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WO2024130859A1 - 电池包断路装置及电池包 - Google Patents

电池包断路装置及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024130859A1
WO2024130859A1 PCT/CN2023/080946 CN2023080946W WO2024130859A1 WO 2024130859 A1 WO2024130859 A1 WO 2024130859A1 CN 2023080946 W CN2023080946 W CN 2023080946W WO 2024130859 A1 WO2024130859 A1 WO 2024130859A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
shell
limiting
housing
pack circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080946
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王慧
岑鸿昌
Original Assignee
惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 filed Critical 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024130859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024130859A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, for example, to a battery pack circuit breaker device and a battery pack.
  • BDU Battery Disconnect Unit
  • BDU Battery Disconnect Unit
  • It protects the battery pack module in the battery box of electric vehicles. It is an important protection module for the high-voltage circuit system of electric vehicles and an important part of the vehicle control system of electric vehicles. Its role is to coordinate the function conversion and energy distribution of high-voltage accessories such as the drive motor control system, battery pack management system, charging management system, electric air conditioning, electric power steering, and braking system. In addition, it can also realize safety protection functions such as fast power-off protection for short-circuit overload and leakage protection. It makes car maintenance simpler and installation more convenient, beautifies the interior design and reduces the occupied space, makes the car battery pack life longer, and reduces the daily maintenance cost of the car.
  • the architecture of BDU is that the connecting wires, copper bars and high-voltage components are fixed on the upper surface of the plastic parts by gluing or welding.
  • This method has the following shortcomings: when the BDU is produced and assembled, the connecting wires are difficult to fix, the production efficiency is low, the labor cost is increased, and the high-voltage components are difficult to disassemble.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack circuit breaker device and a battery pack, which can quickly install connecting wires and quickly replace connecting wires and high-voltage components when they are damaged.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack circuit breaker device, the battery pack circuit breaker device comprising:
  • a high-voltage component detachably connected to the housing
  • a copper busbar detachably fixed to the housing and electrically connected to the high voltage component
  • a connecting wire is electrically connected to the copper bus and the high-voltage component.
  • the high voltage component includes a fuse and a shunt, and the fuse and the shunt are detachably connected to the housing via bolts.
  • the high voltage element comprises a relay assembly
  • the relay assembly is snap-fitted and/or plug-fitted to the housing.
  • the relay assembly includes a first relay and a second relay, the first relay is clamped at an end of the housing, and the second relay is inserted in the middle of the housing.
  • the high-voltage element includes a pre-charging resistor, and the pre-charging resistor is snap-fitted and/or plugged into the housing.
  • the high-voltage element includes a fuse, a shunt and a relay assembly; the fuse, the shunt and the relay assembly are arranged on one side of the housing, and the pre-charging resistor is arranged on the other side of the housing.
  • the shell is provided with a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion, the first limiting portion forms a limiting groove, the pre-charging resistor includes a pin, the pin is inserted into the limiting groove, and the pre-charging resistor is further engaged between the second limiting portion and the shell.
  • the first limiting portion includes a limiting body, extension walls extending from two ends of the limiting body along the same side direction, and a bent portion bent from the extension wall toward the limiting body to form the limiting groove.
  • the second limiting portion includes:
  • a position-limiting support portion extending outward from the shell
  • the limiting main body part extends obliquely from one end of the limiting support part away from the shell body toward the shell body, and the limiting main body part is elastic.
  • an output-end stud is provided on the shell, and the output-end stud is fixed to the shell by a buckle, and the copper busbar is detachably fixed to the shell by the stud.
  • the shell has a plurality of heat dissipation holes configured to dissipate heat inside the shell.
  • the battery pack circuit breaker device further includes:
  • An upper cover is detachably connected to the shell to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the high-voltage component, the copper busbar and the connecting wire.
  • the upper cover and the shell are detachably connected via a buckle.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising the battery pack circuit disconnecting device, wherein the battery pack circuit disconnecting device comprises the battery pack circuit disconnecting device as described above.
