WO2023031530A1 - Puce photonique pourvue d'un ou deux modulateurs mach zehnder - Google Patents
Puce photonique pourvue d'un ou deux modulateurs mach zehnder Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023031530A1 WO2023031530A1 PCT/FR2022/051427 FR2022051427W WO2023031530A1 WO 2023031530 A1 WO2023031530 A1 WO 2023031530A1 FR 2022051427 W FR2022051427 W FR 2022051427W WO 2023031530 A1 WO2023031530 A1 WO 2023031530A1
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- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- optical
- output
- input
- branch
- Prior art date
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001125929 Trisopterus luscus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/212—Mach-Zehnder type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
- G02F1/025—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction in an optical waveguide structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/20—Intrinsic phase difference, i.e. optical bias, of an optical modulator; Methods for the pre-set thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/70—Semiconductor optical amplifier [SOA] used in a device covered by G02F
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of photonics and more particularly integrated photonic chips.
- the invention relates to a photonic chip provided with a Mach Zehnder modulator and for which the insertion losses are compensated by two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials.
- the optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials are arranged in such a way as to limit the negative effects relating to the amplification of an intensity modulated optical signal.
- Figure 1 represents a Mach Zehnder 1 device known from the state of the art.
- the Mach Zehnder 1 device notably comprises two modulation branches, called first branch 2 and second branch 3, connected by one of their ends by an optical input 4 and by the other of their ends by an optical output 5.
- the two modulation branches 2 and 3 are arranged so that a light radiation injected at the level of the optical input 4 is divided into a first radiation and a second radiation guided, respectively, by the first branch 2 and the second branch 3, and so that said first radiation and said second radiation are recombined at the optical output.
- the device is also provided with two phase modulators, called first modulator 6 and second modulator 7 intended to impose a phase shift, respectively, on the first radiation and on the second radiation before their recombination at the level of the optical output 5.
- first modulator 6 and second modulator 7 intended to impose a phase shift, respectively, on the first radiation and on the second radiation before their recombination at the level of the optical output 5.
- the modification of the phase of one and/or the other of the first and second radiation makes it possible in particular to modulate the intensity of the recombined radiation at the output of the Mach Zehnder device.
- Mach Zehnder 1 device is subject to losses, and more particularly to losses linked to the losses of the phase modulators 6 and 7, which reduce its performance.
- the optical gain G of an optical amplifier with semiconductor materials is not linear. More particularly, the optical gain G decreases when the optical power injected at the input of said amplifier increases so that the power delivered at the output of the optical amplifier with semiconductor materials cannot exceed a saturation power. This nonlinear behavior thus gives rise to distortions of the intensity modulated signal amplified by the SOA.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a photonic chip provided with at least one Mach Zehnder modulator whose optical signal can be amplified without imposing distortion of the modulated signal.
- a photonic chip comprising: - a support substrate provided with a front face;
- each of the two modulation branches comprises a modulation section formed by a waveguide, called modulation waveguide, and a modulation element, advantageously the modulation element comprises at least one electrode , the modulation element being configured to modulate the phase of a radiation capable of being guided by the modulation waveguide, the second branch also comprising a phase shift module configured to impose a fixed phase shift on a light radiation capable to be guided by said second branch.
- the Mach Zehnder modulator or modulators comprise a single Mach Zehnder modulator, the first branch and the second branch of the single Mach Zehnder modulator being connected, by one of their ends, by the optical input and , by the other of their ends, by the optical output so that the first radiation and the second radiation are guided, respectively, by the first branch and by the second branch.
- the at least two semiconductor material optical amplifiers comprise a first amplifier and a second amplifier arranged respectively on the first branch and on the second branch, the first amplifier and the second amplifier being configured to amplify, respectively, the first radiation and the second radiation.
- the semiconductor material amplifier of a modulation branch is arranged downstream of the modulation section of the modulation branch considered.
- the semiconductor material amplifier of a modulation branch is arranged upstream of the modulation section of the modulation branch considered.
