WO2024140917A1 - 抗cd40抗体药物偶联物、其制备方法及其医药用途 - Google Patents
抗cd40抗体药物偶联物、其制备方法及其医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024140917A1 WO2024140917A1 PCT/CN2023/142780 CN2023142780W WO2024140917A1 WO 2024140917 A1 WO2024140917 A1 WO 2024140917A1 CN 2023142780 W CN2023142780 W CN 2023142780W WO 2024140917 A1 WO2024140917 A1 WO 2024140917A1
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- drug conjugate
- independently selected
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J71/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
Definitions
- the CD40/CD40L interaction has also been investigated to prevent transplant rejection, and the chimeric anti-CD40 antagonist ch5D12 was used in a rhesus monkey renal allograft study to show that CD40 antagonism was sufficient to improve disease progression and prolong survival.
- the mean survival time was more than 100 days.
- ch5D12 was combined with anti-CD86 antibody and given only at the beginning of the allogeneic transplant study, followed by extended treatment with cyclosporine, a mean survival time of more than 4 years was achieved, suggesting that this combination could potentially induce immune tolerance (Haanstra et al., 2005).
- ADCs Antibody drug conjugates
- Most ADCs in preclinical and clinical development are used for oncology indications, where cytotoxic payloads target cancer cells expressing antigens.
- modulation of pathogenic cell activity through ADC-mediated delivery of bioactive small molecules is also attractive for non-oncology indications, leading to the widespread application of this technology.
- the present disclosure provides anti-CD40 antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof, which comprise a heavy chain variable region (VH) and a light chain variable region (VL), wherein:
- the CDRs are defined according to the Kabat, IMGT, Chothia, AbM, or Contact numbering systems, e.g., according to the Kabat numbering system.
- the present disclosure provides an anti-CD40 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising:
- the heavy chain HCDR1, HCDR2 and HCDR3 comprise the sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 4 and 5, respectively; and/or, the light chain LCDR1 comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6; the light chain LCDR2 comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7; the light chain LCDR3 comprises the sequence shown in QGGYWTSTSNFGX1X2 (SEQ ID NO: 19), wherein X1 is selected from N, S, T or Q, and X2 is selected from V or G.
- the present disclosure provides an anti-CD40 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising:
- the heavy chain HCDR1, HCDR2 and HCDR3 comprise the sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:3, 4 and 5, respectively;
- the light chain LCDR1 comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:6;
- the light chain LCDR2 comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:7;
- the light chain LCDR3 comprises the sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO:8, 15-18.
- the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is a recombinant antibody.
- the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is a rabbit antibody, a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, a human antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
- VH comprises an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, or having at least 80% identity thereto
- VL comprises an amino acid sequence as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 9-12, or having at least 80% identity thereto;
- the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is an IgG antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, such as an IgG1, IgG2, IgG2, IgG4 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, such as an IgG1 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof having a 297A mutation, such as an IgG1 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof having one of 234A, 235A, 252Y, 254T and 256E or any combination thereof.
- the mutations are numbered according to the EU numbering convention.
- the amino acid sequence of the full-length heavy chain of the antigen-binding fragment of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 20 or 22 or has at least 80% identity thereto; the amino acid sequence of the full-length light chain is as shown in SEQ ID NO:21 or at least 80% identical thereto; or
- the heavy chain variable region of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof has 0 to 10 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) amino acid changes; the light chain variable region has 0 to 10 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) amino acid changes.
- the amino acid changes are conservative replacements, substitutions or modifications, and/or deletions or additions that do not affect the function.
- an anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment that binds to or competes for binding to the same epitope as afore-mentioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment.
- the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments reduce the binding of CD40 ligand to CD40 by at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90% or at least 95%.
- the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments bind to human CD40 with a KD of 10 "7 M, 10 "8 M, 10 "9 M, 10 "10 M, 10 "11 M or less.
- the present disclosure also provides a DNA molecule encoding any of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present disclosure.
- the polynucleotides of the present disclosure may also be in the form of a vector, may be present in a vector and/or may be part of a vector, such as a plasmid, a cosmid, a YAC or a viral vector.
- the vector may in particular be an expression vector, i.e. a vector that provides for expression of a VEGF binding molecule or a conjugate thereof in vitro and/or in vivo (i.e. in a suitable host cell, host organism and/or expression system).
- the expression vector typically comprises at least one polynucleotide of the present disclosure, which may be operably linked to one or more suitable expression control elements (e.g., promoters, enhancers, terminators, etc.).
- Regulatory elements and other elements useful or necessary for the expression of the anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present disclosure include, for example, promoters, enhancers, terminators, integration factors, selection markers, leader sequences, and reporter genes.
- polynucleotides of the present disclosure can be prepared or obtained by known means (eg, by automated DNA synthesis and/or recombinant DNA technology) based on the information of the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides of the present disclosure, and/or can be isolated from suitable natural sources.
- the present disclosure provides a host cell expressing an anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present disclosure or containing a polynucleotide or vector of the present disclosure.
- the host cell is a bacterial cell, a fungal cell or a mammalian cell.
- mammalian cells examples include HEK293 cells, CHO cells, BHK cells, HeLa cells, COS cells, and the like.
- the host cells used in the present disclosure are incapable of developing into a completed plant or animal individual.
- the VH comprises HCDR1, HCDR2 and HCDR3 in the VH as shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 13-14
- the VL comprises LCDR1, LCDR2 and LCDR3 in the VL as shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-12; or
- VH comprises an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, or a sequence that is at least 80% identical thereto
- VL comprises an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, or a sequence that is at least 80% identical thereto.
- the antibody-drug conjugate it is an antibody-drug conjugate with a structure shown in formula (I): Ab-(LD) k (I);
- Ab is any of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof;
- D is an effector molecule with immunosuppressive activity.
- L is a linker that covalently links Ab to D
- k is an integer or decimal of 1-20 (including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or any decimal or integer between any two of the foregoing values).
- k is 4 ⁇ 0.4, 4 ⁇ 0.5, 4 ⁇ 0.6, 4 ⁇ 0.8.
- k is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, etc.
- D is selected from glucocorticoid receptor agonists, calcineurin inhibitors, or mTOR kinase inhibitors.
- D can also be other compounds, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and other substances with immunosuppressive activity.
- Ring C and Ring D are each independently selected from an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a condensed aryl group or a condensed heteroaryl group optionally substituted by one or more substituents Q 1 , and at least one of Ring C and Ring D is selected from a condensed aryl group or a condensed heteroaryl group optionally substituted by one or more substituents Q 1 ;
- R 6a , R 6b are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, thiol, deuterium, oxo, thio, nitro, cyano or the following groups optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1 : alkyl, -NR i R j , -C(O)R k , -C(O)OR k , -S(O)R k , -S(O)OR k , -S(O)(O)R k , -S(O)OR k , -S(O)(O)R k , -S(O)(O)OR k , -C(S)R k , alkoxy, alkylthio, alkenyl and alkynyl, or R 6a , R 6b together with the adjacent carbon atoms form a 3- to 10-membered cycloalkyl group;
- R 1 is each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy, wherein the alkyl and alkoxy are each independently optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, deuterium, amino, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl and hydroxyalkyl;
- R 2c are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -CH 2 OH or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
- R 2d and R 2e are each independently selected from hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
- R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen or hydroxy
- n are each independently selected from integers from 1 to 6;
- R i and R j are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group;
- R k is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, and a -NR i R j , wherein the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, and the haloalkyl group are optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a halogen group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, -NR i R j , an oxo group, a thioxo group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a C 1 -C
- R5a is hydrogen or alkyl
- R5b is not hydrogen or alkyl
- R 1a is each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, and the alkyl and alkoxy are each independently optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogen, deuterium, amino, cyano and hydroxy.
- R 2b are each independently selected from C 1 -C 6 alkyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
- n are each independently selected from integers from 1 to 6;
- the substituent groups Q 1 are each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, mercapto, deuterium, oxo, thioxo, cyano, amino, carboxyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy or halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;
- R 5a is oxo or thioxo, preferably oxo.
- R 3 is fluoro
- the stretching unit is selected from
- the linker is:
- k is an integer or decimal selected from 1-10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or any decimal or integer between any two of the foregoing values). In some embodiments, k is 4 ⁇ 0.4, 4 ⁇ 0.5, 4 ⁇ 0.6, 4 ⁇ 0.8. For example, k is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, etc.
- the antibody-drug conjugate is selected from any antibody-drug conjugate structure disclosed in WO2022166779A1.
- the antibody-drug conjugate has improved anti-transplant rejection activity.
- the anti-transplant rejection activity of the antibody-drug conjugate in the present disclosure is significantly better than anti-CD40 antibodies, anti-CD40 antibodies combined with glucocorticoids, and better than dexamethasone.
- the antibody-drug conjugate has improved safety.
- reduced toxic and side effects include but are not limited to a reduction in the effect on body weight, a reduced effect on endogenous corticosterone release, and a reduced effect on the bone formation indicator P1NP.
- WO2023143351A1 discloses a glucocorticoid drug conjugate, and the entire disclosure is incorporated herein by reference Its contents include the structure and preparation method of antibody-drug conjugates.
- Ab is an anti-CD40 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present disclosure
- D is glucocorticoid
- L is a linker that covalently links Ab to D
- k is an integer or decimal selected from 1-20 (including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or any number between any two numbers).
- the enzyme is a cathepsin
- the linker is a linker that cathepsin can cleave.
- the linker that the enzyme can cleave shows one or more of the above-mentioned improved characteristics.
- the linker comprises a stretcher unit, a chemical structural fragment that is covalently linked to the antibody at one end through a carbon atom and is linked to an amino acid unit, a disulfide moiety, a sulfonamide moiety, or a non-peptide chemical moiety at the other end.
- stretchers include, but are not limited to
- the linker comprises an amino acid unit
- the amino acid unit preferably comprises 2 to 7 amino acids selected from phenylalanine, glycine, valine, lysine, citrulline, serine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, homolysine, n-methyl-valine, (q is an integer of 1-6) amino acids
- exemplary amino acid units include, but are not limited to, valine-citrulline (Val-Cit), alanine-phenylalanine (Ala-Phe); phenylalanine-lysine (Phe-Lys), phenylalanine-homolysine (Phe-Homolys), n-methyl-valine-citrulline (Me-Val-Cit), alanine-alanine (Ala-Ala), glycine-glutamic acid (Gly-Glu), glutamic acid-alanine-alanine (Glu-Ala-Ala) and glycine-lysine (
- the linker comprises a spacer unit connected to D.
- the spacer unit comprises p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl (PAB),
- the Spacer unit comprises p-aminobenzoyl
- the spacer unit comprises:
- L c in -NH(CH 2 ) n1 -L a -L b -L c - represents -NHCH 2 -.
- L a represents -O- or a single bond
- L b represents -CR 8 (R 9 )- or a single bond
- R 8 and R 9 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C 3-6 cycloalkyl group.
- L a represents -O- or a single bond
- L b represents -CR 8 (R 9 )- or a single bond
- L c represents -CH 2 -.
- L a represents -O- or a single bond
- L b represents -CR 8 (R 9 )- or a single bond
- L c represents -CH 2 -
- R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl.
- -NH(CH 2 ) n1 -L a -L b -L c - in the antibody-drug conjugate is: -NHCH 2 -, -NHCH 2 CH 2 -, -NHCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, -NHCH 2 -O-CH 2 -, -NHCH 2 CH 2 -O-CH 2 -, -NH(CH 2 ) 3 -C(O)-, -NHCH 2 -O-CH 2 -C(O)-, -NH(CH 2 ) 2 -O-CH 2 -C(O)-, -NH(CH 2 ) 2 -O-CH 2 -C(O)-,
- -NH-(CH 2 ) n1 -L a -L b -L c - is -NHCH 2 - or -NHCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -.
- the spacer unit in the linker comprises (PEG) 4 .
- ADCs comprising shorter spacer units e.g., (PEG) 4
- exhibit lower aggregation levels and/or higher drug loading relative to ADCs comprising longer spacer units e.g., (PEG) 8 ).
- L-D is a chemical moiety represented by the following formula:
- Str is a stretching unit covalently linked to Ab.
- Pep is selected from an amino acid unit, a disulfide moiety, a sulfonamide moiety, or the following non-peptide chemical moieties:
- W is -NH-heterocycloalkylene- or heterocycloalkylene
- Y is heteroarylene, arylene, -C(O)C 1-6 alkylene, C 2-6 alkenylene, C 1-6 alkylene or -C 1-6 alkylene-NH-
- each R 16 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, -(C 1-6 alkylene)NHC(NH)NH 2 or -(C 1-6 alkylene)NHC(O)NH 2
- R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl , C 2-6 alkenyl , aryl , heteroaryl, or R 17 and R 18 together can form a C 3-6 cycloalkyl
- R 19 and R 20 are each independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, (C 1-6 alkyl)OCH 2 -, or R 19 and R 20 are each independently selected from C
- Str is selected from a chemical moiety represented by the following formula:
- R 21 is selected from -W1-C(O)-, -C(O)-W1-C(O)-, (CH 2 CH 2 O) p1 C(O)-, (CH 2 CH 2 O) p1 CH 2 C(O)-, (CH 2 CH 2 O) p1 CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-, wherein p1 is an integer from 1 to 20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20), W1 is selected from C 1-6 alkylene, C 1-6 alkylene-cycloalkyl or a straight-chain heteroalkyl of 1 to 8 atoms, the heteroalkyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O or S, wherein the alkyl, cycloalkyl and straight-chain heteroalkyl are each independently optionally substituted by one or more selected from halogen, deuterium, hydroxy, cyano, amino, C The group is substituted with C 1-6 alkyl
- L 1 is selected from -NR 22 (CH 2 CH 2 O) p1 CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-, -NR 22 (CH 2 CH 2 O) p1 CH 2 C(O)-, -S(CH 2 ) p1 C(O)-, -(CH 2 ) p1 C(O)- or a single bond, preferably a single bond;
- p1 is an integer from 1 to 20
- R 22 is selected from a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group or a deuterated C 1-6 alkyl group.
- R 21 in the antibody-drug conjugate Str is selected from C 1-6 alkylene C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 2 C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 3 C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 4 C(O)-, -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 4 CH 2 C(O)-, and -(CH 2 -CH 2 O) 4 CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-.
- the Pep is selected from valine-citrulline (Val-Cit), alanine-alanine-asparagine (Ala-Ala-Asn), glycine-glycine-lysine (Gly-Gly-lys), valine-lysine (Val-lys), valine-alanine (Val-Ala), valine-phenylalanine (Val-Phe) or glycine-glycine-phenylalanine-glycine (Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly).
- the Sp is selected from -NHCH2- , -NHCH2CH2- , -NHCH2CH2CH2- , -NHCH2 - O - CH2- , -NHCH2CH2 - O- CH2- , -NH(CH2)3-C(O)-, -NHCH2 -O- CH2 - C(O)-, -NH(CH2) 2 - O- CH2 - C(O)-,
- the linker L in the antibody-drug conjugate comprises: maleimide-(PEG) 4 -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly, maleimide-(PEG) 2 -Val-Cit, maleimide-(PEG) 6 -Val-Cit, maleimide-(PEG) 8 -Val-Cit, maleimide-(PEG) 4 -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-Val-lys, maleimide-(CH 2 ) 5 -Val-Cit, maleimide-(CH 2 ) 5 -Val-lys, maleimide-(CH 2 ) 5 -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly, maleimide-(PEG) 2 -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly, maleimide-(PEG) 2 -Ala-Ala-Asn, maleimide-(PEG) 6 -Ala-Ala-Asn
- the linker L in the antibody-drug conjugate comprises: -CH2C (O)NH-(PEG) 4 - CH2CH2C (O ) -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly, -CH2C ( O)NH-(PEG) 2 -Val-Cit, -CH2C(O)NH-(PEG ) 6 -Val-Cit, -CH2C(O ) NH-(PEG) 8- Val-Cit, -CH2C(O)NH-(PEG) 4 - CH2CH2C (O ) -Val-lys, -CH2C (O)NH-( CH2 ) 5 -Val-Cit, -CH2C (O)NH-( CH2 ) 5 -Val-lys, -CH2C (O)NH-( CH2 ) 5 -Val-lys, -CH2C ( O)NH-( CH2 ) 5 -Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly,
- k is selected from 1 to 10, and can be an integer or a decimal
- p1 is selected from 2, 4, 6 or 8
- p3 and p4 are each independently selected from 0, 1 or 2;
- k is selected from 1 to 10, and can be an integer or a decimal
- p1 is selected from 2, 4, 6 or 8
- p3 and p4 are each independently selected from 0, 1 or 2;
- the disclosed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is selected from:
- k is an integer or decimal of 1-10 (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or any decimal or integer between any two of the foregoing values).
- k is 4 ⁇ 0.4, 4 ⁇ 0.5, 4 ⁇ 0.6, 4 ⁇ 0.8.
- k is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, etc.
- ADC antibody-drug conjugate
- k is an integer or decimal of 1-10 (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or any decimal or integer between any two of the foregoing values).
- k is 4 ⁇ 0.4, 4 ⁇ 0.5, 4 ⁇ 0.6, 4 ⁇ 0.8.
- k is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, etc.
- p1 is selected from 2, 4, 6 or 8, and p3 and p4 are each independently selected from 0, 1 or 2.
- the antibody-drug conjugate comprises any linker and/or drug moiety disclosed in WO2023143351A1.
- the antibody-drug conjugate has improved anti-transplant rejection activity.
- the anti-transplant rejection activity of the antibody-drug conjugate in the present disclosure is significantly better than anti-CD40 antibodies, anti-CD40 antibodies combined with glucocorticoids, and better than dexamethasone.
- the antibody-drug conjugate has improved safety.
- reduced toxic and side effects include but are not limited to a reduction in the effect on body weight, a reduced effect on endogenous corticosterone release, and a reduced effect on the bone formation indicator P1NP.
- the present disclosure provides a composition comprising the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate, for example, a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically or palliatively effective amount of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent or carrier.
- the unit dosage of the pharmaceutical composition may contain 0.01 to 99% by weight of the anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate, or the amount of the anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate contained in a unit dose of the pharmaceutical composition is 0.1-2000 mg, and in some specific embodiments, 1-1000 mg.
- the unit dosage of the pharmaceutical composition may contain 0.01 to 99% by weight of the antibody-drug conjugate, or the amount of the antibody-drug conjugate contained in a unit dose of the pharmaceutical composition is 0.1-2000 mg, and in some specific embodiments, 1-1000 mg.
- a combination or composition of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, antibody-drug conjugate and one or more additional immunosuppressants is provided.
- the composition is, for example, a pharmaceutical composition.
- the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent or carrier.
- an article of manufacture comprising the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, or antibody-drug conjugate.
- the article of manufacture comprises a container and a label.
- the container is, for example, a bottle, a syringe, and a test tube.
- the container holds a composition effective for treating a condition.
- the label on or connected to the container indicates that the composition is used to treat the selected condition.
- the composition contains the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, or antibody-drug conjugate.
- the present disclosure provides methods for using the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof, antibody-drug conjugates, or pharmaceutical compositions to treat, intervene, prevent, or diagnose a disease or condition.
- the present disclosure provides the use of the anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure in the preparation of a drug for treating or alleviating autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host disease, or alleviating transplant rejection.
- a method for inducing peripheral B cell depletion and related pharmaceutical uses comprising administering to a subject an inducing effective amount of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
- methods for treating or alleviating a disease or condition and related pharmaceutical uses comprising administering an effective amount of the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody or its antigen-binding fragment, antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition to a subject in need thereof, wherein the disease or condition may be CD40-related or CD40-unrelated.
- the disease or condition is an immune disease.
- the disease or condition is a transplant rejection reaction.
- a method for treating or alleviating graft-versus-host disease or transplant rejection comprising administering the aforementioned anti-CD40 antibody-drug conjugate or pharmaceutical composition to a subject in need thereof.
- an antibody-drug conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition for preparing a drug for treating or alleviating graft-versus-host disease or transplant rejection.
- the transplant is a solid organ and/or tissue transplant.
- the antibody-drug conjugates provided by the present disclosure can be used to treat or alleviate autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host disease, and/or transplant rejection.
- the present disclosure provides the use of the antibody-drug conjugates herein in the preparation of a medicament for treating or alleviating autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host disease and/or transplant rejection.
- Cells that endogenously express CD40 are any cells characterized by surface expression of CD40, including but not limited to normal and neoplastic B cells, interdigitating cells, basal epithelial cells, cancer cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, follicular dendritic cells, tonsillar cells, and bone marrow-derived plasma cells.
- the linker may comprise one or more linker components.
- exemplary linker components include 6-maleimidocaproyl (MC), maleimidopropionyl (MP), valine-citrulline (Val-Cit or vc), alanine-phenylalanine (ala-phe), p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl (PAB), and those derived from coupling with linker reagents: N-succinimidyl 4-(2-pyridylthio) pentanoate (SPP), N-succinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1 carboxylate (SMCC, also referred to herein as MCC) and N-succinimidyl (4-iodo-ethyl) cyclohexane-1 carboxylate (SMCC, also referred to herein as MCC) and N-succinimidyl (4-iodo-ethyl) cyclohe
- the linker can include a stretching unit, a spacer unit, an amino acid unit, and an extension unit. It can be synthesized by methods known in the art, such as those described in US2005-0238649A1.
- the linker can be a "cleavable linker" that is convenient for releasing the drug in the cell.
- an acid-labile linker e.g., a hydrazone
- a protease-sensitive e.g., a peptidase-sensitive
- a photolabile linker a dimethyl linker
- disulfide-containing linker can be used (Chari et al., Cancer Research 52: 127-131 (1992); U.S. Patent No. 5,208,020).
- stretcher refers to a chemical structural fragment that is covalently linked to an antibody via a carbon atom at one end and is linked to an amino acid unit, a disulfide moiety, a sulfonamide moiety, or a non-peptide chemical moiety at the other end.
- spacer unit is a bifunctional chemical structure fragment that can be used to couple the amino acid unit and the effector molecule to ultimately form an antibody-drug conjugate. This coupling method can selectively connect the effector molecule to the amino acid unit.
- amino acid refers to an organic compound that contains an amino group and a carboxyl group in its molecular structure, and both the amino group and the carboxyl group are directly connected to the -CH- structure.
- the general formula is H2NCHRCOOH, where R is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, etc. Depending on the position of the amino group attached to the carbon atom in the carboxylic acid, it can be divided into ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ...-amino acids.
- amino acids that constitute natural proteins have their specific structural characteristics, that is, their amino groups are directly connected to the ⁇ -carbon atom, that is, ⁇ -amino acids, including glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, aspartic acid, histidine, asparagine, glutamic acid, lysine, glutamine, methionine, arginine, serine, threonine, cysteine, proline, etc.