  • the present application provides a battery pack circuit breaker device and a battery pack, the battery pack circuit breaker device comprising: a shell; a high-voltage component, which is detachably connected to the shell so that it can be quickly disassembled and replaced when the high-voltage component is damaged; a copper busbar, which is detachably fixed to the shell and electrically connected to the high-voltage component, and can be quickly disassembled and replaced when the copper busbar is damaged; a connecting wire, which is electrically connected to the copper busbar and the high-voltage component, and the connecting wire can be quickly installed, and when the connecting wire needs to be replaced Can be quickly disassembled and replaced.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack circuit breaker device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of a battery pack circuit breaker device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of some components of a battery pack circuit breaker device in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of position A shown in FIG1 ;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pre-charging resistor and a housing in one embodiment of the present application
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first limiting portion in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10-battery pack circuit breaker 11-housing, 12-high voltage component, 13-copper busbar, 14-connecting wire, 110-output end stud, 111-first screw hole, 131-second screw hole, 132-screw, 141-insert, 133-terminal, 121-fuse, 122-shunt, 123-relay assembly, 124-pre-charging resistor, 1211-third screw hole, 1222-fourth screw hole, 1212-first bolt, 1221-second bolt, 12 31-first relay, 1232-second relay, 1233-card hole, 1234-installation slot, 1240-first limit part, 1248-second limit part, 1241-extension wall, 1242-limit body, 1247-bend part, 1400-limit slot, 1246-pin, 1244-limit support part, 1245-limit body, 113-heat dissipation hole, 15-upper cover, 151-upper cover body, 152-upper cover side wall, 20-battery pack
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inside”, “outside”, etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • first position and second position are two different positions
  • first feature “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature include the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installation can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack disconnecting device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery pack disconnecting device 10 includes a housing 11, a high-voltage component 12, a copper bus 13 and a connecting wire 14.
  • the housing 11 is used to assemble and protect the high-voltage component 12, the copper busbar 13 and the connecting wire 14.
  • the high-voltage component 12 is detachably connected to the housing 11.
  • the copper busbar 13 is detachably fixed to the housing 11 and is electrically connected to the high-voltage component 12; the connecting wire 14 is electrically connected to the copper busbar 13 and the connecting wire 14 is electrically connected to the high-voltage component 12.
  • Copper busbar 13 also known as copper busbar or copper busbar, is made of copper material, with a long conductor of rectangular or chamfered (rounded) rectangular cross section, and the chamfer is rounded.
  • the copper busbar with rounded corners is used to avoid tip discharge, and it plays the role of transmitting current and connecting electrical equipment in the circuit.
  • Copper busbar 13 has been widely used in electrical equipment, especially complete sets of power distribution equipment; generally, U, V, W phase busbars and PE busbars in the power distribution cabinet all use copper busbar 13; copper busbar 13 is generally marked with phase color letter signs or painted with phase color paint during use, U phase copper busbar 13 is painted “yellow”, V phase copper busbar 13 is painted “green”, W phase copper busbar 13 is painted “red”, and PE busbar copper busbar 13 is painted "yellow and green alternating" two colors.
  • the copper bar 13 is detachably connected to the housing 11 through bolts and screw holes.
  • an output terminal stud 110 is provided on the housing 11, and the output terminal stud 110 is fixed to the housing 11 through a buckle.
  • the housing 11 is further provided with a first screw hole 111.
  • the first end of the copper bar 13 is provided with a second screw hole 131, and the second end is provided with a screw 132.
  • the output terminal stud 110 is screwed into the second screw hole 131 to fix the first end of the copper bar 13 to the housing 11, and the second end of the copper bar 13 is fixed to the housing 11 through the cooperation of the first screw hole 111 and the screw 132.
  • the output terminal stud 110 is movable, which can effectively absorb the assembly tolerance when the copper bar 13 is externally connected.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in FIG. 1 .
