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WO2022160300A1 - 一种视频切换方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种视频切换方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160300A1
WO2022160300A1 PCT/CN2021/074521 CN2021074521W WO2022160300A1 WO 2022160300 A1 WO2022160300 A1 WO 2022160300A1 CN 2021074521 W CN2021074521 W CN 2021074521W WO 2022160300 A1 WO2022160300 A1 WO 2022160300A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
video
switching
sending end
stream
data
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074521
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张振兴
龙华
钱广
金俊浩
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21921901.1A priority Critical patent/EP4277262A4/en
Priority to CN202180051004.0A priority patent/CN115885510A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074521 priority patent/WO2022160300A1/zh
Publication of WO2022160300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160300A1/zh
Priority to US18/361,469 priority patent/US20230370668A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/12—Synchronisation between the display unit and other units, e.g. other display units, video-disc players
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
    • H04N21/2393—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/262—Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
    • H04N5/268—Signal distribution or switching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2370/00—Aspects of data communication
    • G09G2370/20—Details of the management of multiple sources of image data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44016—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for substituting a video clip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/50—Tuning indicators; Automatic tuning control

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of multimedia, and in particular, to a video switching method and related equipment.
  • a set-top box is connected to a TV through a multimedia high-speed interface.
  • the set-top box is used to receive digital signals and convert the digital signals into video data.
  • the transmission line transmits to the TV for display.
  • the user can send instructions to change the program channel, change the video resolution, etc. to switch the video according to the needs, and the set-top box can switch the video and adjust the output of the video signal according to the instruction.
  • the commonly used switching scheme is that after receiving the video switching instruction, the set-top box immediately turns off the high-definition interface, stops the transmission of the original video data, and then configures the new video according to the parameter requirements of the video data in the instruction; After the video data is obtained, the high-definition interface is turned on again, and new video data is transmitted to the TV for display by the TV.
  • the set-top box closes the high-definition interface randomly.
  • the video data received by the TV is not a complete frame of data, and the display screen tearing, screen flashing or snowflakes may occur, and compatibility problems such as abnormal sound may also occur.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a video switching method and related equipment, which can avoid the phenomenon of screen splitting at the video receiving end, and at the same time, the video transmitting end can complete the video switching without shutting down the video transmission process, which reduces the transmission of high-speed media interfaces. Video switching time in the process.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a video switching method, including:
  • the video sending end transmits the first video stream to the video receiving end.
  • the video sending end receives a video switching instruction, which instructs the video sending end to switch to a new video stream and transmits the video to the video receiving end.
  • New video stream at this time, the video sender does not switch immediately, but waits for the arrival of the first field blanking area after the first video frame, responds to the video switching instruction, and starts the process of starting the video switching to carry out the relevant data. switch.
  • the video data switching process of the video sending end occurs in the field blanking area, which can ensure that the video sending end does not perform video switching in the video valid area, so that the transmission of video data will not be interrupted in the middle of the video frame, that is, the video sending
  • the whole video frame is always sent from the end to the video receiving end, so the video receiving end also displays the complete video frame to avoid the occurrence of cracked screen, splash screen or snowflakes.
  • the video data switching process of the video sending end in the blanking area of the first field may be that, in response to the video switching instruction, the video sending end first switches from the first video stream to the transition data, and then starts to switch to the transition data.
  • the video receiving end sends transition data; when sending the transition data, the video sending end modifies the parameters of the video source according to the video parameter indication information in the video switching instruction to obtain a new video stream; then, the video sending end needs to wait for the new video stream.
  • the vertical blanking area arrives, when the vertical blanking area of the new video stream arrives, the transmitted transition data is switched to the new video stream, and then the new video stream is sent to the video receiver in the valid area after the vertical blanking area.
  • the video sending end does not turn off the video stream when switching the video data, but first switches to the transition data for transmission, and then obtains the data that meets the requirements according to the instructions in the video switching instruction when transmitting the transition data.
  • the new video stream is then switched from the transition data to the new video stream in the field blanking area of the new video stream, and then transmitted; in this way, the video switching can be completed under the condition that the original connection link remains unchanged, reducing the video switching time.
  • the two data switching occurs in the field blanking area, which can ensure that the video sender sends complete video frames to the video receiver, which can avoid the phenomenon of split screen, splash screen or snowflake sent by the streaming video receiver.
  • the video sending end when it sends transition data, it also needs to perform hardware adaptation according to the video parameter indication information carried in the video switching instruction, such as modifying the hardware clock, modifying the flow control information, etc., This can ensure the effective transmission of the new video stream, reduce the probability of compatibility problems, and improve the transmission efficiency of the new video stream.
  • the video sending end before the video sending end responds to the video switching instruction, after receiving the video switching instruction, the video sending end sends a switching request command to the video receiving end, notifying the video sending end that the video sending end is about to perform video switching.
  • the switching request command may include video parameter indication information in the video switching command, etc.; in this way, the video receiving end can perform preprocessing in advance according to the information in the switching request command.
  • the sending end feeds back the first switching control command to allow the video sending end to perform video switching. At this time, the video sending end can respond to the first switching control command and start the video switching process.
  • the video sending end before starting the video switching process, the video sending end needs to notify the video receiving end, so that the video receiving end can prepare in advance to receive a new video stream, so as to avoid the unprepared situation of the video receiving end After receiving a new video stream, abnormal display such as cracked screen, splash screen or snowflake occurs, which makes the system more stable.
  • the transmission rates of the new second video stream and the original first video stream may be the same or different; when the transmission rates of the two video streams are different, the hardware needs to be adapted, to accommodate the new transfer rate. Therefore, when the video sending end transmits transition data, it can change the hardware clock according to the video parameter indication information in the video switching instruction, and finally change the transmission rate of the video stream.
  • the video sending end before the video sending end switches from the transition data to the second video stream, the video sending end also needs to receive a second switching control instruction fed back by the video receiving end, and the second switching control instruction is used to notify the video The sending end is ready to receive the new video stream and has the ability to display the second video stream; at this time, after receiving the second switching control instruction, the video sending end detects whether the field blanking area of the second video stream is arrival, and then after the arrival of the vertical blanking region, the switching from the transition data to the second video stream is completed.
  • the transition data transmitted from the video sending end to the video receiving end is a pseudo-random code type; this can ensure the randomness of the transition data, so that the data type of the transition data is closer to the original video stream.
  • the road layer will not perceive the process of video switching, and can continue to maintain the original link, that is, the video stream switching can be completed without shutting down the video stream link, which speeds up the process of video switching.
  • the video sending end also needs to perform content protection and encryption processing on the transition data before sending it to the video receiving end; because when the video sending end sends a video stream, it will perform content protection and encryption processing on the video stream, and the video
  • the sender and receiver include an authentication mechanism; therefore, performing content protection and encryption on the transition data can make it closer to the video stream data, and the video receiver can complete data transmission without re-authentication, thereby speeding up video switching. process.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides another video switching method, including:
  • the video sending end transmits the first video stream to the video receiving end, and receives a video switching instruction when transmitting to the first video frame, and the instruction instructs the video sending end to switch to a new video stream; before the video sending end responds to the above video switching instruction , first send a switching request command to the video receiving end to notify the video sending end that the video is about to switch the first video stream being transmitted.
  • the switching request command may include the video parameter indication information in the video switching command, etc.;
  • the terminal performs the switching preprocessing operation in advance according to the information in the switching request command, and when the preprocessing process of the video receiving terminal ends, it feeds back the first switching control instruction to the video transmitting terminal, allowing the video transmitting terminal to perform data switching.
  • the video sending end before starting the video switching process, the video sending end needs to notify the video receiving end, so that the video receiving end can prepare in advance to receive a new video stream, thereby speeding up the switching time of the entire video switching process, so that the The system is more stable.
  • the video receiving end after receiving the switching request command, the video receiving end also needs to perform a hardware adaptation operation, and after performing the hardware video operation, it feeds back a second switching control command to the video sending end, the second switching control command.
  • the switching control instruction is used to notify the video sending end that it is ready to receive the new video stream and has the ability to display the second video stream; at this time, the video sending end detects the second video stream after receiving the second switching control instruction. Check whether the vertical blanking area of the stream comes, and then complete the switching from the transition data to the second video stream after the vertical blanking area arrives.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a video sending end device, including:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a video switching instruction when sending a first video frame; the first video frame is one frame of video data of the first video stream being sent;
  • the processing unit is configured to perform video data switching in response to the video switching instruction when the first field blanking area after the first video frame arrives.
  • the video switching instruction carries video parameter indication information
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to switch the first video stream to transition data in response to the video switching instruction, and convert the The transition data is sent to the video receiving end; the video source parameter is modified according to the video parameter indication information; the transition data is switched to the second video stream in the second field blanking area of the second video stream; wherein, the The second video stream is a new video stream obtained after the video sending end modifies the video source parameters; the second video stream is sent to the video receiving end in the valid area after the second field blanking area.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform hardware adaptation according to the video parameter indication information.
  • the video sending end device further includes a sending unit
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send a switching request command to the video receiving end after the receiving unit receives the video switching instruction;
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive the first switching control instruction fed back by the video receiving end;
  • the processing unit is further configured to detect whether the first field blanking area arrives after the receiving unit receives the first switching control instruction, and after detecting that the first field blanking area arrives when the first video stream is switched to the transition data in response to the video switching instruction.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to, when transmitting the transition data, according to the video parameter indication information Change the hardware clock so that the transfer rate of the video stream changes.