- Non-natural amino acids such as citrulline.
- non-natural amino acids do not constitute natural proteins and therefore do not participate in the synthesis of antibodies in the present disclosure.
- the three letter codes and one letter codes for amino acids used in this disclosure are as described in J. biol. chem, 243, p3558 (1968).
- antibody-drug conjugate refers to an antibody connected to a biologically active drug via a stable linker.
- ADC antibody-drug conjugate
- ADC monoclonal antibody or antibody fragment connected to an effector molecule with immunosuppressive activity via a stable linker.
- the antibody or antibody fragment can be combined with the effector molecule containing a linker through a specific group therein (such as an interchain disulfide bond).
- the effector molecule has an anti-autoimmune disease activity. In some embodiments, the effector molecule has an anti-transplant rejection activity.
- the effector molecule is selected from a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, a glucocorticoid, a calcineurin inhibitor, or a rapamycin target protein (mTOR) kinase inhibitor.
- the effector molecule can also be a polypeptide, nucleic acid, protein, compound, etc. having immunosuppressive activity.
- drug loading refers to the average amount of drug loaded per antibody-drug conjugate molecule in a population of antibody-drug conjugates, and can also be expressed as the ratio of the amount of drug to the amount of antibody.
- the drug loading range can be 1-20, preferably 1-10 effector molecules (D) attached to each antibody (Ab).
- the loading The drug amount is expressed as k, which can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or the average of any two values. Preferably, it is 1-10, more preferably 1-8, or 2-8, or 2-7, or 3-8, or 3-7, or 3-6, or 4-7, or 4-6, or 4-5.
- the average amount of drug per ADC molecule after the coupling reaction can be identified by conventional methods such as UV/visible light spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ELISA test, monoclonal antibody molecular size variant determination method (CE-SDS) and HPLC characteristics.
- the monoclonal antibody molecular size variant determination method (CE-SDS) disclosed in the present invention can adopt the sodium dodecyl sulfate capillary electrophoresis (CE-SDS) ultraviolet detection method to quantitatively determine the purity of the recombinant monoclonal antibody product according to the capillary electrophoresis method (2015 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" 0542) based on the molecular weight under reducing and non-reducing conditions.
- CE-SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate capillary electrophoresis
- the drug moiety is coupled to the N-terminal amino group and/or the ⁇ -amino group of a lysine residue of the antibody via a linker.
- the number of drug molecules that can be coupled to the antibody in the coupling reaction will be less than the theoretical maximum value.
- the loading capacity of the antibody-drug conjugate can be controlled by the following non-limiting methods, including:
- antibody refers to immunoglobulin, which is a tetrapeptide chain structure composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains connected by interchain disulfide bonds.
- the amino acid composition and arrangement order of the constant region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain are different, so their antigenicity is also different.
- immunoglobulins can be divided into five categories, or isotypes of immunoglobulins, namely IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA and IgE, and their corresponding heavy chains are ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain, and ⁇ chain respectively.
- the same class of Ig can be divided into different subclasses according to the difference in the amino acid composition of its hinge region and the number and position of disulfide bonds in the heavy chain, such as IgG can be divided into IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4.
- Light chains are divided into ⁇ chains or ⁇ chains according to the difference in constant regions.
- Each of the five classes of Ig can have ⁇ chains or ⁇ chains.
- variable region The sequences of about 110 amino acids near the N-terminus of the antibody heavy and light chains vary greatly, which is the variable region (Fv region); the remaining amino acid sequences near the C-terminus are relatively stable, which is the constant region.
- the variable region includes three hypervariable regions (HVRs) and four relatively conservative framework regions (FRs). The three hypervariable regions determine the specificity of the antibody, also known as the complementarity determining regions (CDRs).
- CDRs complementarity determining regions
- Each light chain variable region (LCVR) and heavy chain variable region (HCVR) consists of three CDR regions and four FR regions, arranged in the order from the amino terminus to the carboxyl terminus: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4.
- the three CDR regions of the light chain refer to LCDR1, LCDR2, and LCDR3; the three CDR regions of the heavy chain refer to HCDR1, HCDR2, and HCDR3.
- the antibodies disclosed herein include murine antibodies, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies and fully human antibodies, with humanized antibodies and fully human antibodies being preferred.
- murine antibody in this disclosure refers to antibodies prepared in mice according to the knowledge and skills in the art. When preparing, a test subject is injected with a specific antigen, and then a hybridoma expressing an antibody with the desired sequence or functional characteristics is isolated.
- chimeric antibody refers to an antibody that is a fusion of the variable region of a mouse antibody with the constant region of a human antibody, which can reduce the immune response induced by the mouse antibody.
- humanized antibody also known as CDR-grafted antibody, refers to an antibody produced by transplanting mouse CDR sequences into human antibody variable region frameworks, that is, different types of human germline antibody framework sequences. It can overcome the heterologous response induced by chimeric antibodies carrying a large amount of mouse protein components.
- framework sequences can be obtained from public DNA databases including germline antibody gene sequences or published references.
- germline DNA sequences of human heavy chain and light chain variable region genes can be found in the "VBase" human germline sequence database (available on the Internet at www.mrccpe.com.ac.uk/vbase), and in Kabat, E.A. et al., 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th edition.
- human antibody variable region framework sequence can be subjected to minimal reverse mutations or back mutations to maintain activity.
- Humanized antibodies of the present disclosure also include humanized antibodies further subjected to affinity maturation of CDR by phage display.
- the literature further describing the method for humanization using mouse antibodies includes, for example, Queen et al., Proc., Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 2869, 1991 and the method of Winter and colleagues [Jones et al., Nature, 321, 522 (1986), Riechmann, et al., Nature, 332, 323-327 (1988), Verhoeyen, et al., Science, 239, 1534 (1988)].
- antigen-binding fragment refers to one or more fragments of an antibody that retain the ability to specifically bind to an antigen. It has been shown that fragments of full-length antibodies can be used to perform the antigen-binding function of an antibody.
- binding fragments included in "antigen-binding fragments" include (i) Fab fragments, monovalent fragments consisting of VL, VH, CL and CH1 domains; (ii) F(ab') 2 fragments, bivalent fragments comprising two Fab fragments connected by a disulfide bridge on the hinge region; (iii) Fd fragments consisting of VH and CH1 domains; (iv) Fv fragments consisting of the VH and VL domains of a single arm of an antibody; (v) single domain or dAb fragments (Ward et al., (1989) Nature 341: 544-546), which consist of a VH domain; and (vi) isolated complementarity determining regions (CDRs) or (vii) combinations
- the two domains VL and VH of the Fv fragment are encoded by separate genes, they can be connected by synthetic linkers using recombinant methods, so that they can be produced as a single protein chain in which the VL and VH regions are paired to form a monovalent molecule (called single-chain Fv (scFv); see, for example, Bird et al. (1988) Science 242: 423-426; and Huston et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 85: 5879-5883).
- single-chain Fv single-chain Fv
- Such single-chain antibodies are also intended to be included in the term "antigen-binding fragment" of an antibody.
- Antigen-binding portions can be produced by recombinant DNA technology or by enzymatic or chemical cleavage of intact immunoglobulins.
- the antibodies can be of different isotypes, for example, IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4 subtype), IgA1, IgA2, IgD, IgE, or IgM antibodies.
- Fab is an antibody fragment having a molecular weight of about 50,000 and having antigen-binding activity among fragments obtained by treating IgG antibody molecules with the protease papain (cleaving the amino acid residue at position 224 of the H chain), in which about half of the N-terminal side of the H chain and the entire L chain are bound together by a disulfide bond.
- F(ab') 2 is obtained by digesting the IgG hinge region below the two disulfide bonds with the enzyme pepsin.
- Fab' is an antibody fragment having a molecular weight of about 50,000 and having antigen-binding activity obtained by cleaving the disulfide bond of the hinge region of the above-mentioned F(ab') 2 .
- the Fab' fragment of the antibody can be produced by inserting a DNA encoding the Fab' fragment into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector and introducing the vector into a prokaryotic organism or a eukaryotic organism to express the Fab'.
- CDR refers to one of the six hypervariable regions that mainly contribute to antigen binding in the variable domain of an antibody.
- One of the most commonly used definitions of the six CDRs is provided by Kabat EA et al. (1991) Sequences of proteins of immunological interest. NIH Publication 91-3242).
- the Kabat definition of CDR is only applied to CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 (CDR L1, CDR L2, CDR L3 or L1, L2, L3) of the light chain variable domain, and CDR2 and CDR3 (CDR H2, CDR H3 or H2, H3) of the heavy chain variable domain.
- the CDR amino acid residues in the heavy chain variable domain (VH) are numbered 31-35 (HCDR1), 50-65 (HCDR2) and 95-102 (HCDR3); the CDR amino acid residues in the light chain variable domain (VL) are numbered 24-34 (LCDR1), 50-56 (LCDR2) and 89-97 (LCDR3).
- the CDR amino acid residues in VH are numbered 26-32 (HCDR1), 52-56 (HCDR2) and 95-102 (HCDR3); and the amino acid residues in VL are numbered 26-32 (LCDR1), 50-52 (LCDR2) and 91-96 (LCDR3).
- the CDRs consist of amino acid residues 26-35 (HCDR1), 50-65 (HCDR2), and 95-102 (HCDR3) in human VH and amino acid residues 24-34 (LCDR1), 50-56 (LCDR2), and 89-97 (LCDR3) in human VL.
- the CDR amino acid residues in VH The numbers are roughly 26-35 (CDR1), 51-57 (CDR2) and 93-102 (CDR3), and the CDR amino acid residues in VL are roughly 27-32 (CDR1), 50-52 (CDR2) and 89-97 (CDR3).
- the CDR region of an antibody can be determined using the program IMGT/DomainGap Align.
- antibody framework refers to a portion of a variable domain VL or VH that serves as a scaffold for the antigen binding loops (CDRs) of the variable domain. Essentially, it is a variable domain without CDRs.
- epitope refers to a site on an antigen to which an immunoglobulin or antibody specifically binds.
- An epitope typically includes at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 consecutive or non-consecutive amino acids in a unique spatial conformation (see, e.g., Epitope Mapping Protocols in Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 66, G. E. Morris, Ed. (1996)).
- binding refers to the binding of an antibody to a predetermined epitope on an antigen.
- the antibody binds with an affinity (KD) of less than about 10-7 M, for example, less than about 10-8 M, 10-9 M or 10-10 M or less.
- nucleic acid molecule refers to DNA molecules and RNA molecules. Nucleic acid molecules can be single-stranded or double-stranded, but are preferably double-stranded DNA. A nucleic acid is "operably linked" when it is placed in a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence. For example, if a promoter or enhancer affects the transcription of a coding sequence, then the promoter or enhancer is operably linked to the coding sequence.
- vector refers to a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another nucleic acid connected thereto.
- the vector is a "plasmid", which refers to a circular double-stranded DNA loop into which other DNA segments can be connected.
- the vector is a viral vector, in which other DNA segments can be connected to the viral genome.
- the vector disclosed herein can be autonomously replicated in the host cell introduced therein (e.g., bacterial vectors and additional mammalian vectors with a bacterial origin of replication) or can be integrated into the genome of the host cell after being introduced into the host cell, thereby replicating with the host genome (e.g., non-additional mammalian vectors).
- Antigen-binding fragments can also be prepared by conventional methods.
- the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments of the invention are genetically engineered to add one or more human FR regions to the non-human CDR region.
- Human FR germline sequences can be obtained from the ImMunoGeneTics (IMGT) website http://imgt.cines.fr by comparing the IMGT human antibody variable region germline gene database and MOE software, or from the Journal of Immunoglobulins, 2001 ISBN012441351.
- host cell refers to a cell into which an expression vector has been introduced.
- Host cells may include bacteria, microorganisms, plants or animal cells. Easily transformed bacteria include members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, such as strains of Escherichia coli or Salmonella; Bacillaceae, such as Bacillus subtilis; Pneumococcus; Streptococcus and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Suitable microorganisms include Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris.
- Suitable animal host cell lines include CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Line) and NS0 cells.
- the engineered antibodies or antigen-binding fragments disclosed herein can be prepared and purified by conventional methods.
- cDNA sequences encoding heavy and light chains can be cloned and recombined into GS expression vectors.
- the recombinant immunoglobulin expression vector can stably transfect CHO cells.
- mammalian expression systems lead to glycosylation of antibodies, especially at the highly conserved N-terminal site in the Fc region.
- Positive clones are expanded in serum-free culture medium in a bioreactor to produce antibodies.
- the culture fluid that secretes antibodies can be purified by conventional techniques. For example, purification is performed using an A or G Sepharose FF column containing an adjusted buffer.
- amino acid sequence identity refers to the percentage of amino acid residues in a first sequence that are identical to the amino acid residues in a second sequence, while aligning the amino acid sequences and, if necessary, introducing gaps to achieve maximum sequence identity percentage, and not considering any conservative substitutions as part of the sequence identity.
- alignment can be achieved in a variety of ways within the scope of the art, for example, using publicly available computer software such as BLAST, BLAST-2, ALIGN, ALIGN-2 or Megalign (DNASTAR) software. Those skilled in the art can determine the parameters suitable for measuring alignment, including any algorithm required to achieve maximum alignment over the full length of the compared sequences.
- anti-CD40 antibody or "antibody that binds to CD40” refers to an antibody that is capable of binding to CD40, e.g., with sufficient affinity, such that the antibody can be used as a therapeutic agent targeting CD40.
- the extent of binding of the anti-CD40 antibody to unrelated, non-CD40 proteins can be less than about 10% of the binding of the antibody to CD40 as measured, e.g., by radioimmunoassay (RIA).
- RIA radioimmunoassay
- the antibody that binds to CD40 has a dissociation constant (Kd) of ⁇ 1 ⁇ M, ⁇ 100 nM, ⁇ 10 nM, ⁇ 1 nM, or ⁇ 0.1 nM.
- peptide refers to a compound fragment between amino acids and proteins. It is composed of two or more amino acid molecules connected to each other by peptide bonds. It is a structural and functional fragment of protein. Hormones, enzymes, etc. are essentially peptides.
- cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent, wherein the cycloalkyl ring contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- spirocarbocycle refers to the ring system in the spirocycloalkyl.
- Non-limiting examples of spirocycloalkyl include:
- aryl refers to a 6- to 14-membered all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic (i.e., rings that share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) group with a conjugated ⁇ electron system, preferably 6- to 10-membered, such as phenyl and naphthyl.
- the aryl ring may be fused to a heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring that is attached to the parent structure is the aryl ring.
- “Aromatic ring” refers to the ring system in an aryl group.
- Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include:
- heteroaryl ring can be fused to an aryl, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring connected to the parent structure is a heteroaryl ring.
- Heteroaromatic ring refers to the ring system in the heteroaryl group.
- Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl include:
- fused heteroaryl may be an unsaturated fused ring structure with aromaticity containing 5-14 ring atoms (including at least one heteroatom) which is formed by two or more ring structures sharing two adjacent atoms to form a structure, wherein the carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms and sulfur atoms may be substituted with oxygen, preferably "5-12 membered fused heteroaryl", “7-12 membered fused heteroaryl”, “9-12 membered fused heteroaryl” and the like, for example, benzofuranyl, benzisofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, indolyl, isoindole, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, quinolyl, 2-quinolinone, 4-quinolinone, 1-isoquinolinone, isoquinolyl, acridinyl, phenanthridinyl, benzopyridazinyl, phthalazin
- the fused heteroaryl group may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents are preferably one or more of the following groups independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, halogen, mercapto, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyloxy, heterocycloalkyloxy, cycloalkylthio, heterocycloalkylthio, carboxyl or carboxylate.
- halogen refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- cyano refers to -CN.
- acyl halide refers to a compound containing the group -C(O)-halogen.
- Figures 9A to 9B The inhibitory activity results of Fc-mutated CD40 antagonist antibodies in the B cell activation experimental system
- Figure 9A is the CD19+CD69+ cell MFI inhibition results of 9E6-L4H2 and 9E6-L4H2-AAYTE
- Figure 9B is the CD19+CD69+ cell MFI inhibition results of 2F12-L4H2 and 2F12-L4H2-AAYTE.
- Figures 12A and 12B The results of the inhibitory activity of anti-CD40-ADC in the B cell activation experimental system.
- Figures 12A and 12B are the results of the inhibition of the percentage of CD19+CD69+ cells of 9E6-L4H2, ADC-1 and ADC-2 in PBMCs derived from donor 1 ( Figure 12A) and donor 2 ( Figure 12B). Both Figures 12A and 12B use human IgG1 isotype hIgG1 as a negative control.
- variable region sequence is connected to the human antibody IgG1 constant region sequence (with N297A mutation, Eu numbering system) and the human kappa chain constant region sequence to obtain the human-rabbit chimeric antibody sequence.
- the chimeric antibody sequence is inserted into the expression vector using molecular cloning technology, and the human-rabbit chimeric antibody is obtained using the HEK293 cell expression system.
- Raji cells are tumor cell lines that overexpress human CD40.
- 2E5 Raji cells were seeded onto 96-well plates. 100 ⁇ L of the antibody to be tested was added, the highest final concentration was 100 nM, 5-fold dilution, a total of 8 concentrations, and incubated at 4°C for 1 hour. Wash once with washing solution, add anti-human IgG antibody conjugated to AF647 (Jackson Immunoresearch Laborotories, catalog number 205-609-088) at a dilution of 1:500, and incubate at 4°C for 30 minutes. Wash once with washing solution, and read the fluorescence intensity by flow cytometry. Calculate the EC 50 value of the binding of anti-CD40 antibody to CD40.
- the anti-CD40 antagonist antibody CFZ533 (i.e., Iscalimab, Nova) was used as a positive control, and the heavy chain and light chain variable region sequences were derived from sequence 5 and sequence 2 of US8277810B, respectively.
- HEK-Blue CD40L cells were purchased from Invivogen (Cat#hkb-cd40) and were stably transfected with human CD40 gene and NF-kB-mediated SEAP gene group can characterize the activation level of CD40 signaling pathway by detecting SEAP secreted in the supernatant with SEAP substrate QUANTI-Blue.
- the activation of CD40L on HEK-Blue CD40L cells was detected, and the in vitro antagonist activity of anti-CD40 antibodies was evaluated according to the IC 50 size.
- HEK-Blue CD40L cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS, 100 ⁇ g/mL Zeocin and 30 ⁇ g/mL Blasticidin, and passaged 2 to 3 times a week, with a passage ratio of 1:5 or 1:10. During passage, the culture medium was aspirated, the cell layer was rinsed with 5mL of 0.25% trypsin, and then the trypsin was aspirated, the cells were digested in an incubator for 3 to 5 minutes, and fresh culture medium was added to resuspend the cells. Add 100 ⁇ L of cell suspension to a 96-well cell culture plate at a density of 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 cells/mL.
- the CDR region of the rabbit antibody is transplanted onto the selected human germline template to replace the human germline variable region, and then recombined with the corresponding human IgG constant region (preferably IgG1 with N297A mutation in the heavy chain and ⁇ in the light chain). Then, based on the three-dimensional structure of the rabbit antibody, the buried residues, residues that directly interact with the CDR region, and residues that have an important influence on the conformation of VL and VH are back-mutated, and potential post-translational modification risk points are mutated to obtain the final humanized molecule.
- the humanized light and heavy residues corresponding to 9E6 are shown as examples. Chain variable region sequences (see Table 7), where L represents the light chain, H represents the heavy chain, and the numbers after L and H represent different versions of the humanized sequences containing different back mutations.
- the antibody to be tested was affinity captured on an anti-human Fc chip, and then a series of concentration gradients of human or cynomolgus monkey CD40 antigens with a His tag were passed through the chip surface.
- the reaction signal was detected in real time using a Biacore instrument to obtain the binding and dissociation curves.
- the buffer used in the experiment was HBS-EP+10 ⁇ buffer solution (Cat.#BR-1006-69, GE), which was diluted to 1 ⁇ (pH 7.4) with D.I. Water.
- the data obtained from the experiment were fitted with the (1:1) Binding model to obtain the affinity values, see Table 9.
- the cells were centrifuged, 20 ⁇ L of cell supernatant was transferred to a new 96-well white plate, 180 ⁇ L of QUANTI-Blue substrate solution was added, and the plate was incubated in the dark for 15 minutes.
- the absorbance at 620 nm was measured using an Envision microplate reader, and the IC 50 value was calculated to evaluate the in vitro cell activity of the CD40 antagonist antibody.
- Example 9 Inhibitory activity of anti-CD40 antibodies in a B cell activation experimental system
- CD40 is highly expressed on B cells.
- CD40L binding to CD40 can induce B cell activation and upregulate the expression of a series of activation markers.
- CD40 antagonist antibodies block the binding of CD40L to CD40, thereby eliminating the immune activation process of B cells.
- Human PBMCs were plated into 96-well cell culture plates (culture medium: RPMI-1640, 10% FBS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin) at 2E5/well and 50 ⁇ L per well. 50 ⁇ L of gradient dilution of the antibody to be tested was added to each well and incubated for 0.5 hours at 37°C and 5% CO 2. CD40L-his and anti-His antibodies were added to each well and stimulated overnight. The next day, the supernatant was removed by centrifugation, the cells were washed twice with FACS buffer, and 100 ⁇ L of 1:1000 diluted Fixable viability dye EF780 (Invitrogen, 65086514) was added for staining at room temperature for 15 minutes.
- Fixable viability dye EF780 Invitrogen, 650865144
- the CD19+CD69+ signals were lower than the background value, which may be due to the inhibition of the background activation of B cells to a certain extent (in addition to the inhibition of CD40L-induced signals).
- the results are shown in Figure 6B and Tables 16-18.
- the CD40 antagonist antibody can significantly improve the mouse skin graft score and prolong the survival time of the skin graft.
- the scoring starts from the 8th day.
- 9E6-L4H2 and 2F12-L4H2 showed better anti-graft rejection activity than the control antibody CFZ533.
- Example 17 Inhibitory activity of anti-CD40 antibodies carrying AAYTE mutations in Fc in DC cell activation experimental system
- the inhibitory activity of anti-CD40 antibodies 2F12-L4H2-AAYTE and 9E6-L4H2-AAYTE carrying AAYTE mutation on Fc was detected in the DC cell activation experimental system.
- the results are shown in Figures 10A to 10D, and the Fc mutant anti-CD40 antibodies have similar DC cell inhibitory activity as the parent anti-CD40 antibody.
- TCEP.HCl tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride
- Example 20 Affinity determination of anti-CD40-ADC to human CD40 and cynomolgus monkey CD40
- ADC-1 and ADC-2 specifically activated the GRE reporter gene cell line expressing CD40, but had no activity in the GRE reporter gene cell line not expressing CD40.