- the Mach Zehnder modulator(s) comprises two Mach Zehnder modulators called, respectively, modulator I and modulator Q so that the photonic chip forms an IQ modulator, the first branch and the second branch of the modulator I being connected, by one of their ends, by an intermediate optical input called input I, and, by the other of their ends, by an intermediate optical output called output I, the first branch and the second branch of the modulator Q being connected, by one of their ends, by another intermediate optical input called Q input, and, by the other of their ends, by another intermediate optical output called Q output.
- said photonic chip comprises a radiation splitter and a radiation combiner, the radiation splitter comprising two waveguides called, respectively, input guide I and input guide Q, the waveguide input I and the input Q guide connecting the optical input with, respectively, the input I and the input Q, so that the first radiation and the second radiation are injected at the level of, respectively, the input I and the Q input, the radiation combiner comprising two waveguides called, respectively, output guide I and output guide Q, the output guide I and the output guide Q connecting the optical output with, respectively, the output I and output Q.
- the at least two semiconductor material optical amplifiers comprise a first amplifier I, a second amplifier I, a first amplifier Q and a second amplifier Q, the first amplifier I, the second amplifier I are arranged respectively on the first branch and on the second branch of the modulator I, while the first amplifier Q and the second Q amplifier are arranged respectively on the first branch and on the second branch of the Q modulator.
- the semiconductor material optical amplifier of a modulation branch of a Mach Zehnder modulator is arranged between the modulation section of the modulation branch considered and the intermediate optical output of said Mach Zehnder modulator.
- the semiconductor material optical amplifier of a modulation branch of a Mach Zehnder modulator is arranged between the modulation section of the modulation branch in question and the intermediate optical input of said Mach Zehnder modulator .
- the at least two semiconductor material optical amplifiers comprise an I amplifier and a Q amplifier carried, respectively, by the I output guide and the Q output guide.
- said photonic chip further comprises another phase shift module configured to impose another fixed phase shift on light radiation between the output Q and the optical output.
- the modulation waveguide comprises silicon, advantageously doped silicon, even more advantageously a PN junction along the silicon waveguide.
- the at least two semiconductor material optical amplifiers comprise a waveguide made of III-V semiconductor materials.
- FIG.1 is a schematic representation of a Mach Zehnder 1 device known from the state of the art
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a Mach Zehnder device that can be implemented in the context of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a support substrate on one face of which rests the waveguide layer, and according to a section plane perpendicular to the front face;
- FIG.4 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip according to a first variant of a first embodiment of the present invention, the photonic chip according to this first embodiment comprises in particular a single Mach Zehnder modulator and two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials;
- FIG.5 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip according to a second variant of the first embodiment of the present invention, the photonic chip according to this first embodiment comprises in particular a single Mach Zehnder modulator and two amplifiers semiconductor material optics;
- FIG.6 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip according to a first variant of a second embodiment of the present invention, the photonic chip according to this second embodiment comprises in particular two Mach Zehnder modulators and four semiconductor material optical amplifiers;
- FIG.7 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip according to a second variant of a second embodiment of the present invention, the photonic chip according to this second embodiment comprises in particular two Mach Zehnder modulators and four semiconductor material optical amplifiers;
- Figure 8 shows the photonic chip of Figure 7 associated with an intermediate module
- FIG.9 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the photonic chip according to this third embodiment realization includes in particular two Mach Zehnder modulators and two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials.
- the present invention relates to a photonic chip, and more particularly a photonic chip provided with one or two Mach Zehnder modulators formed on and/or in a layer, called the waveguide layer, resting on a front face of a support substrate.
- the Mach Zehnder modulator or modulators are arranged between an optical input and an optical output, so that a light radiation injected at the level of the optical input is divided into a first radiation and a second radiation intended to be guided by the Mach Zehnder modulator(s), and are then recombined at the optical output.
- the photonic chip comprises at least two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials arranged to separately amplify the first radiation and the second radiation before their recombination at the optical output.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a Mach Zehnder 100 modulator capable of being implemented within the framework of the present invention.
- the Mach Zehnder modulator 100 can be formed on or in a layer, called the waveguide layer 200 resting on a front face 310 of a support substrate 300 (FIG. 3).
- the support substrate 300 can comprise any type of material, and more particularly a semiconductor material.
- the semiconductor material may comprise silicon, or a III-V semiconductor.
