WO2023167336A1 - 線維化疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物 - Google Patents
線維化疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding the alpha 3 subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HA3), specifically for lungs and other organs comprising said nucleic acid.
- P4HA3 prolyl 4-hydroxylase
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing at least one fibrotic disease selected from the group consisting of fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, myocardial infarction and cancer.
- Fibrosis is a state in which fibrous proteins such as collagen are excessively accumulated in organs.
- fibrotic diseases are referred to herein as all diseases characterized by physical hardening of the organ caused by overproduction of fibrous proteins.
- fibrous proteins that are excessively accumulated in organs are called fibrosis-associated factors.
- Fibrotic diseases are common in that myofibroblasts are the main body that overproduces fibrosis-related factors, even if the organs are different. Fibrotic diseases are responsible for approximately 45% of all deaths in developed countries (Non-Patent Document 1).
- TGF ⁇ tumor necrosis factor
- Non-Patent Document 2 nucleic acid drugs targeting growth factors
- HSP47 collagen-specific molecular chaperones
- HSP47 collagen-specific molecular chaperones
- HSP47 Patent Document 1
- HSP47 collagen-specific molecular chaperones
- HSP47 Patent Document 1
- HSP47 collagen-specific molecular chaperones
- Attempts to treat fibrotic diseases are known.
- the target genes of these conventional therapeutic drug candidates for fibrotic diseases do not have a high expression specificity for myofibroblasts, and the effect of suppressing the expression of fibrosis-related factors is limited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel fibrotic disease therapeutic or preventive drug that has a higher expression specificity for target genes in myofibroblasts and a higher inhibitory effect on the expression of fibrosis-related factors than conventional therapeutic drug candidates for fibrotic diseases. It is to provide a pharmaceutical composition. To that end, it is necessary to identify genes that are specifically expressed only in myofibroblasts and are directly involved in the overproduction of fibrosis-associated factors. There is a great demand to provide a pharmaceutical composition that can be expected to have a higher therapeutic or preventive effect in more fibrotic diseases.
- the present inventors searched for genes that are specifically expressed in myofibroblasts, and identified prolyl 4-hydroxylase as a molecular target capable of preventing overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins by myofibroblasts.
- a specific isoform of the alpha subunit, alpha 3 subunit (P4HA3) is specifically expressed in myofibroblasts, and inhibition of the gene expression suppresses the production of collagen and other fibrosis-related proteins,
- the present inventors have discovered that it can ameliorate inflammatory diseases, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating or preventing fibrotic diseases.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding the alpha 3 subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (hereinafter referred to as "P4HA3").
- the fibrotic disease may be at least one disease selected from the group consisting of fibrosis in lungs, skin and other organs, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, myocardial infarction and cancer.
- the nucleic acid may have a nucleotide sequence complementary to at least part of the mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- the nucleic acid may be siRNA or antisense nucleic acid.
- the siRNA comprises an oligonucleotide comprising at least 15 contiguous sequences of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 11 and at least 15 contiguous sequences of the oligonucleotide. It may also be a siRNA consisting of an oligonucleotide containing a complementary sequence.
- the siRNA is a pair of an oligonucleotide containing the sequence of SEQ ID NO:5 and an oligonucleotide containing the sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, or an oligonucleotide containing the sequence of SEQ ID NO:7 and the oligonucleotide of SEQ ID NO:8. It may be paired with an oligonucleotide containing the sequence.
- the siRNA is a pair of an oligonucleotide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and an oligonucleotide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, or an oligonucleotide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 and an oligonucleotide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. It may be paired with an oligonucleotide consisting of the sequence.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain a nucleic acid delivery carrier.
- the nucleic acid delivery carrier may be liposomes or lipid nanoparticles.
- the liposome may be a liposome that specifically adsorbs to myofibroblasts and encapsulates the nucleic acid.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further contain a drug P other than the nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating a fibrotic disease, comprising administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a fibrotic disease.
- the fibrotic disease may be at least one disease selected from the group consisting of fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, myocardial infarction and cancer.
- myofibroblasts are almost absent, and diseases other than fibrotic diseases Patients and healthy subjects have no side effects, while in patients with fibrotic diseases, the production of fibrosis-related proteins can be suppressed more strongly than conventional therapeutic agents for fibrotic diseases.
- Graphs showing temporal changes in relative mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 (A), ⁇ -SMA (B) and periostin (C) in the heart after myocardial infarction ⁇ represents the infarcted area, ⁇ represents the non-infarcted area, and ⁇ represents the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in the sham treated group.
- Error bars represent the standard deviation of the infarct region expression levels of mRNA for each gene 7 days after treatment.
- the vertical axis is the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the heart sample on day 0 of the sham treatment group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level is 1, and the horizontal axis is myocardial infarction.
- the sample numbers for the infarcted area, non-infarcted area and sham-treated group were 5-6, 3 and 3-4, respectively.
- P-values were calculated by unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. ### in the graph represents the significance of p ⁇ 0.001 for infarct area vs.
- B, C and D are enlarged views of the area enclosed by the dashed line in A.
- B Fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a periostin probe.
- C Fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- D Fluorescence microscopy image merged from B and C fluorescence microscopy images. Scale represents 10 ⁇ m.
- a t-SNE plot diagram showing the results of single-cell analysis of each cell type in mouse heart before and after treatment with a myocardial infarction model created using data from Parkhi N. et al, (2019).
- A Dimensional reduction plot of cell populations expressing mRNAs specific to each cell type.
- B Dimensional reduction plot visualization of cell populations expressing the ⁇ SMA (Acta2) gene.
- C A dimensionality reduction plot diagram visualizing a cell population expressing the periostin (Postn) gene.
- D A dimensionality reduction plot visualizing a cell population expressing the P4HA3 gene. Mac represents clusters of macrophages, Endo endothelial cells, Mural smooth muscle cells and pericytes, Fibro fibroblasts, and ActFib activated fibroblasts. Bar graph showing the effect of P4HA3 knockdown on P4HA3 (A), periostin (B), 1 ⁇ type 1 collagen (C), 3 ⁇ type 1 collagen (D) gene expression in myofibroblasts isolated from the infarct region.
- si P4HA3 and si Ctrl each represent the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in myofibroblasts to which siRNA against P4HA3 gene and control gene was administered.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. The number of samples is 5 each. P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Graph A shows the relative values of P4HA3 mRNA expression levels in the lung tissue of the bleomycin-treated group (Bleomycin) or sham-treated group (Saline), and graph B shows the ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet group (NASH) or normal diet.
- NASH ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet group
- Graph C represents the relative value of P4HA3 mRNA expression level in the liver tissue of the fed group (Ctrl), and the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level in the renal tissue of the UUO-treated group (UUO) or the sham-treated group.
- the vertical axis of each bar graph represents the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level, with the value corrected by the GAPDH mRNA expression level being 1.
- P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. The number of samples was 5 for the lung (A) and liver (B) fibrosis induction experiments, and 3 for the sham-treated group and 8 for the UUO-treated group for the kidney (C) fibrosis induction experiment.
- Hepatic injury liver fibrosis model mice due to carbon tetrachloride administration were collected 4 weeks after the start of solvent administration (Vehicle), 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration (CCl 4 ), and 4 weeks after discontinuation of carbon tetrachloride administration (Withdraw). Bar graphs showing temporal changes in the relative values of mRNA expression measured by real-time RT-PCR for P4HA3 (A), ⁇ -SMA (B), and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) in liver tissues treated with the same method.
- each bar graph represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene with the GAPDH mRNA expression level in the vehicle group 4 weeks after the start of solvent administration.
- the number of samples is 5. ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001.
- P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Each bar graph (0W, 3W, 6W, 9W and 12W) shows mice before, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks and 12 weeks after ultra-high fat choline-deficient methionine diet, respectively.
- Fig. 2 shows time-dependent changes in the relative value of mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 measured by real-time RT-PCR in liver tissues collected from .
- the vertical axis of each bar graph represents the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level at each time point, where the value obtained by correcting the P4HA3 mRNA expression level before feeding with the GAPDH mRNA expression level is 1. Results of 6 experiments under the same conditions (5 times only 3 weeks after feeding).
- Each bar graph shows the liver tissue (NASH) of NASH-developing mice that were fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet for 5 weeks and collected 5 weeks after stopping the diet, and control mice that were fed a normal diet.
- P4HA3 mRNA expression level (A), ⁇ -smooth muscle actin ( ⁇ -SMA) mRNA expression level (B), and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen mRNA expression level (C) in liver tissue (Ctrl) were compared. represent.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Ctrl group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level. P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. The number of samples is 5. Cyp7a1 (A), Cd68 (B), ⁇ -SMA (C) and P4HA3 (D) genes were measured by real-time RT-PCR method for each cell type fraction of the liver collected 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration. Bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the hepatocyte fraction with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. The number of samples is 1. Error bars represent standard deviation. P4HA3 knockdown on expression of P4HA3 (A), 1 ⁇ type collagen (B), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (C), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D) and elastin (E) genes in liver-derived myofibroblasts of hepatic fibrosis model mice A bar chart showing the impact of .
- each bar graph is the siRNA of the control gene (si Ctrl), the center is the first siRNA of the P4HA3 gene (si P4HA3 #1), and the right is the second siRNA of the P4HA3 gene (si P4HA3 #2).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level.
- the vertical axis of each graph represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, with the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Saline group by the GAPDH mRNA expression level being 1.
- P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. The number of samples is 5.
- P4HA3 (A), 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (B), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) and 14 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D ) Bar graph showing the effect of P4HA3 knockdown on gene expression.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- i-vi indicate the locations of kidney tissue sections. Fluorescence microscopy showing in situ hybridization results with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ type 1 collagen probes and fluorescence histochemistry results with anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody of sham treated renal tissue sham corresponding to region i in Fig. 12-1. Images (all 2Ox).
- the center of the upper row is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody.
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging the fluorescence microscope images in the upper center and upper right with the DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescent microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe.
- the center of the lower row is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the middle and right fluorescence microscopy images of the upper row.
- the lower right is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the upper middle and lower left fluorescence microscopy images.
- the center of the upper row is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody.
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging the fluorescence microscope images in the upper center and upper right with the DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescent microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe.
- the center of the lower row is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the middle and right fluorescence microscopy images of the upper row.
- the lower right is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the upper middle and lower left fluorescence microscopy images.
- Results of in situ hybridization using P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of renal tissue sections of UUO-2 region (see region ii in FIG. 12-1) on the side treated for unilateral ureteral obstruction, and fluorescence histochemistry results using anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody Fluorescence microscope images showing (all 20x).
- the center of the upper row is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody.
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging the fluorescence microscope images in the upper center and upper right with the DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescent microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe.
- the center of the lower row is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the middle and right fluorescence microscopy images of the upper row.
- the lower right is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the upper middle and lower left fluorescence microscopy images. Results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of renal tissue section of UUO-3 region (see region iii in FIG.
- the center of the upper row is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody.
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging the fluorescence microscope images in the upper center and upper right with the DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescent microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe.
- the center of the lower row is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the middle and right fluorescence microscopy images of the upper row.
- the lower right is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the upper middle and lower left fluorescence microscopy images.
- the center of the upper row is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe.
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody.
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging the fluorescence microscope images in the upper center and upper right with the DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe.
- the center of the lower row is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the central and right fluorescence microscopy images of the upper row.
- the lower right is a fluorescence microscopy image obtained by merging the upper middle and lower left fluorescence microscopy images.
- FIG. 1 Schematic diagram showing the relationship between changes in the expression levels of the P4HA3 gene and fibrosis-related genes (1 ⁇ 1 type collagen and ⁇ -SMA) during the progression of fibrosis.
- Western blotting diagram showing expression of P4HA3 protein in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO) and wild-type mice (WT).
- the upper panel shows the results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation of total protein from liver myofibroblasts detected with an antibody against the P4HA3 protein, and the lower panel shows the results of detection of the separation with an antibody against the GAPDH protein.
- FIG. 1 is a line graph showing changes over time in body weight change rates when P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO) and wild-type mice (WT) were fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine diet.
- the top line graph is a normal chow-fed wild-type mouse (WT Ctrl), below that is a normal chow-fed P4HA3 gene-deficient mouse (P4HA3-KO Ctrl), then ultra-high-fat choline-deficient Wild-type mice (WT NASH) fed a methionine-reduced diet, and the line graph at the bottom represents P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- Fig. 10 is a bar graph showing the relative values of percentage of liver weight to body weight after 10 weeks of feeding with ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet or normal diet.
