WO2022145242A1 - 複合吸収体及び衛生用品 - Google Patents
複合吸収体及び衛生用品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022145242A1 WO2022145242A1 PCT/JP2021/046333 JP2021046333W WO2022145242A1 WO 2022145242 A1 WO2022145242 A1 WO 2022145242A1 JP 2021046333 W JP2021046333 W JP 2021046333W WO 2022145242 A1 WO2022145242 A1 WO 2022145242A1
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- Prior art keywords
- absorbent
- polymer
- body fluid
- composite
- absorber
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/425—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties
- A61F2013/530715—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties by the acquisition rate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties
- A61F2013/530737—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties by the absorbent capacity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite absorber and a sanitary product having the same.
- Patent Document 1 describes an absorbent article using an absorbent body formed by combining absorbent resin particles (highly absorbent polymer) having an excellent absorption amount and hydrophilic fibers such as pulp fibers having an excellent absorption rate. Is disclosed.
- SAP highly absorbent polymer
- a body fluid such as urine is discharged from a wearer of a sanitary product
- the body fluid is quickly absorbed by the pulp in the absorber, temporarily held in the pulp, and then has a high water retention capacity. It will be handed over to the SAP and retained within the SAP.
- body fluids such as urine to be absorbed by the absorber depend on differences in eating habits (for example, components of ingested food and drink) and living environment (for example, frequency of sweating and urination).
- the salt concentration in the body fluid varies greatly, and in particular, even a small amount of divalent ions (for example, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , etc.) in the body fluid absorbs SAP (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate). Will have a great adverse effect on.
- the conventional absorber does not have a function of modifying the salt concentration in the body fluid such as urine, the body fluid temporarily held in the pulp is passed to the SAP as it is. Due to the influence of the salt concentration in the body fluid (particularly, the divalent ion concentration), the absorption performance of SAP varies, and as a result, the absorption performance of the absorber may not be stably exhibited.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an absorber capable of stably exhibiting absorption performance.
- One aspect (aspect 1) of the present invention is a complex absorber for absorbing body fluids.
- the composite absorber comprises a polymer absorbent having a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores, and a highly absorbent polymer.
- the polymer absorbent contains at least -COOH group and -COONa group as ion exchange groups, and the total ion exchange capacity of the -COOH group and -COONa group per mass in a dry state is 4.0 mg equivalent /
- the complex absorber characterized in that it is g or more.
- the polymer absorbent has a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores, so that body fluid such as urine can be quickly absorbed and temporarily retained, and further, ions can be obtained.
- ions in the body fluid particularly Ca 2+ , Divalent ions such as Mg 2+
- the body fluid is adversely affected by the absorption performance (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate) of the highly absorbent polymer (SAP).
- the composite absorber of this embodiment since the body fluid is modified with the polymer absorbent and then delivered to SAP, the absorption performance of SAP is less likely to vary, and the absorption performance as an absorber is stable. Can be demonstrated.
- the polymer absorbent in the composite absorber of the above aspect 1, is characterized in that the ion exchange rate of polyvalent ions is 50% or more.
- the ion exchange rate of the polyvalent ion (ion having a divalent or higher valence) of the polymer absorbent is 50% or more, and the body fluid can be more reliably modified. Therefore, the absorption performance of SAP. It is possible to make the variation less likely to occur, and it is possible to more stably exhibit the absorption performance as an absorber.
- the polymer absorbent in the composite absorber of the above aspect 1 or 2, has a water absorption amount of 30 g / g or more per unit mass.
- the polymer absorbent has a water absorption amount of a certain level or more, and can absorb a larger amount of body fluid and steadily reform the body fluid, so that the absorption performance of the SAP further varies. It can be made difficult, and the absorption performance as an absorber can be exhibited more stably.
- the polymer absorbent in any of the composite absorbers of the above aspects 1 to 3, has a porosity of 85% or more per unit volume of the polymer absorbent. It is characterized by being.
- the polymer absorbent has a porosity of a certain level or more, and can absorb a larger amount of body fluid and steadily reform the body fluid, so that the absorption performance of the SAP varies more. It can be made difficult, and the absorption performance as an absorber can be more stably and satisfactorily exhibited.
- the polymer absorbent in any of the composite absorbers of the above aspects 1 to 4, is characterized in that the average diameter of the continuous pores is 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. And.
- the space (pores) for taking in the body fluid of the polymer absorbent is less likely to be crushed, and more. It can have a high absorption rate and can stably exhibit excellent absorption performance.
- the porosity per unit volume of the polymer absorbent is 85% or more and the average diameter of the continuous pores is 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, the body fluid should be absorbed and modified by more pores. Therefore, there is an advantage that more excellent ion exchange efficiency can be realized.
- the polymer absorbent is a monolithic absorbent.
- the polymer absorbent is a monolithic absorbent, which can quickly absorb the body fluid and more steadily transfer the temporarily held liquid to the SAP. Further excellent absorption performance can be stably exhibited.
- the polymer absorbent in any of the composite absorbers of aspects 1 to 6, is a (meth) acrylic acid ester and two or more in one molecule. It is characterized by being a hydrolyzate of a crosslinked polymer of a compound containing a vinyl group.
- the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is likely to be elongated and the continuous pores are likely to be expanded when the body fluid is absorbed. It is possible to take in the body fluid of the body fluid more quickly into the continuous pores, exhibit higher absorption performance as an absorber, and steadily modify more body fluid, further increasing the variation in the absorption performance of the SAP. It can be made less likely to occur.
- the highly absorbent polymer is an acrylic acid-based highly absorbent polymer having cations on its surface. It is characterized by being.
- Acrylic acid-based highly absorbent polymer (SAP) having cations on its surface is particularly susceptible to adverse effects on absorption performance (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate) due to ions in the body fluid.
- SAP highly absorbent polymer
- the composite absorber contains such SAP
- the polymer absorbent absorbs and temporarily retains the body fluid
- the ions in the body fluid are ionized by the -COOH group and the -COONa group. Since it can be replaced and the body fluid can be modified, the absorption performance of the SAP is less likely to vary, and the absorption performance as an absorber can be stably exhibited.
- yet another aspect (aspect 9) of the present invention is a hygienic product characterized by having the complex absorber according to any one of the above aspects 1 to 8.
