WO2024215031A1

WO2024215031A1 - System for managing electric vehicle charging power on basis of demand response, and method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2024215031A1
Application number: PCT/KR2024/004666
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김원국; 김시호; 박도선; 신진교
Original assignee: 주식회사 포드림
Priority date: 2023-04-11
Filing date: 2024-04-08
Publication date: 2024-10-17
Also published as: KR102651936B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for managing electric vehicle (EV) charging power on the basis of demand response (DR), and a method therefor, the system providing compensation to a DR subscriber if participating in DR execution according to a reliable DR issuance. The system for managing charging power, of the present invention, comprises: a system server for transmitting a DR issuance and distributing a DR compensation if a DR contractor participates in DR execution, when the DR issuance is received; a plurality of electric vehicles (EV) in which DR modules and DR control devices for receiving the DR issuance and transmitting DR verification data to the system server if DR charging for a battery is complete are provided; a plurality of DR contractor terminals for receiving DR navigation together with the DR issuance from the system server, wherein the DR contractor enters into the DR contract with a DR business operator operating the system server, and provides the DR module and the DR control device in the electric vehicle (EV) thereof.

Description

Demand response-based electric vehicle charging power management system and method thereof

The present invention relates to a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method thereof, and more particularly, to a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method thereof capable of stabilizing a power grid by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) when they participate in DR execution when charging a battery of an EV having a demand response (DR) module and a DR control device installed therein according to a reliable DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs.

Since our country's power grid is closed and renewable energy can only be supplied intermittently, in a situation where electric vehicles (EVs) are increasing exponentially, there is no choice but to stabilize the power grid by applying demand response (DR).

As of 2019, it has a maximum power supply capacity of 90 GW, and it will take about 15 years to increase it to 117 GW due to factors such as depletion of construction sites for power plants, reluctance of local residents to accept power supply facilities, growing public concern over the safety of nuclear power plants, and strengthening of environmental regulations such as CO2.

Electric vehicles (EVs) drive an average of 40 km per day and consume 8 kWh of electricity per day. However, the number of EVs is expected to increase to 4.5 million by 2030, and an additional 36 GWh/day of electricity will be consumed for EV charging, which is expected to rapidly increase the demand for expanded electricity supply capacity. However, the additional construction of power plants is not keeping up with the increase in demand. Therefore, it is realistically impossible to respond to the demand for EV charging power supply, and demand response (DR)-based EV charging power management that can limit the increased EV charging demand is required.

In the past, the loads of heating and cooling air conditioning equipment, refrigerators, lighting, pumps, and emergency generators installed in each general building, production equipment, lighting, and pumps installed in industrial facilities, and lighting and pumps installed in apartment complexes were identified, and priority energy-saving targets were organized, and power cut-off control was implemented during peak power situations.

Smart grid refers to an 'intelligent power grid' that optimizes energy efficiency by combining IT technology with the existing one-way power grid consisting of 'generation-transmission, distribution-sale' stages, allowing power suppliers and consumers to exchange real-time information in both directions. The basic concept is to connect power plants, transmission and distribution facilities, and power consumers through an information and communications network, and to have the entire power system operate efficiently as one through two-way sharing of information.

Countries around the world are accelerating the construction of smart grids to utilize limited energy resources more efficiently by sharing energy and information about it two-way between energy suppliers and energy consumers. Through the active two-way power management of smart grids, the existing simple supply-oriented energy policy is being transformed into an energy demand management policy.

In terms of energy demand management, stabilizing power supply and demand is the most important issue, and the concept of demand response (DR) was introduced to reduce overall energy loss by using energy more efficiently.

Demand response (DR) refers to energy consumers changing their energy usage levels from their normal consumption patterns in response to various incentives. To induce this demand response, various policies are being proposed, such as providing incentives for reducing energy consumption or differentially charging electricity rates by time zone.

In particular, demand response (DR) is applied as reliability DR corresponding to the expansion of power generation capacity on the supply side for the purpose of securing grid reliability by transferring or suppressing peak loads in times of energy supply and demand emergency, and is also applied as economic DR to reduce demand during times when electricity market prices are very high, thereby replacing generators with relatively expensive fuel costs and reducing overall energy production costs.

In the past, various programs were implemented to manage load through demand response (DR) markets, such as by opening demand response (DR) markets at Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) and Korea Power Exchange (KPX), publicizing demand response (DR) events in the DR market, and bidding on demand response (DR) events with the amount of energy reduction through load management.

In order to further activate the demand response (DR) market and increase overall energy efficiency, it is necessary to explore resources in the demand response (DR) market. Electric vehicles (EVs), which are currently being distributed at a rapid pace, require charging for their operation. As the number of EVs distributed increases in the future, the charging power of all EVs is expected to account for a large portion in terms of load management. Therefore, an effective load management plan for the charging power of EVs is needed, and a plan to reflect this as a resource in the demand response (DR) market is also needed.

In particular, electric vehicles (EVs) are not charged at fixed locations or at fixed times, but rather at various locations such as homes, office buildings, and charging stations on the road at the necessary times depending on the driving situation. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is not easy to induce demand response (DR) by converting the charging power usage of the dynamic mobile load into a consumption pattern for energy usage in static locations.

Considering these conventional problems, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2277853 (Patent Document 1) proposes a method to manage charging power for charging mobile loads such as electric vehicles, which are being distributed at a rapid pace, as a resource for the demand response (DR) market by incorporating it into a load management resource.

In particular, Patent Document 1 solves the problem that it is not easy to induce demand response (DR) by converting the charging power usage of such dynamic mobile loads, such as electric vehicles, into a consumption pattern for energy usage in static locations, since charging of mobile loads, such as electric vehicles, is not performed at a fixed time in a fixed location, but is performed at various non-fixed locations, such as homes, office buildings, and charging stations on the road, depending on the situation during operation.

The method for managing a mobile load of the above patent document 1 is such that a load management server (DRMS) acquires charging information according to charging performance of a mobile load that operates by charging power provided from a power supply source and using this as a driving energy source, and then the load management server reflects the power usage based on the charging information to a user account corresponding to the mobile load to calculate the user power usage for the user account, and calculates the customer reference load (CBL) for the user account based on the user power usage.

However, although patent document 1 effectively identifies power demand by calculating the user power usage and customer reference load (CBL) of mobile load, there is a problem in that management cannot be performed during peak power situations.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1602895 (Patent Document 2) proposes a demand response service system based on distributed ESS that can manage power peaks by utilizing renewable energy and small- and medium-capacity ESS of users as demand response (DR) resources while presenting a specific business model to achieve power peak distribution effect for each user and grouped users, thereby optimizing demand response (DR) service and effectively operating ESS of each user.

Furthermore, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0041265 (Patent Document 3) discloses a demand response guide provision system that provides customized DR guide information optimized for electricity consumers based on the user's DR tendencies, electricity usage target budget, and inconvenience values, thereby attracting electricity consumers' interest in DR participation and providing effective DR guides to consumers who are active in DR participation or for whom DR participation is essential, thereby increasing the DR participation rate of consumers compared to conventional DR.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2021604 (Patent Document 4) discloses a fast demand response resource operation system that responds to the drop/recovery of grid frequency in fast demand response by blocking/injecting fast demand response load resources in stages, thereby dynamically responding to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy, and dynamically adjusting the grid frequency by operating fast demand response resources according to the grid frequency stage, thereby enabling stable power to be used in the entire grid.

Meanwhile, it is predicted that an increase in renewable energy will be inevitable as the transition to carbon neutrality occurs worldwide.

In the case of Jeju Island, after the introduction of renewable energy centered on wind power in 2015, wind power output control occurred because the demand for electricity was lower at night than during the day, and then solar power was introduced, resulting in output control during the day as well. In 2020, output restrictions increased 77 times in Jeju Island, making the acceptance limit of renewable energy even more restrictive.

The government is introducing the Plus (+) DR system to Jeju Island first to reduce the output control situation of large-scale wind power generation facilities due to oversupply of electricity.

Plus (+) DR is a system that increases customers' electricity usage at specific times to balance supply and demand and compensates participating customers when power supply exceeds demand due to an increase in renewable energy generation to stabilize the power system.

The present invention has been conceived in consideration of such conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method capable of stabilizing the power grid by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) when charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) having a demand response (DR) module and a DR control device installed inside according to a reliability DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs, if the EV participates in DR execution.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method thereof, which can stabilize the power grid by compensating a DR charging station operator when the DR execution is participated in according to the charging control of a DR charging control station when charging the battery of an EV using a DR charger having a DR module and a DR control device installed according to a reliability DR command.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method thereof, which can stabilize the power grid by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) when they participate in DR execution according to a reliable DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs, when a DR subscriber charges an EV battery at a desired location using a portable DR charging device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method thereof, which can stabilize the power grid by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) when they participate in DR execution according to a reliable DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs, when charging the battery of an EV using a public DR charging device installed in an apartment complex.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based EV charging power management system and method for stabilizing the power grid by transferring the power demand to a time when renewable energy generation increases and suppressing power demand during peak load by charging the battery of an EV using an EV equipped with a DR module and a DR control device, a DR charger equipped with a DR module and a DR control device, or a public DR charging device or a portable DR charging device installed in an apartment complex, when a plus (+) DR is issued for power grid stabilization due to an increase in renewable energy generation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method that can induce charging demand to areas with low charging loads or areas with many unloaded chargers by region and time zone using DR navigation built using big data.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system and method capable of handling both reliable DR and plus (+) DR.

