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WO2024169258A1 - 适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械 - Google Patents

适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024169258A1
WO2024169258A1 PCT/CN2023/129710 CN2023129710W WO2024169258A1 WO 2024169258 A1 WO2024169258 A1 WO 2024169258A1 CN 2023129710 W CN2023129710 W CN 2023129710W WO 2024169258 A1 WO2024169258 A1 WO 2024169258A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
signal
surgical instrument
handle body
transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/129710
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐汪洋
杨国鹏
冯庆宇
Original Assignee
上海益超医疗器械有限公司
青岛迈博思医疗科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海益超医疗器械有限公司, 青岛迈博思医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海益超医疗器械有限公司
Publication of WO2024169258A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024169258A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320082—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic for incising tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/0063—Sealing

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of surgical instruments, and more particularly, to a surgical instrument suitable for a super-electric hybrid energy platform.
  • the ultrasonic scalpel used in surgical operations is an ultrasound-based surgical instrument that converts ultrasonic signals into mechanical vibrations through an ultrasonic transducer and is often used for tissue cutting.
  • the high-frequency electric knife (abbreviated as electric knife) is also a commonly used surgical instrument, often used to seal blood vessels and requires high-frequency electrical energy to drive.
  • the ultrasonic electric knife (abbreviated as super electric knife) combines the advantages of ultrasonic scalpels and electric knives, which helps to improve surgical results.
  • an ultrasonic hybrid energy platform can be built.
  • this platform including the instruments for performing surgical operations, energy transmission lines, transducers involved in energy conversion, electrical connection devices, and energy source equipment, all need to be specifically designed to ensure the safety and stability of the system during operation.
  • the ultrasonic energy conversion device suitable for the super-electric hybrid energy platform also known as the ultrasonic transducer (hereinafter referred to as the transducer), not only converts the ultrasonic energy (such as ultrasonic current with a frequency of 55kHz) that drives the ultrasonic knife function into mechanical vibration and transmits it to the front end of the surgical instrument, but also It is an electrical channel between the surgical instrument and the energy source device. It also has other functions such as transmitting high-frequency energy (such as a high-frequency current with a frequency of 470kHz) to the jaws at the front end of the surgical instrument as needed, and transmitting some signals generated by the instrument end for control or detection back to the device end.
  • the transducer not only converts the ultrasonic energy (such as ultrasonic current with a frequency of 55kHz) that drives the ultrasonic knife function into mechanical vibration and transmits it to the front end of the surgical instrument, but also It is an electrical channel between the surgical instrument and the energy source device. It also has other functions such as transmitting high
  • the present disclosure provides a surgical instrument suitable for a super-electric hybrid energy platform, including:
  • An operating part fixedly mounted on one end of the handle body, the operating part comprising an outer sleeve and a waveguide rod in the outer sleeve;
  • a first electrode is provided at the other end of the handle body, and is used to connect an electrode of the high-frequency current circuit and an electrode of the signal current circuit through a transducer, and is connected to the outer sleeve through a second electrode;
  • a third electrode provided at the other end of the handle body, for connecting another electrode of the signal current circuit through the transducer;
  • a signal circuit board is disposed inside the handle body and is electrically connected to the first electrode and the third electrode to obtain a power supply current
  • the outer sleeve and the waveguide rod are both conductors and insulated from each other.
  • the proximal end of the waveguide rod is connected to another electrode of the high-frequency current circuit through the transducer, so that the outer sleeve and the waveguide rod are electrically conductive.
  • Two electrodes for high-frequency current are formed at the distal ends of the waveguide rods.
  • the signal circuit board communicates with the device end through the signal current line.
  • the surgical instrument of the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes an input component, which is arranged on the handle body.
  • the signal circuit board receives the input instruction of the input component to generate a first signal.
  • the first signal is sent to the device end through the signal current line, so that the device end outputs super-electric hybrid energy based on the first signal.
  • the input component includes a push key switch and a slide key switch.
  • the signal circuit board generates a second signal based on the detection of the working state of the operating part, and the second signal is sent to the device end through the signal current line, so that the device end outputs superelectric hybrid energy based on the second signal.
