WO2024056340A1

WO2024056340A1 - Composite pane with a heatable reflective layer applied in regions

Info

Publication number: WO2024056340A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/073251
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas GOMER; Sebastian ARENDT; Jan Hagen; Siyamak MEMAR JAVID
Original assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date: 2022-09-15
Filing date: 2023-08-24
Publication date: 2024-03-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (100) at least comprising an outer pane (1) with an outer surface (I) and an inner surface (II), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), an inner pane (2) with an outer surface (III) and an inner surface (IV), a masking layer (4), an adhesive layer (5), a glass pane (6) with an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI) and a thickness of 20 µm to 500 µm, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), the masking layer (4) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2) in a region of the composite pane (100), the adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner pane (2) and the glass pane (6), a reflective layer (7) for reflecting light is arranged on the outer surface (V) of the glass pane (6) and/or on the inner surface (VI) of the glass pane (6), and wherein the glass pane (6) is arranged in a region of the composite pane (100) lying entirely in the region in which the masking layer (4) is arranged when looking through the composite pane (100) in a perpendicular direction, and wherein an electrically conductive coating (8, 7E) is arranged on the outer surface (V) of the glass pane (6) that is connected via connections to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current. The invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane (100) and the use thereof, as well as a projection assembly (101) comprising a composite pane (100).

Description

Composite pane with heatable reflective layer applied in certain areas

The invention relates to a composite pane with a heatable reflection layer applied in certain areas, a method for its production and its use, and a projection arrangement.

HMIs (Human Machine Interfaces), i.e. human-machine interfaces and displays, are essential and important topics and functionalities in the automotive sector. The size and number of displays and display systems, especially in the cockpit of motor vehicles, is increasing more and more. For example, the display and playback of navigation, security and telecommunications information, as well as additional infotainment, is now an almost essential standard. There are efforts to replace the cluster displays, at least in part, with space-saving, energy-efficient solutions and thereby also increase design freedom.

In addition to the well-known cluster displays that are placed in the interior of motor vehicles, head-up displays (HLIDs) are now increasingly being used. Using a projector, typically in the area of the dashboard in vehicles, images are projected onto the windshield, reflected there and perceived by the driver as a virtual image behind the windshield. Important information can be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation or warning information, which the driver can perceive without having to take his eyes off the road. Head-up displays can make a significant contribution to increasing road safety.

HUD projection arrangements consisting of a projector and windshield with a wedge-shaped thermoplastic intermediate layer and/or wedge-shaped panes are often used. A wedge angle is provided to avoid double vision. The radiation from HUD projectors is typically essentially s-polarized, due to the better reflection characteristics of the windshield compared to p-polarization. However, if the viewer wears polarization-selective sunglasses that only transmit p-polarized light, the HUD image will at best be perceived as weakened. A solution to this problem is the use of projection arrays that use p-polarized light. DE102014220189A1 discloses a head-up display projection arrangement that is operated with p-polarized radiation, wherein the Windshield has a reflective structure that reflects p-polarized radiation towards the viewer. US20040135742A1 also discloses a head-up display projection arrangement using p-polarized radiation that has a reflective structure.

Head-up displays often have the problem that the area of the windshield that is intended to reflect the light projected by the projector must have a high level of transparency, usually at least 70%. The reflected light from the projector is therefore superimposed by light from the external environment, which, depending on the lighting conditions, can lead to a reduction in the contrast of the virtual image and thus to poorer visual perceptibility for the driver. Sufficient visual perceptibility of particularly safety-relevant information such as lane guidance, speed display or engine speed should be guaranteed in all weather and lighting conditions. When designing a display based on head-up display technology, the projector must therefore have a correspondingly high output so that the projected image, especially when exposed to sunlight, has sufficient brightness and can be easily seen by the viewer . This requires a certain size of the projector and is associated with a corresponding power consumption.

It would be desirable, in addition or as an alternative to the previously known and used HUDs, to have a projection arrangement based on head-up display technology in which no unwanted secondary images occur and whose arrangement is easy to see with sufficient brightness and contrast of the displayed image information is relatively easy to accomplish. To achieve this, it is necessary to increase the contrast in the reflection area of the windshield. The contrast increase can be achieved, for example, by the background of the reflection area being largely or completely opaque. However, such solutions require that a reflection layer is only applied in a locally limited area of the windshield.

The application of metallic, reflective coatings to glass panes is usually carried out using sputtering, in particular magnetron sputtering. During sputtering, atoms are released from a target, for example a metallic material, by bombarding them with ions. Using physical vapor deposition, the glass pane containing the atoms released from the target is created in an evacuated chamber coated. Guided by electric fields, the atoms move through the chamber towards the glass pane. So they move from the cathode, on which the target is arranged, towards the anode. Due to the arrangement of the glass pane between the cathode and anode, layers form on the glass pane. In the case of magnetron sputtering, an additional magnetic field is placed behind the cathode, which leads to faster layer growth and a denser, i.e. less porous, layer. Methods in which sputtering is used to coat glass panes are known, for example, from WO 9900528A1, DE 10126868C1 and WO 2017198363A1.

Magnetron sputtering is also suitable for coating glass panes because, unlike many other coating technologies, it can also be used when the glass pane is curved, as is the case, for example, with panes intended for the automotive sector. A disadvantage of sputtering, however, is that without special precautions, only certain surface areas cannot be selectively coated, but only the entire surface. The selective coating of only certain surface areas can be achieved, for example, by complex masking of the areas that should not be coated.

Cold gas spraying is also suitable as a method for coating glass panes and is a coating method well known to those skilled in the art, in which a metallic powder is applied to a carrier at very high speed. Methods for coating using cold gas spraying are known, for example, from WO 2010/003396 A1, EP 3 845 685 A1 and EP 2 902 530 A1.

