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WO2023181794A1 - Procédé de fixation du dioxyde de carbone et système de fixation du dioxyde de carbone - Google Patents

Procédé de fixation du dioxyde de carbone et système de fixation du dioxyde de carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023181794A1
WO2023181794A1 PCT/JP2023/007085 JP2023007085W WO2023181794A1 WO 2023181794 A1 WO2023181794 A1 WO 2023181794A1 JP 2023007085 W JP2023007085 W JP 2023007085W WO 2023181794 A1 WO2023181794 A1 WO 2023181794A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
seawater
dioxide fixation
electrolysis
ions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/007085
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
友恵 井藤
Original Assignee
住友重機械工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2023181794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023181794A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/18—Carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide fixation method and a carbon dioxide fixation system.
  • the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide fixation method and a carbon dioxide fixation system for fixing carbon dioxide using seawater.
  • methods for recovering carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas include chemical absorption methods in which carbon dioxide is dissolved in an absorption liquid such as monoethanolamine, and physical adsorption methods in which carbon dioxide is adsorbed on an adsorbent that has gas adsorption ability.
  • membrane separation methods using membranes are also known.
  • an ocean-based method that stores carbon dioxide in the ocean and sequesters it from the atmosphere by supplying carbon dioxide to the ocean. Methods related to storage are being considered.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a carbon dioxide fixation system that pumps deep seawater to near the sea surface and causes the pumped seawater to absorb carbon dioxide.
  • Ocean acidification is involved in the growth and reproduction of various marine organisms, and there are concerns about its impact on the ecosystem.
  • a certain amount of carbon dioxide is normally absorbed by the ocean even in the natural environment, but due to ocean acidification, the amount of carbon dioxide that the ocean can absorb is decreasing, causing an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. It can also be.
  • concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, the concentration of carbon dioxide in contact with the ocean surface also increases, so ocean acidification will continue to progress without being resolved. As a result, there is a fear that the two problems of ocean acidification and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations will become more serious at the same time.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide fixation method and a carbon dioxide fixation system that can fix carbon dioxide with high efficiency and at low cost and low energy.
  • the present inventor has found that carbon dioxide fixation can be achieved with high efficiency, low cost, and low energy consumption by using seawater and by performing electrolysis after supplying carbon dioxide to seawater.
  • the present invention was completed by discovering that it is possible to fix carbon dioxide. That is, the present invention provides the following carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention for solving the above problems is a method of fixing carbon dioxide using seawater, which uses an electrolytic section in which a cation exchanger is arranged between electrodes, and a cathode of the electrolytic section. It has the feature that electrolysis is performed after supplying carbon dioxide to the seawater introduced to the side.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention uses seawater as an electrolyte solution and a divalent ion source, thereby significantly reducing the cost and energy required to procure raw materials for divalent ions necessary for carbon dioxide fixation. be able to.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention is based on this knowledge, and uses an electrolytic section in which a cation exchanger is placed between the electrodes to supply carbon dioxide to seawater introduced to the cathode side, thereby removing dissolved carbon dioxide.
  • electrolysis By performing electrolysis after increasing the concentration, carbonate ions increase on the cathode side as the pH increases, improving the carbonate production efficiency, while the pH increases to the point where the magnesium hydroxide production reaction becomes dominant. This makes it possible to suppress the production reaction of magnesium hydroxide. This makes it possible to fix carbon dioxide with high efficiency, low cost, and low energy.
  • one embodiment of the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention is characterized in that an electrolytic solution containing no chloride ions is introduced to the anode side of the electrolytic section.
  • an electrolytic solution containing no chloride ions is introduced to the anode side of the electrolytic section.
  • chlorine gas is generated on the anode side due to chloride ions contained in the seawater.
  • This chlorine gas has a large environmental impact and cannot be directly released into the atmosphere, but must be recovered and detoxified, leading to increased costs for carbon dioxide fixation.
  • seawater is introduced into the cathode side of the electrolytic section in which a cation exchanger is arranged between the electrodes, while an electrolytic solution containing no chloride ions is introduced into the anode side, and electrolysis is performed.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation system of the present invention for solving the above problems is a system for fixing carbon dioxide using seawater, and includes an electrolytic section in which a cation exchanger is arranged between electrodes. Seawater and carbon dioxide are introduced into the cathode side of the electrolytic section, and an electrolytic solution containing no chloride ions is introduced into the anode side of the electrolytic section.
