WO2023052704A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023052704A1 WO2023052704A1 PCT/FR2022/051717 FR2022051717W WO2023052704A1 WO 2023052704 A1 WO2023052704 A1 WO 2023052704A1 FR 2022051717 W FR2022051717 W FR 2022051717W WO 2023052704 A1 WO2023052704 A1 WO 2023052704A1
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- silicon carbide
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 143
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010070 molecular adhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
- C30B25/20—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate the substrate being of the same materials as the epitaxial layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B28/00—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
- C30B28/12—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure directly from the gas state
- C30B28/14—Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure directly from the gas state by chemical reaction of reactive gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/36—Carbides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
- H01L21/02373—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02378—Silicon carbide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/02428—Structure
- H01L21/0243—Surface structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/02433—Crystal orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02441—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02447—Silicon carbide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02494—Structure
- H01L21/02496—Layer structure
- H01L21/02502—Layer structure consisting of two layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02524—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02529—Silicon carbide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02656—Special treatments
- H01L21/02658—Pretreatments
Definitions
- TITLE PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOS ITE STRUCTURE
- the present invention relates to the field of semiconductor materials for microelectronic components. It relates in particular to a process for manufacturing a composite structure comprising a thin layer of monocrystalline silicon carbide on a support substrate of polycrystalline silicon carbide, and providing good vertical electrical conduction between the thin layer and the support substrate.
- Power devices and integrated power systems based on monocrystalline silicon carbide can handle much higher power density compared to their traditional silicon counterparts, and this with smaller active area dimensions.
- To further limit the dimensions of power devices on SiC it is advantageous to manufacture vertical rather than lateral components. For this, vertical electrical conduction, between an electrode arranged on the front face of the Sic structure and an electrode arranged on the rear face, must be authorized by said structure.
- composites typically comprising a thin layer of single-crystal SiC on a lower cost support substrate.
- a well-known thin film transfer solution is the Smart CutTM process, based on light ion implantation and direct bonding assembly. Such a process makes it possible, for example, to manufacture a composite structure comprising a thin layer of monocrystalline SiC (c-SiC), taken from a donor substrate of c-SiC, in direct contact with a support substrate of polycrystalline SiC (p- SiC), and allowing vertical electrical conduction.
- F. Mu et al (ECS Transactions, 86 (5) 3-21, 2018) implement direct bonding, after activation of the surfaces to be assembled by argon bombardment (SAB for “Surface Activation Bonding”): such a treatment prior to Bonding generates a very high density of dangling bonds, which promote the formation of covalent bonds at the assembly interface, and therefore a high bonding energy.
- SAB Surface Activation Bonding
- This method nevertheless has the drawback of generating an amorphous layer, on the surface of the monocrystalline SiC donor substrate, which adversely impacts the vertical electrical conduction between the thin c-SiC layer and the p-SiC support substrate.
- Document W02021/019137 describes a method for manufacturing a composite structure comprising a thin layer of monocrystalline silicon carbide placed on a support substrate of polycrystalline silicon carbide, the method comprising:
- a second deposition step at a temperature above 1000° C. to form an additional layer of polycrystalline silicon carbide on the intermediate layer, said intermediate layer and the additional layer forming the support substrate.
- a separation along the buried fragile plane takes place during the second deposition step, leading to the obtaining of the composite structure.
- ion implantation through a thick p-SiC intermediate layer remains relatively complex and costly because it involves implantation energies and doses that are far from the standards.
- the present invention relates to an alternative solution to those of the state of the art, and aims to remedy all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks. It relates in particular to a process for manufacturing a composite structure comprising a thin layer of c-SiC placed on a support substrate of p-SiC, and providing excellent vertical electrical conduction between the thin layer and the support substrate.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite structure comprising a thin layer of monocrystalline silicon carbide placed on a support substrate of polycrystalline silicon carbide, the method comprising: a) a step of providing an initial substrate in monocrystalline silicon carbide, b) a first deposition step at a temperature above 1100° C.