Another major challenge when driving is heating the windshield in order to prevent the windshield from icing or fogging up, which impairs visibility. This visual obstruction then also affects the pane as a projection surface for displays based on HUD technology. As standard, the window is heated using heated air, which is blown onto the window via inlets. This type of heating is summarized under the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) method. In addition to the enormous energy consumption, the inlets through which the hot air is transported and blown onto the pane require a lot of space. Furthermore, the outlet nozzles must be positioned in a certain geometric relationship to the disc, which in turn significantly limits the freedom of design and construction. Alternatively, the pane itself can have an electrical heating function. From DE 103 52 464 A1, for example, a laminated glass pane is known in which electrically heatable wires are inserted between two panes of glass. The specific heating output can be adjusted by the ohmic resistance of the wires. Due to design and safety aspects, the number and diameter of wires must be kept as small as possible. The wires must be visually invisible or barely noticeable in daylight and at night under headlights.

Transparent electrically conductive coatings, particularly those based on silver, are also known. Such electrically conductive coatings can be used as coatings with reflective properties for the infrared range or as heatable coatings. WO 03/024155 A2, for example, discloses an electrically conductive coating with two silver layers. Such coatings generally have flat resistances in the range of 3 ohms/square.

A problem with electrically conductive coatings is their often high surface resistance, which requires a high operating voltage, which is in any case higher than the usual on-board voltages of vehicles, in any case with large dimensions of the window to be heated or with long current paths. WO 2013/104439 A1 and EP 2803246 B1 disclose an electrically conductive coating for heating a pane, which consists of different layers. At least one of these layers contains a high-index material with a refractive index that is greater than or equal to 2.1. The surface resistance of the electrically conductive coating can thereby be significantly reduced and is therefore preferably less than 1 ohm/square.

In the publication “Glass meets flexibility: Challenges in manufacturing of thin films on flexible glass” by M. Junghähnel et al. Published in Vacuum in Research and Practice, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 35-39, the production of thin films on flexible glass is discussed.

DE 10 2009 020824 A1 discloses a virtual image system comprising a windshield with a matt black material on at least one of the windshield surfaces and an image source, the image source emitting image rays that are reflected on the windshield and provide an image. WO 2022/161894 A1 describes a vehicle window for a head-up display comprising at least one transparent pane and at least one masking strip in the edge region of the pane, the masking strip being arranged on or in a carrier film, the carrier film being connected to the transparent pane and a light-directing device or an image display device is arranged in the area of the first masking strip on the vehicle interior side of the masking strip.

The present invention is based on the object of providing an improved composite window with a reflective layer applied in certain areas, which can be combined with a head-up display and which can be protected from fogging and icing and the associated obstruction of visibility, especially in the area of the reflection layer. In particular, the composite pane should be easy to manufacture.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a composite pane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims and the subordinate claims.

The composite pane according to the invention comprises an outer pane, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, a masking layer, an inner pane, an adhesive layer and a glass pane. The thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and the adhesive layer is arranged between the inner pane and the glass pane. According to the invention, the masking layer is arranged in an area of the composite pane and the glass pane is arranged in an area of the composite pane which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged. Furthermore, according to the invention, an electrically conductive coating is arranged on the outside surface of the glass pane, which is connected to lines, in particular bus conductors, for connection to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current.

The composite pane is intended to separate the interior of a vehicle window opening from the outside environment. For the purposes of the invention, the inner pane refers to the pane of the composite pane facing the vehicle interior. The outer pane refers to the pane facing the external environment. The composite pane has in particular an upper edge and a lower edge, as well as two side edges running between them. The top edge refers to the edge that is intended to point upwards in the installed position. The lower edge refers to the edge that is intended to point downwards in the installed position. In the case of a windshield, the top edge is often referred to as the roof edge and the bottom edge as the engine edge.

The outer pane, the inner pane and the glass pane each have an outside surface and an interior surface and a circumferential side edge running between them. For the purposes of the invention, the outside surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position. For the purposes of the invention, the interior-side surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outside surface of the inner pane face each other and are connected to one another by the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

The outside surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I. The interior surface of the outer pane is referred to as side II. The outside surface of the inner pane is referred to as side III. The interior surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV. The outside surface of the glass pane is called side V. The interior surface of the glass pane is referred to as side VI.

It goes without saying that the inner pane is arranged between the outer pane and the glass pane. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outside surface of the inner pane face each other. The interior surface of the inner pane and the outside surface of the glass pane face each other.

According to the invention, the glass pane has a thickness of 20 pm (micrometers) to 500 pm. The glass pane is therefore a pane made of ultra-thin glass. Such a pane made of ultra-thin glass is flexible and can be adapted to the curve of a pane, as is common in the vehicle sector. In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the glass pane has a thickness of 30 pm to 300 pm, preferably from 50 pm or 100 pm to 250 pm, for example up to 150 pm, for example 70 pm.

In addition, according to the invention, a reflection layer for reflecting light is arranged on the outside surface of the glass pane and/or on the interior surface of the glass pane.

When the composite window is installed in a vehicle, the reflection layer is at a smaller distance from the vehicle interior than the masking layer.

Because the glass pane is arranged in an area of the composite pane which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged, the reflection layer applied to the glass pane is also arranged in an area which is visible in a vertical view through the composite pane lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged. The reflection layer is thus arranged in a vertical view through the composite pane or in an orthogonal projection through the composite pane in coverage or overlap with the masking layer. The reflection layer therefore does not have a section that does not overlap the masking layer, i.e. the reflection layer is only formed where it is located in front of the masking layer in view of the inside of the composite pane.