  • the connecting wire 14 is electrically connected to the high-voltage component 12 and the copper bus 13 , respectively.
  • a plug 141 is provided on the connecting wire 14
  • a terminal 133 is provided on the copper bus 13 , which are plugged in with each other to form an electrical connection.
  • the connection between the connecting wire 14 and the high-voltage component 12 can also be set similarly.
  • the high voltage component 12 is a high voltage, high current component in the battery pack circuit breaker.
  • the high voltage component 12 is set as needed.
  • the high voltage component 12 includes a fuse 121, a shunt 122, a relay assembly 123, and a pre-charging resistor 124.
  • different requirements include different electrical components. The components are different and the functions will increase accordingly.
  • the fuse 121 is detachably connected to the housing 11 by bolts
  • the shunt 122 is detachably connected to the housing 11 by bolts.
  • a third screw hole 1211 is provided on the housing 11, and a nut is provided in the third screw hole 1211.
  • a first bolt 1212 is provided on the fuse 121. During assembly, the first bolt 1212 is screwed into the third screw hole 1211 and tightened with the nut of the third screw hole 1211 to fix the fuse 121.
  • a fourth screw hole 1222 is provided on the housing 11, and a nut is provided in the fourth screw hole 1222.
  • a second bolt 1221 is provided on the shunt 122. During assembly, the second bolt 1221 is screwed into the fourth screw hole 1222 and tightened with the nut of the fourth screw hole 1222 to fix the shunt 122.
  • screw holes and embedded nuts are provided on the fuse 121 and the shunt 122
  • bolts or output terminals are provided on the housing 11 to fix the fuse 121 and the shunt 122 .
  • the relay assembly 123 is snap-fitted and/or plug-fitted with the housing 11 to achieve a detachable connection.
  • the relay assembly 123 includes a first relay 1231 and a second relay 1232, which are distinguished by position, the first relay 1231 is arranged at the end of the housing 11, and the second relay 1232 is plug-fitted and arranged in the middle of the housing 11.
  • the first relay 1231 can be detachably connected to the housing 11 by snapping. Specifically, a snap hole 1233 is set at the end position of the housing 11. During assembly, the first relay 1231 is snapped into the snap hole 1233 to achieve a detachable connection between the first relay 1231 and the housing 11.
  • a mounting groove 1234 is provided in the middle of the housing 11. During assembly, the second relay 1232 is inserted into the mounting groove 1234 to fix the second relay 1232. It is understandable that, similar to the components described above, screw holes and embedded nuts may be provided on the second relay 1232, and bolts or output terminals may be provided on the housing 11 to fix the second relay 1232.
  • a clamping hole 1233 is set on the side wall of the housing 11, which is convenient for fixing the first relay 1231, simplifies assembly, and improves production efficiency.
  • a mounting groove 1234 can be set to assemble the second relay 1232, which greatly utilizes the advantages of each part of the housing 11 to fix the relay assembly 123.
  • the port where the relay component 123 is connected to the connecting line 14, that is, the voltage input by the connecting line 14 is low voltage
  • the port where the relay component 123 is connected to the copper bus 13, that is, the voltage collection port is high voltage
  • the pre-charging resistor 124 is detachably fixed to the housing 11 by means of snaps and/or plugging.
  • the fuse 121, the shunt 122, the relay assembly 123 and the copper bus 13 are arranged on one side of the housing 11, and the pre-charging resistor 124 is arranged on the other side of the housing 11.
  • the high-voltage components 12 are arranged on both sides of the housing 11, so that the copper bus 13 can be isolated from part of the high-voltage components 12.
  • the electrical equipment is safer and more reliable, and the space utilization rate is improved.
  • the structure is compact and beautiful, and it is also beneficial for the heat of the high-voltage component 12 to be more dispersed and easy to dissipate heat.