In order to achieve the above object, a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a system server which, when receiving a demand response (DR) order issued from the Korea Power Exchange, transmits a DR order to a DR contractor terminal of a DR contractor and, when the DR contractor participates in DR execution by DR charging a battery of an EV in which a DR module and a DR control device are installed, distributes DR compensation paid by the Korea Power Exchange to the DR contractor; a plurality of electric vehicles (EVs) equipped with a battery to be DR-charged using a charger and having a DR module and a DR control device installed thereon, which receive a DR order from the system server and, when DR charging of the battery is completed, transmit DR verification data to the system server; and a plurality of DR contractor terminals for receiving DR orders from the system server, wherein the DR contractor enters into a DR contract with a DR business operator operating the system server and installs a DR module and a DR control device in its electric vehicles (EVs).

If the above DR issuance is a reliability DR, the DR contractor may choose between a DR recharge and a general recharge subject to a penalty fee.

In addition, the DR charging may be one of deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance end time, limited charging in which the charging capacity or charging voltage of the electric vehicle (EV) battery is limited, and charging stop of an electric vehicle (EV) battery that has been charged beyond a preset capacity.

Furthermore, when DR charging for the battery is completed, the DR module transmits DR verification data to the system server, and the DR verification data may include a contractor ID, an electric vehicle ID, a charging location, and charging history data.

In addition, in the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention, if a user proceeds with a DR contract and installs a DR module and a DR control device in the DR contractor's own EV, the DR contractor is eligible for compensation by the basic rate and the execution rate if he or she carries out DR charging, and may be eligible for compensation by the basic rate even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued. As described above, compensating for the basic rate even if an EV with a DR module and a DR control device installed is not in operation is to prevent unnecessary charging at a charging station in order to create DR charging history data.

The above DR contractor terminal downloads and installs an app (APP) required to receive various guidance from the system server and guidance service text messages according to DR issuance, and the user interface displayed upon operation of the app (APP) includes a DR navigation menu, and when the DR navigation menu is selected, a DR navigation that provides a pop-up window on a map that provides the address of a DR charging station where DR charging is possible and a DR charging table can be displayed.

In this case, the user interface further includes a DR data menu, and when performing the DR charging, selecting the DR data menu may display DR verification data according to the DR charging.

In addition, the DR navigation provides map information indicating DR charging stations with DR chargers capable of DR charging installed, and when a user designates one of multiple DR charging stations displayed on the map, a pop-up window providing the address of the DR charging station currently selected and the DR charging table may be provided.

The demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention further includes a DR charging station having a DR charger capable of selecting one of DR charging and normal charging for a battery of an EV when a DR command is received from the system server, wherein the DR business operator enters into a DR contract with a DR charger business operator who operates the DR charging station and installs a DR module and a DR control device in the DR charger, and the DR module can transmit DR verification data to the system server when DR charging is performed.

In addition, if the DR charger operator proceeds with a DR contract and installs a DR module and a DR control device in the charger, if the DR charger operator participates in DR charging, it is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution fee, and even if it does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued, it may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate, but a penalty may be imposed if general charging is performed using a DR charger with a DR module and DR control device installed.

In addition, the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention further includes a DR charging control station that provides a charging control service for the DR charging station, and when the DR charging control station receives a DR command from the system server, it can remotely control the charging cutoff of a DR charger in which the DR module and the DR control device are installed.

The above DR charger may include: a charger for charging a battery (BAT) of the electric vehicle (EV); a communication module capable of wirelessly communicating with the system server; and a DR module for performing DR charging according to a selection of an EV user when a DR command is received from the system server through a communication device and transmitting DR verification data to the system server when DR charging is completed; and a DR control device for controlling DR charging of the DR charger according to the control of the DR module.

The above DR control device may include a power cut-off module for stopping charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery that has been charged above a preset capacity; a delayed charging module for postponing charging by delaying the charging time to a time after a DR issuance termination time; and a limit charging module for limiting the maximum charging capacity or charging voltage of the electric vehicle (EV) battery.

Furthermore, in the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention, DR charging, in which charging is restricted according to a DR command issued from the system server, may be any one of deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR command termination time, maximum charge amount limited charging in which slow charging with a low voltage is performed instead of rapid charging with a high voltage of the battery or a standard for the maximum charge amount of the battery is lowered, and charging stop of an EV battery that has been charged beyond a preset capacity.

If a DR command is issued from the above system server, a penalty may be imposed on the DR charger operator if normal charging is performed using the DR charger instead of charging the battery or if charging is blocked.

In addition, if a user who is not a DR subscriber visits a DR charging station and participates in DR charging when a DR is issued, he or she may be eligible for the discount rate service provided by the DR charging station.

In addition, the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention further includes a public DR charging device installed in an apartment complex and having a DR module that receives a DR command by communication with the system server and transmits DR verification data to the system server when DR charging of the battery of the EV is completed, and a user of the EV can enter into a DR contract with a DR business operator that operates the system server.

In this case, a DR contract holder who resides in an apartment complex where the above public DR charging device is installed and has entered into a DR contract is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution fee if he or she participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, and may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued.

Furthermore, the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the present invention further includes a portable DR charging device having a DR module that is coupled to a charger and is used and receives a DR command by communication with the system server and transmits DR verification data to the system server when DR charging of a battery of the EV is completed, and a user of the EV can enter into a DR contract with a DR business operator that operates the system server.

In this case, a DR contractor who has entered into a DR contract and owns the portable DR charging device is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution rate if he or she participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, and may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued.

In addition, if a user has entered into a DR contract but has not installed a DR module in the DR contract holder's own electric vehicle (EV), he or she is eligible for compensation based on the execution fee if he or she visits the DR charging station and participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, but is not eligible for compensation if he or she does not participate in DR charging.

If the above DR issuance is a plus (+) DR, the DR contractor may perform additional battery charging considering the current charge level of the battery.

Additionally, the above DR issuance may be either a reliability DR that occurs to suppress power usage during a power peak situation where power demand exceeds power supply, or a plus (+) DR that occurs to encourage power usage when power supply exceeds power demand.

The method for managing charging power of an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response according to the present invention comprises the steps of: when a demand response (DR) order is transmitted from the Korea Power Exchange to a system server of a DR business operator due to prediction of occurrence of a peak power situation, the system server transmitting the DR order to a DR contract terminal of a DR contract terminal; when the DR order is received by the DR contract terminal, the DR contract terminal participates in DR execution by DR charging a battery of an electric vehicle (EV) in which a DR module and a DR control device are installed; when the DR charging of the battery is completed, transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server; when the system server receives the DR verification data, transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange; transmitting DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; And in response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR contractee through the DR contractee terminal.

In addition, a method for managing charging power of an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response according to the present invention comprises the steps of: when a demand response (DR) order is transmitted from the Korea Power Exchange to a system server of a DR business operator when the occurrence of a peak power situation is predicted, the system server transmitting the DR order to a DR contract terminal of a DR contract terminal; when the DR order is received by the DR contract terminal, the DR contract terminal participates in DR execution by DR charging a battery of an electric vehicle (EV) using a portable DR charging device having a DR module and a DR control device; when the DR charging of the battery is completed, transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server; when the system server receives the DR verification data, transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange; transmitting DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; And in response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR contractee through the DR contractee terminal.

The above system server may further include a step of transmitting DR navigation together with the DR command to the DR contractor terminal of the DR contractor.

In addition, if the DR issuance is a reliability DR, the DR contractor selects one of the general charging with penalty charges and the DR charging with restrictions on charging, and the DR charging may be any one of the following: deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance termination time, maximum charge amount limited charging in which slow charging with low voltage is performed instead of high voltage rapid charging of the battery or the standard for the maximum charge amount of the battery is lowered, and charge stop in which charging is blocked according to preset conditions.

Furthermore, the above DR contractor is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution rate if he/she participates in DR charging, and may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he/she does not participate in DR charging when the above DR is issued.

In this case, the DR business operator may be an electric vehicle manufacturing company that executes a DR contract at the same time as the sales contract for the new electric vehicle (EV) and sells the new electric vehicle (EV) by installing a DR module and DR control device in the new EV, or may be a business operator that operates the electric vehicle.

The method for managing charging power of an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response according to the present invention comprises the steps of: when a demand response (DR) order is transmitted from the Korea Power Exchange to a system server of a DR business operator due to a prediction of occurrence of a peak power situation, the system server transmitting the DR order to a DR contract terminal of a DR contract terminal of a DR contract terminal residing in an apartment complex; when the DR order is received by the DR contract terminal, the DR contract terminal participates in DR execution by charging a battery of an electric vehicle (EV) using a public DR charging device installed in the apartment complex; when the DR charging of the battery is completed, transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server; when the system server receives the DR verification data, transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange; transmitting a DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; And in response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR contractee through the DR contractee terminal.

In this case, the DR contractor may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution fee if he/she participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, and may be eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he/she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued.

In addition, a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: when a demand response (DR) order is issued from the Korea Power Exchange when the occurrence of a power peak situation is predicted and the DR order is transmitted to the system server of a DR business operator, the system server transmitting the DR order to a DR charger having a DR module and a DR control device of a DR charger business operator and a DR charging control station providing a charging control service for the DR charger; when the DR charging control station receives the DR order from the system server, remotely controlling one of DR charging in which charging blocking and limited charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery by the DR charger are performed; when the charging blocking and DR charging of the electric vehicle (EV) battery by the DR charger are completed, transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server; when the system server receives the DR verification data, transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange; transmitting DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; And in response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR contractee through the DR contractee terminal.