As described above, the reflection layer is a reflection layer for reflecting light. The reflection layer is preferably opaque or partially translucent, which in the sense of the invention means that it has an average transmission (according to ISO 9050:2003) in the visible spectral range of preferably at most 80%, particularly preferably at most 50% and in particular less than 10%. The reflection layer preferably reflects at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 50%, very particularly preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of the light striking the reflection layer in the spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm. This size is also referred to as the degree of reflectance. The reflection layer preferably reflects p-polarized and s-polarized light in equal proportions, but it can also reflect p-polarized light and s-polarized light to different degrees. The light reflected by the reflection layer is preferably visible light, i.e. light in a wavelength range of approximately 380 nm to 780 nm. The reflection layer preferably has a high and uniform degree of reflection (over different angles of incidence) compared to p-polarized and/or s-polarized radiation so that a high-intensity and color-neutral image representation is guaranteed.

The reflectance describes the proportion of the total irradiated radiation in the specified spectral range that is reflected. The reflectance always refers to a specific spectral range, for example the visible spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm or, for example, the ultraviolet range. It is given in % (based on 100% irradiated radiation) or as a unitless number from 0 to 1 (normalized to the irradiated radiation). Plotted depending on the wavelength, it forms the reflection spectrum. The information on the degree of reflection or the reflection spectrum refers to a reflection measurement with a light source that emits uniformly in the spectral range under consideration with a standardized radiation intensity of 100%.

The term “reflection level” is used in the sense of the standard DIN EN 410 - 2011-04. The reflectance always refers to the layer-side reflectance, which is measured when the substrate provided with the coated areas, here the glass pane arranged on the inner pane, faces the light source and the detector. Transparent elements, for example the glass pane, can be placed in between, which separate the coated substrate from the light source and the detector.

The reflectance is measured at an angle of incidence of 8° (unless otherwise stated) to the coated surface normal (surface of the inner pane provided with the coating). The spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm was used to characterize the reflection properties.

In another preferred embodiment, the reflection layer on the glass pane can preferably reflect p-polarized light.

The indication of the direction of polarization refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the composite pane. P-polarized radiation refers to radiation whose... electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence. S-polarized radiation refers to radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence. The plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the composite pane in the geometric center of the irradiated area.

In other words, the polarization, in particular the proportion of p- and s-polarized radiation, is determined at a point in the area irradiated by the image display device, preferably in the geometric center of the irradiated area. Since composite panes can be curved (for example if they are designed as a windshield), which has an impact on the plane of incidence of the image display device radiation, slightly different polarization components can occur in the remaining areas, which is unavoidable for physical reasons.

In a preferred embodiment, the reflection layer is an electrically conductive reflection layer, which at the same time forms the electrically conductive coating on the outside surface of the glass pane, which is intended to be used as a heating layer. In other words, this layer can take on and combine both functions, namely that of reflecting the light from a projector for the display function, as well as the heating function to prevent visibility obstruction due to fogging and icing of the window. This has the advantage that an additional layer can be dispensed with, which makes the production of the composite pane easier and more cost-effective.

In one embodiment of the invention, the reflection layer is a metallic layer, ie a layer that contains or consists of at least one metal, a metal alloy or a transparent conductive metal oxide, in particular indium tin oxide (ITO). The reflection layer preferably contains at least one metal selected from a group consisting of titanium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, chromium molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, iron, manganese, zirconium, cerium, scandium yttrium, ruthenium nickel, palladium, platinum, aluminum, magnesium , tin, indium silver, copper or gold and/or mixtures thereof or consists of them. For example, aluminum, titanium and/or nickel can have high reflectance for p-polarized or s-polarized light. At the same time or as an independent layer, the electrically conductive layer can equally comprise or consist of a coating made of metal, a metal alloy or a transparent conductive metal oxide or mixtures thereof. The reflection layer preferably has a thickness of 10 nm (nanometers) to 150 pm (micrometers), preferably up to 100 pm, particularly preferably from 50 nm to 50 pm, in particular from 100 nm to 5 pm.

Methods for measuring the thickness of the reflection layer are known to those skilled in the art. The thickness of the reflection layer can be determined using common methods for determining the layer thickness of thin films, for example spectroscopic reflectrometry, confocal microscopy, white light interferometry or ellipsometry. These methods enable non-destructive measurement, with corresponding measuring devices being commercially available. Ellipsometers are commercially available, for example, from Sentech. White light interferometry, profilometry, for example confocal profilometry, or ellipsometry are preferably used.

In a special embodiment of the invention, the reflection layer is a coating containing a thin layer stack, i.e. a layer sequence of thin individual layers. This thin-film stack contains one or more electrically conductive layers based on nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum. The electrically conductive layer based on nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum gives the reflective layer basic reflective properties and also an IR-reflecting effect and electrical conductivity. The electrically conductive layer is based on nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum. The conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of aluminum, most preferably at least 99.9% by weight of nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum. The layer based on aluminum, chromium, nickel and/or titanium can have dopings, for example palladium, gold, copper or silver. Materials based on aluminum, chromium, nickel and/or titanium are particularly suitable for reflecting light, particularly preferably p-polarized light. They are also very chemically resistant. The use of nickel, chromium, titanium and/or aluminum in metallic coatings has proven to be particularly beneficial in reflecting light. Aluminum, chrome, nickel and/or titanium are significantly cheaper compared to many other metals such as gold or silver. The individual layers of the thin-film stack preferably have a thickness of 10 nm to 1 pm. The thin-film stack preferably has 2 to 20 individual layers and in particular 5 to 10 individual layers. In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane, the reflection layer has at least one electrically conductive coating with a surface resistance of less than 3 ohms/square, preferably less than 1 ohm/square.