  • the receiving unit before the processing unit modifies the video source parameter according to the video parameter indication information, the receiving unit is also used to receive the switching control instruction sent by the video pickup terminal;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to, after the receiving unit receives the switching control instruction, modify the parameters of the video source according to the video parameter instruction to obtain the second video stream; and perform hardware adaptation according to the video parameter instruction. match.
  • the transition data is a pseudo-random code pattern.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform content protection encryption on the transition data; the sending unit is specifically configured to transmit the encrypted transition data to the video receiving end.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a video receiving end device, including:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a switching request command sent by the video sending end, where the switching request command is used to instruct the video sending end to perform video switching on the first video stream being transmitted;
  • a processing unit configured to perform a switching preprocessing operation according to the switching request command;
  • the switching preprocessing operation includes buffering the video frame of the first video stream received by the receiving unit and displaying the buffered video frame;
  • a sending unit configured to send, after the switching preprocessing operation of the processing unit is completed, the video receiving end sends a first switching control instruction to the video sending end, where the first switching control instruction is used to instruct to allow the The video sending end performs the video switching.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform a hardware adaptation operation according to the switching request command; after finishing the hardware adaptation operation, send a second switching control to the video sending end instruction; the second switching control instruction is used to instruct the video receiving end to have the capability of displaying a second video stream, and the second video stream is the switching target video stream indicated in the switching request command.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a video sending end device, the video sending end device includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the processor receives or sends data through the interface circuit, and the processor is configured to call data stored in a memory to implement the method described in any implementation manner of the first aspect to the first aspect in the embodiments of this application.
  • a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a video receiving end device, the video receiving end device includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are coupled, and the memory stores program instructions, and when the program instructions stored in the memory are When executed by the processor, the method described in any implementation manner of the second aspect to the second aspect in the embodiments of the present application is implemented.
  • a seventh aspect of the present application provides a video connection and playback system, including: any one of the video sending end devices described in any of the implementation manners of the third aspect to the third aspect, and any one of the fourth aspect to the fourth aspect. Any one of the video receiving end devices described in one embodiment; the video sending end device sends a first data stream to the video receiving end device.
  • An eighth aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium is used to store computer software instructions used by the above-mentioned video sending end device or video receiving end device, and the computer storage medium includes instructions for executing as the video sending end device or the video receiving end device.
  • the video sending end device may be the video sending end device described in the third aspect.
  • the video sink device may be the video sink device described in the fourth aspect.
  • a ninth aspect of the present application provides a chip or a chip system, the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the at least one processor is used for running a computer program or instruction, To perform the video switching method described in any one of the first aspect to any possible implementation manner of the first aspect;
  • the communication interface in the chip may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like.
  • the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory, where instructions are stored in the at least one memory.
  • the memory may be a storage unit inside the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.).
  • a tenth aspect of the present application provides a chip or a chip system, the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line, and the at least one processor is used for running a computer program or instruction, to perform the video switching method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect to the second aspect;
  • the communication interface in the chip may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like.
  • the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory, where instructions are stored in the at least one memory.
  • the memory may be a storage unit inside the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.).
  • An eleventh aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes computer software instructions, and the computer software instructions can be loaded by a processor to implement the video switching of any one of the first to second aspects above process in the method.
  • the present application has the following advantages:
  • the video data switching process of the video sending end occurs in the field blanking area, which can ensure that the video sending end does not perform video switching in the valid video area, so that the transmission of video data will not be interrupted in the middle of the video frame, that is,
  • the video sender always sends the complete video frame to the video receiver, so the video receiver also displays the complete image corresponding to the complete video frame, avoiding the occurrence of cracked screen, splash screen or snowflakes.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a high-speed video connection and playback system provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a video switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another video switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another video switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a video sending end device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a video receiving end device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another video sending end device or a video receiving end device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a video switching method and related equipment, which can avoid the phenomenon of screen splitting at the video receiving end, and at the same time, the video transmitting end can complete the video switching without shutting down the video transmission process, which reduces the transmission of high-speed media interfaces. Video switching time in the process.
  • the audio and video receiving end sink and audio and video sending end source are connected through a high-speed media interface, the source transmits audio and video content to the sink, and then the sink will The received audio and video content is displayed.
  • a high-definition TV and a set-top box are connected through a multimedia high-speed interface, and the audio and video data are transmitted from the set-top box to the high-definition TV through a high-speed transmission line, and then played on the display screen of the high-definition TV.
  • the user can send the video to the set-top box according to their needs.
  • HDR high-dynamic range
  • the audio and video data is transmitted through a video stream, wherein the video stream includes multiple video frame data, and each video frame represents a complete image; wherein, in every two adjacent video frames, there are also Some other data that are not images; these data are not used to display video images, and these data include control signals for controlling video transmission, audio corresponding to the video, subtitle data, bullet screen data, special effect data or logo data, etc.
  • the transmission timing of the video source data includes an effective area and a blanking area.
  • the data transmitted by the data sending end through the media interface is valid video data.
  • the valid video data is the image frame data of the transmitted video, that is, the data that can be displayed on the display screen.
  • the valid video data is hereinafter simply referred to as video data.
  • the valid area corresponding to the video data includes multiple line valid areas, and for any one line valid area in the multiple line valid areas, the any one line valid area is a period for transmitting one line of video data in the video data.
  • One line of video data corresponds to one line valid area.
  • the data transmitted by the data sender through the media interface is invalid video data, that is, the data transmitted in the blanking area cannot be displayed on the display screen.
  • the data transmitted in the blanking area includes a control signal for controlling video transmission, audio corresponding to the video, subtitle data, bullet screen data, special effect data or logo data, etc.
  • the blanking area includes a line blanking area and a vertical blanking area.
  • the line blanking area may also be called the horizontal blanking area (Horizontal blanking).
  • the line blanking area generally refers to a period between two line valid areas corresponding to two lines of video data. Or it can be understood that the period after the line valid area corresponding to one line of video data and before the line valid area corresponding to the previous or next line of video data of the line of video data may be called a line blanking area.
  • the vertical blanking region may also be referred to as vertical blanking.
  • the vertical blanking area generally refers to a period of time between the video data corresponding to two image frames in the video respectively transmitted by the data transmitting end through the media interface.
  • the duration of the vertical blanking region is greater than the duration of the row blanking region.
  • the source transmits the first video frame in turn, then transmits the data in the first field blanking area after the first video frame, then transmits the second video frame, and then transmits the second video frame.
  • the vertical blanking area can also be understood as an area where non-image data is located between the last line of the previous video frame and the first line of the next video frame in two adjacent video frames in the video stream. corresponding,
  • the valid area can also be understood as the area occupied by the first line of video data to the last line of video data in any video frame.
  • the source After the source receives the video command sent by the user, it will immediately turn off the video stream that was originally being transmitted, and then obtain a new video stream for transmission according to the video command; if the source transmits to a valid video frame
  • the source Before the video switching command is received in the zone, the source will start from the position where the video switching command was received, and disconnect the video stream. Before a new video stream is ready, the source will no longer transmit video data to the sink. In this way, the source will send video data to the sink. Transmit an incomplete video frame; if the sink is to play the received video data in real time, an incomplete image will be played before the arrival of the new video stream, that is, display screen tearing, splash screen or snowflakes will occur. There will also be compatibility issues such as abnormal sound.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a new video switching method.
  • the source does not turn off the video stream, and sends the transition invalid data to the sink to control the video switching point within the vertical blanking area, so that It can ensure that the video data received by the sink is always a complete video frame, so as to avoid the occurrence of cracked screen and other phenomena.
  • the source and the sink transmit relevant interactive commands through a low-speed transmission link, and transmit video streams through a high-speed interface.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a high-speed video connection and playback system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the system includes audio and video The sending end source and the audio and video receiving end sink, wherein the source and the sink both include a logic layer processing module, an idle data generation module, a content protection processing module (optional), a link layer processing module, and a low-speed control signal transmission module; and the source includes The audio processing source module and the video processing source module, the link layer processing module of the source is a link layer sending module; the sink includes an audio processing receiving module and a video processing receiving module, and the link layer processing module of the sink is a link layer receiving module.
  • the path between the low-speed control signal transmission units of the source and the sink is called a sideband, and the sideband can also be called a low-speed transmission link.
  • the link layer transmission module of the source and the link layer processing module of the sink are connected through a high-speed transmission line.
  • both the source and the sink include a low-speed control signal transmission unit for transmitting relevant low-speed interactive instructions;
  • the source's audio processing source module The video processing source module is used to receive audio and video content from the server;
  • the logic layer processing unit is used to package or unpack audio and video data, and integrate or split the data according to the transmission protocol;
  • the idle data generation module is used to generate Transition invalid data, connect valid audio and video data;
  • the content protection unit is an optional unit, which encrypts and decrypts the transmitted video data; and the link layer processing unit is used to encode and scramble the video data.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a video switching method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the video switching method includes:
  • the video sending end receives a video switching instruction when sending the first video frame of the first video stream
  • the video sender transmits video data to the video receiver in the form of a video stream, and then the video receiver displays the received video data; specifically, the video sender transmits complete video frames in the effective area, and each video frame corresponds to A complete video image, with other non-image data transmitted in the field blanking area.