  • the housing 11 is provided with a first limiting portion 1240 and a second limiting portion 1248
  • the first limiting portion 1240 includes a limiting body 1242, an extension wall 1241 extending from both ends of the limiting body 1242 along the same side direction, and a bent portion 1247 bent from the extension wall 1241 to the limiting body 1242, so as to form a limiting groove 1400 in the first direction and the second direction
  • the pre-charging resistor 124 includes a latch 1246, and the latch 1246 is inserted into the limiting groove 1400 to achieve positioning of the pre-charging resistor 124 through the limiting groove 1400.
  • the latch 1246 can be limited between the limiting body 1242 and the bent portion 1247 to achieve positioning in the first direction.
  • the pre-charging resistor 124 is disposed between the second limiting portion 1248 and the housing 11, and the pre-charging resistor 124 abuts against the second limiting portion 1248.
  • the second limiting portion 1248 includes: a limiting support portion 1244 extending outward from the housing 11; a limiting body portion 1245 extending obliquely toward the housing 11 from one end of the limiting support portion 1244 away from the housing 11, and the limiting body portion 1245 is elastic. That is, the limiting body portion 1245 is connected to the limiting support portion 1244 at an acute angle. The limiting body portion 1245 has elasticity that allows it to approach the limiting support portion 1244 and to be away from the limiting support portion.
  • the pre-charging resistor 124 slides along the inclined surface of the limiting main body 1245 toward the shell 11, and is then limited by the limiting main body 1245 between the second limiting part 1248 and the shell 11, and the limiting support part 1244 and the limiting main body 1245 abut against the pre-charging resistor 124, preventing the pre-charging resistor 124 from moving in the second direction of the limiting support part 1244, and preventing the pre-charging resistor 124 from moving in the third direction of the limiting main body 1245. Since the limiting directions of the limiting support part 1244 and the limiting main body 1245 are perpendicular, the pre-charging resistor 124 is limited in the second direction and the third direction.
  • the limiting groove 1400 limits the pre-charging resistor 124 in the first direction of its opening, that is, limiting in three directions is achieved.
  • the limiting body 1245 is elastic, the assembly tolerance of the pre-charging resistor 124 can be absorbed.
  • the housing 11 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 113, which can dissipate the heat inside the housing 11.
  • the heat dissipation holes 113 may be arranged at intervals on the entire side wall of the housing 11, or may be concentrated at locations of the housing 11 that are prone to heat generation, such as at the location of the high-voltage component 12.
  • the heat dissipation holes 113 may be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed. For example, heat dissipation holes 113 with a higher density are arranged at locations prone to heat generation, and heat dissipation holes 113 with a lower density are arranged at other locations.
  • the sizes of the heat dissipation holes 113 may be equal or unequal. For example, a heat dissipation hole 113 with a larger diameter may be arranged at a location prone to heat generation, and a heat dissipation hole 113 with a smaller diameter may be arranged at other locations.
  • the battery pack disconnecting device further includes an upper cover 15.
  • the upper cover 15 is detachably connected to the housing 11 to form a container.
  • the upper cover 15 is a housing for the nano-high voltage element 12, the copper busbar 13 and the connecting wire 14.
  • the upper cover 15 includes a detachably connected upper cover body 151 and an upper cover side wall 152.