  • the first electrode and the third electrode are contact electrodes and are fixed in the same electrode disk.
  • the surgical instrument of the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a prompt component, which is arranged on the handle body and connected to the signal circuit board, and the prompt component is used to generate corresponding prompt information according to the second signal.
  • the prompt component is an LED indicator light
  • the corresponding prompt information is different colors of the LED indicator light
  • the waveguide rod is also used to obtain ultrasonic vibration through the transducer to drive the blade head at the distal end of the waveguide rod to realize the ultrasonic blade function.
  • the distal end of the outer sleeve is connected to a forceps arm, and the forceps arm and the knife head are used to realize the function of a bipolar high-frequency electric knife.
  • the surgical instrument uses a common electrode to connect the high-frequency current circuit and the signal current circuit while obtaining superelectric hybrid energy. Only two electrodes are needed to realize the function of supplying power to the signal circuit board. Compared with the three-electrode power supply method of the prior art, the circuit structure is simplified and the power consumption is reduced. The risk of poor electrode contact is reduced and the stability of the system is improved.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing a surgical instrument connected to a transducer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure inside the handle body of the surgical instrument provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing a transducer connected to a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit connection block diagram of a surgical instrument and a transducer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the blade and jaws of the surgical instrument shall use superelectric hybrid energy to perform the surgical operation.
  • superelectric hybrid energy for example, in one mode, after the tissue is clamped between the blade and the jaws, two poles of high-frequency current are formed to realize the electric knife function.
  • the blade In another mode, the blade only performs a simple ultrasonic knife function.
  • the surgical instrument shall also facilitate the operator to select the working mode or check the working status. Based on this requirement, the specific implementation of the surgical instrument proposed in the present disclosure is as follows.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the surgical instrument 1 being connected to a transducer 2 for use.
  • the surgical instrument 1 includes a handle body 11 , a first electrode 12 , a second electrode 13 , an operation portion 14 , a signal circuit board 15 , and a third electrode 16 .
  • the first electrode 11 is arranged inside the handle body 11 , close to the position where the transducer is connected (shown by the dotted line in the figure), and is used to connect to an electrode of the high-frequency current circuit in the connected transducer 2 .
  • the second electrode 12 is located inside the handle body 11 and close to the operating portion 14 (shown by the dotted line in the figure).
  • the second electrode 12 is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 .
  • the operating part 14 is fixedly mounted at one end of the handle body 11, away from the end of the transducer.
  • the operating part 14 includes an outer sleeve 141 and a waveguide rod 142 in the outer sleeve 141.
  • the distal end of the outer sleeve 141 is connected to the clamp arm 143, and the proximal end is connected to the second electrode 13.
  • the distal end of the waveguide rod 142 is a cutter head 1421, and the proximal end is in the handle body 11, which is used to connect with another electrode of the high-frequency current circuit in the connected transducer 2.
  • the outer sleeve 141 and the waveguide rod 142 are both conductors and insulated from each other, so that two electrodes of high-frequency current can be formed at the jaws formed by the cutter head 1421 and the clamp arm 143.
  • the operating part 14 also includes a knob 144, which is arranged at the proximal end of the outer sleeve 141 and the waveguide rod 142, and is connected to the handle body 11, and the waveguide rod 142 can be rotated by the knob 144 to be screwed and installed with the conductive rod of the connected transducer.
  • the high-frequency current is transmitted to the forceps arm 143 and the blade head 1421 via the outer sleeve 141 and the waveguide rod 142.
  • the waveguide rod 142 can also obtain ultrasonic vibration from the connected transducer 2, drive the blade head 1421 to realize the ultrasonic knife function, and realize the bipolar electric knife function at the jaws formed by the blade head 1421 and the forceps arm 143, so that the super-electric hybrid energy can be used at the execution end to perform surgical operations, which is beneficial to improving the surgical effect.
  • the signal circuit board 15 is arranged inside the handle body 11, and the third electrode 16 is arranged inside the handle body 11 near the transducer 2.
  • the signal circuit board 15 is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the third electrode 16 respectively.
  • the first electrode 12 is not only connected to an electrode of the high-frequency current circuit in the transducer 2, but also connected to an electrode of the signal current circuit.
