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WO2023093269A1 - 一种车辆mcu失效控制电路及方法 - Google Patents

一种车辆mcu失效控制电路及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093269A1
WO2023093269A1 PCT/CN2022/121322 CN2022121322W WO2023093269A1 WO 2023093269 A1 WO2023093269 A1 WO 2023093269A1 CN 2022121322 W CN2022121322 W CN 2022121322W WO 2023093269 A1 WO2023093269 A1 WO 2023093269A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
voltage
failure
state
voltage signal
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PCT/CN2022/121322
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨土超
赖瑞福
陈文庆
莫映功
Original Assignee
广州汽车集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广州汽车集团股份有限公司
Priority to US18/551,545 priority Critical patent/US20240175910A1/en
Publication of WO2023093269A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093269A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/22—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral
    • H03K5/24—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral the characteristic being amplitude
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
    • B60R16/0232—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle for measuring vehicle parameters and indicating critical, abnormal or dangerous conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/02—Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
    • B60W50/035—Bringing the control units into a predefined state, e.g. giving priority to particular actuators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54—Electrical circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
    • G01R31/007—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks using microprocessors or computers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automotive electronic equipment, in particular to a vehicle MCU failure control circuit and method.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle MCU failure control circuit and method, which can ensure that after the MCU module fails, the vehicle power supply maintenance, headlights, wipers, door locks and other functions will not be affected, and can only continue Use, so as to improve the safety of the car circuit, and improve the safety of the driving process.
  • a vehicle MCU failure control circuit at least including:
  • the failure state detection module is used to monitor the information output by the MCU module in real time, so as to detect whether the MCU module is in a failure state;
  • a maintenance voltage signal generating module configured to convert the voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle to form a failure maintenance voltage signal when the failure of the MCU module is detected
  • the drive maintenance module is configured to output the failure maintenance voltage signal to the drive control modules of each load in the vehicle, so as to maintain the normal operation of the drive control modules.
  • the maintenance voltage signal generating module further includes:
  • the voltage rectifying circuit includes: a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the voltage signal of the ignition coil, and the cathode of which is connected to the collector of the first triode; the collector of the first triode is further connected to the first end of the first resistor , the base of which is grounded through the first capacitor; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the base of the first triode, and at the same time is grounded through a Zener diode; the emitter of the first triode outputs the first a voltage signal;
  • a voltage dividing circuit comprising: a fourth resistor, the first end of which is connected to the emitter of the first triode, and the second end of which is grounded through the fifth resistor;
  • the comparison circuit includes: a comparator, its positive input terminal is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor, its negative input terminal is connected to the emitter of the first triode through a third resistor, and its positive power supply terminal is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor.
  • the emitter of the first transistor is grounded through the fifth capacitor; its negative power supply terminal is grounded;
  • the signal generation circuit includes: a third amplifier, the emitter of which is connected to the emitter of the first triode, and the base of which is connected to the output terminal of the comparator; the collector of which is connected to the ground through the sixth resistor, and simultaneously outputs the second voltage signal.
  • the failure state detection module further includes:
  • the third capacitor the first end of which receives the status signal from the MCU module
  • the second amplifier its base is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, its emitter is grounded, and its collector is connected to the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the second resistor is grounded through the fourth capacitor, and at the same time Connected to the negative input of the comparator.
  • the output state signal when the MCU module is in a normal state, the output state signal is a PWM signal with a predetermined frequency; when the MCU module is in a failure state, the output state signal is a non-PWM level signal.
  • the state signal output by the MCU module is a non-PWM level signal
  • the second end of the second resistor is at a high potential
  • the voltage of the positive input terminal of the comparator is lower than the voltage of its negative input terminal, and its output terminal outputs a low level
  • the third amplifier is in a conducting state, and the second voltage signal output by its collector is a fail-safe voltage signal
  • the state signal output by the MCU module is a PWM signal with a predetermined frequency
  • the second end of the second resistor is at a low potential
  • the voltage at the positive input terminal of the comparator is greater than the voltage at the negative input terminal
  • the output terminal outputs a low potential
  • the third amplifier is in a cut-off state, and the second voltage signal output from its collector is at a low level.
