WO2023072587A1 - Systeme de gestion thermique pour vehicule hybride ou electrique - Google Patents
Systeme de gestion thermique pour vehicule hybride ou electrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023072587A1 WO2023072587A1 PCT/EP2022/078296 EP2022078296W WO2023072587A1 WO 2023072587 A1 WO2023072587 A1 WO 2023072587A1 EP 2022078296 W EP2022078296 W EP 2022078296W WO 2023072587 A1 WO2023072587 A1 WO 2023072587A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- branch
- heat transfer
- transfer fluid
- fluid
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H1/00035—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment
- B60H1/0005—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment the air being firstly cooled and subsequently heated or vice versa
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
- B60H1/00342—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/03—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
- B60H1/034—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant from the cooling liquid of the propulsion plant and from an electric heating device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
- B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
- B60H2001/3288—Additional heat source
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of motor vehicles and more particularly to a thermal management circuit for a hybrid or electric motor vehicle.
- the thermal management of the passenger compartment is generally managed by a reversible air conditioning circuit.
- this air conditioning circuit can operate in a cooling mode in order to cool the air intended for the passenger compartment and in a heat pump mode in order to heat the air intended for the passenger compartment.
- This reversible air conditioning circuit may also include a bypass in order to manage the temperature of the batteries of the electric or hybrid vehicle. It is thus possible to heat or cool the batteries thanks to the reversible air conditioning loop.
- heat pump mode the calories are taken from the outside air to be transmitted to an internal air flow which is blown into the passenger compartment to heat it.
- the invention proposes a thermal management system for a hybrid or electric vehicle, the thermal management system comprising a first reversible air conditioning circuit in which a refrigerant fluid circulates and comprising a two-fluid heat exchanger arranged jointly on a second fluid circuit heat transfer fluid, the air conditioning circuit comprising a condenser for transmitting calories to an internal air flow, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprising:
- a first branch comprising, according to the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a first pump, a device for heating the heat transfer fluid and the two-fluid heat exchanger,
- the heat transfer fluid is configured such that, in a first mode of heating the internal air flow, all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the heater then passes through the two-fluid heat exchanger before returning to the first pump by the second branch, the heating device and the two-fluid heat exchanger being active.
- the two-fluid heat exchanger is arranged directly downstream of the device for heating the heat transfer fluid.
- the first branch does not include any other device capable of substantially modifying the quantity of heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid. .
- the second branch does not include any device capable of substantially modifying the quantity of heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid.
- the second branch comprises a coolant fluid expansion tank.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a third branch which is connected to the first branch in parallel to the first pump and to the heating device, and which comprises, depending on the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a second pump and an "electrical machinery" heat exchanger, which allows the exchange of heat between power electronics and/or an electric motor of the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid, an upstream end of the third branch being connected to the second branch and a downstream end of the third branch being connected to the first branch upstream of the two-fluid heat exchanger.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit is configured to operate in a second mode of heating the internal air flow in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the second branch circulates in a closed loop in the second pump , in the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger then in the two-fluid heat exchanger before returning to the second pump via the second branch, the two-fluid heat exchanger being active.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit is configured to operate in a third internal air flow heating mode in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the two-fluid heat exchanger, in a state active, passes into the second branch then is divided into two streams circulating simultaneously:
- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a fourth branch equipped with a "battery" heat exchanger, which is configured to allow the exchange of heat between the batteries of the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid, the fourth branch comprising an upstream end which is connected to the first branch downstream of the two-fluid heat exchanger and a downstream end which is connected to the second branch.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit is configured to operate in a fourth internal air flow heating mode in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the second branch circulates in a closed loop in the first pump , in the electric heater, in the two-fluid heat exchanger and in the "batteries" heat exchanger before returning to the first pump via the second branch, the two-fluid heat exchanger being active.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a fifth branch equipped with a radiator arranged in an external air flow, the fifth branch being connected to the first branch in parallel to the second branch.
- the fifth branch comprises an upstream end which is connected to the fourth branch downstream of the heat exchanger. heat "batteries” and a downstream end which is connected to the first branch upstream of the first pump.