  • Seawater and carbon dioxide are introduced into the cathode side of the electrolytic section, and an electrolytic solution containing no chloride ions is introduced into the anode side of the electrolytic section.
  • seawater introduced into the cathode side of the electrolytic part as an electrolyte solution and a source of divalent ions, it is possible to procure raw materials for divalent ions necessary for fixing carbon dioxide. Such costs and energy can be significantly reduced.
  • the carbonate production reaction progresses as the pH increases on the cathode side during electrolysis, while the generation of chlorine gas, which has a large environmental impact, is prevented on the anode side during electrolysis. Can be suppressed. This makes it possible to fix carbon dioxide with high efficiency, low cost, and low energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a carbon dioxide fixation system in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph showing the relationship between the pH of seawater and the abundance ratio of carbonic substances in seawater. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the content of each composition in a precipitate generated by an inorganic salt production reaction associated with alkalinization of seawater and pH.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing one step (first step) of a carbon dioxide fixation method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing another step (second step) of the carbon dioxide fixation method in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a graph showing results of an example of carbon dioxide fixation treatment using a carbon dioxide fixation method and a carbon dioxide fixation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the source (or source) of carbon dioxide to be fixed is not particularly limited.
  • specific sources of carbon dioxide include gas containing carbon dioxide emitted from various facilities (power generation facilities, factories, general households, etc.) and means of transportation during daily life and industrial activities;
  • Examples include naturally occurring gases containing carbon dioxide, such as volcanic gases and volcanic gases.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation system of the present invention uses seawater to fix carbon dioxide. More specifically, by electrolyzing seawater in which carbon dioxide has been dissolved in advance, carbonate ions are generated. This method promotes carbon dioxide and fixes carbon dioxide by reacting carbonate ions with divalent ions in seawater on the cathode side to convert them into carbonates.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation system of the present invention uses an electrolyte that does not contain chloride ions on the anode side, thereby suppressing the generation of chlorine gas that occurs in general seawater electrolysis. It performs immobilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a carbon dioxide fixation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 in this embodiment includes an electrolysis section 20 into which seawater containing carbon dioxide is introduced and performs electrolysis of the seawater.
  • a seawater introduction section (line L1) that introduces seawater, a carbon dioxide supply section 30 that supplies carbon dioxide, and an electrolytic solution that does not contain chloride ions (hereinafter simply referred to as "electrolytic solution E”) ) is provided with an electrolyte introduction section (line L2) for introducing the electrolyte.
  • electrolytic solution E electrolytic solution that does not contain chloride ions
  • seawater source The supply source of seawater introduced into the electrolysis section 20 (hereinafter referred to as "seawater source”) is not particularly limited.
  • the natural environment may be used as a seawater source, and seawater may be introduced directly from the ocean into the electrolyzer 20, or seawater may be artificially stored temporarily, such as seawater used for ocean storage treatment of carbon dioxide or as ballast water for ships.
  • the seawater that has been removed may be used as a seawater source.
  • the cost of raw material procurement of seawater is mainly the cost of transporting seawater.
  • seawater can be used with minimal transportation costs.
  • the electrolysis section 20 in this embodiment includes a pair of electrodes (electrodes 22a, 22b) and a cation exchanger 23 in a processing tank 21.
  • the inside of the processing tank 21 forms two spaces (spaces 24a and 24b) via the cation exchanger 23.
  • the treatment tank 21 may be of any material or shape as long as it is formed so as to be able to stably store seawater or electrolyte.
  • materials and shapes used in structures known as electrolytic cells and electrodialysis cells may be used.
  • Electrodes 22a and 22b are provided in spaces 24a and 24b, respectively, and are connected using conductive wires. Note that the electrodes 22a, 22b may be provided on or near the surface of the cation exchanger 23, and the electrodes 22a, 22b and the cation exchanger 23 may be treated as an integrated unit.
  • the electrodes 22a and 22b may be of any type as long as they function as an anode or a cathode, and there are no particular limitations on the material and shape. In this embodiment, the following explanation will be given assuming that the electrode 22a functions as an anode and the electrode 22b functions as a cathode.
  • Examples of materials for the electrodes 22a and 22b include carbon and metals (stainless steel, platinum, copper, etc.) that are widely used as electrode materials in the electrochemical field.