  • the video sending end will receive the video switching instruction sent by the user at any time; wherein, the video switching instruction is used to switch the transmitted video stream.
  • the video switching instruction instructs the video sending end to change the original video stream
  • the video parameters including increasing or reducing the resolution, HDR, color depth and other data of the original video, can also be required to change the content of the video stream, that is, the video sender is required to send new video stream data.
  • the video sender needs to Acquire and switch to a new video stream according to various requirements in the video switching instruction, and send the new video stream to the video receiving end.
  • the video sending end may receive the video switching command when the transmission is in the valid area of the first video stream, or may receive the video switching command when it is in the field blanking area. command; when the video sending end receives the video switching command when the field blanking area arrives, the video stream transmitted by the video sending end to the video receiving end is a complete video frame, at this time the video sending end can directly switch to the second video Stream; when the video sender receives a video switching instruction in the middle of a certain video frame (the first video frame) of the first video stream, it cannot switch immediately, otherwise the video sender will not transmit a complete video. Frames will interrupt transmission, which will cause screen splitting to occur.
  • the video sending end sends a switching request command to the video receiving end
  • the switching request instruction is used to notify the video receiver to perform video switching; exemplarily, the switching request instruction can reflect the parameter requirements in the video switching instruction, that is, it can include the video parameters to be modified, such as resolution, HDR, color depth Waiting for data, so that the video receiving end can know the switching situation of the video stream in advance, and perform related preparations; exemplarily, the switching request instruction can be transmitted and interacted through the low-speed control information transmission module. It should be understood that the video sender sends the switching request command to the video receiver through the sideband.
  • the video receiving end performs the switching preprocessing operation and the switching hardware adaptation operation according to the switching request command sent by the video sending end;
  • the video receiving end can perform the preprocessing operation and the hardware adaptation operation according to the instructions in the switching request command; exemplarily, the preprocessing operation can be performed on the received first video stream.
  • the video data is cached, and then a complete video frame is selected from the cached data for display, so as to avoid the situation of displaying incomplete video frames; Cached video frames are always displayed before the second video stream.
  • the video switching process lasts for a short time, for example, it may only occupy the time used to display one frame of video frame, so the video frame will not be stuck when displaying the buffered video frame.
  • the switching preprocessing operation may also include performing operations such as changing the preprocessing flow control parameters according to the parameters in the switching request command, so as to speed up the display speed of the new video stream, etc., which is not specifically limited; and the hardware adaptation operation is: It is the video receiving end that performs hardware adaptation according to the video parameters of the switched video stream, and prepares the hardware for displaying the new video stream.
  • the hardware clock needs to be changed to ensure that the hardware clocks of the video sender and the video receiver are consistent.
  • the video receiving end When the video receiving end completes the switching preprocessing operation, it can send the first switching control command to the video sending end to notify the video receiving end that the video switching action can be performed and start to display the buffered video frames;
  • the video sending end can directly respond to the switching request command and feed back the first switching control command to the video sending end; optionally, the video sending end can also actively detect the readiness of the video receiving end, and train the video receiving end in rotation. It should be understood that the video receiving end feeds back the first switching control instruction through the sideband, or the video sending end actively queries the switching preparation status of the video receiving end through the sideband.
  • the video sending end polls the video receiving end for many times, the switching preprocessing operation of the receiving end has not been completed, and the number of polling times exceeds the configured threshold, then the video sending end can consider that the video receiving end is abnormal and does not support the switching of new video streams. , then the video sender can return to its decision-making layer and report the failure of this modification for subsequent processing; if the preprocessing from the video sender to the video receiver is completed, or the video receiver informs it that it is ready, that is, the video sender After obtaining the success indication information, the video sender can start the video switching process to perform the video switching operation. It should be understood that the video receiving end sends the first switching control instruction to the video sending end through the sideband.
  • the video sending end detects whether the first field blanking area after the first video frame arrives; if so, execute step 206, if not, continue to execute step 205;
  • each video frame in the video stream represents a frame Complete images, each complete image is composed of scan lines.
  • the video receiving end displays the video stream data, it is also displayed along the display screen from top to bottom, line by line, and the data in the vertical blanking area is not required. Therefore, even if the sender receives a video switching instruction on the way of transmitting a certain video frame, it needs to wait until the field blanking area after the video frame arrives, and then perform video switching in response to the video switching instruction.
  • a complete video frame is transmitted to the video receiving end to avoid the situation that only part of the pixel signal of one video frame is transmitted.
  • the video sending end switches the first video stream to transition data in response to the video switching instruction, and sends the transition data to the video receiving end;
  • the video sender can perform video switching. Since the video sender needs time to obtain a new video stream, in the process of video switching, it first switches to the transition data , and transmit the transition data to the video receiving end; then, during the transition data transmission process, prepare a new video stream for transmission.
  • the transition data sent by the video sending end can be a pseudo-random code pattern processed by the scramble algorithm to improve the randomness of the transition data; at the same time, the video sending end can also perform content protection encryption on the transition data before transmitting;
  • the purpose is to make the data types of transition data and video stream data as consistent as possible, so that there is no need to turn off the video stream, and the link layer and video receiver cannot perceive the data switching; this can make the clock and data recovery technology. (clock and data recovery, CDR) and continuous time linear equalizer (continuous time linear equalizer, CTLE) technology to maintain stability, speed up the switching process.
  • the video sender When the video sender sends the video stream to the video receiver, it needs to encrypt and protect the content of the video stream. After the video receiver receives the video stream, it needs to authenticate the video frame, and then decrypt the video stream before playing. Therefore, the transition data is transmitted after content protection encryption processing, so that the content protection processing module cannot perceive video switching, and there is no need to re-establish an authentication mechanism, which further speeds up the video switching time.
  • the video sending end obtains a new video stream according to the video parameter indication in the video switching instruction; specifically, the video sending end modifies the video source parameters according to the video parameter indication, for example, switching a video with a resolution of 1080p to a resolution of 4k 's video.
  • the video sender also needs to perform hardware adaptation of the video source module; for example, when the hardware clock of the new video stream changes, that is, the transmission rates of the first video stream and the second video stream are fixed, but when the transmission rates are different, it is necessary to Changing the hardware clock, exemplary, when the transmission rate of the video stream that needs to be switched changes, the video sending end can perform the process of the video switching method shown in Figure 3; wherein, other steps shown in Figure 3 are respectively the same as Figure 3.
  • step 307 is used to modify the hardware clock, that is, when the video transmitter sends transition data to the video receiver, the transmitter hardware clock can be modified
  • modifying the hardware clock includes completing the modification of the link clock domain, so as to change the transmission rate of the video stream, so as to facilitate the subsequent transmission of the switched second video stream by using the new transmission mode. It can be understood that the modification of the hardware clock is performed.
  • An example of hardware adaptation Exemplarily, the embodiments of the present application may also be applied to a high-speed interface scenario where the transmission rate is not fixed. The transmission rate of the interface is not fixed. When the TMDS process is started, the clock frequency of TMDS changes with the change of the character rate.
  • the TMDS process can be turned off first, and the transition data is transmitted at a fixed rate.
  • the TMDS process can be restarted.
  • FIG. 4 it is a flowchart of the video switching method in this application scenario.
  • the method embodiment further includes step 407 : turning off the TMDS.
  • the other steps shown in FIG. 4 are respectively the same as the corresponding steps in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here. ;
  • the switched second video stream is subsequently transmitted, the TMDS process can be restarted.
  • the video receiving end After completing the hardware adaptation operation, the video receiving end sends a second switching control instruction to the video sending end;
  • the video receiving end when the video receiving end receives the switching request command, it also needs to perform a hardware adaptation operation.
  • the video receiving end needs to send a second switching control to the video transmitting end. instruction to notify the video receiver that it has prepared the hardware to receive the new video stream and has the ability to display the second video stream. In this way, the video sender can perform the second video according to the second switching control instruction. The flow is switched.
  • the video sending end judges whether the blanking area of the second field of the second video stream arrives; if it arrives, execute step 210, and if it does not arrive, continue to execute step 209.
  • the video sender When the video sender prepares the second video stream, it needs to switch from the invalid transition data to the transmission of the second video stream. Since the initial data of the second video stream starts from the middle of the first video frame where the video switching instruction is received, In order to ensure that the video data sent by the video sending end to the video receiving end are all complete video frames; it is necessary to wait for the arrival of the vertical blanking area of the second video stream, and switch in the vertical blanking area of the second video stream, so that no There are incomplete video frames transmitted to the video receiver. It should be understood that if the video sending end receives the second switching control command sent by the video receiving end, and the video parameter modification and hardware adaptation have not been completed, the video sending end will check the video parameters after completing the video parameter modification and hardware adaptation. Whether the second blanking zone is coming.
  • the video sending end switches the transition data to the second video stream in the second field blanking area, and sends the second video stream to the video receiving end in the valid area after the second field blanking area.
  • the data switching is completed in the vertical blanking area, and the effective area after the vertical blanking area is transmitted to the video receiving end, and then the transmission is continued. video stream.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a video sending end device provided by an embodiment of the application; as shown in FIG. 5 , the video sending end device includes:
  • a receiving unit 501 configured to receive a video switching instruction when sending a first video frame; the first video frame is one frame of video data of the first video stream being sent;
  • the processing unit 502 is configured to perform video data switching in response to the video switching instruction when the first field blanking area after the first video frame arrives.