  • the detachable upper cover body 151 and the upper cover side wall 152 are fixed to each other by snapping. As a whole upper cover, it is detachably connected to the housing 11 through a snap.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack 20 , including the battery pack circuit breaker device 10 described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开一种电池包断路装置及电池包，电池包断路装置包括壳体；高压元件，与壳体可拆卸连接；铜排，可拆卸的固定在壳体上，并与高压元件电连接；连接线，与铜排以及高压元件电连接。因此在高压元件、铜排以及连接线损坏时可快速拆卸进行更换，方便简单。

Description

电池包断路装置及电池包
本申请要求在2022年12月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202223473161.1的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，例如涉及一种电池包断路装置及电池包。
背景技术
BDU(Battery Disconnect Unit,电池包断路单元)为电动汽车中一个模块，主要为混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车设计，为电动汽车电池箱内保护电池包模块，是电动汽车高压电路系统重要保护模块，电动汽车的整车控制系统的重要组成部分，其作用协调驱动电机控制系统、电池包管理系统、充电管理系统、电空调、电助力转向、制动系统等高压附件的功能转换和能量分配。此外，还可以实现短路过载的快速断电保护，防漏电保护等安全保护功能。使汽车维护更简单，安装更方便，美化车内设计与减小占用空间，使汽车电池包寿命更长久，减少汽车日常维护成本。
相关技术中，BDU的架构是连接线与铜排、高压零部件通过胶水或者焊接等方式固定在塑胶件的上表面，该方式存在以下不足：BDU生产装配时，连接线固定困难，且生产效率较低，人工成本升高，以及高压元件拆卸困难。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池包断路装置及电池包，能够快速的安装连接线以及在连接线和高压元件损坏时快速拆换。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池包断路装置，电池包断路装置包括：
壳体；
高压元件，与所述壳体可拆卸连接；
铜排，可拆卸的固定在所述壳体上，并与所述高压元件电连接；
连接线，与所述铜排以及所述高压元件电连接。
在一实施例中，所述高压元件包括熔断器和分流器，所述熔断器和分流器均通过螺栓与所述壳体可拆卸连接。
在一实施例中，所述高压元件包括继电器组件，所述继电器组件与壳体卡接和/或插接。
在一实施例中，所述继电器组件包括第一继电器和第二继电器，所述第一继电器卡接在所述壳体的端部，所述第二继电器插接设置在所述壳体的中部。
在一实施例中，所述高压元件包括预充电阻，所述预充电阻与壳体卡接和/或插接。
在一实施例中，所述高压元件包括熔断器、分流器以及继电器组件；所述熔断器、所述分流器以及所述继电器组件设置在所述壳体的一侧，所述预充电阻设置在所述壳体的另一侧。
在一实施例中，所述壳体设置第一限位部和第二限位部，第一限位部形成限位槽，所述预充电阻包括插销，所述插销插入所述限位槽中，所述预充电阻进一步卡合在所述第二限位部和所述壳体之间。
在一实施例中，所述第一限位部包括限位主体、自所述限位主体两端沿着同一侧方向延伸的延伸壁以及自所述延伸壁向限位主体弯曲的弯曲部，以形成所述限位槽。
在一实施例中，所述第二限位部包括：
限位支撑部，自所述壳体向外延伸；
限位主体部，自所述限位支撑部远离所述壳体的一端倾斜向所述壳体的方向延伸，且所述限位主体部具有弹性。
在一实施例中，所述壳体上设置输出端螺柱，所述输出端螺柱通过卡扣与所述壳体固定，所述铜排通过所述螺柱可拆卸固定在所述壳体上。
在一实施例中，所述壳体开设了多个散热孔，被配置为散除所述壳体内部的热量。
在一实施例中，所述电池包断路装置还包括：
上盖，所述上盖与所述壳体可拆卸连接，以形成容纳所述高压元件、所述铜排以及所述连接线的容置腔。