- a first layer in polycrystalline silicon carbide on a front face of the initial substrate having a thickness less than l
- a step of ion implantation of light species through the first layer to form a fragile plane buried in the initial substrate, delimiting the thin layer between said buried fragile plane and the front face of the initial substrate, d) a second deposition step at a temperature below 900° C.
- a third deposition step at a temperature greater than 1000° C. to form a third layer of silicon carbide polycrystalline on the second layer, the first, second and third layers forming the support substrate, a separation along the buried fragile plane taking place during the third deposition step.
- the first deposition step and the third deposition step are carried out by chemical vapor deposition, at a temperature between 1100° C. and 1600° C., preferably between 1200° C. and 1600° C., even more preferably between 1200° C. °C and 1400°C;
- the first layer has a dopant concentration greater than 5.10 19 /cm 3 ;
- the first layer has a thickness of between 50 nm and 500 nm, or even between 50 nm and 200 nm;
- the manufacturing method comprises, before the first deposition step, a step of preparing the initial substrate comprising at least one deoxidation of a front face of said initial substrate;
- the manufacturing process comprises, before step b), a step a′) of forming an intermediate layer on the front face of the initial substrate to promote electrical conduction, the first layer then being formed on said intermediate layer at the course of step b);
- the intermediate layer is made of silicon
- the third layer formed in step e) has a thickness greater than or equal to 100 ⁇ m and a dopant concentration greater than 10 19 /cm 3 , at least over its first hundred microns of thickness.
- Figure 1 shows a composite structure developed according to a manufacturing method according to the invention
- FIG. 2f Figures 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2e' and 2f show steps of a manufacturing method according to the invention.
- the figures are schematic representations which, for the purpose of readability, are not to scale.
- the thicknesses of the layers along the z axis are not to scale with respect to the lateral dimensions along the x and y axes; and the relative thicknesses of the layers between them are not observed in the figures.
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite structure 1 comprising a thin layer 10 of monocrystalline silicon carbide placed on a support substrate 20 of polycrystalline silicon carbide (FIG. 1).
- the method firstly comprises a step a) of supplying an initial substrate 11 of monocrystalline silicon carbide (c-SiC) (FIG. 2a).
- the initial substrate 11 is preferably in the form of a wafer with a diameter of 100mm, 150mm, 200mm or even 300mm and a thickness typically comprised between 300 and 800 microns. It has a front face 11a and a rear face 11b.
- the surface roughness of the front face IIa is advantageously chosen to be less than Inm Ra, mean roughness (“average roughness”) measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) on a scan of 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
- the thin c-SiC layer 10 of the composite structure 1 will be formed, at the end of the process of the present invention, from the initial substrate 11: thus, the crystallographic orientation, the crystalline quality as well as the level of doping of the initial substrate 11 are chosen to meet the specifications required of the vertical components intended to be produced on the thin layer 10.
- the initial substrate 11 in c-SiC is of 4H or 6H polytype, presenting a disorientation ("offcut") of the order of 4.0° with respect to the crystallographic axis ⁇ ll-20> ⁇ 0.5°, and a density of through dislocations (“Micropipes”) less than or equal to 5/cm 2 , or even less than 1/cm 2 .
- N-type doped (nitrogen) it has a resistivity preferably between 0.015 ohm. cm and 0.030 ohm. cm.
- an initial substrate 11 having a low dislocation density of the BPD type (“basal plane dislocation” according to the English terminology), typically less than or equal to 1500/cm 2 depending on the sensitivity of the components targeted at these defects.
- the initial substrate 11 may comprise a surface layer on its front face 11a, produced for example by epitaxy, and having the properties required for a future thin layer 10, which will be formed, at the end of the method of the present invention, from said surface layer.
- the method then comprises a step b), called the first deposition step, to form a first layer 21 of polycrystalline silicon carbide (p-SiC) on the front face 11a of the initial substrate 11 (FIG. 2b).
- p-SiC polycrystalline silicon carbide
- the first layer 21 can be formed directly on the front face IIa of the initial substrate 11 or indirectly, that is to say via an intermediate layer which will be interposed between the initial substrate 11 and the first layer 21.