- the control molecule ref-ADC (the control molecule is CN111465399A, the ADC molecule shown in Example 13-Hydrolysis in Table 6B; the antibody corresponds to Ab102, which comprises a heavy chain shown in Sequence 3 and a light chain shown in Sequence 4; CN111465399A is incorporated by reference in its entirety into the present disclosure) was more active in the CD40-GRE cell line, but showed non-specific activation activity in the GRE reporter gene cell line not expressing CD40.
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Abstract
涉及抗CD40抗体药物偶联物、其制备方法及其医药用途。具体地涉及包含抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段的抗体-药物偶联物、包含所述抗体-药物偶联物的药物组合物,以及其用于治疗自身免疫性疾病、移植物抗宿主病和/或移植排斥反应的方法和相关制药用途。
Description
本公开要求如下专利申请的优先权:于2022年12月28日提交,申请号为CN202211699375.2的中国专利申请,前述专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合至本公开中。
本公开涉及生物医药领域,具体而言,本公开涉及一种抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物,包含所述抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物的药物组合物,以及用于治疗自身免疫疾病(包括移植物抗宿主病、移植排异)的方法和相关制药用途。
CD40属于肿瘤坏死因子受体(TNFR)超家族,是一种定位在细胞膜表面的I型跨膜糖蛋白,分子量约为48kDa,在免疫系统中发挥重要作用。CD40表达在多种免疫细胞中,如B细胞、树突细胞、单核细胞和巨噬细胞,也在血小板上表达,并且在某些条件下可以在嗜酸性粒细胞和实质细胞上表达。CD40的天然配体为CD154或CD40L,是一种Ⅱ型跨膜蛋白,可在多种细胞类型上诱导表达,包括活化的CD4+T细胞、NK细胞、血小板和B细胞(Pucino V等人,2020)。
CD40L结合CD40后,可招募TRAF并通过NF-kB、JNK和MAPK通路介导下游信号传导,发挥多种细胞类型依赖性活化结果,包括免疫细胞激活与增殖、炎症因子和趋化因子分泌等(Vonderheide RH等人,2007)。例如,通过所述途径的信号传导对于适应性免疫系统的若干重要效应子功能是必需的,包括原发性T细胞依赖性抗体应答(TDAR)、B细胞增殖、生发中心(GC)形成、免疫球蛋白(Ig)同种型转换、体细胞突变、以及记忆B细胞和浆细胞的分化(Foy TM等人,1993;Foy TM等人,1994)。除了对B细胞产生影响外,CD40途径活化为DC成熟和功能以及单核细胞和巨噬细胞存活和细胞因子分泌提供了重要信号(Caux,C等人,1994)。
CD40信号通路的功能调节障碍可导致自身免疫疾病(Karnell JL等人,2018)。CD40-CD40L信号通路被发现参与炎症组织中实质细胞的功能:来自肾、唾液腺和皮肤等部位,可分泌趋化因子的活化上皮细胞能够响应CD40。此外,CD40或CD40L在动脉粥样硬化患者及临床前动脉粥样硬化模型的病变部位中的表达水平均升高。CD40可刺激诱导基质降解酶的表达,促进与动脉粥样硬化致病相关的细胞类型如内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞及巨噬细胞等中的组织因子表达(Michel NA等人,2017)。CD40通路上调IL-1、IL-6及IL-8等炎症因子、以及细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、E-选择素(E-selectin)及血管细胞黏附分子(VCAM)等的粘附分子的生成。CD40/CD40L相互作用还被用来预防移植排异,在恒河猴的肾脏同种异体移植研究中使用嵌合抗CD40拮抗剂ch5D12表明,CD40的拮抗作用足以改善病情并延长平
均存活时间超过100天。当将ch5D12与抗CD86抗体组合并仅在同种异体移植研究开始时给予,随后用环孢素进行延长治疗时,实现大于4年的平均存活时间,这表明这种组合可潜在地诱导免疫耐受性(Haanstra等人,2005)。
大量临床前研究提供了CD40/CD40L相互作用在促进T细胞依赖性免疫应答中的关键作用的证据。因此,CD40信号传导的阻断被认为是在抑制致病性自身免疫应答的合适且需要的治疗策略。目前,尚未批准任何抗CD40抗体用于此类疾病的治疗。
抗体药物偶联物(antibody drug conjugate,ADC),是指单克隆抗体或者抗体片段通过稳定的化学接头化合物与具有生物活性的药物相连。临床前和临床开发中的大多数ADC都用于肿瘤适应症,其中细胞毒性有效载荷靶向表达抗原的癌细胞。但是,通过ADC介导的生物活性小分子的传递来调节病原性细胞活性对于非肿瘤学适应症也是有吸引力的,从而导致了该技术的广泛应用。
目前,本领域仍然亟需可用于干预CD40-CD40L的相互作用并阻断CD40信号传导的治疗剂。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种抗体-药物偶联物,包含所述抗体-药物偶联物的药物组合物,其用于治疗或干预自身免疫疾病(包括移植物抗宿主病、移植排异)的方法和相关制药用途。
抗CD40抗体、其抗原结合片段
一方面,本公开提供抗CD40抗体及其抗原结合片段,其包含重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL),其中:
a-1)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13-14中任一所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12中任一所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3;或
a-2)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3。
在一些实施方案中,所述CDR是根据Kabat、IMGT、Chothia、AbM或Contact编号系统定义的,例如,根据Kabat编号系统定义。
一些具体实施方案中,本公开提供抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:
重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4和5所示的序列;和/或,轻链LCDR1,其包含如SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列;轻链LCDR2,其包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列;轻链LCDR3,其包含如QGGYWTSTSNFGX1X2(SEQ ID NO:19)所示的序列,其中,X1选自N、S、T或Q,X2选自V或G。
一些具体实施方案中,本公开提供抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:
重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4和5所示的序列;轻链LCDR1,其包含如SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列;轻链LCDR2,其包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列;轻链LCDR3,其包含如SEQ ID NO:8、15-18中任一所示的序列。
一些具体实施方案中,本公开提供抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含前述HCDR1、HCDR2、HCDR3、LCDR1、LCDR2、LCDR3中的任一个,或其任意组合。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段为重组抗体。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段为兔源抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体、人抗体或其抗原结合片段。
一些实施方案中,当前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段为人源化抗体时,重链框架区源自IGHV2-26*01、IGHV4-30-4*02、IGHV4-4*08、和IGHJ1*01;和/或,轻链框架区源自IGkV1-13*02、IGkV1-9*01、IGkV1-6*01、和IGKJ4*01。例如,重链框架区的FR1-FR3源自IGHV2-26*01、IGHV4-30-4*02、和IGHV4-4*08,重链框架区的FR4源自IGHJ1*01;轻链框架区的FR1-FR3源自IGkV1-13*02、IGkV1-9*01、和IGkV1-6*01,轻链框架区的FR4源自IGKJ4*01。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含VH和VL,其中,
A-1)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12任一所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列;
A-2)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:14所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12任一所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列;
A-3)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段为IgG抗体或其抗原结合片段,例如为IgG1、IgG2、IgG2、IgG4抗体或其抗原结合片段,例如为具有297A突变的IgG1抗体或其抗原结合片段,例如为具有234A、235A、252Y、254T和256E中之一或其任意组合的IgG1抗体或其抗原结合片段。所述突变根据EU编号规则编号。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体的抗原结合片段为Fab、Fv、sFv、Fab’、F(ab’)2、线性抗体、单链抗体、scFv、sdAb、sdFv、纳米抗体、肽抗体peptibody、结构域抗体和多特异性抗体(双特异性抗体、diabody、triabody和tetrabody、串联二-scFv、串联三-scFv),例如为scFv、Fv、Fab或Fab’片段。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体的抗原结合片段的重链全长的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:20或22所示或与之具有至少80%同一性;轻链全长的氨基酸序列如
SEQ ID NO:21所示或与之具有至少80%同一性;或
如前所述的“至少80%同一性”例如包含至少81%、至少82%、至少83%、至少84%、至少85%、至少86%、至少87%、至少88%、至少89%、至少90%、至少91%、至少92%、至少93%、至少94%、至少95%、至少96%、至少97%、至少98%、至少99%同一性。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段的重链可变区有0至10个(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个)氨基酸变化;轻链可变区有0至10个(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个)氨基酸变化。在一些具体实施方案中,所述氨基酸变化为保守的替换、取代或修饰,和/或不影响功能的缺失、添加。
一些实施方案中,提供抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段,其与前述抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段结合或竞争结合相同的表位。
一些实施方案中,提供抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段,其阻断前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段与CD40(例如人CD40)的结合。
一些实施方案中,提供抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段,其与CD40(例如人CD40)的结合被前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段阻断。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段具有以下至少一项:
(i)以10nM或更低的KD结合人CD40;
(ii)无明显的激动活性。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段使CD40配体与CD40的结合降低至少45%、至少50%、至少60%、至少75%、至少80%、至少90%或至少95%。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或抗原结合片段以10-7M、10-8M、10-9M、10-10M、10-11M或更低的KD结合人CD40。
一些实施方案中,提供CD40结合分子,包含前述任意的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段。
一些实施方案中,本公开提供经分离的多核苷酸,其编码本公开的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段。所述分离的多核苷酸可以为RNA、DNA或cDNA。根据本公开的一些实施方案,本公开的多核苷酸是分离的多核苷酸。
一些实施方案中,本公开还提供DNA分子,其编码前述本公开任意的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段。
本公开的多核苷酸也可呈载体形式,可存在于载体中和/或可为载体的一部分,该载体例如质粒、粘端质粒、YAC或病毒载体。载体可尤其为表达载体,即可提供VEGF结合分子或其缀合物体外和/或体内(即在适合宿主细胞、宿主有机体和/或表达系统中)表达的载体。该表达载体通常包含至少一种本公开的多核苷酸,其可操作地连接至一个或多个适合的表达调控元件(例如启动子、增强子、终止子等)。针对在特定宿主中的表达对所述元件及其序列进行选择为本领域技术人员的常识。
对本公开的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段的表达有用或必需的调控元件及其他元件例如为启动子、增强子、终止子、整合因子、选择标记物、前导序列、报告基因。
本公开的多核苷酸可基于本公开的多肽的氨基酸序列的信息通过已知的方式(例如通过自动DNA合成和/或重组DNA技术)制备或获得,和/或可从适合的天然来源加以分离。
一些实施方案中,本公开提供表达本公开的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段或含有本公开的多核苷酸或载体的宿主细胞。一些实施方案中,所述宿主细胞为细菌细胞、真菌细胞或哺乳动物细胞。
细菌细胞例如包括革兰氏阴性细菌菌株(例如大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)菌株、变形杆菌属(Proteus)菌株及假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)菌株)及革兰氏阳性细菌菌株(例如芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)菌株、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)菌株、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)菌株及乳球菌属(Lactococcus)菌株)的细胞。
真菌细胞例如包括木霉属(Trichoderma)、脉孢菌属(Neurospora)及曲菌属(Aspergillus)的物种的细胞;或者包括酵母属(Saccharomyces)(例如酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae))、裂殖酵母属(Schizosaccharomyces)(例如粟酒裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe))、毕赤酵母属(Pichia)(例如巴斯德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)及嗜甲醇毕赤酵母(Pichia methanolica))及汉森酵母属(Hansenula)的物种的细胞。
哺乳动物细胞例如包括例如HEK293细胞、CHO细胞、BHK细胞、HeLa细胞、COS细胞等。
然而,本公开也可使用两栖类细胞、昆虫细胞、植物细胞及本领域中用于表达异源蛋白的任何其他细胞。
在一个实施方案中,本公开中使用的宿主细胞不能发育成完成的植株或动物个体。
抗体-药物偶联物
本公开提供一种抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物,其包含抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段是本公开任意的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL),其中:
a-1)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13-14中任一所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12中任一所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3;或
a-2)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3;
在一些实施方案中,所述CDR是根据Kabat、IMGT、Chothia、AbM或Contact编号系统定义的。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含:
重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4和5所示的序列;和轻链LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:6、7和19所示的序列。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含:
重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4、5所示的序列;轻链LCDR1,其包含如SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列;轻链LCDR2,其包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列;和轻链LCDR3,其包含如SEQ ID NO:8、15-18任一所示的序列。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含VH和VL,其中:
A-1)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12任一所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列;
A-2)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:14所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12任一所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列;或
A-3)VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列,VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,所述抗CD40抗体的抗原结合片段包含重链和轻链,其中:
重链包含如SEQ ID NO:20或22所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列;轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:21所示或与之具有至少80%同一性的氨基酸序列。
在抗体-药物偶联物的一些实施方案中,其为式(I)所示结构的抗体-药物偶联物:
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
其中,Ab为前述任一种的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段;
D为具有免疫抑制活性的效应分子。
L为将Ab共价连接于D的连接子,k为1-20的整数或小数(包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20或前述任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。在一些实施方案中,k为4±0.4、4±0.5、4±0.6、4±0.8。例如,k为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0等。
在一些实施方案中,D选自糖皮质激素受体激动剂、钙调磷酸酶抑制剂、或雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)激酶抑制剂。在另一些实施方案中,D还可以是其他具有免疫抑制活性的化合物、多肽、蛋白、核酸等物质。
在一些实施方案中,D为糖皮质激素受体激动剂,例如是选自WO2022166779A1公开的任意结构的糖皮质激素受体激动剂。
在一些实施方案中,D为糖皮质激素,例如地塞米松、泼尼松、泼尼松龙、布地奈德、莫米松、丙酸倍氯米松、氟替卡松、曲安奈德和环索奈德。在一些实施方案中,D为布地奈德。
在一些实施方案中,D为钙调磷酸酶抑制剂(Calcineurin inhibitors,CAI),例如是他克莫司(tacrolimus)、伏环孢素(Voclosporin)、环孢素A(CsA)。
在一些实施方案中,D为雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)激酶抑制剂,例如为雷帕霉素(rapamycin)、依维莫司和替西罗莫司。
抗体-药物(糖皮质激素受体激动剂)偶联物
WO2022166779A1公开了一种糖皮质激素受体激动剂的抗体-药物偶联物,本本公开全文引入其内容,包括抗体-药物偶联物的结构、制备方法。
本公开提供一种式(I)所示结构的抗体-药物偶联物:
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
其中,Ab为本公开的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段;
D为糖皮质激素;
L为将Ab共价连接于D的连接子,k为1-20的整数或小数(包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20或任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。
在一些实施方案中,D如下式所示:
其中,
R1a各自独立地选自氢、烷基和烷氧基,所述的烷基和烷氧基任选被选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、氘、氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基和羟烷基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
环A选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;
环B选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;
X1选自-(CR5aR5b)m-、任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;
R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、硝基、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、烷氧基、烷硫基、烯基和炔基;
环C、环D各自独立地选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基、杂芳基、稠环芳基或稠杂芳基,且环C、环D中至少有一个选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的稠环芳基或稠杂芳基;
X2选自-(CR6aR6b)n-、任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)(O)-、-NR6c-、-CH2S-、-CH2O-、-NHCR6dR6e-、-CR6f=CR6g-、-C≡C-或者X不存在;
R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、硝基、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、烷氧基、烷硫基、烯基和炔基,或者R6a、R6b与其相邻的碳原子一起形成3元至10元环烷基;
R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
R1各自独立地选自氢、烷基或烷氧基,其中所述的烷基和烷氧基各自独立地任选被选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、氘、氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基和羟烷基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R2各自独立地选自-CH2OH、-CH2SH、-CH2Cl、-SCH2Cl、-SCH2F、-SCH2CF3、-OH、-OCH2CN、-OCH2Cl、-OCH2F、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-SCH2CN、
R2a各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;
R2b各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
R2c各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、-CH2OH或C1-C6烷氧基;
R2d和R2e各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;
R3各自独立地选自氢或卤素;
R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素或羟基;
m、n各自独立地选自1至6的整数;
取代基团Q1各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基、卤素、氘、羟基、巯基、-NRiRj、氧代、硫代、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、硝基、氰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、3至10元环烷基、3至10元杂环基、6至10元芳基、5至10元杂芳基、8至12元稠环芳基和5至12元稠杂芳基;
Ri、Rj各自独立地选自氢原子、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基;Rk独立地选自氢原子、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、-NRiRj,其中所述的烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基任选被选自C1-C6烷基、卤素、羟基、巯基、-NRiRj、氧代、硫代、羧基、硝基、氰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、3至10元环烷基、3至10元杂环基、6至10元芳基和5至10元杂芳基中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
条件是当R5a为氢或烷基时,R5b不为氢或烷基。
在某些实施方案中,R1a各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基和C1-C6烷氧基,所述的烷基和烷氧基各自独立地任选被选自C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、卤素、氘、氨基、氰基和羟基中的一个或多个取代基所取代。
在某些实施方案中,R1a各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,环A选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,环A选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的
在某些实施方案中,环B选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,环B选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的
在某些实施方案中,X1选自-(CR5aR5b)m-、任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、硝基、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基和C2-C6炔基。