The surface resistance of the electrically conductive coating can be determined using methods known to those skilled in the art, for example using the Van der Pauw measuring method or the four-point method. Suitable measuring devices are commercially available.

In addition, in another embodiment, an electrically conductive coating can be arranged on the outside of the inner pane in some areas or over the entire surface and used as a heating layer.

As described above, in the composite pane according to the invention, a masking layer is arranged in one of the areas of the composite pane. Preferably, the masking layer is arranged in an edge region of the composite pane, which typically adjoins the pane edge of the pane. The great advantage of this arrangement arises when the composite pane is used in a vehicle as a windshield, since the masking layer, when arranged in an edge area, lies outside the driver's main viewing area.

The masking layer is preferably arranged at least along the lower edge and adjacent to the lower edge. This results in a top view of the composite pane as a rectangular opaque strip that is arranged along the lower edge.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the masking layer is designed in a frame-shaped circumferential manner. In a section in which the glass pane and thus also the reflection layer applied thereon is arranged to overlap the masking layer, the frame-shaped masking layer is preferably provided with a widening, that is to say has a larger width (dimension perpendicular to the extension) than in other sections. In this way, the masking layer can be suitably adapted to the dimensions of the glass pane with the reflective layer applied thereon. In one embodiment, the masking layer is designed to be frame-shaped all around and has a greater width, in particular in a section that overlaps the glass pane, than in sections different therefrom.

The glass pane with the reflection layer applied thereon preferably has essentially the shape of a rectangle, which extends in an area near the lower edge between the two side edges. Particularly preferably, the edges of the glass pane do not extend to the side edges and the lower edge, but are spaced from them, for example, by 2 cm to 5 cm.

The masking layer in the sense of the invention is a layer that prevents visibility through the composite pane. There is a transmission of at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, in particular at most 0.1%, of the light of the visible spectrum through the masking layer. The masking layer is therefore an opaque masking layer, preferably a black masking layer.

The masking layer is preferably a coating made up of one or more layers. Alternatively, the masking layer can also be a colored area of the thermoplastic intermediate layer. According to a preferred embodiment of the composite pane, the masking layer consists of a single layer. This has the advantage of a particularly simple and cost-effective production of the composite pane, since only a single layer has to be formed for the masking layer.

The masking layer is in particular an opaque cover print made of a dark, preferably black, enamel.

In a preferred embodiment, the masking layer is designed as a first opaque covering print arranged on the interior surface of the outer pane, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the masking layer is designed as a first opaque covering print arranged on the outside surface of the inner pane, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the masking layer is formed as an opaque colored area of the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

In one embodiment, the thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed in one piece and is colored opaque in one area.

A masking layer designed as an opaque colored area of the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be realized by using a thermoplastic intermediate layer composed of an opaque thermoplastic film and a transparent thermoplastic film. The opaque thermoplastic film and transparent thermoplastic film are preferably arranged offset from one another so that both films do not overlap when viewed through the composite pane. The transparent and opaque films are made of the same plastic or preferably contain the same plastic. The materials on the basis of which the opaque film and the transparent film can be formed are those that are also described for the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The opaque film is preferably a colored film, which can have different colors, in particular black.

The composite pane according to the invention can additionally have a second opaque covering pressure arranged on the interior surface of the inner pane, in particular at least in the area in which the glass pane is arranged. Such a covering pressure on the interior surface of the inner pane improves the adhesion properties of the surface compared to an adhesive layer. The second opaque cover print is preferably frame-shaped.

In one embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, a reflection layer for reflecting light is arranged on the interior surface of the glass pane and a protective layer is arranged on this reflection layer.

In a further preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, a reflection layer for reflecting light is arranged both on the interior surface of the glass pane and on the outside surface of the glass pane, and on the reflection layer which is arranged on the interior surface of the glass pane there is a protective layer arranged. There is no reflection layer arranged on the outside surface of the glass pane Protective layer necessary because this reflection layer is connected to the inner pane via the adhesive layer and is therefore protected. Optionally, a protective layer can also be arranged on the reflection layer arranged on the outside surface of the glass pane.

The protective layer is preferably transparent and applied flat, in particular congruently, to the reflection layer. The protective layer is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylates, polyoximes, alkyd resins, polyurethanes or mixtures thereof. The protective layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm to 10 pm and particularly preferably 100 nm to 5 pm.

The protective layer protects the reflection layer from mechanical damage such as scratches. It can also serve to increase the durability of the reflective layer. With the protective layer, fewer metal particles separate over time and the reflective layer of the glass pane retains its shape for longer.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the protective layer is an easy-to-clean layer and/or an “anti-fingerprint” layer. For the purposes of the invention, “easy-to-clean layer” means that dirt in the form of, for example, fingerprints, grease stains and dirt particles on the protective layer can be removed from the protective layer by using a cloth and preferably a microfiber cloth. Grease-dissolving or abrasive cleaning agents and solvents, for example based on alcohols, are therefore largely avoided when cleaning the protective layer. For the purposes of the invention, the term “anti-fingerprint” layer means a layer in which fingerprints that adhere to the protective layer are hardly or not at all visually perceptible. Fingerprints refer in particular to the fatty components of a human finger that remain on a surface when it is touched and can have an unaesthetic effect.

Preferably the adhesive layer is a thermoplastic layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA). Suitable optical clear adhesives, so-called optical clear adhesives (OCA), are known to those skilled in the art.

An adhesive layer designed as a thermoplastic layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or Polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film (connecting film). The thickness of the thermoplastic layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.