  • the video switching instruction carries video parameter indication information
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to switch the first video stream to transition data in response to the video switching instruction, and convert the The transition data is sent to the video receiving end; the video source parameter is modified according to the video parameter indication information; the transition data is switched to the second video stream in the second field blanking area of the second video stream; wherein, The second video stream is a new video stream obtained after the video sending end modifies the video source parameters; the second video stream is sent to the video receiving end in the valid area after the second field blanking area.
  • the processing unit 502 is further configured to perform hardware adaptation according to the video parameter indication information.
  • the video sending end device further includes a sending unit 503;
  • the sending unit 503 is specifically configured to send a switching request command to the video receiving end after the receiving unit 301 receives the video switching instruction;
  • the receiving unit 501 is further configured to receive the first switching control instruction fed back by the video receiving end;
  • the processing unit 502 is further configured to, after the receiving unit 501 receives the first switching control instruction, detect whether the first field blanking area arrives, and after detecting the first field blanking When the zone arrives, the first video stream is switched to the transition data in response to the video switching instruction.
  • the corresponding transmission rates of the first video stream and the second video stream are different, and the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to, when transmitting the transition data, indicate according to the video parameter
  • the information changes the hardware clock, causing the transfer rate of the video stream to change.
  • the receiving unit 501 is further configured to receive a switching control instruction sent by the video pickup terminal;
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to, after the receiving unit 501 receives the switching control instruction, modify the parameters of the video source according to the video parameter instruction to obtain the second video stream; and perform the process according to the video parameter instruction.
  • Hardware adaptation is specifically configured to, after the receiving unit 501 receives the switching control instruction, modify the parameters of the video source according to the video parameter instruction to obtain the second video stream; and perform the process according to the video parameter instruction.
  • the transition data is a pseudo-random code pattern.
  • processing unit 502 is further configured to perform content protection encryption on the transition data
  • the sending unit 503 is specifically configured to transmit the encrypted transition data to the video receiving end.
  • FIG. 6 A schematic structural diagram of a video receiving end device provided by an embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 6 , the video receiving end device includes:
  • a receiving unit 601 configured to receive a switching request command sent by a video sending end, where the switching request command is used to instruct the video sending end to perform video switching on the first video stream being transmitted;
  • the processing unit 602 is configured to perform a switching preprocessing operation according to the switching request command; the switching preprocessing operation includes buffering the video frame of the first video stream received by the receiving unit 601 and displaying the buffered video frame;
  • the sending unit 603 is configured to, after the switching preprocessing operation of the processing unit 602 is executed, the video receiving end sends a first switching control instruction to the video sending end, where the first switching control instruction is used to indicate permission The video sending end performs the video switching.
  • the processing unit 602 is further configured to perform a hardware adaptation operation according to the switching request command; after the hardware adaptation operation is completed, send a second switching operation to the video sending end A control instruction; the second switching control instruction is used to indicate that the video receiving end has the capability of displaying a second video stream, and the second video stream is the switching target video stream indicated in the switching request command.
  • FIG. 7 is a hardware architecture diagram of a video sending end device or a video receiving end device, which can represent the hardware structure of a processor chip of a video sending end device or a video receiving end device.
  • the video sending end device Or the video receiver device includes: at least one CPU, a memory, and the type of the memory may include, for example, SRAM and ROM, a microcontroller (Microcontroller Unit, MCU), a security subsystem, a WLAN subsystem, a bus, a transmission interface, and the like.
  • MCU microcontroller Unit
  • the video sending end device or the video receiving end device may also include an application processor (Application Processor, AP), other special processors such as NPU, as well as a power management subsystem, a clock management subsystem, and a functional other subsystems such as the consumption management subsystem.
  • AP Application Processor
  • the connectors include various interfaces, transmission lines or buses, etc. These interfaces are usually electrical communication interfaces, but may also be mechanical interfaces or other forms of interfaces, which are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the CPU may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor; coupled to each other by one or more buses.
  • the CPU implements any one of the wireless screen projection methods in the foregoing method embodiments by calling program instructions stored in the on-chip memory or the off-chip memory.
  • the CPU and the MCU jointly implement any one of the wireless screen projection methods in the foregoing method embodiments, for example, the CPU completes some steps in the wireless screen projection method, and the MCU completes the wireless screen projection method. other steps in the method.
  • the AP or other special-purpose processor implements any one of the wireless screen projection methods in the foregoing method embodiments by invoking the program instructions stored in the on-chip memory or the off-chip memory.