  • the first voltage signal is 5.6V
  • the fail-safe voltage signal is 5V
  • the model of the comparator is LM2903.
  • another aspect of the present invention also provides a vehicle MCU failure control method, which is implemented using the aforementioned circuit, which includes the following steps:
  • Step S10 monitor the information output by the MCU module in real time to detect whether the MCU module is in a failure state
  • Step S11 when the failure of the MCU module is detected, the voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle is converted to form a failure maintenance voltage signal;
  • Step S12 outputting the fail-safe voltage signal to the drive control modules of each load in the vehicle, so as to maintain the normal operation of the drive control modules.
  • step S10 further includes:
  • the state signal is a first type signal, it is determined that the MCU module is in a normal state; when the state signal is a second type signal, it is determined that the MCU module is in a failure state;
  • the first type signal is a PWM signal with a predetermined frequency
  • the second type signal is a non-PWM level signal.
  • step S11 further includes:
  • the base of the triode After the base of the triode receives the low potential from the comparator, it is in a conduction state and outputs a second voltage signal at its collector, and uses the second voltage signal as a failure maintenance voltage signal.
  • a low level is controlled to be input to the negative input terminal of the comparator; thereby the comparator outputs a high potential to the base of the triode, and the triode is cut off , output a low level at the collector of the triode.
  • the invention provides a vehicle MCU failure control circuit and method.
  • a failure state detection module By setting a failure state detection module, a maintenance voltage signal generation module and a drive maintenance module, the state of the MCU module can be monitored in real time; when the failure of the MCU module is detected, the The voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle is converted to form a failure maintenance voltage signal; the failure maintenance voltage signal is output to the drive control module of each load in the vehicle to maintain the normal operation of the drive control module. It can be guaranteed that after the failure of the MCU module, the normal driving of various functions can still be realized through the hardware of the circuit itself.
  • the vehicle power supply maintenance, headlights, wipers, door locks and other functions will not be affected, and can only be used continuously, thereby improving the safety of the car circuit and improving the safety of the vehicle during driving. security.
  • Fig. 1 is a principle frame diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle MCU failure control circuit provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit corresponding to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for controlling wipers by adopting a fail-safe voltage signal according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for controlling brakes using a fail-safe voltage signal according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of an embodiment of a vehicle MCU failure control method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG 1 shows a schematic frame diagram of an embodiment of a control maintenance circuit for vehicle MCU failure provided by the present invention; combined with Figure 2 to Figure 4, in this embodiment , the control maintenance circuit 1 used for vehicle MCU failure includes:
  • the failure state detection module 10 is used to monitor the information output by the MCU module in real time, to detect whether the MCU module is in a failure state;
  • the maintenance voltage signal generation module 11 is used to convert the voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle to form a failure maintenance voltage signal when the failure of the MCU module is detected;
  • the drive maintenance module 12 is configured to output the failure maintenance voltage signal to the drive control modules of each load in the vehicle, so as to maintain the normal operation of the drive control modules.