在某些实施方案中,R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基和C2-C6炔基。
在某些实施方案中,R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)Rk、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6烯基和C2-C6炔基。
在某些实施方案中,R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk或C1-C6烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,环C、环D各自独立地选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基、5至10元杂芳基、8至12元稠环芳基或5至12元稠杂芳基,所述杂芳基或稠杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,环C、环D各自独立地选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:
在某些实施方案中,环C选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的:
在某些实施方案中,环D选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,环D选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的
在某些实施方案中,X2选自-(CR6aR6b)n-、-O-、-S-、-NR6c-、-CH2S-、-CH2O-、-NHCR6dR6e-,或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子。
在某些实施方案中,R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基和C2-C6炔基,或者R6a、R6b与其相邻的碳原子一起形成3元至10元环烷基。
在某些实施方案中,R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧
代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)Rk、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6烯基和C2-C6炔基,或者R6a、R6b与其相邻的碳原子一起形成3元至10元环烷基。
在某些实施方案中,R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk或C1-C6烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,R1各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基,优选氢。
在某些实施方案中,R4各自独立地选自氢。
在某些实施方案中,取代基团Q1各自独立地选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基、氨基、羧基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或卤代C1-C6烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,Rk独立地选自氢原子、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、-NRiRj。
在某些实施方案中,-D如下式所示:
其中,
R1a各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
环A选自所述环A任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代;
环B选自所述环B任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代;
X1选自-(CR5aR5b)m-或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基,所述杂芳基包含至少一个氮原子;
R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk或C1-C6烷氧基;
环C选自
所述环C任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代;
环D选自所述环D任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代;
X2选自-(CR6aR6b)n-、-O-、-S-、-NR6c-、-CH2S-、-CH2O-、-NHCR6dR6e-,或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的6至10元芳基或5至10元杂芳基;
R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk或C1-C6烷氧基;
R6c、R6d、R6e各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
R2各自独立地选自-CH2OH、-CH2SH、-CH2Cl、-SCH2Cl、-SCH2F、-SCH2CF3、-OH、-OCH2CN、-OCH2Cl、-OCH2F、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-SCH2CN、
R2a各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;
R2b各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;
R2c各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、-CH2OH或C1-C6烷氧基;
R2d和R2e各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;
R3各自独立地选自氢或卤素;
m、n各自独立地选自1至6的整数;
取代基团Q1各自独立地选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基、氨基、羧基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或卤代C1-C6烷氧基;
Ri、Rj各自独立地选自氢原子、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基;Rk独立地选自氢原子、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、-NRiRj;
条件是当R5a为氢或烷基时,R5b不为氢或烷基。
在某些实施方案中,R1a为氢。
在某些实施方案中,X1选自-(CR5aR5b)m-或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的:
在某些实施方案中,R5a、R5b均为氟。
在某些实施方案中,R5a为氧代或硫代,优选氧代。
在某些实施方案中,X2选自-(CR6aR6b)n-或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的:
在某些实施方案中,R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基、C1-C6烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)ORk或C1-C6烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,R2各自独立地选自-CH2OH、-CH2SH、-OH或
在某些实施方案中,R3为氢。
在某些实施方案中,R3为氟。
在某些实施方案中,k为1-10之间的任意数值,优选2-5之间的任意数值。k可以为整数,也可以为小数。
在一些具体的实施方案中,D为如下结构所示:
在某些实施方案中,连接子在细胞外是稳定的,使得ADC在存在于细胞外环境中时保持完整,但在细胞中内化时能够裂解。在某些实施方案中,当ADC进入表达对ADC的抗体部分具有特异性的抗原的细胞时,糖皮质激素受体激动剂药物部分从抗体部分裂解,且裂解释放糖皮质激素受体激动剂的未修饰形式。
在某些实施方案中,连接子中的可裂解部分为可裂解肽部分。在某些实施方案中,相对于包含其他可裂解部分的ADC,包含可裂解肽部分的ADC显示较低的聚集水平,改善的抗体与药物比率。在某些实施方案中,相对于不可裂解的连接子,添加可裂解部分增加细胞毒性和/或效力。在某些实施方案中,可裂解肽部分能够由酶裂解,且连接子为酶能够裂解的连接子。在某些实施方案中,酶为组织蛋白酶,且连接子为组织蛋白酶能够裂解的连接子。在某些实施方案中,与其它分裂机制相比,酶能够裂解的连接子(例如组织蛋白酶能够裂解的连接子)显示上述改善特性中的一种或多种。
在某些实施方案中,连接子包含氨基酸单元L2,所述氨基酸单元优选包含由2至7个选自苯丙氨酸、甘氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸、瓜氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、高赖氨酸、n-甲基-缬氨酸、(q为1-6的整数)的氨基酸构成的肽残基,示例性氨基酸单元包括但不限于缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸(Ala-Phe);苯丙氨酸-赖氨酸(Phe-Lys)、苯丙氨酸-高赖氨酸(Phe-Homolys)、n-甲基-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Me-Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Ala-Ala)、甘氨酸-谷氨酸(Gly-Glu)、谷氨酸-丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Glu-Ala-Ala)和甘氨酸-赖氨酸(Gly-Lys)、甘氨酸-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Glv-Val-Cit)和甘氨酸-甘氨酸-甘氨酸(Gly-Gly-Gly)、
在某些实施方案中,连接子包含拉伸单元,其一端通过碳原子与抗体共价连接而另一端与氨基酸单元、二硫化物部分、磺酰胺部分或非肽化学部分相连的化学结构片段。示例性拉伸单元包括但不限于
在某些实施方案中,所述拉伸单元选自
其中p各自独立地选自1、2、3、4、5或6。
在某些实施方式中,连接子选自
在某些实施方式中,连接子选自
在一些具体的实施方案中,连接子为:
在某些实施方式中,所述的抗体-药物偶联物选自:
其中,Ab、D、k如前所述,p各自独立地选自1、2、3、4、5或6。
在某些实施方式中,所述的抗体-药物偶联物选自
k选自1-10的整数或小数(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或前述任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。在一些实施方案中,k为4±0.4、4±0.5、4±0.6、4±0.8。例如,k为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0等。
在一些具体的实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物如下所示:
其中,k为1-10的整数或小数(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或前述任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。在一些实施方案中,k为4±0.4、4±0.5、4±0.6、4±0.8。例如,k为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0等。
在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物选自WO2022166779A1公开的任意的抗体-药物偶联物结构。
在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物具有提高的抗移植排斥活性。本公开中抗体-药物偶联物的抗移植排斥活性显著优于抗CD40抗体、抗CD40抗体与糖皮质激素联用,并且优于地塞米松。在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物具有提高的安全性。例如,降低的毒副作用。在一些实施方案中,降低的毒副作用包括但不限于对体重影响的降低,降低的对内源皮质酮释放的影响,降低的对骨生成指标P1NP的影响。
抗体-药物(糖皮质激素)偶联物
WO2023143351A1公开了一种糖皮质激素的药物偶联物,本本公开全文引入
其内容,包括抗体-药物偶联物的结构、制备方法。
本公开提供一种式(I)所示结构的抗体-药物偶联物:
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
Ab-(L-D)k (I);
其中,Ab为本公开的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段;
D为糖皮质激素;
L为将Ab共价连接于D的连接子,k选自1-20的整数或小数(包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20或任意两数值之间任意数值)。
在一些实施方案中,D如下式所示:
在某些实施方案中,k为1-10之间的任意数值,优选2-5之间的任意数值。k可以为整数,也可以为小数。
在某些实施方案中,连接子在细胞外是稳定的,使得ADC在存在于细胞外环境中时保持完整,但在细胞中内化时能够裂解。在一些实施方案中,当ADC进入表达对ADC的抗体部分具有特异性的抗原的细胞时,糖皮质激素药物部分从抗体部分裂解,且裂解释放糖皮质激素的未修饰形式。
在某些实施方案中,连接子中的可裂解部分为可裂解肽部分。在一些实施方案中,相对于包含其他可裂解部分的ADC,包含可裂解肽部分的ADC显示较低的聚集水平,改善的抗体与药物比率。在某些实施方案中,相对于不可裂解的连接子,添加可裂解部分增加细胞毒性和/或效力。在一些实施方案中,可裂解肽部分能够由酶裂解,且连接子为酶能够裂解的连接子。在一些实施方案中,酶为组织蛋白酶,且连接子为组织蛋白酶能够裂解的连接子。在某些实施方案中,与其它分裂机制相比,酶能够裂解的连接子(例如组织蛋白酶能够裂解的连接子)显示上述改善特性中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方案中,连接子包含拉伸单元,其一端通过碳原子与抗体共价连接而另一端与氨基酸单元、二硫化物部分、磺酰胺部分或非肽化学部分相连的化学结构片段。示例性拉伸单元包括但不限于
在一些实施方案中,连接子包含氨基酸单元,所述氨基酸单元优选包含由2至7个选自苯丙氨酸、甘氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸、瓜氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、高赖氨酸、n-甲基-缬氨酸、(q为1-6的整数)的氨基酸构成的肽残基,示例性氨基酸单元包括但不限于缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸(Ala-Phe);苯丙氨酸-赖氨酸(Phe-Lys)、苯丙氨酸-高赖氨酸(Phe-Homolys)、n-甲基-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Me-Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Ala-Ala)、甘氨酸-谷氨酸(Gly-Glu)、谷氨酸-丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Glu-Ala-Ala)和甘氨酸-赖氨酸(Gly-Lys)、甘氨酸-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Glv-Val-Cit)和甘氨酸-甘氨酸-甘氨酸(Gly-Gly-Gly)、
在一些实施方案中,连接子可以包含至少一种聚乙二醇(PEG)部分。PEG部分可以例如包含-(PEG)p1-,其中p1为整数1至20,例如(PEG)2;(PEG)4;(PEG)5。
在一些实施方案中,所述连接子包含连接于D的间隔单元。在一些实施方案中,所述间隔单元包含对氨基苯甲氧基羰基(PAB),
在一些实施方案中,所述间隔单元包含对氨基苯甲酰基,
在一些实施方案中,所述间隔单元包含:
-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-,其中n1选自0-6之间整数;La表示-C(=O)-NH-、-NR7-(CH2)n2-、-O-或单键,R7选自氢、C1-6烷基、-(CH2)n3-COOH、-(CH2)n4-OH,n3选自1-4之间整数,n4选自1-6之间整数;Lb表示-CR8(R9)-、-O-、-NR10-或单键,R8和R9独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n5-NH2、-(CH2)n6-COOH、-(CH2)n7-OH,R10选自氢或C1-6烷基,n5选自0-6之间整数,n6选自1-4之间整数,n7选自1-4之间整数,且n5为0时,R8与R9不相同,或者R8和R9与其相连接的碳原子一起形成C3-6环烷基;Lc表示-CH2-或-C(=O)-。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中Lc表示-NHCH2-。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中R8和R9独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基,例如氢、甲基、乙基或环丙基。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中La表示-O-或单键,Lb表示-CR8(R9)-或单键,Lc表示-C(=O)-,R8和R9与其相连接的碳原子一起形成C3-6环烷基。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中La表示-O-或单键,Lb表示-CR8(R9)-或单键,Lc表示-C(=O)-,R8和R9独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基、-(CH2)n5-NH2、-(CH2)n6-COOH、-(CH2)n7-OH,R10选自氢或C1-6烷基,n5选自0-6之间整数,n6选自1-4之间整数,n7选自1-4之间整数,且n5为0时,R8与R9不相同。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中La表示-O-或单键,Lb表示-CR8(R9)-或单键,Lc表示-CH2-。
在一些实施方案中,-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-中La表示-O-或单键,Lb表示-CR8(R9)-或单键,Lc表示-CH2-,R8和R9独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基,优选氢、甲基、乙基或环丙基。
在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物中-NH(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-为:-NHCH2-、-NHCH2CH2-、-NHCH2CH2CH2-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-、-NHCH2CH2-O-CH2-、-NH(CH2)3-C(O)-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-C(O)-、-NH(CH2)2-O-CH2-C(O)-、
在一些实施方案中,-NH-(CH2)n1-La-Lb-Lc-为-NHCH2-或-NHCH2CH2CH2-。
在一些实施方案中,连接子中的间隔子单元包含(PEG)4。在一些实施方案中,尽管连接子长度较短,但相对于包含较长间隔子单元(例如(PEG)8)的ADC,包含较短间隔子单元(例如(PEG)4)的ADC显示较低的聚集水平和/或较高的药物负载。
另一方面,本公开抗体偶联物(ADC)中L-D是由下式表示的化学部分:
-Str-Pep-Sp-D
Str是与Ab共价连接的伸展基单元,
Sp为间隔单元,
Pep选自氨基酸单元、二硫化物部分、磺酰胺部分或以下非肽化学部分:
其中,W是-NH-亚杂环烷基-或杂环烷基;Y是亚杂芳基、亚芳基、-C(O)C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基、C1-6亚烷基或-C1-6亚烷基-NH-;每个R16独立选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、-(C1-6亚烷基)NHC(NH)NH2或-(C1-6亚烷基)NHC(O)NH2;R17和R18各自独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基,或R17和R18一起可形成C3-6环烷基;R19和R20各自独立选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基、(C1-6烷基)OCH2-,或R19和R20一起可形成C3-6环烷基环。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体-药物偶联物(ADC)中Str选自下式表示的化学部分:
其中R21选自-W1-C(O)-、-C(O)-W1-C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1CH2C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1CH2CH2C(O)-,其中p1为1至20的整数(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19或20),W1选自C1-6亚烷基、C1-6亚烷基-环烷基或1至8个原子的直链杂烷基,所述杂烷基包含1至3个选自N、O或S的杂原子,其中所述烷基、环烷基和直链杂烷基各自独立地任选被一个或多个选自卤素、氘、羟基、氰基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、氘代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基和C3-6环烷基所取代;
L1选自-NR22(CH2CH2O)p1CH2CH2C(O)-、-NR22(CH2CH2O)p1CH2C(O)-、-S(CH2)p1C(O)-、-(CH2)p1C(O)-或单键,优选单键;p1为1至20的整数,R22选自氢原子、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基或氘代C1-6烷基。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体-药物偶联物Str中R21选自C1-6亚烷基C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2CH2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2CH2CH2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)3C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)4C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)4CH2C(O)-和
-(CH2-CH2O)4CH2CH2C(O)-。
在一些实施方案中,所述的Pep选自缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-丙氨酸-天冬酰胺(Ala-Ala-Asn)、甘氨酸-甘氨酸-赖氨酸(Gly-Gly-lys)、缬氨酸-赖氨酸(Val-lys)、缬氨酸-丙氨酸(Val-Ala)、缬氨酸-苯丙氨酸(Val-Phe)或甘氨酸-甘氨酸-苯丙氨酸-甘氨酸(Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly)。
在一些实施方案中,所述的Sp选自-NHCH2-、-NHCH2CH2-、-NHCH2CH2CH2-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-、-NHCH2CH2-O-CH2-、-NH(CH2)3-C(O)-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-C(O)-、-NH(CH2)2-O-CH2-C(O)-、
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体-药物偶联物中连接子L包含:顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)2-Val-Cit、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)6-Val-Cit、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)8-Val-Cit、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(CH2)5-Val-Cit、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(CH2)5-Val-lys、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(CH2)5-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)2-Ala-Ala-Asn、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)6-Ala-Ala-Asn、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)8-Ala-Ala-Asn、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、顺丁烯二酰亚胺-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺或Mal-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-二硫化物。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体-药物偶联物中连接子L包含:-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)6-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)8-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)6-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)8-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺或Mal-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-二硫化物。
在另一些实施方案中,本公开抗体-药物偶联物(ADC),其由下式表示:
其中k选自1至10,可以为整数,也可以为小数,p1选自2、4、6或8,p3、p4各自独立地选自0、1或2;
其中k选自1至10,可以为整数,也可以为小数,p1选自2、4、6或8,p3、p4各自独立地选自0、1或2;
在另一些实施方式中,本公开抗体-药物偶联物(ADC),选自:
其中k为1-10的整数或小数(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或前述任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。在一些实施方案中,k为4±0.4、4±0.5、4±0.6、4±0.8。例如,k为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0等。
在另一些实施方式中,本公开抗体-药物偶联物(ADC),其为如下所示:
其中k为1-10的整数或小数(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或前述任意两数值之间任意小数或整数)。在一些实施方案中,k为4±0.4、4±0.5、4±0.6、4±0.8。例如,k为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0等。
本公开还提供了一种式II-A所示化合物或其可药用盐,
其中p1选自2、4、6或8,p3、p4各自独立地选自0、1或2。
本公开还提供了一种式II-B所示化合物或其可药用盐,
其中X为卤素,p1选自2、4、6或8,p3、p4各自独立地选自0、1或2。
本公开所述的结构中,表示单键或双键。
在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物包含WO2023143351A1公开的任意的连接子和/或药物部分。
在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物具有提高的抗移植排斥活性。本公开中抗体-药物偶联物的抗移植排斥活性显著优于抗CD40抗体、抗CD40抗体与糖皮质激素联用,并且优于地塞米松。在一些实施方案中,抗体-药物偶联物具有提高的安全性。例如,降低的毒副作用。在一些实施方案中,降低的毒副作用包括但不限于对体重影响的降低,降低的对内源皮质酮释放的影响,降低的对骨生成指标P1NP的影响。
组合物
本公开提供组合物,包含前述抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物。例如,提供药物组合物,其含有治疗或缓解有效量的如上所述的抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物和至少一种可药用的赋形剂、稀释剂或载体。
在一些具体实施方案中,所述药物组合物单位计量中可含有0.01至99重量%的抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物,或药物组合物单位剂量中含抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物的量为0.1-2000mg,在一些具体实施方案中为1-1000mg。