  • the transmission interface may be an interface for receiving and sending data of the processor chip, and the transmission interface usually includes a variety of interfaces.
  • the transmission interface may include an Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C). Interface, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) interface, General-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, etc. It should be understood that these interfaces may implement different functions by multiplexing the same physical interface.
  • I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit
  • SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
  • UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter
  • GPIO General-purpose input/output
  • the transmission interface may further include High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), V-By-One interface, Embedded Display Port (eDP), mobile industry processing Interface (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, MIPI) or Display Port (DP) and so on.
  • HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface
  • V-By-One interface V-By-One interface
  • eDP Embedded Display Port
  • MIPI Mobile Industry Processor Interface
  • DP Display Port
  • the above-mentioned parts are integrated on the same chip; in another optional case, the memory may be an independent chip.
  • the security subsystem can be used to implement relevant encryption algorithms for security authentication. It should be understood that the encryption algorithm related to security authentication is usually implemented in hardware, so that the security of the encryption algorithm can be further improved.
  • the WLAN subsystem may include, for example, RF circuitry and baseband.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions for implementing the video sending end function in the video switching method provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions for implementing the function of the video receiving end in the video switching method provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, where the computer program product includes computer software instructions, and the computer software instructions can be loaded by a processor to implement the process in the video switching method shown in FIG. 2 above.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions when loaded and executed on a computer, result in whole or in part of the processes or functions described herein.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wire (eg coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line, DSL) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • wire eg coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line, DSL
  • wireless eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, read-only memory), random access memory (RAM, random access memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种视频切换方法及相关设备，用于多媒体领域。本申请实施例方法包括: 视频发送端在发送第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令; 所述第一视频帧为所述视频发送端正在发送的第一视频流的其中一帧视频数据; 当所述第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，所述视频发送端响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换; 本申请实施例可以控制视频发送端的视频数据切换过程发生在场消隐区内，视频发送端始终向视频接收端发送的是完整视频帧，因此视频接收端所展示的也是完整视频帧对应的完整图像，避免裂屏、闪屏或雪花等现象发生。

Description

一种视频切换方法及相关设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及多媒体领域，尤其涉及一种视频切换方法及相关设备。
背景技术
随着信息技术的发展，高速媒体连接播放的场景将越来越多，例如机顶盒与电视通过多媒体高速接口相连，机顶盒用于接收数字信号，并将数字信号转为视频数据，然后视频数据通过高速传输线传输至电视进行显示。在显示视频的过程中，用户可以根据需求，发送改变节目频道、改变视频分辨率等切换视频的指令，机顶盒则可以根据该指令，对视频进行切换，调整视频信号的输出。
目前，常用的切换方案是机顶盒在接收到视频切换指令后，立即关断高清接口，停止原视频数据的发送，然后根据指令中视频数据的参数需求，进行新视频的配置；在准备好新的视频数据后，再次开启高清接口，并向电视传输新的视频数据，供电视进行显示。
由于视频数据的传输过程是连续的，但是用户发送切换指令的时间是随机的，即机顶盒关闭高清接口是随机的，很有可能传输至一帧视频的中间部分时就停止数据传输，这将导致电视接收的视频数据不是完整的一帧数据，出现显示画面撕裂、闪屏或雪花等现象，同时也会出现声音异常等兼容性问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种视频切换方法及相关设备，避免视频接收端出现显示画面裂屏等现象，同时，视频发送端不用关断视频传输过程就能完成视频切换，缩减了高速媒体接口传输过程中的视频切换时间。
本申请实施例第一方面提供了一种视频切换方法，包括：
视频发送端向视频接收端传输第一视频流，在传输到第一视频帧时，视频发送端接收到视频切换指令，该指令指示视频发送端切换至新的视频流，并向视频接收端传输新视频流；此时，视频发送端不立即切换，而是等待第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，响应该视频切换指令，并开始启动视频切换的流程，进行相关的数据切换。
在上述方法中，视频发送端的视频数据切换过程发生在场消隐区内，可以保证视频发送端在视频有效区内不进行视频切换，这样视频数据的传输不会在视频帧中间中断，即视频发送端向视频接收端发送的始终是完整视频帧，因此视频接收端所展示的也是完整视频帧，避免裂屏、闪屏或雪花等现象发生。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端在第一场消隐区的视频数据切换过程可以是，视频发送端响应该视频切换指令，先从第一视频流切换到过渡数据，然后开始向视频接收端发送过渡数据；在发送过渡数据时，视频发送端根据视频切换指令中的视频参数指示信息来修改视频源的参数，得到新的视频流；接着，视频发送端需要等待新视频流的场消隐区到来，当新视频流的场消隐区到来时，将传输的过渡数据切换至新视频流，然后在该场消隐区之后的有效区向视频接收端发送新视频流。
上述实施例中，视频发送端在进行视频数据切换时，不关断视频流，而是先切换至过 渡数据进行传输，然后在传输过渡数据的时候根据视频切换指令中的指示来获取满足需求的新视频流，然后在新视频流的场消隐区又从过渡数据切换至新视频流，再进行传输；这样，就可以在原来连接链路不变的情况下完成视频切换，减少视频切换时间，并且两次数据切换都发生在场消隐区内，可以保证视频发送端向视频接收端发送都是完整视频帧，这样可以避免流视频接收端发送裂屏、闪屏或雪花等现象。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端在发送过渡数据时，还需要根据视频切换指令中携带的视频参数指示信息来进行硬件上的适配，例如修改硬件时钟，修改流量控制信息等，这样可以保证新视频流的有效传输，降低出现兼容性问题的概率，提高了新视频流的传输效率。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端在响应上述视频切换指令之前，当视频发送端在接收到视频切换指令后，就向视频接收端发送切换请求命令，通知视频发送端即将要进行视频切换，该切换请求命令可以包括视频切换指令中的视频参数指示信息等；这样，视频接收端可以根据该切换请求命令中的信息提前进行预处理，当视频接收端的预处理流程结束后，向视频发送端反馈第一切换控制指令，允许视频发送端进行视频切换，这时，视频发送端就可以响应该第一切换控制指令，启动视频切换流程。
在上述实施例中，视频发送端在启动视频切换流程之前，需要通知视频接收端，这样视频接收端就可以提前做好准备，接收新的视频流，避免视频接收端在毫无准备的情况下收到新的视频流后出现裂屏、闪屏或雪花等显示异常，使得系统更加的稳定。
在一个可选的实施方式中，新的第二视频流和原来的第一视频流的传输速率可以相同，也可以不同；当两个视频流的传输速率不同时，需要对硬件进行适配，以适应新的传输速率。因此，视频发送端在传输过渡数据时，可以根据视频切换指令中的视频参数指示信息更改硬件时钟，最终改变视频流的传输速率。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端从过渡数据切换至第二视频流之前，视频发送端还需要接收视频接收端反馈的第二切换控制指令，该第二切换控制指令用于通知视频发送端其已经做好接收新视频流的准备，具有显示第二视频流的能力；此时，视频发送端在接收到该第二切换控制指令后，检测第二视频流的场消隐区是否到来，然后在场消隐区到来后，完成从过渡数据到第二视频流的切换。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端向视频接收端传输的过渡数据为伪随机码型；这样可以保证过渡数据的随机性，使得过渡数据的数据类型更接近原视频流，此时链路层将不会感知视频切换的过程，可以继续维持原来的链路，即可以不关断视频流链路就可以完成视频流切换，加快了视频切换的进程。在一个可选的实施方式中，视频发送端还需要对过渡数据进行内容保护加密处理后再向视频接收端发送；由于视频发送端发送视频流时，会对视频流进行内容保护加密处理，视频发送端和接收端包括认证机制；因此，对过渡数据进行内容保护加密处理可以使得其与视频流数据更加接近，视频接收端不需要对其进行重新认证就可以完成数据传输，从而加快视频切换的进程。
本申请实施例第二方面提供了另一种视频切换方法，包括：
视频发送端向视频接收端传输第一视频流，在传输到第一视频帧时接收到视频切换指 令，该指令指示视频发送端切换至新的视频流；视频发送端在响应上述视频切换指令之前，先向视频接收端发送切换请求命令，通知视频发送端即将要对正在传输的第一视频流进行视频切换，该切换请求命令可以包括视频切换指令中的视频参数指示信息等；此时视频接收端根据该切换请求命令中的信息提前执行切换预处理操作，当视频接收端的预处理流程结束后，向视频发送端反馈第一切换控制指令，允许视频发送端进行数据切换。
在上述实施例中，视频发送端在启动视频切换流程之前，需要通知视频接收端，这样视频接收端就可以提前做好准备，接收新的视频流，进而加快整个视频切换流程的切换时间，使得系统更加的稳定。
在一个可选的实施方式中，视频接收端在接收到切换请求命令后，还需要执行硬件适配操作，在执行完硬件视频操作后，向视频发送端反馈第二切换控制指令，该第二切换控制指令用于通知视频发送端其已经做好接收新视频流的准备，具有显示第二视频流的能力；此时，视频发送端在接收到该第二切换控制指令后，检测第二视频流的场消隐区是否到来，然后在场消隐区到来后，完成从过渡数据到第二视频流的切换。
本申请实施例第三方面提供了一种视频发送端设备，包括：