In this case, if the DR issuance is a reliability DR, one of the following is performed: a general charge subject to a penalty fee and a DR charge with a limitation on charging. The DR charge with a limitation on charging may be one of the following: a deferred charge in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance termination time, a low-voltage slow charge instead of a high-voltage rapid charge of the battery, a maximum charge amount limitation charge in which the standard for the maximum charge amount of the battery is lowered, and a charge stop in which charging is blocked according to preset conditions.

If the above DR issuance is a reliability DR, a penalty may be imposed on the DR charger operator if normal charging is performed using the DR charger instead of the battery charging block and DR charging.

As described above, in the present invention, when charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) having a demand response (DR) module and a DR control device installed inside according to a reliability DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs, the power grid can be stabilized by providing compensation to participating customers (DR subscribers) if they participate in DR execution.

In addition, in the present invention, when charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) using a DR charger equipped with a DR module and a DR control device according to a reliability DR command, the power grid can be stabilized by compensating the DR charging station operator if the operator participates in the DR execution according to the charging control of the DR charging control station.

In addition, in the present invention, when a DR subscriber charges an electric vehicle (EV) battery at a location desired by the DR subscriber using a portable DR charging device, the power grid can be stabilized by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) in cases where they participate in DR execution according to a reliable DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) using a public DR charging device installed in an apartment complex, the power grid can be stabilized by compensating participating customers (DR subscribers) in cases where they participate in DR execution according to a reliable DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs.

In addition, in the present invention, when a plus (+) DR is issued for power grid stabilization when power supply exceeds power demand due to an increase in renewable energy generation, the power grid can be stabilized by transferring the power demand to a time when renewable energy generation increases and suppressing power demand during peak load by charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) using a DR module and a DR control device installed, a DR charger having a DR module and a DR control device installed, or a public DR charging device or a portable DR charging device installed in an apartment complex.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when a reliability DR or plus (+) DR is issued, the DR navigation built using big data is used to induce charging demand to areas with low charging loads or areas with many unloaded chargers by region and time zone, and when the plus (+) DR execution is participated in, compensation can be provided to the DR charging station operator and participating customers (subscribers).

In the present invention, both reliability DR and plus (+) DR can be processed by a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic block diagrams showing a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, respectively.

Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the detailed configuration of a DR contractor terminal according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram showing the detailed configuration of an electric vehicle (EV) according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a DR charger according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the procedure from the DR issuance of a power exchange to the DR contract terminal among the charging power management methods of electric vehicles (EVs) based on demand response according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an execution procedure according to a reliability DR issuance among the charging power management methods of electric vehicles (EVs) based on demand response according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an execution procedure according to a plus DR command among the charging power management methods for electric vehicles (EVs) based on demand response according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a DR settlement procedure among the demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management methods according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 9A to 9I illustrate examples of types of data tables and data tables stored in a database of a system server according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is an example of a screen showing an issuance forecast according to a DR issuance from the Korea Power Exchange (KPX).

Figure 11 shows an example of a DR charging table according to a DR order.

Figure 12 is an example of a screen showing DR charging navigation provided to a DR contractor when a DR is issued.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

In this process, the size and shape of the components depicted in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. In addition, terms specifically defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user or operator. The definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

Demand response (DR) refers to energy consumers changing their energy usage levels from their usual consumption patterns in response to various incentives. To induce this demand response (DR), various policies are being proposed, such as providing incentives for reducing energy consumption or differentially charging electricity rates by time zone.

In particular, demand response (DR) is applied as reliability DR corresponding to the expansion of power generation capacity on the supply side for the purpose of securing grid reliability by transferring or suppressing peak loads in times of energy supply and demand emergency, and is also applied as economic DR to reduce demand during times when electricity market prices are very high, thereby replacing relatively expensive generators and reducing overall energy production costs.

Load management programs through demand response (DR) markets are being led by Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) and Korea Power Exchange (KPX).

Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO)'s load management program is a demand adjustment program with a designated period or weekly advance notice that prepares for the expected summer peak period, targeting vacations, maintenance schedule adjustments, and other demand that requires an appropriate period of time, with a relatively long advance notice period, such as 2 months or 5 to 1 day in advance.

The load management program of the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) operates a demand resource market or intelligent demand management program that targets demand that can be reduced by individual support or the total of load management business operators by 300 kW or more or 100 kW or more with a relatively short notice period, such as 1 day to 3 hours or 1 hour in advance, and load characteristics that can be applied immediately, such as electric vehicles (EVs), and pays a certain amount of subsidy to DR contract holders.

As mentioned above, Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), Korea Power Exchange (KPX), etc. have opened demand response (DR) markets and announced demand response (DR) events in the demand response (DR) markets. Various programs are being implemented in which energy reduction amounts through load management are bid on demand response (DR) events.

In order to further activate the demand response (DR) market and increase overall energy efficiency, it is necessary to explore resources in the demand response (DR) market. Electric vehicles (EVs), which are currently being distributed at a rapid pace, require charging for their operation. In addition, as the number of EVs distributed increases in the future, the charging power of all EVs is expected to account for a large portion in terms of load management. Therefore, an effective load management plan for the charging power of EVs is needed, and it is necessary to reflect this as a resource in the demand response (DR) market.

The Korea Power Exchange (KPX) is an organization dedicated to the operation of the Korean electricity market and power system. It is responsible for the fair and transparent operation of the electricity market, stable and efficient operation of the power system, real-time power supply operation, and establishment of basic power supply and demand plans.

As mentioned above, the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) is operating an intelligent demand management program targeting load management service providers, i.e. demand response (DR) service providers, with a very short notice period of 1 hour in advance in preparation for power peak situations and a total power reduction of 100 kW or more for demand that can be operated immediately based on load characteristics.

The above demand response (DR) business operator signs a contract with multiple participating customers (users) such as industrial companies, production facilities, etc., registers with the Korea Power Exchange (KPX), bids for reduction amounts every day, and wins the reduction bid. When the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) issues a reduction order, the demand response (DR) business operator requests reduction from participating customers (users), and when a settlement amount is paid from the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) based on the reduction amount calculation, the DR business operator distributes the settlement amount to participating customers (users).

Our country's demand resource trading market is largely comprised of the Korea Power Exchange (KPX), demand management companies, and participating customers (electricity users), and is operated by dividing it into peak reduction demand response (reliability DR) to prevent power outages and reduce maximum power consumption and rate reduction demand response (economic DR) to reduce power supply costs.

The above peak curtailment DR, or reliability DR, is an emergency replacement for expensive generators that are ordered to be operated when the supply and demand situation changes suddenly one hour before the curtailment, and the curtailment compensation is the base salary (capacity fee) + performance fee (highest variable cost).

The above participating customers (users) refer to large-scale electricity users (consumers) such as industrial companies and production facilities. Therefore, electric vehicles (EVs) that are currently being rapidly distributed and are being charged on a small scale do not fall under the above participating customers (users).

The present invention was devised based on the fact that although the charge capacity of individual electric vehicle (EV) batteries is small, the battery charging power of the entire electric vehicle (EV) requiring charging amounts to millions of units, requiring effective load management, and the great effect of limiting the charging power of charging stations in DR-issued areas on power reduction.

In the present invention, a demand response (DR)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system (1000) as illustrated in Fig. 1a is operated to perform a role as a demand response (DR) operator according to a demand management program operated by the Korea Power Exchange (KPX).

Referring to FIG. 1a, a demand response (DR)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system (1000) according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a Korea Power Exchange (KPX) (100), a system server (200), an administrator terminal (400), a DR contractor terminal (500), an electric vehicle (EV) (600), and a DR charger (701).

The electric vehicle (EV) (600) according to the present invention is applicable to all vehicles, including passenger cars, buses, forklifts, and trucks, regardless of the intended use, as long as the vehicle has a built-in battery (BAT) (630) composed of a rechargeable secondary battery and is driven using the battery.

First, the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) (100) is an organization in charge of the Korean power market and power system operation, and operates a demand management program for stable operation of the power system. In order to control power cuts during peak power situations, it transmits a DR order for a demand response (DR) contractor to the system server (200) of a demand response (DR) business operator, and when it receives DR verification data of an electric vehicle (EV) (600) and a DR charger (701) of a demand response (DR) contractor from the system server (200), it can provide compensation to the demand response (DR) contractor.

The above Korea Power Exchange (KPX) (100) has a database, and the database includes a DR issuance table (110) and a DR report data table (120).

The above DR issuance table (110) includes a DR time data table (112) that stores DR issuance forecast data and DR issuance data (i.e., DR issuance date, DR issuance start time, DR issuance end time data) and a DR scale data table (114) that stores DR issuance scale data.

The above DR report data table (120) stores DR business operator ID, event ID, modification number, event start time, event duration, reduction amount data, etc.

The above DR business operator can recruit demand response (DR) contractors who have accepted a contract to install a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in their electric vehicles (EVs) (600) and agree to charging control during the set date and time according to the DR order from the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) (100). In this case, the DR module (620) and the DR control device (650) can also be implemented as a single DR module device.

In this case, the DR contractor can access the homepage provided by the system server (200) of the charging power management system (1000) according to the present invention or download the DR contractor terminal APP and perform the user registration procedure.

In addition, the DR business operator can recruit a DR charger business operator who operates a DR charger (701) with a DR module (720) and a DR control device (740) installed in the charger, and the DR charger business operator can access the homepage of the system server (200) to perform a DR charger registration procedure for a DR charger (701) registered in DR or perform a registration procedure through a separate contract. In this case, the DR module (720) and the DR control device (740) can of course be implemented as a single DR module device.