The composite pane is preferably bent in one or more directions of space, as is common for motor vehicle windows, with typical radii of curvature in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m. The composite pane can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.

The thermoplastic intermediate layer, via which the outer pane is connected to the inner pane, contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic intermediate layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film (connecting film). The thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film. The thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a film with functional properties, for example a film with acoustically dampening properties.

The outer pane and inner pane preferably contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate , polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.

The outer pane and the inner pane can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the windshield in the main viewing area is greater than 70% (illuminant A). The term total transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows specified by ECE-R 43, Annex 3, § 9.1. The outer pane and the inner pane can independently be non-prestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed. If at least one of the panes is to have a prestress, this can be a thermal or chemical prestress.

The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and can therefore be adapted to the requirements of each individual case. The outer pane and the inner pane preferably have thicknesses of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably of 1 mm to 3 mm, very particularly preferably of 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. For example, the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm and the inner pane has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The outer pane or in particular the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.

The glass pane preferably contains or consists of alumino-silicate glass, borosilicate glass, alumino-borosilicate glass. The glass pane can be toughened, partially toughened or toughened.

In one embodiment of the invention, a HUD element is arranged at least in a viewing area of the composite pane between the inside II of the outer pane and the outside III of the inner pane. In other words, the HUD element also extends at least an area of the composite pane which, when viewed through, has no overlap with an opaque background and has a functional area which has no overlap with the glass pane and the reflection layer arranged thereon. Advantageously, the HUD element and the reflection layer on the glass pane do not have a negative impact on their function and can be used in addition to each other. The HUD element can also be incorporated into the composite pane over the entire surface or locally. The HUD element can be, for example, a hologram, a p-pol coating, a reflective film, a HUD layer or an active display.

A HUD layer preferably comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tin, titanium, copper, chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, zirconium, cerium, yttrium, silver, gold, platinum and palladium, or mixtures thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the HUD layer is a coating containing a thin-film stack, i.e. a layer sequence of thin individual layers. This thin film stack contains one or more electrically conductive layers based on Silver. The electrically conductive layer based on silver gives the reflective coating the basic reflective properties as well as an IR reflective effect and electrical conductivity. The electrically conductive layer is based on silver. The conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of silver, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of silver, most preferably at least 99.9% by weight of silver. The silver layer can have dopants, for example palladium, gold, copper or aluminum. Silver-based materials are particularly suitable for reflecting p-polarized light. The use of silver has proven to be particularly beneficial in reflecting p-polarized light. The coating has a thickness of 5 nm to 50 nm and preferably 8 nm to 25 nm.

If the HUD layer is designed as a coating, it is preferably applied to the inner pane or outer pane by physical vapor deposition (PVD), particularly preferably by cathode sputtering (“sputtering”) and most preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”) . In principle, the coating can also be applied, for example, by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), for example plasma-assisted vapor deposition (PECVD), by vapor deposition or by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The coating is applied to the panes before lamination.

The HUD layer can also be designed as a reflective film that reflects s- and/or p-polarized light. The HUD layer can be a carrier film with a reflective coating or a reflective polymer film. The reflective coating preferably comprises at least one layer based on a metal and/or a dielectric layer sequence with alternating refractive indices. The metal-based layer preferably contains, or consists of, silver and/or aluminum. The dielectric layers can be formed, for example, based on silicon nitride, zinc oxide, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon-zirconium nitride, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide or silicon carbide. The oxides and nitrides mentioned can be deposited stoichiometrically, substoichiometrically or superstoichiometrically. They can have dopants, for example aluminum, zirconium, titanium or boron. The reflective polymer film preferably comprises or consists of dielectric polymer layers. The dielectric polymer layers preferably contain PET. If the HUD layer is designed as a reflective film, it is preferred from 30 pm to 300 pm, particularly preferably from 50 pm to 200 pm and in particular from 100 pm to 150 pm thick.

If it is a coated, reflective film, the CVD or PVD coating processes can also be used for production.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the HUD layer is designed as a reflective film and is arranged within the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The advantage of this arrangement is that the HUD layer does not have to be applied to the outer pane or inner pane using thin-film technology (e.g. CVD and PVD). This results in uses of the HUD layer with further advantageous functions such as a more homogeneous reflection of the p-polarized light on the HUD layer. In addition, the production of the composite pane can be simplified since the HUD layer does not have to be arranged on the outer or inner pane via an additional process before lamination.

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the intermediate layer is formed by a wedge-shaped thermoplastic film, in particular a PVB film. This configuration enables simple and cost-effective use in an additional and supplementary HUD projection arrangement which can be operated with mixed s- and p-polarized light.

The composite pane according to the invention can also comprise one or more additional intermediate layers, in particular functional intermediate layers. An additional intermediate layer can in particular be an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer reflecting infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing UV radiation, an intermediate layer colored at least in sections and/or an intermediate layer tinted at least in sections. If several additional intermediate layers are present, these can also have different functions.

The invention also relates to a projection arrangement comprising at least one composite pane according to the invention and an imaging unit directed onto the reflection layer.

According to the invention, a projection arrangement is therefore at least comprehensive a composite pane, at least comprising an outer pane with an outside surface and an interior-side surface, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, an inner pane with an outside surface and an interior-side surface, a masking layer which is arranged in a region of the composite pane between the outer pane and the inner pane, a Adhesive layer and a glass pane with an outside surface and an inside surface and a thickness of 10 pm to 500 pm, the thermoplastic intermediate layer being arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, the adhesive layer being arranged between the inner pane and the glass pane, on the outside surface a reflection layer for reflecting light is arranged on the glass pane and/or on the interior surface of the glass pane, and wherein the glass pane is arranged in an area of the composite pane which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged is, and wherein an electrically conductive coating is arranged on the outside surface V of the glass pane, which is connected to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current and an imaging unit directed towards the reflection layer.