  • the connection method in which the high-frequency current circuit and the signal current circuit share a common electrode can reduce one electrode in the handle, simplify the structure of the handle, and reduce the risk caused by poor electrode contact.
  • the high-frequency current is usually a differential signal of high voltage (for example, 220V) and the signal current is usually a level signal of low voltage (for example, 12V)
  • the two different signals share a common electrode during current transmission, and the crosstalk generated between them is within an acceptable range, so the safety and stability of the system can be guaranteed.
  • the signal circuit board 15 is an integrated circuit board without a power supply, and the required power supply current is obtained through the first electrode 12 and the third electrode 16.
  • the signal circuit board in the embodiment of the present disclosure only needs to connect two electrodes to obtain the power supply current.
  • the signal current line not only has a power supply function, but also a transmission function.
  • the communication signal between the signal circuit board 15 and the device end is also transmitted through the signal current line.
  • the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an input component 17, which is disposed on the handle body 11.
  • the signal circuit board 15 can receive an input instruction of the input component 17 to generate a first signal, which is transmitted to the device end through the connected transducer 2.
  • the input component 17 can be a push button switch and/or a slide button switch, which is contact-connected with the signal circuit board 15.
  • the input component 17 includes two finger button switches, which are convenient for the operator to press with fingers when holding, and also includes a slide button switch, which can have multiple gears, and the gear is selected by sliding the key.
  • the slide button switch can be two groups, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the handle.
  • the input component 17 can also be a touch screen, which is electrically connected to the signal circuit board 15.
  • the input component 17 can also be a wireless remote control, which is wirelessly connected to the signal circuit board 15.
  • the instructions input by the input component 17 can be set according to demand, for example, the two finger button switches can be the selection of energy gears, and the slide button switch can be the selection of a more detailed energy mode, such as outputting ultrasound first and then electricity in one energy mode, and outputting super-electric mixing first and then electricity in another energy mode, and so on.
  • the signal circuit board receives the input instruction of the input component and generates a first signal, and the first signal is sent to the device end through the signal current line, and the device end can output super-electric mixing energy based on the first signal.
  • the signal circuit board 15 can also generate a second signal based on the detection of the working state of the operating part 14. For example, by detecting the impedance value of the cutter head 1421 and the jaws 143 after closing, it is determined whether there is abnormal wear at the jaws 143, and a corresponding prompt message is issued.
  • the second signal generated by the detection of the signal circuit board 15 can also be transmitted to the device end, and after being processed by the device end, a prompt is given to the operator, or the super-electric hybrid energy is obtained according to the modulation output of the second signal, or it is used to detect the number of times the consumables are used and other performance improvements, and the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the surgical instrument 1 may further include a prompt component, which is disposed on the handle body 11, and the signal circuit board 15 may send corresponding prompt information to the prompt component according to the detection of the working state of the operating part.
  • the prompt component is an LED indicator light
  • the corresponding prompt information is to light up different colored indicators to indicate to the operator whether the working state of the operating unit 14 is normal, so as to facilitate the operator to detect faults.
  • the prompt component can also be an audio indication component that prompts the operator through different warning sounds, or an indication component that combines audio and light.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the handle body of the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first electrode 12 and the third electrode 16 are both annular contact electrodes and are fixed in the same electrode disk.
  • the shape and position of the electrode disk are matched with the connected transducer 2.
  • There is a through hole in the center of the electrode disk which is convenient for the conductive rod 21 of the transducer 2 to pass through and connect with the proximal end of the waveguide rod 142.
  • the second electrode 13 is an annular electrode at the front of the handle body, so that the outer sleeve 141 can connect the high-frequency current line through the second electrode 13.
  • the signal circuit board 15 is located inside the handle body 11 near the input component, and the two electrodes of the signal circuit board 15 are connected to the first electrode 12 and the third electrode 13 respectively.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transducer 2 connected to the surgical instrument 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the front end of the transducer 2 is a conductive rod 21, which is used to connect with the waveguide rod 142 in the surgical instrument 1 to transmit ultrasonic vibration and transmit one electrode of the high-frequency current circuit to the cutter head 1421 through the waveguide rod 142.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the line connection relationship between the surgical instrument 1 and the transducer 2 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer 2 is transmitted to the waveguide rod 142 through the conductive rod 21.