- an intermediate layer which will be interposed between the initial substrate 11 and the first layer 21.
- the first layer 21 has a thickness of less than 1 im.
- the thickness of this first layer 21 is less than or equal to 500 nm, typically between 50 nm and 200 nm.
- the first layer 21 also has a dopant concentration greater than 10 19 /cm 3 .
- the dopants are usually desired of the same type as the dopants of the future thin layer 10, therefore in this case, of the same type as the dopants of the initial substrate 11; in SiC composite structures intended for power applications, the dopants are most often chosen from the N (nitrogen) type.
- the dopant concentration of the first layer 21 is chosen between 10 19 /cm 3 and some 10 21 /cm 3 .
- the concentration of dopants is greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ 10 19 /cm 3 , for example greater than or equal to 3 ⁇ 10 2 °/cm 3 , in particular between 4 ⁇ 10 2 °/cm 3 and 6 ⁇ 10 2 °/cm 3 .
- Such a level of polycrystalline silicon carbide doping will promote the establishment of good electrical conduction between the thin layer 10 (which will be transferred subsequently of the initial substrate 11) and the support substrate 20 (which includes, inter alia, the first layer 21).
- the p-SiC deposition of step b) is carried out at a temperature above 1100°C. It is advantageously produced by a technique of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), for example based on chlorinated precursors, and at a temperature of between 1100° C. and 1600° C. Even more advantageously, the deposition temperature is between 1200°C and 1600°C, in particular between 1200°C and 1400°C.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the parameters of the first deposit are determined so that the first layer 21 has, in addition to its good electrical conductivity due to the high doping and its uniformity in terms of polytype (advantageously 3C), a high thermal conductivity (typically, greater than or equal to 200 Wm _1 .K -1 ) and a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of the future thin layer 10 (typically between 3.8 E -6 /K and 4.2 E -6 /K at room temperature).
- step b because it is operated at high temperatures, even at very high temperatures, promotes the formation of a good quality SiC poly-crystal with a low level of stress, with characteristics structural properties compatible with the intended electrical, thermal and mechanical properties.
- the first intermediate layer 21 may comprise grains of the 3C SiC type, oriented 111, with an average size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and a concentration of N dopants of the order of 5.10 20 /cm 3 (equivalent to a resistivity of the order of 2 mohm.cm).
- the manufacturing method comprises, before step b), a step of preparing the initial substrate 11 comprising at least one sequence of deoxidation of the front face IIa of said initial substrate 11.
- This sequence may by example be carried out by immersion in a bath of hydrofluoric acid (HF), by exposure to HF vapors or even by annealing under hydrogen in the preliminary phase of the first p-SiC deposition.
- the preparation step can also include cleaning sequences to eliminate all or part of the particulate, metallic or organic contaminants potentially present on the faces 11a, 11b of the initial substrate 11.
- the method may comprise, before step b), a step a′) of forming an intermediate layer on the front face IIa of the initial substrate 11 to promote electrical conduction, the first layer 21 being intended to then be formed on said intermediate layer during step b).
- Such an intermediate layer may for example be made of silicon, amorphous or polycrystalline, optionally heavily doped of the same type as the initial substrate 11.
- Other materials, capable of establishing good electrical contact between the first layer 21 and the initial substrate 11, can also be considered, such as titanium, nickel, aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, cobalt or copper.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer is kept small, typically less than 20 nm, or even less than 10 nm.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention further comprises a step c) of ion implantation of light species through the first layer 21, to a determined depth in the initial substrate 11. This implantation generates a buried fragile plane 12 in the initial substrate 11 (FIG. 2c).
- the implanted light species are preferentially hydrogen, helium or a co-implantation of these two species. As is well known with reference to the Smart CutTM process, these light species will form, around the determined depth, microcavities distributed in a thin layer parallel to the free surface of the first layer 21, i.e. parallel to the plane (x, y) in the figures. This thin layer is called the buried fragile plane, for simplicity.
- the buried fragile plane 12 delimits the future thin layer 10, with the front face of the initial substrate 11.