- the support substrate 300 may comprise a piezoelectric material and in particular lithium niobate (LiNbCh).
- the waveguide layer 200 can comprise a dielectric material, for example silicon dioxide.
- a Mach Zehnder modulator comprises two modulation branches called, respectively, first branch 101 and second branch 102.
- the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 are connected, by one of their ends, by an intermediate optical input 103, and, by the other of their ends, by an intermediate optical output 104.
- first branch 101 and the second branch 102 each comprise a waveguide called, respectively, first waveguide 101a and second waveguide 102a.
- the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 each comprise a modulation section called, respectively, first modulation section 105 and second modulation section 106.
- the modulation section of a given modulation branch is configured to modulate the phase of a light radiation likely to be guided by the modulation branch considered.
- a modulation section of a modulation branch may in particular comprise a section of the waveguide of said branch, called modulation waveguide, and an electrode intended to impose an electric potential on said modulation waveguide.
- a modulation section is in particular configured so that an electric potential imposed by the electrode on the modulation waveguide modifies the refractive index of the modulation waveguide considered.
- This index modification makes it possible to impose a phase shift on light radiation likely to be guided by the modulation section considered.
- the modulating waveguide may comprise a doped silicon guide, and more particularly a silicon waveguide accommodating a PN junction.
- Such a waveguide has a refractive index capable of being modulated as a function of an electric potential which is imposed on it.
- Document [3] cited at the end of the description provides an example that those skilled in the art can implement in the context of the present invention. However, the invention is not limited to these aspects alone, and those skilled in the art may consider other solutions.
- the first modulation waveguide 108 and the second modulation waveguide 110 can comprise a III-V semiconductor or even LiNbCL, for example transferred by bonding onto the substrate .
- the modulation waveguide and the electrode of the first modulation section 105 called, respectively, first modulation guide 108 and first electrode 109, make it possible to impose a phase modulation, called first phase shift, on a radiation light guided by the first hip 101.
- This first phase shift is notably modulated by the electric potential, called first potential, imposed by the first electrode 109.
- the modulation waveguide and the electrode of the second modulation section 106 make it possible to impose a phase modulation, called second phase shift, at light radiation guided by the second hip 102.
- This second phase shift is notably modulated by the electric potential, called second potential, imposed by the second electrode 111.
- the first potential and the second potential can be equal to, respectively, u(t)/2 and -u(t)/2.
- the phase shift imposed by the first modulation section 105 and by the second modulation section 106 are equal to, respectively, Mu(t)/2 and ⁇ Mu(t)/2 (M is an efficiency factor of a modulator).
- the second branch 102 can also comprise a phase shift module 107 configured to impose a fixed phase shift O on light radiation likely to be guided by said second branch 102 which is added to the phase shift -Mu(t)/2.
- a light radiation, of intensity Pin, injected at the intermediate optical input 103 is divided into two radiations intended to be guided, respectively, by the first branch 101 and the second branch 102.
- the radiation guided by the first branch 101 undergoes a phase shift equal to Mu(t)/2
- the radiation guided by the second branch 102 undergoes a phase shift equal to -Mu(t)/2 + O.
- These two radiations guided by, respectively, the first branch 101 and the second branch 102 are then recombined at the intermediate optical output 104 to form an output radiation of intensity Pout.
- a modulation branch of a Mach Zehnder modulator forms an optical path devoid of branching.
- light radiation injected at the intermediate optical input of a Mach Zehnder modulator only undergoes a single division.
- the Mach Zehnder modulator 100 described above is integrated in a photonic chip 10 which is the subject of the present invention. More particularly, the photonic chip 10 according to the present invention comprises one or two Mach Zehnder 100 modulators whose modulation branches are arranged between an optical input 112 and an optical output 113 so that a light radiation injected at the level of the input optical is divided into a first radiation and a second radiation intended to be guided by the Mach Zehnder 100 modulator(s), and are then recombined at the optical output.
- the photonic chip 10 comprises at least two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials arranged to separately amplify the first radiation and the second radiation before their recombination at the optical output.
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a photonic chip 10 according to a first variant of a first embodiment of the present invention and implementing a Mach Zehnder 100 modulator as described before.