In particular, the combination of the reflective layer with the one from the perspective of one

In a projection arrangement according to the invention, the masking layer behind the vehicle occupant ensures good visibility of the image in this area, even under external sunlight and when using low-light imaging units. Even under these circumstances, the image produced by the imaging unit appears bright and is clearly visible. This enables a reduction in the performance of the imaging unit and thus reduced energy consumption. Due to the electrically conductive layer provided, which can take on the function of a heating layer, fogging and icing and the resulting obstruction to visibility can be avoided or eliminated.

From the perspective of a vehicle occupant, the reflection layer is arranged spatially in front of the masking layer when viewed through the inner window. The area of the composite pane in which the reflection layer is arranged appears opaque. The The expression “in view through the composite pane” means that one looks through the composite pane, starting from the interior surface of the composite pane. For the purposes of the present invention, “spatially in front” means that the reflection layer is arranged spatially further away from the outside surface of the outer pane than the masking layer. The masking layer is preferably widened at least in the area that overlaps with the reflection layer and in which the composite pane is used to display images. This means that the masking layer in this area, viewed perpendicular to the nearest section of the circumferential edge of the composite pane, has a greater width than in other sections. In this way, the masking layer can be adapted to the dimensions of the reflection layer.

The imaging unit of the projection arrangement emits light and is arranged in the vicinity of the interior surface of the inner pane in such a way that the imaging unit irradiates this surface, with the light being reflected by the reflection layer of the composite pane. The reflection layer preferably reflects at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 50%, very particularly preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of the light incident on the reflection layer in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm and incidence angles of 55° to 80°. This is advantageous in order to achieve the greatest possible brightness of an image emitted by the imaging unit and reflected on the reflection layer.

The imaging unit is used to broadcast an image and can therefore also be referred to as a projector, display device or image display device. For example, a display or another device known to those skilled in the art can also be used as the imaging unit. The imaging unit is preferably a display, particularly preferably an LCD display, LED display, OLED display or electroluminescent display, in particular an LCD display. Displays have a low installation height and are therefore easy to integrate into the dashboard of a vehicle in a space-saving manner. In addition, displays are much more energy efficient to operate compared to other imaging units. The comparatively lower brightness of displays is completely sufficient in the combination according to the invention of the reflection layer and the masking layer behind it. The radiation from the imaging unit can, for example, strike the composite pane in the area of the reflection layer at an angle of incidence of 55° to 80°, preferably of 62° to 77°. The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident vector of the radiation from the image display device and the surface normal at the geometric center of the reflection layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the imaging unit is operated with p-polarized light.

Because the reflection layer is arranged on the outside surface and/or the inside surface of a glass pane with a thickness of 20 pm to 500 pm that is glued to the inside surface of the inner pane, the occurrence of a disturbing ghost image is avoided.

In the case of a projection arrangement with a reflection layer attached to the interior surface of the glass pane, the desired virtual image is generated by reflection on the reflection layer and no ghost image occurs.

In the case of a projection arrangement with a reflection layer applied to the outside surface of the glass pane, the desired virtual image is generated by reflection on the reflection layer and, in addition, a second virtual image, the so-called ghost image or "ghost", is generated by reflection on the inside surface of the glass pane.

In a projection arrangement with a reflection layer attached to the outside surface of the glass pane and a reflection layer attached to the interior surface of the glass pane, a first virtual image is generated by reflection on the reflection layer attached to the outside surface of the glass pane and, in addition, a second virtual image is generated the reflection layer applied to the interior surface of the glass pane. However, with the very small thicknesses provided for the glass pane according to the invention, the spatial offset between the first virtual image and the ghost image or between the first virtual image and the second virtual image is sufficiently small so as not to be disturbingly noticeable. The effect is based on the typical angular visual acuity of the human eye: the thin glass pane according to the invention leads to an offset between the first virtual image and the ghost image or between the first virtual image and the second virtual image, which can no longer be resolved by the human eye. The preferred embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply correspondingly to the projection arrangement according to the invention comprising a composite pane according to the invention and an imaging unit and vice versa.

Also according to the invention is a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention, at least comprising: a) providing a composite of an outer pane with an outside surface and an interior surface, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and an inner pane with an outside surface and an interior surface, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and a masking layer is arranged in an area between the outer pane and the inner pane; b) Providing a glass pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, wherein a reflection layer for reflecting light is arranged on the outside surface of the glass pane and / or on the inside surface of the glass pane, and wherein on the outside surface of the glass pane an electrical conductive coating is arranged, which can be connected via connections, in particular via busbars, to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current; c) connecting the glass pane to the inner pane of the composite via an adhesive layer to form a composite pane, such that the glass pane is arranged in an area of the composite pane which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged.

Steps a) and b) can be done in the order given, simultaneously or in reverse order. Step c) takes place after steps a) and b).

As explained above, the glass pane is arranged in an area of the composite pane which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer is arranged. The external dimensions of the glass pane are therefore smaller than the outer pane and the inner pane of the composite pane. The glass pane can be provided in step b) by clicking on the interior side Surface and / or the outside surface of an uncoated glass pane with the desired dimensions is applied over the entire surface. Advantageously, the reflection layer can be designed at the same time as the electrically conductive coating and thus combine both functions. The manufacturing process can therefore be carried out particularly efficiently. Alternatively, a separate electrically conductive coating can also be formed on the outside surface of the glass pane.