- the implantation energy of the light species is chosen so as to cross the first layer 21 and to reach the determined depth in the initial substrate 11, said depth corresponding to a targeted thickness of the thin layer 10. It remains within the conventional implantation energy ranges due to the small thickness of the first layer 21.
- hydrogen ions will be implanted at an energy of between 50 keV and 210 keV, and at a dose of between 5 E 16/cm 2 and 1 E 17/cm 2 , to cross a first layer 21 of 50 nm to 1 im and delimiting a thin layer 10 of the order of 100 to 1500 nm.
- a protective layer could be deposited on the free face of the first layer 21, prior to the ion implantation step, and be removed before the next step d) of the method.
- This protective layer can be composed of a material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride for example.
- the manufacturing method then comprises a step d), called the second deposition step, to form a second layer 22 on the first layer 21 (FIG. 2d); this second layer 22 is formed from amorphous (a-SiC) or polycrystalline (p-SiC) silicon carbide or from a mixture of a-SiC and p-SiC.
- the second deposition of a-SiC or p-SiC is carried out at a temperature less than or equal to 900°C, preferably less than or equal to 800°C.
- the thermal budget of the second deposition is chosen so as to remain lower than the thermal budget for bubbling or fracture at the level of the buried fragile plane 12.
- the temperatures implemented for the deposition of step d) and the deposition times do not allow the cavities and microcracks in the buried fragile plane 12 to grow thermally until causing local deformations (bubbling) of the stack of layers (thin layer 10, first layer 21, second layer 22), or until inducing partial delamination or separation by a complete fracture all along the buried fragile plane 12.
- the second deposition is carried out at 750-800° C., making it possible to obtain a second layer 22 thickness of the order of 10-15 ⁇ m.
- a conventional technique of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can be implemented.
- the second layer 22 has a thickness greater than or equal to 10 ⁇ m. This minimum thickness is defined to ensure that the second layer 22 has a stiffening role authorizing the application, at a later stage of the process, of a higher thermal budget, to cause the thermal growth of the cavities and microcracks in the buried fragile plane 12 , as will be described later.
- the second layer 22 also has a concentration of dopants of the same type as those of the first layer 21, greater than 10 19 /cm 3 .
- concentration of dopants in the second layer 22 is advantageously chosen between 5.10 19 /cm 3 and some 10 2 °/cm 3 , or even some 10 21 /cm 3 .
- the objective is to ensure a certain continuity of electrical conductivity between the first layer 21 and the second layer 22, although the latter is of lower quality, due to its low deposition temperature.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention finally comprises a step e), called the third deposition step, to form a third layer 23 of polycrystalline silicon carbide on the second layer 22 (FIG. 2e).
- the third deposition is carried out at a temperature above 1000° C. to ensure a sufficient deposition rate.
- this third deposition is advantageously carried out by a technique of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), at a temperature between 1100° C. and 1600° C., preferably between 1200° C. and 1600°C.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the parameters of the third deposition are also determined so that the third layer 23 has good electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity (greater than or equal to 200 Wm _1 .K -1 ) and a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of the layer thin 10.
- the temperature and the conditions of the third deposition may be identical to or different from those of the first deposition in step b).
- step e) at high temperature will generate its crystallization in polycrystalline form.
- the third layer 23 formed in step e) has a thickness greater than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, or even greater than or equal to 200 ⁇ m.
- the assembly formed by the first layer 21, the second layer 22 and the third layer 23 forms the p-SiC support substrate 20 of the composite structure 1. This is my oritarily the third layer 23 which gives the support substrate 20 its thickness and therefore its mechanical characteristics. The thickness of the third layer 23 is therefore adjusted to the specifications required for the support substrate 20.
- the third layer 23 advantageously has a concentration of dopants greater than 10 19 /cm 3 , at least over its first hundred microns of thickness.
- the doping can be uniform over the entire thickness of the third layer 23 or decrease gradually or abruptly beyond a certain thickness (for example 100 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m or more) to limit the stress in layer and simplify deposition.
- the type of dopants is chosen to be identical to those of the first layer 21 and of the second layer 22.
