WO2022163272A1 - 作業機械を制御するためのシステム、方法、および作業機械 - Google Patents
作業機械を制御するためのシステム、方法、および作業機械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022163272A1 WO2022163272A1 PCT/JP2021/048372 JP2021048372W WO2022163272A1 WO 2022163272 A1 WO2022163272 A1 WO 2022163272A1 JP 2021048372 W JP2021048372 W JP 2021048372W WO 2022163272 A1 WO2022163272 A1 WO 2022163272A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/84—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
- E02F3/841—Devices for controlling and guiding the whole machine, e.g. by feeler elements and reference lines placed exteriorly of the machine
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2045—Guiding machines along a predetermined path
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/261—Surveying the work-site to be treated
- E02F9/262—Surveying the work-site to be treated with follow-up actions to control the work tool, e.g. controller
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
- E02F3/80—Component parts
- E02F3/84—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
- E02F3/841—Devices for controlling and guiding the whole machine, e.g. by feeler elements and reference lines placed exteriorly of the machine
- E02F3/842—Devices for controlling and guiding the whole machine, e.g. by feeler elements and reference lines placed exteriorly of the machine using electromagnetic, optical or photoelectric beams, e.g. laser beams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to systems, methods, and work machines for controlling work machines.
- control has been proposed that automatically adjusts the position of work machines such as blades.
- the controller acquires current terrain data indicating the current terrain.
- the controller determines the target profile as the terrain obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain by the target displacement.
- the controller operates the work implement according to the target profile.
- the existing terrain is thereby formed into a shape according to the target profile.
- the work machine moves forward, starts work with the work machine from a predetermined starting position, and operates the work machine according to the target profile. Then, when the work machine reaches the predetermined end position, it moves backward to the next start position. In this manner, the work machine performs work in one work path.
- a work pass means a series of work steps from a predetermined start position to a predetermined end position.
- the target profile when the target profile is determined by displacing the current topography in the vertical direction by the target displacement, the target profile is affected by the current topography.
- the target profile for the next work pass is determined over the previous work pass, the target profile for the next work pass is affected by the current terrain from the previous work pass. Therefore, the target profile in the next work pass may have steep slopes or bumps due to the existing terrain from the previous work pass. In that case, the quality of work or work efficiency will fall. For example, when the cutting angle suddenly increases, the load applied to the work machine suddenly increases, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.
- An object of the present disclosure is to improve the quality of work or work efficiency in the next work pass by suppressing the influence of the terrain caused by the previous work pass in automatic control of a work machine.
- a system is a system for controlling a working machine including a working machine.
- a system includes a sensor and a controller.
- a sensor detects the current position of the work machine.
- a controller communicates with the sensor.
- the controller is programmed to do the following:
- the controller acquires current position data indicating the current position of the work machine.
- a controller obtains existing terrain data indicative of existing terrain.
- the controller obtains default target displacement data.
- the default target displacement data defines a target displacement according to the amount of movement of the work machine.
- the controller gets the work interval.
- the work interval indicates the distance between the previous start position of the work by the work machine and the current start position located behind the previous start position.
- the controller generates modified data by modifying the default target displacement data according to the work interval.
- the controller refers to the correction data and determines a target displacement according to the movement amount of the work machine from the current start position.
- the controller determines terrain data obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain data downward by the target displacement as the target profile.
- the controller operates the work implement according to the target profile.
- a method is a method for controlling a working machine including a working machine.
- the method according to this aspect includes the following processes.
- a first process is to obtain current position data indicating the current position of the work machine.
- the second process is to obtain current terrain data indicating current terrain.
- the third process is to obtain default target displacement data.
- the default target displacement data defines a target displacement according to the amount of movement of the work machine.
- the fourth process is to obtain the work interval.
- the work interval indicates the distance between the previous start position of the work by the work machine and the current start position located behind the previous start position.
- a fifth process is to generate corrected data by correcting the default target displacement data according to the work interval.
- a sixth process is to refer to the correction data and determine a target displacement according to the amount of movement of the work machine from the current start position.
- the seventh process is to determine, as a target profile, terrain data obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain data downward by the target displacement.
- the eighth process is to operate the work implement according to the target profile. Note that the order in which each process is executed is not limited to the order described above, and may be changed.
- a working machine includes a working machine, a sensor, and a controller.
- a sensor detects the current position of the work machine.
- a controller communicates with the sensor.
- the controller is programmed to do the following: The controller acquires current position data indicating the current position of the work machine.
- a controller obtains existing terrain data indicative of existing terrain.
- the controller obtains default target displacement data.
- the default target displacement data defines a target displacement according to the amount of movement of the work machine.
- the controller gets the work interval.
- the work interval indicates the distance between the previous start position of the work by the work machine and the current start position located behind the previous start position.
- the controller generates modified data by modifying the default target displacement data according to the work interval.
- the controller refers to the correction data and determines a target displacement according to the movement amount of the work machine from the current start position.
- the controller determines terrain data obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain data downward by the target displacement as the target profile.
- the controller operates the work implement according to the target profile.
- corrected data is generated by correcting the default target displacement data according to the distance between the previous start position and the current start position. Then, the target displacement is determined by referring to the correction data, and the terrain data obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain data downward by the target displacement is determined as the target profile. Therefore, the target profile for the current work pass is determined in consideration of the topography of the previous work pass. As a result, it is possible to suppress the influence of the topography caused by the previous work pass and improve the quality of work or work efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a drive system and a control system of a working machine;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a working machine;
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example final design terrain, existing terrain, and a target profile;
- 4 is a flow chart showing processing of automatic control of the working machine; It is a figure which shows an example of target displacement data.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target profile generated from target displacement data; 4 is a flowchart showing processing for correcting target displacement data; It is a figure which shows an example of 1st correction data.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target profile generated from first correction data; It is a figure which shows an example of 2nd correction data.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target profile generated from second correction data;
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a drive system and a control system of a working machine according to a modification;
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a drive system and a control system of a work machine according to another modified example; It is a figure which shows an example of the 1st correction data which concerns on a modification.
- It is a figure which shows an example of the 2nd correction data which concerns on a modification.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target profile generated from second correction data according to a modification;
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a work machine 1 according to an embodiment.
- a working machine 1 according to this embodiment is a bulldozer.
- the working machine 1 includes a vehicle body 11, a traveling device 12, and a working machine 13.