- the photonic chip 10 comprises a single Mach Zehnder modulator 100 and for which the fixed phase shift O is equal to r/2.
- the optical input 112 and the optical output 113 coincide, respectively, with the intermediate optical input 103 and the intermediate optical output 104.
- radiation injected, for example by a laser source 400, at the level of the input optical 112 is divided into a first radiation and a second radiation.
- the first radiation is then guided in the first branch 101 to have a phase shift equal to Mu(t)/2 imposed.
- the second radiation is guided in the second branch 102 and is imposed a phase shift equal to ⁇ Mu(t)/2+n/2.
- the photonic chip 10 further comprises two optical amplifiers with semi-conductor materials called, respectively, first amplifier 114 and second amplifier 115 that are substantially identical.
- the first amplifier 114 is arranged on the first branch 101, while the second amplifier 115 is arranged on the second branch 102.
- the first amplifier 114 and the second amplifier 115 are thus arranged to amplify according to a gain G, respectively, the first radiation and the second radiation.
- an optical amplifier with semiconductor materials into a waveguide is described in document [1] cited at the end of the description.
- such an optical amplifier using semiconductor materials can comprise a multi quantum well formed from layers of InGaAsP.
- this optical amplifier with semiconductor materials can form a hybrid waveguide coupled with the waveguide of the modulation branch.
- This coupling may involve a transition section, and in particular a tapered waveguide (“tapped waveguide” according to Anglo-Saxon terminology). More particularly, the coupling can be adiabatic as described in document [4] cited at the end of the description.
- an optical amplifier with semiconductor materials can be glued or formed by epitaxy on a waveguide, and in particular a silicon waveguide.
- the optical amplifier with semiconductor materials of a modulation branch is arranged downstream of the modulation section of the modulation branch considered.
- the first amplifier 114 is placed between the first modulation section 105 and the intermediate optical output 103
- the second amplifier 115 is placed between the second modulation section 106 and the intermediate optical output 104.
- Figure 5 illustrates a second variant of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical amplifier with semiconductor materials of a modulation branch is arranged upstream of the modulation section of the modulation branch considered.
- the first amplifier 114 is arranged between the intermediate optical input 103 and the first modulation section 105, while that the second amplifier is arranged between the intermediate optical input 103 and the second modulation section 106.
- optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials makes it possible to amplify light radiation modulated in phase only, and not in intensity as described in document [1] cited at the end of the description. .
- this arrangement makes it possible to limit, or even prevent, the effects of non-linearity of optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials.
- the present invention also relates to a second embodiment.
- Figure 6 illustrates a first variant of the second embodiment.
- the photonic chip according to this second embodiment comprises two Mach Zehnder 100 modulators called, respectively, identical I modulator 100a and Q modulator 100b so that the photonic chip 10 forms an IQ modulator.
- the I modulator 100a and the Q modulation 100b essentially repeat the architecture of the Mach Zehnder 100 modulator of the first variant of the first embodiment.
- first branch 101a and the second branch 102a of the modulator I 100a are connected, by one of their ends, by the intermediate optical input called input I 103a, and by the other of their ends, by the intermediate optical output, said exit I 104a.
- first branch 101b and the second branch 102b of the Q modulator 100b are connected, by one of their ends, by the intermediate optical input called Q input 103b, and by the other of their ends, by the optical output intermediate, called output Q 104b.
- the first branch 101a and the second branch 102a of modulator I also comprise, respectively, the first modulation section 105a and second modulation section 106a.
- the first branch 101b and the second branch 102b of the Q modulator also comprise, respectively, the first modulation section 105b and the second modulation section 106b.
- the second branch 102a and the second branch 102b each comprise a phase shift module, called, respectively, I module 107a and Q module 107b.
- the I module 107a and the Q module 107b are configured to impose a phase shift O equal to n.
- the photonic chip 10 further comprises four optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials called first I amplifier 114a, second I amplifier 115a, first Q amplifier 114b and second Q amplifier 115b.
- first amplifier I 114a, the second amplifier I 115a are arranged respectively on the first branch 101a and on the second branch 102a of the modulator I 100a.
- first Q amplifier 114b and the second Q amplifier 115b are arranged respectively on the first branch 101b and on the second branch 102b of the Q modulator 100b.