  • the maintenance voltage signal generating module 11 further includes:
  • the voltage rectifying circuit includes: a first diode D1, the anode of which is connected to the ignition coil voltage signal (IN_KL15 signal, generally 12V), and the cathode of which is connected to the collector of the first triode Q1; the first triode Q1
  • the collector of the first resistor R1 is further connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and its base is grounded through the first capacitor C1; the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the base of the first triode Q1, and at the same time is
  • the diode DZ is grounded; the emitter of the first triode Q1 outputs a first voltage signal (VCC_LH), in an example, the first voltage signal is 5.6V;
  • a voltage dividing circuit comprising: a fourth resistor R4, the first end of which is connected to the emitter of the first triode Q1, and the second end of which is grounded through the fifth resistor R5;
  • the comparison circuit includes: a comparator U1, whose positive input terminal (+) is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor R2, and whose negative input terminal (-) is connected to the emission of the first triode Q1 through the third resistor R3
  • the positive power supply terminal (V+) is connected to the emitter of the first triode Q1, and at the same time grounded through the fifth capacitor C5; its negative power supply terminal (V-) is grounded; in one example, the comparison
  • the model of device U1 is LM2903;
  • the signal generation circuit includes: a third amplifier Q3, the emitter of which is connected to the emitter of the first triode Q1, the base of which is connected to the output terminal of the comparator U1; the collector of which is connected to the ground through the sixth resistor R6, At the same time, the second voltage signal (VCC_LH_SW) is output.
  • the failure state detection module 10 further includes:
  • a predetermined frequency such as a frequency of 200HZ, a PWM signal with a duty ratio of 20%
  • the second amplifier Q2 has its base connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3, its emitter connected to the ground, and its collector connected to the first end of the second resistor R2; the second end of the second resistor R2 passes through the fourth Capacitor C4 is grounded and connected to the negative input terminal (-) of the comparator U2 at the same time.
  • the output state signal is a PWM signal with a predetermined frequency, for example, a PWM with a frequency of 200 Hz and a duty cycle of 20%.
  • the PWM signal can control the first triode Q to continue to be in the on-off-on state, and then charge and discharge the RC circuit formed by the second resistor R2 and the fourth capacitor C4, so that the second end of the second resistor R2 (that is, V2 point) is located at a low potential (about 0.7V), so the positive input terminal voltage of the comparator U1 (4.01V obtained after voltage division) is greater than its negative input terminal voltage, and its output terminal outputs a low potential; so that the third amplifier Q3 In the cut-off state, the second voltage signal VCC_LH_SW output from the collector is low level (OV).
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 respectively show schematic diagrams of the principle of using the fail-safe voltage signal, that is, 5V VCC_LH_SW to maintain the state of the load controller in the present invention.
  • VCC_LH_SW 5V at this time; if the low-speed wiper IN_FRONT_WIPER_L and the high-speed wiper IN_FRONT_WIPER_H are not operated When pressed, both signals are floating.
  • the voltage at point V5 is 5V
  • the voltage at point V5 is greater than the voltage at point V6
  • the comparator U2 outputs a high potential
  • the voltage at point V7 is 5.6V at this time , at this time, the transistor Q4 is cut off, the wiper control signal LH_Wiper is 0V, and the input signal to the low-end driver chip is invalid;
  • the voltage at V5 becomes 0V
  • the voltage at V6 is 3.3V
  • the voltage at V5 is less than the voltage at V6, and the comparator U2 outputs a low potential.
  • the voltage at V7 The voltage is 0V; so the transistor Q4 is turned on, the wiper control signal LH_Wiper is 5V, the input signal to the low-end driver chip is valid, and the effective value of OUT_FRONT_WIPER_POWER output is 0V, which can control the wiper to start working.
  • the brake input signal IN_BRAKE_NO is 12V
  • V6 is 12V
  • the voltage at V6 is greater than the voltage at V5
  • the comparator U3 outputs a low potential
  • the voltage at V7 is 0V
  • the transistor Q5 is turned on
  • the brake light control signal LH_BRAKE is 5V
  • the control signal of the driver chip is valid, and can directly drive LSD&HSD (left and right brake devices).
  • the maintenance control of the controllers of other loads (such as power supply maintenance, headlights, door locks, etc.) by using the failure maintenance voltage signal is also implemented by a similar circuit.