In this case, the DR charger operator may have both a DR charger (701) with a DR module (720) installed in the charger and a general charger (702) without a DR module (720) installed separately at its DR charging station (700), so that users of electric vehicle chargers may choose between DR charging and general charging depending on their choice.

Furthermore, it is possible for the DR charger business operator or electric vehicle manufacturer to obtain DR business operator qualification by registering with the Korea Power Exchange (KPX) as a demand response (DR) business operator according to the demand management program operated by the Korea Power Exchange (KPX), and to perform the role as a DR business operator, and to use the charging power management system (1000) according to the present invention illustrated in FIG. 1a.

In this case, the DR charger business operator can install a DR module (720) and a DR control device (740) in a charger owned by the operator and perform a DR charger registration procedure for a DR charger (701) in which a DR module (720) is installed by accessing the homepage of the system server (200) or through a separate contract.

In addition, the DR charging station (700) that charges electricity to the battery (630) of the electric vehicle (EV) (600) is connected to a DR charging control station (management server) (760) that provides charging control services for multiple DR charging stations (700), similar to gas stations that charge fuel for internal combustion engine vehicles and gas station management companies that manage these gas stations.

In this case, when the DR charging control station (management server) (760) receives a DR command from the system server (200), it is also possible to remotely control the DR charger (701) in which the DR module (720) and the DR control device (740) are installed based on the total power that can be supplied by the DR charging control station (management server) (760).

The above DR charging control station (management server) (760) is generally equipped with a network that remotely manages metering and charging when electric charging is performed on a battery (630) of an electric vehicle (EV) (600) by multiple DR chargers (701) and chargers (702) installed in a DR charging station (700). In addition, the DR charging control station (management server) (760) can remotely control limited charging, delayed charging, and charging stop, etc., through a DR control device (740), as illustrated in FIG. 6, when DR charging is performed on a DR charger (701).

In addition, when an electric vehicle manufacturer that has acquired DR business qualification sells a new electric vehicle (EV), it may execute a DR contract with the purchaser at the same time as the sales contract for the new electric vehicle (EV), and if the purchaser agrees to the DR contract, it may sell the new electric vehicle (EV) (600) by installing a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650). In this case, the electric vehicle manufacturer or the user (car owner) may perform a user registration procedure by accessing the homepage provided by the system server (200) or through a separate contract.

In this case, electric vehicle manufacturers that have acquired DR business operator qualifications can also receive compensation by splitting the DR basic fee and DR execution fee between themselves and the users (car owners).

If a DR contractor participates in a DR issuance from the Korea Power Exchange (KPX), the basic settlement provided as compensation may be distributed between the DR operator and the DR contractor at a ratio of, for example, 5:95.

Meanwhile, when an electric vehicle manufacturer releases its first electric vehicle (EV), it sells an EV model with a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) installed in the vehicle's charging device, and the vehicle purchaser can select a DR contract as an option.

In this case, a business model can be configured in which an electric vehicle (EV) (600) with a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) installed participates in DR in a mandatory execution manner when a DR command is issued.

An electric vehicle manufacturing company that sells an electric vehicle (EV) (600) that has installed a DR module (620) and DR control device (650) of this type of mandatory execution method can also act as a DR business operator. In this case, the scale of subsidy support and linkage require local government ordinances and government policies.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when a user (owner) purchases an electric vehicle (EV) from an electric vehicle manufacturer or a used vehicle market, a DR contract with the owner is executed in accordance with the DR proposal of the electric vehicle manufacturer or the used vehicle market, and after installing a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the user (owner) can perform a user registration procedure by accessing the homepage provided by the system server (200) or through a separate contract.

In addition, a user using an electric vehicle (EV) without a DR contract can purchase a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) from a DR module manufacturer or retailer, install the DR module (620) and the DR control device (650) in his or her electric vehicle (EV), and perform a user registration procedure by accessing the homepage provided by the system server (200) or through a separate contract.

The above system server (200) is a system server (200) of a charging power management system (1000) operated by the demand response (DR) operator for DR management, and includes a communication device (210) and a processor (220) that executes a control program (222).

The above system server (200) can communicate with the Korea Power Exchange (100), a DR contract terminal (500), an electric vehicle (EV) (600) equipped with a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650), a DR charger (701) equipped with a DR module (720) and a DR control device (740), and a DR charging control center (760) via a wireless and/or wired communication network by a communication device (210).

The above processor (220) executes the control program (222) to perform the procedure according to the control flow illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8, and when a user (contractor) accesses the system server (200), it can provide a homepage so that the user (contractor) can perform a user registration procedure.

The database (300) provided in the above system server (200) has a DR data table (310) and a data table (320).

The above DR data table (310) stores DR-related data and includes a DR issuance data management table (327) and a DR verification data management table (328) illustrated in FIGS. 9g and 9h, respectively.

The above data table (320) stores various registration data required to manage a DR contractor terminal (500), an electric vehicle (EV) (600) having a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) installed, and a DR charger (701) having a DR module (720) and a DR control device (740) installed, and has a charging station management table (321), a charger management table (322), a charging history management table (323), an electric vehicle (EV) management table (324), a DR module management table (325), and a contractor management table (326) as shown in FIGS. 9a to 9f, respectively.

In this case, the data table (320) may further include a charger event management table, an electric vehicle event management table, a charger photo/electric vehicle photo management table, an environment setting management table, a DR navigation management table, a personal information registration table, a user (contractor) access history management table, etc., as needed.

Data entered according to the above user registration procedure is recorded in the general data table (320) of the database (300), and DR-related data is recorded in the DR data table (310).

Data related to DR issuance from the Korea Power Exchange (100) is recorded in the DR issuance data management table (327) of the DR data table (310) illustrated in FIG. 9g, and DR verification data input from an electric vehicle (EV) (600) having the DR module (620) and DR control device (650) installed and a DR charger (701) having the DR module (720) and DR control device (740) installed is recorded in the DR verification data management table (328) of the DR data table (310) illustrated in FIG. 9h.

The charging station management table (321) illustrated in Fig. 9a includes, for example, a sequence number, a charging station name, a charging station GPS latitude, a charging station GPS longitude, a charging station address, a charging station type, an available start time, an available end time, a change date, whether to delete, and a deletion date.

The charger management table (322) illustrated in FIG. 9b includes, for example, a sequence number, a charging station ID, a charger method, a charger input, a charger output, a charging speed, a paid/free, a charger manufacturing date and month, a charger IP address, a charger serial number, a charger manufacturer, a charger model name, a charger firmware version, a SIM card unique serial number, an international mobile subscription identifier, a charging station power supply type, a charging station power supply number, a charger status (0: not connected, 1: not available, 2: available, 3: in use), a charger status change date and time, a total amount of charge, a registration date, a change date, whether to delete, and a deletion date.

The charging history management table (323) illustrated in Fig. 9c includes, for example, a sequence number, a vehicle ID, a charger ID, a chassis number, a charging method, a charge amount before charging, a charge amount after charging, a SOC before charging, a SOC after charging, a charging start time, a charging end time, a charging time, whether to delete, and a deletion date.

The electric vehicle (EV) management table (324) illustrated in FIG. 9d includes, for example, a serial number, a vehicle name, a vehicle number, a chassis number, an owner, whether DR, a vehicle color, a manufacturing year and month, a purchase date, a charging method, a manufacturer, a model, a change date, whether to delete, and a deletion date.

The DR module management table (325) illustrated in FIG. 9e includes, for example, a sequence number, a DR module ID, a vehicle ID, a charger ID, a DR module IP address, a DR module serial number, a DR module model name, and a DR module firmware version.

The contractor management table (326) illustrated in FIG. 9f includes, for example, a sequence number, a user ID, a user password, a password SALT, a user name, a user authority, a user photo, a contact, a date of birth, an email, a gender, a registration date, a password change date, a login failure, whether approved, whether deleted, and a deletion date.

When storing information in a database, some information must be encrypted and stored. In particular, personal information such as passwords and biometric information must be encrypted by law.

In the above password SALT, Salt is a random value used to complement the vulnerability of one-way encryption algorithms when encrypting a password, and is hashed together with the password.

The DR issuance data management table (327) illustrated in Figure 9g includes, for example, a sequence number, DR issuance start time, DR issuance end time, DR issuance ID, DR issuance scale (level), DR issuance event (phrase), and notes.

The DR verification data management table (327) illustrated in Fig. 9h includes, for example, a sequence number, a note, [DR issuance data management] linkage, and [charging history management] linkage.

The above administrator terminal (400) is used when the DR business operator accesses the system server (200) to check and monitor the operating status of the system server (200) or uploads DR charging navigation data provided to the DR contract terminal (500) when a DR order is issued.

The above DR contract terminal (500) is a terminal used by a DR contractee as illustrated in FIG. 2, and may be a personal computer (PC) or mobile device that can access a communication network of a wireless and/or wired communication network using a communication device (510). The mobile device may be a laptop computer, a smart phone, or a PDA (personal digital assistant), but is not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 2, the DR contractor terminal (500) is equipped with a communication device (510), a processor (520), and a user interface (UI) (530).

A user (DR contract holder) can download and install an app (APP) (522) necessary to receive various guidance from a system server (200) related to a DR contract and guidance service text messages according to DR issuance on a DR contract terminal (500).

The above user interface (530) includes a DR navigation menu (532) and a DR data menu (534).

In this case, when a user (DR contractor) operates an app (APP) (522), the processor (520) drives the app (APP) (522) to display a user interface (530) on a display (540), and when the user selects a DR navigation menu (532), the DR navigation (750) illustrated in FIG. 12 is displayed on the display (540) of the terminal.