  • One electrode of the high-frequency current circuit is transmitted to the outer sleeve 142 through the common electrode 23 of the transducer via the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13, and the other electrode is directly transmitted via the waveguide rod 142.
  • One electrode of the signal current circuit is transmitted to the first electrode 12 of the surgical instrument 1 via the common electrode 23 of the transducer 2, connected to the signal current board 15, and the other electrode is transmitted to the third electrode 16 of the surgical instrument 1 via the signal electrode 24 of the transducer 2, connected to the signal circuit board 15.
  • the signal circuit board 15 built into the handle body can not only obtain power, but the signal it generates can also be transmitted to the device end via the signal current line in the transducer 2, thereby realizing functions such as control and optimization of the surgical process and helping to improve the surgical effect.

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Abstract

适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械（1），包括：手柄主体（11）、操作部（14）、第一电极（12）、第二电极（13）、第三电极（16）和信号电路板（15），其中，操作部（14）包括外套管（141）和在外套管（141）内的波导杆（142），第一电极（12）通过换能器（2）连接高频电流线路的一个电极和信号电流线路的一个电极，并通过第二电极（13）连接外套管（141），第三电极（16）通过换能器（2）连接信号电流线路的另一个电极；信号电路板（15）与第一电极（12）和第三电极（16）电连接获得供电电流。外科器械（1）在获取超电混合能量的同时，利用共用的电极连接高频电流线路和信号电流线路，简化了电路结构，降低了电极接触不良的风险，提高了系统的稳定性。

Description

适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2023年2月13日提交的名称为“适用于超电混合能量平台的外壳器械”的中国专利申请CN 202310104451.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及外科器械领域，更具体地，涉及一种适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械。
背景技术
外科手术中使用的超声刀是一种以超声波为基础的外科器械，通过超声波换能器将超声波信号转换成机械振动，常用于组织的切割。高频电刀(简称电刀)，也是一种常用的外科器械，常用于血管的密封，需要高频电能量来驱动。超声电刀(简称超电刀)兼有超声刀和电刀的优势，有助于改善手术效果。
为了在应用超声电刀时获得更佳的手术效果，可搭建一个超电混合能量平台。在该平台中，包括执行手术操作的器械、能量传输线路、涉及能量转换的换能器、电连接装置，以及能量源设备等，都需要进行特定设计，才能确保系统运行时的安全和稳定。
适用于超电混合能量平台的超声波能量转换装置，也称为超声波换能器(以下简称换能器)，不仅要将驱动超声刀功能的超声波能量(例如频率为55kHz的超声电流)转化为机械振动后传递到外科器械前端的刀头处，同时作 为外科器械和能量源设备之间的电通道，还要根据需要将高频能量(例如频率为470kHz的高频电流)传递到外科器械前端的钳口处，以及将器械端产生的一些用于控制或检测的信号传回到设备端等其他功能。
本公开所述及的外科器械的通常结构，包括一个用于握持的手柄和一个用于执行手术的操作部。操作部主要部件包括刀杆、内套管和外套管。操作部的远端为执行端，包括刀头和钳口。当需要运用超电混合能量执行手术操作时，需要将高频电流传递到执行端，能量的传输路径需要经过特殊设计才能实现。其中，外科器械的手柄，不仅要为操作者提供便捷操作，还要与换能器连接并进行能量或信号传递，因此，对其结构的设计是实现外科超电混合能量运用的重要环节之一。