- downstream end of the fifth branch is connected to the third branch upstream of the second pump.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a sixth branch which comprises an upstream end which is connected to the third branch downstream of the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger and a downstream end which is connected to the fifth branch upstream of the first radiator.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a device for redirecting the heat transfer fluid which comprises only three three-way valves:
- a first three-way valve being arranged at a connection point of the first branch with the second branch and with the fourth branch;
- a second three-way valve being arranged at a connection point of the third branch with the sixth branch;
- a third three-way valve being arranged at a connection point of the fifth branch with the fourth branch.
- the two-fluid heat exchanger fulfills, in the air conditioning circuit, the function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid.
- the invention also relates to a method of operating the system produced according to the teachings of the invention, characterized in that, in a first mode of heating the internal air flow, all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the device heating then passes through the bifluid heat exchanger before returning to the first pump by the second branch, the heating device and the two-fluid heat exchanger being active.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view which represents an air conditioning circuit which equips the thermal management system produced according to the teachings of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view which represents a heat transfer fluid circuit which equips the thermal management system produced according to the teachings of the invention and which is intended to operate in cooperation with the air conditioning circuit of FIG.
- Figure 3 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of Figure 1 operating in a first mode of heating an internal air flow.
- Figure 4 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of Figure 1 operating in a second mode of heating an internal air flow.
- Figure 5 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of Figure 1 operating in a third mode of heating an internal air flow.
- Figure 6 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of Figure 1 operating in a fourth mode of heating an internal air flow.
- FIG. 7 is a view of the coolant circuit of FIG. 1 operating in a mode of passive cooling of the batteries of the vehicle.
- FIG. 8 is a view of the coolant circuit of FIG. 1 operating in a mode of passive cooling of the batteries and an electric motor and/or the vehicle's power electronics.
- FIG. 9 is a view of the coolant circuit of FIG. 1 operating in a battery heating mode with or without heating of an internal air flow.
- FIG. 10 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of FIG. 1 operating simultaneously in the first mode of heating the internal air flow and in a mode of passive cooling of the power electronics and/or of the electric motor.
- FIG. 11 is a view of the heat transfer fluid circuit of FIG. 1 operating simultaneously in the fourth heating mode of the internal air flow and/or of the battery and in the passive cooling mode of the power electronics and /or the electric motor.
- a first element upstream of a second element means that the first element is placed before the second element with respect to the direction of circulation, or travel, of a fluid.
- a first element downstream of a second element means that the first element is placed after the second element with respect to the direction of circulation, or travel, of the fluid in question.
- branch here refers to a section of circuit open at both ends comprising only elements arranged in series.
- the invention relates to a thermal conditioning system.
- a thermal management system for a motor vehicle This is an electric or hybrid motor vehicle which comprises an electric motor which supplies driving torque to the driving wheels of the vehicle.
- the electric motor is supplied with electric current at least by batteries, called traction batteries. During vehicle operation, the electric motor and battery may generate heat.
- said system comprises a first air conditioning circuit 10 in which a refrigerant fluid circulates, as shown in FIG. 1, and a second heat transfer fluid circuit 12 in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, as shown in Figure 2.
- the heat transfer fluid is, for example, a heat transfer liquid such as water comprising an antifreeze, in particular glycol water.
- the coolant is for example a hydrofluorocarbon, such as R-134a.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 comprises a two-fluid heat exchanger 14 arranged jointly on the second circuit 12 for circulating a coolant.
- the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 is configured to allow an exchange of heat between the refrigerant fluid, circulating in the air conditioning circuit 10, and the heat transfer fluid, circulating in the heat transfer fluid circuit 12, without mixing between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 is configured to allow, in a heat pump mode, to heat an air flow, illustrated by an arrow marked Fi, by means of a compression and an expansion of the refrigerant fluid.
- the air flow Fi is, for example, an interior air flow Fi, intended to be sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle to allow it to be heated.
- the system thus makes it possible to heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle from calories taken from the first heat transfer fluid.