- the vehicle body 11 has a driver's cab 14 and an engine room 15.
- a driver's seat (not shown) is arranged in the driver's cab 14 .
- the engine compartment 15 is arranged in front of the operator's cab 14 .
- the travel device 12 is attached to the lower portion of the vehicle body 11 .
- the travel device 12 has a pair of left and right crawler belts 16 . 1, only the left crawler belt 16 is illustrated.
- the work machine 1 travels as the crawler belt 16 rotates.
- the traveling of the work machine 1 may be in any form of autonomous traveling, semi-autonomous traveling, and traveling by operator's operation.
- the working machine 13 is attached to the vehicle body 11 and the traveling device 12.
- the working machine 13 has a lift frame 17 , blades 18 and lift cylinders 19 .
- Trunnions (cylindrical protrusions) are arranged on the left and right side portions of the travel device 12 with the axis X extending in the vehicle width direction as the central axis.
- the lift frame 17 is attached to the travel device 12 via a trunnion so as to be vertically operable.
- Lift frame 17 supports blade 18 .
- the blade 18 is arranged in front of the vehicle body 11 .
- the blade 18 moves up and down as the lift frame 17 moves up and down.
- Lift cylinder 19 is connected to vehicle body 11 and lift frame 17 .
- the lift frame 17 rotates up and down around the axis X by extending and contracting the lift cylinder 19 . Extension of the lift cylinder 19 raises the blade 18 .
- Blade 18 is lowered by retraction of lift cylinder 19 .
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the drive system 2 and the control system 3 of the work machine 1.
- the drive system 2 includes an engine 22, a hydraulic pump 23, and a power transmission device .
- the hydraulic pump 23 is driven by the engine 22 and discharges hydraulic oil. Hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 23 is supplied to the lift cylinder 19 .
- one hydraulic pump 23 is illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of hydraulic pumps may be provided.
- the power transmission device 24 transmits the driving force of the engine 22 to the traveling device 12.
- the power transmission device 24 may be, for example, an HST (Hydro Static Transmission).
- the power transmission device 24 may be, for example, a torque converter or a transmission with multiple gears.
- the control system 3 includes an operation device 25a, an input device 25b, a controller 26, a storage device 28, and a control valve 27.
- the operation device 25a is a device for operating the work implement 13 and the traveling device 12. As shown in FIG.
- the operation device 25a is arranged in the operator's cab 14. As shown in FIG.
- the operation device 25a receives an operator's operation for driving the work implement 13 and the traveling device 12, and outputs an operation signal according to the operation.
- the operation device 25a includes, for example, operation levers, pedals, switches, and the like.
- the operating device 25a for traveling can be operated to a forward position, a reverse position, and a neutral position.
- the operating device 25a for the working machine 13 can be operated between a raised position and a lowered position.
- An operation signal indicating the position of the operation device 25a is output to the controller .
- the controller 26 controls the travel device 12 or the power transmission device 24 so that the work machine 1 moves forward when the operating position of the operating device 25a is the forward position.
- the controller 26 controls the traveling device 12 or the power transmission device 24 so that the working machine 1 moves backward.
- the input device 25b is, for example, a touch panel type input device. However, the input device 25b may be another input device such as a switch. The operator can use the input device 25b to input settings for automatic control, which will be described later.
- the controller 26 is programmed to control the work machine 1 based on the acquired data.
- Controller 26 includes storage device 28 and processor 30 .
- Processor 30 includes, for example, a CPU.
- Storage device 28 includes, for example, a memory and an auxiliary storage device.
- the storage device 28 may be, for example, RAM or ROM.
- the storage device 28 may be a semiconductor memory, hard disk, or the like.
- Storage device 28 is an example of a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
- Storage device 28 stores computer instructions executable by processor 30 to control work machine 1 .
- the controller 26 acquires an operation signal from the operation device 25a. Controller 26 controls control valve 27 based on the operation signal. Control valve 27 is a proportional control valve and is controlled by a command signal from controller 26 . Control valve 27 is arranged between a hydraulic actuator such as lift cylinder 19 and hydraulic pump 23 . A control valve 27 controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 23 to the lift cylinder 19 . The controller 26 generates a command signal to the control valve 27 so that the blade 18 operates according to the operation of the operating device 25a described above. Thereby, the lift cylinder 19 is controlled according to the operation amount of the operating device 25a.
- the controller 26 controls the control valve 27 so that the work implement 13 is raised.
- the controller 26 controls the control valve 27 so that the work implement 13 is lowered.
- the control valve 27 may be a pressure proportional control valve.
- the control valve 27 may be an electromagnetic proportional control valve.
- the control system 3 includes a stroke sensor 29.
- the stroke sensor 29 detects the stroke length of the lift cylinder 19 (hereinafter referred to as "lift cylinder length").
- the controller 26 calculates the lift angle ⁇ lift of the blade 18 based on the lift cylinder length.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the working machine 1. As shown in FIG.
- the origin position of the working machine 13 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
- the origin position of the work implement 13 is the position of the blade 18 on the horizontal ground when the cutting edge of the blade 18 is in contact with the ground.
- the lift angle ⁇ lift is defined by the lower end (cutting edge position P0) of the blade 18 at the origin position when the work machine 1 is viewed from the side, the axis X, and the lower end (cutting edge position P0 ).
- the control system 3 has a position sensor 31.
- Position sensor 31 measures the position of work machine 1 .
- the position sensor 31 comprises a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver 32 , an IMU 33 and an antenna 35 .
- the GNSS receiver 32 is, for example, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver.
- the GNSS receiver 32 receives positioning signals from satellites, calculates the position of the antenna 35 based on the positioning signals, and generates vehicle body position data.
- Controller 26 obtains vehicle body position data from GNSS receiver 32 .
- the IMU 33 is an inertial measurement unit.
- the IMU 33 acquires vehicle body tilt angle data and vehicle acceleration data.
- the vehicle body tilt angle data includes an angle (pitch angle) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle with respect to the horizontal and an angle (roll angle) in the lateral direction of the vehicle with respect to the horizontal.
- the vehicle body acceleration data includes the acceleration of work machine 1 .
- the controller 26 obtains the traveling direction and vehicle speed of the working machine 1 from the vehicle body acceleration data.
- the controller 26 acquires vehicle body tilt angle data and vehicle body acceleration data from the IMU 33 .