  • examples of the shape of the electrodes 22a and 22b include, for example, a flat plate shape, a rod shape, a mesh shape, and the like. Note that when the electrodes 22a and 22b are provided on the surface of the cation exchanger 23 or in the vicinity thereof, it is preferable that they have a shape that can suppress inhibition of mass transfer to the cation exchanger 23. Examples of such a shape include a mesh shape and a thin rod shape such as a wire.
  • the electrodes 22a and 22b is one in which an electrode pattern is created directly on the surface of the cation exchanger 23 by a method such as plating.
  • the shape of the electrode pattern is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the shape can suppress the inhibition of mass transfer to the cation exchanger 23.
  • the power supply means for the DC power supply connected to the pair of electrodes is not particularly limited, but may be one that uses power supply equipment that uses renewable energy such as solar, wind, or wave power, or surplus power from other facilities. It is preferable that This makes it possible to reduce the energy used during electrolysis of seawater in the electrolysis section 20. In particular, by adopting a power supply means that uses renewable energy that does not emit carbon dioxide during power generation, it is also effective in promoting the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the cation exchanger 23 divides the treatment tank 21 into a space 24a (hereinafter also referred to as "anode side") where an anode (electrode 22a) is located and a space 24b (hereinafter also referred to as "anode side") where a cathode (electrode 22b) is located. It is a membrane that can selectively permeate cations to the cathode side (also called the cathode side).
  • the cation exchanger 23 in this embodiment is preferably a membrane that suppresses chloride ions on the cathode side from moving to the anode side and allows hydrogen ions (H + ) on the anode side to move to the cathode side. preferable.
  • the cation exchanger 23 is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of restricting the movement of anions and transmitting at least hydrogen ions, and there are no particular limitations on the specific components or structure. .
  • membranes treated to selectively allow monovalent cations to permeate so-called monovalent ion-selective membranes
  • known membranes that allow the transfer of divalent or higher cations in addition to monovalent cations can be used.
  • the treatment tank 21 has a line L1 as a seawater introduction section that introduces seawater from a seawater source to the cathode side (space 24b) of the electrolytic section 20, and an electrolyte E that is introduced to the anode side (space 24a) of the electrolytic section 20.
  • a line L2 as an electrolyte introduction part is connected.
  • the line L1 that introduces seawater to the cathode side of the electrolysis section 20 is not particularly limited as long as it is connected to the space 24b and has a material and structure that allows stable transfer of seawater. Note that it is preferable to provide a means for preventing contaminants and living organisms in the seawater from entering the treatment tank 21 on the line L1. For example, a filter or a net may be provided on the line L1 to trap impurities and living things in the seawater.
  • the line L2 that introduces the electrolytic solution E to the anode side of the electrolytic section 20 is not particularly limited as long as it is connected to the space 24a and has a material and structure that allows stable transfer of the electrolytic solution E.
  • the electrolytic solution E may be any solution that does not contain chloride ions and satisfies the requirements of having electrical conductivity, and can be prepared by dissolving the electrolyte (excluding substances containing chloride ions) in pure water. For example, using an existing electrolyte solution (such as seawater) from which chloride ions have been removed.
  • the processing tank 21 is provided with a carbon dioxide supply unit 30 that supplies carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide supply source (or generation source) in addition to the lines L1 and L2.
  • the carbon dioxide supply unit 30 may be anything that can supply carbon dioxide into the seawater introduced to the cathode side.
  • a carbon dioxide supply source or generation source
  • the carbon dioxide supply unit 30 may be anything that can supply carbon dioxide into the seawater introduced to the cathode side.
  • FIG. One example is one that includes a quantity adjusting means 33.
  • the pipe 31 connects the supply source (or source) of carbon dioxide and the treatment tank 21 (space 24b), and the tip side of the pipe 31 enters seawater stored in the space 24b,
  • a blowing section 32 is provided for blowing carbon dioxide into seawater.
  • the structure of the blowing section 32 is not particularly limited.
  • the tube may have a tubular structure having a diameter similar to that of the pipe 31, or may have a nozzle-like structure where the diameter decreases toward the tip.
  • a supply amount adjusting means 33 is provided for adjusting the amount of carbon dioxide supplied through the blowing section 32.
  • a pressurizing mechanism for pressurizing carbon dioxide is provided, and carbon dioxide is supplied from the blowing part 32 into the seawater.
  • the treatment tank 21 may be provided with means for recovering gas generated by electrolytic treatment.