- the interior air flow circulates, for example, in a heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning installation 16 of the passenger compartment.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 here comprises for this purpose a main loop through which the refrigerant fluid passes which comprises, in this order, depending on the direction of flow of the refrigerant fluid, a compressor 18, a condenser 20, a first expansion device 22, configured to exchanging heat with the internal air flow Fi, and the first two-fluid heat exchanger 14.
- the condenser 20 makes it possible to transmit calories to the internal air flow Fi.
- the condenser 20 is here arranged in the device 16 for heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning to allow the exchange of heat between the refrigerant fluid and the internal air flow Fi.
- the condenser 20 is in particular arranged directly in the internal air flow.
- the condenser 20 makes it possible to exchange heat with the internal air flow via the circuit 12 of the coolant fluid.
- the condenser 20 transmits calories to the heat transfer fluid via a heat exchanger, then the heat transfer fluid transmits said calories to the internal air flow via a heat exchanger, called " heater core", arranged directly in the internal air flow.
- the refrigerant fluid is in the high pressure gaseous state on leaving the compressor 18. It then undergoes condensation while passing through the condenser 20, yielding to the passage of calories to the internal air flow Fi, and passes to the state liquid. It then undergoes expansion in the first expansion device 22 and passes into the first two-fluid exchanger 14 where it evaporates, absorbing calories from the heat transfer fluid.
- By recovering calories from the second circuit 12 of coolant it is possible to heat the internal air flow Fi by means of the condenser 20 even when the outside temperature is too low for the first air conditioning circuit 10 to be able to operate in external heat pump mode by heat exchange with the outside air. This makes it possible in particular not to have to equip the device 16 for heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning with an electric air heating device.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 is here reversible. This means that it is also likely to operate in a Fi internal airflow cooling mode.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 represented in FIG. 1 more particularly comprises a first circulation pipe A1 comprising, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, the compressor 18, the condenser 20 disposed in the flow internal air Fi, a second expansion device 24, an evapo-condenser 26 disposed in an external air flow Fe.
- the evapo-condenser 26 is thus generally arranged on the front face of the motor vehicle.
- a shutter (not shown) can also be installed in the heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning device 16 in order to prevent or not the internal air flow from passing through the condenser 20.
- the first circulation pipe A1 can also comprise an accumulator 28 allowing a phase separation of the refrigerant fluid and arranged upstream of the compressor 18, between the evapo-condenser 26 and the said compressor 18.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 also includes a second circulation line A2 connected in parallel with the evapo-condenser 26.
- This second circulation line A2 connects more particularly:
- first junction point 30 disposed downstream of the condenser 20, between said condenser 20 and the second expansion device 24, and - a second junction point 32 disposed downstream of the evapo-condenser 26, between said evapo-condenser 26 and the compressor 18, more precisely upstream of the accumulator 28.
- This second circulation pipe A2 comprises in particular a third expansion device 33 and an evaporator 34 arranged in the internal air flow Fi.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 further comprises a third circulation line A3 connecting the outlet of the evapo-condenser 26 and the inlet of the third expansion device 33.
- This third circulation line A3 connects more particularly:
- the air conditioning circuit 10 also includes a fourth circulation line A4 connecting the inlet of the third expansion device 33 and the inlet of the compressor 18.
- This fourth circulation line A4 precisely connects:
- the fourth circulation pipe A4 comprises in particular the first expansion device 22 and the dual-fluid heat exchanger 14.
- the first expansion device 22 is arranged upstream of the dual-fluid heat exchanger 14, between the fifth junction point 40 and said two-fluid heat exchanger 14.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 also comprises a device for redirecting the coolant in order to define by which circulation pipe it circulates.
- this refrigerant fluid redirection device comprises in particular:
- non-return valve 48 arranged on the third circulation line A3, arranged so as to prevent the circulation of refrigerant fluid from the fourth junction point 38 to the third junction point 36,
- non-return valve 50 arranged on the second circulation line A2, arranged so as to prevent the circulation of refrigerant fluid from the sixth junction point 42 to the evaporator 34.