- the controller 26 calculates the cutting edge position P0 from the lift cylinder length, vehicle body position data, and vehicle body tilt angle data.
- the controller 26 calculates global coordinates of the antenna 35 based on the vehicle body position data.
- the controller 26 calculates the lift angle ⁇ lift based on the lift cylinder length and vehicle body dimension data.
- the vehicle body dimension data is stored in storage device 28 and includes data indicating the position of work implement 13 with respect to axis X.
- the controller 26 calculates the local coordinates of the cutting edge position P0 with respect to the antenna 35 based on the lift angle ⁇ lift and the vehicle body dimension data.
- Controller 26 calculates the traveling direction and vehicle speed of work machine 1 from the vehicle body acceleration data.
- the vehicle body dimension data includes data indicating the position of work implement 13 with respect to antenna 35 .
- the controller 26 calculates the global coordinates of the cutting edge position P0 based on the global coordinates of the antenna 35, the local coordinates of the cutting edge position P0, and the vehicle body tilt angle data.
- the controller 26 acquires the global coordinates of the cutting edge position P0 as cutting edge position data.
- the storage device 28 stores work site data and designed terrain data.
- Worksite data indicates the current topography of the worksite.
- the work site data is, for example, a current topographic survey map in the form of three-dimensional data.
- Worksite data can be obtained, for example, by aerial laser surveying. Alternatively, the work site data may be acquired based on the work results of the work machines operating at the work site.
- the controller 26 acquires current terrain data.
- the existing terrain data indicates the existing terrain 50 of the work site.
- the current terrain data is information indicating the terrain located in the traveling direction of the work machine 1 .
- Existing terrain data may be obtained from worksite data. Alternatively, the current terrain data may be obtained based on the work results of the previous work pass.
- the current topography data may be acquired based on the position data of the work machine during the backward movement after the previous work path work.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of the existing terrain 50. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis indicates the height of the terrain, and the horizontal axis indicates the distance from the current position in the traveling direction of the working machine 1. As shown in FIG.
- the current topography data is calculated and acquired by the controller 26 from the work site data, the position of the work machine 1 obtained from the position sensor 31 described above, and the traveling direction of the work machine 1.
- the current topography data may be data obtained by smoothing the data obtained from the work site data, the position of the work machine 1 obtained from the position sensor 31, and the traveling direction of the work machine 1.
- the current terrain data includes heights Z0 to Zn of the current terrain 50 at a plurality of reference points from the current position to a predetermined terrain recognition distance dn in the traveling direction of the work machine 1.
- the current position is a position determined based on the current cutting edge position P0 of the work machine 1.
- the current position may be determined based on the current positions of other parts of work machine 1 .
- the current position may be updated sequentially as the work machine travels.
- a plurality of reference points are arranged at predetermined intervals, for example, every 1 m.
- the design topography data indicates the final design topography 60.
- the final design terrain 60 is the final target shape of the worksite surface.
- the designed landform data is calculated and acquired from, for example, civil engineering working drawings in a three-dimensional data format.
- the designed topography data includes heights Zdesign of the final designed topography 60 at a plurality of reference points in the traveling direction of the work machine 1 .
- a plurality of reference points indicate a plurality of points at predetermined intervals along the traveling direction of work machine 1 .
- the current landform 50 and the final design landform 60 have flat shapes parallel to the horizontal direction, but they may have different shapes.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing processing for automatic control of the work implement 13 in excavation work. Note that FIG. 5 shows the processing in one work pass in the excavation work. It means the process up to the start of backward movement to move to the starting position.
- step S101 the controller 26 acquires current position data.
- the controller 26 acquires the current cutting edge position data of the blade 18 as the current position data, as described above.
- the controller 26 acquires the design landform data described above.
- step S103 the controller 26 acquires the current terrain data described above.
- the controller 26 acquires the work start position.
- the controller 26 acquires the position when the cutting edge position P0 first falls below the height Z0 of the current terrain 50 as the start position.
- the position at which the cutting edge of the blade 18 is lowered and excavation of the current landform 50 is started is obtained as the start position.
- the work start position may be acquired when the work implement 13 is lowered by the operator operating the operation device 25a.
- the work start position may be acquired when the work implement 13 is lowered by the controller 26 automatically controlling the work implement 13 .
- controller 26 may obtain the starting position by other methods.
- the controller 26 may acquire the start position based on an operation such as a screen operation using a button or a touch panel.
- the controller 26 acquires the movement amount of the work machine 1. Controller 26 acquires the distance traveled by work machine 1 from the start position to the current position as the amount of movement.
- the amount of movement of work machine 1 may be the amount of movement of vehicle body 11 .
- the amount of movement of work machine 1 may be the amount of movement of cutting edge position P0 of blade .
- step S106 the controller 26 determines the target profile 70.
- target profile 70 indicates the desired trajectory of the cutting edge of blade 18 during operation.
- the target profile 70 is the target shape of the terrain being worked on and indicates the shape desired as a result of the excavation operation.
- controller 26 determines the target profile 70 so as not to exceed the final design topography 60 below. Accordingly, controller 26 determines a target profile 70 located above and including final design terrain 60 and below existing terrain 50 during an excavation operation.
- the controller 26 determines a target displacement dz and a downwardly displaced target profile 70 from the current topography 50 .
- the target displacement dz is the target depth in the vertical direction at each reference point. Alternatively, the target displacement dz may be the target depth of the existing terrain 50 in the vertical direction.
- Controller 26 refers to target displacement data C and determines target displacement dz in accordance with the amount of movement of work machine 1 .
- the target displacement data C is stored in the storage device 28.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of target displacement data C. As shown in FIG.
- the target displacement data C defines the target displacement dz for the horizontal movement amount n of the working machine 1 .
- the controller 26 refers to the target displacement data C shown in FIG. 6 and determines the target displacement dz from the movement amount n of the work machine 1.
- the target displacement data C includes start time data C1, excavation time data C2, transition time data C3, and soil transport time data C4.
- the start time data C1 defines the relationship between the movement amount n and the target displacement dz in the excavation start area.
- the excavation start area is an area where the movement amount n is from 0 to the value b1.
- a target displacement dz that gradually increases as the movement amount n increases is defined.
- the starting time data C1 defines a target displacement dz that linearly increases up to the first target value a1 with respect to the movement amount n.
- Starting data C1 has a slope A1.