- the hygienic product of this embodiment has the composite absorber according to any one of the above-mentioned aspects 1 to 8, it has high absorption performance as a hygienic product (for example, absorption performance such as less likely to cause rewetting and high absorption speed). Can be demonstrated.
- the present invention can provide an absorber capable of stably exhibiting absorption performance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the light incontinence pad 1 in the deployed state as viewed from the skin facing surface side in the thickness direction.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the absorbent A, which is an example of the polymer absorbent.
- FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the absorbent A at a magnification of 50 times.
- FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of the absorbent A at a magnification of 100 times.
- FIG. 5 is an SEM photograph of the absorbent A at a magnification of 500 times.
- FIG. 6 is an SEM photograph of the absorbent A at a magnification of 1000 times.
- FIG. 7 is an SEM photograph of the absorbent A at a magnification of 1500 times.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the monovalent and divalent ion concentrations in body fluid (urine) and the absorption performance of SAP (water absorption amount, water retention amount and absorption rate).
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of the absorbent A, which is an example of the polymer absorbent, on the divalent ion concentration in the body fluid (urine).
- a preferred embodiment of the composite absorber of the present invention will be described in detail using a light incontinence pad 1 which is an example of a hygienic product to which the composite absorber is applied.
- a light incontinence pad 1 which is an example of a hygienic product to which the composite absorber is applied.
- an object placed on a horizontal plane in a deployed state for example, a light incontinence pad, a composite absorber, etc.
- the object is a sanitary product.
- looking in the thickness direction of the object from the surface sheet side is simply called "planar view”.
- the "longitudinal direction” refers to "the direction in which the length of a vertically long object (for example, a light incontinence pad in a deployed state, a composite absorber, etc.) in a plan view is long" and is “the width direction”.
- the short direction of the length of the vertically long object in the plan view and “the thickness direction” refers to "the direction perpendicular to the object placed on the horizontal plane in the unfolded state", and their longitudinal directions.
- the direction, width direction, and thickness direction are orthogonal to each other.
- skin is relatively proximal to the wearer's skin surface when the light incontinence pad 1 is worn in the thickness direction of the light incontinence pad 1. It is referred to as “opposing surface side", and "when the light incontinence pad 1 is worn, the side relatively distal to the wearer's skin surface” is referred to as “non-skin facing surface side”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a light incontinence pad 1 in a deployed state to which the composite absorber 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the light incontinence pad 1 has a longitudinal direction L and a width direction W in a plan view, and two longitudinal end edges project in an arc shape toward the outward side in the longitudinal direction. It has a vertically long outer shape.
- the external shape of the light incontinence pad 1 is not limited to such a mode, and any shape (for example, oval shape, rectangular shape, etc.) according to various uses, usage modes, etc., as long as it is a vertically long shape. Hourglass shape, etc.) can be adopted.
- the light incontinence pad 1 has a liquid-permeable surface sheet 2 that forms the surface of the light incontinence pad 1 on the skin-facing surface side and a back surface that forms the surface of the light incontinence pad 1 on the non-skin-facing surface side.
- a sheet 3 and a composite absorber 4 located between these sheets are provided as a basic configuration.
- an adhesive portion (not shown) which is arranged on the surface of the back surface sheet 3 on the non-skin facing surface side and adhesively fixes the light incontinence pad 1 to the inner surface of clothing such as the wearer's underwear is further provided. I have.
- the light incontinence pad 1 is not limited to such a configuration, and is, for example, located at both ends of the light incontinence pad 1 in the width direction W at a position on the skin facing surface side of the surface sheet 2 and in the longitudinal direction.
- a pair of side sheets for forming a leak-proof wall arranged so as to extend to L, and a plurality of elastic members arranged along the longitudinal direction L in each of the pair of side sheets are provided. May be.
- the composite absorber 4 is located between the front surface sheet 2 and the back surface sheet 3, and can absorb body fluid such as urine that has been discharged from the wearer and has permeated the front surface sheet 2.
- body fluid such as urine that has been discharged from the wearer and has permeated the front surface sheet 2.
- such composite absorber 4 comprises a polymer absorbent with a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores, and a highly absorbent polymer (SAP).
- SAP highly absorbent polymer
- the above-mentioned polymer absorbent contains at least -COOH group and -COONa group as ion exchange groups, and the total ion exchange capacity of -COOH group and -COONa group per mass in a dry state is 4.0 mg. It has a peculiar ion exchange ability of equal amount / g or more.
- the composite absorber 4 can quickly absorb body fluids such as urine and temporarily retain them, and further, an ion exchange group.
- body fluids such as urine and temporarily retain them
- an ion exchange group By containing a certain amount or more of -COOH group and -COONa group, ions in the body fluid (particularly Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) when the polymer absorbent absorbs the body fluid and temporarily retains the body fluid. , Etc.) by ion exchange with -COOH group and -COONa group to reform the body fluid into a body fluid that does not adversely affect the absorption performance of SAP (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate). Can be done.
- the composite absorber 4 can transfer the body fluid to the SAP after being modified with the polymer absorbent, so that the absorption performance of the SAP is less likely to vary and the absorption performance as the absorber is stably exhibited. can do.
- the light incontinence pad 1 provided with such a composite absorber 4 can also exhibit high absorption performance as a light incontinence pad (for example, absorption performance such as less likely to cause rewetting and faster absorption speed).
- the surface sheet 2 extends from one side edge of the light incontinence pad 1 in the longitudinal direction L to the other side edge in a plan view, and
- the light incontinence pad 1 has a vertically long outer shape extending from the vicinity of one side edge of the width direction W to the vicinity of the other side edge.
- the surface sheet 2 is arranged at a position on the skin facing surface side in the thickness direction of the light incontinence pad 1 and forms a contact surface that can come into contact with the wearer's skin, that is, the surface of the light incontinence pad 1 on the skin facing surface side. It is composed of a liquid-permeable sheet-like member.
- the surface sheet 2 has a size slightly larger in the longitudinal direction L and the width direction W than the composite absorber 4 arranged on the non-skin facing surface side of the surface sheet 2. It is joined to the back surface sheet 3 located on the non-skin facing surface side in the peripheral portion.
- the outer shape, various dimensions, basis weight, etc. of the surface sheet are not particularly limited as long as they can be used as the surface sheet of sanitary products, depending on desired liquid permeability, touch, flexibility, strength, and the like. Any external shape, various dimensions, basis weight, etc. can be adopted.