- the separation generally takes place before the third layer 23 reaches its target thickness, given the thermal budget of the third deposition, which is much higher than that of the fracture. Whatever the thickness of this layer 23 when the separation takes place, the fracture wave will propagate over the entire extent of the buried fragile plane 12 because the second layer 22 alone has sufficient thickness to guarantee a stiffening effect: the cavities therefore do not deform the layer in the form of bubbling.
- the thickness of the second layer 22 alone also makes it possible to maintain the integrity of the intermediate composite structure 1′ (figure e′), avoiding chipping or deterioration of said structure until the finalization of the third layer 23.
- the third deposition can thus continue until the target thickness of the third layer 23 is reached and the final composite structure 1 is obtained (FIG. 2f).
- steps b), d) and e) of deposition of the manufacturing process conventional surface preparation steps may be carried out prior to the formation of the first 21, second 22 and/or third 23 layers.
- the manufacturing method comprises finishing steps applied to the final composite structure 1 obtained at the end of step e). These finishing steps aim in particular to improve the roughness of the free surface of the thin layer 10 (front face of the final composite structure 1) and possibly the roughness of the free face of the third layer 23 (rear face of the composite structure final 1) .
- the free face of the thin layer 10 typically has a roughness of between 3 nm and 6 nm Ra (AFM - scan 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m).
- the objective for the subsequent manufacture of components is to have a roughness lower than Inm Ra.
- the roughness after the third deposition is typically greater than 100 nm Ra, or even greater than 100 nm Ra; the goal is usually to lower the roughness to less than 3nm Ra.
- the finishing steps may in particular make use of known mechanical and/or mechanical-chemical polishing techniques, applied to the front face of the final composite structure 1, to its rear face, or to both faces simultaneously using double-sided polishing.
- the polishing process may be different between the front face and the rear face, the smoothing of a c-SiC surface and of a p-SiC surface usually requiring different consumables.
- the finishing steps can also include heat treatments at high or very high temperatures, typically between 1500° C. and 1900° C., to restore the crystalline quality and the electrical properties of the thin layer 10, as well as to standardize the structural characteristics of the different layers 21,22,23 of the support substrate 20.
- the composite structure 1 according to the invention has the advantage of excellent electrical conduction between the thin layer 10 and the support substrate 20, ie in particular an interface resistivity of less than 5.10 ⁇ 5 ohm. cm 2 , or even less than or equal to 10“ 5 ohm. cm 2 .
- the initial substrate 11 provided in the first step of the manufacturing process is a c-SiC wafer, of polytype 4H, of orientation 4.0° with respect to the axis ⁇ ll-20 > ⁇ 0.5°, with a diameter of 150mm and a thickness of 350pm and an average resistivity of 20mOhm.cm.
- a classic cleaning sequence of the RCA type (Standard Clean 1 + Standard Clean 2), then Caro (mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide), then HF (hydrofluoric acid), is operated on the initial substrate 11 prior to the first deposition step.
- a CVD deposition based on chlorinated precursors, at a temperature of 1300° C. is carried out on the front face IIa of the initial substrate 11, generating a first p-SiC layer 21 500 nm thick, and having a concentration of N dopants (nitrogen) of 5.10 20 /cm 3 .
- the resistivity at the deposition interface is of the order of 10.sup.5 ohm. cm 2 .
- the implantation of hydrogen ions is carried out at an energy of 200keV and a dose of 6 E 16 H+/cm 2 , through the free surface of the first layer 21.
- a buried fragile plane 12 is thus created at a depth of approximately 1.2 ⁇ m in the initial substrate 11.
- An RCA + Caro type cleaning sequence is carried out on the structure, so as to eliminate potential contamination on the free face of the first layer 21.
- a second CVD deposition of SiC, polycrystalline or amorphous or of mixed p-SiC/a-SiC structure, is carried out on the first layer 21, at a temperature of 800° C., so as to reach a thickness of the second layer 22 of 10
- a concentration of N (nitrogen) dopants of 5.10 2 °/cm 3 is incorporated into the second layer 22 during deposition.