- the bar graph shows, from the far left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet ( P4HA3-KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the percentage of liver weight relative to the body weight of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- WT Ctrl normal diet
- WT NASH ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet
- P4HA3-KO Ctrl P4HA3 gene-deficient
- the vertical axis represents the relative liver weight/body weight of each mouse group when the liver weight/body weight of wild-type mice fed with a normal diet is taken as 100%. Each group of mice has 8-10 individuals. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (A), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (B), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C), and elastin (C) in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice and wild-type mice after feeding a high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet or a normal diet for 10 weeks A bar graph comparing the relative values of the expression levels of D).
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right shows the mRNA expression level of each gene in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene of WT Ctrl with the mRNA expression level of GAPDH is 1.
- Each group of mice has 8-10 individuals. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- the left figure is a Picrosirius Red-stained optical microscope image of a liver section of a P4HA3 gene-deficient mouse (P4HA3-KO) or a wild-type mouse (WT) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (NASH) or a normal diet (Ctrl). is.
- the scale represents 1 mm.
- the figure on the right shows the results of evaluation by histopathological analysis of these microscopic images.
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the percentage of collagen accumulation area in the liver of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis of the graph represents the percentage of collagen accumulation area.
- Each group of mice has 6 individuals.
- Liver function markers AST left panel
- ALT in the serum of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice P4HA3-KO
- WT wild-type mice
- NASH ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet
- Ctrl normal diet
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the enzyme activity of AST or ALT in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis of the graph represents the enzymatic activity of AST or ALT (unit: IU/L).
- Each group of mice has 5-6 individuals.
- the vertical axis represents the enzymatic activity of AST or ALT. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level in each cell fraction, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the hepatocyte fraction with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- Graph A is a bar graph showing the relative values of the expression levels of the Hsp47 gene in myofibroblasts derived from fibrosis liver by administration of carbon tetrachloride to which siHsp47 or siCtrl was administered.
- Graph B is a bar graph showing the relative values of the expression levels of the P4HA3 gene in myofibroblasts to which siP4HA3 or siCtrl was administered.
- Graphs C to F show 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D), 8 ⁇ 1 type collagen (E), and 14 ⁇ 1 type collagen ( F) A bar graph showing relative values of gene expression levels.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- the number of samples for each is four. ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n.p. s indicates no significant difference. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Graphs A to D show Hsp47 (A), P4HA3 (B), 1 ⁇ type collagen (C), or 1 ⁇ 2 in myofibroblasts derived from hepatopathic fibrotic livers administered with si Hsp47 and/or si P4HA3, respectively.
- 2 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels of type collagen (D).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. The number of samples for each is four. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001, n.p. s indicates no significant difference. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Graphs A to D show, respectively, 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (A), 8 ⁇ 1 type collagen (B), 14 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C ) or a bar graph showing the relative expression levels of the elastin (D) gene.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- Each sample number is 5. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n. s indicates no significant difference.
- P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation. Kaplan-Meier curves showing the relationship between the level of P4HA3 gene expression and the prognosis of bladder cancer (A), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (B), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (C) and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (D). be.
- Cases with high expression of the P4HA3 gene are shown in black, and cases with low expression of the P4HA3 gene are shown in gray. Both were created with a Kaplan-Meier Plotter.
- 2 is a Kaplan-Meier curve showing the relationship between the level of P4HA3 gene expression and the prognosis of pancreatic ductal carcinoma (E), breast cancer (F), gastric adenocarcinoma (G) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (H). Cases with high expression of the P4HA3 gene are shown in black, and cases with low expression of the P4HA3 gene are shown in gray. Both were created with a Kaplan-Meier Plotter.
- the upper graph is a graph showing the time course of relative expression levels of different isoforms P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2 of P4HA3 mRNA in the heart after myocardial infarction.
- ⁇ indicates the infarcted area
- ⁇ indicates the non-infarcted area
- ⁇ indicates the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in the sham-treated group.
- the vertical axis is the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene with the GAPDH mRNA expression level on the day of myocardial infarction treatment (0) is 1, and the horizontal axis is the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene after myocardial infarction treatment.
- the bottom row is a t-SNE plot created using the data of Parkhi N.
- FIG. 1 is a dimensionality reduction plot diagram; FIG. The upper row shows the type 1 ⁇ 1 collagen gene (Col1 ⁇ 1) in heart tissue at the site of myocardial infarction induced by transverse aortic coarctation (TAC) or in heart tissue from sham-treated control mice (Sham). , P4HA3 mRNA relative isoforms P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- TAC transverse aortic coarctation
- Sham sham-treated control mice
- FIG. 4 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels for different isoforms P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Sham or Saline group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n.p. s indicates no significant difference.
- FIG. 4 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels of different isoforms of P4HA P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- FIG. 10 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels with Forms P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- FIG. The vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Ctrl or Sham group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Student's t-test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Fig. 3 is a bar graph showing the effect of siCtrl, siP4HA1, siP4HA2 and siP4HA3 on gene expression of 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1) and elastin (Eln)).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. The number of samples for each is four.
- FIG. 26a is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 or type 1 ⁇ 1 collagen (Col1 ⁇ 1) in LX-2 treated with PBS or PBS supplemented with TGF ⁇ (5 ng/mL) for 12 hours.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Ctrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. The number of samples for each is three.
- FIG. 26b shows P4HA3, 1 ⁇ type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 1 ), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 2), and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. Each sample number is 5. Comparisons between groups were calculated by Tukey's range test after one-way analysis of variance.
- Fig. 26c shows SMAD3, P4HA3, 1 ⁇ type 1 collagen in myofibroblasts isolated from liver tissue of liver fibrosis model mice with hepatic injury due to carbon tetrachloride administration and transfected with siRNA against SMAD3 (siSmad3) or siCtrl.
- 1 is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression levels of (Col1 ⁇ 1), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 2), and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. Each sample number is 5. Comparisons between groups were calculated by Tukey's range test after one-way analysis of variance. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n. s indicates no significant difference.
- fibrotic diseases refer to all diseases characterized by physical hardening of organs caused by overproduction of fibrous proteins. Fibrotic diseases include, but are not limited to, myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis, as well as renal failure, fibrosis of the lungs and other organs, and some cancers.
- the modulus of elasticity of normal liver is about 5 kPa, whereas the modulus of elasticity of lesions of fatty liver or cirrhosis increases to about 8-75 kPa.
- the modulus of elasticity of a normal heart is about 10 kPa, whereas the modulus of elasticity of a lesioned portion of myocardial infarction increases to about 35-70 kPa.
- any fibrotic disease physical stiffening of organs leads to functional deterioration of each organ.
- Physical hardening of organs is caused by excessive accumulation of fibrous proteins, which are extracellular matrix components such as collagen and elastin, in organs. Therefore, the fibrous protein is called a fibrosis-associated factor.
- myofibroblasts also called activated astrocytes in the liver.
- Myofibroblasts are differentiated from fibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and bone marrow-derived cells that are always present in normal tissues, triggered by inflammatory reactions, ischemic reactions, mechanical stimuli, and the like.
- Myofibroblasts have contractility, and ⁇ -smooth muscle actin (hereinafter also referred to as ⁇ SMA or ACTA2) is a marker specific to myofibroblasts.
- ⁇ SMA or ACTA2 ⁇ -smooth muscle actin
- cancer lesions are known to be physically hardened compared to the surrounding normal tissue. Physically consolidated cancer lesions also involve the overproduction of fibrosis-associated factors by myofibroblasts.
- fibrotic diseases were classified differently, such as liver cirrhosis, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary fibrosis, according to the causes of physical consolidation, such as inflammation, ischemia, and malignant neoplasms.
- Fibrotic diseases are defined as all diseases characterized by physical hardening of the organ caused by overproduction of fibrotic proteins. Fibrotic diseases include, but are not limited to, myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis and renal failure, fibrosis of the lungs, skin and other organs, and cancer with focal physical consolidation.
- Each gel bead is immobilized with a reverse transcription primer having a unique DNA barcode, ie, a unique molecular identifier (UMI).
- UMI unique molecular identifier
- cDNA synthesis reactions, cDNA library construction, and cDNA sequencing on each droplet or well yield cDNA sequence data that include UMI-derived sequences at the 3' ends of mRNAs from individual cells.
- the obtained cDNA sequence data are subjected to computer analysis.
- a single cell gene expression analysis system sold by 10x Genomics, etc. and a next-generation sequencer sold by Illumina, etc. are often used, but reagents, kits, equipment and/or software other than these are used. can be used.
- the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of fibrotic diseases.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprises a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding the ⁇ 3 subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HA3).
- the mRNA encoding the ⁇ 3 subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HA3) whose expression is inhibited by the nucleic acid contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention includes humans and other primates, and mice and other rodents. , but not limited to.
- knockdown refers to inhibition of mRNA expression of a gene by a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding that gene. Inhibition of expression is referred to as P4HA3 knockdown.
- Prolyl 4-hydroxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the post-translational hydroxylation of proline residues in collagen and elastin to convert them to hydroxyproline. Hydroxyproline stabilizes the three-stranded helical structure of collagen.
- Prolyl 4-hydroxylase is a tetrameric protein consisting of two ⁇ subunits and two ⁇ subunits. There are three isoforms, the ⁇ 3 subunit (P4HA3). The ⁇ subunit is a multifunctional protein known to function as a monomeric protein disulfide isomerase.
- P4HA3 was upregulated in the treated group over the sham-treated group, whereas P4HA1 and P4HA2 were upregulated in both the sham-treated and treated groups. There was no significant difference in expression in , or even if there was a significant difference, the difference in expression between the sham-treated group and the treated group was not as large as that of P4HA3.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention suppresses mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors by suppressing P4HA3 mRNA expression produced by myofibroblasts. Therefore, not only patients with symptomatic findings of fibrotic disease, but also subjects with myocardial infarction and inflammatory diseases of the liver, lungs, kidneys, or other causes of fibrotic disease who still have fibrotic disease.
- myofibroblasts can suppress mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors to prevent fibrotic diseases.
- nucleotide sequences of DNA encoding human P4HA3 mRNA are registered in the NCBI Reference Sequence as, for example, NM_182904.4, NM_182904.5, NM_001288748.1, NM_001288748.2, XR_001747836.1 and XR_001747837.1.
- the nucleotide sequence of DNA encoding mouse P4HA3 mRNA is registered in NCBI Reference Sequence as, for example, NM_177161.4.
- Specific embodiments of the nucleic acids contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention include, but are not limited to (a) to (d) below.
- siRNA that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3 or its precursor
- an oligo RNA complementary to the mRNA encoding P4HA3 and A double-stranded RNA consisting of its complementary strand that is, siRNA can be mentioned.
- siRNA can be designed based on the cDNA sequence information of the target gene, for example, according to the rules proposed by Elbashir et al. (Genes Dev., 15, 188-200 (2001)).
- any linker sequence capable of forming a loop structure is appropriately selected to separate the sense strand and antisense strand of siRNA. It can be designed by connecting via the linker sequence.
- a candidate siRNA that inhibits the expression of human P4HA3 mRNA is a nucleotide sequence corresponding to human P4HA3 mRNA (variant 1: NM_001288748, SEQ ID NO: 9, full length nucleotide 2255, or variant 2: NM_001288748, SEQ ID NO: 10, full length nucleotide 2248 ), including a nucleotide sequence complementary to a sequence consisting of at least 15 contiguous nucleotides of the full-length sequence.
- a candidate siRNA that inhibits the expression of mouse P4HA3 mRNA should be selected from at least 15 contiguous nucleotides of the full length sequence of the nucleotide sequence corresponding to mouse P4HA3 mRNA (NM_177161.4, SEQ ID NO: 11, full length 2361 nucleotides). contains a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a sequence that is
- the siRNA of the present invention that inhibits expression of P4HA3 mRNA comprises a double-stranded RNA comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a sequence consisting of at least 15 contiguous nucleotides of the DNA sequence listed in SEQ ID NO: 9 or 10. .
- the siRNA of the present invention is a double-stranded RNA containing the RNA sequences listed in SEQ ID NOS: 5 and 6, or a double-stranded RNA containing the RNA sequences listed in SEQ ID NOS: 7 and 8, or SEQ ID NOS: 1 and 2.