在一些具体实施方案中,所述药物组合物单位计量中可含有0.01至99重量%的抗体-药物偶联物,或药物组合物单位剂量中含抗体-药物偶联物的量为0.1-2000mg,在一些具体实施方案中为1-1000mg。
在一些实施方案中,提供前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物与一种或多种另外的免疫抑制剂的组合或组合物。所述组合物例如是药物组合物。可选地,所述药物组合物可进一步包含可药用的赋形剂、稀释或载体。
一些实施方案中,提供制品,包含前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,或抗体-药物偶联物。可选地,制品包含容器和标签。容器例如瓶、注射器和试管。容器容纳有效于治疗病症的组合物。容器上或与容器相连的标签表明所述组合物用于治疗所选病症。组合物中含有前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,或抗体-药物偶联物。
治疗方法和制药用途
本公开提供前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物,或药物组合物用于治疗、干预、预防、诊断疾病或病症的方法。
具体地,在一些实施方案中,本公开提供了根据本公开所述的抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物在制备用于治疗或缓解自身免疫疾病、移植物抗宿主病、或缓解移植排异反应的药物中的用途。
一些实施方案中,提供改善或治疗自身免疫性疾病的方法和相关制药用途,包括相向受试者施用改善或治疗有效量的前述抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物或其药物组合物。
一些实施方案中,提供治疗CD40相关障碍疾病的方法和相关制药用途;一些实施方案中,提供抑制CD40相关障碍细胞生长或分化的方法和相关制药用途;一些实施方案中,提供抑制表达人CD40抗原的细胞的生长和/或分化的方法和相关制药用途;一些实施方案中,提供抑制受试者中B细胞的抗体产生的方法和相关制药用途;一些实施方案中,提供治疗患有免疫障碍疾病的方法和相关制药用途。上述方法中,均包括向受试者或细胞施用治疗或抑制有效量的前述抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物或其药物组合物。
一些实施方案中,提供诱导外周B细胞耗竭的方法和相关制药用途,包括向受试者施用诱导有效量的前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物或其药物组合物。
一些实施方案中,提供治疗、缓解疾病或病症的方法和相关制药用途,包括向有需要的受试者施用有效量的前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物,所述疾病或病症可以是CD40相关或CD40不相关的。在一些实施方案中,所述疾病或病症为免疫性疾病。在一些实施方案中,所述疾病或病症为移植排斥反应反应。
一些实施方案中,提供治疗B淋巴细胞、Th1淋巴细胞或Th2淋巴细胞相关疾病的方法和相关制药用途,包括向有需要的受试者施用有效量的前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物。
一些实施方案中,提供治疗或缓解移植物抗宿主病或移植排异反应的方法,包括向有需要的受试者施用前述抗CD40抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物。
一些实施方案中,提供抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物用于制备治疗或缓解移植物抗宿主病或移植排异反应的药物的用途。
一些实施方案中,上述移植为实体器官和/或组织移植。
一些实施方案中,上述移植是指移植选自由同种细胞、异种细胞、同种组织、异种组织、同种器官及异种器官组成组中的一种。
一些实施方案中,前述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段、抗体-药物偶联物或药物组合物抑制或逆转基于移植受体的组织移植物的排异反应,或者延长或保留移植到移植受体的组织的功能,或者恢复移植受体中的受损移植组织的功能。
在一些实施方案中,本公开提供的抗体-药物偶联物可用于治疗或缓解自身免疫性疾病、移植物抗宿主病和/或移植排斥反应。
因而,本公开提供了本文的抗体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物用于治疗或缓解自身免疫性疾病、移植物抗宿主病和/或移植排斥反应。
另一方面,本公开提供了一种预防或治疗移植排斥反应、移植物抗宿主病和/或自身免疫性疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的受试者施用预防或治疗有效量的本文的抗体-药物偶联物。
术语定义
为了更容易理解本公开,以下具体定义了某些技术和科学术语。除非在本文中另有明确定义,本文使用的所有其它技术和科学术语都具有本公开所属领域的一般技术人员通常理解的含义。
除非上下文另外清楚要求,否则在整个说明书和权利要求书中,应将词语“包含”、“具有”、“包括”等理解为具有包含意义,而不是排他性或穷举性意义;也即,“包括但不仅限于”的意义。
“CD40”和“CD40抗原”是指在正常和赘生性B细胞表面上表达的约48kD糖蛋白,其充当参与细胞增殖和分化的信号的受体(Ledbetter等人,1987,J.Immunol.138:788-785)。已从由伯基特氏淋巴瘤细胞系Raji制备的文库中分离出编码CD40的cDNA分子(Stamenkovic等人,1989,EMBO J.8:1403)。序列信息可参见本公开表2。内源性表达CD40的细胞是特征在于CD40的表面表达的任何细胞,包括但不限于正常和赘生性B细胞、交错突细胞、基底上皮细胞、癌细胞、巨噬细胞、内皮细胞、滤泡树突细胞、扁桃体细胞和骨髓来源的浆细胞。
术语“连接子”、“连接单元”、“接头单元”、“接头”或“连接片段”是指一端与配体连接而另一端与药物相连的化学结构片段或键,也可以连接其他接头后再与药物相连。
接头可以包含一种或多种接头构件。例示性的接头构件包括6-马来酰亚氨基己酰基(MC)、马来酰亚氨基丙酰基(MP)、缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Val-Cit或vc)、丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸(ala-phe)、对氨基苄氧羰基(PAB),及那些源自与接头试剂的偶联的:N-琥珀酰亚氨基4-(2-吡啶基硫代)戊酸酯(SPP)、N-琥珀酰亚氨基4-(N-马来酰亚氨基甲基)环己烷-1羧酸酯(SMCC,在本文中也称作MCC)和N-琥珀酰亚氨基(4-碘-乙
酰基)氨基苯甲酸酯(SIAB)。接头可以包括拉伸单元、间隔单元、氨基酸单元和延伸单元。可以通过本领域已知方法合成,诸如US2005-0238649A1中所记载的。接头可以是便于在细胞中释放药物的“可切割接头”。例如,可使用酸不稳定接头(例如腙)、蛋白酶敏感(例如肽酶敏感)接头、光不稳定接头、二甲基接头、或含二硫化物接头(Chari等,Cancer Research 52:127-131(1992);美国专利No.5,208,020)。
术语“拉伸单元”指一端通过碳原子与抗体共价连接而另一端与氨基酸单元、二硫化物部分、磺酰胺部分或非肽化学部分相连的化学结构片段。
术语“间隔单元”是一种双功能化合结构片段,可用于偶联氨基酸单元和效应分子最终形成抗体-药物偶联物,这种偶联方式可以将效应分子选择性的连接到氨基酸单元上。
术语“氨基酸”是指分子结构中含有氨基和羧基,并且氨基和羧基都直接连接在-CH-结构上的有机化合物。通式是H2NCHRCOOH,R为H、取代或未取代烷基等。根据氨基连结在羧酸中碳原子的位置,可分为α、β、γ、δ、ε……-氨基酸。在生物界中,构成天然蛋白质的氨基酸具有其特定的结构特点,即其氨基直接连接在α-碳原子上,即α-氨基酸,包括甘氨酸(Glycine)、丙氨酸(Alanine)、缬氨酸(Valine)、亮氨酸(Leucine)、异亮氨酸(Isoleucine)、苯丙氨酸(Phenylalanine)、色氨酸(Tryptophan)、酪氨酸(Tyrosine)、天冬氨酸(Aspartic acid)、组氨酸(Histidine)、天冬酰胺(Asparagine)、谷氨酸(Glutamic acid)、赖氨酸(Lysine)、谷氨酰胺(Glutamine)、甲硫氨酸(Methionine)、精氨酸(Arginine)、丝氨酸(Serine)、苏氨酸(Threonine)、半胱氨酸(Cysteine)、脯氨酸(Proline)等。非天然氨基酸如瓜氨酸。如本领域技术人员所公知的,非天然氨基酸并不构成天然蛋白质,因此也不参与本公开中抗体的合成。本公开所用氨基酸三字母代码和单字母代码如J.biol.chem,243,p3558(1968)中所述。
术语“抗体-药物偶联物”,指抗体通过稳定的连接单元与具有生物活性的药物相连。在本公开中“抗体-药物偶联物”(antibody drug conjugate,ADC),指把单克隆抗体或者抗体片段通过稳定的连接单元与具有免疫抑制活性的效应分子相连。其中抗体或抗体片段可通过其中的特定基团(例如链间二硫键)与包含接头的效应分子相结合。
在一些实施方案中,所述效应分子具有抗自身免疫疾病活性的分子。在一些实施方案中,所述效应分子是抗移植排斥活性。
在一些实施方案中,所述效应分子选自糖皮质激素受体激动剂、糖皮质激素、钙调磷酸酶抑制剂、或雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)激酶抑制剂。在另外一些实施方案中,所述效应分子还可以是具有免疫抑制活性的多肽、核酸、蛋白、化合物等。
术语“载药量”是指抗体-药物偶联物群体中,每个抗体-药物偶联物分子载有的药物平均数量,也可以表示为药物量和抗体量的比值。载药量的范围可以是每个抗体(Ab)连接1-20个,优选1-10个效应分子(D)。在本公开的实施方式中,载
药量表示为k,示例性的可以为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20或任意两数值之间数值的均值。优选1-10,更优选1-8,或2-8,或2-7,或3-8,或3-7,或3-6,或4-7,或4-6,或4-5的均值。可用常规方法如UV/可见光光谱法、质谱、ELISA试验、单抗分子大小变异体测定法(CE-SDS)和HPLC特征鉴定偶联反应后每个ADC分子的药物平均数量。
本公开单抗分子大小变异体测定法(CE-SDS)可采用十二烷基硫酸钠毛细管电泳(CE-SDS)紫外检测方法,在还原和非还原条件下,依据分子量大小,按毛电泳法(2015年版《中国药典》0542),定量测定重组单克隆抗体产品的纯度。
本公开的一个实施方式中,药物部分通过连接单元偶联在抗体的N端氨基和/或赖氨酸残基的ε-氨基上,一般地,偶联反应中能与抗体偶联的药物分子数将小于理论上的最大值。
可以用以下非限制性方法控制抗体-药物偶联物的载量,包括:
(1)控制连接试剂和单抗的摩尔比,
(2)控制反应时间和温度,
(3)选择不同的反应试剂。
术语“抗体”指免疫球蛋白,是由两条相同的重链和两条相同的轻链通过链间二硫键连接而成的四肽链结构。免疫球蛋白重链恒定区的氨基酸组成和排列顺序不同,故其抗原性也不同。据此,可将免疫球蛋白分为五类,或称为免疫球蛋白的同种型,即IgM、IgD、IgG、IgA和IgE,其相应的重链分别为μ链、δ链、γ链、α链、和ε链。同一类Ig根据其铰链区氨基酸组成和重链二硫键的数目和位置的差别,又可分为不同的亚类,如IgG可分为IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4。轻链通过恒定区的不同分为κ链或λ链。五类Ig中每类Ig都可以有κ链或λ链。
抗体重链和轻链靠近N端的约110个氨基酸的序列变化很大,为可变区(Fv区);靠近C端的其余氨基酸序列相对稳定,为恒定区。可变区包括3个高变区(HVR)和4个序列相对保守的骨架区(FR)。3个高变区决定抗体的特异性,又称为互补性决定区(CDR)。每条轻链可变区(LCVR)和重链可变区(HCVR)由3个CDR区4个FR区组成,从氨基端到羧基端依次排列的顺序为:FR1,CDR1,FR2,CDR2,FR3,CDR3,FR4。轻链的3个CDR区指LCDR1、LCDR2、和LCDR3;重链的3个CDR区指HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3。
本公开的抗体包括鼠源抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体和全人源抗体,优选人源化抗体和全人源抗体。
术语“鼠源抗体”在本公开中为根据本领域知识和技能用鼠制备抗体。制备时用特定抗原注射试验对象,然后分离表达具有所需序列或功能特性的抗体的杂交瘤。
术语“嵌合抗体(chimeric antibody)”,是将鼠源性抗体的可变区与人抗体的恒定区融合而成的抗体,可以减轻鼠源性抗体诱发的免疫应答反应。建立嵌合抗体,要先建立分泌鼠源性特异性单抗的杂交瘤,然后从鼠杂交瘤细胞中克隆可变区基
因,再根据需要克隆人抗体的恒定区基因,将鼠可变区基因与人恒定区基因连接成嵌合基因后插入表达载体中,最后在真核系统或原核系统中表达嵌合抗体分子。
术语“人源化抗体(humanized antibody)”,也称为CDR移植抗体(CDR-grafted antibody),是指将鼠的CDR序列移植到人的抗体可变区框架,即不同类型的人种系抗体框架序列中产生的抗体。可以克服嵌合抗体由于携带大量鼠蛋白成分,从而诱导的异源性反应。此类构架序列可以从包括种系抗体基因序列的公共DNA数据库或公开的参考文献获得。如人重链和轻链可变区基因的种系DNA序列可以在“VBase”人种系序列数据库(在因特网www.mrccpe.com.ac.uk/vbase可获得),以及在Kabat,E.A.等人,1991Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,第5版中找到。为避免免疫原性下降的同时,引起的活性下降,可对所述的人抗体可变区框架序列进行最少反向突变或回复突变,以保持活性。本公开的人源化抗体也包括进一步由噬菌体展示对CDR进行亲和力成熟后的人源化抗体。进一步描述参与人源化可使用小鼠抗体的方法的文献包括,例如Queen等,Proc.,Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,88,2869,1991和Winter及其同事的方法[Jones等,Nature,321,522(1986),Riechmann,等,Nature,332,323-327(1988),Verhoeyen,等,Science,239,1534(1988)]。
术语“抗原结合片段”是指抗体的保持特异性结合抗原的能力的一个或多个片段。已显示可利用全长抗体的片段来进行抗体的抗原结合功能。“抗原结合片段”中包含的结合片段的实例包括(i)Fab片段,由VL、VH、CL和CH1结构域组成的单价片段;(ii)F(ab')2片段,包含通过铰链区上的二硫桥连接的两个Fab片段的二价片段;(iii)由VH和CH1结构域组成的Fd片段;(iv)由抗体的单臂的VH和VL结构域组成的Fv片段;(v)单结构域或dAb片段(Ward等人,(1989)Nature341:544-546),其由VH结构域组成;和(vi)分离的互补决定区(CDR)或(vii)可任选地通过合成的接头连接的两个或更多个分离的CDR的组合。此外,虽然Fv片段的两个结构域VL和VH由分开的基因编码,但可使用重组方法,通过合成的接头连接它们,从而使得其能够产生为其中VL和VH区配对形成单价分子的单个蛋白质链(称为单链Fv(scFv);参见,例如,Bird等人(1988)Science242:423-426;和Huston等人(1988)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci USA85:5879-5883)。此类单链抗体也意欲包括在术语抗体的“抗原结合片段”中。使用本领域技术人员已知的常规技术获得此类抗体片段,并且以与对于完整抗体的方式相同的方式就功用性筛选片段。可通过重组DNA技术或通过酶促或化学断裂完整免疫球蛋白来产生抗原结合部分。抗体可以是不同同种型的抗体,例如,IgG(例如,IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4亚型)、IgA1、IgA2、IgD、IgE或IgM抗体。
Fab是通过用蛋白酶木瓜蛋白酶(切割H链的224位的氨基酸残基)处理IgG抗体分子所获得的片段中的具有约50,000的分子量并具有抗原结合活性的抗体片段,其中H链N端侧的约一半和整个L链通过二硫键结合在一起。
F(ab')2是通过用酶胃蛋白酶消化IgG铰链区中两个二硫键的下方部分而获得的
分子量为约100,000并具有抗原结合活性并包含在铰链位置相连的两个Fab区的抗体片段。
Fab'是通过切割上述F(ab')2的铰链区的二硫键而获得的分子量为约50,000并具有抗原结合活性的抗体片段。
此外,可以通过将编码抗体的Fab'片段的DNA插入到原核生物表达载体或真核生物表达载体中并将载体导入到原核生物或真核生物中以表达Fab'来生产所述Fab'。
术语“单链抗体”、“单链Fv”或“scFv”意指包含通过接头连接的抗体重链可变结构域(或区域;VH)和抗体轻链可变结构域(或区域;VL)的分子。此类scFv分子可具有一般结构:NH2-VL-接头-VH-COOH或NH2-VH-接头-VL-COOH。合适的现有技术接头由重复的GGGGS氨基酸序列或其变体组成,例如使用1-4个重复的变体(Holliger等人(1993),Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA90:6444-6448)。可用于本公开的其他接头由Alfthan等人(1995),Protein Eng.8:725-731,Choi等人(2001),Eur.J.Immuno l.31:94-106,Hu等人(1996),Cancer Res.56:3055-3061,Kipriyanov等人(1999),J.Mol.Biol.293:41-56和Roovers等人(2001),Cancer Immunol.描述。
术语“CDR”是指抗体的可变结构域内主要促成抗原结合的6个高变区之一。所述6个CDR的最常用的定义之一由Kabat E.A.等人,(1991)Sequences of proteins of immunological interest.NIH Publication91-3242)提供。如本文中使用的,CDR的Kabat定义只应用于轻链可变结构域的CDR1、CDR2和CDR3(CDR L1、CDR L2、CDR L3或L1、L2、L3),以及重链可变结构域的CDR2和CDR3(CDR H2、CDR H3或H2、H3)。通常,每个重链可变区中存在三个CDR(HCDR1、HCDR2、HCDR3),每个轻链可变区中存在三个CDR(LCDR1、LCDR2、LCDR3)。可以使用各种公知方案中的任何一种来确定CDR的氨基酸序列边界,包括“Kabat”编号规则(参见Kabat等(1991),“Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest”,第5版,Public Health Service,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,MD)、“Chothia”编号规则(参见Al-Lazikani等人,(1997)JMB 273:927-948)和ImMunoGenTics(IMGT)编号规则(参见Lefranc M.P.,Immunologist,7,132-136(1999);Lefranc,M.P.等,Dev.Comp.Immunol.,27,55-77(2003))等。例如,对于经典格式,遵循Kabat规则,所述重链可变域(VH)中的CDR氨基酸残基编号为31-35(HCDR1)、50-65(HCDR2)和95-102(HCDR3);轻链可变域(VL)中的CDR氨基酸残基编号为24-34(LCDR1)、50-56(LCDR2)和89-97(LCDR3)。遵循Chothia规则,VH中的CDR氨基酸编号为26-32(HCDR1)、52-56(HCDR2)和95-102(HCDR3);并且VL中的氨基酸残基编号为26-32(LCDR1)、50-52(LCDR2)和91-96(LCDR3)。通过组合Kabat和Chothia两者的CDR定义,CDR由人VH中的氨基酸残基26-35(HCDR1)、50-65(HCDR2)和95-102(HCDR3)和人VL中的氨基酸残基24-34(LCDR1)、50-56(LCDR2)和89-97(LCDR3)构成。遵循IMGT规则,VH中的CDR氨基酸残基
编号大致为26-35(CDR1)、51-57(CDR2)和93-102(CDR3),VL中的CDR氨基酸残基编号大致为27-32(CDR1)、50-52(CDR2)和89-97(CDR3)。遵循IMGT规则,抗体的CDR区可以使用程序IMGT/DomainGap Align确定。
术语“抗体框架”,是指可变结构域VL或VH的一部分,其用作该可变结构域的抗原结合环(CDR)的支架。从本质上讲,其是不具有CDR的可变结构域。
术语“表位”或“抗原决定簇”是指抗原上免疫球蛋白或抗体特异性结合的部位。表位通常以独特的空间构象包括至少3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14或15个连续或非连续的氨基酸(参见,例如,Epitope Mapping Protocols in Methods in Molecular B iology,第66卷,G.E.Morris,Ed.(1996))。
术语“特异性结合”、“选择性结合”、“选择性地结合”和“特异性地结合”是指抗体对预先确定的抗原上的表位的结合。通常,抗体以大约小于10-7M,例如:大约小于10-8M、10-9M或10-10M或更小的亲和力(KD)结合。
术语“核酸分子”是指DNA分子和RNA分子。核酸分子可以是单链或双链的,但优选是双链DNA。当将核酸与另一个核酸序列置于功能关系中时,核酸是“有效连接的”。例如,如果启动子或增强子影响编码序列的转录,那么启动子或增强子有效地连接至所述编码序列。
术语“载体”是指能够运输已与其连接的另一个核酸的核酸分子。在一个实施方案中,载体是“质粒”,其是指可将另外的DNA区段连接至其中的环状双链DNA环。在另一个实施方案中,载体是病毒载体,其中可将另外的DNA区段连接至病毒基因组中。本文中公开的载体能够在已引入它们的宿主细胞中自主复制(例如,具有细菌的复制起点的细菌载体和附加型哺乳动物载体)或可在引入宿主细胞后整合入宿主细胞的基因组,从而随宿主基因组一起复制(例如,非附加型哺乳动物载体)。
现有技术中熟知生产和纯化抗体和抗原结合片段的方法,如冷泉港的抗体实验技术指南,5-8章和15章。抗原结合片段同样可以用常规方法制备。发明所述的抗体或抗原结合片段用基因工程方法在非人源的CDR区加上一个或多个人源FR区。人FR种系序列可以通过比对IMGT人类抗体可变区种系基因数据库和MOE软件,从ImMunoGeneTics(IMGT)的网站http://imgt.cines.fr得到,或者从免疫球蛋白杂志,2001ISBN012441351上获得。
术语“宿主细胞”是指已向其中引入了表达载体的细胞。宿主细胞可包括细菌、微生物、植物或动物细胞。易于转化的细菌包括肠杆菌科(enterobacteriaceae)的成员,例如大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)或沙门氏菌(Salmonella)的菌株;芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)例如枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis);肺炎球菌(Pneumococcus);链球菌(Streptococcus)和流感嗜血菌(Haemophilus influenzae)。适当的微生物包括酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)。适当的动物宿主细胞系包括CHO(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞系)和NS0细胞。
本公开工程化的抗体或抗原结合片段可用常规方法制备和纯化。比如,编码重链和轻链的cDNA序列,可以克隆并重组至GS表达载体。重组的免疫球蛋白表达载体可以稳定地转染CHO细胞。作为一种更推荐的现有技术,哺乳动物类表达系统会导致抗体的糖基化,特别是在Fc区的高度保守N端位点。阳性的克隆在生物反应器的无血清培养基中扩大培养以生产抗体。分泌了抗体的培养液可以用常规技术纯化。比如,用含调整过的缓冲液的A或G Sepharose FF柱进行纯化。洗去非特异性结合的组分。再用PH梯度法洗脱结合的抗体,用SDS-PAGE检测抗体片段,收集。抗体可用常规方法进行过滤浓缩。可溶的混合物和多聚体,也可以用常规方法去除,比如分子筛、离子交换。得到的产物需立即冷冻,如-70℃,或者冻干。
氨基酸序列“同一性”指在比对氨基酸序列及必要时引入间隙,以达成最大序列同一性百分比,且不将任何保守性取代视为序列同一性的一部分,第一序列中与第二序列中的氨基酸残基同一的氨基酸残基的百分比。为测定氨基酸序列同一性百分比的目的,比对可以通过属于本领域技术的范围内的多种方式来实现,例如使用公开可得到的计算机软件,诸如BLAST、BLAST-2、ALIGN、ALIGN-2或Megalign(DNASTAR)软件。本领域技术人员可确定适用于测量比对的参数,包括在所比较的序列全长上达成最大比对所需的任何算法。
术语“抗CD40抗体”或“与CD40结合的抗体”是指能够例如以足够的亲和力结合CD40的抗体,使得该抗体可用作靶向CD40的治疗剂。抗CD40抗体与不相关的非CD40蛋白的结合程度可以小于例如通过放射免疫测定(RIA)所测量的抗体与CD40的结合的约10%。在某些实施方式中,与CD40结合的抗体具有≤1μM、≤100nM、≤10nM、≤1nM或≤0.1nM的解离常数(Kd)。
术语“肽”是指介于氨基酸和蛋白质之间的化合物片段,由2个或2个以上氨基酸分子通过肽键相互连接而成,是蛋白质的结构与功能片段,如激素、酶类等本质上都是肽。
术语“糖”是指由C、H、O三种元素组成的生物大分子,可分为单糖、二糖和多糖等。
术语“烷基”指饱和脂肪族烃基团,其为包含1至20个碳原子的直链或支链基团,优选含有1至12个碳原子的烷基。非限制性实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、2-甲基己基、3-甲基己基、4-甲基己基、5-甲基己基、2,3-二甲基戊基、2,4-二甲基戊基、2,2-二甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基戊基、2-乙基戊基、3-乙基戊基、正辛基、2,3-二甲基己基、2,4-二甲基己基、2,5-二甲基己基、2,2-二甲基己
基、3,3-二甲基己基、4,4-二甲基己基、2-乙基己基、3-乙基己基、4-乙基己基、2-甲基-2-乙基戊基、2-甲基-3-乙基戊基、正壬基、2-甲基-2-乙基己基、2-甲基-3-乙基己基、2,2-二乙基戊基、正癸基、3,3-二乙基己基、2,2-二乙基己基,及其各种支链异构体等。更优选的是含有1至6个碳原子的烷基,非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基等。烷基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“亚烷基”指饱和的直链或支链脂肪族烃基,其具有2个从母体烷的相同碳原子或两个不同的碳原子上除去两个氢原子所衍生的残基,其为包含1至20个碳原子的直链或支链基团,优选含有1至12个碳原子,更优选含有1至6个碳原子的亚烷基。亚烷基的非限制性实例包括但不限于亚甲基(-CH2-)、1,1-亚乙基(-CH(CH3)-)、1,2-亚乙基(-CH2CH2)-、1,1-亚丙基(-CH(CH2CH3)-)、1,2-亚丙基(-CH2CH(CH3)-)、1,3-亚丙基(-CH2CH2CH2-)、1,4-亚丁基(-CH2CH2CH2CH2-)等。亚烷基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代。
术语“亚链烯基”指包含具有2至8个碳原子,优选地具有2至6个碳原子,更优选地具有2至4个碳原子并在任何位置具有至少一个双键的线性链烯基,包括例如亚乙烯基、亚烯丙基(allylene)、亚丙烯基、亚丁烯基、亚异戊二烯基(prenylene)、亚丁二烯基(butadienylene)、亚戊烯基、亚戊二烯基、亚己烯基、亚己二烯基等。
术语“亚链炔基”包括具有2至8个碳原子,优选地具有2至6个碳原子,更优选地具有2至4个碳原子且在任何位置具有至少一个叁键的线性亚链炔基,包括例如亚乙炔基、亚丙炔基、亚丁炔基、亚戊炔基、亚己炔基等。
术语“环烷基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,环烷基环包含3至20个碳原子,优选包含3至12个碳原子,更优选包含3至6个碳原子。单环环烷基的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基、环庚三烯基、环辛基等;多环环烷基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的环烷基。“碳环”指的是环烷基中的环系。
术语“螺环烷基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺环烷基分
为单螺环烷基、双螺环烷基或多螺环烷基,优选为单螺环烷基和双螺环烷基。更优选为4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺环烷基。“螺碳环”指的是螺环烷基中的环系。螺环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“稠环烷基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对碳原子的全碳多环基团,其中一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠环烷基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环烷基。“稠碳环”指的是稠环烷基中的环系。稠环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“桥环烷基”指5至20元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的碳原子的全碳多环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥环烷基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为双环或三环。桥环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
所述环烷基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为环烷基,非限制性实例包括茚满基、四氢萘基、苯并环庚烷基等。环烷基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“杂环基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,其包含3至20个环原子,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,但不包括-O-O-、-O-S-或-S-S-的环部分,其余环原子为碳。优选包含3