- the back surface sheet 3 extends from one side edge of the light incontinence pad 1 in the longitudinal direction L to the other side edge and extends in the width direction W of the light incontinence pad 1 in a plan view. It has a vertically long outer shape extending from one side edge to the other side edge.
- the back sheet 3 is arranged at a position on the non-skin facing surface side in the thickness direction of the light incontinence pad 1 to form the non-skin facing surface of the light incontinence pad 1 and urine that has permeated the composite absorber 4. It is composed of a liquid-impermeable sheet-like member that prevents body fluids such as those from leaking to the outside of the light incontinence pad 1.
- the outer shape, various dimensions, basis weight, etc. of the back sheet are not particularly limited as long as they can be used as the back sheet of sanitary goods, and are arbitrary according to desired leakage-proof performance, breathability, strength, and the like. It is possible to adopt the external shape, various dimensions, basis weight, etc.
- the composite absorber 4 is one of the longitudinal directions L centered on the central portion of the light incontinence pad 1 in the longitudinal direction L and the width direction W in a plan view. It extends over a wide area in the longitudinal direction L extending from the vicinity of the side edge to the vicinity of the other side edge, and also in the width direction W, a wide area extending from the vicinity of one side edge of the width direction W to the vicinity of the other side edge. Further, it has a vertically long outer shape in which two longitudinal end edges project in an arc shape toward the outward side in the longitudinal direction.
- the composite absorber 4 has a constricted portion in the central portion in the longitudinal direction in a plan view, which is relatively smaller in width direction than the other portions, and further, the constricted portion. It has a minimum width portion having a minimum width of the composite absorber 4 and a maximum width portion having a maximum width of the composite absorber 4 on the outer side in the longitudinal direction of the constricted portion.
- the composite absorber 4 is arranged between the front surface sheet 2 and the back surface sheet 3 in the thickness direction of the light incontinence pad 1, and can absorb and retain body fluid such as urine that has permeated the front surface sheet 2.
- the water-absorbent member is formed of a water-absorbent material such as a polymer absorbent, a hydrophilic fiber, and a highly absorbent polymer, which will be described later, and a sheet such as a tissue holding the water-absorbent material. .. That is, the composite absorber means a water-absorbent member composed of a water-absorbent material capable of absorbing and holding a body fluid and a sheet holding the water-absorbent material.
- the composite absorber 4 is bonded to each of the front surface sheet 2 and the back surface sheet 3 with an arbitrary adhesive such as a hot melt type adhesive.
- the composite absorber 4 contains, as described above, a polymer absorbent having a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores and having the above-mentioned unique ion exchange ability, and a highly absorbent polymer as essential constituents.
- the polymer absorbent will be described later, the super absorbent polymer is a powder or granule made of a super absorbent polymer such as a sodium acrylate copolymer known in the art, and is referred to as SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer). Is to be done.
- SAP Super Absorbent Polymer
- the specific type of the highly absorbent polymer (SAP) is not particularly limited, but for example, an acrylic acid-based SAP in which cations are present on the surface can be preferably used.
- Acrylic acid-based SAPs in which cations are present on the surface are particularly susceptible to adverse effects on the absorption performance (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate) due to ions in the body fluid, but the composite absorber 4 is Even when such SAP is contained, when the polymer absorbent absorbs and temporarily retains the body fluid, the ions in the body fluid are ion-exchanged by the -COOH group and the -COONa group to exchange the body fluid. Since it can be modified, the absorption performance of the SAP is less likely to vary, and the absorption performance as an absorber can be stably exhibited.
- the composite absorbent 4 may contain only the above-mentioned polymer absorbent and SAP as the water-absorbent material, or may further contain a water-absorbent material known in the art. good.
- a water-absorbent material include hydrophilic fibers, and more specifically, pulp fibers (for example, crushed pulp and the like), cellulosic fibers such as cotton, rayon, and acetate.
- the composite absorbent 4 may have a structure in which such a polymer absorbent, SAP, and any water-absorbent material are covered with a wrap sheet such as a hydrophilic tissue.
- the outer shape, various dimensions, basis weight, etc. of the composite absorber are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and any outer shape according to desired water absorption, flexibility, strength, etc. Various dimensions, basis weight, etc. can be adopted.
- the polymer absorbent has a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores, contains at least -COOH groups and -COONa groups as ion exchange groups, and has -COOH groups and-per mass in a dry state.
- the total ion exchange capacity of the COONa group is not particularly limited as long as it has a unique ion exchange ability of 4.0 mg equivalent / g or more.
- Such a polymer absorbent is, for example, a hydrolyzate of a crosslinked polymer of two or more monomers containing at least (meth) acrylic acid ester, and has a high functional group having at least one hydrophilic group. Molecular compounds can be mentioned.
- Molecular compounds can be mentioned.
- Such a polymer absorbent is an organic porous body having at least one -COONa group in one molecule, and further has a -COOH group. -COONa groups are distributed substantially uniformly in the skeleton of the porous body.
- the polymer absorbent is a hydrolyzate of such a (meth) acrylic acid ester and a crosslinked polymer of a compound containing two or more vinyl groups in one molecule, as will be described later, in urine and the like.
- the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is easily elongated (that is, easily expanded), and the continuous pores are also easily expanded, so that more body fluid can be taken into the continuous pores more quickly.
- the composite absorber containing such a polymer absorbent can exhibit higher absorption performance as an absorber, and can steadily modify more body fluids, so that the absorption performance of SAP can be improved. It is possible to further reduce the variation.
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester means an acrylic acid ester or a methacrylic acid ester.
- a continuous hydrophilicity is provided by an organic polymer having at least -COONa group and -COOH group.
- a skeleton is formed, and the skeleton has a communication hole (continuous pore) that serves as an absorption field for a liquid to be absorbed (that is, a body fluid such as urine). Since the hydrolysis treatment changes the -COOR group (that is, the carboxylic acid ester group) of the crosslinked polymer to a -COONa group or a -COOH group (see FIG. 2), the polymer absorbent is -COOR. It may have a group.
- the presence of -COOH and -COONa groups in the organic polymer forming a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and the total ion exchange capacity of -COOH and -COONa groups per mass in the dry state are determined by the infrared spectrophotometric method and weakly acidic. It can be confirmed by analysis by the quantification method of ion exchange groups.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the absorbent A, which is an example of the polymer absorbent.
