, which is connected to the gas inlet 8 through a pipeline. The end of the pipeline close to the gas cylinder 12 is provided with a main gas valve 11, a pressure and flow meter 10, and a gas distribution valve 9 in sequence;

The data processing and display system includes a data integration and processing computer 13.1 and a handheld display 13.2. The data integration and processing computer 13.1 is connected to the monitoring probe system via a bus 14. The bus 14 runs through the bus hole 4 of the sealing system. The handheld display 13.2 is signal-connected to the data integration and processing computer 13.1.

The monitoring integrated device 1 comprises an infrared camera 1.1, a water molecule concentration monitor 1.2, a temperature monitor 1.3, an air pressure monitor 1.4, an H ₂ S concentration monitor 1.5, and a gas concentration monitor 1.6, which are respectively connected to a bus 14. The monitoring integrated device 1 is in the shape of a hexagonal prism. The infrared camera 1.1, the water molecule concentration monitor 1.2, the temperature monitor 1.3, the air pressure monitor 1.4, the H ₂ S concentration monitor 1.5, and the gas concentration monitor 1.6 are respectively arranged on one side of the hexagonal prism; the heating device 3 is in the shape of a cylinder, and comprises a heating wire 3.1, a heat insulating layer 3.2, and a line channel 3.3 from the outside to the inside, and the bus 14 is arranged in the line channel 3.3.

The present invention also provides a coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning method, comprising the following steps:

S1: Arrange drill holes 17 of different depths on the surface of the monitored object 16;

S2: A monitoring probe system is placed at the bottom of each borehole 17, and a sealing system of appropriate length is selected according to the depth of the borehole 17. The sealing system is prefabricated according to the length of the borehole 17 and ensures that there is enough space for the monitoring probe system in the borehole 17;

S3: The borehole 17 is sealed by the expansion of the hole sealer 5, and the stress sensor 15 is ensured to be in close contact with the inner wall of the borehole 17, and the pressure value F ₁ at this time is recorded;

S4: Check the sealing effect; open the main air valve 11 and the air valve 9, and check the drilling sealing effect through the changes of pressure and flow meter 10 Whether the closure effect is good;

S5: Open the main gas valve 11, the gas distribution valve 9, and the check valve 7, and use the heating device 3 to heat the borehole to 30-50°C, so that the liquid water in the borehole becomes gaseous water and is discharged from the borehole 17 through the check valve 7, until the water molecule concentration monitor 1.2 displays 0, that is, it is ensured that all the water molecules in the borehole 17 are discharged from the borehole 17; record the water molecule concentration at this time as the initial water molecule concentration N _initial ;

S6: Close the air distribution valve 9 and the check valve 7. At this time, the values displayed by the air pressure monitor 1.4 and the temperature monitor 1.3 are recorded as the initial air pressure _{Pinitial 1} and the initial temperature Tinitial ₁ _, respectively. The time ΔHinitial ₁ required for the air pressure to drop from the initial air pressure _{Pinitial 1} to the stable air pressure Pinitial 2 and the time ΔHinitial ₂ required for the temperature to drop from the initial temperature _{Tinitial 1} to the stable temperature Tinitial ₂ are recorded. The stable air pressure refers to the air pressure corresponding to the value of the air pressure monitor 1.4 no longer changes; the stable temperature refers to the temperature corresponding to the value of the temperature monitor 1.3 no longer changes.

S7: When the temperature in the borehole drops to a stable temperature, the borehole 17 is heated by the heating device 3 to the initial temperature and the temperature at this time is recorded as _Ttest1 , _Ttest1 = _Tinitial1 ; at the same time, the air pressure is maintained at the initial air pressure and the air pressure at this time is recorded as _Ptest1 , _Ptest1 = _Pinitial1 ; the time required for the air pressure to drop to a stable air pressure and the temperature to drop to a stable temperature is recorded respectively _{as ΔHtest1} and _ΔHtest2 ;

S8: Repeat step S7 and simultaneously record the data of the monitoring integrated device 1 ; determine whether there is a sign of sudden water inrush in the borehole 17 based on the data of the monitoring integrated device 1 .

The basis for judging whether there is a precursor of sudden water inrush is as follows:

If any one or more of the following situations occur, it is considered a precursor to sudden water inrush:

Pressure drop coefficient The initial pressure drop coefficient By comparison, the coefficient of variation of sudden water pressure is obtained. When K _P < K _P *, K _P * is the preset critical sudden water pressure change coefficient, indicating that cracks have occurred; the temperature drop coefficient Temperature drop coefficient at the initial stage By comparison, the temperature variation coefficient of the sudden water is obtained. When the coefficient K _T <K _T *, K _T * is the preset critical sudden water temperature change coefficient, it proves that the temperature has dropped suddenly; if cracks are generated and the temperature drops suddenly, it is determined that the precursor of sudden water surge has occurred;

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that it includes: a monitoring probe system, a sealing system, a data processing and display system, an external gas supply and control system;

The monitoring probe system comprises a heating device (3), a monitoring integrated device (1) is sleeved on the front end of the heating device (3), and a drilling camera (2) is arranged on the front end of the heating device (3);