- the slope A1 is the ratio of the amount of change in the target displacement dz to the amount of change in the amount of movement n in the starting time data C1.
- the target displacement dz at the position where the movement amount n is 0, that is, the work start position is the start value a0.
- the excavation time data C2 defines the relationship between the movement amount n and the target displacement dz in the excavation area.
- the excavation area is an area where the amount of movement n ranges from value b1 to value b2.
- the excavation time data C2 defines a constant target displacement dz with respect to the movement amount n.
- the target displacement dz in the excavation area is constant at the first target value a1.
- the transition data C3 defines the relationship between the movement amount n and the target displacement dz in the soil transition area.
- the soil transfer region is a region where the amount of movement n ranges from value b2 to value b3.
- the target displacement dz that gradually decreases as the movement amount n increases is defined in the soil transition area.
- the transition data C3 defines the target displacement dz that linearly decreases to the second target value a2 with respect to the movement amount n.
- Transition data C3 has a slope A2.
- the slope A2 is the ratio of the amount of change in the target displacement dz to the amount of change in the amount of movement n in the transition data C3.
- the soil-carrying data C4 defines the relationship between the movement amount n and the target displacement dz in the soil-carrying area.
- the soil transport area is an area where the movement amount n is equal to or greater than the value b3.
- the target displacement dz is defined as a constant value in the soil-carrying area.
- the target displacement dz in the soil transport area is constant at the second target value a2.
- the second target value a2 is smaller than the first target value a1. Therefore, in the excavation area, a larger target displacement dz is defined than in the soil transportation area.
- the starting value a0, the first target value a1, and the second target value a2 are constants and stored in the storage device .
- the starting value a0 is preferably a small value that does not excessively increase the load on the blade 18 at the start of excavation.
- the first target value a1 is preferably a value that enables efficient excavation according to the performance of the work machine 1 and does not excessively increase running resistance.
- the second target value a2 is preferably set to a value suitable for soil transport work.
- the slopes A1 and A2 are constants and stored in the storage device 28. It is preferable that the slope A1 of the data C1 at the time of start is a value that enables a rapid transition from the start of excavation to the excavation work and that the load on the blade 18 does not become excessively large.
- the slope A2 of the transition time data C3 is preferably a value that enables rapid transition from excavation work to soil transport work and does not excessively increase the load on the blade 18 .
- the value b1 of the movement amount n when the excavation area starts is calculated from the slope A1, the start value a0, and the first target value a1.
- the value b2 of the amount of movement n when the excavation area ends is the amount of movement when the current amount of soil retained by the blade 18 exceeds a predetermined threshold. Therefore, the controller 26 reduces the target displacement dz from the first target value a1 when the current amount of soil retained by the blade 18 exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the predetermined threshold is determined based on the maximum capacity of blade 18, for example. For example, the current soil holding volume of the blade 18 may be determined computationally from the measured load on the blade 18 .
- an image of the blade 18 may be captured by a camera and the current soil holding volume of the blade 18 may be calculated by analyzing the image.
- a predetermined initial value is set as the value b2. If the amount of soil retained by the blade 18 exceeds a predetermined threshold before reaching the value b2, instead of the above initial value, it is based on the amount of movement when the soil amount retained by the blade 18 exceeds the predetermined threshold.
- the value b2 is updated to the new value.
- the movement amount when the retained soil amount exceeds a predetermined threshold value may be set as the updated value b2.
- a value smaller than the movement amount when the retained soil amount exceeds a predetermined threshold value may be set as the updated value b2.
- the value b3 of the movement amount n at the start of the soil transport area is calculated from the slope A2, the first target value a1, and the second target value a2 of the transition data C3.
- the values b1, b2, b3 may be stored in storage device 28 as constants.
- b3 may be defined as b2 + constant.
- b3 may be updated in conjunction with b2.
- the controller 26 determines the target displacement dz according to the movement amount n. Then, the controller 26 determines the height Z of the target profile 70 (thick dashed line) shown in FIG. 4 from the height Z of the current terrain 50 and the target displacement dz.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the target profile 70.
- FIG. A target profile 70 in FIG. 7 is an example of a target profile determined based on the target displacement data in FIG.
- the work machine 1 starts work from the start position Ps1 and ends the work at the end position Pe1.
- the target profile 70 includes a first target surface 71, a second target surface 72, a third target surface 73, and a fourth target surface 74.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the target profile 70.
- FIG. A target profile 70 in FIG. 7 is an example of a target profile determined based on the target displacement data in FIG.
- the work machine 1 starts work from the start position Ps1 and ends the work at the end position Pe1.
- the target profile 70 includes a first target surface 71, a second target surface 72, a third target surface 73, and a fourth target surface 74.
- the first target plane 71 is the target profile in the excavation start area.
- the controller determines the target displacement dz on the first target plane 71 from the amount of movement by referring to the starting time data C1.
- the first target plane 71 slopes downward toward the front of the work machine 1 .
- a second target plane 72 is the target profile in the drilling area.
- the controller determines the target displacement dz on the second target plane 72 from the movement amount with reference to the excavation time data C2.
- a second target plane 72 is parallel to the existing terrain 50 . In this embodiment, the second target plane 72 extends horizontally.
- the third target surface 73 is the target profile in the soil transfer area.
- the controller determines the target displacement dz on the third target plane 73 from the amount of movement with reference to the transition data C3.
- the third target plane 73 slopes upward toward the front of the work machine 1 .
- a fourth target plane 74 is a target profile in the soil transport area.
- the controller determines the target displacement dz on the fourth target plane 74 from the amount of movement by referring to the soil-carrying data C4.
- a fourth target plane 74 is parallel to the existing terrain 50 . In this embodiment, the fourth target plane 74 extends horizontally.
- the controller 26 controls the blade 18 according to the target profile 70.
- controller 26 generates a command signal to work implement 13 so that cutting edge position P0 of blade 18 moves according to target profile 70 created in step S106.
- the generated command signal is input to control valve 27 .
- the cutting edge position P0 of work implement 13 moves along target profile 70.
- the target displacement dz between the current terrain 50 and the target profile 70 is larger than in other areas.
- the excavation work of the current landform 50 is performed in the excavation area.
- the target displacement dz between the current topography 50 and the target profile 70 is smaller than in other areas.
- the controller 26 updates the work site data.
- the controller 26 acquires the position data indicating the latest actual trajectory of the cutting edge position P0 as the current terrain data, and updates the work site data with the acquired current terrain data.