- the first 22, second 24 and third 33 expansion devices include a stop function to prevent the refrigerant fluid from passing through them when activated.
- the shut-off valves are controlled from so that the refrigerant circulates only through the main loop.
- the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 fulfills the function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid, while the refrigerant fluid does not circulate in the evapo-condenser 26 so that only the calories of the heat transfer fluid of the circuit 12 of heat transfer fluid are used to heat the internal Fi airflow.
- the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 is active with a function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 comprises a first branch B1 comprising, according to the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a first pump 52, a device 54 for heating the heat transfer fluid and said two-fluid heat exchanger 14.
- the device 54 for heating the heat transfer fluid is here an electric heating device, for example which heats the heat transfer fluid by means of electrical resistors.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 also includes a second branch B2, an upstream end of which is connected directly to the first branch B1 at a first connection point 56 downstream of the two-fluid heat exchanger 14. A downstream end of the second branch B2 is connected directly to the first branch B1 at a second connection point 58 arranged upstream of the first pump 52.
- the first branch B1 does not include any other device capable of substantially modifying the quantity of heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid.
- the first branch B1 in particular does not include any other heat exchanger. More particularly, the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 is arranged directly downstream of the device for heating the heat transfer fluid without the interposition of any other device.
- the second branch B2 does not include any device capable of substantially modifying the quantity of heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid.
- the second branch B2 in particular does not include any heat exchanger. More particularly, the second branch B2 comprises here only a vessel 60 for expansion of the heat transfer fluid.
- the second branch B2 does not include an expansion tank.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 is configured so that, in a first mode of heating the internal air flow Fi, all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the heating device 54 then passes through the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 before returning to the first pump 52 by the second branch.
- the heating device 54 is active and the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 active with a function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid.
- This mode of operation is illustrated in particular in FIG. 3 in which the pipes in which the heat transfer fluid circulates are indicated in bold, the heat transfer fluid remaining substantially immobile in the other pipes.
- the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is indicated by arrows.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 operates at the same time in internal heat pump mode.
- the heating device 54 supplies calories to the heat transfer fluid circulated by the first pump 52. A part of these calories are transmitted to the refrigerant fluid via the bifluid heat exchanger 14, so as to then the internal air flow Fi via the condenser 20. All of the circulating heat transfer fluid then returns to the first pump 52 via the second branch B2 to be heated again by the heating device 54 . So the heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid increases rapidly with each new cycle in a first loop formed by the first branch B1 and the second branch B2. This makes it possible to quickly increase the temperature of the internal air flow Fi via the air conditioning circuit 10.
- the first loop formed only by the first branch B1 and the second branch B2 is advantageously very short.
- this loop comprises only the first pump 52, the heating device 54, the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 and the expansion tank 60, as well as means for redirecting the heat transfer fluid only in this first loop.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 also includes a third branch B3 which is connected to the first branch B1 in parallel with the first pump 52 and the heating device 54 .
- the third branch B3 has an upstream end which is connected directly to the second branch B2 at the second connection point 58 and a downstream end which is connected directly to the first branch B1 at a third connection point 62 arranged upstream of the exchanger bifluid heat 14.
- the third connection point 62 is more particularly arranged downstream of the device 54 for heating.
- the third branch B3 comprises, depending on the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a second pump 64 and an "electrical machinery" heat exchanger 66.
- the "electrical machinery” heat exchanger 66 is configured to allow the exchange of heat between of the power electronics and/or the electric motor of the vehicle, on the one hand, and the heat transfer fluid, on the other hand.
- the “electrical machines” heat exchanger 66 makes it possible more particularly to cool the power electronics and/or the electric motor during its operation by transmitting the heat that it produces to the heat transfer fluid.
- the term “power electronics” will include electronic devices separate from the batteries and the electric motor.
- the "electrical machinery” heat exchanger exchanges heat with the electric motor.
- the "electric machinery" heat exchanger exchanges heat with the power electronics.
- the third pump does not include any other device capable of substantially modifying the amount of heat accumulated by the heat transfer fluid.