- the semiconductor material optical amplifier of a modulation branch of a Mach Zehnder modulator is arranged between the modulation section of the modulation branch considered and the output intermediate optics of said Mach Zehnder modulator.
- the first I amplifier 114a is arranged between the first modulation section 105a and the I output 104a.
- the second I amplifier 115a is arranged between the second modulation section 106a and the I output 104a.
- the first Q amplifier 114b is disposed between the first modulation section 105b and the Q output 104b.
- the second Q amplifier 115b is disposed between the second modulation section 106b and the Q output 104b.
- the photonic chip 10 includes a radiation splitter 116 and a radiation combiner 117.
- the radiation splitter 116 comprises two waveguides called, respectively, the I input guide 116a and the Q input guide 116b.
- the I input guide 116a connects the optical input 112 with the I input 103a, of the I modulator 110a.
- the Q input guide 116b connects the optical input 112 with the Q input 103b, of the I modulator 110b.
- the radiation combiner 117 comprises two waveguides called, respectively, output guide I 117a and output guide Q 117b.
- the output guide I 117a connects the optical output 113 with the output I 104a.
- the Q output guide 117b connects the optical output 113 with the Q output 104b of the Q modulator 100b.
- the photonic chip can include another phase shift module 118 configured to impose another fixed phase shift O′ equal to /2 on light radiation between the Q output 104b and the optical output 113.
- a light radiation injected at the level of the optical input 112, for example by the laser 400 is divided into two radiations called first radiation and second radiation injected at the level of, respectively, the input I and the input Q.
- the first radiation is modulated by the I modulator, to form a first modulated radiation
- the second radiation is modulated by the Q modulator to form a second modulated radiation.
- the radiation combiner 117 then combines the first modulated radiation and the second modulated radiation into an output radiation.
- optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials makes it possible to amplify light radiation modulated in phase only, and not in intensity as described in document [1] cited at the end of the description. In other words, this arrangement makes it possible to limit, or even prevent, the effects of non-linearity of optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials.
- the second embodiment also comprises a second variant illustrated in FIG. 7 which differs from the first variant in that the semiconductor material optical amplifier of a modulation branch of a Mach Zehnder modulator is arranged between the section modulation of the modulation branch considered and the intermediate optical input of said Mach Zehnder modulator.
- the first amplifier I 114a is arranged between the input I 103a and the first modulation section 105a.
- the second I amplifier 115a is disposed between the I input 103a and the second modulation section 106a.
- the first Q amplifier 114b is disposed between the Q input 103b and the first modulation section 105b.
- the second Q amplifier 115b is disposed between the Q input 103b and the second modulation section 106b.
- the arrangement relating to this second variant is particularly advantageous when the light radiation likely to be injected at the level of the optical input 112 has a reduced intensity.
- an intermediate module 500 (FIG. 8) can be interposed between the source 400 and the optical input 112.
- the intermediate module 500 comprises a first radiation splitter 501, a second radiation splitter 502, a local oscillator 503, and a TM 504 modulator.
- the first radiation splitter 501 is configured to divide light radiation, emitted by the laser, into two first intermediate radiation. One of these two radiations is injected into the local oscillator 503, while the second oscillator receives the other of these first two intermediate radiations. The latter is in turn divided by the second radiation splitter 502 into two second intermediate radiations. One of these two second intermediate radiations is injected into the TM modulator 504, while the optical input 112 receives the other of these two second intermediate radiations.
- the losses in the radiation splitters are significant.
- the implementation of the four optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials is therefore particularly advantageous.
- optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials makes it possible to amplify light radiation modulated in phase only, and not in intensity as described in document [1] cited at the end of the description. In other words, this arrangement makes it possible to limit, or even to prevent the effects of non-linearity of optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials.
- FIG. 9 represents the photonic chip 10 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- This third embodiment differs from the first variant of the second embodiment in that said chip comprises only two optical amplifiers with semiconductor materials called, respectively, amplifier I 114c and a Q amplifier 115c, and carried, respectively, by the I output guide 117a and the Q output guide 117b.
- This third embodiment is advantageous when the I modulator and the Q modulator are used only as phase modulators to produce a so-called ‘phase shift keying’ constellation.