  • another aspect of the present invention also provides a method for maintaining control when the MCU of the vehicle fails, which is implemented by using the aforementioned circuit, and includes the following steps:
  • Step S10 monitor the information output by the MCU module in real time to detect whether the MCU module is in a failure state
  • Step S11 when the failure of the MCU module is detected, the voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle is converted to form a failure maintenance voltage signal;
  • Step S12 outputting the fail-safe voltage signal to the drive control modules of each load in the vehicle, so as to maintain the normal operation of the drive control modules.
  • step S10 further includes:
  • the state signal is a first type signal, it is determined that the MCU module is in a normal state; when the state signal is a second type signal, it is determined that the MCU module is in a failure state;
  • the first type signal is a PWM signal with a predetermined frequency
  • the second type signal is a non-PWM level signal.
  • step S11 further includes:
  • the base of the triode After the base of the triode receives the low potential from the comparator, it is in a conduction state and outputs a second voltage signal at its collector, and uses the second voltage signal as a failure maintenance voltage signal.
  • a low level is controlled to be input to the negative input terminal of the comparator; thereby the comparator outputs a high potential to the base of the triode, and the triode is cut off , output a low level at the collector of the triode.
  • the invention provides a control maintenance circuit and method for vehicle MCU failure, by setting a failure state detection module, a maintenance voltage signal generation module and a drive maintenance module, the state of the MCU module can be monitored in real time; when the MCU is detected When the module fails, the voltage from the ignition coil of the vehicle is converted to form a failure maintenance voltage signal; the failure maintenance voltage signal is output to the drive control module of each load in the vehicle to maintain the normal operation of the drive control module. It can be guaranteed that after the failure of the MCU module, the normal driving of various functions can still be realized through the hardware of the circuit itself.
  • the vehicle power supply maintenance, headlights, wipers, door locks and other functions will not be affected, and can only be used continuously, thereby improving the safety of the car circuit and improving the safety of the vehicle during driving. security.