The hole sealing system comprises a hole sealing device (5) and a check valve (7); a pressure sensor (15) is provided on the surface of the hole sealing device (5); the hole sealing device (5) is preset with three through holes, namely, a main hole (4), an exhaust hole (6) and an air inlet hole (8); the exhaust hole (6) is connected to the check valve (7) through a pipeline;

The external gas supply and control system comprises a gas cylinder (12), the gas cylinder (12) is connected to the gas inlet (8) through a pipeline, and one end of the pipeline close to the gas cylinder (12) is provided with a main gas valve (11), a pressure and flow meter (10), and a gas distribution valve (9) in sequence;

The data processing and display system comprises a data integration and processing computer (13.1) and a handheld display (13.2). The data integration and processing computer (13.1) is connected to the monitoring probe system via a bus (14). The bus (14) runs through the bus hole (4) of the sealing system. The handheld display (13.2) is connected to the data integration and processing computer (13.1) by signals.
The coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the monitoring integrated device (1) comprises an infrared camera (1.1), a water molecule concentration monitor (1.2), a temperature monitor (1.3), an air pressure monitor (1.4), an H2S concentration monitor (1.5), and a gas concentration monitor (1.6) which are respectively connected to the bus (14); the monitoring integrated device (1) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism; the infrared camera (1.1), the water molecule concentration monitor (1.2), the temperature monitor (1.3), the air pressure monitor (1.4), the H2S concentration monitor (1.5), and the gas concentration monitor (1.6) are respectively arranged on one side of the hexagonal prism; the heating device (3) is in the shape of a cylinder, and comprises a heating wire (3.1), a heat insulation layer (3.2), and a line channel (3.3) from the outside to the inside; and the bus (14) is arranged in the line channel (3.3).
The coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hole sealer (5) is made of a water-swelling material.
A coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1: Arranging drill holes (17) of different depths on the surface of the monitored object (16);

S2: A monitoring probe system is placed at the bottom of each borehole (17), and a sealing system of appropriate length is selected according to the depth of the borehole (17). The sealing system is prefabricated according to the length of the borehole (17) and ensures that there is enough space for the monitoring probe system in the borehole (17);

S3: The borehole (17) is sealed by the expansion of the hole sealer (5), and the stress sensor (15) is ensured to be in close contact with the inner wall of the borehole (17), and the pressure value F1 at this time is recorded;

S4: Check the sealing effect;

S5: Open the main air valve (11), the air distribution valve (9), and the check valve (7), and use the heating device (3) to heat the inside of the borehole. The liquid water in the borehole is converted into gaseous water and discharged from the borehole (17) through the check valve (7) until the water molecule concentration monitor (1.2) displays 0, i.e., all the water molecules in the borehole (17) are ensured to be discharged from the borehole (17); the water molecule concentration at this time is recorded as the initial water molecule concentration N initial ;

S6: Close the air distribution valve (9) and the check valve (7). At this time, the values displayed by the air pressure monitor (1.4) and the temperature monitor (1.3) are recorded as the initial air pressure Pinitial 1 and the initial temperature Tinitial 1 , respectively. The time ΔHinitial 1 required for the air pressure to drop from the initial air pressure Pinitial 1 to the stable air pressure Pinitial 2 and the time ΔHinitial 2 required for the temperature to drop from the initial temperature Tinitial 1 to the stable temperature Tinitial 2 are recorded.

S7: When the temperature in the borehole drops to a stable temperature, the borehole (17) is heated by the heating device (3) to an initial temperature and the temperature at this time is recorded as Ttest1 , Ttest1 = Tinitial1 ; at the same time, the air pressure is maintained at the initial air pressure and the air pressure at this time is recorded as Ptest1 , Ptest1 = Pinitial1 ; the time required for the air pressure to drop to a stable air pressure and the temperature to drop to a stable temperature ΔHtest1 , ΔHtest2 is recorded respectively;

S8: Repeat step S7 and simultaneously record the data of the monitoring integrated device (1); determine whether there is a precursor of sudden water inrush in the borehole (17) based on the data of the monitoring integrated device (1).
The coal mine water inrush precursor information monitoring and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that whether a water inrush precursor occurs is determined based on the following:

If any one or more of the following situations occur, it is considered a precursor to sudden water inrush:

Pressure drop coefficient The initial pressure drop coefficient By comparison, the coefficient of variation of sudden water pressure is obtained. When K P < K P *, K P * is the preset critical sudden water pressure change coefficient, indicating that cracks have occurred; the temperature drop coefficient The initial temperature drop coefficient By comparison, the temperature variation coefficient of the sudden water is obtained. When the coefficient K T <K T *, K T * is the preset critical sudden water temperature change coefficient, it proves that the temperature has dropped suddenly; if cracks are generated and the temperature drops suddenly, it is determined that the precursor of sudden water surge has occurred;

When the real-time measured water molecule concentration Nmeasured is greater than the initial water molecule concentration Ninitial , there is a crack between the borehole and the water body, which is a precursor to sudden water inrush.

When H 2 S gas is detected, there is old empty water near the monitoring location, which is considered a precursor to sudden water inrush;

When pressure increase or abnormal infrared signal is detected, it is judged as a precursor to sudden water surge.