- the third branch B3 in particular does not include any heat exchanger.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 is configured to operate in a second mode of heating the internal air flow Fi in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the second branch B2 circulates in a closed loop in the second pump 64, in the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger 66 and in the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 before returning to the second pump 64 via the second branch B2, thus forming a second circulation loop.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 operates in internal heat pump mode, the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 being active with a function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid. In this way, the heat produced by the power electronics and/or the electric motor is used to heat the internal air flow Fi for heating the passenger compartment via the air conditioning circuit 10 .
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 is configured to operate in a third mode of heating the internal air flow in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the second branch B2 is divided only into two flows circulating simultaneously :
- the air conditioning circuit 10 operates in internal heat pump mode, the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 being active with a function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid.
- the heat produced by the power electronics and/or the electric motor, on the one hand, and by the heating device 54, on the other hand, is used to heat the internal air flow Fi to the heating of the passenger compartment via the air conditioning circuit 10.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 comprises a fourth branch B4 equipped with a "battery” heat exchanger 68.
- the "battery” heat exchanger 68 is configured to allow the exchange of heat between the traction batteries of the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid.
- the “batteries” heat exchanger 68 makes it possible more particularly to cool the batteries during their operation by transmitting the heat that they produce to the heat transfer fluid, or even to heat them when their temperature is too low. Batteries must be kept within an operating temperature range of, for example, 10°C to 20°C.
- the fourth branch B4 has an upstream end which is connected, here at the first connection point 56, to the first branch B1 downstream of the two-fluid exchanger 14.
- the fourth branch B4 also has a downstream end which is connected to the second branch B2 at a fourth point 70 of connection.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 is configured to operate in a fourth mode of heating the internal air flow Fi in which all of the heat transfer fluid passing through the second branch B2 circulates in a closed loop in a third loop passing through the first pump 58, through the electric heating device 54, through the two-fluid exchanger 14 and through the “battery” heat exchanger 68 before returning to the first pump 52 via the second branch B2.
- the heating device 54 can be active or inactive depending on the difference between the amount of heat dissipated by the battery and the heat requirement in the passenger compartment.
- the air conditioning circuit 10 operates in internal heat pump mode, the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 being active with a function of evaporator of the refrigerant fluid. In this way, the heat produced by the batteries is used to heat the internal air flow Fi for heating the passenger compartment via the air conditioning circuit 10.
- This third loop is also used to allow other modes of operation of the circuit 12 of heat transfer fluid.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 can also operate in an active battery cooling mode.
- the heating device 54 is then inactive. In this mode of operation, the heat produced by the batteries is then transmitted to the refrigerant via the two-fluid heat exchanger 14.
- the third cooling loop can also be used for operation in a first battery heating mode.
- the heating device 54 is active while the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 is inactive, or at least partially active, so that the calories supplied by the heating device 54 are transmitted only to the batteries via the "batteries" heat exchanger 68.
- the circuit 1 2 of heat transfer fluid further comprises a fifth branch B5 equipped with a radiator 72 arranged in the external air flow Fe.
- the fifth branch B5 is connected to the first branch B1 in parallel with the second branch B2. More particularly, the fifth branch B5 has an upstream end which is connected to the fourth branch B4 at a fifth connection point 74 arranged downstream of the "batteries" heat exchanger 68.
- the fifth branch B5 has a downstream end which is here connected to the first branch B1 upstream of the first pump 58, here to the second point 58 of connection.
- the downstream end of the fifth branch B5 is also connected to the third branch B3 upstream of the second pump 64 at a sixth point 76 of connection.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 comprises a sixth branch B6 which has an upstream end which is connected to the third branch B3 downstream of the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger 66 and a downstream end which is connected to the fifth branch B5 in upstream of the radiator 72.
- the latter comprises a device for redirecting the heat transfer fluid.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 described above is capable of operating in a very large number of operating modes with a minimum of redirection components.