Alternatively, the glass pane can also be provided in step b) by applying a reflective layer and/or over the entire surface of the interior surface and/or the outside surface of an uncoated glass pane whose external dimensions, i.e. the width and length, are larger than desired electrically conductive layer is applied and then a section is cut out of such a coated glass pane, for example by means of a laser cutting process, which has the desired dimensions.

A reflection layer and an electrically conductive coating (layer) can be selectively arranged in an area of the composite pane via the glass pane provided with the reflection layer.

The provision of the glass pane in step b) can additionally include the application of a protective layer to the reflection layer applied to the interior surface and/or the exterior surface. The protective layer is preferably applied to the reflective layer by spraying or spraying, for example with a pressure atomizer.

If the composite pane is to be curved, a curved outer pane and a curved inner pane are used when providing the composite in step a). The glass pane with the reflection layer is flexible due to the small thickness of the glass pane and adapts to the curved inner pane of the composite in step c). This is an advantage of the method according to the invention. In the method according to the invention, the coating with the reflection layer takes place on a flat substrate.

The composite can be provided in step a) using lamination processes familiar to those skilled in the art. When providing the glass pane in step b), the reflection layer and/or the electrically conductive coating can be applied using generally known coating processes, such as magnetron sputtering or cold gas spraying.

The preferred embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply accordingly to methods for producing a composite pane according to the invention.

The composite window according to the invention is preferably used as a vehicle window in means of transport on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield for a head-up display. The composite pane can advantageously have both a conventional head-up display, for example operated with mixed polarized radiation, in the viewing area, and a projection arrangement comprising the glass pane with p-polarized radiation. For example, various cluster displays can be replaced in this way and the space required and design freedom can be optimized, especially in vehicle cockpits.

The invention is explained in more detail below using drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way.

Show it:

1 is a top view of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention,

2 shows a cross section through the embodiment shown in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 is a top view of another embodiment of an inventive

composite pane,

4 shows a cross section through the embodiment shown in FIG. 3,

Figure 5 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a projection arrangement 101 according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention (on its inside IV) and in Fig. 2 the cross section through the composite pane 100 shown in Fig. 1 is shown along the section line XX '. The ones in Figs.

1 and 2 shown composite pane 100 has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S and includes an outer pane 1 with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, an inner pane 2 with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV, a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, a masking layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and a glass pane 6 with an outside surface V and an inside surface VI. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane

2 arranged, the inner pane 2 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the glass pane 6 and the adhesive layer 5 is arranged between the inner pane 2 and the glass pane 6. The outer pane 1, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 and the inner pane 2 are arranged one above the other over the entire surface. The masking layer 4 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 in an area of the composite pane 100. 1 and 2, the masking layer 4 is designed as a first opaque covering print arranged on the interior surface II of the outer pane 1 and is arranged only in an edge region of the composite pane 100 bordering the lower edge U. The glass pane 6 is arranged in an area of the composite pane 100 which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane 100, lies completely in the area in which the masking layer 4 is arranged. The glass pane 6 is therefore smaller in terms of external dimensions than the inner pane 2. The outside surface V of the glass pane 6 is connected to the interior surface IV of the inner pane 2 via the adhesive layer 5. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a reflection layer 7 for reflecting light is arranged on the interior surface VI of the glass pane 6. An electrically conductive coating (layer) is arranged on the outside surface V of the glass pane, which is connected via busbars 11, 11 ', so-called busbars (see FIG. 1) to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current. In this embodiment, the bus bars 11, 11 are aligned essentially parallel to the side edges of the composite pane (100). The bus conductors 11, 11 'are covered towards the interior by the reflection layer 7 and towards the outside by the masking layer 4. The glass pane 6 consists, for example, of alumino-silicate glass and has a thickness between 50 and 250, for example 70 pm, 100 pm or 150 pm. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 contains, for example, PVB and has a thickness of 0.76 mm. The intermediate layer 3 can also be wedge-shaped, for example. The outer pane 1 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 2.1 mm thick. The inner pane 2 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 1.6 mm thick.

The adhesive layer 5 is, for example, an optically clear adhesive.

The reflection layer 7 is, for example, a metallic layer with a thickness of 100 nm and contains, for example, aluminum.

The reflection layer can, for example, also be a transparent, conductive and reflective oxide layer, for example an indium tin oxide layer (ITO).

The electrically conductive layer 8 is applied to the outside surface V of the glass pane 6 and can be, for example, an ITO layer. Transition metal coatings are particularly advantageous because they have good stability, good conductivity and also good reflection properties. The latter is of particular interest for embodiments such as in Figure 4 in which the electrically conductive layer 8 is simultaneously formed as a reflection layer 7 or 7E.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the masking layer 4 extends between the two side edges S of the composite pane 100 and, starting from the lower edge U of the composite pane 100, has a width of, for example, 30 cm.

It is understood that the composite disk 100 may have any suitable geometric shape and/or curvature. Typically, the composite disk 100 is a curved composite disk.

Figure 3 shows a top view of another embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention (on the inside IV) and in Fig. 4 the cross section through the composite pane 100 shown in Figure 3 is shown along the section line YY '. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the busbars 11, 11' are formed parallel to the upper edge O and lower edge U. In the cross section shown in Figure 4 In addition, the reflection layer 7 has an electrically conductive coating 7E on the outside surface V of the glass pane 6. In other words, this coating 7E can simultaneously take on both the heating function and serve as a reflection layer. This is particularly efficient and saves production costs. Optionally, the composite pane (100) can have further functional layers (not shown), such as UV or IR radiation-reflecting layers or thermal protection layers (low-E layers). For example, a heating layer can also be arranged on the outside surface III of the inner pane in some areas or over the entire surface. In the embodiment shown, the intermediate layer 3 is a wedge-shaped intermediate layer 3, for example a PVB, which is available in particular for an additional HUD function in the viewing area, for example with an imaging unit with mixed s- and p-polarized radiation. In a preferred embodiment, the use of a wedge-shaped PVB intermediate layer 3 for the HUD function in combination with the (heatable) reflection layer 7, 7E for the further HUD display function, also called black print display, is the use of a further heating layer on the outside surface III of the inner pane not necessary. This saves production costs and also contributes to an optimized visual appearance of the composite pane 100 in the transparent viewing area D.