- the controller 26 may calculate the position of the bottom surface of the crawler belt 16 from the vehicle body position data and the vehicle body dimension data, and acquire position data indicating the actual locus of the bottom surface of the crawler belt 16 as the current terrain data. In this case, updating of the working terrain data can be done immediately.
- the current topography data may be generated from survey data measured by a surveying device external to the work machine 1.
- a surveying device for example, an airborne laser survey may be used.
- the current terrain 50 may be photographed by a camera, and the current terrain data may be generated from the image data obtained by the camera.
- aerial survey by UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- the worksite data may be updated at predetermined intervals or as needed.
- the controller 26 determines whether the current work pass has been completed.
- the controller 26 determines that the current work pass is completed when the work machine 1 reaches a predetermined work end position. For example, the controller 26 determines that the current work pass is completed when it determines that the cutting edge position P0 has reached the end position Pe1 based on the current position data.
- the controller 26 may determine that the current work pass is completed when the operator operates the operation device 25a to raise the work implement 13. FIG.
- the controller 26 may determine that the current work pass is completed when the work machine 1 is switched from forward to reverse. If the current work pass has not been completed, the process returns to step S105.
- the second and subsequent work passes may be affected by the topography of the previous work pass. Therefore, the controller 26 corrects the target displacement dz according to the distance between the start position of the previous work pass and the start position of the current work pass (hereinafter referred to as "work interval"). Specifically, the controller 26 corrects the target displacement dz according to the movement amount of the work machine 1 by correcting the target displacement data C according to the work interval.
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing processing for correcting the target displacement data C. As shown in FIG.
- step S201 the controller 26 determines whether the first condition is satisfied.
- the first condition indicates that the current work pass is not affected by the topography of the previous work pass, or is less affected.
- the first condition includes that the current work pass is the first work pass. Also, the first condition includes that the work interval is greater than the value b2, which is the amount of movement of the end of the excavation area.
- step S202 the controller 26 uses the default target displacement data C. That is, the controller 26 refers to the target displacement data C described above and determines the target displacement dz from the movement amount n of the work machine 1.
- FIG. 1 the controller 26 refers to the target displacement data C described above and determines the target displacement dz from the movement amount n of the work machine 1.
- step S201 when the first condition is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step S203.
- step S203 the controller 26 determines whether the second condition is satisfied.
- the second condition indicates that the current start position is close to the previous start position, so that the current work path is affected by the topography of the previous work path.
- a second condition includes that the work interval is less than the first threshold.
- the first threshold is, for example, the same as the value b1, which is the amount of movement of the end of the excavation start area. However, the first threshold may differ from the value b1.
- step S204 the controller 26 corrects the target displacement data C by the first correction process.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of data generated from the target displacement data C by the first correction process (hereinafter referred to as "first correction data C'").
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a target profile 70 generated from the first correction data C'.
- the current terrain 50 is the terrain formed by the previous work pass (hereinafter referred to as "first work pass").
- first work pass is not limited to the work pass that is first performed on the current terrain 50 .
- the first work pass may be a second or subsequent work pass on the existing terrain 50 .
- the controller 26 determines the target profile 70 by vertically displacing the current terrain 50 by the target displacement dz determined from the target displacement data C, as in FIG. After that, the working machine 1 moves backward by the operator's operation or automatic control, and starts the second work pass from the second starting position Ps2.
- the controller 26 obtains the second start position Ps2 and calculates the work interval b0 between the first start position Ps1 and the second start position Ps2.
- the controller 26 modifies the target displacement data C to generate the first modified data C' shown in FIG.
- the controller 26 sets the target displacement data so that the position where the amount of movement n from the second start position Ps2 is the work interval b0 is the end position of the excavation start area in the second work pass. fix C.
- the controller 26 changes the first target value from the value a1 to the value a1' without changing the slope A1.
- the corrected first target value a1' is smaller than the first target value a1 before correction.
- the excavation start area is the area where the movement amount n is 0 to the work interval b0.
- the starting time data C1' of the first correction data C' defines the same target displacement dz as the target displacement data C for the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0. That is, in the starting time data C1', the target displacement dz linearly increases with a slope A1 to the corrected first target value a1' with respect to the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0.
- the controller 26 calculates a modified first target value a1' from the starting value a0, the slope A1 and the work interval b0.
- the controller 26 generates the first target plane 71 inclined downward in the region from the second start position Ps2 to the first start position Ps1, as shown in FIG. 10, using the starting data C1'.
- the excavation area is the area where the movement amount n is from the work interval b0 to the value b2+x.
- the excavation time data C2' of the first correction data C' defines a constant target displacement dz with respect to the movement amount n in the excavation area.
- the target displacement dz in the excavation area is constant at the corrected first target value a1'.
- the controller 26 generates the second target surface 72 in the excavation area, as indicated by the thick dashed line in FIG. 10, using the excavation time data C2'.
- the second target surface 72 includes a first portion 72a, a second portion 72b and a third portion 72c.
- the first portion 72a is located in front of the first target surface 71. As shown in FIG.
- the first portion 72a slopes downward.
- the inclination angle of the first portion 72a is the same as the inclination angle of the first target surface 71.
- the second portion 72b extends horizontally.
- the third portion 72c is located in front of the second portion 72b.
- the third portion 72c slopes upward.
- 80 indicates the target profile in the second work pass determined by the uncorrected target displacement data C. If the second start position Ps2 is too close to the first start position Ps1, the inclination of the target profile 80 will suddenly increase at the point where the movement amount n is the work interval b0.
- the controller 26 uses the first correction data C′ to set the target Determine the profile 70. Thereby, the controller 26 can generate the first target plane 71 inclined at a certain angle and the first portion 72a of the second target plane 72.
- FIG. As a result, by suppressing the occurrence of an increase in the cutting angle in the excavation area, it is possible to suppress a sudden increase in the load that the blade 18 receives.
- the soil transfer area is the area where the movement amount n ranges from the value b2+x to the value b3+y.
- the transition data C3' of the first correction data C' defines the target displacement dz that linearly decreases with a slope A2 with respect to the movement amount n from the value b2+x to the value b3+y.
- the controller 26 generates a third target plane 73 inclined upward in the soil transfer area, as shown in FIG. Note that the controller 26 determines the value x and the value y so that the excavated soil volume based on the first correction data C′ is the same as the excavated soil volume based on the target displacement data C.