- the redirection device here only has three three-way valves:
- a first three-way valve 78 arranged at the first connection point 56 between the first branch B1 with the second branch B2 and with the fourth branch B4; - A second three-way valve 80 arranged at the fifth point 74 of connection of the third branch B3 with the sixth branch B6;
- a third three-way valve 82 arranged at the sixth point 76 of connection of the fifth branch B5 with the fourth branch B4.
- the operating state of the two pumps 52, 64 also participates in the redirection of the heat transfer fluid in the circuit 1 2 of heat transfer fluid.
- Three-way valves 76, 78 and 80 have one inlet and two outlets. The outlets can be closed simultaneously or alternately to allow the heat transfer fluid to be directed in the correct direction.
- the first three-way valve 78 makes it possible to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving from the first branch B1 only towards the second branch B2 to form the first loop. Furthermore, the second pump 64 is inactive.
- the first three-way valve 78 makes it possible to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving from the first branch B1 only to the second branch B2 and not to the fourth branch B4.
- the second three-way valve 80 makes it possible to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving from the third branch B3 only towards the first branch B1 and not towards the sixth branch B6. This makes it possible to obtain the second loop.
- the first pump 52 is inactive.
- the three-way valves 78 and 80 are controlled as in the second mode of heating the internal air flow Fi, but the first pump 52 and the second pump 64 are activated simultaneously.
- the first three-way valve 78 makes it possible to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving from the first branch B1 only towards the fourth branch B4 and not towards the second branch B2.
- the third three-way valve 82 makes it possible to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving from the fourth branch B4 only to the second branch B2 and not to the fifth branch B5.
- the second pump 64 is inactive.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 can operate in passive battery cooling mode in which the heat transfer fluid circulates in a fourth closed loop in which it passes successively through the first pump 52, the heating device 54 , the two-fluid heat exchanger 14, the "batteries” heat exchanger 68 and the radiator 72 before returning to the first pump 52.
- the heater 54 and the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 are inactive. In this mode the heat produced by the batteries is evacuated by the radiator 72.
- the second pump 64 is inactive, the first three-way valve 78 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the first branch B1 to the fourth branch B4.
- the heat transfer fluid circuit 12 can operate in passive cooling mode for the batteries and the power electronics and/or the electric motor in which the heat transfer fluid circulating from the radiator 72 is divided into two flows .
- a first flow passes through the first pump 52, through the heating device 54, through the two-fluid heat exchanger 14 and through the heat exchanger "batteries" 68 before returning to the radiator 72.
- a second flow passes through the second pump 64 and through the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger 66 before returning to the radiator 72 via the sixth branch B6.
- the heat produced by the batteries and by the power electronics and/or the electric motor is evacuated via the radiator 72.
- the first three-way valve 78 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the first branch B1 to the fourth branch B4,
- the second three-way valve 80 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the third branch B3 to the sixth branch B6,
- the third three-way valve 82 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the fourth branch B4 and the sixth branch B6 to the fifth branch B5.
- the circuit 12 of heat transfer fluid can operate in a second battery heating mode in which the heat transfer fluid circulates in a fifth closed loop passing through the second pump 64, through the heat exchanger "electrical machines "66, by the two-fluid heat exchanger 14, by the heat exchanger "batteries” 68 before returning to the first pump 64 by the second branch B2.
- the first three-way valve 78 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the first branch B1 to the fourth branch B4, - the second three-way valve 80 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the third branch B3 to the first branch B1,
- the third three-way valve 82 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the fourth branch B4 and the sixth branch B6 to the second branch B2.
- the circuit 1 2 of heat transfer fluid can operate in passive cooling mode of the power electronics and / or the electric motor in which the heat transfer fluid follows a sixth closed loop.
- this sixth loop all of the heat transfer fluid circulating from the radiator 72 passes through the second pump 64 and through the "electrical machinery" heat exchanger 66 before returning to the radiator 72 via the sixth branch B6.
- the heat produced by the power electronics and/or the electric motor is evacuated via the radiator 72.
- the second three-way valve 80 is controlled to direct the heat transfer fluid from the third branch B3 to the sixth branch B6.