发明内容
为了解决相关技术中的问题，本公开实施例提供了适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械，包括：
手柄主体；
操作部，固定安装于所述手柄主体的一端，所述操作部包括外套管和在所述外套管内的波导杆；
第一电极，设于所述手柄主体的另一端，用于通过换能器连接同时高频电流线路的一个电极和信号电流线路的一个电极，并通过第二电极连接所述外套管；
第三电极，设于所述手柄主体的另一端，用于通过所述换能器连接信号电流线路的另一个电极；
信号电路板，设于所述手柄主体内部，并与所述第一电极和所述第三电极电连接以获得供电电流；
其中，所述外套管和所述波导杆均为导电体且相互绝缘，所述波导杆的近端通过所述换能器连接高频电流线路的另一个电极，从而在所述外套管和所述 波导杆的远端处形成高频电流的两个电极。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述信号电路板通过所述信号电流线路与设备端进行通信。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，还包括输入组件，设置于所述手柄主体，所述信号电路板接收所述输入组件的输入指令而产生第一信号，所述第一信号通过所述信号电流线路发送至设备端，以使所述设备端基于所述第一信号输出超电混合能量。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述输入组件包括按压键开关和滑动键开关。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述信号电路板基于对所述操作部工作状态的检测而产生第二信号，所述第二信号通过所述信号电流线路发送至设备端，以使所述设备端基于所述第二信号输出超电混合能量。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述第一电极和所述第三电极为接触式电极且固定于同一个电极盘内。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，还包括提示组件，设置于所述手柄主体，并与所述信号电路板连接，所述提示组件用于根据所述第二信号产生对应的提示信息。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述提示组件为LED指示灯，所述对应的提示信息为LED指示灯的不同颜色。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述波导杆还用于通过所述换能器获得超声波振动，以驱动所述波导杆远端的刀头实现超声刀功能。
根据本公开实施例的外科器械，所述外套管的远端连接钳臂，所述钳臂与所述刀头用于实现双极高频电刀功能。
根据本公开实施例的技术方案，外科器械在获取超电混合能量的同时，利用共用的电极连接高频电流线路和信号电流线路，只需两个电极就实现了向信号电路板供电的功能，相比现有技术的三电极供电方式，简化了电路结构，降 低了电极接触不良的风险，提高了系统的稳定性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施方式中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
结合附图，通过以下非限制性实施方式的详细描述，本公开的其它特征、目的和优点将变得更加明显。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本公开的实施例提供的外科器械与换能器连接使用的示意图；
图2示出了根据本公开的实施例提供的外科器械的手柄主体内的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例提供的外科器械所连接的换能器的示意图；以及
图4示出了根据本公开的实施例提供的外科器械与换能器的电路连接框图。
附图标记：
1：外科器械                    144：旋钮
11：手柄主体                   15：信号电路板
12：第一电极                   16：第三电极
13：第二电极                   17：输入组件
14：操作部                     2：换能器
141：外套管                    21：传导杆
142：波导杆                 22：外壳
1421：刀头                     23：共用电极
143：钳臂                      24：信号电极
具体实施方式
下文中，将参考附图详细描述本公开的示例性实施例，以使本领域技术人员可容易地实现它们。此外，为了清楚起见，在附图中省略了与描述示例性实施例无关的部分。
在本公开中，应理解，诸如“包括”或“具有”等的术语旨在指示本说明书中所公开的特征、数字、步骤、行为、部件、部分或其组合的存在，并且不欲排除一个或多个其他特征、数字、步骤、行为、部件、部分或其组合存在或被添加的可能性。