- the upper figure shows the constituent raw materials of the polymerization
- the middle figure shows Monolith A which is a crosslinked polymer of (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene
- the lower figure shows the hydrolysis and hydrolysis to Monolith A in the middle figure.
- the absorbent A obtained by the drying treatment is shown.
- an absorbent A formed by a hydrolyzate of a crosslinked polymer of (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene, which is an example of a polymer absorbent, will be described.
- the polymer absorbent is not limited to such a absorbent A, but is a hydrolyzate of a (meth) acrylic acid ester and a crosslinked polymer of a compound having two or more vinyl groups in one molecule, or , It may be a hydrolyzate of a crosslinked polymer of two or more kinds of monomers containing at least (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- the polymer absorbent is a monolithic absorbent, the body fluid can be quickly absorbed and the body fluid temporarily held by the polymer absorbent can be more steadily delivered to the SAP.
- the composite absorber containing such a polymer absorbent can stably exhibit further excellent absorption performance.
- “monolith A” is an organic porous body composed of a crosslinked polymer of (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene before hydrolysis treatment, and is “monolithic organic porous”. Sometimes referred to as “polymer”. Further, the “absorbent A” is a hydrolyzate of a crosslinked polymer (monolith A) of (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene after being hydrolyzed and dried. In the following description, the absorbent A is in a dry state.
- the absorbent A has a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores as described above.
- the absorbent A which is an organic polymer having a hydrophilic continuous skeleton, was obtained by cross-linking and polymerizing a (meth) acrylic acid ester as a polymerization monomer and divinylbenzene as a cross-linking monomer. It is obtained by further hydrolyzing the crosslinked polymer (Monolith A).
- the organic polymer forming a hydrophilic continuous skeleton has an ethylene group polymerization residue (hereinafter referred to as “constituent unit X”) and a crosslinked polymerization residue of divinylbenzene (hereinafter referred to as “constituent unit Y”) as constituent units. ”) And. Furthermore, the polymerization residue (constituent unit X) of the ethylene group in the organic polymer forming the hydrophilic continuous skeleton has both -COOH group and -COONa group generated by hydrolysis of the carboxylic acid ester group. .. When the polymerization monomer is a (meth) acrylic acid ester, the polymerization residue (constituent unit X) of the ethylene group has an —COONa group, a —COOH group and an ester group.
- the ratio of the crosslinked polymerization residue (constituent unit Y) of divinylbenzene in the organic polymer forming the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is, for example, 0.1 to 30 mol% with respect to all the constituent units. , Preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%.
- the ratio of the cross-linking polymerization residue (constituent unit Y) of divinylbenzene in the organic polymer forming a hydrophilic continuous skeleton is, for example, 0.1 to 30 mol% with respect to all the constituent units. , Preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%.
- the ratio of the cross-linking polymerization residue (constituent unit Y) of divinylbenzene in the organic polymer forming a hydrophilic continuous skeleton is, for example, 0.1 to 30 mol% with respect to all the constituent units. , Preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%.
- the ratio of the crosslinked polymerization residue of the divinylbenzene in the organic polymer forming the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is 0.1 mol% or more, the strength of the absorbent A is less likely to decrease, and the divinylbenzene is also difficult to decrease.
- the ratio of the crosslinked polymerization residue of the above is 30 mol% or less, the absorption amount of the liquid to be absorbed is less likely to decrease.
- the organic polymer forming the hydrophilic continuous skeleton may be composed of only the constituent unit X and the constituent unit Y, or in addition to the constituent unit X and the constituent unit Y, It may have a structural unit other than the structural unit X and the structural unit Y, that is, a polymerization residue of a monomer other than the (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene.
- Examples of the constituent units other than the constituent unit X and the constituent unit Y include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, vinylbenzyl chloride, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, isobutene, butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene, vinyl chloride, and bromide.
- Polymerization residues of monomers such as vinyl, vinylidene chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropanetri (meth) acrylate Can be mentioned.
- the ratio of the structural units other than the structural unit X and the structural unit Y in the organic polymer forming the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is, for example, 0 to 50 mol%, preferably 0 to 30 with respect to all the structural units. It is mol%.
- the absorbent A preferably has a hydrophilic continuous skeleton having a thickness of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the hydrophilic continuous skeleton of the absorbent A is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the space (pores) for taking in the absorption target liquid (body fluid) in the porous body is less likely to be crushed during absorption, and the absorption amount is reduced. It becomes difficult to do.
- the thickness of the hydrophilic continuous skeleton is 100 ⁇ m or less, an excellent absorption rate can be easily obtained.
- the thickness of the continuous skeleton is measured by using the skeleton cross section appearing on the test piece for electron microscope measurement as the evaluation point of the thickness. ..
- the continuous skeleton is often formed in a polygonal shape because it is formed at intervals between water (water droplets) that are removed by dehydration / drying treatment after hydrolysis. Therefore, the thickness of the continuous skeleton is the average value of the diameters ( ⁇ m) of the circles circumscribing the polygonal cross section. Also, in rare cases, there may be a small hole in the polygon, in which case the circumscribed circle of the cross section of the polygon surrounding the small hole is measured.
- the absorbent A preferably has an average diameter of continuous pores of 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the average diameter of the continuous pores of the absorbent A is 1 ⁇ m or more, the space (pores) for taking in the absorption target liquid (body fluid) of the porous body is less likely to be crushed during absorption, and the absorption rate is less likely to decrease. ..
- the average diameter of the continuous pores is 1000 ⁇ m or less, an excellent absorption rate can be easily obtained. Therefore, the composite absorber provided with such an absorbent A can stably exhibit excellent absorption performance.
- the porosity per unit volume of the polymer absorbent described later is 85% or more and the average diameter of the continuous pores is 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, the body fluid is absorbed and modified by more pores. Since the quality can be improved, there is an advantage that better ion exchange efficiency can be realized.
- the average diameter ( ⁇ m) of the continuous pores of the absorbent A can be measured by the mercury intrusion method, and the maximum value of the pore distribution curve obtained by the mercury intrusion method is adopted.
- a sample for measuring the average diameter of the continuous pores a sample dried for 18 hours or more in a vacuum dryer set at a temperature of 50 ° C. is used regardless of the ionic form of the absorbent A.
- the final ultimate pressure is 0 Torr.
- FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph having a magnification of 50 times for the absorbent A
- FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph having a magnification of 100 times for the absorbent A
- FIG. 5 is an SEM photograph having a magnification of 500 for the absorbent A. It is a double SEM photograph
- FIG. 6 is an SEM photograph having a magnification of 1000 times for the absorbent A
- FIG. 7 is an SEM photograph having a magnification of 1500 times for the absorbent A.
- the absorbent A shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 is an example of an absorbent having butyl methacrylate as a polymerization monomer and divinylbenzene as a cross-linking monomer, and each has a cubic structure of 2 mm square.
- the absorbent A shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 has a large number of bubble-shaped macropores, and further has a portion where these bubble-shaped macropores overlap each other.
- the absorbent A has an open cell structure in which the overlapping portions of the macropores have a common opening (mesopore), that is, an open cell structure (continuous macropore structure).
- the portion where the macropores overlap each other has a common opening (mesopore) having an average diameter of 1 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m in a dry state, and most of them have an open pore structure. It has become.
- the average diameter of the mesopore in a dry state is 1 ⁇ m or more, the absorption rate of the liquid to be absorbed becomes better.
- the average diameter of the mesopore in a dry state is 1000 ⁇ m or less, the absorbent A is less likely to become brittle. It should be noted that the number of such macropores overlapped with each other is about 1 to 12 for one macropore, and about 3 to 10 for most macropores.
- the absorbent A has such an open cell structure, the macropore group and the mesopore group can be uniformly formed, and the particle aggregation type as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-252579 etc. can be formed uniformly. Compared to the porous body, there is an advantage that the pore volume and the specific surface area can be significantly increased.
- the total pore volume of the pores (pores) of the absorbent A is preferably 0.5 to 50 mL / g, more preferably 2 to 30 mL / g.
- the total pore volume of the absorbent A is 0.5 mL / g or more, the space (pores) for taking in the absorption target liquid (body fluid) of the porous body is less likely to be crushed during absorption, and the absorption amount and absorption rate Is less likely to decrease.
- the total pore volume of the absorbent A is 50 mL / g or less, the strength of the absorbent A is less likely to decrease.
- the total pore volume can be measured by the mercury intrusion method.
- a sample dried for 18 hours or more in a vacuum dryer set at a temperature of 50 ° C. is used regardless of the ionic form of the absorbent A.
- the final ultimate pressure is 0 Torr.
- body fluid a liquid such as a body fluid
- the continuous pores included in the absorbent A shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 are pores in which a plurality of pores (pores) communicate with each other, and a large number of pores are provided from the appearance. Can be visually recognized with the naked eye.
- the hydrophilic continuous skeleton first instantly takes up a part of the body fluid by osmotic pressure and expands (that is, expands). This extension of the continuous skeleton occurs in almost all directions.
- the outer shape of the absorbent A increases due to the elongation of the continuous skeleton during water absorption, the size of each pore of the absorbent A also increases.
- the absorbent A which has been enlarged by absorbing a certain amount of body fluid in this way, can further absorb a predetermined amount of body fluid into the enlarged pores by the capillary phenomenon.
- the body fluid absorbed in the hydrophilic continuous skeleton of the absorbent A is difficult to be released from the continuous skeleton (that is, it is difficult to separate water), while the body fluid absorbed in the continuous pores is easily separated from water, so that it is complexly absorbed.
- the body fluid absorbed in the continuous pores is separated from the water, transferred to the SAP having a high water retention capacity, and steadily maintained in the SAP.
- the amount of body fluid absorbed by the absorbent A is larger than that absorbed in the hydrophilic continuous skeleton. Since most of the absorption of body fluid by the absorbent A is performed by retaining the body fluid in the pores by capillarity, the porosity (that is, absorption) which is the ratio of the volume of the voids in the pores (total pore volume). The larger the volume of the voids in the pores relative to the unit volume of the agent A, the more body fluid can be absorbed.
- the porosity per unit volume of such a polymer absorbent is preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.
- the porosity per unit volume of the polymer absorbent is 85% or more, more body fluid can be absorbed and steadily modified, so that variation in the absorption performance of SAP can be made less likely to occur. ..
- the composite absorber containing such a polymer absorbent can more stably and satisfactorily exhibit the absorption performance as an absorber.
- the porosity of the absorbent A shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 described above is as follows.
- the specific surface area of the absorbent A obtained by the mercury intrusion method is 400 m 2 / g, and the pore volume is 15.5 mL / g.
- This pore volume of 15.5 mL / g means that the volume of the pores in 1 g of the absorbent A is 15.5 mL.
- the specific gravity of the absorbent A is 1 g / mL
- the volume occupied by the pores in 1 g of the absorbent A that is, the pore volume is 15.5 mL
- the volume of the absorbent A of 1 g. Becomes 1 mL.
- the total volume (volume) of 1 g of the absorbent A becomes 15.5 + 1 (mL), and the ratio of the pore volume thereof becomes the porosity. Therefore, the porosity of the absorbent A is 15.5 / (. 15.5 + 1) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 94%.
- the absorbent A having such a hydrophilic continuous skeleton and continuous pores that is, the polymer absorbent is in the form of particles or sheets, for example, like the composite absorber 4 of the above-mentioned light incontinence pad 1. It is applied to complex absorbers for absorbing body fluids such as urine.
- this polymer absorbent contains at least -COOH groups and -COONa groups as ion exchange groups, and has a total ion exchange capacity of -COOH groups and -COONa groups per mass in a dry state.
- the ions in the body fluid (particularly Ca 2+ , (Divalent ions such as Mg 2+ ) are ion-exchanged by -COOH group and -COONa group, and the body fluid is adversely affected by the absorption performance (particularly, water absorption amount, water retention amount, absorption rate) of the highly absorbent polymer (SAP). It can be reformed into a body fluid that is difficult to exert.
- the composite absorber to which such a polymer absorbent is applied can be delivered to the SAP after the body fluid is modified with the polymer absorbent, so that the absorption performance of the SAP is less likely to vary, and the absorber is less likely to vary. It is possible to stably demonstrate the absorption performance as.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the monovalent and divalent ion concentrations in the body fluid (urine) and the absorption performance of SAP (water absorption amount, water retention amount and absorption rate), and FIG. 9 is a graph showing high. It is a graph which shows the influence which the absorbent A which is an example of a molecular absorbent has on the divalent ion concentration in a body fluid (urine). As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that the water absorption amount, the water retention amount, and the absorption rate of the SAP decrease as the monovalent and divalent ion concentrations in the body fluid (urine) increase.