  • the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, apparatuses, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.

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Abstract

提供一种车辆MCU失效控制电路，其包括：失效状态检测模块（11），用于实时监测MCU模块的状态；维持电压信号生成模块（10），用于在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；驱动维持模块（12），用于将失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持驱动控制模块正常工作。还提供了一种相应的方法。可以保证在MCU模块失效后，整车电源保持、大灯、雨刮、门锁等功能不受影响，仅可以继续使用，从而可以提升汽车电路的安全性，以及提高行车过程中的安全性。

Description

一种车辆MCU失效控制电路及方法 技术领域
本申请要求于2021年11月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111429662.7、申请名称为“一种车辆MCU失效控制电路及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及汽车电子设备技术领域，特别是涉及一种车辆MCU失效控制电路及方法。
 背景技术
目前随着汽车科技发展，功能越来越多，对于功能失效的设计要求越来越严格。在实车环境中，因为高温、高湿、高压、EMC（电磁）等因素影响，当MCU（微处理器）模块产生异常或坏掉后无法给相关的功能进行驱动控制时，整个系统就会失去控制，面临瘫痪；此时，如果相关的安全功能没有被激活，将会严重影响汽车行驶安全。
而现有的技术中，通常采用控制MCU模块如何减少失效的概率来解决这个问题，但现有的这种方案也无法避免MCU模块的失效，故仅存在诸多的安全隐患。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种车辆MCU失效控制电路及方法，可以保证在MCU模块失效后，整车电源保持、大灯、雨刮、门锁等功能不受影响，仅可以继续使用，从而可以提升汽车电路的安全性，以及提高行车过程中的安全性。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，作为本发明的一方面，提供一种车辆MCU失效控制电路，至少包括：
失效状态检测模块，用于实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
维持电压信号生成模块，用于在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
驱动维持模块，用于将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
其中，所述维持电压信号生成模块进一步包括：
整压电路，包括：第一二极管，其正极连接点火线圈电压信号，其负极连接第一三极管的集电极；所述第一三极管的集电极进一步连接第一电阻第一端，其基极通过第一电容接地；所述第一电阻第二端连接所述第一三极管的基极，同时通过一稳压二极管接地；所述第一三极管的发射极输出第一电压信号；
分压电路，包括：第四电阻，其第一端与所述第一三极管的发射极连接，其第二端通过第五电阻接地；
比较电路，包括：比较器，其正输入端连接所述第四电阻第二端，其负输入端通过第三电阻与所述第一三极管的发射极相连接，其正电源端连接所述第一三极管的发射极，同时通过第五电容接地；其负电源端接地；
信号生成电路，包括：第三放大器，其发射极连接所述第一三极管的发射极，其基极连接所述比较器的输出端；其集电极通过第六电阻接地，同时输出第二电压信号。
其中，所述失效状态检测模块进一步包括：
第三电容，其第一端接收来自MCU模块的状态信号；
第二放大器，其基极连接所述第三电容的第二端，其发射极接地，其集电极连接第二电阻的第一端；所述第二电阻第二端通过第四电容接地，同时与所述比较器的负输入端相连接。
其中，当所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，其输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号；当所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，其输出的状态信号为非PWM的电平信号。
其中，当MCU模块输出的状态信号为非PWM的电平信号，第二电阻的第二端位于高电位，比较器的正输入端电压小于其负输入端电压，其输出端输出低电平；第三放大器处于导通状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号为失效维持电压信号；
当MCU模块输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号时，所述第二电阻第二端位于低电位，比较器的正输入端电压大于其负输入端电压，其输出端输出一低电位；第三放大器处于截止状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号为低电平。
其中，所述第一电压信号为5.6V，所述失效维持电压信号为5V，所述比较器的型号为LM2903。
相应地，本发明的另一方面，还提供一种车辆MCU失效控制方法，其采用前述的电路来实现，其包括如下步骤：
步骤S10，实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
步骤S11，在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
步骤S12，将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
其中，所述步骤S10进一步包括：
实时检测所述MCU模块输出的状态信号；