接收单元，用于在发送第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令；所述第一视频帧为正在发送的第一视频流的其中一帧视频数据；
处理单元，用于当所述第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述视频切换指令携带视频参数指示信息，所述处理单元，具体用于响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至过渡数据，并将所述过渡数据发送至视频接收端；根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数；在第二视频流的第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流；其中，所述第二视频流为所述视频发送端修改视频源参数后得到的新视频流；在所述第二场消隐区之后的有效区向所述视频接收端发送所述第二视频流。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述视频参数指示信息进行硬件适配。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述视频发送端设备还包括发送单元；
所述发送单元，具体用于当所述接收单元接收到所述视频切换指令后，向所述视频接收端发送切换请求命令；
所述接收单元，还用于接收所述视频接收端反馈的第一切换控制指令；
所述处理单元，还用于在所述接收单元在接收到所述第一切换控制指令后，检测所述第一场消隐区是否到来，并在检测到所述第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至所述过渡数据。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述第一视频流和所述第二视频流对应传输速率不同，所述处理单元，具体用于在传输所述过渡数据时，根据所述视频参数指示信息更改硬件时钟，使得视频流的传输速率发生改变。
在一个可选的实施方式中，在所述处理单元根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数 之前，所述接收单元，还用于接收所述视频接送端发送的切换控制指令；
所述处理单元，具体用于当接收单元接收到所述切换控制指令后，根据所述视频参数指示修改视频源的参数，得到所述第二视频流；并且根据所述视频参数指示进行硬件适配。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述过渡数据为伪随机码型。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元，还用于对所述过渡数据进行内容保护加密；所述发送单元，具体用于向所述视频接收端传输加密后的过渡数据。
本申请实施例第四方面提供了一种视频接收端设备，包括：
接收单元，用于接收视频发送端发送的切换请求命令，所述切换请求命令用于指示所述视频发送端对正在传输的第一视频流进行视频切换；
处理单元，用于根据所述切换请求命令进行切换预处理操作；所述切换预处理操作包括将所述接收单元接收到的所述第一视频流的视频帧进行缓存并展示缓存的视频帧；
发送单元，用于当所述处理单元的切换预处理操作执行完成后，所述视频接收端向所述视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令，所述第一切换控制指令用于指示允许所述视频发送端进行所述视频切换。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述切换请求命令执行硬件适配操作；当结束所述硬件适配操作后，向所述视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令；所述第二切换控制指令用于指示所述视频接收端具有显示第二视频流的能力，所述第二视频流为所述切换请求命令中指示的切换目标视频流。
本申请实施例第五方面提供了一种视频发送端设备，该视频发送端设备包括处理器和接口电路，其中，处理器通过接口电路接收或发送数据，处理器被配置为调用存储在存储器中的程序指令，以实现本申请实施例中第一方面至第一方面任一实施方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第六方面提供了一种视频接收端设备，该视频接收端设备包括处理器和存储器，处理器和存储器耦合，所述存储器存储有程序指令，当所述存储器存储的程序指令被所述处理器执行时，实现本申请实施例中第二方面至第二方面任一实施方式所述的方法。
本申请第七方面提供了一种视频连接播放系统，包括：如上述第三方面至第三方面任一实施方式所述的任一项视频发送端设备，如上述第四方面至第四方面任一实施方式所述的任一项视频接收端设备；所述视频发送端设备向所述视频接收端设备发送第一数据流。
本申请第八方面提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质用于储存为上述视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备所用的计算机软件指令，其包括用于执行为视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备所设计的程序。
该视频发送端设备可以如前述第三方面所描述的视频发送端设备。
该视频接收端设备可以如前述第四方面所描述的视频接收端设备。
本申请第九方面提供了一种芯片或者芯片系统，该芯片或者芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以进行第一方面至第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中任一项所描述的视频切换方法；
其中，芯片中的通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。
在一种可能的实现中，本申请中上述描述的芯片或者芯片系统还包括至少一个存储器，该至少一个存储器中存储有指令。该存储器可以为芯片内部的存储单元，例如，寄存器、缓存等，也可以是该芯片的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
本申请第十方面提供了一种芯片或者芯片系统，该芯片或者芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以进行第二方面至第二方面的任一种可能的实现方式中任一项所描述的视频切换方法；
其中，芯片中的通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。
在一种可能的实现中，本申请中上述描述的芯片或者芯片系统还包括至少一个存储器，该至少一个存储器中存储有指令。该存储器可以为芯片内部的存储单元，例如，寄存器、缓存等，也可以是该芯片的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
本申请第十一方面提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机软件指令，该计算机软件指令可通过处理器进行加载来实现上述第一方面至第二方面中任意一项的视频切换方法中的流程。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本申请具有以下优点：
在本申请实施例中，视频发送端的视频数据切换过程发生在场消隐区内，可以保证视频发送端在视频有效区内不进行视频切换，这样视频数据的传输不会在视频帧中间中断，即视频发送端始终向视频接收端发送的是完整视频帧，因此视频接收端所展示的也是完整视频帧对应的完整图像，避免裂屏、闪屏或雪花等现象发生。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中提供的一种高速视频连接播放系统的系统架构图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种视频切换方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种视频切换方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种视频切换方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种视频发送端设备的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种视频接收端设备的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种视频切换方法及相关设备，避免视频接收端出现显示画面裂屏等现象，同时，视频发送端不用关断视频传输过程就能完成视频切换，缩减了高速媒体接口传输过程中的视频切换时间。
下面将结合本申请中的附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变 形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
随着多媒体技术的不断发展，高速媒体连接播放的场景将越来越广泛；一般的，音视频接收端sink和音视频发送端source通过高速媒体接口相连，source向sink传输音视频内容，然后sink将接收到的音视频内容显示。例如，高清电视和机顶盒通过多媒体高速接口相连，音视频数据通过高速传输线从机顶盒传输至高清电视，再由高清电视的显示屏进行播放；在电视播放视频过程中，用户可以根据需求，向机顶盒发送改变原视频分辨率、调整原视频高动态光照渲染(high-dynamic range，HDR)参数指令，或者发送更换视频内容的指令，然后机顶盒则根据该指令需求，调整视频发送源的参数，切换视频信号的输出，最终实现视频切换。
其中，音视频数据是通过视频流的方式进行传输的，其中，视频流中包括多个视频帧数据，每个视频帧代表一个完整的图像；其中，每两个相邻视频帧中，还存在一些非图像的其他数据；这些数据不用于显示视频图像，这些数据包括控制视频传输的控制信号、与视频对应的音频、字幕数据、弹幕数据、特效数据或徽标数据等。数据发送端在通过媒体接口传输视频的源数据时，视频源数据的传输时序包括有效区和消隐区。
其中，在有效区，数据发送端通过媒体接口传输的数据为有效视频数据。这里，有效视频数据即为所传输视频的图像帧数据，即能够在显示屏上显示的数据。为简单描述，下文中将有效视频数据简称为视频数据。
通常，视频数据对应的有效区包括多个行有效区，对于多个行有效区中的任一个行有效区而言，该任一个行有效区是用于传输视频数据中一行视频数据的时段。一行视频数据对应一个行有效区。
在消隐区，数据发送端通过媒体接口传输的数据为无效的视频数据，即消隐区传输的数据不能在显示屏上显示。消隐区传输的数据包括控制视频传输的控制信号、与视频对应的音频、字幕数据、弹幕数据、特效数据或徽标数据等。
通常，消隐区包括行消隐区和场消隐区。
其中，行消隐区也可以称为水平消隐区(Horizontal blanking)。行消隐区一般是指两行视频数据对应的两个行有效区之间的时段。或者可以理解为，在一行视频数据对应的行有效区之后，以及该行视频数据的上一行或下一行视频数据对应的行有效区之前的时段，可以称为行消隐区。
可以理解的是，数据发送端通过媒体接口传输视频数据的过程中，会产生多个行消隐区。应理解，该多个行消隐区的时长可以相同，也可以不同。
场消隐区也可以称为垂直消隐区(vertical blanking)。场消隐区一般是指数据发送端通过媒体接口分别传输视频中两个图像帧对应的视频数据之间的一段时段。通常，场消隐区的时长大于行消隐区的时长。
source在传输视频数据的过程中，依次传输第一个视频帧，再传输第一个视频帧后的 第一个场消隐区内的数据，接着传输第二个视频帧，再传输第二个视频帧后的第二个场消隐区内的数据...依次类推；而在每一个视频帧的传输过程中，source可以依次传输完整图像每一行的视频像素点信号，直到传输完整张图像的全部像素点信号；即上述场消隐区用于传输相邻两个视频帧中，前一个视频帧的最后一行和后一个视频帧第一行中间的非视频图像数据；视频流的有效区域则用于传输每一个视频帧的第一行到最后一行之间的数据。
应当理解，场消隐区还可以理解为视频流中相邻两个视频帧中前一个视频帧的最后一行和后一个视频帧第一行之间的非图像数据所在的区域。对应的，
有效区也可以理解为任一个视频帧中第一行视频数据到最后一行视频数据所占的区域。
现有的，source在接收到用户发送的视频指令后，会将原来正在传输的视频流立即关断，然后根据该视频指令获取新的视频流进行传输；若source传输至某个视频帧的有效区域时接收到了视频切换指令，那么source会从接收到视频切换指令的位置开始，断开视频流，在准备好新的视频流之前，source不再向sink传输视频数据，这样，source会向sink传输一个不完整的视频帧；若sink是实时播放接收到的视频数据时，就会在新视频流到来之前播放一帧不完整的图像，即出现显示画面撕裂、闪屏或雪花等现象，同时也会出现声音异常等兼容性问题。
基于上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种新的视频切换方法，source在视频切换过程中，不关断视频流，通过向sink发送过渡无效数据，将视频切换点控制在场消隐区内，这样可以保证sink接收到的视频数据始终为完整的视频帧，从而避免出现裂屏等现象发生；其中，source和sink之间通过低速传输链路传输相关交互指令，通过高速接口传输视频流。
下面结合具体附图来对本申请实施例提供的方法进行详细的介绍：图1为本申请实施例提供的一种高速视频连接播放系统的系统架构图，如图1所示，该系统包括音视频发送端source和音视频接收端sink，其中，source和sink均包括逻辑层处理模块、空闲数据产生模块、内容保护处理模块(可选)、链路层处理模块、低速控制信号传输模块；而source包括音频处理来源模块和视频处理来源模块，source的链路层处理模块为链路层发送模块；sink包括音频处理接收模块和视频处理接收模块，sink的链路层处理模块为链路层接收模块。Source和sink的低速控制信号传输单元之间的通路称为sideband，该sideband也可以称为低速传输链路。
其中，source的链路层传输模块和sink的链路层处理模块通过高速传输线进行连接，同时,source和sink均包括低速控制信号传输单元，用于传输相关低速交互指令；source的音频处理来源模块和视频处理来源模块用于从服务器接收音视频的内容；而逻辑层处理单元则用来打包或解包音视频数据，根据传输协议对数据进行整合或者拆分；空闲数据产生模块则用来产生过渡无效数据，连接有效音视频数据；内容保护单元则为可选的单元，对传输的视频数据进行加解密处理；而链路层处理单元，则用于对视频数据进行编码，加扰的操作。
基于上述高速视频连接播放系统，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种视频切换方法的流程示意图，如图2所示，该视频切换方法包括：