- RNA sequences listed Including, but not limited to, double-stranded RNA consisting of the RNA sequences listed or double-stranded RNA consisting of the RNA sequences listed in SEQ ID NOS:3 and 4.
- the two RNAs that constitute the siRNA of the present invention may consist of nucleotide sequences that are completely complementary to each other. It may contain one or several nucleotides.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 sense strand of siRNA #1 (si P4HA3#1) against mouse P4HA3 SEQ ID NO: 2 antisense strand of mouse si P4HA3#1
- SEQ ID NO: 3 sense strand of siRNA #2 (si P4HA3#2) against mouse P4HA3 4 mouse si P4HA3#2 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 5 fully complementary to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6
- SEQ ID NO: 7 that is fully complementary to the nucleotide sequence
- SEQ ID NO: 8 that is fully complementary to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3
- SEQ ID NO: 3 in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4
- SEQ ID NO: 9 sense strand of siRNA #1
- a nucleotide molecule that constitutes siRNA and/or shRNA may contain only natural ribonucleotides, but may also contain deoxyribonucleotides and natural or non-natural modified nucleotides. In order to reduce off-target effects, or to improve stability (chemically and/or against enzymes) or specific activity (affinity with RNA), various chemical modifications known per se can be included.
- siRNA against mRNA encoding human P4HA3 for example, siRNA targeting the 1st and 2nd exons, the 2nd exon, or the 9th exon of the human P4HA3 gene is commercially available from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Available.
- siRNA against mRNA encoding mouse P4HA3 includes, for example, exons 1 and 2, exons 2, exons 3, exons 4, exons 4 and 5, and exons 4 and 5 of mouse P4HA3 gene.
- siRNAs targeting exon 6, exon 7, exon 8 and 9, or exon 13 are commercially available from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. It is also possible to obtain designed or newly designed siRNA against mRNA encoding human P4HA3 from BIONEER CORPORATION (Daejeon, South Korea) represented by Cosmo Bio Co., Ltd. and others.
- siRNA is prepared by synthesizing the sense strand and antisense strand of the target sequence on mRNA with an automatic DNA/RNA synthesizer, and denaturing them in an appropriate annealing buffer at about 90 to about 95°C for about 1 minute. It can be prepared by annealing at about 30 to about 70° C. for about 1 to about 8 hours. It can also be prepared by synthesizing shRNA, which is a precursor of siRNA, and cleaving it with dicer.
- nucleic acids designed to be capable of producing siRNA and/or shRNA that inhibit the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3 in vivo are also included in the nucleic acids that inhibit the expression of said mRNA.
- nucleic acids include expression vectors constructed to express the shRNA or siRNA described above.
- a promoter eg, CMV immediate early promoter
- a pol III promoter is generally used for accurate transcription of short RNA.
- Pol III promoters include mouse and human U6-snRNA promoters, human H1-RNase P RNA promoters, human valine-tRNA promoters, and the like.
- a sequence in which 4 or more Ts are consecutive is used as a transcription termination signal.
- Antisense nucleic acid against mRNA encoding P4HA3 is a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA or a portion thereof, and is specific to the target mRNA. It also has the function of suppressing protein synthesis by forming and binding to a stable double chain.
- Antisense nucleic acids can be DNA or RNA, or can be DNA/RNA chimeras. When the antisense nucleic acid is DNA, an RNA:DNA hybrid formed by the target RNA and the antisense DNA can be recognized by endogenous RNase H to cause selective degradation of the target RNA.
- the target region of the antisense nucleic acid is not particularly limited in length as long as the hybridization of the antisense nucleic acid results in inhibition of protein translation, and the entire sequence of the mRNA encoding the protein. or a partial sequence, the short one being about 10 bases, and the long one being the whole sequence of mRNA or initial transcription product.
- antisense nucleic acids not only hybridize with target mRNAs and initial transcription products to inhibit translation into proteins, but also bind to these genes, which are double-stranded DNA, to form triplexes. However, it may be one (antigene) that can inhibit transcription into RNA.
- the nucleotide molecule that constitutes the antisense nucleic acid may also be modified in the same manner as in the above siRNA and the like in order to improve stability, specific activity, and the like.
- the target sequence of mRNA or initial transcription product is determined based on the cDNA sequence or genomic DNA sequence of the target gene, and a complementary sequence is synthesized using a commercially available automatic DNA/RNA synthesizer. It can be prepared by
- a nucleic acid designed to be capable of producing an antisense RNA against mRNA encoding P4HA3 in vivo is also defined as being included in the antisense nucleic acid against said mRNA.
- nucleic acids include expression vectors constructed to express the antisense RNA described above.
- a polII-based promoter or a polIII-based promoter can be appropriately selected and used according to the length of the antisense RNA to be transcribed.
- Ribozyme nucleic acid against mRNA encoding P4HA3 A ribozyme nucleic acid capable of specifically cleaving the mRNA encoding P4HA3 within the coding region can also be used as a nucleic acid that suppresses the expression of the mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- the term "ribozyme” is narrowly defined as an RNA having an enzymatic activity that cleaves nucleic acids, but is used herein as a concept that includes DNA as long as it has a sequence-specific nucleic acid-cleaving activity.
- ribozyme nucleic acids are self-splicing RNAs found in infectious RNAs such as viroids and virusoids, and hammerhead and hairpin types are known.
- a ribozyme when used in the form of an expression vector containing the DNA that encodes it, it can be a hybrid ribozyme in which a tRNA-modified sequence is further ligated in order to promote translocation of the transcript into the cytoplasm. .
- miRNAs miRNA against mRNA encoding P4HA3
- MicroRNAs miRNAs that target the P4HA3-encoding mRNA also either complementarily bind to the P4HA3-encoding mRNA to repress translation of the mRNA, or degrade the mRNA, resulting in post-transcriptional expression of P4HA3.
- the sequences of miRNAs targeting mRNAs encoding P4HA3 can be searched using search software provided free of charge on various websites. Examples of such sites include, but are not limited to, TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/vert_80/) published by the Whitehead Institute of the United States.
- miRNAs that target the mRNA encoding P4HA3 include, for example, hsa-miR-335-5p (MIRT018485), hsa-miR-124-3p (MIRT022868), mmu-miR-466i-5p (MIRT586397), mmu- Included are miR-466k (MIRT586399) and mmu-miR-466d-5p (MIRT586400).
- the nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3, contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain at least one type of nucleic acid of the above (a) to (d). may contain two or more types of nucleic acids of different molecular species, or may contain two or more different types of nucleic acids.
- a nucleic acid delivery carrier contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention A nucleic acid delivery carrier contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, capable of carrying the nucleic acid contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, and carrying the nucleic acid into cells. There are no particular restrictions on the structure, constituent molecules, and carrier form of the nucleic acid, as long as they can be delivered to the cell.
- a representative nucleic acid drug delivery system (DDS) is a complex formed based on electrostatic interaction between a positively charged cationic liposome, cationic polymer, or the like and a nucleic acid as a carrier. is mentioned. After binding to the negatively charged cell membrane, the complex is internalized by adsorptive endocytosis.
- nucleic acid delivery carriers used in the present invention include, for example, liposomes (e.g., cationic liposomes, PEG-modified liposomes, etc.), lipid nanoparticles (LNP), cationic polymers (e.g., polyethyleneimine, polylysine , polyornithine, chitosan, atelocollagen, protamine, etc.), liposomes encapsulating cationic polymers, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- exosomes which are biologically derived components, can also be used. Liposomes or lipid nanoparticles are preferred, and liposomes are more preferred.
- liposome refers to a microscopic closed vesicle having an internal phase surrounded by one or more lipid bilayers, usually a water-soluble substance in the internal phase and a fat-soluble substance in the lipid bilayer. can hold.
- the nucleic acids of the present invention may be retained within the liposome internal phase or within the lipid bilayer.
- the liposomes used in the present invention may be single-layered or multi-layered, and the particle size can be appropriately selected within the range of, for example, 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 50 to 300 nm. Considering delivery to corneal tissue, the particle size can be, for example, 200 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or less.
- components of the liposome used in the present invention include natural phospholipids such as lecithin, semisynthetic phospholipids such as dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), and dioleylphosphatidylethanol.
- DMPC dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
- DPPC dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
- DSPC distearoylphosphatidylcholine
- dioleylphosphatidylethanol dioleylphosphatidylethanol.
- Amines DOPE
- DLPC dilauroylphosphatidylcholine
- N-( ⁇ -trimethylammonioacetyl)-didodecyl-D-glutamate chloride TMAG
- N,N',N'',N''-tetramethyl-N,N',N'',N '''-tetrapalmitylspermine TMAG
- TMG N,N',N'',N''-tetramethyl-N,N',N'',N '''-tetrapalmitylspermine
- DOSPA 2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium trifluoroacetate
- DOSPA 2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium trifluoroacetate
- DOSPA N -[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl
- the nucleic acid delivery carrier of the present invention more efficiently delivers the nucleic acid of the present invention to myofibroblasts. Therefore, it is desirable to include a compound that specifically binds to myofibroblasts.
- myofibroblasts are known to readily take up vitamin A. Therefore, the nucleic acid delivery carrier of the present invention, for example, a liposome, preferably has a membrane surface modified with a retinoid derivative and/or a vitamin A analog having high binding affinity to vitamin A binding protein.
- the binding or inclusion of the retinoid derivative and/or vitamin A analogue to the nucleic acid delivery carrier of the present invention involves chemically and/or physically binding the retinoid derivative and/or vitamin A analogue to other components of the nucleic acid delivery carrier. It is also possible by combining or including. Alternatively, the binding or inclusion of a retinoid derivative and/or vitamin A analogue to the nucleic acid delivery carrier of the present invention can be achieved by combining the retinoid derivative and/or vitamin A analogue with a forming affinity with the basic nucleic acid delivery carrier components during the preparation of the nucleic acid delivery carrier. Alternatively, it is also possible by incorporating a vitamin A analogue into the component of the nucleic acid delivery carrier.
- the amount of the retinoid derivative and/or vitamin A analog to be bound or included in the nucleic acid delivery carrier of the present invention is 0.01% to 100%, preferably 0.2% to 100% by weight of the components of the nucleic acid delivery carrier. It can be 20%, more preferably 1-5%.
- Nucleic acid delivery carriers comprising retinoid derivatives and/or vitamin A analogues and lipids are well known to those skilled in the art, such as the composition disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6590888, for example.
- Methods for encapsulating water-soluble compounds such as nucleic acids in liposomes include lipid film method (vortex method), reverse phase evaporation method, surfactant removal method, freeze-thaw method, remote loading method and the like. It is not limited, and any known method can be selected as appropriate.
- lipid nanoparticles refers to a large pore structure (e.g., liposome) or small pore structure (e.g., means particles with an average diameter of less than 1 ⁇ m without mesoporous materials).
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further contain an agent P other than the nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- the drug P may be any drug on the condition that it does not substantially affect the efficacy of the nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of the mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- drug P may be an active ingredient of any existing medicament for fibrotic diseases.
- Existing drugs for any of the fibrotic diseases may be, for example, nucleic acid drugs such as nucleic acids that inhibit the expression of mRNA encoding Hsp47, or non-nucleic acid drugs such as pirfenidone. good.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be a drug for reducing side effects of a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of mRNA encoding P4HA3.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention exhibited a synergistic effect when used in combination with nucleic acids that inhibit the expression of mRNA encoding Hsp47. Similar to P4HA3, Hsp47 and P4HA3 have in common that they suppress the mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors. It is thought that the synergistic effect is exhibited because inhibition differs from the mechanism of action that suppresses mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors.
- pirfenidone do not suppress the mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated factors and thus have a different mechanism of action. Therefore, it can be easily expected that the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention will exhibit a synergistic effect when used in combination with a non-nucleic acid drug such as pirfenidone.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention consists of subcutaneous, intravenous, intraarterial, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intracranial and intrathecal administration. It can be delivered by parenteral administration of at least one selected from the group. Said administration may be continuous or chronic, short term or intermittent.
- Therapeutic agents of the invention are administered for at least 30 days, at least 35 days, at least 40 days, at least 45 days, at least 50 days, at least 55 days, at least 60 days, at least 65 days, at least 70 days, at least 75 days, Down of mRNA encoding P4HA3 for at least 80 days, at least 85 days, at least 90 days, at least 95 days, at least 100 days, at least 105 days, at least 110 days, at least 115 days, at least 120 days, or at least 1 year regulation and/or 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100% of the intracellular levels of the diseased tissue of fibrosis-associated factors resulting in a reduction of
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be oral administration such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders or syrups.