The above DR navigation (750) provides map information indicating DR charging stations (700) in which DR chargers (701) capable of DR charging are installed. In this case, when a user designates one of a plurality of DR charging stations (700) displayed on the map, a pop-up window (751) is provided that provides the address (752) of the DR charging station (700) and the DR charging table (753) for the DR charger (701) capable of DR charging installed at the DR charging station (700) selected in the current state.

Accordingly, the user can search for other DR charging stations (700) displayed on the DR navigation (750) and select a DR charging station (700) where the desired DR charger (701) is located by considering the distance from the user's location and the charging fee among the displayed DR charging stations to perform DR charging.

As described above, when a user designates one DR charging station (700), the DR navigation (750) acts as a navigator that guides the user from the user's current location to the designated DR charging station (700).

In this case, the DR navigation (750) may provide not only DR charging stations (700) to which DR rates are applied according to the DR issuance, but also charging stations and charging rates in areas where DR issuance is not applied.

Meanwhile, when a user (DR contract holder) performs DR charging, the DR contract terminal (500) can check DR verification data according to DR charging by selecting the DR data menu (534) provided in the user interface (530).

Figure 11 shows an example of a DR charging table according to a DR order.

As shown in Figure 11, it can be seen that the DR charging table provides different rates depending on time and region.

For example, you can see that between 13:00 and 15:00, 900 won, which is cheaper than the basic rate (average rate) of 1,300 won, is applied, between 22:00 and 02:00, 1,500 won, which is more expensive than the basic rate (average rate), and between 02:00 and 04:00, 700 won, which is the cheapest rate than the basic rate (average rate), is applied.

In other words, during the prime time when users use the service the most, i.e. 22:00~02:00, a higher rate than the basic rate (average rate) is applied, and during times other than the prime time, a discounted rate is applied. This differentiated application of charging rates by time zone can disperse the phenomenon of charging time concentration.

As shown in FIG. 3, the above electric vehicle (EV) (600) is equipped with a communication module (610) that can connect to a communication network of a wireless communication network, a DR module (620), a battery (BAT) (630), a battery management system (BMS) (640), and a DR control device (650).

The above communication module (610) is responsible for wireless communication with the system server (200), and when the DR module (620) receives a DR command from the system server (200) through the communication module (610), it performs DR charging according to the EV user's charging option selection, and when the DR charging is completed, it transmits DR verification data to the system server (200), and the DR control device (640) controls DR charging according to the control of the DR module (620).

When a user enters into a DR contract directly with a DR business operator or enters into a DR contract while purchasing an electric vehicle (EV) through an electric vehicle manufacturer or other route, a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) may be installed inside the vehicle.

The battery (BAT) (630) basically equipped in the above electric vehicle (EV) (600) includes at least one battery module and a battery management system (BMS) (640) inside the battery pack. The battery (BAT) (630) collectively refers to a battery pack, a battery module, and a battery cell, and is applicable to any battery that is comprised of a rechargeable secondary battery.

The above battery management system (BMS) (640) performs a function of controlling the operation of each of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack, and may include, for example, a battery cell management function that manages the battery cells so that they are not overloaded through voltage balancing of the battery cells, a charge state prediction function that senses the current, voltage, and/or temperature of each battery cell to predict the state of charge (SOC), a power limiting function that prevents overcharge and overdischarge of each battery cell, a diagnostic function that diagnoses a failure of the battery pack and battery cells, and a cooling control function that cools the heat generated in the battery pack.

In the present invention, it is preferable to configure the DR module (620) and the DR control device (650) installed in the electric vehicle (EV) (600) to operate in conjunction with the BMS (640). For example, the battery (BAT) (630) installed in the electric vehicle (EV) (600) must basically be charged and discharged under the control of the battery management system (BMS) (640).

Therefore, it is desirable that the DR module (620), which acts as a window for charging (in case of reliability DR) and discharging (in case of plus DR) of the battery (BAT) (630), be operated in conjunction with a battery management system (BMS) (640) that performs functions such as preventing overload of battery cells, predicting the state of charge, preventing overcharge and overdischarge of each battery cell, diagnosing battery cell failure, and performing cooling control.

Furthermore, when an electric vehicle manufacturer manufactures an electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR module (620) and the DR control device (650) can be installed from the beginning to be linked with a battery management system (BMS) (640), or the DR module (620) and the DR control device (650) can be designed to be easily linked with a battery management system (BMS) (640) when additionally installing them later.

When a reliability DR is issued, the DR contractor (user) can charge the battery (630) by selecting one of the charging options: stopping charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery (630) that has been charged beyond a preset capacity, deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance end time, and limited charging in which the charging capacity or charging voltage of the electric vehicle (EV) battery (630) is limited.

To this end, the DR control device (650) includes a power cut-off module (652) for stopping charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery (630) that has been charged beyond a preset capacity, a delayed charging module (654) for postponing the charging time to after the DR issuance end time, and a limit charging module (656) for limiting the charging capacity or charging voltage of the electric vehicle (EV) battery (630).

In addition, even if the above reliability DR is issued, the DR contractor (user) may select general charging that may be subject to a penalty without selecting one of the charging options among charging stop, delayed charging, and limited charging of the electric vehicle (EV) battery (630) according to the above DR charging.

Referring to FIG. 4, the DR charger (701) is equipped with a communication device (710) that can connect to a communication network of a wireless communication network, a DR module (720), a charger (725), a display (730), and a DR control device (740).

The above DR charger (701) further includes a general charger (725) for charging a battery (BAT) (630) of an electric vehicle (EV) (600), a communication device (710) capable of wirelessly communicating with the system server (200), a DR module (720) for performing DR charging according to the selection of an EV user when a DR command is received from the system server (200) through the communication device (710) and transmitting DR verification data to the system server (200) when DR charging is completed, a display (730) for notifying the EV user of the status of DR charging being performed when DR charging is selected, and a DR control device (740) for controlling DR charging of the DR charger (701) according to the control of the DR module (720).

When a reliability DR is issued, the DR charger operator may charge the battery (630) by selecting one of the charging options among the following: charging stop for an electric vehicle (EV) that was being charged immediately before the DR issuance, charging stop for an electric vehicle (EV) whose battery (630) has been charged beyond a preset charging capacity, and charging stop of a DR charger (701) when the total power usage of the DR charging station (700) exceeds a previously agreed upon power amount under the control of the DR charging control center (760), deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance end time, and limited charging in which low-speed charging is performed in accordance with the maximum charging capacity or charging voltage limit of the EV battery (630) according to the charging option selection of the electric vehicle user.

To this end, the DR control device (740) includes a power cut-off module (742) for stopping charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery (630) that has been charged beyond a preset capacity, a delayed charging module (744) for postponing charging to a time after the DR issuance end time, and a limit charging module (746) for limiting the maximum charging capacity or charging voltage of the electric vehicle (EV) battery (630).

DR charging according to the present invention includes the above-described charging stop, delayed charging, and limited charging, and even if the above-described reliability DR is issued, if an electric vehicle user does not select one of the charging options of the above-described DR charging stop, delayed charging, and limited charging and instead selects general charging to charge a battery (630) using a DR charger (701), a penalty may be imposed on the DR charger operator.

In addition, general EV users without a DR contract can be charged DR using a DR charger (701) at a DR charging station (700). At this time, the DR charging station (700) can induce DR charging by offering a discount rate to general EV users without a DR contract.

In this case, the above-mentioned DR charger (701) can be connected to a DR charging control center (management server) (760) that provides charging control service for the DR charging station (700), and when the DR charging control center (management server) (760) receives a DR command from the system server (200), it can control a DR charger (701) in which a DR module (720) and a DR control device (740) under the management of the DR charging control center (760) are installed.

That is, the DR charging control center (management server) (760) can perform remote control, such as limited charging, delayed charging, and charging stop, through the DR control device (740) when DR charging is performed on the DR charger (701), as shown in FIG. 6.

Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 1a, a demand response (DR)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system (1000) according to a first embodiment of the present invention connects the EV (600) and the DR charger (701) to a system server (200) via a wireless communication network by recruiting a DR charger operator who operates a DR charging station (700) equipped with a DR charger (701) with a DR module (720) installed as a DR contractor by executing a DR contract with an individual user who owns an EV (600) to install a DR module (620) in the EV (600).

However, the demand response (DR)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system (1000) according to the present invention can also enter into a DR contract with an individual user who owns an electric vehicle (EV) (600) while living in a multi-family dwelling, such as an apartment or a townhouse, as in the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1b.

In this case, the DR contract holder who has signed a DR contract can receive a DR order from the system server (200) by registering his/her terminal as a DR contract terminal (500) in the system server (200) in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1b, instead of installing the DR module (620) in the electric vehicle (EV) (600), it is also possible to install a public DR charging device (623) by replacing at least one of the plurality of public chargers installed in the parking lot of an apartment complex, and perform DR charging on the batteries (630) of a plurality of electric vehicles (EV) (601) in which the DR module (620) is not installed.

The above-mentioned public DR charging device (623) has a DR module device including a DR module and a DR control device, and is connected to a system server (200) via a wireless or wired communication network through a communication module (610), thereby receiving a DR command from the system server (200), and when a DR command is issued, DR charging is performed according to the selection of the DR contractor, and when DR charging is completed, it plays a role of transmitting DR verification data to the system server (200).

In this case, the public DR charging device (623) installed in the public charger provided in the parking lot of the apartment complex serves as a public DR charger.

In addition, in the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1b, instead of installing the DR module (620) in the electric vehicle (EV) (600), DR charging can be performed using a portable DR charging device (621) whenever charging is required for the battery (630). The portable DR charging device (621) can be configured by combining a DR module device including a DR module and a DR control device with a conventional charger. The conventional charger and the DR module device can have a detachable coupling structure.