201、视频发送端在发送第一视频流的第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令；
视频发送端以视频流的方式向视频接收端传输视频数据，然后视频接收端再将接收到的视频数据进行展示；具体的，视频发送端在有效区传输完整的视频帧，每个视频帧对应一个完整的视频图像，在场消隐区传输其他非图像数据。
在视频传输过程中，视频发送端会随时接收到用户发送的视频切换指令；其中，视频切换指令用于对传输的视频流进行切换，示例性的，视频切换指令指示视频发送端改变原视频流的视频参数，包括提高或降低原视频的分辨率、HDR、色深等数据，也可以要求更改视频流的内容，即要求视频发送端发送新的视频流数据，此时，视频发送端就需要根据视频切换指令中的各种需求来获取并切换至新的视频流，向视频接收端发送新视频流。
具体的，用户发送视频切换指令的时间是不确定的，即视频发送端有可能在传输在第一视频流的有效区时接收到视频切换指令，也有可能在场消隐区时接收到该视频切换指令；当视频发送端在场消隐区到来时接收到视频切换指令时，视频发送端向视频接收端传输的视频流中都为完整的视频帧，此时视频发送端可以直接切换至第二视频流；当视频发送端在传输第一视频流的某一个视频帧(第一视频帧)的中间，接收到视频切换指令时，则不能立即进行切换，否则视频发送端在未传输完一个完整视频帧时会中断传输，这样将导致裂屏现象发生。
202、视频发送端向视频接收端发送切换请求命令；
该切换请求指令用于通知视频接收端要进行视频切换；示例性的，切换请求指令中可以反应视频切换指令中的参数需求，即可以包括要修改的视频参数，例如分辨率、HDR、色深等数据，这样视频接收端可以提前获知视频流的切换情况，进行相关的准备工作；示例性的，该切换请求指令可以通过低速控制信息传输模块进行传输交互。应当理解，视频发送端通过sideband将切换请求命令发送给视频接收端。
203、视频接收端根据视频发送端发送的切换请求命令执行切换预处理操作和切换硬件适配操作；
视频接收端在接收到切换请求命令后，就可以根据该切换请求命令中的指示执行预处理操作和硬件适配操作；示例性的，预处理操作可以是对接收到的第一视频流中的视频数据进行缓存，然后从缓存数据中选择一个完整的视频帧进行展示，避免出现展示不完整视频帧的情况；应当理解，视频接收端在视频发送端进行视频切换的过程中直至接收到切换后的第二视频流之前，始终显示缓存的视频帧。一般来说，视频切换的过程持续的时间很短，例如可能只占用显示一帧视频帧所用的时间，因此显示缓存的视频帧不会出现视频卡顿的现象。示例性的，切换预处理操作还可以包括根据切换请求命令中的参数，进行预处理流控参数更改等操作，以加快新视频流的显示速度等，具体不做限定；而硬件适配操作则是视频接收端根据切换后的视频流的视频参数，进行硬件上的适配，为展示新的视频流做好硬件准备，示例性的，若新的视频流的传输速率发生变化时，视频接收端就需要更改硬件时钟，保证视频发送端和视频接收端的硬件时钟一致。
204、视频接收端的切换预处理操作执行完成后，向所述视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令；
当视频接收端在完成切换预处理操作后，可以向视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令，以通知视频接收端可以进行视频切换的动作，并开始显示缓存的视频帧；可选的，视频接收端可以直接响应切换请求命令，向视频发送端反馈第一切换控制指令；可选的，视频发送端还可以主动检测视频接收端的准备情况，轮训视频接收端。应当理解，视频接收端通过sideband反馈第一切换控制指令，或者视频发送端通过sideband主动查询视频接收端的切换准备情况。
如果视频发送端轮训多次视频接收端，接收端的切换预处理操作还未完成，且轮训的次数超过配置的阈值，那么视频发送端就可以认为视频接收端出现异常，不支持新视频流的切换，那么视频发送端就可以返回其决策层，上报本次修改失败，以便进行后续的处理；若视频发送端轮训到视频接收端的预处理完毕，或者视频接收端告知其准备完毕，即视频发送端获取到了成功指示信息后，视频发送端就可以启动视频切换流程，进行视频切换操作。应当理解的，视频接收端通过sideband将第一切换控制指令发送给视频发送端。
205、视频发送端检测第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区是否到来；若是，则执行步骤206，若否，则继续执行步骤205；
当视频发送端在发送第一视频帧时接收到视频切换指令，需要等待第一视频帧后的第一个场消隐区的到来；具体的，视频流中的每个视频帧都代表一帧完整图像，每个完整图像都是由扫描线组成的，视频接收端在展示视频流数据时，也是沿着显示屏从上到下，一行接着一行依次显示的，而场消隐区的数据不用被显示；因此，即使发送端在传输某一视频帧的途中接收到视频切换指令，也需要等到该视频帧后的场消隐区到来时，再响应视频切换指令进行视频切换，这样，可以保证将一帧完整的视频帧传输至视频接收端，避免出现只传输一帧视频帧的部分像素信号的情况。
206、视频发送端响应于视频切换指令，将第一视频流切换至过渡数据，并将所述过渡数据发送至视频接收端；
若第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，视频发送端就可以进行视频切换，由于视频发送端需要时间获取新的视频流，在进行视频切换的过程中，先切换至过渡数据，并向视频接收端传输该过渡数据；然后在过渡数据传输过程中，准备新的视频流进行传输。
具体的，视频发送端发送的过渡数据可以为经过scramble算法处理过的伪随机码型，提高过渡数据的随机性；同时视频发送端还可以对过渡数据进行内容保护加密处理后，再进行传输；其目的是为了使得过渡数据和视频流数据的数据类型尽可能保持一致，这样就无需关断视频流，链路层和视频接收端也感知不到数据的切换；这样可以使得时钟与数据恢复技术(clock and data recover，CDR)和连续时间线性均衡技术(continuous time linear equalizer，CTLE)保持稳定，加速切换流程。
由于视频发送端向视频接收端发送视频流时，需要对视频流进行内容加密保护处理，视频接收端在接收到视频流后，需要对视频帧进行认证，然后对视频流进行解密后再播放，因此对过渡数据经过内容保护加密处理后传输，可以使得内容保护处理模块感知不到视频切换，无需重新建立认证机制，进一步的加快了视频切换时间。
207、视频发送端在传输过渡数据时，根据视频切换指令中的视频参数指示修改视频源 的参数，得到第二视频流，并且根据视频参数指示进行硬件适配。
视频发送端根据视频切换指令中的视频参数指示，来获取新的视频流；具体的，视频发送端根据视频参数指示来修改视频源参数，例如将分辨率为1080p的视频切换至分辨率为4k的视频。
视频发送端还需要进行视频源模块的硬件适配；例如新的视频流的硬件时钟改变时，即第一视频流和第二视频流的传输速率固定，但是传输速率的大小不同时，就需要改变硬件时钟，示例性的，当需要切换的视频流的传输速率发生变化时，视频发送端可以执行如图3所示的视频切换方法的流程；其中，图3所示的其他步骤分别与图2所示实施例中对应的步骤相同，在此不做赘述；步骤307则用于对硬件时钟进行修改，即视频发送端向视频接收端发送过渡数据时，可以对发送端硬件时钟进行修改，示例性的，对硬件时钟进行修改包括完成link时钟域修改，以改变视频流传输速率，方便后续利用新的传输方式传输切换后的第二视频流，可以理解的，对硬件时钟进行修改是进行硬件适配的一种示例。示例性的，本申请实施例还可以应用于传输速率不固定的高速接口场景下，例如在最小化差分信号(transition minimized differential signal，TMDS)传输协议下，视频发送端和视频接收端之间的接口的传输速率是不固定的，当启动TMDS流程时，TMDS的时钟频率随着字符速率的变化而变化，由于新的视频流的字符速率与最初的视频流不同，为避免出现兼容性问题，可以先关断TMDS流程，以固定速率传输过渡数据，待发送第二数据流的时候，重新开启TMDS流程，即可，如图4所示，为该应用场景下的视频切换方法的流程图，在该场景下，在切换到dummy数据之后，方法实施例还包括步骤407：关断TMDS，图4所示的其他步骤分别与图2所示实施例中对应的步骤相同，在此不做赘述；后续传输切换后的第二视频流时，则重新启动TMDS流程即可。
208、视频接收端在完成硬件适配操作后，向视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令；
在上述步骤中，视频接收端在接收到切换请求命令时，还需要进行硬件适配操作，示例性的，当视频接收端在接收硬件适配操作后，需要向视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令，通知视频接收端其已经做好了接收新视频流的硬件准备，已经有了具备显示第二视频流的能力了，这样，视频发送端就可以根据第二切换控制指令来进行第二视频流的切换了。
209、视频发送端判断第二视频流的第二场消隐区是否到来；若到来，则执行步骤210,若未到来，就继续执行步骤209。
当视频发送端准备好第二视频流时，就需要从无效过渡数据切换至传输第二视频流，由于第二视频流初始数据是从接收到视频切换指令处的第一视频帧中间开始的，为了保证视频发送端为视频接收端发送的视频数据全部为完整视频帧；则需要等待第二视频流的场消隐区的到来，在第二视频流的场消隐区进行切换，使得不会有不完整视频帧传输至视频接收端。应当理解，如果视频发送端在接收到视频接收端发送的第二切换控制指令时，视频参数修改以及硬件适配还没有完成，视频发送端会在完成视频参数修改以及硬件适配之后，再检测第二场消隐区是否到来。
210、视频发送端在第二场消隐区内将过渡数据切换至第二视频流，并在第二场消隐区之后的有效区向视频接收端发送第二视频流。
具体的，当第二视频帧的场消隐区到来后，就在该场消隐区内完成数据切换，并且将场消隐区之后的有效区传输在视频接收端，然后继续开始传输其后的视频流。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种视频发送端设备的结构示意图；如图5所示，所述视频发送端设备包括：
接收单元501，用于在发送第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令；所述第一视频帧为正在发送的第一视频流的其中一帧视频数据；
处理单元502，用于当所述第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述视频切换指令携带视频参数指示信息，所述处理单元502，具体用于响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至过渡数据，并将所述过渡数据发送至视频接收端；根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数；在第二视频流的第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流；其中，所述第二视频流为所述视频发送端修改视频源参数后得到的新视频流；在所述第二场消隐区之后的有效区向所述视频接收端发送所述第二视频流。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元502，还用于根据所述视频参数指示信息进行硬件适配。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述视频发送端设备还包括发送单元503；
所述发送单元503，具体用于当所述接收单元301接收到所述视频切换指令后，向所述视频接收端发送切换请求命令；
所述接收单元501，还用于接收所述视频接收端反馈的第一切换控制指令；
所述处理单元502，还用于在所述接收单元501在接收到所述第一切换控制指令后，检测所述第一场消隐区是否到来，并在检测到所述第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至所述过渡数据。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述第一视频流和所述第二视频流对应传输速率不同，所述处理单元502，具体用于在传输所述过渡数据时，根据所述视频参数指示信息更改硬件时钟，使得视频流的传输速率发生改变。
在一个可选的实施方式中，在所述处理单元502根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数之前，所述接收单元501，还用于接收所述视频接送端发送的切换控制指令；
所述处理单元502，具体用于当接收单元501接收到所述切换控制指令后，根据所述视频参数指示修改视频源的参数，得到所述第二视频流；并且根据所述视频参数指示进行硬件适配。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述过渡数据为伪随机码型。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元502，还用于对所述过渡数据进行内容保护加密；
所述发送单元503，具体用于向所述视频接收端传输加密后的过渡数据。
本申请实施例提供的一种视频接收端设备的结构示意图；如图6所示，所述视频接收端设备包括：
接收单元601，用于接收视频发送端发送的切换请求命令，所述切换请求命令用于指示所述视频发送端对正在传输的第一视频流进行视频切换；
处理单元602，用于根据所述切换请求命令进行切换预处理操作；所述切换预处理操作包括将所述接收单元601接收到的所述第一视频流的视频帧进行缓存并展示缓存的视频帧；
发送单元603，用于当所述处理单元602的切换预处理操作执行完成后，所述视频接收端向所述视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令，所述第一切换控制指令用于指示允许所述视频发送端进行所述视频切换。
在一个可选的实施方式中，所述处理单元602，还用于根据所述切换请求命令执行硬件适配操作；当结束所述硬件适配操作后，向所述视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令；所述第二切换控制指令用于指示所述视频接收端具有显示第二视频流的能力，所述第二视频流为所述切换请求命令中指示的切换目标视频流。
图7为一种视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备的硬件架构图，这个图可以表示视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备的处理器芯片的硬件结构，如图7所示，视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备包括：至少一个CPU，存储器，存储器的类型例如可以包括SRAM和ROM，微控制器(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)、安全子系统、WLAN子系统、总线、传输接口等。虽然图7中未示出，该视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备还可以包括应用处理器(Application Processor，AP)，NPU等其他专用处理器，以及电源管理子系统、时钟管理子系统和功耗管理子系统等其他子系统。