- These formulations contain excipients such as sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol; starch derivatives such as maize starch, potato starch, alpha starch, dextrin; cellulose derivatives such as crystalline cellulose; gum arabic; dextran; organic excipients such as pullulan; and silicate derivatives such as light silicic anhydride, synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, and magnesium aluminometasilicate; phosphates such as calcium hydrogen phosphate; carbonates such as calcium; inorganic excipients such as sulfates such as calcium sulfate), lubricants (e.g.
- metal stearates such as stearic acid, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate salts; talc; colloidal silica; waxes such as Veegum, Gey wax; boric acid; adipic acid; sulfates such as sodium sulfate; lauryl sulfate such as magnesium lauryl sulfate; silicic anhydride, silicic acid such as silicic acid hydrate; pyrrolidone, macrogol, and compounds similar to the above excipients), disintegrants (e.g., low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxyl group methylcellulose, carboxyl group methylcellulose calcium, internally crosslinked carboxyl group methylcellulose sodium cellulose derivatives such as; carboxyl group methyl starch, carboxyl group methyl starch sodium, chemically modified starch celluloses such as crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone can be mentioned.), stabilizers (methylparaben, propylparab
- the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a nucleic acid that inhibits the expression of the mRNA encoding P4HA3 (when the nucleic acid delivery carrier binds or associates with the nucleic acid, the nucleic acid delivery carrier binds or associates with the nucleic acid). the nucleic acid).
- the ratio of the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be appropriately set within the range in which the desired effect can be exhibited, but it is usually 0.01 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.1%. ⁇ 99.9% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 99.5% by weight.
- the dosage for administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention must be carefully adjusted taking into account the age, weight and condition of the individual to be treated, the route of administration, dosage form and method of administration, and the exact dosage must be determined by a physician.
- the actual dosage is within the discretion of the physician and may vary by titrating the particular situation of the invention to obtain the desired therapeutic effect.
- the dose of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not generally defined according to the type of the active ingredient, the body weight and age of the subject to be administered, symptoms, etc.
- the lower limit is 0.001 mg/kg body weight (preferably 0.01 mg/kg body weight), and the upper limit is 100 mg/kg body weight (preferably 10 mg/kg body weight).
- the lower limit is 0.01 mg/kg body weight (preferably 0.1 mg/kg body weight), and the upper limit is 1000 mg/kg body weight (preferably 100 mg/kg body weight), once or several times per day for symptoms. It is desirable to administer as needed.
- Desirable therapeutic effects used in determining the selection of the active ingredient, carrier, dosage and method of administration of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention include inhibition of progression of clinical symptoms of fibrotic disease (physical hardening of affected tissue) and/or Mitigation is paramount. However, as a surrogate endpoint prior to clinical symptoms, the reduction and/or disappearance of fibrosis-related factors accumulated in the diseased tissue is also used to determine the selection of the active ingredient, carrier, dosage and method of administration of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention. be able to.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a method for preventing or treating a fibrotic disease, which comprises administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a fibrotic disease.
- administering to a subject who is likely to suffer from a fibrotic disease means a subject with myocardial infarction and an inflammatory disease of the liver, lungs, kidneys, or other cause of the fibrotic disease, who still has fibrotic disease. It means administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject who has not yet developed a disease.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention suppresses mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated factors by suppressing mRNA expression of P4HA3 produced by myofibroblasts.
- a fibrotic disease can be prevented by administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject at a stage that does not lead to the disease.
- the adnominal "about” that modifies a numerical value means a numerical range of 90% or more and 110% or less of the numerical value.
- “about 40%” refers to a percentage within a numerical range of 36% to 44%.
- Example 1 Search for genes specifically expressed in myofibroblasts In addition, we searched for proteins whose expression levels were significantly increased in the heart, and further narrowed down the molecules whose expression levels varied depending on the surrounding stiffness (mechanical stimulation) in myofibroblasts.
- mice used in the examples of this specification were C57BL/6J pure-bred mice purchased from Japan SLC Co., Ltd. Male mice were 8 to 10 weeks old and female mice were 6 to 8 weeks old.
- NASH model mice were prepared by feeding wild-type mice with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet and mice fed with a normal diet. After that, RNA was collected from each mouse liver, RNA-seq was performed, and mRNA expression levels of genes were compared. An attempt was made to identify genes that are not normally expressed at all in the liver but whose expression level is increased in the NASH liver.
- mice were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of Somnopentyl injection (50 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital) and a cannula was inserted into the trachea.
- Somnopentyl injection 50 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital
- the thoracotomy was performed through a left intercostal incision, the heart was aspirated out of the thoracic cavity and the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated with a 6 mm silk braid suture.
- the sham group thoracotomy and prolapse of the heart from the thoracic cavity were performed, but no ligation was performed.
- the heart was returned to the thoracic cavity and closed.
- the expression level of mRNA such as P4HA3 in the examples of this specification was quantified as follows.
- the concentration of the purified RNA was determined with a microvolume spectrophotometer DS-11 (DeNovix), and reverse transcription reaction to cDNA was performed using High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Applied Biosystems). Quantification of mRNA was performed according to the protocol of Luna Universal qPCR Master Mix (New England BioLabs) by activating DNA synthetase at 95°C for 60 seconds, denaturing cDNA at 95°C for 15 seconds, and elongation reaction at 60°C for 30 seconds. was performed for 45 cycles. Analysis was performed by the ⁇ Ct method using GAPDH as an internal standard.
- Mouse Cyp7a1 probe was purchased from Applied Biosystems.
- Fig. 1 shows a graph showing the time course of the relative expression levels of P4HA3 (A), ⁇ -SMA (B) and periostin (C) in the heart after myocardial infarction.
- ⁇ SMA is a myofibroblast-specific marker
- periostin is also an extracellular matrix protein known to be specifically expressed in myofibroblasts.
- ⁇ represents the infarcted area
- ⁇ represents the non-infarcted area
- ⁇ represents the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in the sham treated group.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the heart sample on day 0 of the sham treatment group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level is 1,
- the horizontal axis represents the number of days (unit: day) after myocardial infarction treatment.
- the sample numbers for the infarcted area, non-infarcted area and sham-treated group were 5-6, 3 and 3-4, respectively.
- P-values were calculated by unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. ### in the graph represents the significance of p ⁇ 0.001 for infarct area vs.
- RNAscopeTM reagent kit Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Cosmo Bio Inc.
- In situ hybridization was performed using RNAscope from Advanced Cell Diagnostics according to the protocol.
- the prepared frozen tissue sections were first washed with PBS, dropped with a protease solution, and reacted at 40° C. for 30 minutes in a HybEZTM oven (Advanced Cell Diagnostics). After that, a probe for P4HA3 was added dropwise to the tissue section, reacted in a HybEZTM oven at 40° C. for 2 hours, and then subjected to signal amplification reaction with Amp solution.
- FIG. 2 is a panel of fluorescence microscope images showing the results of in situ hybridization of heart sections 7 days after myocardial infarction.
- A is a fluorescence microscope image obtained by merging a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with periostin and P4HA3 probes and a DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- B, C and D are all enlarged views of the area enclosed by the dashed line in A.
- B is a fluorescence microscopy image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a periostin probe
- C is a fluorescence microscopy image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a P4HA3 probe
- D is a fluorescence microscopy image in which the fluorescence microscopy images of B and C are merged.
- P4HA3 mRNA is specifically expressed in myofibroblasts, like periostin mRNA. It is scattered in clusters in part of the cytoplasm of fibroblasts.
- FIG. 3 is a t-SNE plot diagram created using the data of Parkhi N. et al, (2019) supra, showing the results of single-cell analysis of each cell type in the mouse heart before and after myocardial infarction model treatment.
- A is a dimension reduction plot of cell populations expressing mRNAs specific to each cell type
- B is a dimension reduction plot visualizing cell populations expressing ⁇ SMA (Acta2) gene
- C is periostin (Postn) gene expression.
- D is a dimensionality reduction plot diagram visualizing a cell population expressing the P4HA3 gene.
- Mac macrophages, End, endothelial cells, Cycling, proliferating endothelial cells, Mural, smooth muscle cells and pericytes, Fibro, fibroblasts, and ActFibro, activated fibroblasts.
- Example 3 Effect of P4HA3 Knockdown on Expression of Each Gene in Myofibroblasts Derived from Site of Myocardial Infarction
- the culture of myofibroblasts from the infarcted region of a disease model mouse of myocardial infarction is described by Nakaya, M., supra. et al. (2017). Briefly, three days after the coronary artery ligation procedure, the ventricles of mice in the treatment group were excised with PBS containing 0.1% collagenase A (Roche Diagnostics) and 0.1% trypsin (Sigma-Aldrich). and digested with agitation at 37°C.
- P1 (passage 1) myofibroblasts were used as myofibroblasts.
- Myofibroblasts were transfected with siRNA using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen).
- the si P4HA3 used was ThermoFisher Scientific Catalog No. 4390771 (Assay ID: s115723) added to the myofibroblast cultures at a final concentration of 3.125 nM.
- si Ctrl used as a control siRNA was ThermoFisher Scientific catalog number 4390843 added to the myofibroblast cultures at a final concentration of 3.125 nM. Quantification of mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 and the like in myofibroblasts after siRNA treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.
- FIG. 4 shows the effect of siRNA against the P4HA3 gene on the expression of the P4HA3 (A), periostin (B), 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C), and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D) genes in myofibroblasts isolated from the infarct region.
- si P4HA3 and si Ctrl represent relative values of mRNA expression levels of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in myofibroblasts administered with siRNA against P4HA3 gene and siRNA against control gene, respectively.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level.
- the number of samples is 5.
- P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- myofibroblasts treated with siP4HA3 (the same siRNA as siP4HA3#1 in Example 7) expressed not only P4HA3 mRNA, but also mRNA expression of periostin, 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen. was also strongly inhibited.
- the above P4HA3 knockdown experiments suggested that P4HA3 functions as an essential regulatory factor for the transcription of periostin, 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen and 3 ⁇ 1-type collagen in myofibroblasts differentiated after myocardial infarction.
- Example 4 Involvement of P4HA3 in Fibrosis in Other Organs
- disease model mice of pulmonary fibrosis, fatty liver and chronic renal failure were used.
- quantification of mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 and the like was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Pulmonary fibrosis disease model mice were created by anesthetizing 6- to 8-week-old female mice with isoflurane inhalation and intrabronchial administration of physiological saline containing bleomycin.
- the dose was 1 mg/kg for lung tissue mRNA extraction samples, and the dose was 1.5 mg/kg for preparation of other tissue sections, isolation of myofibroblasts, and measurement of viability.
- saline alone was injected.
- Lung RNA was collected 14 days after administration of bleomycin or saline alone.
- Liver fibrosis model mice were prepared by administration of carbon tetrachloride or feeding of ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diets.
- carbon tetrachloride 0.4 mL per 1 kg body weight
- corn oil as a solvent
- intraperitoneally administered twice a week for 4 weeks liver fibrosis is observed.
- the administration of carbon tetrachloride was discontinued and the rats were reared for another 4 weeks, the liver fibrosis findings disappeared.
- mice by carbon tetrachloride after administration of carbon tetrachloride for 4 weeks (CCl 4 group), after administration of corn oil alone as a control experiment for 4 weeks (Vehicle group), or administration of carbon tetrachloride was discontinued. Then, liver RNA was collected after further feeding for 4 weeks (Withdraw group). Vehicle group and CCl4 group were anesthetized with somnopentyl 24 hours after the final administration, and withdraw group 4 weeks after the final administration. After confirmation, the liver was excised. Then, according to the protocols of Isogen (Nippon Gene) and RNeasyPlus Mini Kit (Qiagen), total RNA was collected.
- NASH model mice with diets were fed with ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (60 kcal% fat content, lard use, choline deficiency, methionine-reduced (0.1%), CDAHFD (ResearchDiets)) for 5 weeks, and then fed normally. Liver RNA was collected after returning to diet (SD (Research Diets)) and feeding for an additional 5 weeks.