当所述状态信号为第一类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于正常状态；当所述状态信号为第二类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于失效状态；
其中，所述第一类型信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号；所述第二类型信号为非PWM的电平信号。
其中，所述步骤S11进一步包括：
将来自车辆点火线圈的12V电压整压至第一电压信号，并经过分压后输入所述比较器的正输入端；
在检测到所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，控制将所述第一电压输入至所述比较器的负输入端；使所述比较器输出一低电位，并输出至所述三极管的基极，其中，所述三极管发射极接收所述第一电压信号；
所述三极管在基极接收来自比较器的低电位后，处于导通状态并在其集电极输出第二电压信号，将所述第二电压信号作为失效维持电压信号。
其中，进一步包括：
在检测到所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，控制将一低电平输入至所述比较器的负输入端；从而使所述比较器输出一高电位给所述三极管的基极，使三极管截止，在三极管的集电极输出低电平。
 有益效果
实施本发明实施例，具有如下的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种车辆MCU失效控制电路及方法，通过设置失效状态检测模块、维持电压信号生成模块以及驱动维持模块，可以实时监测MCU模块的状态；在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。可以保证在MCU模块失效后，仍然可以通过电路本身的硬件来实现各项功能正常驱动。采用本发明的方案，即使MCU失效后，整车电源保持、大灯、雨刮、门锁等功能不会受到影响，仅可以继续使用，从而可以提升汽车电路的安全性，以及提高行车过程中的安全性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，根据这些附图获得其他的附图仍属于本发明的范畴。
图1为本发明提供的一种车辆MCU失效控制电路的一个实施例的原理框架图。
图2为图1中对应的电路原理图。
图3为本发明涉及的采用失效维持电压信号对雨刮进行控制的电路原理图。
图4为本发明涉及的采用失效维持电压信号对刹车进行控制的电路原理图。
图5为本发明提供的一种车辆MCU失效控制方法的一个实施例的主流程示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
如图1所示，示出了本发明提供的一种用于车辆MCU失效时的控制维持电路的一个实施例的原理框架图；一并结合图2至图4所示，在本实施例中，所述用于车辆MCU失效时的控制维持电路1包括：
失效状态检测模块10，用于实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
维持电压信号生成模块11，用于在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
驱动维持模块12，用于将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
一并结合图2所示，所述维持电压信号生成模块11进一步包括：
整压电路，包括：第一二极管D1，其正极连接点火线圈电压信号（IN_KL15信号，一般为12V），其负极连接第一三极管Q1的集电极；所述第一三极管Q1的集电极进一步连接第一电阻R1第一端，其基极通过第一电容C1接地；所述第一电阻R1第二端连接所述第一三极管Q1的基极，同时通过一稳压二极管DZ接地；所述第一三极管Q1的发射极输出第一电压信号（VCC_LH），在一个例子中，所述第一电压信号为5.6V；
分压电路，包括：第四电阻R4，其第一端与所述第一三极管Q1的发射极连接，其第二端通过第五电阻R5接地；
比较电路，包括：比较器U1，其正输入端（+）连接所述第四电阻R2第二端，其负输入端（-）通过第三电阻R3与所述第一三极管Q1的发射极相连接，其正电源端（V+）连接所述第一三极管Q1的发射极，同时通过第五电容C5接地；其负电源端（V-）接地；在一个例子中，所述比较器U1的型号为LM2903；
信号生成电路，包括：第三放大器Q3，其发射极连接所述第一三极管Q1的发射极，其基极连接所述比较器U1的输出端；其集电极通过第六电阻R6接地，同时输出第二电压信号（VCC_LH_SW）。
其中，所述失效状态检测模块10进一步包括：
第三电容C3，其第一端接收来自MCU模块的状态信号（C_WD）；其中，其中，当所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，其输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号（如频率为200HZ，占空比较20%的PWM信号）；当所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，其输出的状态信号为非PWM的电平信号（如0V或5V电平信号）。
第二放大器Q2，其基极连接所述第三电容C3的第二端，其发射极接地，其集电极连接第二电阻R2的第一端；所述第二电阻R2第二端通过第四电容C4接地，同时与所述比较器U2的负输入端（-）相连接。
其中，当MCU模块出现异常或坏掉，即处于失效状态时，输出的状态信号（C_WD）为非PWM的电平信号，此时可能为0V或5V，没有PWM波形；此时，第二三极管Q2集电极处于悬空（高阻）状态，第二电阻R2的第二端（即图中V2点）位于高电位（5.6V），而比较器U1的正输入端电压V3为分压后的电压（5.6*120/(120+47.5)=4.01V）小于其负输入端V2的电压（5.6V），其输出端输出低电平；故使第三放大器Q3处于导通状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号为失效维持电压信号，此时失效维持电压信号VCC_LH_SW=VCC_LH-Vpn=5.6-0.6=5V，其中，Vpn为第三放大器Q3导通电压；