另外还需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开。
在外科手术应用超电混合能量的场景下，外科器械的刀头和钳口要运用超电混合能量来执行手术操作。例如，一种模式下，刀头和钳口之间夹持组织后要形成高频电流的两极，从而实现电刀功能，另一种模式下，刀头只施行单纯的超声刀功能。此外，外科器械也要方便操作者来选择工作模式，或者查看工作状态。基于此需求，本公开提出的外科器械的具体实施方式如下。
本公开提供的适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械如图1所示。图1示出了该外科器械1与换能器2连接使用的示意。
图1中，外科器械1包括手柄主体11、第一电极12、第二电极13，和操作部14、信号电路板15和第三电极16。
第一电极11，设置在手柄主体11内部，靠近连接换能器的位置处(图中虚线所示)，用于与所连接的换能器2中的高频电流线路的一个电极连接。
第二电极12，在手柄主体11内部，靠近操作部14的位置(图中虚线所示)， 第二电极12与第一电极12之间有电连接。
操作部14，固定安装在手柄主体11的一端，远离换能器的一端。操作部14包括外套管141和在外套管141内的波导杆142。外套管141的远端连接钳臂143，近端连接第二电极13。波导杆142的远端为刀头1421，近端在手柄主体11内，用于与所连接的换能器2中的高频电流线路的另一个电极连接。外套管141和波导杆142均为导电体且相互绝缘，这样可以在刀头1421和钳臂143所形成的钳口处形成高频电流的两个电极。在一些实施例中，操作部14还包括一个旋钮144，设置在外套管141和波导杆142的近端，并与手柄主体11连接，通过该旋钮144可以转动波导杆142与所连接的换能器的传导杆进行螺接安装。
具有上述结构的外科器械1与换能器2连接时，高频电流经由外套管141和波导杆142传递到钳臂143和刀头1421，同时波导杆142也可以从所连接的换能器2获得超声波振动，驱动刀头1421实现超声刀功能，在由刀头1421和钳臂143所形成的钳口处实现双极电刀功能，从而可以在执行端运用超电混合能量实施外科手术操作，有利于改善手术效果。
信号电路板15，设置在手柄主体11内部，第三电极16，设置在手柄主体11内部靠近换能器2的位置。信号电路板15与第一电极12和第三电极16分别电连接。当外科器械1连接换能器2时，第一电极12不仅与换能器2中的高频电流线路的一个电极连接，还与信号电流线路的一个电极连接。高频电流线路和信号电流线路共用电极的连接方式，可以减少手柄中的一个电极，简化了手柄的结构，也降低了由于电极接触不良而产生的风险。由于高频电流通常是高压(例如220V)的差分信号，信号电流通常是低压(例如12V)的电平信号，两种不同信号的电流传输时共用电极，相互之间产生的串扰在可接受范围内，因此系统的安全性和稳定性可以得到保证。
信号电路板15是不包含电源的集成电路板，其所需的供电电流通过第一电极12和第三电极16来获得。有别于现有的外科器械中采用开关电路板需要 三个电极的结构，本公开实施例中的信号电路板只需要连接两个电极连接即可获得供电电流。同时，信号电流线路不仅具有供电功能，还兼有传输功能，信号电路板15与设备端之间的通信信号也是通过信号电流线路来传输的。
进一步地，根据本公开实施例的外科器械，还包括输入组件17，设置在手柄主体11上。信号电路板15能够接收输入组件17的输入指令而产生第一信号，该第一信号通过所连接的换能器2传送到设备端。
输入组件17可以是按压键开关和/或滑动键开关，与信号电路板15是接触式连接。例如，图1中，输入组件17包括两个手指按键开关，便于操作者在握持时用手指按压，还包括一个滑动键开关，可以有多个挡位，通过滑动键进行挡位选择。为了适应操作者的操作习惯，滑动键开关可以是两组，分别设置在手柄的两侧。输入组件17也可以是触摸屏，与信号电路板15电连接。输入组件17也可以是无线遥控器，与信号电路板15是无线连接。输入组件17所输入的指令可以根据需求而设定，例如，两个手指按键开关可以是能量挡位的选择，而滑动键开关可以是更细化的能量模式的选择，例如一种能量模式下先输出超声后输出电，另一种能量模式下为先输出超电混合再输出电，等等。信号电路板接收输入组件的输入指令而产生第一信号，第一信号通过信号电流线路发送至设备端，设备端可以基于第一信号输出超电混合能量。
进一步地，根据本公开实施例的外科器械，信号电路板15还可以基于对操作部14的工作状态进行检测而产生第二信号。例如，通过检测刀头1421和钳口143闭合后的阻抗值来判断钳口143处是否出现异常磨损，从而发出相应的提示信息。信号电路板15检测产生的第二信号还可以传输到设备端，通过设备端处理后向操作者进行提示，或者根据第二信号调制输出得到超电混合能量，或者用于检测耗材的使用次数等其他方面的性能改善，本公开对此不做限制。
外科器械1还可以包括提示组件，设置于手柄主体11上，信号电路板15可以根据对操作部的工作状态的检测向提示组件发出对应的提示信息。例如， 当提示组件是LED指示灯时，对应的提示信息是点亮不同颜色的指示灯向操作者指示操作部14的工作状态是否正常，便于操作者检测故障。提示组件也可以是音频指示部件，通过不同的警告音来提示操作者，也可以是音频+灯结合的指示部件。