- SD Research Diets
- UUO unilateral ureteral obstruction
- Eight- to ten-week-old female mice were anesthetized by inhalation of 1.5% isoflurane, and the mice were fixed on an operating table in the supine position while maintaining inhalation anesthesia. It was performed by making a midline abdominal incision, exposing the right ureter, and ligating the ureter with a 6-0 silk braid suture under surgical microscopy. After that, 30 ⁇ L of procaine penicillin G solution was dropped into the abdominal cavity, and the incision was sutured with a suture thread.
- Fig. 5 is a bar graph showing the expression level of mRNA measured by real-time RT-PCR of the P4HA3 gene in experimental fibrosis models of lung (A), liver (B) and kidney (C).
- Graph A represents the relative value of P4HA3 mRNA expression levels in lung tissues of the bleomycin-treated group (Bleomycin) or sham-treated group (Saline), and graph B represents the ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet group (NASH) or normal diet.
- NASH ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet group
- bar graph C represents the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level in the renal tissue of the UUO-treated group (UUO) or the sham-treated group.
- the vertical axis of each bar graph represents the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level, with the value corrected by the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level being 1. P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test.
- Example 5 Time course of mRNA expression of P4HA3 and fibrosis-related factors in transient fibrosis liver
- Figure 6-1 shows transient liver fibrosis model mice by carbon tetrachloride administration, 4 weeks after the start of solvent administration (Vehicle), 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration (CCl 4 ), and 4 after cessation of carbon tetrachloride administration.
- a bar graph showing changes over time in relative values of mRNA expression levels measured by real-time RT-PCR for P4HA3 (A), periostin (B), and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) in liver tissue collected after a week (Withdraw).
- each bar graph represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene with the GAPDH mRNA expression level in the vehicle group 4 weeks after the start of solvent administration.
- Fig. 6-2 is a bar graph showing changes over time in the expression level of P4HA3 mRNA in the liver of NASH model mice due to diet.
- Each bar graph (0W, 3W, 6W, 9W and 12W) shows mice before, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks and 12 weeks after ultra-high fat choline-deficient methionine diet, respectively.
- 1 is a bar graph showing changes over time in relative values of mRNA expression levels measured by real-time RT-PCR method of P4HA3 in liver tissue collected from mice.
- the vertical axis of each bar graph represents the relative value of the P4HA3 mRNA expression level at each time point, where the value obtained by correcting the P4HA3 mRNA expression level before feeding with the GAPDH mRNA expression level is 1. This is the result of 6 experiments under the same conditions (5 times only after 3 weeks of feeding).
- Fig. 7 is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method in NASH model mice fed with food.
- Each bar graph shows the liver tissue (NASH) of NASH-induced mice that were fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet for 5 weeks and collected 5 weeks after stopping the diet, and the liver of control mice that were fed a normal diet.
- NASH liver tissue
- ⁇ -SMA ⁇ -smooth muscle actin
- B 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen mRNA expression level
- C 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen mRNA expression level
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Ctrl group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level. P-values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test.
- ⁇ -SMA is a marker for myofibroblasts
- 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen is one of the fibrosis-related factors produced by myofibroblasts. Therefore, from FIGS. 6-1, 6-2 and 7, myofibroblasts appear in liver fibrosis, as in myocardial infarction, and produce fibrosis-related factors. It was suggested that P4HA3 functions as an essential regulatory factor for transcription.
- Example 6 Gene Expression in Fractions of Liver with Transient Fibrosis Using transient liver fibrosis model mice induced by carbon tetrachloride administration, it was determined whether P4HA3 is expressed only in myofibroblasts. Examined.
- liver fibrosis model mice due to carbon tetrachloride administration the liver was removed 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration.
- the liver was treated with collagenase A at 37° C. for 30 minutes, the cell suspension was centrifuged at 50 G for 1 minute, and the precipitated cells were isolated as the hepatocyte fraction.
- the supernatant was seeded on a plastic plate and cultured overnight in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, then the cells adhered to the plate were collected using accutase, and a CD45 positive fraction was obtained using CD45 antibody-added magnetic beads. A fraction was separated as a hematopoietic cell fraction.
- the CD45-negative fraction was used as the myofibroblast fraction.
- the hepatocyte marker Cyp7a1, blood cell marker Cd68, myofibroblast marker ⁇ -SMA, and P4HA3 mRNA expression levels were quantified in the same manner as in Example 2.
- FIG. 8 shows real-time RT-PCR of Cyp7a1 (A), Cd68 (B), ⁇ -SMA (C) and P4HA3 (D) genes in liver cell type fractions collected 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration.
- 1 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels measured by the method. The vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the hepatocyte fraction with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- Cyp7a1 mRNA expression was detected only in the hepatocyte fraction, Cd68 mRNA expression was detected almost exclusively in the blood cell fraction, and ⁇ -SMA and P4HA3 mRNA expression was detected almost exclusively in myofibroblasts. Detected in fractions only. Therefore, it was shown that P4HA3 is specifically expressed in myofibroblasts even in fibrotic liver.
- Example 7 Effect of P4HA3 Knockdown on Expression of Fibrosis-Related Factors in Myofibroblasts Derived from Transient Fibrosis Liver Culture isolated from liver 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration in the same manner as in Example 3
- the effect of P4HA3 mRNA expression suppression on the mRNA expression of other fibrosis-related factors was investigated. Livers were excised from carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced liver fibrosis model mice and finely divided.
- CCl 4 carbon tetrachloride
- washing was performed using Washing buffer [25 mM HEPES/500 nM EDTA/HBSS (-)], and the liver pieces were treated in Digestion buffer [0.1% Collagenase A/15 mM HEPES/HBSS (-)] at 37°C for 30 minutes.
- a cell solution containing myofibroblasts was collected by shaking the tube three times. After that, blood cell components were removed with Red Blood Cell Lysis Buffer, the cells were suspended in 10% FBS/1% Penicillin-Streptomycin/DMEM, and then seeded on a culture plate. After 6 hours, the medium was exchanged to remove non-adherent cells and debris.
- si P4HA3#1 and si P4HA3#2 were obtained from ThermoFisher Scientific Cat. Nos. 4390771 and 4390771 (Assay IDs: s115723 and s115721), respectively, in cultures of the myofibroblasts at 3.125 nM using Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Invitrogen). was added at a final concentration of In experiments where si P4HA3#2 was not used as in Example 3, si P4HA3#1 was used as "si P4HA3". Silencer Select Negative Control no. 1 siRNA (ThermoFisher Scientific, catalog number: 4390843) was used as si Ctrl in the siRNA control experiment.
- nucleotide sequences of the sense and antisense strands of si P4HA3#1 are listed as SEQ ID NOS: 1 and 2, respectively, in the Sequence Listing attached hereto.
- nucleotide sequences of the sense and antisense strands of si P4HA3#2 are listed as SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4, respectively, in the Sequence Listing attached hereto.
- Figure 9 shows the P4HA3 gene (A), 1 ⁇ type collagen (B), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (C), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D) and elastin (E) in myofibroblasts isolated from the liver of liver fibrosis model mice.
- ) is a bar graph showing the effect of P4HA3 knockdown on gene expression.
- the left of each bar graph represents the relative expression level of each gene in myofibroblasts administered with si Ctrl, the right with si P4HA3#1, and the center with si P4HA3#2.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level.
- siP4HA3#1 and siP4HA3#2 inhibited the mRNA expression of P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen and other fibrosis-related factors in transient fibrotic liver-derived myofibroblasts.
- the inhibitory effect was weaker than the inhibition of mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors in myofibroblasts derived from the myocardial infarction site shown in FIG. 4 of Example 3.
- siP4HA3#1 had a stronger inhibitory activity than siP4HA3#2 for any mRNA expression.
- the difference in the mRNA expression inhibitory effect between siP4HA3#1 and #2 was greater for 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen and 1 ⁇ 2-type collagen than for P4HA3.
- Example 8 mRNA Expression of P4HA3 and Fibrosis-Related Factors in Fibrotic Lung
- mRNA expression of P4HA3 and other multiple fibrosis-related factors examined. Quantification of mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 and the like was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Figure 10 shows P4HA3 (A), ⁇ - 1 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels measured by real-time RT-PCR for SMA (B), 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D) genes.
- the vertical axis of each graph represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, with the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Saline group by the GAPDH mRNA expression level being 1.
- the mRNA expression levels of P4HA3, ⁇ -SMA, 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen and 3 ⁇ 1-type collagen increased in the treatment group compared to the sham treatment group.
- the mRNA expression of P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen increased in lungs of pulmonary fibrosis model mice as well as in livers of NASH model mice in FIG.
- ⁇ -SMA was slightly increased in lungs of pulmonary fibrosis model mice compared to livers of NASH model mice. This is because, in the NASH model mouse shown in FIG.
- mRNA expression in the liver collected 10 weeks after the start of feeding of the ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet was examined, whereas in the pulmonary fibrosis model by bleomycin administration shown in FIG.
- the expression of mRNA in the lung collected 7 days after intrabronchial administration of bleomycin was examined, and the time from the initiation of fibrosis induction was short, and many myofibroblasts were not differentiated, so it is a marker of myofibroblasts. It was suggested that there was little increase in the expression level of ⁇ -SMA mRNA.
- Example 9 Gene expression in each fraction of lung fibrosis caused by administration of bleomycin Using bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model mice, it was examined whether P4HA3 was expressed only in myofibroblasts.
- Example 2 In the lung fibrosis model mouse by bleomycin administration created in the same manner as in Example 4, the lungs were excised 7 days after bleomycin administration. The liver was treated with collagenase A at 37° C. for 30 minutes, and the cell suspension was separated by FACSAria. did. . Quantitation of mRNA expression levels of Cd68, a hematopoietic cell marker, 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen, a fibrosis-related factor, and P4HA3 was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.
- FIG. 11-1 shows Cd68 (A) in blood cell fractions and myofibroblast fractions isolated as CD45-positive fractions and PDGFR ⁇ -positive fractions by FACSAria from the lungs of bleomycin-administered pulmonary fibrosis model mice, respectively.
- 1 is a bar graph showing relative values of mRNA expression levels measured by real-time RT-PCR method for genes of 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (B) and P4HA3 (C).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the hepatocyte fraction with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- the blood cell fraction isolated as the CD45-positive fraction very strongly expresses the blood cell marker Cd68, but was isolated as the PDGFR ⁇ -positive fraction.
- the myofibroblast fraction expressed little Cd68.
- the myofibroblast fraction very strongly expressed 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen, which is a profibrotic factor, but the hematopoietic cell fraction hardly expressed 1 ⁇ 1-type collagen.
- P4HA3 was very strongly expressed in the myofibroblast fraction, P4HA3 was hardly expressed in the blood cell fraction.
- Example 10 Effect of P4HA3 knockdown on the expression of fibrosis-related factors in myofibroblasts derived from fibrotic lung investigated the effect of P4HA3 knockdown on the mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated factors.
- Figure 11-2 shows P4HA3 (A), 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (B), and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) in myofibroblasts isolated from the lungs of bleomycin-administered pulmonary fibrosis model mice and administered with siCtrl or siP4HA3.
- 14 ⁇ type 1 collagen (D) gene expression are bar graphs showing the effect of siRNA administration. The left of each bar graph represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene in myofibroblasts to which si Ctrl was administered, and the right to which si P4HA3 was administered.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- FIG. 12-1 is a schematic coronal section including the long axis of a kidney with fibrosis due to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Physical pressure from the ureteral ligation results in thinner parenchyma in the combined cortex and medulla compared to sham kidneys.
- ⁇ -SMA expression is strongest in the ureteral-proximal region of the renal medulla, and collagen expression is weaker than in the cortex-adjacent region of the renal cortex.
- cortical-proximal regions of the renal cortex have the strongest expression of collagen and weaker expression of ⁇ -SMA compared to the proximal ureteral regions of the renal medulla. i-vi indicate the locations of kidney tissue sections.
- FIG. 12-2 shows the results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of a sham treated kidney tissue section (sham) corresponding to region i in FIG. 12-1, and fluorescent tissue with anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody Fluorescence microscopy images showing chemical results (all 2Ox).
- the upper center is a fluorescence microscopy image showing the results of in situ hybridization with the P4HA3 probe
- the upper right is a fluorescence microscopy image showing the results of fluorescence histochemistry with an anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody
- the upper left is a fluorescence microscopy image of the upper center and upper right. and a DAPI-stained fluorescence microscope image.