In this case, a user using a portable DR charging device (621) can receive a DR command from the system server (200) by performing a user registration procedure on the system server (200) by registering his/her terminal as a DR contract terminal (500) after signing a DR contract.

The above portable DR charging device (621) has a built-in wireless communication device required to connect to the system server (200) via a wireless communication network inside the DR module device, wirelessly receives a DR command from the system server (200), and when the DR command is issued, it carries out a DR charging operation method according to the selection of the DR contractor, and when DR charging is completed, it transmits DR verification data to the system server (200).

The operation of a demand response (DR)-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system (1000) according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 12.

Typically, the power demand pattern in industrial areas during the daytime has a first peak situation occurring between 9:00 AM and 12:00 PM, and a second peak situation occurring between 1:00 PM and 5:00 PM.

In addition, the power demand pattern in industrial areas during the summer season has a first power peak situation occurring between 10 and 11 a.m., and a second power peak situation occurring largely between 2 and 5 p.m.

Moreover, in the winter time zone of industrial areas, the first power peak situation occurs significantly between 10 AM and 12 PM, and the second power peak situation also occurs significantly between 5 PM and 7 PM.

The electricity demand pattern in residential areas is such that peak electricity demand occurs largely during the nighttime hours, from 7 p.m. to 12 a.m.

In addition, the electricity demand pattern in residential areas has a pattern in which heating electricity demand surges between 7 and 8 a.m. in January, and cooling electricity demand surges between 6 and 10 p.m. in August.

In the existing DR business, “electricity consumption pattern verification (RRMSE: Relative Root Mean Squared Error)” must be performed in advance to register customers with the Korea Power Exchange, but in the case of electric vehicles (EVs), customer registration is possible because charging patterns have been established.

The hourly EV charging power patterns by region in our country and the EV charging power patterns by season/purpose (public, residential, commercial) have been published in a paper, and based on the published data, it is possible to respond to summer and winter power peaks.

In other words, since the battery charging of electric vehicles (EVs) has already been proven to be patterned, DR power demand forecasting is possible, and the reduction/consumption instructions of the Korea Power Exchange can be stably responded to based on patterned data.

First, the Korea Power Exchange (100) predicts the issuance of a DR one hour in advance based on EV charging pattern data according to industrial/residential area and time zone or by season/purpose in preparation for peak power situations, and transmits the time and scale of the DR issuance to the DR operator (S11).

In this case, reliability DR is mainly issued to encourage power usage reduction in preparation for power peak situations.

In addition, in seasons or times when electricity demand is low or in areas where renewable energy generation exceeds electricity demand (e.g. Jeju Island), a plus (+) DR can be issued to stabilize the power grid when power supply exceeds electricity demand due to renewable energy generation such as wind power generators.

After that, when the DR issuance date arrives, the DR is officially issued (S12).

When the DR issuance (forecast) from the Korea Power Exchange (100) is transmitted to the system server (200) of the DR business operator, the system server (200) transmits the DR issuance (forecast) to the DR contract holder's contract terminal (500), electric vehicle (EV) (600), and DR charger (701) (S13). In this case, the system server (200) can also transmit the DR issuance (forecast) to the DR charging control center (760) that manages the DR charger (701) of the DR charging station (700).

When the above system server (200) receives a DR issuance, it stores DR data in the DR data table (310) of the database (300). The DR data includes DR issuance start time, DR issuance end time, DR issuance ID, DR issuance scale (level), DR issuance event (phrase), etc.

The above DR issuance can result in either reliability DR, which encourages reduction of power usage in preparation for power peak situations, or plus (+) DR, which encourages consumption of surplus renewable energy when power supply exceeds power demand due to excess generation of renewable energy.

When a DR command (forecast) is transmitted to the above-mentioned contractor terminal (500) and DR charging control station (760), the DR contractor can check in advance the current remaining charge and driving distance of the battery (630) built into the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR command end time, and the distance to the target area he or she wishes to drive, and, for example, when the DR command is issued 1 hour later, the contractor can determine in advance whether to participate in DR charging by considering the need to charge the battery (630) during the DR command period, for example, 2 hours after the DR command.

In addition, the DR charging control station (760) can also plan in advance the operation plan for multiple DR chargers (701) managed by the charging control station (760).

Moreover, similarly to the above, a DR contractor residing in an apartment building using a public DR charging device (623) or a DR contractor using a portable DR charging device (621) can also check in advance the current remaining charge and driving distance of the battery (630) built into the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR issuance end time, and the distance to the target area to which he or she wishes to drive, and determine in advance whether or not to participate in DR charging.

In addition, even if the above DR issuance is a plus (+) DR rather than a reliability DR, the current remaining charge and driving distance of the battery (630) built into the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR issuance end time, and the distance to the target area to which one wishes to drive can be checked in advance, and it is possible to determine in advance whether to participate in the plus (+) DR charging.

When the above system server (200) receives a DR order (forecast), it transmits a DR notice to the DR contractor's contract terminal (500) (S15).

In this case, when a DR is issued (forecasted), it is also transmitted to the electric vehicle (EV) (600), and a message indicating DR approval, “DR has been issued,” may be displayed in a pop-up form on the display screen of the electric vehicle (EV) (600).

The above DR notice informs of the incentives for DR contractors when participating in (Reliability DR/Plus DR). In addition, the above DR notice includes a notice of penalties for charging during the time when Reliability DR is issued.

The DR issuance contents according to the above DR notice are transmitted to the contractor's terminal (500) in the form of a text message (230) or app notification.

As shown in Figure 10, the above DR issuance contents provide the subject of the DR issuance, the type of DR, reduction date, reduction time (usually 2 hours), and target power usage.

When the above system server (200) receives a DR order, it provides a DR map (750) capable of DR navigation (750) as shown in Fig. 12 through the DR contractor's contractor terminal (500) based on a DR profit algorithm, and provides a charging table (time, region, amount) (753) differentiated according to DR charging time and region (S14).

The charging table illustrated in Fig. 11 represents a charging table that is applied, for example, when a DR order is not issued in a residential area. Referring to the charging table (753), a more expensive rate (KRW 1,500) than the basic rate (KRW 1,300) is applied during the time period of 22:00 to 02:00, when most general users attempt to charge, and cheaper rates (KRW 900 and KRW 700) than the basic rate (KRW 1,300) are applied during the time period of 13:00 to 15:00 and 02:00 to 15:00.

The above system server (200) can provide a charging table (753) even when a DR order is not issued, which can play a role in inducing dispersion of peak charging times.

The above DR navigation (750) provides map information indicating DR charging stations (700) in which DR chargers (701) capable of DR charging are installed, and provides a charging table (753) showing location information such as charging station address (752), amount information, and application time.

When the above system server (200) provides a DR charging map service (i.e., DR navigation) to a contractor terminal (500) with an APP (522) installed, the DR contractor (user) runs the APP (522) to execute DR navigation (750), and then selects a desired DR charging station (700), and is guided to find the DR charging station (700) selected by the DR contractor.

When DR is applied, the charging table (753) displayed in the DR navigation (750) does not display charging and discount rates for the DR issuance time zone (13:00 to 15:00), and instead, “DR issuance” is displayed. The charging and discount rates for the DR issuance time zone (13:00 to 15:00) can be determined based on the DR revenue algorithm.

The above system server (200) can provide DR navigation (750) even when a DR order is not issued. The DR navigation (750) can search for charging stations in areas with low loads by region and time zone or areas with many unloaded chargers, and low discount rates are applied to areas with low loads by region and time zone.

Accordingly, even if a DR order is not issued, the system server (200) can provide DR navigation (750) to the DR contractor to guide them to a charging station that applies a low discount rate, thereby dispersing the charging demand to an area with an unloaded charger.

The above system server (200) transmits a DR notice to the DR contractor through the DR contractor terminal (500), and then transmits the DR charging table (time, region, amount) and DR navigation (750) (S16).

The above DR navigation (750) can be operated based on an app (APP) or web (WEB).

The DR contractor (user) checks in advance the current remaining charge and driving distance of the battery (630) built into the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR issuance end time, and the distance to the target area he or she wishes to drive, together with the received DR charging table (time, area, amount), and determines whether or not to participate in DR charging (S17).

According to the above judgment, when the DR contractor (user) participates in DR charging for the reliability DR or plus (+) DR issuance as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the DR verification data is transmitted to the system server (200) when the DR charging is completed.

Additionally, if the DR contractor (user) does not participate in DR charging and selects general charging, data on penalty charging is also transmitted to the system server (200).

The system server (200) comprehensively transmits DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange (100) in cases where a DR contractor (user) participates in DR charging according to a reliability DR or plus (+) DR order, does not participate in DR charging and selects general charging, or a DR contractor (user) who owns an electric vehicle (EV) (600) does not participate in DR charging (S18).

The above DR verification data includes the DR business operator ID (VTN-id), event ID, revision number, event start time, event duration, and reduction amount (including EV non-charging record) for the Korea Power Exchange (100), and the above DR verification data is transmitted in conjunction with the OpenADR protocol specified in the demand response resource power trading system of the Korea Power Exchange (100).

In the above step (S17), the DR contractor (user) can participate in DR charging.

Below, the case where a reliability DR is issued and participates in DR charging is explained with reference to Fig. 6.

As illustrated in Fig. 6, when a general user who has not entered into a DR contract visits a DR charging station (700) where a DR charger (701) is located and requests charging of an electric vehicle battery (630), the DR charger operator can explain the fact of a reliable DR issuance and the DR compensation accordingly and induce DR charging.