  • hydrogen is generated on the cathode side and oxygen is generated on the anode side by performing electrolytic treatment in the electrolysis unit 20. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the treatment tank 21 with a line L3 for recovering the gas (hydrogen) generated on the cathode side and a line L4 for recovering the gas (oxygen) generated on the anode side.
  • hydrogen is a substance that is attracting attention as a next-generation energy source, and it is preferable to be able to recover and utilize highly pure hydrogen. Therefore, a means for removing gases other than hydrogen (such as water vapor) may be provided on the line L3. This makes it possible to recover highly pure hydrogen and effectively utilize hydrogen as an energy source.
  • the line L3 may be connected to equipment for storing hydrogen or equipment for controlling the amount of hydrogen supplied. This allows the generated and recovered hydrogen to be used as an energy source as appropriate.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method using seawater in this embodiment uses carbonate ions generated when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water (seawater) and divalent ions (calcium ions, magnesium ions, etc.) contained in seawater. It is based on a carbonate fixation process in which carbonates are reacted to form a form that can be recovered as carbonates.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method in this embodiment includes a step of bringing carbon dioxide and seawater into contact (mixing) in advance, alkalizing the seawater and promoting carbonate ionization of carbon dioxide. This is the result.
  • the carbonate ions (CO 3 2- ) generated in Formula 1 react with divalent metal ions contained in seawater and become carbonate.
  • carbonate ions (CO 3 2 ⁇ ) react with calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) contained in seawater to generate carbonate (calcium carbonate). This progresses the carbon dioxide fixation process.
  • Equation 1 From Equations 1 and 2, it can be seen that by allowing the chemical equilibrium reaction to proceed in the direction of producing carbonate ions, it is possible to improve the efficiency of carbon dioxide fixation treatment. In other words, it can be seen that by advancing the chemical equilibrium in Equation 1 toward the right side and increasing the amount of carbonate ions in Equation 2, it is possible to improve the reaction efficiency of carbonation related to carbon dioxide fixation treatment.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the pH of seawater and the abundance ratio of carbonic substances (carbonic acid, bicarbonate ions, carbonate ions) in seawater (1 atmosphere, 25 degrees Celsius).
  • the horizontal axis represents the pH of seawater
  • the vertical axis represents the abundance ratio of each carbonate substance.
  • the abundance ratio of carbonate ions is the highest among the three types of carbonic substances in seawater.
  • carbonate ions present in seawater are 90% or more.
  • the conventional method is to alkalize seawater (pH 10 or higher) and then supply carbon dioxide to increase the abundance ratio of carbonate ions and advance the reaction with divalent ions, resulting in carbonation. things were being done.
  • seawater electrolysis is performed as a means to alkalize seawater.
  • Alkalinization of seawater by electrolysis of seawater is also related to the carbon dioxide fixation method in this embodiment, and will be described in detail later. Note that, as described above, while a higher pH makes it possible to increase the abundance ratio of carbonate ions, the electric power required to alkalize seawater increases.
  • divalent metal ions contained in seawater are not limited to calcium ions, and other divalent metal ions also exist.
  • magnesium ions present in seawater undergo a reaction to produce magnesium hydroxide as shown in Formula 3.
  • the calcium carbonate production reaction based on Formula 2 and the magnesium hydroxide production reaction based on Formula 3 are both inorganic salt production reactions promoted under an alkali. Therefore, the present inventors conducted a study regarding which of the reactions of Formula 2 and Formula 3 progresses more as seawater becomes alkaline.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the content (%) of each composition in the precipitate produced by the inorganic salt production reaction accompanying the alkalinization of seawater and the pH of seawater (artificial seawater). More specifically, FIG. 3 shows that among the compositions determined from the precipitate, calcium derived from calcium carbonate produced in the production reaction based on formula 2, and magnesium derived from magnesium hydroxide produced in the production reaction based on formula 3. This is a graph showing the relationship between its content and pH. In FIG. 3, calcium derived from calcium carbonate is indicated by a black triangle ( ⁇ ), and magnesium derived from magnesium hydroxide is indicated by an open square ( ⁇ ). As shown in FIG.