在一实施例中，所述上盖与所述壳体通过卡扣可拆卸连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池包，包括所述电池包断路装置，其中，所述电池包断路装置包括如前文所述的电池包断路装置。
本申请的有益效果：本申请提供一种电池包断路装置及电池包，电池包断路装置电池包断路装置包括：壳体；高压元件，与所述壳体可拆卸连接，使得在高压元件损坏时可快速拆卸进行更换；铜排，可拆卸的固定在所述壳体上，并与所述高压元件电连接，在铜排损坏时可快速拆卸进行更换；连接线，与所述铜排以及所述高压元件电连接，可快速安装连接线，且在连接线需要更换时 可快速拆卸更换。
附图说明
图1为本申请一个实施例中电池包断路装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一个实施例中电池包断路装置的壳体的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一个实施例中电池包断路装置部分元件的结构示意图；
图4是图1所示的位置A放大的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一个实施例中预充电阻和壳体的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一个实施例中第一限位部的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例的一种电池包的结构示意图。
图中：
10-电池包断路装置，11-壳体、12-高压元件、13-铜排、14-连接线、110-输
出端螺柱、111-第一螺孔、131-第二螺孔、132-螺钉、141-插片、133-端子、121-熔断器、122-分流器、123-继电器组件、124-预充电阻、1211-第三螺孔、1222-第四螺孔、1212-第一螺栓、1221-第二螺栓、1231-第一继电器、1232-第二继电器、1233-卡孔、1234-安装槽、1240-第一限位部、1248-第二限位部、1241-延伸壁、1242-限位主体、1247-弯曲部、1400-限位槽、1246-插销、1244-限位支撑部、1245-限位主体部、113-散热孔、15-上盖、151-上盖主体、152-上盖侧壁、20-电池包
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。其中，术语“第一位置”和“第二位置”为两个不同的位置，而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定，术语“安装”、 “相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电池包断路装置10的结构示意图。如图1所示，电池包断路装置10包括壳体11、高压元件12、铜排13以及连接线14。
壳体11用于装配及保护高压元件12、铜排13以及连接线14。其中，高压元件12与壳体11可拆卸连接。铜排13可拆卸的固定在壳体11上，并与高压元件12电连接；连接线14与铜排13以及连接线14与高压元件12电连接。
因此，在高压元件12、铜排13以及连接线14损坏时可快速拆卸进行更换，方便简单。
铜排13又称铜母排或铜汇流排，是由铜材质制作的，截面为矩形或倒角(圆角)矩形的长导体，倒角为圆角倒角。采用圆角倒角铜排，以免产生尖端放电，在电路中起输送电流和连接电气设备的作用。铜排13在电气设备，特别是成套配电装置中得到了广泛的应用；一般在配电柜中的U、V、W相母排和PE母排均采用铜排13；铜排13在使用中一般标有相色字母标志或涂有相色漆，U相铜排13涂有"黄"色，V相铜排13涂有"绿"色，W相铜排13涂有"红"色，PE母线铜排13涂有"黄绿相间"双色。
请一并参阅图2和图3，在一实施例中，铜排13通过螺栓和螺孔与壳体11可拆卸连接。具体而言，在壳体11上设置输出端螺柱110，输出端螺柱110通过卡扣固定在壳体11上，壳体11上进一步设置第一螺孔111，铜排13的第一端设置有第二螺孔131，第二端设置螺钉132，通过输出端螺柱110螺入第二螺孔131以将铜排13的第一端固定在壳体11上，铜排13的第二端通过第一螺孔111和螺钉132的配合将铜排13的第二端固定在壳体11上。其中，输出端螺柱110为可活动式，可有效吸收外接铜排13时的装配公差。
请一并参阅图4，图4是图1的A处的结构放大示意图。如图1和4所示，连接线14分别与高压元件12和铜排13电连接，示例性地，连接线14上设置插片141，铜排13上设置端子133，互相配合插接，形成电性连接。连接线14与高压元件12的连接也可以类似设置。