- the light rays, at the level of the I output 104a and of the Q output 104b, are not modulated in intensity.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/684,977 US20240369896A1 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-07-18 | Photonic chip provided with one or two mach-zehnder modulators |
JP2024513485A JP2024531514A (ja) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-07-18 | 1つ又は2つのマッハツェンダ変調器が設けられたフォトニックチップ |
EP22754483.0A EP4396629A1 (fr) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-07-18 | Puce photonique pourvue d'un ou deux modulateurs mach zehnder |
CN202280058384.5A CN117916653A (zh) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-07-18 | 设置有一个或两个马赫-曾德尔调制器的光子芯片 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FRFR2109069 | 2021-08-31 | ||
FR2109069A FR3126510A1 (fr) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Puce photonique pourvue d’un ou deux modulateurs mach zehnder |
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WO2023031530A1 true WO2023031530A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 |
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JP (1) | JP2024531514A (fr) |
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Citations (3)
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EP0795778A1 (fr) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-09-17 | France Telecom | Dispositif optique non-linéaire de traitement de signaux optiques |
US9344196B1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2016-05-17 | Freedom Photonics, Llc. | Integrated interferometric optical transmitter |
US20160357086A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Optical modulator |
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2021
- 2021-08-31 FR FR2109069A patent/FR3126510A1/fr active Pending
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2022
- 2022-07-18 CN CN202280058384.5A patent/CN117916653A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-18 WO PCT/FR2022/051427 patent/WO2023031530A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-07-18 JP JP2024513485A patent/JP2024531514A/ja active Pending
- 2022-07-18 US US18/684,977 patent/US20240369896A1/en active Pending
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EP0795778A1 (fr) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-09-17 | France Telecom | Dispositif optique non-linéaire de traitement de signaux optiques |
US9344196B1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2016-05-17 | Freedom Photonics, Llc. | Integrated interferometric optical transmitter |
US20160357086A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Optical modulator |
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BONK R ET AL: "Linear semiconductor optical amplifiers for amplification of advanced modulation formats", OPTICS EXPRESS OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA USA, vol. 20, no. 9, 23 April 2012 (2012-04-23), pages 9657 - 9672, XP002806171, ISSN: 1094-4087, DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.009657 * |
DATABASE INSPEC [online] THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, STEVENAGE, GB; 23 April 2012 (2012-04-23), BONK R ET AL: "Linear semiconductor optical amplifiers for amplification of advanced modulation formats", XP002807722, Database accession no. 12734845 * |
G. T. REED ET AL: "Silicon optical modulators", NATURE PHOTONICS, vol. 4, no. 8, 1 August 2010 (2010-08-01), London, pages 518 - 526, XP055334361, ISSN: 1749-4885, DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2010.179 * |
HIRAKI TATSUROU ET AL: "Membrane InGaAsP Mach-Zehnder Modulator Integrated With Optical Amplifier on Si Platform", JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, IEEE, USA, vol. 38, no. 11, 2 March 2020 (2020-03-02), pages 3030 - 3036, XP011790451, ISSN: 0733-8724, [retrieved on 20200527], DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2020.2977426 * |
OPTICS EXPRESS OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA USA, vol. 20, no. 9, 23 April 2012 (2012-04-23), pages 9657 - 9672, ISSN: 1094-4087, DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.009657 * |
R. BONK ET AL.: "Linear semiconductor optical amplifiers for amplification of advanced modulation formats", OPT. EXPRESS, vol. 20, 2012, pages 9657 - 9672, XP002806171, DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.009657 |
REED, G ET AL.: "Silicon optical modulators", NATURE PHOTON, vol. 4, 2010, pages 518 - 526, XP055334361, DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2010.179 |
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T. HIRAKI ET AL.: "Membrane InGaAsP Mach-Zehnder Modulator Integrated With Optical Amplifier on Si Platform", J. LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL., vol. 38, 2020, pages 3030 - 3036, XP011790451, DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2020.2977426 |
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FR3126510A1 (fr) | 2023-03-03 |
JP2024531514A (ja) | 2024-08-29 |
US20240369896A1 (en) | 2024-11-07 |
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