  • the present inventors determined that the alkalinization of seawater (pH 10) is lower than that of the conventional method, from the viewpoint of energy consumption required for alkalinization by electrolysis of seawater, and from the viewpoint of suppressing the magnesium hydroxide production reaction. It has been found that it is preferable to carry out carbonation at pH. As a result of further studies based on this knowledge, the present inventors arrived at the carbon dioxide fixation method of this embodiment.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method in this embodiment is based on the findings from the study results of the present inventors, and more specifically, by electrolyzing seawater in which the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration has been increased in advance. This is based on the knowledge that in addition to improving the carbonate production efficiency due to the common ion effect, it is possible to suppress the magnesium hydroxide production reaction and make the carbonate production reaction dominant.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method in this embodiment is to fix carbon dioxide by electrolytically treating seawater in which carbon dioxide is dissolved using the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 in this embodiment. be.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic explanatory diagrams showing steps related to carbon dioxide fixation in the electrolysis unit 20 of the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 of this embodiment.
  • the configuration inside the processing tank 21 in FIGS. 4 and 5 is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 mainly illustrate configurations involved in each process, and illustration of some configurations is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 mainly shows the movement of ions and molecules related to fixation of carbon dioxide, and some ions and molecules are not shown.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the first step.
  • seawater is introduced into the cathode side (space 24b) of the processing tank 21 via line L1
  • electrolyte E is introduced into the anode side (space 24a) of processing tank 21 via line L2.
  • carbon dioxide is blown into the seawater introduced to the cathode side by the carbon dioxide supply unit 30 to increase the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide in the seawater.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the second step. As shown in FIG. 5, a voltage (or constant current) is applied between the electrodes 22a and 22b using a DC power source to perform electrolysis. At this time, the reaction at the electrode 22a in the space 24a (reaction on the anode side) is expressed by the following equation 4.
  • the hydrogen ions generated according to Formula 4 move to the space 24b side via the cation exchanger 23, as shown in FIG. Further, the oxygen generated by Equation 4 may be recovered via the line L4, or may be discharged directly to the outside of the system.
  • an electrolytic solution electrolytic solution E
  • chloride is removed from the cathode side by the cation exchanger 23. The movement of physical ions to the anode side is suppressed. Therefore, unlike normal seawater electrolysis, the reaction in which chloride ions become chlorine gas does not proceed.
  • reaction at the electrode 22b in the space 24b (reaction on the cathode side) is expressed by the following equation 5.
  • Carbon dioxide fixation treatment was performed using the carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system 10 in this embodiment described above.
  • a constant current was applied between the electrodes 22a and 22b to perform electrolysis.
  • electrolysis was performed at a current value of 300 mA, 600 mA, or 900 mA. Then, the precipitate generated by electrolysis was collected, dried, and then subjected to component analysis to determine the composition and content of the precipitate.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of an example of carbon dioxide fixation treatment using the carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system 10 in this embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 6 shows, among the compositions determined from the precipitate produced by electrolysis, calcium derived from calcium carbonate produced in the production reaction based on formula 2, and hydroxide produced in the production reaction based on formula 3. Regarding magnesium derived from magnesium, the relationship between the content (%) of each composition in the precipitate and the pH on the cathode side after electrolysis is made into a graph. Note that FIGS. 6(A) to 6(C) show graphs related to the results when the electrolytic conditions were current values of 300 mA, 600 mA, and 900 mA, respectively. In addition, in FIGS. 6(A) to 6(C), calcium derived from calcium carbonate is indicated by a black triangle ( ⁇ ), and magnesium derived from magnesium hydroxide is indicated by an open square ( ⁇ ).
  • the pH near the electrode 22b locally increases due to the reaction based on Formula 5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6C, it is considered that the higher the applied current value, the more alkaline the pH near the electrode 22b is than the pH of the entire cathode side. Therefore, in FIG. 6C, it is considered that the reaction for producing magnesium hydroxide progressed near the electrode 22b, and the reaction related to carbonation was suppressed. Therefore, by providing the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 of this embodiment with a means for forming a water flow (stirring flow) near the electrode 22b, local high alkalinization can be eliminated, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency related to carbonation. It becomes possible to suppress the influence of the applied current value on.
  • an electrolytic section in which a cation exchanger is arranged between the electrodes is used, and the cathode side
  • electrolysis is performed, and as the pH increases, carbonate ions increase on the cathode side, improving the carbonate production efficiency.
  • the pH does not rise to the point where the magnesium hydroxide production reaction becomes dominant, making it possible to suppress the magnesium hydroxide production reaction.
  • seawater as an electrolyte solution and a source of divalent ions
  • the embodiments described above are examples of a carbon dioxide fixation method and a carbon dioxide fixation system.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system according to the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and the carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system according to the embodiments described above are not limited to the embodiments described above. Variations in the method and carbon dioxide fixation system may be made.