- the lower left is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with a 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probe
- the lower center is a fluorescence microscope image that merges the upper center and upper right fluorescence microscope images
- the lower right is the upper center and lower left fluorescence. It is a fluorescence microscopy image in which the microscopy images were merged.
- Figure 12-3 is a fluorescence microscope image showing the results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of a renal tissue section of the UUO-1 region (see region i in Figure 12-1) on the side treated for unilateral ureteral obstruction. , Fluorescence microscope images showing fluorescence histochemistry results with anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody (all 20 ⁇ ). The description of each image is the same as in FIG. 12-2.
- the UUO-1 region is the region with the strongest expression of ⁇ -SMA, which means that fibrosis has progressed to a high degree.
- FIG. 12-4 shows the results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of renal tissue sections in the UUO-2 region (see region ii in FIG. 12-1) on the side treated for unilateral ureteral obstruction, and anti- ⁇ -SMA. It is a fluorescence microscopy image which shows the fluorescence histochemistry result by an antibody. (all 20x). The description of each image is the same as in FIG. 12-2.
- the UUO-2 region is also the region where the expression of ⁇ -SMA is strongest, which means that fibrosis has progressed to a high degree.
- FIG. 12-5 shows the results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of renal tissue sections of the UUO-3 region (see region iii in FIG. 12-1) on the side treated for unilateral ureteral obstruction, and anti- ⁇ -SMA. Fluorescent microscopy images showing fluorescence immunohistochemistry results with antibodies (all 2Ox). The description of each image is the same as in FIG. 12-2.
- the UUO-3 region is a region in which ⁇ -SMA expression is weak to moderate, indicating that fibrosis is just progressing.
- FIG. 12-6 shows the results of in situ hybridization with P4HA3 and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen probes of renal tissue sections in the UUO-5 region (see region v in FIG. 12-1) on the side treated for unilateral ureteral obstruction, and anti- ⁇ -SMA. Fluorescence microscopy images showing antibody fluorescence histochemistry results (all 2Ox). The description of each image is the same as in FIG. 12-2.
- the UUO-5 region is also a region in which ⁇ -SMA expression is weak to moderate, indicating that fibrosis is just progressing.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram summarizing the results obtained in Figs. 12-2 to 12-6.
- ⁇ -SMA a myofibroblast marker
- 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen and P4HA3 which reflect the fibrotic potential of myofibroblasts, are the strongest in the middle stage of fibrosis, and the expression is lower in the late stage of fibrosis than in the middle stage. It was clarified that the expression was higher than the initial stage, that is, the expression was moderate.
- P4HA3 knockout mice hepatic fibrosis in mice homozygous for the P4HA3-deficient gene
- the P4HA3 knockout mice used in the examples of the present specification construct a genome editing construct such that normal P4HA3 mRNA is not transcribed using the CRISPR / Cas9 system, and the construct is mated with a C57BL / 6N male mouse.
- GONAD Gene-editing via Oviductal Nucleic Acids Delivery
- Fig. 14 is a Western blotting diagram showing the expression of P4HA3 protein in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO) and wild-type mice (WT).
- the top panel shows the results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation of total protein from liver myofibroblasts detected with an antibody against P4HA3 protein, and the bottom panel shows the results of detection of the isolate with an antibody against GAPDH protein.
- the 35 Kd band of the anti-GAPDH antibody has approximately the same intensity in wild-type and P4HA3 knockout mice, whereas the 61 Kd P4HA3 protein was detected only in wild-type mice. Therefore, it was confirmed that the P4HA3 knockout mouse of this example does not express the P4HA3 protein.
- a NASH disease model was prepared by feeding an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet in the same manner as in Example 4.
- Fig. 15-1 is a line graph showing changes over time in body weight change rate when P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO) and wild-type mice (WT) were fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine diet. From the top, the top line graph shows wild-type mice (WT Ctrl) fed a normal diet, P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO Ctrl) fed a normal diet, and ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diets.
- FIG. 15-2 is a bar graph showing percentage of liver weight to body weight after 10 weeks of feeding with ultra high fat choline deficient methionine reduced diet or normal diet.
- the bar graph shows, from the far left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet ( P4HA3-KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the percentage of liver weight to body weight of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis represents the relative liver weight/body weight of each mouse group when the liver weight/body weight of wild-type mice fed with a normal diet is taken as 100%. Each group of mice has 8-10 individuals. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- FIG. 16 shows 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (A), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (B), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C) in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice and wild-type mice after 10 weeks of high-fat choline-deficient methionine-deficient diet or normal diet. and a bar graph comparing the relative expression levels of elastin (D).
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, with the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene of WT Ctrl by the mRNA expression level of GAPDH as 1.
- Each group of mice has 8-10 individuals. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- liver tissue fibrosis in P4HA3 knockout mice that developed NASH due to feeding an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- Mouse livers were immediately immersed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, fixed at room temperature for 16-32 hours, and paraffin-embedded thin sections were incubated in picric acid-saturated 0.1% Direct Red 80 solution for 60 minutes. , Picrosirius Red staining was performed. Then, it was washed with 0.01N HCl, dehydrated with ethanol and cleared with xylene, and mounted with MOUNT QUICK.
- the stained liver tissue section was imaged with a microscope (KEYENCE, BZ-X700), and analyzed and quantified by KEYENCE Analysis Software.
- the left figure in FIG. 17 shows Picrosirius Red staining of liver sections of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO) or wild-type mice (WT) fed with ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (NASH) or normal diet (Ctrl). It is an optical microscope image. The scale represents 1 mm.
- the right figure in FIG. 17 shows the evaluation results by pathological tissue analysis of these microscopic images.
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the percentage of collagen accumulation area in the liver of P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis of the graph represents the percentage of collagen accumulation area.
- Each group of mice has 6 individuals. *** represents P ⁇ 0.001. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- liver tissue fibrosis in P4HA3 knockout mice that developed NASH due to feeding an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- Mice were anesthetized with somnopentyl and exsanguinated from the abdominal aorta using a syringe with a 25G needle. After that, centrifugation (1,200 ⁇ G, 5 minutes, 4° C.) was carried out to fractionate the plasma in the serum. Plasma AST and ALT levels were measured by Unitech, and blood biochemical tests were performed.
- Figure 18 shows liver function marker AST (left ) or ALT (right) is a bar graph showing the analysis results.
- Each bar graph shows, from the left, wild-type mice fed a normal diet (WT Ctrl), wild-type mice fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet (WT NASH), and P4HA3 gene-deficient mice fed a normal diet (P4HA3 -KO Ctrl), and the far right represents the enzyme activity of AST or ALT in P4HA3 gene-deficient mice (P4HA3-KO NASH) fed an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet.
- the vertical axis of the graph represents the enzymatic activity of AST or ALT (unit: IU/L). Each group of mice has 5-6 individuals. The vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, with the GAPDH gene mRNA expression level being 1. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- liver function markers AST and ALT were significantly lower in NASH-developed P4HA3 knockout mice than in NASH-developed wild-type mice. Therefore, it was also confirmed by blood biochemical evaluation that NASH-induced fibrotic conditions were ameliorated in P4HA3 knockout mice.
- siHsp47 and siP4HA3#1 of Example 7 were used as Hsp47 and P4HA3 knockdown reagents, respectively.
- siHsp47 ThermoFisher Scientific catalog number 4390771 (Assay ID: s232335) was used. Separation of liver cell type fractions collected 4 weeks after the start of carbon tetrachloride administration was performed in the same manner as in Example 6. Quantification of mRNA expression levels of P4HA3 and fibrosis-related factors was performed in the same manner as in Example 2. Administration of siHsp47 and siP4HA3#1 to cultured cells was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 7.
- FIG. 19 is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by real-time RT-PCR method for each cell type fraction of the liver of transient liver fibrosis model mice due to carbon tetrachloride administration.
- Bar graph A represents the mRNA expression level of P4HA3
- bar graph B represents the mRNA expression level of Hsp47.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level in each cell fraction, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the hepatocyte fraction with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- the left side of each bar graph represents the gene expression level in the hepatocyte fraction, the center in the blood cell fraction, and the left in the myofibroblast fraction.
- P4HA3 was expressed almost exclusively in the myofibroblast fraction, but Hsp47 was highly expressed in the myofibroblast fraction, but was over 25% of the expression level in the myofibroblast fraction. was also expressed in the hepatocyte fraction at an expression level of Therefore, it was revealed that P4HA3 has higher expression specificity in myofibroblasts than Hsp47.
- A is a bar graph showing the relative value of the expression level of the Hsp47 gene expressed in carbon tetrachloride-administered fibrotic liver-derived myofibroblasts to which si P4HA3 or si Ctrl was administered.
- B is a bar graph showing the relative expression level of the P4HA3 gene in myofibroblasts to which siP4HA3 or siCtrl was administered.
- C to F show 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (D), 8 ⁇ 1 type collagen (E), and 14 ⁇ 1 type collagen ( F) A bar graph showing relative values of gene expression levels.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- Each group of mice has 4 individuals. ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n.p. s indicates no significant difference. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- siHsp47 used in this example had a higher mRNA expression-suppressing effect on each target gene in myofibroblasts than siP4HA3.
- siP4HA3 had a higher inhibitory effect on mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors. Therefore, the results of FIG. 20 indicate the possibility that P4HA3 has a more significant fibrosis-suppressing effect than the Hsp47-targeting nucleic acid drug currently under development.
- Graphs A to D in FIG. 21-1 show, respectively, Hsp47 (A), P4HA3 (B), 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (C ) or 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (D).
- Bar graphs A to D in FIG. 21-2 show, respectively, 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (A), 8 ⁇ 1 type collagen (B), 14 is a bar graph showing the expression levels of 14 ⁇ type 1 collagen (C) or elastin (D) genes.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene with the GAPDH mRNA expression level as 1.
- FIG. These are the results of four experiments under the same conditions. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n. s indicates no significant difference. P-values were calculated by Tukey test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- Hsp47 siRNA did not suppress P4HA3 mRNA expression at all, but P4HA3 siRNA also slightly suppressed Hsp47 mRNA expression. Then, as shown in C and D in FIGS. 21-1 and A to D in FIG. It was revealed that the effect of suppressing mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors is higher than that of either siRNA alone.
- the P4HA3 gene is expressed only during fibrosis in the liver and other organs, and is not expressed in normal conditions. Expression of P4HA3 was demonstrated to exacerbate fibrotic conditions by promoting the expression of fibrosis-associated factors.
- Example 14 P4HA3 as a Poor Prognostic Factor in Cancer Fibrotic diseases include not only fibrotic diseases of organs such as myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis, but also cancers accompanied by physical consolidation of foci. Therefore, the possibility that the expression of the P4HA3 gene is a factor of poor prognosis of cancer was examined.
- Figures 22-1 to 22-3 show bladder cancer (A), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (B), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (C), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (D), pancreatic ductal carcinoma (E), and breast cancer.
- Example 15 Isoforms of P4HA3 Alpha subunits of prolyl 4-hydroxylase include P4HA3, alpha1 subunit (P4HA1) and alpha2 subunit (P4HA2). Therefore, we investigated whether there are differences in gene expression variation and expression cells among these isoforms.
- Table 1 shows sham-operated hearts (Sham ), 1 cell derived from tissues collected from the infarcted region site (Inf) in the treated heart, the boundary site of the infarcted region in the treated heart (Border), and the site distant from the infarcted region in the treated heart (Rem) TPM (transcripts per million) values of P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2 in the RNA library.
- TPM numbers of P4HA3 were significantly higher in the infarct area 7 days after myocardial infarction (Inf 7d), whereas variations in TPM numbers of P4HA1 and P4HA2 did not increase in the infarct area and were associated with myocardial infarction treatment. I didn't. This result suggested that the expression of only P4HA3 among isoforms of the alpha subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase was specifically enhanced in myocardial infarction.
- the upper part of FIG. 23 is a graph showing temporal changes in the expression levels of P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2 in the heart after myocardial infarction.
- ⁇ indicates the infarcted area
- ⁇ indicates the non-infarcted area
- ⁇ indicates the mRNA expression level of each gene measured by the real-time RT-PCR method in the sham-treated group.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene with the GAPDH mRNA expression level as 1, and the horizontal axis represents the number of days (unit: day) after myocardial infarction treatment.
- the lower part of FIG. 23 is a t-SNE plot chart created using the data of Parkhi N. et al, (2019) mentioned above, and is a dimension reduction plot chart visualizing cell populations expressing P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2. be.