至12个环原子,其中1~4个是杂原子;更优选包含3至6个环原子。单环杂环基的非限制性实例包括吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、二氢咪唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡咯基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、高哌嗪基等,优选哌啶基、吡咯烷基。多环杂环基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的杂环基。“杂环”指的是杂环基中的环系。
术语“螺杂环基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个原子(称螺原子)的多环杂环基团,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺杂环基分为单螺杂环基、双螺杂环基或多螺杂环基,优选为单螺杂环基和双螺杂环基。更优选为4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺杂环基。“螺杂环”指的是螺杂环基中的环系。螺杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“稠杂环基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对原子的多环杂环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠杂环基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环稠杂环基。“稠杂环”指的是稠杂环基中的环系。稠杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“桥杂环基”指5至14元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的原子的多环杂环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥杂环基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为
双环或三环。桥杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
所述杂环基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂环基,其非限制性实例包括:
等。
杂环基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“芳基”指具有共轭的π电子体系的6至14元全碳单环或稠合多环(也就是共享毗邻碳原子对的环)基团,优选为6至10元,例如苯基和萘基。所述芳基环可以稠合于杂芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为芳基环。“芳环”指的是芳基中的环系。芳基非限制性实例包括:
芳基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基,优选苯基。
术语“稠环芳基”可以是含有8-14个环原子由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子连接起来形成的不饱和的具有芳香性的稠环结构,环原子优选8-12个。例如包括全部不饱和稠环芳基,例如萘、菲等,还包括部分饱和稠环芳基,例如苯并3-8元饱和单环环烷基、苯并3-8元部分饱和单环环烷基。“稠芳环”指的是稠环芳基中的环系。稠环芳基具体实例如2,3-二氢-1H-茚基、IH-茚基、1,2,3,4-四氢萘基、1,4-二氢萘基等。
术语“杂芳基”指包含1至4个杂原子、5至14个环原子的杂芳族体系,其中杂
原子选自氧、硫和氮。杂芳基优选为5至12元,例如咪唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、噻唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、吡咯基、四唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻二唑、吡嗪基等,优选为咪唑基、吡唑基、嘧啶基或噻唑基;更优选为吡唑基或噻唑基。所述杂芳基环可以稠合于芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂芳基环。“杂芳环”指的是杂芳基中的环系。杂芳基非限制性实例包括:
杂芳基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“稠杂芳基”可以是含有5-14个环原子(其中至少含有一个杂原子)由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子连接起来形成的不饱和的具有芳香性的稠环结构,同时包括碳原子、氮原子和硫原子可以被氧代,优选"5-12元稠杂芳基"、"7-12元稠杂芳基"、"9-12元稠杂芳基"等,例如苯并呋喃基、苯并异呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚、苯并噁唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并三唑基、喹啉基、2-喹啉酮、4-喹啉酮、1-异喹啉酮、异喹啉基、吖啶基、菲啶基、苯并哒嗪基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、酚嗪基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、萘啶基、吩嗪、吩噻嗪等。“稠杂芳环”指的是稠杂芳基中的环系。
稠杂芳基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“烷氧基”指-O-(烷基)和-O-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基的定义如上所述。烷氧基的非限制性实例包括:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基。烷氧基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“烷硫基”指-S-(烷基)和-S-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基的定义如上所述。
烷硫基的非限制性实例包括:甲硫基、乙硫基、丙硫基、丁硫基、环丙硫基、环丁硫基、环戊硫基、环己硫基。烷硫基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基中的一个或多个取代基所取代。
术语“羟烷基”指被羟基取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“卤代烷基”指被卤素取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“氘代烷基”指被氘原子取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“羟基”指-OH基团。
术语“氧代”指=O基团。例如,碳原子与氧原子通过双键连接,其中形成酮或醛基。
术语“硫代”指=S基团。例如,碳原子与硫原子通过双键连接,形成硫代羰基-C(S)-。
术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。
术语“氨基”指-NH2。
术语“氰基”指-CN。
术语“硝基”指-NO2。
术语“羧基”指-C(O)OH。
术语“醛基”指-CHO。
术语“羧酸酯基”指-C(O)O(烷基)或-C(O)O(环烷基),其中烷基、环烷基如上所定义。
术语“酰卤”指含有-C(O)-卤素的基团的化合物。
术语“磺酰基”指-S(O)(O)-。
术语“亚磺酰基”指-S(O)-。
“氨基保护基”是本领域已知的适当的用于氨基保护的基团,参见文献(“Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”,5Th.Ed.T.W.Greene&P.G.M.Wuts)中的氨基保护基团,优选地,所述的氨基保护基可以是(C1-10烷基或芳香基)酰基,例如:甲酰基,乙酰基,苯甲酰基等;可以是(C1-6烷基或C6-10芳基)磺酰基;也可以是(C1-6烷氧基或C6-10芳基氧基)羰基,例如:Boc或Cbz;还可以是取代或非取代的烷基,例如:三苯甲基(Tr)、2,4-二甲氧基苄基(DMB)、对甲氧基苄基(PMB)或苄基(Bn)。
“任选”或“任选地”意味着随后所描述的事件或环境可以但不必发生,该说明包括该事件或环境发生或不发生地场合。例如,“任选被烷基取代的杂环烷基团”意味着烷基可以但不必须存在,该说明包括杂环烷基团被烷基取代的情形和杂环烷基团不被烷基取代的情形。
术语“药物组合物”表示含有一种或多种本文所述化合物或其生理学上/可药用
的盐或前体药物与其他化学组分的混合物,以及其他组分例如生理学/可药用的载体和赋形剂。药物组合物的目的是促进对生物体的给药,利于活性成分的吸收进而发挥生物活性。
术语“药物载体”用于本公开的药物,是指能改变药物进入人体的方式和在体内的分布、控制药物的释放速度并将药物输送到靶向器官的体系。药物载体释放和靶向系统能够减少药物降解及损失,降低副作用,提高生物利用度。如可作为载体的高分子表面活性剂由于其独特的两亲性结构,可以进行自组装,形成各种形式的聚集体,优选的实例如胶束、微乳液、凝胶、液晶、囊泡等。这些聚集体具有包载药物分子的能力,同时又对膜有良好的渗透性,可以作为优良的药物载体。
术语“赋形剂”是在药物制剂中除主药以外的附加物,也可称为辅料。如片剂中的粘合剂、填充剂、崩解剂、润滑剂;半固体制剂软膏剂、霜剂中的基质部分;液体制剂中的防腐剂、抗氧剂、矫味剂、芳香剂、助溶剂、乳化剂、增溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂等均可称为赋形剂。
术语“稀释剂”又称填充剂,其主要用途是增加片剂的重量和体积。稀释剂的加入不仅保证一定的体积大小,而且减少主要成分的剂量偏差,改善药物的压缩成型性等。当片剂的药物含有油性组分时,需加入吸收剂吸收油性物,使保持“干燥”状态,以利于制成片剂。
图1:CD40拮抗型抗体9E6-L4H2在报告基因系统中的活性结果,图1使用人IgG1同种型作为阴性对照,CFZ533作为阳性对照。
图2A至图2B:CD40拮抗型抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性结果,图2A是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2的CD19+CD69+的细胞百分比抑制结果,图2B是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2的CD19+CD69+的细胞MFI抑制结果,图2A-图2B均使用人IgG1同种型作为阴性对照,CFZ533作为阳性对照。
图3A至图3D:CD40拮抗型抗体在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性结果,图3A是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2的CD11C+CD80+的细胞MFI抑制结果,图3B是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2的CD11C+CD86+细胞MFI抑制结果,图3C是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2的抑制IL-12/23p40的结果,图3D是9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2抑制TNFα的结果,图3A-3D均使用人IgG1同种型作为阴性对照,CFZ533作为阳性对照。
图4:CD40拮抗型抗体9E6-L4H2、2F12-L4H2在B细胞激活实验体系中的内源激动活性结果,使用人IgG1同种型、CFZ533、激动性抗CD40抗体9E5-SELFNS作为对照。
图5A至图5B:CD40拮抗型抗体在小鼠T细胞依赖的体液免疫反应模型中的活性结果,图5A为流程图,图5B为第7、14、21、28天的检测结果图。
图6A至图6B:CD40拮抗型抗体在小鼠皮肤移植排异模型中的活性结果,图
6A为流程图,图6B为皮肤移植物生存率(%)和皮肤移植物评分的结果。
图7:CD40拮抗型抗体联用他克莫司(FK506)在小鼠皮肤移植排异模型中的活性结果,图7的A为9E6-L4H2(10mpk)及其与他克莫司(FK506)联用的皮肤移植物生存率(%)的结果,图7的B为2F12-L4H2(10mpk)及其与他克莫司(FK506)联用的皮肤移植物生存率(%)的结果,图7的C为9E6-L4H2(10mpk)及其与他克莫司(FK506)联用的皮肤移植物评分的结果,图7的D为2F12-L4H2(10mpk)及其与他克莫司(FK506)联用的皮肤移植物评分的结果。
图8:CD40拮抗型抗体9E6-L4H2、2F12-L4H2在人CD40转基因小鼠中的PK检测结果,使用CFZ533作为对照。
图9A至图9B:Fc突变的CD40拮抗型抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性结果,图9A是9E6-L4H2和9E6-L4H2-AAYTE的CD19+CD69+的细胞MFI抑制结果,图9B是2F12-L4H2和2F12-L4H2-AAYTE的CD19+CD69+的细胞MFI抑制结果。
图10A至图10D:Fc突变的CD40拮抗剂在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性结果,图10A是9E6-L4H2和9E6-L4H2-AAYTE抑制IL-12/23p40的结果,图10B是9E6-L4H2和9E6-L4H2-AAYTE抑制TNFα的结果,图10C是2F12-L4H2和2F12-L4H2-AAYTE抑制IL-12/23p40的结果,图10D是2F12-L4H2和2F12-L4H2-AAYTE抑制TNFα的结果。
图11A和图11B:抗CD40-ADC在CD40介导的GRE报告基因系统中的活性,图11A和图11B分别是ADC-1和ADC-2的相关结果。偶连激素的IgG1同种型hIgG-化合物1作为阴性对照,ref-ADC作为阳性对照。
图12A和图12B:抗CD40-ADC在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性的结果,图12A和图12B是9E6-L4H2、ADC-1和ADC-2在供体1(图12A)和供体2(图12B)来源的PBMC中的CD19+CD69+细胞百分比抑制结果,图12A和图12B均使用人IgG1同种型hIgG1作为阴性对照。
图13A至图13E:抗CD40-ADC在小鼠皮肤移植排斥模型中的活性结果,图13A为流程图,图13B为不同剂量ADC-1的皮肤移植物生存率(%)结果,图13C为不同剂量ADC-1的皮肤移植物评分结果,图13D为ADC-1的皮肤移植物生存率(%)结果,图13E为ADC-1的皮肤移植物评分结果。
图14A至图14B:抗CD40-ADC在小鼠皮肤移植排斥模型中的活性结果,图14A为ADC-1和ADC-2的皮肤移植物生存率(%)结果,图14B为ADC-1和ADC-2的皮肤移植物评分结果。
以下结合实施例用于进一步描述本公开,但这些实施例并非限制本公开的范围。
本公开实施例或测试例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,
或按照原料或商品制造厂商所建议的条件。参见Sambrook等,分子克隆,实验室手册,冷泉港实验室;当代分子生物学方法,Ausubel等著,Greene出版协会,Wiley Interscience,NY。未注明具体来源的试剂,为市场购买的常规试剂。、
实施例1.CD40免疫抗原、筛选抗原的序列及制备
带his标签的人CD40(h-CD40-his)重组蛋白(货号CD0-H5228)、带小鼠Fc标签的人CD40(h-CD40-mFc)重组蛋白(货号CD0-H525a)、带his标签和生物素标签的人CD40(hCD40-his-avi)重组蛋白(货号CD0-H82E8)和带his标签的食蟹猴CD40(cyno-CD40-his)重组蛋白(货号CD0-C52H6)均为购买自Acrobiosystems公司的纯化商业蛋白试剂,其各自的序列来源见表1。所述蛋白试剂可用于下述各实施例实验中。
表1.重组蛋白氨基酸序列来源
实施例2.抗CD40兔单克隆抗体的筛选和人-兔嵌合抗体的制备
抗人CD40单克隆抗体通过免疫2只新西兰白兔产生。免疫抗原为带His标签的人CD40重组蛋白(h-CD40-his,用磷酸盐缓冲液配制成1μg/μl)。用弗氏佐剂乳化:首次用弗氏完全佐剂(CFA),其余加强免疫用弗氏不完全佐剂(IFA)。每次免疫采用多点皮下注射400μg抗原。免疫注射时间为第0,7,20,41天。于第27和48天采血进行血检,用ELISA和FACS方法检测兔子血清中的抗体滴度。选择血清中抗体滴度高并且滴度趋于平稳的兔子:第63天加强免疫,静脉注射400μg/只的磷酸盐缓冲液配制的抗原溶液;第67天收集该兔子的脾脏,加入带有生物素标签的CD40抗原,用流式细胞仪分选被标记的单克隆B细胞至96孔板中。培养14天后,收集上清液,通过ELISA和FACS的方法筛选上清液可以结合人CD40、食蟹猴CD40以及Raji细胞(表达人CD40的肿瘤细胞系)的克隆,一共28株B细胞单克隆。对这些单克隆细胞提取RNA,反转录,进行PCR扩增后送测序公司测序,最终得到28株兔源抗体的序列,经亲和力、活性鉴定实验(方法参见实施例2-3),筛选获得多株单抗(9E6、3F6、8E1、2F1、2F12),其中,9E6抗体的重链和轻链可变区序列如表2所示,CDR序列如表3所示。
表2.抗CD40兔单克隆抗体可变区序列
(注:下划线为重轻链可变区的CDR区,使用Kabat编号规则确定)
(注:下划线为重轻链可变区的CDR区,使用Kabat编号规则确定)
表3.抗CD40兔单克隆抗体的CDR区(Kabat编号规则)
将获得的可变区序列分别接上人的抗体IgG1恒定区(带有N297A突变,Eu编号系统)序列和人kappa链恒定区序列,得到人-兔嵌合抗体序列,利用分子克隆技术,把嵌合抗体的序列插入到表达载体中,利用HEK293细胞表达系统,即可获得人-兔嵌合抗体。
实施例3.人-兔嵌合抗CD40抗体Raji细胞结合实验
Raji细胞是过表达人CD40的肿瘤细胞系。将数量为2E5的Raji细胞接种到96孔板上。加入100μL待测抗体,最高终浓度为100nM,5倍稀释,一共8个浓度,4℃孵育1小时。用洗液洗一遍,按1:500的稀释度加入偶联了AF647的抗人IgG抗体(Jackson Immunoresearch Laborotories,货号205-609-088),4℃孵育30分钟。用洗液洗一遍,流式细胞仪读取荧光强度。计算抗CD40抗体对CD40的结合EC50值。使用抗CD40拮抗型抗体CFZ533(即,Iscalimab,Nova)作为阳性对照,重链和轻链可变区序列分别来源于US8277810B的序列5和序列2。
表4结果显示,3F6、9E6均具有强于CFZ533的结合EC50,而以8E1(序列未出示)为例的其他抗体的EC50则弱于CFZ533。
表4.人-兔嵌合抗CD40抗体对Raji细胞的FACS结合EC50(nM)
实施例4人-兔嵌合抗CD40抗体报告基因细胞活性实验
HEK-Blue CD40L细胞购自Invivogen(Cat#hkb-cd40),该细胞稳定转染了人
CD40基因和NF-kB介导的SEAP基因组,可以通过SEAP底物QUANTI-Blue检测上清中分泌的SEAP来表征CD40信号通路的活化水平。本实验通过检测CD40L对细胞HEK-Blue CD40L的活化,根据IC50大小评价抗CD40抗体的体外拮抗剂活性。细胞HEK-Blue CD40L培养在含10%FBS,100μg/mL Zeocin和30μg/mL Blasticidin的DMEM培养基中,一周传代2~3次,传代比例1:5或1:10。传代时,吸掉培养基,用5mL 0.25%的胰酶冲洗细胞层,然后吸掉胰酶,将细胞放在培养箱中消化3~5分钟,加入新鲜培养基重悬细胞。在96孔细胞培养板中加入100μL的细胞悬液,密度为5×10^5细胞/mL,培养基为含10%FBS,100μg/mL Zeocin和30μg/mL Blasticidin的DMEM,96孔板外围只加入100μl无菌水。将培养板在培养箱培养24小时(37℃,5%CO2)。细胞贴壁后,每孔加入100μl梯度稀释的待测抗体,37℃孵育30分钟。加入25ng/mL CD40L(R&D,货号2706-CL)和2μg/mL anti-His抗体(R&D,货号MAB050),将培养板在培养箱孵育20-24小时(37℃,5%CO2)。每孔取20μl细胞上清到一个新的96孔平底板中,加入180μl QUANTI-Blue底物溶液,将培养板在培养箱内避光孵育1-3小时。用酶标仪(Thermo MμltiSkanFc)测定在630nm处的吸光度,计算IC50值评价抗CD40抗体的体外细胞活性。参见表5,结果显示9E6具有与CFZ533相比略强的报告基因细胞抑制活性IC50,而以2F1(序列未出示)为例的其他抗体的IC50则弱于CFZ533。
表5.抗CD40抗体报告基因细胞活性IC50(nM)
实施例5.抗CD40抗体的人源化
将兔源抗体2F12、9E6的重、轻链可变区序列与抗体GermLine数据库比较,获得同源性高的人种系模板。最终抗体进行人源化的人种系模板信息参见表6。
表6.抗体人源化过程的人种系模板信息
将兔源抗体的CDR区移植到选择的人种系模板上,替换人种系可变区,再与相应的人源IgG恒定区(优选重链为带有N297A突变的IgG1,轻链为κ)重组。然后以兔源抗体的三维结构为基础,对包埋残基、与CDR区有直接相互作用的残基,以及对VL和VH的构象有重要影响的残基进行回复突变,并对潜在的翻译后修饰风险点进行突变,得到最终的人源化分子。实例性出示9E6对应的人源化轻、重
链可变区序列(参见表7),其中L代表轻链,H代表重链,L和H后的数字代表包含不同回复突变的不同版本的人源化序列。
表7.人源化的9E6的重、轻链可变区序列
(下划线为Kabat编码规则的CDR。)
9E6在人源化的过程中,获得了如下的LCDR3:
>9E6-L1的LCDR3
>9E6-L2的LCDR3
>9E6-L3的LCDR3
>9E6-L4的LCDR3
>9E6-L的LCDR3通式
QGGYWTSTSNFGX9X10(SEQ ID NO:19),其中,X9选自N、S、T或Q,X10选自V或G。
在每个兔抗的人源化各版本轻、重链之间进行两两组合、表达和纯化。命名规则为重链和轻链可变区编号的组合,例如“9E6-L1H1”即是VH选择SEQ ID NO:13,VL选择SEQ ID NO:9的抗体。轻、重链恒定区分别采用人IgG1恒定区(带有N297A突变,Eu编号系统)序列和人kappa链恒定区序列。
示例性的人源化分子2F12-L4H2(使用2F12-L4轻链和2F12-H2重链),9E6-L4H2(使用9E6-L4轻链和9E6-H2重链)序列如下,其轻、重链恒定区分别采用人IgG1恒定区(带有N297A突变,Eu编号系统)序列和人kappa链恒定区序列。
>9E6-L4H2 HC:
>9E6-L4H2LC:
>2F12-L4H2 HC:
>2F12-L4H2 LC:
对上述抗体的重链恒定区进行改造,抗体采用人IgG1恒定区,带有L234A,L235A,M252Y,S254T和T256E(Eu编号系统)5个点突变,轻链恒定区以及轻、重链可变区保持不变。新产生的抗体为2F12-L4H2-AAYTE和9E6-L4H2-AAYTE,其完整重链序列如下所示:
>9E6-L4H2-AAYTE HC:
>2F12-L4H2-AAYTE HC:
以上下划线区为重链或轻链恒定区。
实例性的IgG Fc如下所示:
>IgG1-Fc(N297A)
>IgG1-Fc(AAYTE)
实施例6.人源化抗CD40抗体Raji细胞结合实验
Raji细胞表面高表达人CD40,可用于检测CD40拮抗型抗体与细胞表面人
CD40的结合特性。
将Raji以1.5E5/孔铺板,加入不同浓度的CD40拮抗型抗体,4度孵育1小时。FACS缓冲液(PBS+2%FBS)洗涤两遍后,加入二抗(Alexa Flour488偶连的抗人IgG(H+L)抗体),4度孵育0.5小时。FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍后,流式细胞仪(BD FACS Celesta)检测细胞表面的荧光强度。
结果如表8所示,其中2F12-L4H2、9E6-L4H2和CFZ533与Raji表面的人CD40有相似的结合能力。
表8.人源化抗CD40抗体对Raji细胞的FACS结合EC50结果
实施例7.抗CD40抗体与人CD40和食蟹猴CD40的亲和力测定
将待测抗体亲和捕获在抗人Fc的芯片上,然后于芯片表面流经一系列浓度梯度下的带有His标签的人或食蟹猴CD40抗原,利用Biacore仪器实时检测反应信号从而获得结合和解离曲线。实验中用到的缓冲液为HBS-EP+10×缓冲溶液(Cat.#BR-1006-69,GE),用D.I.Water稀释至1×(pH 7.4)。实验得到的数据以(1:1)Binding模型进行拟合,得出亲和力数值,见表9。
9E6-L4H2、2F12-L4H2相比CFZ533与人CD40有相似的结合常数,9E6-L4H2与食蟹猴CD40的结合亲和力较强,2F12-L4H2与食蟹猴CD40的结合亲和力略弱。
表9.CD40拮抗型抗体与不同种系CD40的SPR亲合力
实施例8.抗CD40抗体报告基因细胞活性实验
HEK-Blue CD40L细胞购自Invivogen(Cat#hkb-cd40),该细胞稳定转染了人CD40基因和NF-kB介导的SEAP基因组,可以通过SEAP底物QUANTI-Blue检测上清中分泌的SEAP含量来表征CD40信号通路的活化水平。本实验通过检测CD40拮抗型抗体对CD40L诱导的HEK-Blue CD40L细胞活化的抑制作用,根据IC50大小评价CD40拮抗型抗体的体外细胞活性。
HEK-Blue CD40L细胞培养在含10%FBS,100μg/ml Normocin,100μg/ml Zeocin和30pg/ml Blasticidin的DMEM培养基中,一周传代2~3次。将HEK-Blue CD40L细胞以5E4/孔铺入96孔细胞培养板(培养基为DMEM,10%FBS,100μg/ml Normocin),培养过夜。细胞贴壁后,每孔加入100μL梯度稀释的待测抗体,37℃孵育1小时。加入CD40L-his(R&D,2706-CL-025)和抗His抗体(R&D,MAB050-500),过夜培养。将细胞离心,转移20μL细胞上清到一个新的96孔白板中,加入180μL QUANTI-Blue底物溶液,避光孵育15分钟,用Envision酶标仪测定在620nm处的吸光度,计算IC50值评价CD40拮抗型抗体的体外细胞活性。
结果如表10和图1所示,9E6-L4H2和CFZ533对报告基因系统具有相似的抑制活性,2F12-L4H2的抑制活性比CFZ533更优。
表10.抗CD40抗体对CD40报告基因细胞活性抑制IC50
实施例9.抗CD40抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
CD40高表达于B细胞,CD40L结合CD40后可诱导B细胞活化,上调一系列激活标志物的表达。CD40拮抗型抗体通过阻断CD40L与CD40的结合,解除B细胞的免疫激活过程。
将人PBMC以2E5/孔,每孔50μL铺入96孔细胞培养板(培养基为RPMI-1640,10%FBS,1%青霉素-链霉素)。每孔加入50μL梯度稀释的待测抗体,37℃,5%CO2条件共孵育0.5小时。每孔加入CD40L-his和抗His抗体,刺激过夜。第二天离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍,加入100μL 1:1000稀释的Fixable viability dye EF780(Invitrogen,65086514)室温染色15分钟。细胞洗涤两遍后加入100μL 1:200稀释的人Fc封闭剂(Fc blocker,BD,564220)室温封闭10分钟。离心细胞后加入1:200稀释的流式抗体(PerCP/Cyanine5.5anti-human CD19(Biolegend,302230),APC anti-human CD69(Biolegend,310910)),4℃孵育0.5小时。离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍后,用200μL PBS重悬细胞,流式细胞仪(BD FACS Celesta)检测细胞表面的荧光强度。
结果如表11和图2A至图2B所示,9E6-L4H2相比CFZ533具有相似的B细
胞激活抑制活性。2F12-L4H2的B细胞抑制活性强于CFZ533。
表11.人源化抗CD40抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
加入抗体后,CD19+CD69+信号低于本底值,可能是因为一定程度抑制了B细胞的本底激活(除抑制CD40L诱导的信号外)。
实施例10.抗CD40抗体在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
CD40在树突状细胞(Dendritic Cell,DC)上高表达,CD40L结合CD40后可诱导DC活化,上调DC细胞表面多个激活标志物的表达,并促进DC分泌多种炎症因子,进一步扩大免疫反应。CD40拮抗型抗体通过阻断CD40L与CD40的结合,解除DC细胞的免疫激活过程。
使用EsaySepTM人CD14分选试剂盒(Stemcell,19359)从新鲜原代人外周血PBMC中分选并富集单核细胞,用RPMI-1640培养基(10%FBS,1%青霉素-链霉素),50ng/ml IL-4(PeproTech,200-04)和50ng/ml GM-CSF(PeproTech,300-03)分化6天。第7天时将分化完成的DC细胞以1E5/孔铺入96孔细胞培养板。每孔加入梯度稀释的待测抗体,37℃,5%CO2条件共孵育0.5小时。每孔再加入终浓度为CD40L-his和抗His抗体。培养48小时后流式检测DC细胞的激活水平:离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液(PBS+2%FBS)洗涤两遍,加入100μL 1:1000稀释的Fixable viability dye EF780(Invitrogen,65086514)室温染色15分钟。细胞洗涤两遍后加入100μL 1:200稀释的人Fc封闭(BD,564220)室温封闭10分钟。离心细胞后加入1:200稀释的流式抗体(Alexa700anti-human CD11c(Biolegend,337220),Brilliant Violet 421TManti-human CD80(Biolegend,305221),APC anti-human CD86(Biolegend,305412)),4℃孵育0.5小时。离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍后,用200μL PBS重悬细胞,流式细胞仪(BD FACS Celesta)检测细胞表面的荧光强度。
此外,分别于培养24小时(TNFα,Cisbio,62HTNFAPEG)和48小时(IL-12/23p40,Novus,VAL121)后检测上清中细胞因子的分泌水平。
实验结果如表12和图3A至图3D所示,9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2具有与对照抗体CFZ533相似的DC细胞抑制活性。