  • various means for efficiently performing electrolysis may be added to the electrolysis unit 20 in the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 of this embodiment.
  • examples of such means include means for suppressing the formation of precipitates on the surfaces of the electrodes 22a and 22b, and means for suppressing reduction in the ion permeation efficiency of the cation exchanger 23. Examples include means.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation system 10 and the carbon dioxide fixation method use an electrolytic solution that does not contain chloride ions and suppress the generation of chlorine gas from the viewpoint of environmental impact.
  • the electrolytic solution E may be one containing chloride ions, such as seawater.
  • the reaction related to carbonation is promoted, and on the anode side, chlorine (Cl 2 ) generated at the electrode 22a (anode) and chlorine-containing components (Cl 2 ) generated when chlorine is dissolved in the electrolytic solution
  • Hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hypochlorite ions (ClO - )) may be recovered and utilized outside the system.
  • sterilization and biofouling control can be performed. Examples include.
  • the carbon dioxide fixation method and carbon dioxide fixation system of the present invention can be suitably used as a carbonate fixation treatment to carbonate carbon dioxide.

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Abstract

La présente invention aborde le problème de la fourniture d'un procédé de fixation du dioxyde de carbone et d'un système de fixation du dioxyde de carbone pouvant fixer le dioxyde de carbone avec une efficacité élevée, un faible coût et une faible énergie. Afin de résoudre le problème, l'invention décrit un procédé de fixation du dioxyde de carbone et un système de fixation du dioxyde de carbone destinés à un traitement de fixation du dioxyde de carbone à l'aide d'eau de mer, une unité d'électrolyse dans laquelle un échangeur de cations est disposé entre des électrodes étant utilisée, et une électrolyse étant effectuée après avoir fourni du dioxyde de carbone à l'eau de mer du côté cathode de l'unité d'électrolyse. Selon la présente invention, il est possible de supprimer des réactions de production d'hydroxyde de magnésium et de rendre les réactions de production de carbonate prépondérantes, en plus d'améliorer l'efficacité de production de carbonate au moyen de l'effet ionique commun. De plus, selon la présente invention, une carbonatation efficace peut être effectuée à un pH inférieur à celui des procédés classiques. Ceci permet de fixer le dioxyde de carbone avec une efficacité élevée, un faible coût et une faible énergie.
PCT/JP2023/007085 2022-03-22 2023-02-27 Procédé de fixation du dioxyde de carbone et système de fixation du dioxyde de carbone WO2023181794A1 (fr)

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JP2012050905A (ja) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-15 Ihi Corp 炭酸ガス固定方法及び炭酸ガス固定装置
KR20160119429A (ko) * 2015-04-03 2016-10-13 한국에너지기술연구원 선박 배기가스로부터 탄산염 광물의 제조 및 산성 가스 제거방법, 및 이를 위한 장치
WO2021061213A2 (fr) * 2019-06-14 2021-04-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Enrichissement de cations alcalins et électrolyse de l'eau pour fournir une minéralisation de co2 et une gestion de carbone à l'échelle mondiale
JP2021115505A (ja) * 2020-01-23 2021-08-10 住友重機械工業株式会社 水素回収装置、水素回収方法、及び二酸化炭素固定化システム
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JP2005021870A (ja) * 2003-06-10 2005-01-27 Kaken:Kk 大気中の二酸化炭素の削減方法、海水中の炭酸の回収除去方法及びその処分方法
KR20090006934A (ko) * 2007-07-13 2009-01-16 한국전기연구원 이산화탄소를 고화시키는 방법
US20110171107A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-07-14 California Institute Of Technology System for halting the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide and method of operation thereof
JP2012050905A (ja) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-15 Ihi Corp 炭酸ガス固定方法及び炭酸ガス固定装置
KR20160119429A (ko) * 2015-04-03 2016-10-13 한국에너지기술연구원 선박 배기가스로부터 탄산염 광물의 제조 및 산성 가스 제거방법, 및 이를 위한 장치
WO2021061213A2 (fr) * 2019-06-14 2021-04-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Enrichissement de cations alcalins et électrolyse de l'eau pour fournir une minéralisation de co2 et une gestion de carbone à l'échelle mondiale
JP2021115505A (ja) * 2020-01-23 2021-08-10 住友重機械工業株式会社 水素回収装置、水素回収方法、及び二酸化炭素固定化システム
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