In this case, the above DR charging is one of limited charging, delayed charging, and charging stop, and general charging that is not DR charging can also be selected.

After that, the general user can select one of the charging options among general charging, limited charging, delayed charging, and stop charging (S22).

First, the above-mentioned limited charging (S24) can lower the charging voltage of the battery (630) by driving the limited charging module (746) of the DR control device (740) or lower the charging speed to slow charging instead of rapid charging or slow charging instead of slow charging.

Generally, during rapid charging, both the charging voltage and current are set higher than during slow charging. Therefore, even when the charging voltage of the battery (630) is lowered, the power charged decreases when the charging current is constant.

In addition, when the above-mentioned limited charging (S24) is selected, the standard for the maximum remaining charge of the battery (630) can be limited. That is, the standard for the maximum charge of the battery (630) can be lowered from, for example, 90% to 60%. However, when the current charge of the battery (630) reaches the discharge warning value, low-speed (slow) charging can be selected when controlling the charging voltage.

When the above user selects deferred charging (S25), the deferred charging module (744) of the DR control device (740) is driven to postpone the charging time to after the DR issuance end time (peak time) when the remaining charge amount of the battery is above a certain capacity. In this case, the reservation function of the deferred charging module (744) can be used to perform the reservation charging.

When the user selects charging stop (S26) during a reliability DR issuance, the power cut-off module (742) of the DR control device (740) is driven to stop charging for an electric vehicle (EV) that was charging just before the DR issuance, stop charging for an electric vehicle (EV) whose battery (630) has been charged beyond a preset charging capacity, and stop charging of a DR charger (701) under the control of the DR charging control center (760) when the total power usage of the DR charging station (700) exceeds a previously agreed power amount, thereby blocking charging.

When the above DR command is issued, the DR charger (701) can block charging of the electric vehicle (EV) (600) under the control of the DR charging control center (760).

In addition, even if a reliability DR is issued, an electric vehicle user may charge a battery (630) using a DR charger (701) by selecting normal charging (S23) instead of DR charging including the above-mentioned limited charging (S24), delayed charging (S25), and charging stop (S26), in which case a penalty may be imposed on the DR charger operator.

The DR compensation amount applied to the DR charger operator of the DR charging station (700) that operates the above DR charger (701) is determined according to the DR basic fee and execution fee model, and is a method in which the DR execution fee incurred during the DR issuance time period is added to the DR issuance basic fee.

As described above, when DR charging is completed at a DR charging station (700), the DR module (720) of the DR charger (701) or the DR charging control station (760) transmits the contractee (i.e., DR charger business operator) ID, charger ID, charging station location, and charging history data to the system server (200) as DR verification data (S27). Accordingly, the system server (200) transmits the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange (100) as in the step (S18).

Meanwhile, a DR contractor (user) who owns an electric vehicle (EV) (600) with a DR module (620) installed may decide to participate in reliable DR charging after receiving a DR issuance (notice), DR charging table (time, region, amount) and DR navigation (750) through a DR contractor terminal (500) (S21).

In this case, if the DR contractor (user) decides to participate in reliable DR charging, the DR contractor terminal (500) can check in advance the current remaining charge and driving distance of the battery (630) built into the electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR issuance end time, and the distance to the target area to which the user wishes to drive, along with the received DR charging table (time, region, amount), and can then operate the DR navigation (750) to find the desired DR charging station (700).

The above system server (200) can distribute charging demand to areas with unloaded chargers by providing DR navigation (750) to DR contractors to guide them to charging stations that offer low discount rates even when a DR order has not been issued.

The above system server (200) notifies the reliability DR issuance contents and DR compensation contents as shown in Fig. 10 when DR issuance is made (S28).

Afterwards, the DR contractor can visit the DR charging station (700) and select one of the charging options: general charging, limited charging, delayed charging, and stop charging (S29).

First, the above-mentioned limited charging (S32) can lower the charging voltage of the battery (630) by driving the limited charging module (656) of the DR control device (650) or lower the charging speed to slow charging instead of rapid charging or slow charging instead of slow charging.

In addition, when the above-mentioned limited charging (S32) is selected, the standard for the maximum remaining charge of the battery (630) can be limited. That is, the standard for the maximum charge of the battery (630) can be lowered from, for example, 90% to 60%. However, when the current charge of the battery (630) reaches the discharge warning value, low-speed (slow) charging can be selected when controlling the charging voltage.

When the above-mentioned delayed charging (S33) is selected, the delayed charging module (654) of the DR control device (650) is driven to postpone the charging time to after the DR issuance end time (peak time) when the remaining charge amount of the battery is greater than a certain capacity. In this case, the reservation function of the delayed charging module (654) can be used to perform the reserved charging.

When the above charging stop (S31) is selected, the power cut-off module (652) of the DR control device (650) is driven to stop charging for an electric vehicle (EV) whose battery (630) has been charged beyond the preset charging capacity.

In addition, even if a reliability DR is issued, the DR contractor may charge the battery (630) by selecting normal charging (S30) instead of DR charging including the above-mentioned limited charging (S32), delayed charging (S33) and charging stop (S31), in which case a penalty may be imposed on the DR contractor.

As described above, when a DR contractor participates in reliable DR charging and completes DR charging, the DR module (620) transmits the contractor ID, EV ID (i.e., electric vehicle ID), charging location, and charging history data to the system server (200) as DR verification data (S34). Accordingly, the system server (200) transmits the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange (100) as in the step (S18).

The type of the above DR issuance may be a plus (+) DR that encourages the consumption of surplus renewable energy when the power supply exceeds the power demand due to excess generation of renewable energy.

The plus (+) DR issuance (forecast) from the Korea Power Exchange (100) is transmitted to the DR business operator's system server (200) (S13), and the system server (200) transmits the DR issuance (forecast) to the DR contract holder's contract terminal (500), electric vehicle (EV) (600), DR charger (701), and DR charging control station (760) (S15).

When a plus (+) DR is issued as described above and delivered to a DR contract holder (user) who owns an electric vehicle (EV) (600) with a DR module (620) installed, the DR contract holder (user) may decide to participate in the plus (+) DR charging (S35) and additionally charge the battery (630) up to the maximum charging capacity by considering the current charge amount of the battery (630) (S38).

Furthermore, when the DR contractor (user) participates in the plus (+) DR charging as described above and completes the DR charging, the DR module (620) transmits the contractor ID, EVID (i.e., electric vehicle ID), charging location, and charging history data to the system server (200) as DR verification data (S39). Accordingly, the system server (200) transmits the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange (100) as in the step (S18).

In addition, when a reliability DR is issued, the DR charging station (700) induces a decrease in the charging amount, such as a charging ban or charging limit for electric vehicles (EVs) (600), but when a plus (+) DR is issued, on the contrary, it encourages charging.

Accordingly, the DR charging station (700) explains the fact of plus (+) DR issuance and the corresponding DR compensation to the electric vehicle (EV) (600) user who has come to the charging station, and recommends either DR charging or the general charging desired by the user for additional battery charging considering the current charge level of the battery (630), and if the user selects DR charging, plus (+) DR charging is performed (S36).

As described above, when the plus (+) DR charging is completed, the DR charger (701) or DR charging control station (760) transmits the contractee (DR charger business operator) ID, charging station ID, charging station location, and charging history data to the system server (200) as DR verification data (S37). Accordingly, the system server (200) transmits the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange (100) as in the step (S18).

The Korea Power Exchange (100) receives DR verification data according to reliability DR and plus (+) DR charging through the system server (200) (S19), and then performs DR settlement as shown in Fig. 8.

Referring to Figure 8, the Korea Power Exchange (100) calculates the DR compensation amount based on the DR verification data received from the DR operator (S41), and then transmits the DR compensation amount to the DR operator (S42).

The DR business operator distributes the above DR compensation amount according to the DR contract holder's profit algorithm (S43). That is, profit settlement and distribution are determined based on the numerical value of the charging history of the reliability DR and plus DR in which the DR contract holder (user) participated and the contract ratio.

In this case, the electricity rate applied when charging the battery (630) is differentially added and calculated according to the type of charging and time period.

The DR operator notifies the DR revenue distribution and electricity rate differential charging determined for each DR contract holder (user) (S44). In other words, the DR operator notifies the DR revenue distribution according to the contract ratio for each DR contract holder (user), and also notifies the charging performance and penalty incurred during the DR issuance.

The criteria for providing compensation according to DR issuance in the present invention are as follows.

First, if a user proceeds with a DR contract and installs a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in the DR contractor's own electric vehicle (EV) (600), the DR contractor is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution rate when participating in DR charging, and is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even when not participating in DR charging when the DR is issued.

Second, if a user has entered into a DR contract but has not installed a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in the DR contract holder's own electric vehicle (EV) (600), if the user visits a DR charging station (700) when a DR is issued and participates in DR charging, the user is eligible for compensation based on the execution fee and can receive the execution fee together with the DR charging station (700). However, if the user has not participated in DR charging, the user is not eligible for compensation.

Third, if a user who is not a DR subscriber visits a DR charging station (700) when a DR is issued and participates in DR charging, he/she is eligible for the discount rate service provided by the DR charging station.

Fourth, a DR contract holder who has entered into a DR contract while residing in an apartment complex with a public DR charging device (623) installed is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution fee if he or she participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, and is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued. In this case, the DR contract holder residing in an apartment complex is not eligible for compensation if he or she installs a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in his or her electric vehicle (EV) (600).