- a new RCA + Caro type cleaning sequence is carried out on the structure obtained, so as to eliminate potential contamination on the free face of the second layer 22.
- a third CVD deposition is carried out on the second layer 22, at a temperature of 1300° C., so as to achieve a thickness of the third layer 23 of 350 ⁇ m.
- the initial 100 ⁇ m of the third layer 23 are doped with N (nitrogen) with a concentration of the order of 5.10 2 °/cm 3 , then the doping decreases during growth to reach 5.10 18 /cm 3 at target thickness of 350
- the thermal budget of the third CVD deposition causes the crystallization of the second layer 22 in polycrystalline form. The separation takes place at the level of the buried fragile plane 12 during the third deposition. At the end of the latter, the composite structure 1 formed of the thin layer 10 and of the support substrate 20 is separated from the remainder 11' of the initial substrate 11.
- a mechanical then mechanical-chemical polishing is carried out to restore the surface roughness of the rear p-SiC face of the support substrate 20 (free face of the third layer 23); it is typically possible to remove a thickness of p-SiC of the order of a few microns to a few 10 ⁇ m.
- Mechanical-chemical polishing is carried out to restore the surface roughness of the thin layer 10; the removal here is on the order of a few tens to a few hundred nanometers.
- a heat treatment at 1700° C. for 30 min is applied to the composite structure 1 before or after the aforementioned mechanical-chemical polishing, carried out on the side of the thin layer 10.
- the thermal budget of the third CVD deposition is not sufficient to cause the crystallization of the second layer 22 (in whole or in part amorphous during the second deposition), in its entirety, in polycrystalline form.
- an additional heat treatment is likely to be provided, to cause this crystallization, before or after the third deposition.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2024517439A JP2024533618A (ja) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-13 | 多結晶SiCから作られているキャリア基板に単結晶SiCから作られている薄層を備える複合構造体を製作するためのプロセス |
US18/693,491 US20240271321A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-13 | Method for manufacturing a composite structure comprising a thin film of monocrystalline sic on a carrier substrate of polycrystalline sic |
EP22783545.1A EP4409621A1 (fr) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-13 | Procédé de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin |
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FR2110273A FR3127627B1 (fr) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Procédé de fabrication d’une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin |
FRFR2110273 | 2021-09-29 |
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WO2023052704A1 true WO2023052704A1 (fr) | 2023-04-06 |
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PCT/FR2022/051717 WO2023052704A1 (fr) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-13 | Procédé de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin |
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US (1) | US20240271321A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4409621A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2024533618A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3127627B1 (fr) |
TW (1) | TW202331791A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023052704A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3168862A1 (fr) | 2014-07-10 | 2017-05-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Substrat semi-conducteur et procédé de fabrication de substrat semi-conducteur |
WO2021019137A1 (fr) | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-04 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin |
WO2021105575A1 (fr) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic cristallin |
WO2021191512A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic |
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 FR FR2110273A patent/FR3127627B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-12 TW TW111134354A patent/TW202331791A/zh unknown
- 2022-09-13 WO PCT/FR2022/051717 patent/WO2023052704A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-09-13 EP EP22783545.1A patent/EP4409621A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-09-13 US US18/693,491 patent/US20240271321A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-13 JP JP2024517439A patent/JP2024533618A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3168862A1 (fr) | 2014-07-10 | 2017-05-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Substrat semi-conducteur et procédé de fabrication de substrat semi-conducteur |
WO2021019137A1 (fr) | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-04 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic polycristallin |
WO2021105575A1 (fr) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic cristallin |
WO2021191512A1 (fr) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | Soitec | Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite comprenant une couche mince en sic monocristallin sur un substrat support en sic |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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F.MU ET AL., ECS TRANSACTIONS, vol. 86, no. 5, 2018, pages 3 - 21 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2024533618A (ja) | 2024-09-12 |
US20240271321A1 (en) | 2024-08-15 |
TW202331791A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
FR3127627B1 (fr) | 2024-08-09 |
EP4409621A1 (fr) | 2024-08-07 |
FR3127627A1 (fr) | 2023-03-31 |
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