当MCU模块处于正常状态时，其输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号，例如可以是频率为200HZ，占空比为20%的PWM。该PWM信号可以控制第一三极管Q持续处于打开-关闭-打开的状态，进而对第二电阻R2和第四电容C4构成的RC电路充放电，使得第二电阻R2第二端（即V2点）位于低电位（0.7V左右），故比较器U1的正输入端电压（分压后所获得的4.01V）大于其负输入端电压，其输出端输出一低电位；使第三放大器Q3处于截止状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号VCC_LH_SW为低电平（OV）。
如图3和图4所示，分别示出了本发明中，采用失效维持电压信号，即5V的VCC_LH_SW对负载控制器进行状态维持的原理示意图。
更具体地，如图3所示，当MCU模块处于失效状态时，本发明提供的失效控制维持的功能被激活时，此时 VCC_LH_SW=5V；如果低速雨刮IN_FRONT_WIPER_L和高速雨刮IN_FRONT_WIPER_H没有被操作按下时，则两个信号悬空。V5点的电压为5V，V6点的电压为：5.6*47/（47+33）=3.3V，V5点电压大于V6点电压，比较器U2输出高电位，此时V7点的电压为5.6V，此时三极管Q4截止，雨刮控制信号LH_Wiper为0V，输入给低端驱动芯片的输入信号无效；
如果雨刮IN_FRONT_WIPER_L和IN_FRONT_WIPER_H任何一个被操作按下，则V5点的电压变为0V，V6点的电压为3.3V，V5点电压小于V6点电压，比较器U2输出低电位，此时V7点的电压为0V；故三极管Q4打开，雨刮控制信号LH_Wiper为5V，输入给低端驱动芯片的输入信号有效，OUT_FRONT_WIPER_POWER输出有效值为0V，可以控制雨刮开始工作。
同样地，在图4中，当MCU模块处于失效状态时，本发明提供的失效控制维持的功能被激活时，此时 VCC_LH_SW=5V；如果不踩刹车，那么刹车输入信号IN_BRAKE_NO为0V，V6点为0V，V2点的电压为：5.6*47/（47+33）=3.3V，V6点电压小于V5点电压，比较器U3输出高电位，即V7点电压为5.6V，故三极管Q5截止，刹车灯控制信号LH_BRAKE为0V，驱动芯片的控制信号无效。
当如果踩刹车，那么刹车输入信号IN_BRAKE_NO为12V，V6为12V，V2点的电压为：5.6*47/（47+33）=3.3V，V6点电压大于V5点电压，比较器U3输出低电位，V7点电压为0V，三极管Q5导通，刹车灯控制信号LH_BRAKE为5V，驱动芯片的控制信号有效，可直接驱动LSD&HSD（左右刹车装置）。
可以理解的是，在MCU模块失效后，采用失效维持电压信号对于其他负载（如电源保持、大灯、门锁等）的控制器进行维持控制也采用类似的电路来实现。
相应地，本发明的另一方面，还提供一种用于车辆MCU失效时的控制维持方法，其采用前述的电路来实现，其包括如下步骤：
步骤S10，实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
步骤S11，在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
步骤S12，将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
其中，所述步骤S10进一步包括：
实时检测所述MCU模块输出的状态信号；
当所述状态信号为第一类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于正常状态；当所述状态信号为第二类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于失效状态；
其中，所述第一类型信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号；所述第二类型信号为非PWM的电平信号。
其中，所述步骤S11进一步包括：
将来自车辆点火线圈的12V电压整压至第一电压信号，并经过分压后输入所述比较器的正输入端；
在检测到所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，控制将所述第一电压输入至所述比较器的负输入端；使所述比较器输出一低电位，并输出至所述三极管的基极，其中，所述三极管发射极接收所述第一电压信号；
所述三极管在基极接收来自比较器的低电位后，处于导通状态并在其集电极输出第二电压信号，将所述第二电压信号作为失效维持电压信号。
其中，进一步包括：
在检测到所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，控制将一低电平输入至所述比较器的负输入端；从而使所述比较器输出一高电位给所述三极管的基极，使三极管截止，在三极管的集电极输出低电平。
更多细节，可以参考并结合前述对图1至图4的描述，在此不进行赘述。
实施本发明实施例，具有如下的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种用于车辆MCU失效时的控制维持电路及方法，通过设置失效状态检测模块、维持电压信号生成模块以及驱动维持模块，可以实时监测MCU模块的状态；在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。可以保证在MCU模块失效后，仍然可以通过电路本身的硬件来实现各项功能正常驱动。采用本发明的方案，即使MCU失效后，整车电源保持、大灯、雨刮、门锁等功能不会受到影响，仅可以继续使用，从而可以提升汽车电路的安全性，以及提高行车过程中的安全性。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、装置、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质（包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等）上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备（系统）、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车辆MCU失效控制电路，其特征在于，至少包括：