- P4HA3 mRNA was expressed almost exclusively in myofibroblasts, whereas P4HA1 mRNA was expressed not only in myofibroblasts but also in fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells. mRNA was expressed not only in myofibroblasts, but also in fibroblasts and endothelial cells.
- FIG. 24-1 top panel, collagen type 1 ⁇ 1 in heart tissue at the site of myocardial infarction induced by transverse aortic coarctation (TAC) or in heart tissue from sham control mice (Sham).
- Fig. 3 is a bar graph showing mRNA expression levels of the gene (Col1 ⁇ 1) and different isoforms P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2 of P4HA3 mRNA.
- the lower part of FIG. 24-1 shows type 1 ⁇ 1 collagen mRNA (Col1 ⁇ 1 ) and the mRNA expression levels of P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- FIG. 24-2 shows the 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen gene in the liver tissue (NASH) of NASH-induced mice fed with an ultra-high-fat choline-deficient methionine-reduced diet, or in the liver tissue (Ctrl) of control mice fed with a normal diet.
- Fig. 3 is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression levels of (Col1 ⁇ 1) and different isoforms of P4HA P4HA3, P4HA1 and P4HA2.
- FIG. 242 shows 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen mRNA (Col1 ⁇ 1) and 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen mRNA (Col1 ⁇ 1) in renal fibrosis model mouse renal lesions due to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or kidney tissue (Sham) of sham-treated control mice.
- UUO unilateral ureteral obstruction
- Sham kidney tissue
- FIGS. 24-1 and 24-2 the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, with the GAPDH mRNA expression level being 1.
- FIG. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n.p. s indicates no significant difference.
- P-values were calculated by Student's t-test. Error bars represent standard deviation.
- the expression level of P4HA3 mRNA in the treated group was 4 to 40 times stronger than that in the sham treated group.
- the mRNA expression levels of P4HA1 and P4HA2 in the treated group were only 0.8- to 4.5-fold higher than those in the sham-treated group. Therefore, even among the same P4HA alpha subunit isoforms, only P4HA3 was confirmed to be differentially expressed in response to fibrosis-associated factor mRNA expression in the treated groups.
- FIG. 25 shows fibrosis-related factors (P4HA1, P4HA2, P4HA3, 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 1), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen) in myofibroblasts isolated from the liver tissue of liver fibrosis model mice with liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride administration.
- Col1 ⁇ 2), 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1) and elastin (Eln) are bar graphs showing the effects of siCtrl, siP4HA1, siP4HA2 and siP4HA3 on gene expression.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- si P4HA1, si P4HA2 and si P4HA3 almost completely suppressed the expression of the P4HA1, P4HA2 and P4HA3 genes, respectively.
- TGF ⁇ /SMAD3 pathway involved in liver fibrosis It is known that hepatic stellate cells involved in liver fibrosis are activated by TGF ⁇ (Fabregat, I. et al., FEBS J. 283: 2219-2232 (2016)). Therefore, the effects of TGF ⁇ , its specific inhibitor SIS3, and an inhibitor of SMAD3 (si SMAD3) involved in signal transduction of the TGF ⁇ pathway on the mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors in NASH model mice were investigated.
- SIS3 (CAS number: 1009104-85-1) used catalog number 15945 from Cayman Chemical Company. SIS3 was added to the culture medium at a final concentration of 3 ⁇ M and administered.
- si SMAD3 was used as a SMAD3 knockdown reagent.
- si SMAD3 used Catalog No. 4390771 (Assay ID: s69495) from ThermoFisher Scientific.
- Administration of si-SMAD3 to cultured cells was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 3, 7 and 13.
- LX-2 which is a cultured hepatic stellate cell, was cultured in DMEM supplemented with 2% FBS.
- FIG. 26a is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression level of P4HA3 or type 1 ⁇ 1 collagen (Col1 ⁇ 1) in LX-2 treated with DMSO or TGF ⁇ (5 ng/mL) for 12 hours.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the Ctrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- the number of samples for each is three. Comparisons between groups were calculated by Tukey's range test after one-way analysis of variance.
- P4HA3, 1 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 1), 1 ⁇ 2 type in myofibroblasts isolated from liver tissue of liver fibrosis model mouse by administration of carbon tetrachloride and treated with SIS3, an inhibitor of TGF ⁇ /SMAD pathway 1 is a bar graph showing mRNA expression levels of collagen (Col1 ⁇ 2) and type 3 ⁇ 1 collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level. Each sample number is 5. Comparisons between groups were calculated by Tukey's range test after one-way analysis of variance. * indicates P ⁇ 0.05, ** indicates P ⁇ 0.01, *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001, n. s indicates no significant difference. As shown in Figure 26b, SIS3 suppressed mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated factors, including P4HA3.
- Fig. 26c shows SMAD3, P4HA3, 1 ⁇ type 1 collagen in myofibroblasts isolated from liver tissue of liver fibrosis model mice with hepatic injury due to carbon tetrachloride administration and transfected with siRNA against SMAD3 (siSmad3) or siCtrl.
- 1 is a bar graph showing the mRNA expression levels of (Col1 ⁇ 1), 1 ⁇ 2 type collagen (Col1 ⁇ 2), and 3 ⁇ 1 type collagen (Col3 ⁇ 1).
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of the mRNA expression level of each gene, where 1 is the value obtained by correcting the mRNA expression level of each gene in the siCtrl group with the GAPDH mRNA expression level.
- Each sample number is 5.
- siSmad3 which inhibits SMAD3 mRNA expression, also suppressed mRNA expression of fibrosis-associated factors, including P4HA3.
- the P4HA3 according to the present invention is regulated by the TGF ⁇ /SMAD3 pathway like other fibrosis-related factors.
- the present invention makes it possible to improve fibrotic diseases through suppression of mRNA expression of fibrosis-related factors.
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Abstract
Description
本発明において線維化疾患とは、線維状タンパク質の過剰産生によって引き起こされる臓器の物理的硬化を特徴とする全ての疾患をいう。線維化疾患には、筋梗塞、肝硬変の他、腎不全、肺その他の臓器の線維症と、一部の癌とを含むが、これらに限られない。正常な肝臓の弾性係数は約5kPaであるが、脂肪肝又は肝硬変の病変部分の弾性係数は約8~75kPaに増大する。また、正常な心臓の弾性係数は約10kPaであるが、心筋梗塞の病変部分の弾性係数は約35~70kPaに増大する。いずれの線維化疾患においても、臓器の物理的硬化が各臓器の機能低下をもたらす。臓器が物理的に硬化する原因は、コラーゲン、エラスチン等の細胞外マトリクス成分の線維状タンパク質が過剰に臓器に蓄積されるためである。そこで、前記線維状タンパク質を線維化関連因子いう。
本発明において、筋線維芽細胞で特異的に発現する遺伝子の探索は、当業者に周知のDNAマイクロアレイ解析と、1細胞解析(single-cell expression profiling)とにより行った(Luecken, M.D. & Theis, F.J. (2019) Molecular Systems Biology 15: e8746、Farbehi N. et al, (2019) eLife 2019;8:e43882.を参照せよ)。本発明の線維化疾患に係る1細胞解析では、臓器又は組織の細胞又は細胞核を解離し、個々の単離細胞を、例えば1個のドロップレットへの封入、マイクロウェルプレートの1個のウェルへの分取等により物理的に隔離する。個々のドロップレット又はウェルごとにはゲルビーズ1個を予め入れておく。各ゲルビーズは1個ずつそれぞれ異なるDNAバーコード、すなわち、分子識別子(unique molecular identifiers: UMI)を有する逆転写プライマーが固定化されている。各ドロップレット又はウェルでcDNA合成反応、cDNAライブラリ作成及びcDNA配列決定を行うと、個々の細胞由来のmRNAの3’末端にUMI由来の配列を含むcDNA配列データが得られる。得られたcDNA配列データを計算機解析に供する。1細胞解析には、10x Genomics社が販売するシングルセル遺伝子発現解析システム等と、Illumina社その他が販売する次世代シーケンサーとを用いることが多いが、これら以外の試薬、キット、機器及び/又はソフトウェアを用いてもかまわない。
本発明の1つの実施態様は、線維化疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物である。該医薬組成物は、プロリル4-ヒドロキシラーゼのα3サブユニット(P4HA3)をコードするmRNAの発現を阻害する核酸を含む。本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる核酸が発現を阻害するプロリル4-ヒドロキシラーゼのα3サブユニット(P4HA3)をコードするmRNAは、ヒトその他の霊長類と、マウスその他のげっ歯類とを含むが、これらに限定されない。本明細書では、ある遺伝子をコードするmRNAの発現を阻害する核酸により当該遺伝子のmRNA発現を阻害することをノックダウンといい、例えば、P4HA3をコードするmRNAの発現を阻害する核酸によりP4HA3のmRNA発現を阻害することをP4HA3ノックダウンという。