表12.人源化抗CD40抗体在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
实施例11.人源化抗CD40抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的激动活性
CD40属于TNF超家族受体,在结合配体CD40L或被抗体交联后可介导下游信号通路的特异和非特异性激活,因此在不加入CD40L条件下可检测CD40拮抗型抗体对B细胞的本底激动剂活性。
将人PBMC以2E5/孔,每孔100μL铺入96孔细胞培养板(培养基为RPMI-1640,10%FBS,1%青霉素-链霉素)。每孔加入100μL梯度稀释的待测抗体,37℃,5%CO2培养过夜。第二天离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍,加入100μL1:1000稀释的Fixable viability dye EF780室温染色15分钟。细胞洗涤两遍后加入100μL 1:200稀释的人Fc封闭室温封闭10分钟。离心细胞后加入1:200稀释的流式抗体(PerCP/Cyanine5.5anti-human CD19(Biolegend,302230),APC anti-human CD69(Biolegend,310910)),4℃孵育0.5小时。离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两次后,用200μL PBS重悬细胞,流式细胞仪(BD FACS Celesta)检测细胞表面的荧光强度。
结果如图4所示,CD40激动性抗体9E5-SELFNS(WO2020108611A1)剂量依赖地激活B细胞,而9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2在2.5nM下仍然没有表现出明显的B细胞激动活性。
实施例12.小鼠T细胞依赖的体液免疫反应(TDAR)模型
雌性人CD40转基因小鼠,6-7周龄,购自百奥赛图江苏基因生物技术有限公司。饲养环境:SPF;生产许可证:SCXK(苏)-2016-0004;人CD40转基因小鼠合格证编号:320726200100167773。动物到达后适应性饲养7天,随机分组。实验第0天,各组小鼠取1只采血,之后腹腔注射给药。第1天时小鼠腹腔注射50μg KLH(KLH:弗氏完全佐剂CFA=1:1乳化免疫复合物)/只免疫。实验第15天时,腹腔注射50μg KLH(KLH:弗氏不完全佐剂IFA=1:1乳化免疫复合物)/只进行二次免疫。各组药物每周腹腔注射2次,分别于第7、14、21和28天经眼眶静脉丛采血~150μL。全血室温放置1-4小时,7000rpm速度4℃离心10分钟分离血清-80℃保存备用。具体实验流程如图5A所示。
具体给药方案如表13所示,每周分离小鼠血清并用ELISA检测抗KLH的特异性IgG水平。
表13.小鼠TDAR模型实验给药方案
结果如图5B和表14所示,1mg/kg CD40拮抗型抗体显著抑制两次免疫后抗KLH特异IgG的产生。低剂量0.3mg/kg 9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2相比同剂量CFZ533对两次免疫后抗KLH的IgG的产生有更优的抑制作用。
表14.抗CD40抗体对免疫后IgG产生的抑制作用(0.3mpk)
实施例13.小鼠皮肤移植排异模型
雄性Balb/c小鼠,6周龄,购自上海市计划生育科学研究所实验动物经营部。饲养环境:SPF;合格证编号:20180006023393。
雌性人CD40转基因小鼠,6-7周龄,购自百奥赛图江苏基因生物技术有限公司。饲养环境:SPF;合格证编号:320726200100179778。
动物到达后适应性饲养7天,随机分组。实验第-2天,小鼠腹腔注射他克莫司FK506或CD40拮抗型抗体。实验第0天,4%水合氯醛麻醉供体Balb/c小鼠和C57BL6/J小鼠,取下供体小鼠尾巴,分离整圈长度1cm尾部皮肤。受体小鼠背部去毛,沿皮肤层切口,在保留背部脂肪和结缔组织的情况下去掉等面积的皮肤,将供体皮肤放置于受体小鼠切口处,使用胶水缝合边缘皮肤,放入笼中恢复。具体实验流程如图6A所示。
通过表15的给药方案给药小鼠,小鼠恢复7天后,每天观察小鼠皮肤生存情况,根据排异评分记录排异分数。评分体系如下,3:皮肤没有出现红色,光滑;2:部分皮肤发红,失去光泽,干燥;1:皮肤大部分变红,没有条纹,缩水;0:移植排异导致80%的皮肤坏死。
表15.小鼠皮肤移植排异模型给药方案
结果如图6B和表16-表18所示,CD40拮抗型抗体相比模型组均能显著改善小鼠皮肤移植物评分,并延长皮肤移植物的存活时间。在对皮肤移植物评分的过程中,由于之前看不出来是否有排异,是从第8天开始进行评分。9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2相比对照抗体CFZ533表现出更优的抗移植排异活性。
表16.抗CD40抗体的第15天皮肤移植物生存率(%)
表17.抗CD40抗体的皮肤移植物评分(3mpk)
表18.抗CD40抗体的皮肤移植物评分(10mpk)
此外,如图7和表19-表21所示,9E6-L4H2和2F12-L4H2联用他克莫司后对抗小鼠皮肤移植排异有进一步的增效。
表19.抗CD40抗体和他莫克司联用的第15天皮肤移植物生存率
表20.抗CD40抗体和他莫克司联用的皮肤移植物评分
表21.抗CD40抗体和他莫克司联用的皮肤移植物评分
实施例14.人源化抗CD40抗体在人CD40转基因小鼠中的PK检测
雌性人CD40转基因小鼠,6-7周龄,购自百奥赛图江苏基因生物技术有限公司。饲养环境:SPF;生产许可证:SCXK(苏)-2016-0004;人CD40转基因小鼠合格证编号:320726200100154632。动物到达后适应性饲养7天,随机分组。实验第0天,各组小鼠10mg/kg腹腔注射抗CD40抗体,于给药后15分钟,4小时,8小时,第1,2,4,7,10和14天,分别采血100-150μL,使用10μL EDTA-K2(0.1M)抗凝,冰上保存。用ELISA检测不同时间点小鼠血浆中的抗体浓度。具
体检测方法如下:将山羊抗人IgG Fc抗体(Rockland,Cat#609-101-017)用PBS稀释至2.5μg/ml,50μL/每孔加入96孔板中,4度孵育过夜。洗液洗三遍后,每孔加入50μL封闭液,37℃孵育1小时。加入小鼠血浆和待检测抗体的标准曲线,37℃孵育2小时。洗液洗三遍,按50μL/每孔加入抗hlgG Fab-HRP(Sigma,Cat#A0293,1:10000),室温孵育1小时。洗液洗三遍。每孔加入100μL TMB,避光反应5分钟。每孔加入100μL的0.16M硫酸。Envision酶标仪读取450nm OD值,计算CD40拮抗型抗体的浓度。
结果如表22和图8所示,9E6-L4H2,2F12-L4H2和对照分子CFZ533在人CD40转基因小鼠中有相似的PK特征。
表22.CD40拮抗型抗体在hCD40转基因小鼠中的PK数据
实施例15.人源化抗CD40抗体与人FcRn的亲合力测定
将待测抗体亲和捕获在抗人Fab的芯片上,然后于芯片表面流经一系列浓度梯度下的人FcRn抗原(购自AcroBiosystem),利用Biacore仪器实时检测反应达到稳态时的信号。实验中用到的缓冲液为HBS-EP+10×缓冲溶液(Cat.#BR-1006-69,GE),用D.I.Water稀释至1×(pH 7.4)。实验得到的数据以稳态结合(Steady State Binding)模型进行拟合,得出亲和力数值,见表23。相比母本抗体,携带AAYTE突变的抗CD40抗体与人FcRn有更高的结合亲和力。
表23.人源化抗CD40抗体与人FcRn的亲合力测定
实施例16.Fc携带AAYTE突变的抗CD40抗体在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
参照实施例10中的方法,检测Fc上携带AAYTE突变的抗CD40抗体2F12-L4H2-AAYTE、9E6-L4H2-AAYTE在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性。结果如图9A至图9B所示,Fc突变的抗CD40抗体与母本抗CD40抗体具有相似的B细胞抑制活性。
实施例17.Fc携带AAYTE突变的抗CD40抗体在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
参照实施例11中的方法,检测Fc上携带AAYTE突变的抗CD40抗体2F12-L4H2-AAYTE、9E6-L4H2-AAYTE在DC细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性。结果如图10A至图10D所示,Fc突变抗CD40抗体与母本抗CD40抗体具有相似的DC细胞抑制活性。
实施例18.抗体药物偶联物ADC-1(9E6-L4H2-化合物1)的制备
1. 781F02的合成
在1000mL单口瓶中加入原料781F01c(48g,176.4mmol,1.0eq),联硼酸频哪醇酯(71.7g,282.2mmol,1.6eq),醋酸钾(34.6g,352.8mmol,2.0eq),PdCl2(dppf)(6.4g,8.82mmol,0.05eq),再加二氧六环(500mL),氮气保护下升温至95℃搅拌2小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,反应液冷却,再加入原料781F01f(80.8g,352.8mmol,2.0eq),碳酸钾(48.8g,352.8mmol,2.0eq),PdCl2(dppf)(6.4g,8.82mmol,0.05eq),再加水(100mL)搅拌,氮气保护下加热到80度搅拌过夜,取样原料反应完全。反应液冷却后加乙酸乙酯和水搅拌,分液,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干,粗品过柱,得到白色固体约54g,纯度95%,收率90%。Ms(ESI):m/z 342.1[M+1]+。
2. 781F03的合成
在500mL三口瓶中加入原料781F02(7.0g,20.5mmol,1.0eq),高锰酸钾(9.7g,61.6mmol,3.0eq),四叔丁基溴化铵(20.0g,61.6mmol,3.0eq),再加二氯乙烷(140mL),氮气保护下室温搅拌48小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,反应液冰水冷却,加入10%亚硫酸氢钠和醋酸搅拌,固体全溶,分液,有机层加无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,旋干,粗品过柱,得到白色固体约6.2g,纯度95%,收率85%。Ms(ESI):m/z 378.1[M+23]+。
3. 781F04的合成
在500mL三口瓶中加入原料781F03(20.0g,56.0mmol,1.0eq),丙二硫醇(12.1g,112.0mmol,2.0eq),三氟化硼乙醚(23.8g,168.0mmol,3.0eq),再加氯仿(100mL),氮气保护下加热回流搅拌4小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,反应液冰水冷却,加入水搅拌,固体全溶,分液,有机层加无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,旋干,粗品加石油醚搅拌,抽滤得到类白色固体约22g,直接投入下一步。Ms(ESI):m/z 346.0[M+1]+。
4. 781F05的合成
在100mL三口瓶中加入原料粗品781F04(22.0g,以56.0mmol计,1.0eq),二碳酸二叔丁酯(24.4g,112.0mmol,2.0eq),再加乙醇(60mL),氮气保护下加热50度搅拌4小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,反应液旋干,过柱,得到白色固体约18.5g,纯度95%,收率71%。Ms(ESI):m/z 468.1[M+23]+。
5. 781F06的合成
在100mL三口瓶中加入原料粗品781F05(4.7g,13.6mmol,1.0eq),DAST(6.6g,40.9mmol,3.0eq),再加二氯甲烷(50mL),氮气保护下加热50度搅拌4小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,冰水冷却下加水淬灭,分液,有机层无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,旋干,过柱,得到白色固体约3.9g,纯度95%,收率76%。Ms(ESI):m/z 400.1[M+23]+。
6. 781F07的合成
在100mL三口瓶中加入原料粗品781F06(2.0g,5.3mmol,1.0eq),再加四氢呋喃(25mL)溶解,氮气保护下,冷却到0度左右,缓慢滴加1.0M的氢化铝锂四
氢呋喃溶液(8.0mL,8.0mmol,1.5eq),保持0度左右搅拌1小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,冰水冷却下加水(0.8mL)淬灭,再加3.0M氢氧化钾水溶液(0.8mL),再加水(1.6mL)搅拌15min,抽滤,滤液加无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,旋干,得到粗品约2.2g,直接投入下一步。Ms(ESI):m/z 372.1[M+23]+。
7. 781F08的合成
在100mL三口瓶中加入原料粗品781F07(粗品2.2g,5.3mmol,1.0eq),再加乙酸乙酯(25mL)溶解,氮气保护下,冷却到5度左右,加入Dess-Martin氧化剂(6.7g,15.9mmol,3.0eq),保持10度左右搅拌1小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,抽滤,滤液旋干,粗品过柱纯化,得到白色固体约1.5g,纯度95%,收率82%。Ms(ESI):m/z 370.1[M+23]+。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.06(s,1H),7.94(d,2H),7.70(d,2H),7.53(s,1H),7.47(d,2H),7.35(t,1H),7.15(d,1H),6.55(m,1H)。
8. 781F00A的合成
在100mL三口瓶中加入16-α-羟基泼尼松龙(1.2g,3.0mmol,1.0eq),781F08(1.1g,3.17mmol,1.05eq),再加无水硫酸镁(1.8g,15.0mmol,5.0eq),再加乙腈(25mL)搅拌,氮气保护下,冷却到0度以下,加入三氟甲磺酸(2.3g,15.0mmol,5.0eq),保持0度左右搅拌1小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,停止反应,抽滤,滤液直接制备,得到白色固体约1.5g,纯度95%,收率70%。Ms(ESI):m/z606.3[M+1]+。
1H-NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ7.53(m,4H),7.44(m,2H),7.28(m,3H),6.23(dd,1H),5.99(t,1H),5.52(s,1H),5.08(d,1H),4.63(d,1H),4.37(m,2H),2.65(td,1H),2.36(d,1H),2.25(m,1H),2.13(m,1H),1.95(dd,1H),1.80(m,4H),1.49(s,3H),1.11(dt,1H),1.10(m,4H)。
9. 781F10的合成
在25mL三口瓶中加入原料781F00A(0.329g,0.544mmol,1.05eq),加原料78101-11(0.25g,0.52mmol,1.0eq),三乙胺(0.25g,1.56mmol,3.0eq),DMF(2mL),加完后在冰浴下降温5-10min,使内温达到-5℃,然后缓慢加入T3P(50%DMF)(0.9mL,1.82mmol,3.5eq),加完后在自然升温条件下搅拌16小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,目标产物为主峰,有目标产物脱水的副产物生成,两者的比例为2.5/1,停止反应,反应液直接经pre-HPLC纯化,得白色固体产品781F10(223mg,收率40%,纯度96%。Ms(ESI):m/z 1092.4[M+Na]+。
10. 781F11的合成
在50mL三口瓶中加入原料781F10(0.22g,0.206mmol,1.0eq),加原料四氮唑(0.20g,2.87mmol,14.0eq),N,N-二乙基亚磷酰胺二叔丁酯(0.616g,2.47mmol,12.0eq),DMF(2.6mL),加完后在室温下反应2小时,取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,生成了中间体,中间体为两个峰,冰浴下降温5-10min,使内温达到0℃,然后缓慢加入H2O2(30%)(0.13g,0.57mmol,5.5eq),加完后在室温下搅拌1小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,目标产物为主峰,停止反应,反应液直接经pre-HPLC纯化,得白色固体产品781F11(184.1mg,收率70.8%,纯度98%。Ms(ESI):m/z 1284.6[M+Na]+。
11. 781F12的合成
在25mL单口瓶中加入原料781F11(0.285g,0.233mmol,1.0eq),加原料piperidine(0.17g,1.96mmol,8.5eq),乙腈(5mL),加完后在室温条件下搅拌0.5小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,目标产物为主峰。后处理为减压旋干溶剂,加入5mL石油醚打浆,在室温下搅拌2小时,然后过滤,滤饼再用2mL石油醚洗涤两次,得白色固体产品781F12(209mg,收率91%,纯度90%。Ms(ESI):m/z 1004.4[M+H]+。
12. 781F13的合成
在25mL单口瓶中加入原料2-溴乙酸(0.074g,0.523mmol,2.6eq),加原料EEDQ(0.13g,0.523mmol,2.6eq),DMF(1mL),加完后在室温下搅拌1小时,反应液由无色变为黄绿色,这时,加入781F12(0.21g,0.201mmol,1.0eq)的DMF(0.5mL)溶液,加完后在室温下搅拌1.6小时。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,目标产物为主峰。停止反应,先用二氯甲烷(40mL)稀释,再用1M HBr(10mL x 2)洗涤,然后饱和碳酸氢钠(20mL x 2)洗涤,最后用饱和食盐水洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,油泵减压旋干,得褐色固体粗品781F13(230mg,粗,纯度80%。Ms(ESI):m/z 1182.4[M+Na]+。
13.化合物1的合成
在25mL单口瓶中加入原料781F13(0.240g,0.201mmol,1.0eq),DCM(2mL),加完后在冰浴下降温5min,使内温达到0℃,然后缓慢加入三氟乙酸(1mL),加完后在室温下搅拌40分钟。取样LCMS检测,原料反应完全,目标产物为主峰,反应液在冰浴下减压旋干后经pre-HPLC纯化,冻干得白色固体产品化合物1(78mg,收率39.2%,纯度99%。Ms(ESI):m/z 1014.2[M+Na]+。
14.ADC-1(9E6-L4H2-化合物1)的合成
于37℃,向抗体9E6-L4H2的缓冲液A缓冲水溶液(pH=6.3的0.05M缓冲水溶液;40.0mg/ml,4.0mL,0.27mmol)加入配制好的三(2-羧乙基)膦盐酸盐(TCEP.HCl)的水溶液(2.5mM,540.5uL,1.35mmol),置于水浴振荡器,于37℃振荡反应3小时,停止反应。将反应液用水浴降温至25℃。加入1.0M Tris缓冲液pH=8.30(560uL)。
将化合物1(2.68mg,2.70mmol)溶解于200ul DMSO中,加入到上述反应液中,置于水浴振荡器,于25℃振荡反应3小时,停止反应。将反应液用Sephadex G25凝胶柱脱盐纯化(洗脱相:缓冲液A),并用超滤管浓缩得到标题产物ADC-1(9E6-L4H2-化合物1)的缓冲液A缓冲液(1.97mg/mL,19.7mL,收率97%),
于4℃冷冻储存。理论DAR值为4,实测DAR值为4。
实施例19:抗体药物偶联物ADC-2(9E6-L4H2-化合物2)的制备
1.(((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)甘氨酰甘氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸叔丁基酯(化合物1b)的制备
将原料1a(5.14g,20.0mmol,1.0eq)和L-苯丙氨酸叔丁酯盐酸盐(7.08g,20.0mmol,1.0eq)置入250mL三口烧瓶中,加入无水DMF(60mL)溶清。冰浴冷却,再加入HATU(9.12g,24.0mmol,1.2eq)和DIEA(7.74g,60.0mmol,3.0eq),保持冰浴反应2小时。向反应液中加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥,减压浓缩得白色固体产品1b(11.5g,收率100%),粗品可直接投入下一步。
MS(ESI):m/z 580.3[M+Na]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.21-8.16(m,1H),8.12-8.05(m,1H),7.91-7.87(m,2H),7.72-7.68(m,2H),7.64-7.59(m,1H),7.44-7.38(m,2H),7.36-7.25(m,4H),7.23-7.18(m,3H),4.41-4.18(m,4H),3.76-3.72(m,2H),3.68-3.61(m,2H),2.98-2.89(m,2H),2.69(s,2H),1.30(s,9H).
2.甘氨酰甘氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸叔丁酯(化合物1c)的制备
将原料1b(5.57g,10.0mmol,1.0eq)置入250mL三口烧瓶中,加入无水DCM(60mL)溶清,冰浴冷却。缓慢加入哌啶(8.5g,100.0mmol,10.0eq),加毕之后维持室温搅拌反应约2小时。直接将反应液浓缩至干,粗品经柱层析纯化得产品1c为浅黄色浆状物(2.70g,收率81%)。MS(ESI):m/z 358.3[M+H]+。
3.(1-(9H-芴-9-基)-3-氧代-2,7,10,13,16-五氧-4-四聚乙二醇-19-氧基)甘氨酰甘氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸叔丁酯(化合物1d)的制备
100mL三口烧瓶中加入原料1-(9H-芴-9-基)-3-氧代-2,7,10,13,16-五氧-4-四聚乙二醇-19-油酸(1.0g,2.05mmol,1.0eq;来源于通莱生化,批号:P110114)和1c(0.69g,2.05mmol,1.0eq),加入无水DMF(25mL)溶清,冰浴冷却。加入HATU(1.01g,2.67mmol,1.3eq)和DIEA(529mg,4.10mmol,2.0eq),维持冰浴反应1小时。向反应液中加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥且减压浓缩得1d为浅黄色油状物(1.60g,收率97%)。
MS(ESI):m/z 805.3[M+H]+。
4.(1-(9H-芴-9-基)-3-氧代-2,7,10,13,16-五氧-4-四聚乙二醇-19-氧基)甘氨酰甘氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸(化合物1e)的制备
100mL单口瓶中加入原料1d(1.60g,1.99mmol,1.0eq),加入无水二氯甲烷(16mL)溶解。室温下加入三氟乙酸(8mL),维持搅拌反应2小时。将反应液直接浓缩至干得黄色将状物,加入乙酸乙酯溶解,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥,减压浓缩得1e为黄色油状物(1.23g,收率83%);
MS(ESI):m/z 749.3[M+H]+。
5.(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(2-(((2-((6aR,6bS,7S,8aS,8bS,11aR,12aS,12bS)-7-羟基-6a,8a-二甲基-4-氧代-10-丙基-1,2,4,6a,6b,7,8,8a,11a,12,12a,12b-十二氢-8bH-萘并[2',1':4,5]茚并[1,2-d][1,3]二氧杂环戊-8b-基)-2-氧代乙氧基)甲基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)氨基甲酸酯(化合物1f)的制备
100mL三口瓶中加入原料布地奈德(1.29g,3.0mmol,1.0eq)和(2-((((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)氨基)乙酰氨基)乙酸甲酯(1.16g,3.15mmol,1.05eq;参考文献“Tetrahedron,2018,74(15),1951–1956”制备得到)及对甲苯磺酸吡啶盐(75mg,0.30mmol,0.1eq)。室温下加入无水四氢呋喃(20mL),回流加热反应4小时。直接将反应液浓缩至干,粗品柱层析纯化得产品1f为白色固体(0.54g,收率24%)。
MS(ESI):m/z 739.4[M+H]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.76-8.69(m,1H),7.91-7.84(m,2H),7.73-7.67(m,2H),7.63-7.57(m,1H),7.43-7.58(m,2H),7.35-7.23(m,3H),6.13(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.91(s,2H),5.15-4.97(m,1H),4.73-4.45(m,5H),4.30-4.09(m,5H),3.65-3.59(m,2H),2.29-2.21(m,1H),2.11-1.87(m,2H),1.74-1.21(m,11H),1.09-0.77(m,8H).
6. 2-氨基-N-((2-((6aR,6bS,7S,8aS,8bS,11aR,12aS,12bS)-7-羟基-6a,8a-二甲基-4-氧代-10-丙基-1,2,4,6a,6b,7,8,8a,11a,12,12a,12b-十二氢-8bH-萘并[2',1':4,5]茚并[1,2-d][1,3]二氧杂环戊-8b-基)-2-氧代乙氧基)甲基)乙酰胺(化合物1g)的制备
25mL单口瓶中置入原料1f(540mg,0.73mmol,1.0eq),加入无水二氯甲烷(10mL)溶解。冰浴冷却,加入DBU(167mg,1.10mmol,1.5eq),维持搅拌反应30分钟。加入水分液,水相用二氯甲烷萃取两次,饱和食盐水洗涤,减压浓缩得1g浅黄色半固体(450mg粗品含芴烯,收率100%),粗品可以直接用于下一步反应。
MS(ESI):m/z 517.4[M+H]+。
7.(9H-芴-9-基)甲基((10S)-10-苄基
-1-((6aR,6bS,7S,8aS,8bS,11aR,12aS,12bS)-7-羟基-6a,8a-二甲基-4-氧代-10-丙基-1,2,4,6a,6b,7,8,8a,11a,12,12a,12b-十二氢-8bH-萘并[2',1':4,5]茚并[1,2-d][1,3]二氧杂环戊-8b-基)-1,6,9,12,15,18-六氧代-3,21,24,27,30-五氧代-5,8,11,14,17-五氨杂三十烷-32-基)氨基甲酸酯(化合物1h)的制备
100mL三口烧瓶中置入原料1g(0.45g粗品,折算为0.73mmol,1.0eq)和1e(0.55g,0.73mmol,1.0eq),加入无水DMF(9mL)溶清。冰浴冷却,再依次加入HATU(361mg,0.95mmol,1.3eq)和DIEA(189mg,1.46mmol,2.0eq),维持搅拌反应1小时。向反应液中加入水,二氯甲烷萃取两次,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤一次,干燥且减压浓缩得黄色油固状粗品。将固体粗品在混合溶剂石油醚和乙酸乙酯中打浆纯化,得产品1h为浅黄色固体(710mg,收率78%)。
MS(ESI):m/z 1269.7[M+Na]+。
8. 1-氨基-N-((10S)-10-苄基-1-((6aR,6bS,7S,8aS,8bS,11aR,12aS,12bS)-7-羟基-6a,8a-二甲基-4-氧代-10-丙基-1,2,4,6a,6b,7,8,8a,11a,12,12a,12b-十二氢-8bH-萘并[2',1':4,5]茚并[1,2-d][1,3]二氧杂环戊-8b-基)-1,6,9,12,15-五氧代-3-氧代-5,8,11,14-聚四乙二醇-16-基-3,6,9,12-四氧代十五烷-15-酰胺(化合物1i)的制备
25mL单口瓶中置入原料1h(350mg,0.28mmol,1.0eq),加入无水二氯甲烷(10mL)溶清。冰浴冷却,加入DBU(64mg,0.42mmol,1.5eq),维持搅拌反应1小时。直接将反应液浓缩至干,得油状物粗品,再经柱层析纯化得产品1i为浅黄色泡沫状固体(289mg,收率89%)。
MS(ESI):m/z 1025.6[M+H]+。
9.N-((10S)-10-苄基-1-((6aR,6bS,7S,8aS,8bS,11aR,12aS,12bS)-7-羟基-6a,8a-二甲基-4-氧代-10-丙基-1,2,4,6a,6b,7,8,8a,11a,12,12a,12b-十二氢-8bH-萘并[2',1':4,5]
茚并[1,2-d][1,3]二氧杂环戊-8b-基)-1,6,9,12,15-五氧-3-氧代-5,8,11,14-四聚乙二醇-16-基)-1-(2-溴乙酰氨基)-3,6,9,12-四氧代十五烷-15-酰胺(化合物2)的制备
25ml Schlenk-Tube中置入溴乙酸固体(35.2mg,0.25mmol,2.0eq)和EEDQ(63mg,0.25mmol,2.0eq),加入无水DMF(5mL)溶清。维持室温搅拌反应1小时。原料1i(130mg,0.127mmol,1.0eq)溶解在DMF(2mL)中,将此溶液逐滴加入到上述制备的活性酯溶液中,加毕,再维持室温反应2小时。
向反应体系中加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥且减压浓缩得油状物粗品,再经柱层析纯化得化合物2为浅黄色固体(39mg,收率27%)。
MS(ESI):m/z 1145.5/1147.6[M+1]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.62-8.57(m,1H),8.34-8.28(m,2H),8.19-8.11(m,2H),8.03-7.99(m,1H),7.30-7.17(m,6H),6.15(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),5.92(s,2H),5.18-5.03(m,1H),4.72-4.47(m,5H),4.29-4.15(m,2H),3.78-3.42(m,27H),3.27-3.21(m,2H),3.06-2.84(m,2H),2.41-2.28(m,3H),2.06-1.73(m,2H),1.60-1.24(m,10H),1.01-0.82(m,8H).