在一实施例中，高压元件12即为电池包断路装置中的高电压，大电流的元件。根据需要设置高压元件12，在一实施例中，高压元件12包括熔断器121、分流器122、继电器组件123以及预充电阻124等。当然不同需求包括的电器元 件也不同，功能也会随之增加。
在一实施例中，熔断器121通过螺栓与壳体11可拆卸连接，分流器122通过螺栓与壳体11可拆卸连接。请一并参阅图2和图3，在一个实施例中，在壳体11上设置第三螺孔1211，第三螺孔1211里设置有镶嵌螺母，在熔断器121上设置第一螺栓1212，在装配时，第一螺栓1212螺旋插入第三螺孔1211并与第三螺孔1211的镶嵌螺母拧紧，以固定熔断器121。类似的，在壳体11上设置第四螺孔1222，第四螺孔1222里设置有镶嵌螺母，在分流器122上设置第二螺栓1221，在装配时，第二螺栓1221螺旋插入第四螺孔1222并与第四螺孔1222的镶嵌螺母拧紧，以固定分流器122。
在一实施例中，在熔断器121和分流器122上设置螺孔和镶嵌螺母，在壳体11上设置螺栓或输出端子来对熔断器121和分流器122进行固定。
继电器组件123与壳体11卡接和/或插接，以实现可拆卸连接。示例性地，继电器组件123包括第一继电器1231和第二继电器1232，该第一继电器1231和第二继电器1232是以位置进行区别的，第一继电器1231设置在壳体11的端部，第二继电器1232插接设置在壳体11的中部位置。
在一实施例中，第一继电器1231可通过卡接的方式与壳体11可拆卸连接，具体而言，在壳体11的端部位置设置卡孔1233，在装配时，第一继电器1231卡合在卡孔1233中，实现第一继电器1231和壳体11的可拆卸连接。
在壳体11的中部位置设置安装槽1234。在装配时，第二继电器1232插入安装槽1234中，以固定第二继电器1232。可理解的是，也可以与前文的元器件类似，在第二继电器1232上设置螺孔和镶嵌螺母，在壳体11上设置螺栓或输出端子来对第二继电器1232进行固定。
本申请在壳体11两端，容易开孔，例如在壳体11的侧壁上设置卡孔1233，方便固定第一继电器1231，装配简单，提高生产效率。在壳体11较厚的中部因卡孔的设置较为麻烦，则可设置安装槽1234来对第二继电器1232进行装配，极大的运用了壳体11各部分的优势来对继电器组件123进行固定。
在一实施例中，继电器组件123与连接线14连接的端口，即连接线14输入的电压为低压。继电器组件123与铜排13连接的端口，即电压采集端口为高压。
请一并参阅图5和图6，预充电阻124通过卡扣和/或插接的方式可拆卸固定在壳体11上。示例性地，熔断器121、分流器122、继电器组件123以及铜排13设置在壳体11的一侧，预充电阻124设置在壳体11的另一侧。将高压元件12分别设置在壳体11的两侧，可使得铜排13与部分高压元件12隔离设置， 电气更加安全可靠，且提高了空间利用率，结构紧凑美观，还有利于高压元件12的热量更加分散，便于散热。
在一实施例中，壳体11上设置有第一限位部1240和第二限位部1248，第一限位部1240包括限位主体1242、自限位主体1242两端沿着同一侧方向延伸的延伸壁1241以及自延伸壁1241向限位主体1242弯曲的弯曲部1247，以形成在第一方向和第二方向上的限位槽1400，预充电阻124包括插销1246，插销1246插入限位槽1400中，以通过限位槽1400实现预充电阻124的定位。由于限位主体1242和延伸壁1241以及弯曲部1247形成一半包围结构，插销1246插入后，可将插销1246限定在限位主体1242和弯曲部1247之间，实现第一方向上的定位。
预充电阻124设置在第二限位部1248和壳体11之间，并预充电阻124和第二限位部1248抵接。在一实施例中，第二限位部1248包括：限位支撑部1244，自壳体11向外延伸；限位主体部1245，自限位支撑部1244远离壳体11的一端倾斜向壳体11的方向延伸，且限位主体部1245具有弹性。也就是限位主体部1245与限位支撑部1244形成锐角连接。限位主体部1245具有可靠近限位支撑部1244以及远离限位支撑部的弹性。安装时，预充电阻124沿限位主体部1245的倾斜面向壳体11的方向滑动，进而由限位主体部1245限定在第二限位部1248和壳体11之间，并通过限位支撑部1244和限位主体部1245抵接预充电阻124，阻止预充电阻124向限位支撑部1244的第二方向移动，以及阻止预充电阻124向限位主体部1245的第三方向移动。由于限位支撑部1244和限位主体部1245的限位方向垂直，因此，在第二方向和第三方向上实现对预充电阻124的限位。进一步的，由于限位槽1400的开口方向与限位支撑部1244垂直，如前文所述，限位槽1400对预充电阻124在其开口的第一方向上的进行限位，也即实现了三个方向上的限位。另外，因为限位主体部1245具有弹性，因此可吸收预充电阻124的装配公差。