图2为本公开实施例的外科器械的手柄主体内的结构示意图。
图2中，第一电极12和第三电极16都是环形接触式电极，且固定在同一个电极盘内，该电极盘的形状和位置的设置均与所连接的换能器2相配合，在电极盘的中央有通孔，便于换能器2的传导杆21通过而与波导杆142的近端进行连接。第二电极13在手柄主体的前部，为环形电极，以便外套管141通过第二电极13接通高频电流线路。信号电路板15在手柄主体11内部靠近输入组件的位置，信号电路板15的两个电极分别与第一电极12和第三电极13连接。
图3为与本公开实施例的外科器械1所连接的换能器2的结构示意图。
图3中，换能器2的前端为传导杆21，用来与外科器械1中的波导杆142连接，以传递超声波振动，并将高频电流线路的一个电极经波导杆142传递到刀头1421。换能器2的外壳22前端还有两个电极，一个是用于信号电流线路和高频电流线路的共用电极23，另一个是信号电极24，是信号电流线路的另一个电极。
为清楚起见，在图4中示意了根据本公开实施例的外科器械1与换能器2的线路连接关系。
图4中，换能器2产生的超声波振动通过传导杆21传递到波导杆142。高频电流线路的一个电极通过换能器共用电极23，经由第一电极12和第二电极13传递到外套管142，另一个电极经由波导杆142直接传递。信号电流线路的一个电极经由换能器2的共用电极23到外科器械1的第一电极12，连接信号电流板15，另一个电极经由换能器2的信号电极24到外科器械1的第三电极16，连接信号电路板15。通过上述结构，可以在外科手术中运用超电混合能量。 与此同时，利用共用电极，手柄主体内置的信号电路板15不仅可以获得供电，其产生的信号也可以经由换能器2中的信号电流线路传输到设备端，实现对手术过程的控制、优化等功能，帮助改善手术效果。
以上描述仅为本公开的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本公开中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本公开中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 适用于超电混合能量平台的外科器械，其特征在于，包括：
    手柄主体；
    操作部，固定安装于所述手柄主体的一端，所述操作部包括外套管和在所述外套管内的波导杆；
    第一电极，设于所述手柄主体的另一端，用于通过换能器连接同时高频电流线路的一个电极和信号电流线路的一个电极，并通过第二电极连接所述外套管；
    第三电极，设于所述手柄主体的另一端，用于通过所述换能器连接信号电流线路的另一个电极；
    信号电路板，设于所述手柄主体内部，并与所述第一电极和所述第三电极电连接以获得供电电流；
    其中，所述外套管和所述波导杆均为导电体且相互绝缘，所述波导杆的近端通过所述换能器连接高频电流线路的另一个电极，从而在所述外套管和所述波导杆的远端处形成高频电流的两个电极。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述信号电路板通过所述信号电流线路与设备端进行通信。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外科器械，其特征在于，还包括输入组件，设置于所述手柄主体，所述信号电路板接收所述输入组件的输入指令而产生第一信号，所述第一信号通过所述信号电流线路发送至设备端，以使所述设备端基于所述第一信号输出超电混合能量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述输入组件包 括按压键开关和滑动键开关。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述信号电路板基于对所述操作部工作状态的检测而产生第二信号，所述第二信号通过所述信号电流线路发送至设备端，以使所述设备端基于所述第二信号输出超电混合能量。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述第一电极和所述第三电极为接触式电极且固定于同一个电极盘内。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的外科器械，其特征在于，还包括提示组件，设置于所述手柄主体，并与所述信号电路板连接，所述提示组件用于根据所述第二信号产生对应的提示信息。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述提示组件为LED指示灯，所述对应的提示信息为LED指示灯的不同颜色。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述波导杆还用于通过所述换能器获得超声波振动，以驱动所述波导杆远端的刀头实现超声刀功能。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述外套管的远端连接钳臂，所述钳臂与所述刀头用于实现双极高频电刀功能。
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