- the divalent ion concentration has a large effect on the absorption performance of SAP, and even if it is a trace amount, the amount of water absorption, the amount of water retention, and the absorption rate of SAP are greatly reduced.
- the ion concentration in the body fluid has a great adverse effect on the absorption performance of SAP, and the ion concentration is the dietary habit (for example, the components of the ingested food and drink) and the living environment (for example). , Frequency of sweating and urinating, etc.), and there are variations in each body fluid (that is, differences in body fluid type and individual differences, etc.). There will be variations.
- the absorbent A which is an example of the present invention, contains at least -COOH group and -COONa group as ion exchange groups, and has a total ion exchange capacity of -COOH group and -COONa group per mass in a dry state. Since it has a unique ion exchange ability of 4.0 mg equivalent / g or more, as shown in FIG. 9, the ions (particularly divalent ions) in the body fluid (urine) are the -COOH group and-. Ion exchange can be carried out by the COONa group to significantly reduce the ion concentration in the body fluid (urine), that is, the body fluid (urine) can be modified into a body fluid that does not adversely affect the absorption performance of SAP.
- the graph shown in FIG. 9 shows the rate of change in ion concentration before and after contact between the actual urine (actual urine A, B and C) of three humans having different divalent ion concentrations and the absorbent A (that is, that is).
- the ion exchange rate of the absorbent A) was measured as follows. First, the divalent ion concentrations (mEq / L) of each of the three real urines A, B and C are measured using an ion meter (HORIBA Compact Calcium Ion Meter LAQUAtwin-Ca-11 manufactured by Horiba Advanced Techno Co., Ltd.). do. The measured ion concentration is defined as the ion concentration "before contact with the absorbent A".
- 0.2 g of the polymer absorbent (absorbent A) was added to a glass filter (climbing glass filter, model number: 0777-01-101, outer diameter x foot length (mm): ⁇ 7 x 80, filter diameter. : ⁇ 20 mm, capacity: 30 mL, material: borosilicate glass, pore diameter: 100 to 120 ⁇ m), pour 30 mL of the actual urine, and measure the divalent ion concentration (mEq / L) of the obtained filtrate with the above ion meter. Is measured using. The measured ion concentration is defined as the ion concentration "after contact with the absorbent A".
- the amount of change in ion concentration (mEq / L) before and after the contact with the absorbent A is calculated by subtracting the ion concentration after the contact with the absorbent A from the ion concentration before the contact with the absorbent A, and further, before and after the contact with the absorbent A.
- the rate of change (%) in the divalent ion concentration in each of the actual urine A, B and C. is calculated. All of the above measurements are performed under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60%.
- the absorbent A of the example of the present invention has the above-mentioned peculiar ion exchange ability which is not found in the conventional water-absorbent material, and can quickly absorb and temporarily retain body fluids such as urine.
- ions in the body fluid can be ion-exchanged to reform the body fluid into a body fluid that does not adversely affect the absorption performance of SAP.
- the composite absorber containing such an absorbent A polymer absorbent
- the composite absorber containing such an absorbent A can be delivered to the SAP after modifying the body fluid, so that the absorption performance of the SAP is less likely to vary, and the absorbent body. It is possible to stably demonstrate the absorption performance as.
- the total ion exchange capacity of the -COOH group and the -COONa group per mass in the dry state of the polymer absorbent is preferably 6.0 mg equivalent / g or more, and 8.0 mg equivalent / g. The above is more preferable.
- the polymer absorber preferably has an ion exchange rate of polyvalent ions (that is, divalent or higher ions) of 50% or more.
- polyvalent ions that is, divalent or higher ions
- the ion exchange rate of the multivalent ion of the polymer absorbent is 50% or more, the body fluid can be reformed more reliably, so that the variation in the absorption performance of SAP can be less likely to occur. Therefore, the composite absorber containing such a polymer absorbent can more stably exhibit the absorption performance as an absorber.
- the ion exchange rate of the polyvalent ion of the polymer absorbent is more preferably 60% or more, further preferably 70% or more.
- the ion exchange rate of the polyvalent ion of the polymer absorbent can be measured by any measuring method such as ICP emission analysis method, IC analysis method, atomic absorbance analysis method, etc., for example, divalent ion.
- the ion exchange rate of can be measured as follows.
- the amount of change in ion concentration (mEq / L) before and after contact with the polymer absorbent was calculated by subtracting the ion concentration after contact with the polymer absorbent from the ion concentration before contact with the polymer absorbent, and further, this high value was obtained.
- the rate of change in divalent ion concentration (%) is calculated by dividing the amount of change in ion concentration (mEq / L) before and after contact with the molecular absorbent by the ion concentration before contact with the polymer absorbent and multiplying by 100. .. In the present specification, this "rate of change in divalent ion concentration (%)" is referred to as "divalent ion exchange rate of the polymer absorbent". All of the above measurements are performed under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60%.
- the sample for measurement (polymer absorbent) is recovered from the product of sanitary goods and used, it can be obtained according to the following ⁇ method for recovering the sample for measurement (polymer absorbent)>.
- ⁇ Method of recovering sample (polymer absorbent) for measurement> Peel off the surface sheet or the like from the hygiene product to expose the absorber.
- the magnification of the simple loupe is not particularly limited as long as the pores of the porous body can be visually recognized, and examples thereof include a magnification of 25 to 50 times.
- (4) The measurement object thus recovered is used as a sample for measurement in various measurement methods.
- the polymer absorbent preferably has a water absorption amount of 30 g / g or more per unit mass.
- the polymer absorbent has a certain amount of water absorption or more, it can absorb a larger amount of body fluid and steadily reform it, so that the absorption performance of SAP is less likely to vary. can. Therefore, the composite absorber containing such a polymer absorbent can more stably exhibit the absorption performance as an absorber.
- the amount of water absorption per unit mass of the polymer absorbent is more preferably 40 g / g or more, and further preferably 50 g / g or more.
- the amount of water absorption per unit mass of the polymer absorbent can be measured as follows.