在一实施例中，壳体11开设了多个散热孔113，能够散除壳体11内部的热量。其中，可在壳体11的整个侧壁均间隔设置有散热孔113，也可以集中在壳体11的容易发热的位置，例如集中设置在高压元件12的位置设置这些散热孔113。
散热孔113的分布可为均匀分布，也可以为不均匀分布，例如在容易发热的位置设置密集性较高的散热孔113，在其他地方设置密集性较低的散热孔113。
散热孔113的大小可相等，也可不相等，例如在容易发热的位置设置直径较大的散热孔113，在其他地方设置直径较小的散热孔113。
电池包断路装置还包括上盖15。上盖15与壳体11可拆卸连接，以形成容 纳高压元件12、铜排13以及连接线14的容置腔。具体而言，上盖15包括可拆卸连接的上盖主体151以及上盖侧壁152。可拆卸的上盖主体151和上盖侧壁152相互进行卡接固定。并作为一个上盖整体通过卡扣与壳体11可拆卸连接。
请参阅图7，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池包20，包括前文所述的电池包断路装置10。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池包断路装置，包括：
    壳体；
    高压元件，与所述壳体可拆卸连接；
    铜排，可拆卸的固定在所述壳体上，并与所述高压元件电连接；
    连接线，与所述铜排以及所述高压元件电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述高压元件包括熔断器和分流器，所述熔断器和分流器均通过螺栓与所述壳体可拆卸连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述高压元件包括继电器组件，所述继电器组件与壳体卡接和/或插接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述继电器组件包括第一继电器和第二继电器，所述第一继电器卡接在所述壳体的端部，所述第二继电器插接设置在所述壳体的中部。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述高压元件包括预充电阻，所述预充电阻与壳体卡接和/或插接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述高压元件包括熔断器、分流器以及继电器组件；
    所述熔断器、所述分流器以及所述继电器组件设置在所述壳体的一侧，所述预充电阻设置在所述壳体的另一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述壳体设置第一限位部和第二限位部，第一限位部形成限位槽，所述预充电阻包括插销，所述插销插入所述限位槽中，所述预充电阻卡合在所述第二限位部和所述壳体之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述第一限位部包括限位主体、自所述限位主体两端沿着同一侧方向延伸的延伸壁以及自所述延伸壁向限位主体弯曲的弯曲部，以形成所述限位槽。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述第二限位部包括：
    限位支撑部，自所述壳体向外延伸；
    限位主体部，自所述限位支撑部远离所述壳体的一端倾斜向所述壳体的方向延伸，且所述限位主体部具有弹性。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述壳体上设置输出端螺柱，所述输出端螺柱通过卡扣与所述壳体固定，所述铜排通过所述螺柱可拆卸固定在所述壳体上。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述壳体开设了多个散热孔，被配置为散除所述壳体内部的热量。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述电池包断路装置还包括：
    上盖，所述上盖与所述壳体可拆卸连接，以形成容纳所述高压元件、所述铜排以及所述连接线的容置腔。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电池包断路装置，其中，所述上盖与所述壳体通过卡扣可拆卸连接。
  14. 一种电池包，包括如权利要求1-13所述的电池包断路装置。
PCT/CN2023/080946 2022-12-22 2023-03-10 电池包断路装置及电池包 WO2024130859A1 (zh)

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