- the excavated soil volume based on the first corrected data C' is indicated by the area of the first corrected data C' in FIG.
- the excavated soil volume based on the target displacement data C is indicated by the area of the target displacement data C in FIG. Therefore, the controller 26 determines the value x and the value y when the area of the first correction data C' and the area of the target displacement data C shown in FIG. 9 are to be the same.
- controller 26 determines the value x and the value y so that the area B1 and the area B2 of the hatched portion in FIG. 9 are the same. Controller 26 also limits the maximum value of value y to working interval b0. This prevents the work machine 1 from excavating ahead of the soil transfer area of the first work path.
- the soil transport area is the area where the amount of movement n is greater than or equal to b3+y.
- the soil transport data C4' of the first correction data C' defines a constant target displacement dz with respect to the movement amount n in the soil transport area.
- the target displacement dz in the soil transport area is constant at the second target value a2.
- the controller 26 generates a fourth target plane 74 parallel to the current landform 50 in the soil transportation area, as shown in FIG. 10, using the soil transportation time data C4'.
- step S203 When it is determined in step S203 that the second condition is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step S205.
- the fact that the second condition is not satisfied indicates that the current start position is far from the previous start position, and that the current work path is affected by the topography of the previous work path.
- the controller 26 may execute the process of step S205 when the third condition is satisfied.
- the third condition may include that the work interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
- the second threshold may be the same as the first threshold.
- the second threshold may be greater than the first threshold.
- the second threshold may be greater than or equal to the value b1, which is the amount of movement of the end of the excavation start area, and smaller than the value b2, which is the amount of movement of the end of the excavation area.
- step S205 the controller 26 corrects the target displacement data C (chain line) by the second correction process.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of data generated from the target displacement data C by the second correction process (hereinafter referred to as "second correction data C''").
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a target profile 70 (thick dashed line) generated from the second correction data C′′.
- the controller 26 corrects the target displacement data C in the second work pass so that the target displacement dz gradually increases from the second start position Ps2 to the first start position Ps1, as shown in FIG.
- the excavation start region is the region where the movement amount n is from 0 to the work interval b0.
- a gradually increasing target displacement dz is defined for the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0. and linearly increases to the first target value a1 with the corrected slope A1′′.
- the corrected slope A1′′ is smaller than the slope A1.
- the controller 26 calculates the corrected inclination A1′′ from the starting value a0, the first target value a1, and the work interval b0.
- a first target plane 71 inclined downward is generated in the region from the second start position Ps2 to the first start position Ps1.
- a dashed-dotted line 80 is the target profile generated from the default target displacement data C.
- the controller 26 uses the second correction data C′′ to set the target position. Determine the profile 70. Thereby, the controller 26 can reduce the variation in the inclination angle between the first target surface 71 and the first portion 72a of the second target surface 72. As a result, the unevenness By suppressing the occurrence, a sudden increase in the load applied to the blade 18 can be suppressed.
- the excavation area is an area where the movement amount n is from the work interval b0 to the value b2+x.
- a constant target displacement dz is defined for n.
- the target displacement dz in the excavation area is constant at the first target value a1.
- the controller 26 generates a second target surface 72 in the excavation area, as shown in FIG. 12, based on the excavation time data C2′′.
- the second target surface 72 includes a first portion 72a and a second portion 72b.
- the first portion 72a is located in front of the first target plane 71.
- the first portion 72a is inclined downward, and the inclination angle of the first portion 72a is formed by the first work pass.
- the inclination angle of the first target surface 71 is an angle corresponding to the inclination A1′′.
- the first target surface 71 and the first portion 72a of the second target surface 72 are continuously connected without forming a horizontal portion therebetween.
- the soil transition region is a region where the movement amount n ranges from the value b2+x to the value b3+y.
- a gradually decreasing target displacement dz is defined for the amount of movement n from x to the value b3+y.
- the amount n is linearly decreased with a slope A2 up to a second target value a2.
- the controller 26 generates a third target plane 73 inclined upward in the soil transfer area as shown in FIG. ', when the excavated soil volume based on the second correction data C'' is to be the same as the excavated soil volume based on the target displacement data C, the value x and the value y are determined. That is, controller 26 determines value x and value y so that area B3 and area B4 of the hatched portion in FIG. 11 are the same.
- the soil transportation area is an area where the movement amount n is equal to or greater than the value b3+y.
- a constant target displacement dz is defined for .
- the target displacement dz in the soil-carrying area is constant at the second target value a2.
- the controller 26 generates a fourth target plane 74 parallel to the current topography 50 in the soil transportation area as shown in FIG. 12, based on the soil transportation time data C4''. Since the formation of unevenness after the soil transfer area does not lead to a sudden increase in the load received by the blade, this embodiment assumes that this is the case, but it is necessary to eliminate the unevenness. , the value y may be determined.
- the processing shown in FIG. 8 described above is repeated in the third work pass as well.
- the distance between the third start position of the third work pass and the above-mentioned second start position is used as the work interval.
- the controller 26 corrects the target displacement data C according to the work interval to generate the first corrected data C' or the second corrected data C''.
- the controller 26 corrects the first corrected data C' or the second corrected data C′′ to determine the target displacement dz according to the amount of movement from the third start position.
- the controller 26 determines the terrain obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain 50 downward by the target displacement dz as the target profile 70 in the third work pass.
- the controller 26 repeats the same processing for the fourth and subsequent work passes.
- the default target displacement data C is referred to, and the target displacement dz (first target displacement ) is determined. Then, the terrain obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain 50 downward by the target displacement dz is determined as the target profile 70 in the first work pass. Further, when the work interval between the first work pass and the second work pass is equal to or less than the value b2, the first corrected data C′ or the second corrected data obtained by correcting the default target displacement data C is obtained according to the work interval. C′′ is generated. The target displacement dz (second target displacement) is determined with reference to the correction data C′, C′′.
- the terrain obtained by vertically displacing the current terrain 50 downward by the target displacement dz is determined as the target profile 70 in the second work pass. Therefore, the target profile 70 in the second work pass is determined considering the terrain from the first work pass. As a result, it is possible to suppress the influence of the topography caused by the previous work pass and improve the quality of work or work efficiency.
- the work machine 1 is not limited to a bulldozer, and may be other vehicles such as wheel loaders and motor graders.