- ⁇ Measuring method of water absorption per unit mass of polymer absorbent> (1) Mesh bag obtained by cutting 1 g of a sample (polymer absorbent) for measurement into 10 cm squares (manufactured by NBC Meshtec Inc., N-NO255HD 115 (standard width: 115 cm, 255 mesh / 2.54 cm, opening:) Enclose in 57 ⁇ m, wire diameter: 43 ⁇ m, thickness: 75 ⁇ m)). The mass (g) of the mesh bag is measured in advance. Further, when the sample for measurement (polymer absorbent) is recovered from the product of sanitary goods and used, it can be obtained according to the above-mentioned ⁇ Method for recovering the sample for measurement (polymer absorbent)>.
- the above-mentioned absorbent A can be obtained by undergoing a cross-linking polymerization step and a hydrolysis step. Hereinafter, each of these steps will be described.
- Cross-link polymerization step First, an oil-soluble monomer for cross-linking polymerization, a cross-linking monomer, a surfactant, water, and, if necessary, a polymerization initiator are mixed to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion.
- This water-in-oil emulsion is an emulsion in which the oil phase becomes a continuous phase and water droplets are dispersed therein.
- butyl methacrylate which is a (meth) acrylic acid ester
- divinylbenzene is used as the crosslinkable monomer
- surfactant is used.
- Crosslink polymerization is carried out using sorbitan monooleate as an activator and isobutyronitrile as a polymerization initiator to obtain monolith A.
- this emulsion is immediately transferred to a reaction vessel, sealed, and polymerized at 60 ° C. for 24 hours under the static condition. After completion of the polymerization, the contents are taken out, extracted with methanol, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain Monolith A having a continuous macropore structure.
- the monolith A had an open cell structure and the thickness of the continuous skeleton was 5.4 ⁇ m.
- the average diameter of the continuous pores measured by the mercury intrusion method was 36.2 ⁇ m, and the total pore volume was 15.5 mL / g.
- the content of divinylbenzene with respect to all the monomers is preferably 0.3 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.3 to 5 mol%. Further, the ratio of divinylbenzene to the total of butyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.3 to 8 mol%. In the above-mentioned absorbent A, the ratio of butyl methacrylate to the total of butyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene is 97.0 mol%, and the ratio of divinylbenzene is 3.0 mol%.
- the amount of the surfactant added can be set according to the type of the oil-soluble monomer and the size of the desired emulsion particles (macropores), and is about 2 to 70 with respect to the total amount of the oil-soluble monomer and the surfactant. It is preferably in the range of%.
- alcohols such as methanol and stearyl alcohol
- carboxylic acids such as stearic acid
- hydrocarbons such as octane, dodecane and toluene
- cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane are used. It may coexist in the polymerization system.
- the mixing method for forming the water-in-oil emulsion is not particularly limited.
- a method of mixing each component at once, an oil-soluble monomer, a surfactant, and an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, which are oil-soluble can be adopted.
- the mixing device for forming the emulsion is not particularly limited, and any device such as a normal mixer, a homogenizer, or a high-pressure homogenizer can be adopted depending on the desired emulsion particle size, and further, the object to be treated can be used.
- a so-called planetary stirrer or the like can also be used, in which an object is placed in a mixing container and the mixture is rotated while revolving around a revolving axis in an inclined state to stir and mix the object to be processed.
- the mixing conditions are not particularly limited, and the stirring rotation speed, stirring time, etc. can be arbitrarily set according to the desired emulsion particle size.
- water droplets in the W / O emulsion can be uniformly generated, and the average diameter thereof can be arbitrarily set in a wide range.
- Various conditions can be adopted for the polymerization conditions of the water-in-oil emulsion depending on the type of monomer and initiator.
- azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, etc. they should be polymerized by heating at a temperature of 30 to 100 ° C. for 1 to 48 hours in a sealed container under an inert atmosphere.
- hydrogen peroxide-ferrous chloride, sodium persulfate-sodium acid sulfite, etc. are used as the polymerization initiator, the temperature is 0 to 30 ° C. for 1 to 48 hours in a sealed container under an inert atmosphere. It may be polymerized.
- the unreacted monomer and the residual surfactant can be removed by taking out the contents and performing Soxhlet extraction with a solvent such as isopropanol to obtain Monolith A shown in the middle figure of FIG. ..
- monolith A is immersed in dichloroethane containing zinc bromide, stirred at 40 ° C. for 24 hours, and hydrolyzed by contacting it with methanol, 4% hydrochloric acid, 4% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and water in this order. After that, it is dried to obtain a block-shaped absorbent A. Further, the block-shaped absorbent A is pulverized to a predetermined size to obtain a particulate absorbent A.
- the form of the absorbent A is not limited to particles, and may be formed into a sheet during or after drying, for example.
- the method for hydrolyzing Monolith A is not particularly limited, and various methods can be adopted.
- aromatic solvents such as toluene and xylene
- halogen solvents such as chloroform and dichloroethane
- ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and isopropyl ether
- amide solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide
- alcohol solvents such as methanol and ethanol.
- P-solvented acid such as toluenesulfonic acid or Lewis acid such as zinc bromide, aluminum chloride, aluminum bromide, titanium chloride (IV), cerium chloride / sodium iodide, magnesium iodide, etc. Be done.
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester is not particularly limited, but the (meth) acrylic acid has C1 to C10 (that is, the number of carbon atoms). Alkyl esters of 1 to 10) are preferable, and C4 (that is, 4 carbon atoms) alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid are particularly preferable.
- the C4 alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid include (meth) acrylic acid t-butyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl ester, and (meth) acrylic acid iso-butyl ester.
- the monomer used for the cross-linking polymerization may be only (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene, and in addition to (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene, other than (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene. It may contain other monomers. In the latter case, the other monomer is not particularly limited, but for example, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, vinylbenzyl chloride, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, diethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isobutene, butadiene, isobrene.
- the proportion of the monomers other than the (meth) acrylic acid ester and divinylbenzene in all the monomers used for the cross-linking polymerization is preferably 0 to 80 mol%, more preferably 0 to 50 mol%.
- the surfactant is not limited to the above-mentioned sorbitan monooleate, and may be any one that can form a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion when the cross-linking polymerization monomer and water are mixed. ..
- surfactants include sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene group nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene group stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene group sorbitan.
- Nonionic surfactants such as monooleate, anionic surfactants such as potassium oleate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, cationic surfactants such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbetaine and the like. Androgynous surfactants can be mentioned. These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerization initiator a compound that generates radicals by heat and light irradiation is preferably used.