视频发送端设备或视频接收端设备的上述各个部分通过连接器相耦合，示例性的，连接器包括各类接口、传输线或总线等，这些接口通常是电性通信接口，但是也可能是机械接口或其它形式的接口，本实施例对此不做限定。
可选的，CPU可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器或多核(multi-CPU)处理器；可选的，CPU可以是多个处理器构成的处理器组，多个处理器之间通过一个或多个总线彼此耦合。在一种可选的情况中，CPU通过调用片上存储器或者片外存储器中存储的程序指令实现如前述方法实施例中的任一种无线投屏的方法。在一种可选的情况中，CPU和MCU共同实现如前述方法实施例中的任一种无线投屏的方法，例如CPU完成无线投屏的方法中的部分步骤，而MCU完成无线投屏的方法中的其他步骤。在一种可选的情况中，AP或者其他专用处理器通过调用片上存储器或者片外存储器中存储的程序指令实现如前述方法实施例中的任一种无线投屏的方法。
该传输接口可以为处理器芯片的接收和发送数据的接口，该传输接口通常包括多种接口，在一种可选的情况下，该传输接口可以包括内部整合电路(Inter-Integrated Circuit，I2C)接口、串行外设接口(Serial Peripheral Interface，SPI)、通用异步收发机(Universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter，UART)接口、通用输入输出(General-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口等。应当理解，这些接口可以是通过复用相同的物理接口来实现不同的功能。
在一种可选的情况中，传输接口还可以包括高清晰度多媒体接口(High Definition  Multimedia Interface，HDMI)、V-By-One接口、嵌入式显示端口(Embedded Display Port，eDP)、移动产业处理器接口(Mobile Industry Processor Interface，MIPI)或Display Port(DP)等。
在一种可选的情况中，上述各部分集成在同一个芯片上；在另一种可选的情况中，存储器可以是独立存在的芯片。
安全子系统可以用于实现对安全认证的相关加密算法。应当理解，与安全认证的相关加密算法通常是硬件实现的，从而可以进一步提升加密算法的安全性。
WLAN子系统例如可以包括RF电路和基带。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质中存储有实现本申请实施例提供的视频切换方法中视频发送端功能的计算机程序指令。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质中存储有实现本申请实施例提供的视频切换方法中视频接收端功能的计算机程序指令。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机软件指令，该计算机软件指令可通过处理器进行加载来实现上述图2所示视频切换方法中的流程。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络 单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，read-only memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，random access memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种视频切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    视频发送端在发送第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令；所述第一视频帧为所述视频发送端正在发送的第一视频流的其中一帧视频数据；
    当所述第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，所述视频发送端响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述视频切换指令携带视频参数指示信息，所述视频发送端响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换，包括：
    所述视频发送端响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至过渡数据，并将所述过渡数据发送至视频接收端；
    所述视频发送端根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数；
    所述视频发送端在第二视频流的第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流；其中，所述第二视频流为所述视频发送端修改视频源参数后得到的新视频流；
    所述视频发送端在所述第二场消隐区之后的有效区向所述视频接收端发送所述第二视频流。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在发送所述过渡数据时，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频发送端根据所述视频参数指示信息进行硬件适配。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述视频发送端接收到所述视频切换指令后，所述视频发送端向所述视频接收端发送切换请求命令；
    所述视频发送端接收所述视频接收端反馈的第一切换控制指令；
    所述视频发送端在接收到所述第一切换控制指令后，检测所述第一场消隐区是否到来，并在检测到所述第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至所述过渡数据。
  5. 根据权利要求3至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一视频流和所述第二视频流对应传输速率不同，所述视频发送端根据所述视频参数指示信息进行硬件适配操作，包括：
    当所述视频发送端在传输所述过渡数据时，所述视频发送端根据所述视频参数指示信息更改硬件时钟，以改变视频流的传输速率。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述视频发送端在所述第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频发送端接收所述视频接送端发送的第二切换控制指令；
    当所述视频发送端接收到所述第二切换控制指令后，所述视频发送端检测所述第二场消隐区，并在所述第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述过渡数据为伪随机码型。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频发送端对所述过渡数据进行内容保护加密；
    所述视频发送端向所述视频接收端传输过渡数据，包括：
    所述视频发送端向所述视频接收端传输加密后的过渡数据。
  9. 一种视频切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    视频接收端接收视频发送端发送的切换请求命令，所述切换请求命令用于指示所述视频发送端对正在传输的第一视频流进行视频切换；
    所述视频接收端响应于所述切换请求命令进行切换预处理操作；所述切换预处理操作包括将接收到的所述第一视频流的视频帧进行缓存并展示缓存的视频帧；
    当所述切换预处理操作执行完成后，所述视频接收端向所述视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令，所述第一切换控制指令用于指示允许所述视频发送端进行所述视频切换。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频接收端根据所述切换请求命令执行硬件适配操作；
    当所述视频接收端结束所述硬件适配操作后，所述视频接收端向所述视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令；所述第二切换控制指令用于指示所述视频接收端具有显示第二视频流的能力，所述第二视频流为所述切换请求命令中指示的切换目标视频流。
  11. 一种视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述视频发送端设备包括：
    接收单元，用于在发送第一视频帧时接收视频切换指令；所述第一视频帧为正在发送的第一视频流的其中一帧视频数据；
    处理单元，用于当所述第一视频帧后的第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令进行视频数据切换。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述视频切换指令携带视频参数指示信息，所述处理单元，具体用于响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至过渡数据，并将所述过渡数据发送至视频接收端；根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数；在第二视频流的第二场消隐区将所述过渡数据切换至所述第二视频流；其中，所述第二视频流为所述视频发送端修改视频源参数后得到的新视频流；在所述第二场消隐区之后的有效区向所述视频接收端发送所述第二视频流。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述视频参数指示信息进行硬件适配。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13任一项所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述视频发送端设备还包括发送单元；
    所述发送单元，具体用于当所述接收单元接收到所述视频切换指令后，向所述视频接收端发送切换请求命令；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述视频接收端反馈的第一切换控制指令；
    所述处理单元，还用于在所述接收单元在接收到所述第一切换控制指令后，检测所述第一场消隐区是否到来，并在检测到所述第一场消隐区到来时，响应于所述视频切换指令将所述第一视频流切换至所述过渡数据。
  15. 根据权利要求13至14任一项所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述第一视 频流和所述第二视频流对应传输速率不同，所述处理单元，具体用于在传输所述过渡数据时，根据所述视频参数指示信息更改硬件时钟，使得视频流的传输速率发生改变。
  16. 根据权利要求12至15任一项所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，在所述处理单元根据所述视频参数指示信息修改视频源参数之前，所述接收单元，还用于接收所述视频接送端发送的切换控制指令；
    所述处理单元，具体用于当接收单元接收到所述切换控制指令后，根据所述视频参数指示修改视频源的参数，得到所述第二视频流；并且根据所述视频参数指示进行硬件适配。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16任一项所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述过渡数据为伪随机码型。
  18. 根据权利要求12至17任一项所述的视频发送端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于对所述过渡数据进行内容保护加密；
    所述发送单元，具体用于向所述视频接收端传输加密后的过渡数据。
  19. 一种视频接收端设备，其特征在于，所述视频接收端设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收视频发送端发送的切换请求命令，所述切换请求命令用于指示所述视频发送端对正在传输的第一视频流进行视频切换；
    处理单元，用于根据所述切换请求命令进行切换预处理操作；所述切换预处理操作包括将所述接收单元接收到的所述第一视频流的视频帧进行缓存并展示缓存的视频帧；
    发送单元，用于当所述处理单元的切换预处理操作执行完成后，所述视频接收端向所述视频发送端发送第一切换控制指令，所述第一切换控制指令用于指示允许所述视频发送端进行所述视频切换。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的视频接收端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述切换请求命令执行硬件适配操作；当结束所述硬件适配操作后，向所述视频发送端发送第二切换控制指令；所述第二切换控制指令用于指示所述视频接收端具有显示第二视频流的能力，所述第二视频流为所述切换请求命令中指示的切换目标视频流。
  21. 一种视频发送端设备，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器通过所述接口电路接收或发送数据，所述处理器被配置为调用存储在存储器中的程序指令，以实现权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种视频接收端设备，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器耦合，所述存储器存储有程序指令，当所述存储器存储的程序指令被所述处理器执行时，实现权利要求9至10任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括程序指令，当所述程序指令在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如权利要求1至8，或权利要求9至10中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括程序指令，当所述程序指令在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如权利要求1至8，或权利要求9至10中任一项所述的方法。
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