5 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a projection arrangement 101 according to the invention. The projection arrangement 101 shown in FIG. 5 comprises a composite pane 100 and an imaging unit 10.

List of reference symbols:

100 composite disc

101 projection arrangement

1 outer pane

2 inner pane

3 thermoplastic interlayer

4 masking layer

5 adhesive layer

6 pane of glass

7 reflective layer

7E electrically conductive reflective layer (reflection and heating)

8 electrically conductive coating (heating layer)

10 imaging unit

11, i rcollector

O Upper edge of the composite pane 100

U lower edge of the composite pane 100

S side edge of the composite pane 100

D viewing area

I outside surface of the outer pane 1

11 interior surface of the outer pane 1

III external surface of the inner pane 2

IV Interior surface of the inner pane 2

V outside surface of the glass pane 6

VI Interior surface of the glass pane 6

X'-X cutting line

Y-Y’ cutting line

Claims

Claims Composite pane (100), in particular for at least one projection arrangement, at least comprehensive

- an outer pane (1) with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II),

- a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3),

- an inner pane (2) with an outside surface (III) and an inside surface (IV),

- a masking layer (4),

- an adhesive layer (5),

- a glass pane (6) with an outside surface (V) and an inside surface (VI) and a thickness of 20 pm to 500 pm, the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) being arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2). is, the masking layer (4) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2) in an area of the composite pane (100), the adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner pane (2) and the glass pane (6), A reflection layer (7) for reflecting light is arranged on the outside surface (V) of the glass pane (6) and/or on the inside surface (VI) of the glass pane (6), and wherein the glass pane (6) is arranged in an area of Composite pane (100) is arranged, which, when viewed vertically through the composite pane (100), lies completely in the area in which the masking layer (4) is arranged, and with an electrically conductive layer on the outside surface (V) of the glass pane (6). Coating (8, 7E) is arranged, which is connected to connections to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1, wherein the glass pane (6) has a thickness of 30 pm to 300 pm, preferably from 50 pm to 250 pm. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reflection layer (7) reflects visible light to at least 10%, preferably to at least 50%, particularly preferably to at least 80% and in particular to at least 90%. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reflection layer (7) is an electrically conductive reflection layer (7E), which at the same time forms the electrically conductive coating (8) on the outside surface (V) of the glass pane (6). . Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reflection layer (7, 7E) and/or the electrically conductive layer (8) has at least one coating made of metal, metal alloy or transparent conductive metal oxides, in particular indium tin oxide (ITO). , titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, chromium molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, chromium, palladium, platinum, aluminum, silver, copper or gold and / or mixtures thereof or consists of them. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reflection layer (7, 7E) has a layer thickness in the range from 10 nm to 150 pm, preferably a layer thickness of up to 100 pm. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electrically conductive coating (8,7E) is connected in an edge region of the glass pane (6) to two bus conductors (11, 11 ') provided for connection to a voltage source, so that A current path for a heating current is formed between the busbars (11, 11 '). Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electrically conductive coating (8, 7E) has a sheet resistance of less than 3 ohms/square, preferably less than 1 ohm/square. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the masking layer (4) is arranged as a first opaque covering print or as a first opaque covering print arranged on the interior surface (II) of the outer pane (1) or on the outside surface (III) of the inner pane (2). an opaque colored area of the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is formed. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the composite pane (100) additionally has a second opaque one arranged on the interior surface (IV) of the inner pane (2), at least in the area in which the glass pane (6) is arranged Covering pressure (9). Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a reflection layer (7, 7E) for reflecting light is arranged on the interior-side surface (VI) of the glass pane (6), and wherein on the reflection layer (7, 7E), which A protective layer (8) is arranged on the interior surface (VI) of the glass pane (6). Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the adhesive layer (5) is a thermoplastic layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA). Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composite pane (100) has at least one HUD between the inside (II) of the outer pane (1) and the outside (III) of the inner pane (2) at least in a viewing area (D). - Element, in particular a HUD layer, and / or a wedge-shaped intermediate layer (3). Projection arrangement (101) at least comprehensive

- a composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13,

- an imaging unit (10) directed at the reflection layer (7). Method for producing a composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, at least comprising a) providing a composite of an outer pane (1) with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and an inner pane (2) with an outside surface (III) and an inside surface (IV), the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) being arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2) and between the outer pane (1) and a masking layer (4) is arranged in one area of the inner pane (2); b) Providing a glass pane (6) with an outside surface (V) and an interior surface (VI), wherein on the outside surface (V) of the glass pane (6) and/or on the interior surface (VI) of the glass pane (6 ) a reflection layer (7) for reflecting light, and an electrically conductive coating (8, /E) is arranged on the outside surface (V); which via connections, in particular via busbars (11, 11 ') can be connected to a voltage source to form a current path for a heating current, c) connecting the glass pane (6) to the inner pane (2) of the composite via an adhesive layer (5) to form a composite pane (100), such that the glass pane (6) is arranged in an area of the composite pane (100) which is vertical

View through the composite pane (100) lies completely in the area in which the masking layer (4) is arranged.