本発明のP4HA3をコードするmRNAの発現を阻害する核酸の実施態様としては、P4HA3をコードするmRNAに相補的なオリゴRNAとその相補鎖とからなる二本鎖RNA、即ちsiRNAが挙げられる。siRNAは、標的遺伝子のcDNA配列情報に基づいて、例えば、Elbashirら(Genes Dev., 15, 188-200 (2001))の提唱する規則に従って設計することができる。また、siRNAの前駆体であるショートヘアピンRNA(shRNA)は、ループ構造を形成しうる任意のリンカー配列(例えば、5-25塩基程度)を適宜選択し、siRNAのセンス鎖とアンチセンス鎖とを前記リンカー配列を介して連結することにより設計することができる。
配列番号1 マウスP4HA3に対するsiRNA#1(si P4HA3#1)のセンス鎖
配列番号2 マウスsi P4HA3#1のアンチセンス鎖
配列番号3 マウスP4HA3に対するsiRNA#2(si P4HA3#2)のセンス鎖
配列番号4 マウスsi P4HA3#2のアンチセンス鎖
配列番号5 配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列のうち配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列と完全に相補性のある配列
配列番号6 配列番号2のヌクレオチド配列のうち配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列と完全に相補性のある配列
配列番号7 配列番号3のヌクレオチド配列のうち配列番号4のヌクレオチド配列と完全に相補性のある配列
配列番号8 配列番号4のヌクレオチド配列のうち配列番号3のヌクレオチド配列と完全に相補性のある配列
配列番号9 ヒトP4HA3mRNAに対応するヌクレオチド配列 variant 1(NM_182904.5、全長ヌクレオチド2255個)
配列番号10 ヒトP4HA3mRNAに対応するヌクレオチド配列variant 2 (NM_001288748、全長ヌクレオチド2248個)
配列番号11 マウスP4HA3mRNAに対応するヌクレオチド配列(NM_177161.4、全長ヌクレオチド2361個)
配列番号12 マウスHsp47に対するsiRNA(si Hsp47)のセンス鎖
配列番号13 マウスHsp47に対するsiRNA(si Hsp47)のアンチセンス鎖
配列番号14 マウスSMAD3に対するsiRNA(si SMAD3)のセンス鎖
配列番号15 マウスSMAD3に対するsiRNA(si SMAD3)のアンチセンス鎖
P4HA3をコードするmRNAに対するアンチセンス核酸は、該mRNAのヌクレチド配列と相補的なヌクレオチド配列又はその一部を含む核酸であって、標的mRNAと特異的かつ安定した二重鎖を形成して結合することにより、タンパク質合成を抑制する機能を有するものである。アンチセンス核酸はDNAであってもRNAであってもよく、あるいはDNA/RNAキメラであってもよい。アンチセンス核酸がDNAの場合、標的RNAとアンチセンスDNAとによって形成されるRNA:DNAハイブリッドは、内在性RNase Hに認識されて標的RNAの選択的な分解を引き起こすことができる。アンチセンス核酸の標的領域は、該アンチセンス核酸がハイブリダイズすることにより、結果としてタンパク質への翻訳が阻害されるものであればその長さに特に制限はなく、タンパク質をコードするmRNAの全配列であっても部分配列であってもよく、短いもので約10塩基程度、長いものでmRNAもしくは初期転写産物の全配列が挙げられる。また、アンチセンス核酸は、標的mRNAや初期転写産物とハイブリダイズしてタンパク質への翻訳を阻害するだけでなく、二本鎖DNAであるこれらの遺伝子と結合して三重鎖(トリプレックス)を形成し、RNAへの転写を阻害し得るもの(アンチジーン)であってもよい。
P4HA3をコードするmRNAをコード領域の内部で特異的に切断し得るリボザイム核酸もまた、P4HA3をコードするmRNAの発現を抑制する核酸として使用することができる。「リボザイム」とは、狭義には、核酸を切断する酵素活性を有するRNAをいうが、本明細書では配列特異的な核酸切断活性を有する限りDNAをも包含する概念として用いるものとする。リボザイム核酸として最も汎用性の高いものとしては、ウイロイドやウイルソイド等の感染性RNAに見られるセルフスプライシングRNAがあり、ハンマーヘッド型やヘアピン型等が知られている。リボザイムを、それをコードするDNAを含む発現ベクターの形態で使用する場合には、転写産物の細胞質への移行を促進するために、tRNAを改変した配列をさらに連結したハイブリッドリボザイムとすることもできる。
P4HA3をコードするmRNAを標的とするマイクロRNA(miRNA)もまた、P4HA3をコードするmRNAに相補的に結合してmRNAの翻訳を抑制するか、あるいはmRNAを分解することにより、転写後にP4HA3の発現を抑制する核酸として使用することができる。P4HA3をコードするmRNAを標的とするmiRNAの配列は、種々のwebサイト上に無料で提供される検索ソフトを用いて検索が可能である。このようなサイトとしては、例えば、米国ホワイトヘッド研究所が公開しているTargetScan(http://www.targetscan.org/vert_80/)等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。P4HA3をコードするmRNAを標的とするmiRNAには、例えば、hsa-miR-335-5p(MIRT018485)、hsa-miR-124-3p(MIRT022868)、mmu-miR-466i-5p(MIRT586397)、mmu-miR-466k(MIRT586399)、及び、mmu-miR-466d-5p(MIRT586400)が含まれる。
本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる核酸送達担体であり、本発明の医薬組成物に含まれる核酸を担持することができ、かつ該核酸を細胞内に送達し得るものである限り、その構造、構成分子、核酸の担持形態に特に制限はない。代表的な核酸のドラッグデリバリーシステム(DDS)としては、正電荷を持つカチオン性リポソームやカチオン性ポリマー等を担体として利用し、それらと核酸との静電的相互作用に基づいて形成された複合体が挙げられる。該複合体は負に荷電した細胞膜に結合した後、吸着性エンドサイトーシスにより細胞内に取り込まれる。
本発明の発明者らは、まず、心筋梗塞の実験的発症のモデル動物を用いて、偽処置群と比較して心筋梗塞処置群の心臓において発現量が顕著に増加するタンパク質を探索し、さらに、筋線維芽細胞において周囲の硬さ(機械的刺激)依存的に発現量が変動する分子を絞り込んだ。
心筋梗塞の疾患モデルマウスはNakaya, M. et al.(J Clin Invest. 2017;127(1):383-401.)に記載のとおり行った。簡潔には、マウスにおいて急性心筋梗塞を発症させるために、マウスをソムノペンチル注射液(50mg/kg ペントバルビタールナトリウム)の腹腔内注射で麻酔し、カニューレを気管に挿入した。左側肋間の切開により開胸し、心臓を吸引して胸腔内から脱出させて、左冠状動脈前下行枝を6mm絹ブレード縫合糸で結紮した。偽処置群(sham)では、開胸及び心臓の胸腔内からの脱出は行うが、結紮は行わなかった。処置群、偽処置群ともに、心臓を胸腔に戻して、閉胸した。
つぎに、P4HA3のmRNA発現抑制が他の線維化関連因子のmRNA発現に与える影響を調べた。心筋梗塞の疾患モデルマウスの梗塞領域からの筋線維芽細胞の培養は前出のNakaya, M. et al.(2017)のとおり行った。簡潔には、冠状動脈結紮処置後3日目に、処置群マウスの心室を、0.1%コラゲナーゼA(Roche Diagnostics社)と0.1%トリプシン(Sigma-Aldrich社)とを含むPBSを用いて、37℃で攪拌しながら消化した。細胞を10% FBS/DMEMを含むプレートに一晩置き、その後、培養液を交換して付着していない細胞を除去した。付着した細胞は6日以上培養し、以下の実験で筋線維芽細胞として使用した。筋線維芽細胞は、P1(passage 1)の筋線維芽細胞を使用した。筋線維芽細胞には,Lipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen)を用いてsiRNAをトランスフェクトした。用いたsi P4HA3は、ThermoFisher Scientific社のカタログ番号4390771(Assay ID:s115723)を前記筋線維芽細胞の培養に3.125nMの最終濃度で添加した。対照siRNAとして用いたsi Ctrlは、ThermoFisher Scientific社のカタログ番号4390843を前記筋線維芽細胞の培養に3.125nMの最終濃度で添加した。siRNA処理後の筋線維芽細胞におけるP4HA3等のmRNA発現量の定量は実施例2と同様に行った。
P4HA3の線維症への関与が心筋梗塞に限られないことを確認するため、肺線維症、脂肪肝及び慢性腎不全の疾患モデルマウスを用いて以下の実験を行った。なお、P4HA3等のmRNA発現量の定量は実施例2と同様に行った。
次に、四塩化炭素投与による一過性肝臓線維化モデルマウスと、飼料によるNASHモデルマウスとを用いて、P4HA3及び線維化関連因子のmRNA発現を調べた。
四塩化炭素投与による一過性肝臓線維化モデルマウスを用いて、P4HA3が筋線維芽細胞でだけ発現するかどうかを調べた。
実施例3と同様に、四塩化炭素投与開始4週間後の肝臓から単離した培養筋線維芽細胞において、P4HA3のmRNA発現抑制が他の線維化関連因子のmRNA発現に与える影響を調べた。四塩化炭素(CCl4)誘導性肝臓線維化モデルマウスから肝臓を摘出し、肝臓を細かく分割した。その後、Washing buffer[25mM HEPES/500nM EDTA/HBSS(-)]を用いて洗浄し、肝臓片をDigestion buffer[0.1% Collagenase A/15mM HEPES/HBSS(-)]中で37℃、30分間の振盪を3回行うことにより、筋線維芽細胞を含む細胞液を回収した。その後、Red Blood Cell Lysis Bufferによって血球成分を除去し、10% FBS/1% Penicillin-Streptomycin/DMEMで細胞を懸濁した後に、培養プレートに細胞を播種した。6時間後に培地交換を行い、非接着系の細胞やデブリスの除去を行なった。その後一晩、CO2インキュベータで培養させた後に、再度、非接着系の細胞をPBS洗浄によって取り除き、Accutaseにより接着した細胞を回収した。磁気ビーズ標識されたCD45抗体で20分間反応させ、LSカラムを用いたMACS(磁気細胞分離法)により、CD45陽性の血球系細胞を除去し、CD45陰性の細胞を筋線維芽細胞として回収した。その後、FACS verseを用いて単離した筋線維芽細胞の純度を測定したところ、MACS後のCD45陰性細胞のほとんど全てが、筋線維芽細胞マーカーであるα-SMA陽性であり、血球系細胞の混入はほとんど認められなかった。si P4HA3#1及びsi P4HA3#2は、それぞれ、ThermoFisher Scientific社のカタログ番号4390771及び4390771(Assay ID:s115723及びs115721)を前記筋線維芽細胞の培養にLipofectamine RNAiMAX(Invitrogen)を用いて3.125nMの最終濃度で添加した。実施例3のようにsi P4HA3#2を使わない実験では、si P4HA3#1を「si P4HA3」として用いた。siRNAの対照実験には、Silencer Select Negative Control no. 1 siRNA (ThermoFisher Scientific社、カタログ番号:4390843)をsi Ctrlとして用いた。si P4HA3#1のセンス鎖及びアンチセンス鎖のヌクレオチド配列は本明細書に添付する配列表に、それぞれ、配列番号1及び2として列挙する。si P4HA3#2のセンス鎖及びアンチセンス鎖のヌクレオチド配列は本明細書に添付する配列表に、それぞれ、配列番号3及び4として列挙する。
実施例4と同様に行って作成したブレオマイシン投与肺線維症モデルマウスにおいて、P4HA3の他複数の線維化関連因子のmRNA発現を調べた。P4HA3等のmRNA発現量の定量は実施例2と同様に行った。
ブレオマイシンによる肺線維化モデルマウスを用いて、P4HA3が筋線維芽細胞でだけ発現するかどうかを調べた。
ブレオマイシン投与肺線維症モデルマウスから分画された筋線維芽細胞を用いて、実施例3と同様に線維化関連因子のmRNA発現へのP4HA3ノックダウンの効果を調べた。
片側尿管閉塞(UUO)により線維化したマウス腎臓におけるP4HA3及び線維化関連因子の発現をin situハイブリダイゼーション法及び蛍光免疫組織化学法により調べた。図12-1は、片側尿管閉塞(UUO)により線維化を起こした腎の長軸を含む冠状断模式図である。尿管結紮による物理的な圧力により、偽処置群(sham)の腎と比較して皮質及び髄質を合わせた実質が薄くなっている。また、腎髄質の尿管近縁領域はα-SMAの発現が最も強く、腎皮質の皮質隣接領域に比べてコラーゲンの発現は弱い。逆に、腎皮質の皮質隣接領域はコラーゲンの発現が最も強く、腎髄質の尿管近縁領域に比べてα-SMAの発現は弱い。i~viは腎臓組織切片の位置を示す。
次にP4HA3欠損遺伝子のホモ個体のマウス(以下、「P4HA3ノックアウトマウス」という。)における肝の線維化について調べた。
本実施例では、P4HA3のノックダウン治療の薬効を、既に臨床治験第II相に入っている肝線維化症及び肝硬変の治療薬候補のHsp47のノックダウン治療の薬効と比較した。
線維化疾患には、心筋梗塞、肝硬変、肺線維症等の臓器の線維化疾患だけでなく、癌のうち病巣の物理的硬化を伴うものも含まれる。そこで、P4HA3遺伝子の発現が癌の予後不良因子となる可能性を検討した。
プロリル4-ヒドロキシラーゼのアルファサブユニットには、P4HA3の他にアルファ1サブユニット(P4HA1)及びアルファ2サブユニット(P4HA2)が存在する。そこで、これらのアイソフォームの間で遺伝子発現の変動及び発現細胞に違いがあるかどうかを調べた。
肝臓の線維化に関与する肝星細胞はTGFβによって活性化されることが知られている(Fabregat, I.ら、FEBS J.、283: 2219-2232 (2016))。そこで、TGFβ及びその特異的阻害剤であるSIS3、並びにTGFβ経路のシグナル伝達に関与するSMAD3の阻害剤(si SMAD3)のNASHモデルマウスにおける線維化関連因子のmRNA発現に与える影響を調べた。SIS3(CAS番号:1009104-85-1)は、Cayman Chemical Company社のカタログ番号15945を用いた。SIS3は最終濃度3μMで培養液に添加して投与した。SMAD3のノックダウン試薬として、si SMAD3を用いた。si SMAD3は、ThermoFisher Scientific社のカタログ番号4390771(Assay ID:s69495)を用いた。si SMAD3の培養細胞への投与は実施例3、7及び13と同様に行った。肝星細胞の培養細胞であるLX-2は2%FBSを添加したDMEMで培養した。
Claims (8)
- プロリル4-ヒドロキシラーゼのアルファ3サブユニット(P4HA3)をコードするmRNAの発現を阻害する核酸を含む、線維化疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- 前記線維化疾患は、線維症、肝硬変、腎不全、心筋梗塞及び癌からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの疾患である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記核酸は、P4HA3をコードするmRNAの少なくとも一部と相補性を有するヌクレオチド配列を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記核酸はsiRNA又はアンチセンス核酸である、請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記siRNAは、配列番号9~11のいずれか1つの配列のうち少なくとも15個の連続する配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドと、該オリゴヌクレオチドの少なくとも15個の連続する配列と相補的な配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドとからなるsiRNAである、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記siRNAは、配列番号5の配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドと配列番号6の配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドとの対か、配列番号7の配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドと配列番号8の配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチドとの対かである、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記siRNAは、配列番号1の配列からなるオリゴヌクレオチドと配列番号2の配列からなるオリゴヌクレオチドとの対か、配列番号3の配列からなるオリゴヌクレオチドと配列番号4の配列からなるオリゴヌクレオチドとの対かである、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 筋線維芽細胞に特異的に吸着するリポソームを含み、該リポソームは前記核酸を内包する、請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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