- the work machine 1 may be a remotely controllable vehicle. In that case, part of the control system 3 may be located outside the work machine 1 .
- controller 26 may be located outside work machine 1 . Controller 26 may be located in a control center remote from the work site.
- the controller 26 may have a plurality of controllers separate from each other.
- the controller 26 may include a remote controller 261 arranged outside the working machine 1 and an on-vehicle controller 262 mounted on the working machine 1.
- the remote controller 261 and the in-vehicle controller 262 may be able to communicate wirelessly via the communication devices 38 and 39 .
- a part of the functions of the controller 26 described above may be executed by the remote controller 261 and the rest of the functions may be executed by the in-vehicle controller 262 .
- remote controller 261 may perform the process of determining target profile 70
- vehicle-mounted controller 262 may perform the process of outputting a command signal to work implement 13 .
- the operating device 25a and the input device 25b may be arranged outside the work machine 1. In that case, the cab may be omitted from the work machine 1. Alternatively, the operating device 25a and the input device 25b may be omitted from the working machine 1. The work machine 1 may be operated only by automatic control by the controller 26 without operation by the operating device 25a.
- the current topography 50 may be acquired by other devices, not limited to the position sensor 31 described above.
- current terrain 50 may be acquired by an interface device 37 that accepts data from an external device.
- the interface device 37 may wirelessly receive current terrain data measured by an external measuring device 41 .
- the interface device 37 may be a recording medium reading device, and may receive the current terrain data measured by the external measuring device 41 via the recording medium.
- the processing by the controller 26 is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be modified. A part of the processing described above may be omitted. Alternatively, part of the processing described above may be changed. For example, the process of determining target profile 70 may be changed.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing first correction data Cm' according to the modification.
- the excavation start area is the area where the movement amount n is from 0 to the work interval b0.
- the start time data Cm1' of the first correction data Cm' defines the same target displacement dz as the target displacement data C for the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0. That is, in the starting time data Cm1', the target displacement dz linearly increases with a slope A1 to the corrected first target value a1' with respect to the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0.
- the excavation area is the area where the movement amount n is from the work interval b0 to the value b2+x.
- the excavation time data Cm2' of the first corrected data Cm' defines a constant target displacement dz with the corrected first target value a1' for the movement amount n from the work interval b0 to the value b1+b0. Further, the excavation time data Cm2' defines a target displacement dz that linearly increases with a slope A1 up to the first target value a1 with respect to the movement amount n from the value b1+b0 to the value 2b1.
- the excavation time data Cm2' defines a constant target displacement dz at the first target value a1 for the movement amount n from the value 2b1 to the value b2+x.
- the controller 26 generates the first target plane 71 inclined downward in the region from the second start position Ps2 to the first start position Ps1, as shown in FIG.
- the controller 26 generates the second target surface 72 in the excavation area as shown in FIG. 16, using the excavation time data Cm2'.
- the second target surface 72 includes a first portion 72a and a second portion 72b.
- the first portion 72a is located in front of the first target surface 71. As shown in FIG.
- the first portion 72a slopes downward.
- the inclination angle of the first portion 72a is the same as the inclination angle of the first target surface 71.
- the second portion 72b extends horizontally.
- the soil transfer area is the area where the movement amount n ranges from the value b2+x to the value b3+y.
- the transition data Cm3' of the first correction data Cm' defines the target displacement dz that linearly decreases with a slope A2 with respect to the movement amount n from the value b2+x to the value b3+y.
- the controller 26 generates a third target plane 73 inclined upward in the soil transfer area, as shown in FIG. Note that the controller 26 determines the value x and the value y so that the excavated soil volume based on the first correction data Cm′ is the same as the excavated soil volume based on the target displacement data C. That is, the controller 26 determines the value x and the value y so that the area B5 and area B6 of the hatched portion in FIG. 15 are the same.
- the soil transport area is the area where the amount of movement n is equal to or greater than b3+y.
- the soil-carrying data Cm4' of the first correction data Cm' defines a constant target displacement dz with respect to the movement amount n in the soil-carrying area.
- the target displacement dz in the soil transport area is constant at the second target value a2.
- the controller 26 generates a fourth target plane 74 parallel to the current landform 50 in the soil transportation area, as shown in FIG. 16, using the soil transportation data Cm4'.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the second corrected data Cm′′ according to the modification.
- the excavation start region is from the movement amount n of 0 to the work interval b0.
- is the area of The start time data Cm1′′ of the second correction data Cm′′ defines a gradually increasing target displacement dz for the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0. That is, in the starting time data Cm1′′, the target displacement dz linearly increases with a slope A1 up to the corrected first target value a1′′ with respect to the movement amount n from 0 to the work interval b0.
- the modified first target value a1'' is greater than the first target value a1.
- the controller 26 calculates the modified first target value a1'' from the starting value a0, the slope A1 and the work interval b0. .
- the controller 26 generates a downwardly inclined first target plane 71 in the region from the second start position Ps2 to the first start position Ps1, as shown in FIG. 18, using the start time data Cm1′′.
- the excavation region is a region in which the amount of movement n ranges from the value b0 to the value b2-x.
- the target displacement dz in the excavation area is constant at the modified first target value a1''.
- the controller 26 controls the excavation data Cm2 ” generates a second target plane 72 in the excavation area as shown in FIG.
- the second target surface 72 includes a first portion 72a and a second portion 72b.
- the first portion 72a is located in front of the first target surface 71. As shown in FIG.
- the first portion 72a slopes downward.
- the inclination angle of the first portion 72 a is the same as the inclination angle of the first target surface 71 .
- the first target surface 71 and the first portion 72a of the second target surface 72 are continuously connected without forming a horizontal portion therebetween.
- the soil transfer region is a region in which the movement amount n ranges from the value b2-x to the value b3-y.
- a gradually decreasing target displacement dz is defined for the amount of movement n from x to value b3-y. It linearly decreases with the slope A2 with respect to the quantity n.
- the controller 26 generates a third target plane 73 inclined upward in the soil transfer area as shown in FIG. ” is the same as the amount of soil excavated by the target displacement data C, the value x and the value y are determined. That is, the controller 26 determines the value x and the value y so that the area B7 and the area B8 of the hatched portion in FIG. 17 are the same.
- the soil transportation area is a region where the amount of movement n is equal to or greater than the value b3-y.
- the target displacement dz in the soil-carrying area is constant at the second target value a2.