    失效状态检测模块，用于实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
    维持电压信号生成模块，用于在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
    驱动维持模块，用于将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述维持电压信号生成模块进一步包括：
    整压电路，包括：第一二极管，其正极连接点火线圈电压信号，其负极连接第一三极管的集电极；所述第一三极管的集电极进一步连接第一电阻第一端，其基极通过第一电容接地；所述第一电阻第二端连接所述第一三极管的基极，同时通过一稳压二极管接地；所述第一三极管的发射极输出第一电压信号；
    分压电路，包括：第四电阻，其第一端与所述第一三极管的发射极连接，其第二端通过第五电阻接地；
    比较电路，包括：比较器，其正输入端连接所述第四电阻第二端，其负输入端通过第三电阻与所述第一三极管的发射极相连接，其正电源端连接所述第一三极管的发射极，同时通过第五电容接地；其负电源端接地；
    信号生成电路，包括：第三放大器，其发射极连接所述第一三极管的发射极，其基极连接所述比较器的输出端；其集电极通过第六电阻接地，同时输出第二电压信号。
  3. 如权利要求2所述电路，其特征在于，所述失效状态检测模块进一步包括：
    第三电容，其第一端接收来自MCU模块的状态信号；
    第二放大器，其基极连接所述第三电容的第二端，其发射极接地，其集电极连接第二电阻的第一端；所述第二电阻第二端通过第四电容接地，同时与所述比较器的负输入端相连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电路，其特征在于，当所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，其输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号；当所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，其输出的状态信号为非PWM的电平信号。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电路，其特征在于，其中：
    当MCU模块输出的状态信号为非PWM的电平信号，第二电阻的第二端位于高电位，比较器的正输入端电压小于其负输入端电压，其输出端输出低电平；第三放大器处于导通状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号为失效维持电压信号；
    当MCU模块输出的状态信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号时，所述第二电阻第二端位于低电位，比较器的正输入端电压大于其负输入端电压，其输出端输出一低电位；第三放大器处于截止状态，其集电极输出的第二电压信号为低电平。
  6. 如权利要求2-5任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述第一电压信号为5.6V，所述失效维持电压信号为5V，所述比较器的型号为LM2903。
  7. 一种车辆MCU失效控制方法，其采用如权利要求1至6任一项所述的电路来实现，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    步骤S10，实时监测MCU模块输出的信息，以检测所述MCU模块是否处于失效状态；
    步骤S11，在检测到所述MCU模块失效时，将来自车辆点火线圈电压进行转换，形成失效维持电压信号；
    步骤S12，将所述失效维持电压信号输出至车辆中各负载的驱动控制模块，以维持所述驱动控制模块正常工作。
  8. 如权利要求7所述方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S10进一步包括：
    实时检测所述MCU模块输出的状态信号；
    当所述状态信号为第一类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于正常状态；当所述状态信号为第二类型信号时，确定所述MCU模块处于失效状态；
    其中，所述第一类型信号为具有预定频率的PWM信号；所述第二类型信号为非PWM的电平信号。
  9. 如权利要求8所方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S11进一步包括：
    将来自车辆点火线圈的12V电压整压至第一电压信号，并经过分压后输入所述比较器的正输入端；
    在检测到所述MCU模块处于失效状态时，控制将所述第一电压输入至所述比较器的负输入端；使所述比较器输出一低电位，并输出至所述三极管的基极，其中，所述三极管发射极接收所述第一电压信号；
    所述三极管在基极接收来自比较器的低电位后，处于导通状态并在其集电极输出第二电压信号，将所述第二电压信号作为失效维持电压信号。
  10. 如权利要求8所方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    在检测到所述MCU模块处于正常状态时，控制将一低电平输入至所述比较器的负输入端；从而使所述比较器输出一高电位给所述三极管的基极，使三极管截止，在三极管的集电极输出低电平。
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