Fifth, a DR contractor who has entered into a DR contract and owns a portable DR charging device (621) is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and execution fee if he or she participates in DR charging when the DR is issued, and is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued. In this case, the DR contractor who owns a portable DR charging device (621) is not eligible for compensation for installing a DR module (620) and a DR control device (650) in his or her electric vehicle (EV) (600).

In the present invention, if an electric vehicle (EV) (600) is not in operation when a DR command is issued, DR compensation by an execution fee is not applied, and only when charging is performed below a certain charging rate at a DR charging station (700) and DR charging is approved, DR charging is recognized from that point on, and DR compensation is provided for the portion that was not charged due to the DR charging.

In the present invention, in terms of the criteria for providing compensation according to the issuance of a DR, if a DR contractor participates in DR charging, he or she is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate and the execution rate, and even if he or she does not participate in DR charging when the DR is issued, he or she is eligible for compensation based on the basic rate. However, even if the driver (user) participating in DR charging is not the DR contractor himself but a family member or a third party, DR compensation may be provided to the DR contractor.

Although the present invention has been described and illustrated with specific preferred embodiments as examples, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention can be used in a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system capable of stabilizing a power grid by generating and managing data participating in DR execution and providing compensation to participating customers (DR subscribers) when charging the battery of an EV having a demand response (DR) module installed therein according to a reliability DR command issued when a power peak situation occurs, or when charging the battery of an EV using an EV charger (DR charger) having a demand response (DR) module installed.

Claims

A system server that, when receiving a demand response (DR) order issued from the Korea Power Exchange, transmits the DR order to the DR contractor terminal and, if the DR contractor participates in the DR execution by charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV), distributes the DR compensation paid by the Korea Power Exchange to the DR contractor;

A plurality of electric vehicles (EVs) equipped with a DR-charged battery using a charger, a DR module for receiving a DR command from the system server and transmitting DR verification data to the system server when DR charging for the battery is completed, and a DR control device controlled by the DR module for controlling DR charging when the DR contractor selects one of charging options among charging stop, deferred charging, and limited charging; and

Includes multiple DR contractor terminals owned by the DR contractor for receiving DR orders from the above system server:

The above DR contractor enters into a DR contract with the DR business operator that operates the above system server and installs a DR module and DR control device in its electric vehicle (EV).

If the above DR issuance is a reliability DR, the above DR contractor shall select one of the general charging with penalty charge and the above DR charging.

The above DR compensation is a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system that includes a basic rate applicable to compensation even if a DR contractor who has signed a DR contract with the above DR business operator does not participate in DR charging at the time of DR issuance, and an execution rate for which compensation is determined in proportion to the performance of participation in the above DR charging.
In the first paragraph,

The above DR control device

A deferred charging module that delays charging by postponing the charging time to a time after the DR issuance end time;

A limiting charging module for limiting the maximum charging capacity or charging voltage of the above electric vehicle (EV) battery; and

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system including a power cut-off module for stopping charging of an EV battery that has been charged beyond a preset capacity.
In the first paragraph,

The above DR contractor terminal downloads and installs the app (APP) required to receive various guidance from the above system server and guidance service text messages according to DR issuance.

The user interface displayed upon operation of the above APP includes the DR navigation menu.

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system in which DR navigation is displayed on a map, providing a pop-up window providing the address of a DR charging station capable of DR charging and a DR charging table when the above DR navigation menu is selected.
In the third paragraph,

The above DR navigation provides map information showing DR charging stations with DR chargers that can charge DR.

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system that provides a pop-up window providing the address of the DR charging station selected in the current state and the DR charging table when the user designates one of multiple DR charging stations displayed on the map.
In the first paragraph,

Further comprising a DR charging station having a DR charger that can select between DR charging and normal charging for the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) when receiving a DR command from the above system server,

The above DR business operator enters into a DR contract with a DR charger business operator who operates the above DR charging station, installs a DR module and a DR control device in the above DR charger, and the DR module transmits DR verification data to the system server when DR charging is performed. A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system.
In paragraph 5,

It further includes a DR charging control station that provides charging control services for the above DR charging station,

The above DR charging control station is a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system that remotely controls charging cutoff of a DR charger in which the DR module and DR control device are installed when receiving a DR command from the above system server.
In paragraph 5,

The above DR charger

A charger for charging the battery (BAT) of the above electric vehicle (EV);

A communication module capable of wireless communication with the above system server;

A DR module that, when receiving a DR command from the above system server through a communication device, performs DR charging according to the selection of the electric vehicle (EV) user and, when DR charging is completed, transmits DR verification data to the above system server; and

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system including a DR control device for controlling DR charging of a DR charger according to the control of the above DR module.
In paragraph 5,

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system in which DR charging, in which charging is restricted according to a DR command from the above system server, is one of deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR command termination time, maximum charge amount limited charging in which low-voltage slow charging is performed instead of high-voltage rapid charging of the battery or the standard for the maximum charge amount of the battery is lowered, and charging stop of an EV battery that has been charged beyond a preset capacity.
In paragraph 5,

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system in which a penalty is imposed on the DR charger operator when general charging is performed using the DR charger when a DR command is issued from the above system server.
In the first paragraph,

It further includes a public DR charging device installed in an apartment complex, which receives a DR command through wireless communication with the system server and transmits DR verification data to the system server when DR charging of the battery of an electric vehicle is completed.

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system in which the above electric vehicle user enters into a DR contract with the DR operator that operates the above system server.
In the first paragraph,

A portable DR charging device further includes a DR module that is coupled to a charger and receives a DR command by wireless communication with the system server and transmits DR verification data to the system server when DR charging of a battery of an electric vehicle (EV) is completed.

A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system in which the above electric vehicle user enters into a DR contract with the DR operator that operates the above system server.
In the first paragraph,

The above DR issuance is a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system, which is either a reliability DR that occurs to suppress power use during peak power situations where power demand exceeds power supply, or a plus (+) DR that occurs to encourage power use when power supply exceeds power demand.
In the first paragraph,

The above DR business operator is an electric vehicle manufacturer or a business operator that sells new electric vehicles (EVs) by installing DR modules in the EVs they sell, simultaneously executing a DR contract with the sales contract for the new EVs, or a business operator that operates multiple electric vehicles. A demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management system.
When a power peak situation is predicted to occur and a demand response (DR) order is transmitted from the Korea Power Exchange to the DR operator's system server, the system server transmits the DR order to the DR contractor's DR contractor terminal;

A step of participating in DR execution by DR charging a battery of an electric vehicle (EV) in which a DR module is installed, and in which a DR control device for controlling DR charging is installed when the DR contractor selects one of charging options among charging stop, delayed charging, and limited charging, and for transmitting DR verification data to the system server when the DR contractor receives the DR command from the system server and completes DR charging for the battery when the DR contractor receives the DR command from the system server through the DR contractor terminal;

A step of transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server when DR charging for the above battery is completed;

A step of transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange when the system server receives the DR verification data;

A step of transmitting DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; and

In response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR contractee through the DR contractee terminal;

The above DR contractor enters into a DR contract with the DR business operator that operates the above system server and installs a DR module and DR control device in its electric vehicle (EV).

If the above DR issuance is a reliability DR, the above DR contractor shall select one of the general charging subject to penalty charges and the above DR charging.

The above DR compensation is a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management method that includes a basic rate applicable to compensation even if a DR contractor who has signed a DR contract with the above DR business operator does not participate in DR charging at the time of DR issuance and an execution rate for which compensation is determined in proportion to the performance of participation in the above DR charging.
In Article 14,

The above DR business operator is an electric vehicle manufacturing company that executes a DR contract at the same time as the sales contract for a new electric vehicle (EV) and sells the new electric vehicle (EV) by installing a DR module in the new electric vehicle (EV) or a business operator that operates multiple electric vehicles, a method for managing the charging power of an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response.
When a demand response (DR) order is transmitted from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server of a DR business operator due to the prediction of a power peak situation, the system server transmits the DR order to a DR charger having a DR module and DR control device of the DR charger business operator installed and a DR charging control station that provides charging control services for the DR charger;

A step of remotely controlling DR charging, which limits charging of an electric vehicle (EV) battery by the DR charger, when the DR charging control station receives a DR command from the system server;

A step of transmitting DR verification data from the DR module to the system server when DR charging of the electric vehicle (EV) battery is completed by the DR charger;

A step of transmitting the DR verification data to the Korea Power Exchange when the system server receives the DR verification data;

A step of transmitting DR compensation based on the DR verification data from the Korea Power Exchange to the system server; and

In response to receiving the DR compensation from the Korea Power Exchange, the system server distributes the DR compensation to the DR charger operator through the DR contract terminal;

The above DR charger operator enters into a DR contract with the DR operator that operates the above system server,

The above DR compensation is a demand response-based electric vehicle (EV) charging power management method that includes a basic rate applicable to compensation even if the DR charging is not participated in when the DR is issued if the DR charger operator who has signed a DR contract with the above DR operator does not participate in the DR charging and an execution rate for which the compensation is determined in proportion to the performance of the DR charging.
In Article 16,

A method for managing charging power for an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response, wherein when the above DR issuance is a reliability DR, the DR charging is one of deferred charging in which the charging time is postponed to a time after the DR issuance termination time, slow charging with a low voltage instead of rapid charging with a high voltage of the battery, maximum charge amount limit charging in which the standard for the maximum charge amount of the battery is lowered, and charging stop of an EV battery that has been charged beyond a preset capacity.
In Article 16,

A method for managing charging power of an electric vehicle (EV) based on demand response, in which a penalty is imposed on a DR charger operator if general charging is performed using the DR charger instead of the DR charging when the above DR issuance is a reliability DR.