- this mode of operation of passive cooling of the power electronics and/or of the electric motor can be activated simultaneously with embodiments operating only with the first pump 52 and without the radiator 72 , more particularly with operating modes implementing the first loop, illustrated in FIG. 3, or the third loop, illustrated in FIG. 6. Indeed, in these combinations of modes, the flow of fluid circulating in the sixth loop don't never mix with the flow of fluid circulating in the first or in the third loop.
- the invention thus makes it possible to quickly heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle by recovering the heat from the heat transfer fluid of the heat transfer fluid circuit 1 2 via the air conditioning circuit 1 0 . It is therefore no longer necessary to arrange an electric heating device directly in the internal air flow.
- the invention makes it possible to use the heat produced by the power electronics and/or the electric motor and/or the batteries of the vehicle to heat the passenger compartment.
- heat transfer fluid circuit 12 thus configured makes it possible to perform numerous functions using a minimum of components, for example only three three-way valves.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22800682.1A EP4422894A1 (fr) | 2021-10-26 | 2022-10-11 | Systeme de gestion thermique pour vehicule hybride ou electrique |
US18/705,132 US20240424856A1 (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2022-10-11 | Thermal management system for a hybrid or electric vehicle |
CN202280084903.5A CN118450994A (zh) | 2021-10-26 | 2022-10-11 | 混合动力或电动车辆的热管理系统 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FRFR2111333 | 2021-10-26 | ||
FR2111333A FR3128409B1 (fr) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Systeme de gestion thermique pour vehicule hybride ou electrique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023072587A1 true WO2023072587A1 (fr) | 2023-05-04 |
Family
ID=78827744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/078296 WO2023072587A1 (fr) | 2021-10-26 | 2022-10-11 | Systeme de gestion thermique pour vehicule hybride ou electrique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240424856A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4422894A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN118450994A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3128409B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023072587A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3151532A1 (fr) * | 2023-07-25 | 2025-01-31 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Système de conditionnement d’air de l’habitacle d’un véhicule électrique |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20190263223A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-08-29 | Hanon Systems | Climate control system of a motor vehicle and method for operating the climate control system |
CN108482067B (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 上海思致汽车工程技术有限公司 | 一种节能型多回路电动汽车热管理系统 |
US20200220236A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Hanon Systems | Thermal system layout designed for high cooling capacity at idle condition |
DE102020100428A1 (de) * | 2019-02-06 | 2020-08-06 | Hanon Systems | Klimatisierungs- und Batteriekühlanordnung mit hoher Kälteleistung und passiver Batteriekühlung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimatisierungs- und Batteriekühlanordnung |
US20210031588A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-02-04 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Circuit for the thermal management of a hybrid or electric vehicle |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 FR FR2111333A patent/FR3128409B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-10-11 EP EP22800682.1A patent/EP4422894A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-10-11 US US18/705,132 patent/US20240424856A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-11 CN CN202280084903.5A patent/CN118450994A/zh active Pending
- 2022-10-11 WO PCT/EP2022/078296 patent/WO2023072587A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20210031588A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-02-04 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Circuit for the thermal management of a hybrid or electric vehicle |
US20190263223A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-08-29 | Hanon Systems | Climate control system of a motor vehicle and method for operating the climate control system |
CN108482067B (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 上海思致汽车工程技术有限公司 | 一种节能型多回路电动汽车热管理系统 |
US20200220236A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Hanon Systems | Thermal system layout designed for high cooling capacity at idle condition |
DE102020100428A1 (de) * | 2019-02-06 | 2020-08-06 | Hanon Systems | Klimatisierungs- und Batteriekühlanordnung mit hoher Kälteleistung und passiver Batteriekühlung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimatisierungs- und Batteriekühlanordnung |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3151532A1 (fr) * | 2023-07-25 | 2025-01-31 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Système de conditionnement d’air de l’habitacle d’un véhicule électrique |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3128409B1 (fr) | 2023-10-27 |
US20240424856A1 (en) | 2024-12-26 |
EP4422894A1 (fr) | 2024-09-04 |
CN118450994A (zh) | 2024-08-06 |
FR3128409A1 (fr) | 2023-04-28 |
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