10.ADC-2(9E6-L4H2-化合物2)的制备
于37℃,向抗体9E6-L4H2的缓冲液A缓冲水溶液(pH=6.3的0.05M缓冲水溶液;15.0mg/ml,1.5mL,0.10mmol)加入配制好的三(2-羧乙基)膦盐酸盐(TCEP.HCl)的水溶液(2.5mM,170.3uL,0.42mmol),置于水浴振荡器,于37℃振荡反应3小时,停止反应。将反应液用水浴降温至25℃。加入1.0M Tris缓冲
液pH=8.30(210uL)。
将化合物2(1.16mg,1.0mmol)溶解于75ul DMSO中,加入到上述反应液中,置于水浴振荡器,于25℃振荡反应3小时,停止反应。将反应液用Sephadex G25凝胶柱脱盐纯化(洗脱相:缓冲液A),并用超滤管浓缩得到标题产物ADC-2(9E6-L4H2-化合物2)的缓冲液A缓冲液(5.14mg/mL,2.48mL),收率85%,于4℃冷冻储存。理论DAR值为4.0,实测DAR值为3.8。
实施例20.抗CD40-ADC与人CD40和食蟹猴CD40的亲和力测定
将待测抗体和抗CD40-ADC亲和捕获在抗人Fc的芯片上,然后于芯片表面流经一系列浓度梯度下的带有His标签的人或食蟹猴CD40抗原,利用Biacore仪器实时检测反应信号从而获得结合和解离曲线。实验中用到的缓冲液为HBS-EP+10×缓冲溶液(Cat.#BR-1006-69,GE),用D.I.Water稀释至1×(pH 7.4)。实验得到的数据以(1:1)Binding模型进行拟合,得出亲和力数值,见表24。
表24.抗CD40-ADC与不同种系CD40的SPR亲合力
实施例21.抗CD40-ADC在CD40介导的GRE报告基因系统中的活性
在Hela细胞中用慢病毒建立稳定转染MMTV-Luc的报告基因细胞系,MMTV可响应糖皮质激素受体的激活,后续将该细胞系称为GRE报告基因细胞系。将稳转Hela-MMTV-Luc细胞系铺板于96孔板中(30000个细胞/孔),每孔用lipo3000转染空载质粒或人CD40质粒(hCD40,50ng/孔)。过夜后与不同浓度的抗CD40-ADC孵育,22h后用Bright-Glo(promega)检测试剂检测报告基因系统中荧光酶的表达。
结果如表25和图11A(实验1)、11B(实验2)所示,ADC-1和ADC-2特异地激活表达CD40的GRE报告基因细胞系,在不表达CD40的GRE报告基因细胞系中无活性。对照分子ref-ADC(对照分子为CN111465399A,表6B中实例13-水解所示的ADC分子;抗体对应为Ab102,其包含如序列3所示的重链和序列4所示的轻链;CN111465399A通过引用全文并入本公开)在CD40-GRE细胞系中活性更高,但在不表达CD40的GRE报告基因细胞系表现出非特异的激活活性。
表25.抗CD40-ADC在CD40介导的GRE报告基因系统中的活性
实施例22.抗CD40-ADC在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
CD40高表达于B细胞,CD40L结合CD40后可诱导B细胞活化,上调一系列激活标志物的表达。CD40拮抗型抗体通过阻断CD40L与CD40的结合,解除B细胞的免疫激活过程。
将人PBMC以2E5/孔,每孔50μL铺入96孔细胞培养板(培养基为RPMI-1640,10%FBS,1%青霉素-链霉素)。每孔加入50μL梯度稀释的待测抗体或ADC,37℃,5%CO2条件共孵育0.5小时。每孔加入50μL预孵育的CD40L-his和抗His抗体,刺激过夜。第二天离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍,加入100μL 1:1000稀释的Fixable viability dye EF780(Invitrogen,65086514)室温染色15分钟。细胞洗涤两遍后加入100μL 1:200稀释的人Fc blocker(BD,564220)室温封闭10分钟。离心细胞后加入100μL流式抗体(PerCP/Cyanine5.5 anti-human CD19(Biolegend,302230,1:100稀释),APC anti-human CD69(Biolegend,310910,1:200稀释)),4℃孵育0.5小时。离心去除上清,细胞用FACS缓冲液洗涤两遍后,用200μL FACS缓冲液重悬细胞,流式细胞仪(BD FACS Celesta)检测细胞表面的荧光强度。
结果如表26和图12A、图12B所示,ADC-1和ADC-2与单抗9E6-L4H2具有相似的B细胞抑制活性。
表26.抗CD40-ADC在B细胞激活实验体系中的抑制活性
加入抗体或ADC后,CD19+CD69+信号低于本底值,可能是因为一定程度抑制了B细胞的本底激活(除抑制CD40L诱导的信号外)。
实施例23.小鼠皮肤移植排斥模型
雄性Balb/c小鼠,6周龄,购自上海市计划生育科学研究所实验动物经营部。饲养环境:SPF;生产许可证:SCXK(沪)2018-0006;Balb/c小鼠合格证编号:
20180006023393。
雌性人CD40转基因小鼠,6-7周龄,购自百奥赛图江苏基因生物技术有限公司。饲养环境:SPF;生产许可证:SCXK(苏)-2016-0004;人CD40转基因小鼠合格证编号:320726200100179778。
动物到达后适应性饲养7天,随机分组。实验第-2天,小鼠腹腔注射CD40拮抗型抗体、抗CD40-ADC或糖皮质激素。实验第0天,4%水合氯醛麻醉供体Balb/c小鼠和C57BL6/J小鼠,取下供体小鼠尾巴,分离整圈长度1cm尾部皮肤。受体小鼠背部去毛,沿皮肤层切口,在保留背部脂肪和结缔组织的情况下去掉等面积的皮肤,将供体皮肤放置于受体小鼠切口处,使用胶水缝合边缘皮肤,放入笼中恢复。具体实验流程如图13A所示。
通过表27的给药方案给药小鼠,小鼠恢复7天后,每天观察小鼠皮肤生存情况,根据排斥评分记录排斥分数。评分体系如下,3:皮肤没有出现红色,光滑;2:部分皮肤发红,失去光泽,干燥;1:皮肤大部分变红,没有条纹,缩水;0:移植排斥导致80%的皮肤坏死。
表27.小鼠皮肤移植排斥模型给药方案1
结果如表28-29、图13B-图13C所示,9E6-L4H2和ADC-1均显著改善小鼠皮肤移植物评分,并延长皮肤移植物的存活时间。相比CD40拮抗剂单抗9E6-L4H2,ADC-1的抗移植排斥活性更优。
表28.抗CD40-ADC的皮肤移植物生存率(%)
表29.抗CD40-ADC的皮肤移植物评分
此外,如图13D-图13E所示,ADC-1具有略优于高剂量地塞米松的抗移植排斥活性,和优于CD40拮抗剂单抗的抗移植排斥活性。
表30.抗CD40-ADC和高剂量地塞米松的皮肤移植物生存率(%)
表31.抗CD40-ADC和高剂量地塞米松的皮肤移植物评分
此外,通过表32的给药方案给药小鼠,小鼠恢复7天后,用上述同样的方法每天观察小鼠皮肤生存情况,根据排斥评分记录排斥分数。
表32.小鼠皮肤移植排斥模型给药方案2
结果如图14A-图14B所示,ADC-1和ADC-2具有相似的抗移植排斥活性,均显著优于CD40拮抗剂单抗9E6-L4H2、单抗联用糖皮质激素,并且略优于高剂量地塞米松。
表33.抗CD40-ADC的皮肤移植物生存率(%)
表34.抗CD40-ADC的皮肤移植物评分
实施例24.抗CD40-ADC的副作用评价
在实施例23所述的体内药效实验最后一天,向小鼠腹腔注射1mpk ACTH,30分钟后收集小鼠外周血和血浆用于血常规和激素副作用相关指标检测。其中内源皮质酮用LC-MS定量,P1NP用抗鼠P1NP ELISA试剂盒(Novusbio,NBP2-76466)检测。
结果如表35所示,高剂量地塞米松表现出明显的毒副作用:降低体重、降低免疫细胞数目、抑制内源HPA轴。ADC-1剂量依赖地降低小鼠外周血免疫细胞数目(可能由于抗CD40-ADC将激素富集在CD40阳性细胞中),但对内源皮质酮释放和骨生成指标P1NP无影响,安全性优于同剂量对照分子ref-ADC。
表35.抗CD40-ADC的副作用
此外,如表36所示,10mg/kg ADC-1和ADC-2的安全性良好,相比高剂量地塞米松均无激素相关副作用。
表36.抗CD40-ADC的副作用
虽然以上描述了本公开的具体实施方案,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,这些仅是举例说明,在不背离本公开的原理和实质的前提下,可以对这些实施方案做出多种变更或修改。
Claims (22)
- 一种抗体-药物偶联物,其包含抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL),其中:a-1)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13-14中任一所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12中任一所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3;或a-2)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示VH中的HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示VL中的LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3;其中,所述CDR是根据Kabat、IMGT、Chothia、AbM或Contact编号系统定义的。
- 根据权利要求1所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含:重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4和5所示的序列;和轻链LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:6、7和19所示的序列;优选地,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含:重链HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,其分别包含如SEQ ID NO:3、4和5所示的序列;轻链LCDR1,其包含如SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列;轻链LCDR2,其包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列;和轻链LCDR3,其包含如SEQ ID NO:8和15-18中任一所示的序列。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体选自重组抗体、兔源抗体、嵌合抗体或人源化抗体。
- 根据权利要求3所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中:所述人源化抗体或其抗原结合片段的重链框架区源自IGHV2-26*01、IGHV4-30-4*02、IGHV4-4*08、和IGHJ1*01;和/或,轻链框架区源自IGkV1-13*02、IGkV1-9*01、IGkV1-6*01、和IGKJ4*01;优选地,重链框架区的FR1-FR3源自IGHV2-26*01、IGHV4-30-4*02、和IGHV4-4*08,重链框架区的FR4源自IGHJ1*01;轻链框架区的FR1-FR3源自IGkV1-13*02、IGkV1-9*01、和IGkV1-6*01,轻链框架区的FR4源自IGKJ4*01。
- 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段包含VH和VL,其中:A-1)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:13所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基 酸序列,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12中任一所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列;A-2)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:14所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:9-12中任一所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列;或A-3)所述VH包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列,所述VL包含如SEQ ID NO:2所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列。
- 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段进一步含有IgG抗体的Fc区;优选地,所述IgG抗体为IgG1、IgG2或IgG4抗体;更优选地,所述Fc区为IgG1的Fc区,其含有选自297A、234A、235A、252Y、254T、和256E中任一个或多个突变,所述突变根据EU编号规则编号。
- 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体的抗原结合片段为scFv、Fv、Fab或Fab’片段。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述抗CD40抗体包含重链和轻链,其中:所述重链包含如SEQ ID NO:20或22所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列;所述轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:21所示或与之具有至少90%同一性的氨基酸序列。
- 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其为式(I)所示结构的抗体-药物偶联物:
Ab-(L-D)k (I);其中,Ab为权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段;D为具有免疫抑制活性的效应分子,优选为糖皮质激素受体激动剂、钙调磷酸酶抑制剂、或雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)激酶抑制剂;L为将Ab共价连接于D的连接子,k为1-20的整数或小数。 - 根据权利要求9所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,D如下式所示:
其中,R1a各自独立地选自氢、烷基和烷氧基,所述的烷基和烷氧基任选被选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、氘、氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基和羟烷基中的一个或多个取代基所取代,优选R1a各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;环A选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;环B选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;X1选自-(CR5aR5b)m-、任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基;R5a、R5b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、硝基、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、烷氧基、烷硫基、烯基和炔基;环C、环D各自独立地选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基、杂芳基、稠环芳基或稠杂芳基,且环C、环D中至少有一个选自任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的稠环芳基或稠杂芳基;X2选自-(CR6aR6b)n-、任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的芳基或杂芳基、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)(O)-、-NR6c-、-CH2S-、-CH2O-、-NHCR6dR6e-、-CR6f=CR6g-、-C≡C-或者X不存在;R6a、R6b各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、硝基、氰基或任选被一个或多个取代基Q1所取代的下述基团:烷基、-NRiRj、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、烷氧基、烷硫基、烯基和炔基,或者R6a、R6b与其相邻的碳原子一起形成3元至10元环烷基;R6c、R6d、R6e、R6f、R6g各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;R1各自独立地选自氢、烷基或烷氧基,其中所述的烷基和烷氧基各自独立地任选被选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、氘、氨基、氰基、硝基、羟基和羟烷基中的一个或多个取代基所取代,优选R1各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基,更优选氢;R2各自独立地选自-CH2OH、-CH2SH、-CH2Cl、-SCH2Cl、-SCH2F、-SCH2CF3、-OH、-OCH2CN、-OCH2Cl、-OCH2F、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-SCH2CN、R2a各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;R2b各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷氧基;R2c各自独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、-CH2OH或C1-C6烷氧基;R2d和R2e各自独立地选自氢或C1-C6烷基;R3各自独立地选自氢或卤素;R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素或羟基,优选R4各自独立地选自氢;m、n各自独立地选自1至6的整数;取代基团Q1各自独立地选自C1-C6烷基、卤素、氘、羟基、巯基、-NRiRj、氧代、硫代、-C(O)Rk、-C(O)ORk、-S(O)Rk、-S(O)ORk、-S(O)(O)Rk、-S(O)(O)ORk、-C(S)Rk、硝基、氰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、3至10元环烷基、3至10元杂环基、6至10元芳基、5至10元杂芳基、8至12元稠环芳基和5至12元稠杂芳基,优选Q1各自独立地选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氘、氧代、硫代、氰基、氨基、羧基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或卤代C1-C6烷氧基;Ri、Rj各自独立地选自氢原子、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基;Rk各自独立地选自氢原子、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、-NRiRj,其中所述的烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基任选被选自C1-C6烷基、卤素、羟基、巯基、-NRiRj、氧代、硫代、羧基、硝基、氰基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、3至10元环烷基、3至10元杂环基、6至10元芳基和5至10元杂芳基中的一个或多个取代基所取代,优选Rk各自独立地选自氢原子、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、羟基、-NRiRj;条件是当R5a为氢或烷基时,R5b不为氢或烷基;优选地,D为如下结构所示:
- 根据权利要求10所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中连接子包含氨基酸单元,所述氨基酸单元优选包含由2至7个选自苯丙氨酸、甘氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸、瓜氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、高赖氨酸、n-甲基-缬氨酸、的氨基酸构成的肽残基,q为1-6的整数,更优选缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸(Ala-Phe);苯丙氨酸-赖氨酸(Phe-Lys)、苯丙氨酸-高赖氨酸(Phe-Homolys)、n-甲基-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Me-Val-Cit)、丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Ala-Ala)、甘氨酸-谷氨酸(Gly-Glu)、谷氨酸-丙氨酸-丙氨酸(Glu-Ala-Ala)和甘氨酸-赖氨酸(Gly-Lys)、甘氨酸-缬氨酸-瓜氨酸(Glv-Val-Cit)和甘氨酸-甘氨酸-甘氨酸(Gly-Gly-Gly)、最优选甘氨酸-谷氨酸(Gly-Glu);优选地,所述抗体-药物偶联物,其中连接子包含拉伸单元,优选所述拉伸单元选自其中p各自独立地选自1、2、3、4、5或6;优选地,所述连接子为
- 根据权利要求10-11任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其为如下结构所示:
其中,p为1-6的整数,k为1-10的整数或小数;优选地,所述抗体-药物偶联物如下结构所示:
其中,k为1-10的整数或小数,优选为4±0.4。 - 根据权利要求9所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中,所述D为糖皮质激素,优选包含如下所示结构:
- 根据权利要求13所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中L-D是由下式表示的化学部分:-Str-Pep-Sp-D,其中,Str是与Ab共价连接的伸展基单元;Sp为间隔单元,优选为-NHCH2-、-NHCH2CH2-、-NHCH2CH2CH2-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-、-NHCH2CH2-O-CH2-、-NH(CH2)3-C(O)-、-NHCH2-O-CH2-C(O)-、-NH(CH2)2-O-CH2-C(O)-、Pep选自氨基酸单元、二硫化物部分、磺酰胺部分或以下非肽化学部分:其中,W是-NH-亚杂环烷基-或杂环烷基;Y是亚杂芳基、亚芳基、-C(O)C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基、C1-6亚烷基或-C1-6亚烷基-NH-;每个R16独立选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、-(C1-6亚烷基)NHC(NH)NH2或-(C1-6亚烷基)NHC(O)NH2;R17和R18各自独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基,或R17和R18一起可形成C3-6环烷基;R19和R20各自独立选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基、(C1-6烷基)OCH2-,或R19和R20一起可形成C3-6环烷基环。
- 根据权利要求14所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中Str选自下式表示的化学部分:其中R21选自-W1-C(O)-、-C(O)-W1-C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1CH2C(O)-、(CH2CH2O)p1CH2CH2C(O)-,其中W1选自C1-6亚烷基、C1-6亚烷基-环烷基或1至8个原子的直链杂烷基,所述杂烷基包含1至3个选自N、O或S的杂原子,其中所述烷基、环烷基和直链杂烷基各自独立地任选被一个或多个选自卤素、氘、羟基、氰基、氨基、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基、氘代C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基和C3-6环烷基的基团所取代;L1选自-NR22(CH2CH2O)p1CH2CH2C(O)-、-NR22(CH2CH2O)p1CH2C(O)-、-S(CH2)p1C(O)-、-(CH2)p1C(O)-或单键,优选单键;p1为1至20的整数,R22选自氢原子、C1-6烷基、卤代C1-6烷基或氘代C1-6烷基;优选地,其中R21选自C1-6亚烷基C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2CH2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)2CH2CH2C(O)-、-(CH2-CH2O)3C(O)-和-(CH2-CH2O)4C(O)-。
- 根据权利要求14-15中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中Pep选自缬氨酸-瓜氨酸、丙氨酸-丙氨酸-天冬酰胺、甘氨酸-甘氨酸-赖氨酸、缬氨酸-赖氨酸(Val-lys)、缬氨酸-丙氨酸、缬氨酸-苯丙氨酸或甘氨酸-甘氨酸-苯丙氨酸-甘氨酸。
- 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗体-药物偶联物中连接子L包含:-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)6-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)8-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Val-Cit、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(CH2)5-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)6-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)8-Ala-Ala-Asn、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)2-CH2CH2C(O)-Val-lys、-CH2C(O)NH-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-磺酰胺或Mal-(PEG)4-三唑-(PEG)3-二硫化物。
- 根据权利要求13-17中任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,其为如下结构所示:
其中k为1至10的整数或小数,p1选自2、4、6或8,p3、p4各自独立地选自0、1或2;优选地,所述抗体-药物偶联物如下结构所示:
其中,k为1-10的整数或小数,优选为4±0.4。 - 一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-18任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物,以及,一种或多种可药用的赋形剂。
- 一种制备如权利要求1-18任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物的方法,其包括如下步骤:将所述抗CD40抗体或其抗原结合片段与药物偶联反应,得到所述抗体-药物偶联物;可选地,所述方法还包括:纯化所述抗体-药物偶联物。
- 权利要求1-18任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或权利要求19所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗或缓解自身免疫性疾病、移植物抗宿主病和/或移植排斥反应。
- 一种预防或治疗移植排斥反应、移植物抗宿主病和/或自身免疫性疾病的方法,其包括向有需要的受试者施用预防或治疗有效量的权利要求1-18任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或权利要求19所述的药物组合物;优选地,所述受试者是进行器官或组织移植后的受试者。
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CN103209996A (zh) * | 2010-11-15 | 2013-07-17 | 诺瓦提斯公司 | 抗CD40抗体的沉默的Fc变体 |
CN103635488A (zh) * | 2011-04-29 | 2014-03-12 | 埃派斯进有限公司 | 抗-cd40抗体及其使用方法 |
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CN111465399A (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-07-28 | 艾伯维公司 | 抗cd40抗体药物结合物 |
WO2020006347A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Anti-cd40 antibodies for use in treating autoimmune disease |
WO2022166779A1 (zh) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-11 | 上海森辉医药有限公司 | 糖皮质激素受体激动剂的药物偶联物及其在医药上的应用 |
WO2023274201A1 (zh) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | 江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司 | 抗cd40抗体、其抗原结合片段及医药用途 |
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