- the controller 26 generates a fourth target plane 74 parallel to the current landform 50 in the soil transportation area, as shown in FIG. 18, using the soil transportation data Cm4′′.
- the method of determining the value x and the value y may differ from that described above.
- the excavated soil volume based on the first correction data C′ may be different from the excavated soil volume based on the target displacement data C.
- the excavated soil volume according to the second correction data C′′ may differ from the excavated soil volume according to the target displacement data C.
- the shape of the target displacement data C may differ from that described above.
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Abstract
Description
13 作業機
26 コントローラ
31 位置センサ
C 目標変位データ
dz 目標変位
Ps1 第1開始位置
Ps2 第2開始位置
Claims (16)
- 作業機を含む作業機械を制御するためのシステムであって、
前記作業機械の現在位置を検出するセンサと、
前記センサと通信するコントローラと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記作業機械の現在位置を示す現在位置データを取得し、
現況地形を示す現況地形データを取得し、
前記作業機械の移動量に応じた目標変位を規定するデフォルト目標変位データを取得し、
前記作業機械による作業の前回の開始位置と、前記前回の開始位置よりも後方に位置する今回の開始位置との間の距離を示す作業間隔を取得し、
前記作業間隔に応じて前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正した修正データを生成し、
前記修正データを参照して、前記今回の開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量に応じた前記目標変位を決定し、
前記現況地形データを、前記目標変位だけ鉛直方向下向きに変位させた地形データを、目標プロファイルとして決定し、
前記目標プロファイルに従って前記作業機を動作させる、
システム。 - 前記コントローラは、前記作業間隔が所定の閾値を超えているときに、前記修正データを生成する、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、前記作業間隔が第1閾値より小さいときに、前記修正データを生成する、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、前記作業間隔が第2閾値より大きいときに、前記修正データを生成する、
請求項2に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、
オペレータによる前記作業機の操作装置の操作を示す信号を受信し、
前記操作装置の操作に基づいて、前記前回の開始位置及び前記今回の開始位置を決定する、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、
前記作業機械による作業の第1開始位置を、前記前回の開始位置として取得し、
前記第1開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量を前記現在位置データから取得し、
前記デフォルト目標変位データを参照して、前記第1開始位置からの前記移動量に応じた前記目標変位を第1目標変位として決定し、
前記現況地形データを、前記第1目標変位だけ鉛直方向下向きに変位させた地形データを、第1目標プロファイルとして決定し、
前記第1目標プロファイルに従って前記作業機を動作させ
前記第1開始位置よりも後方に位置する第2開始位置を、前記今回の開始位置として取得し、
前記第1開始位置と前記第2開始位置との間の距離を示す第1作業間隔に応じて前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正した前記修正データを生成し、
前記第2開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量を前記現在位置データから取得し、
前記修正データを参照して、前記第2開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量に応じた前記目標変位を第2目標変位として決定し、
前記現況地形データを、前記第2目標変位だけ鉛直方向下向きに変位させた地形データを、第2目標プロファイルとして決定し、
前記第2目標プロファイルに従って前記作業機を動作させる、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記デフォルト目標変位データは、
前記移動量の増大に応じて増大する前記目標変位を規定する掘削開始領域と、
前記掘削開始領域の前方に位置し、前記移動量の増大に対して一定の前記目標変位を規定する掘削領域と、
を含む、
請求項6に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、前記第2開始位置からの移動量が前記作業間隔である位置を、前記修正データにおける前記掘削開始領域の終端位置とするように、前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正する、
請求項7に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、
前記作業間隔が第1閾値より小さいときには、前記第2開始位置からの移動量が前記作業間隔である位置を、前記修正データにおける前記掘削開始領域の終端位置とするように、前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正する、
請求項7に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1閾値は、前記デフォルト目標変位データにおける前記掘削開始領域の終端までの前記移動量に基づき決定される値である、
請求項9に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、
前記作業間隔が第2閾値より大きいときには、前記第2開始位置からの移動量が前記作業間隔である位置を、前記修正データにおける前記掘削開始領域の終端位置とするように、前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正する、
請求項7に記載のシステム。 - 前記第2閾値は、前記デフォルト目標変位データにおける前記掘削開始領域の終端までの前記移動量に基づき決定される値である、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、
前記作業間隔が第3閾値より大きいときには、前記デフォルト目標変位データを参照して、前記第2開始位置からの前記移動量に応じた前記目標変位を第2目標変位として決定し、
前記第3閾値は、前記掘削領域の終端までの前記移動量に基づき決定される値である、
請求項7に記載のシステム。 - 前記コントローラは、前記修正データによる掘削土量が、前記デフォルト目標変位データによる掘削土量と同じになるように、前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正する、
請求項6に記載のシステム。 - 作業機を含む作業機械を制御するための方法であって、
前記作業機械の現在位置を示す現在位置データを取得することと、
現況地形を示す現況地形データを取得することと、
前記作業機械の移動量に応じた目標変位を規定するデフォルト目標変位データを取得することと、
前記作業機械による作業の前回の開始位置と、前記前回の開始位置よりも後方に位置する今回の開始位置との間の距離を示す作業間隔を取得することと、
前記作業間隔に応じて前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正した修正データを生成することと、
前記修正データを参照して、前記今回の開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量に応じた前記目標変位を決定することと、
前記現況地形データを、前記目標変位だけ鉛直方向下向きに変位データさせた地形を、目標プロファイルとして決定することと、
前記目標プロファイルに従って前記作業機を動作させること、
を備える方法。 - 作業機と、
作業機械の現在位置を検出するセンサと、
前記センサと通信するコントローラと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記作業機械の現在位置を示す現在位置データを取得し、
現況地形を示す現況地形データを取得し、
前記作業機械の移動量に応じた目標変位を規定するデフォルト目標変位データを取得し、
前記作業機械による作業の前回の開始位置と、前記前回の開始位置よりも後方に位置する今回の開始位置との間の距離を示す作業間隔を取得し、
前記作業間隔に応じて前記デフォルト目標変位データを修正した修正データを生成し、
前記修正データを参照して、前記今回の開始位置からの前記作業機械の移動量に応じた前記目標変位を決定し、
前記現況地形データを、前記目標変位だけ鉛直方向下向きに変位させた地形データを、目標プロファイルとして決定し、
前記目標プロファイルに従って前記作業機を動作させる、
作業機械。
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