- the polymerization initiator may be water-soluble or oil-soluble, and may be, for example, azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisdimethylvaleronitrile, azobiscyclohexanenitrile, etc.
- Azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride
- benzoyl peroxide potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide-ferrous chloride, sodium persulfate-sodium acid sulfite, tetramethylthium disulfide, etc.
- the polymerization proceeds only by heating or light irradiation without adding the polymerization initiator, so that it is not necessary to add the polymerization initiator in such a system.
- the composite absorber of the present invention includes, for example, a pants-type disposable diaper, a tape-type disposable diaper, a sanitary napkin, an absorbent liner, and an absorbent pad (for example, a decubitus pad or a decubitus pad).
- an absorbent pad for example, a decubitus pad or a decubitus pad.
- Applicable to various hygiene products such as (pads, etc.), absorbent sheets, breast milk pads, disposable diapers for pets, absorbent pads for pets, excrement disposal sheets for pets, wet sheets, wet wipes, cosmetic wipes, masks, etc. can do. Therefore, the body fluid to be absorbed by the composite absorber is a liquid discharged from the wearer of the sanitary goods, and examples thereof include urine, sweat, stool, menstrual blood, cage, breast milk, blood, and exudate. Be done.
- present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the like, and can be appropriately combined, substituted, modified, etc. within the range not deviating from the object and purpose of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
一方、吸収体の吸収対象となる尿などの体液は、食生活(例えば、摂取した飲食物の成分等)や生活環境(例えば、汗をかいたり排尿したりする頻度等)などの違いによって、体液中の塩濃度が大きく異なり、特に体液中の2価のイオン(例えば、Ca2+、Mg2+等)は、微量であってもSAPの吸収性能(特に、吸水量や保水量、吸収速度)に大きな悪影響を及ぼすものとなる。
ところが、従来の吸収体では、尿などの体液中の塩濃度を改質する機能が備わっていないため、パルプ内に一時的に保持された体液はそのままの状態でSAPへ受け渡されてしまい、体液中の塩濃度(特に、2価のイオン濃度)の影響によってSAPの吸収性能にバラつきが生じ、結果的に吸収体の吸収性能が安定的に発揮できない恐れがあった。
前記複合吸収体は、親水性の連続骨格及び連続空孔を備えた高分子吸収剤と、高吸収性ポリマーと、を含み、
前記高分子吸収剤は、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの前記-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であることを特徴とする、前記複合吸収体である。
これにより、本態様の複合吸収体は、体液が高分子吸収剤で改質された後にSAPへ受け渡されるため、SAPの吸収性能にバラつきが生じにくく、吸収体としての吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
特に、高分子吸収剤の単位体積当たりの空隙率が85%以上であり且つ連続空孔の平均直径が1μm~1000μmである場合は、より多くの細孔で体液を吸収して改質することができるため、より優れたイオン交換効率を実現することができるという利点がある。
なお、本明細書においては、特に断りのない限り、「展開状態で水平面上に置いた対象物(例えば、軽失禁パッド、複合吸収体等)を、垂直方向の上方側(対象物が衛生用品の場合は表面シート側)から対象物の厚さ方向に見ること」を、単に「平面視」という。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る複合吸収体4が適用された、展開状態の軽失禁パッド1の概略平面図である。
軽失禁パッド1は、図1に示すように、平面視にて、長手方向L及び幅方向Wを有し、且つ2つの長手方向端縁が長手方向外方側に向かって円弧状に突出してなる縦長の外形形状を有している。なお、軽失禁パッド1の外形形状はこのような態様に限定されず、縦長の形状のものであれば、各種用途や使用態様等に応じた任意の形状(例えば、長円形状、矩形状、砂時計形状など)を採用することができる。
また、軽失禁パッド1においては、裏面シート3の非肌対向面側の表面に配置され、軽失禁パッド1を着用者の下着等の着衣の内面に粘着固定する粘着部(不図示)を更に備えている。
さらに、上述の高分子吸収剤は、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であるという特有のイオン交換能を有している。
これにより、複合吸収体4は、体液を高分子吸収剤で改質した後にSAPへ受け渡すことができるため、SAPの吸収性能にバラつきが生じにくく、吸収体としての吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
上述の軽失禁パッド1において、表面シート2は、図1に示すように、平面視にて、軽失禁パッド1の長手方向Lの一方側端縁から他方側端縁にわたって延在し、且つ、軽失禁パッド1の幅方向Wの一方側端縁近傍から他方側端縁近傍にわたって延在する、縦長の外形形状を有している。かかる表面シート2は、軽失禁パッド1の厚さ方向において肌対向面側の位置に配置され、着用者の肌に当接し得る接触面、すなわち軽失禁パッド1の肌対向面側の表面を形成する、液透過性のシート状部材によって構成されている。
上述の軽失禁パッド1において裏面シート3は、平面視にて、軽失禁パッド1の長手方向Lの一方側端縁から他方側端縁にわたって延在し、且つ、軽失禁パッド1の幅方向Wの一方側端縁から他方側端縁にわたって延在する、縦長の外形形状を有している。かかる裏面シート3は、軽失禁パッド1の厚さ方向において非肌対向面側の位置に配置されて、軽失禁パッド1の非肌対向面を形成するとともに、複合吸収体4を透過してきた尿などの体液が軽失禁パッド1の外部へ漏出するのを防ぐ、液不透過性のシート状部材によって構成されている。
上述の軽失禁パッド1において複合吸収体4は、図1に示すように、平面視にて、軽失禁パッド1の長手方向L及び幅方向Wの中央部を中心にして、長手方向Lの一方側端縁近傍から他方側端縁近傍にわたる長手方向Lの広範囲の領域に延在するとともに、幅方向Wにおいても、当該幅方向Wの一方側端縁近傍から他方側端縁近傍にわたる広範囲の領域に延在しており、さらに2つの長手方向端縁が長手方向外方側に向かって円弧状に突出してなる、縦長の外形形状を有している。
なお、高吸収性ポリマー(SAP)の具体的な種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、表面に陽イオンが存在するアクリル酸系のSAPを好適に用いることができる。このような表面に陽イオンが存在するアクリル酸系のSAPは、体液中のイオンによる吸収性能(特に、吸水量や保水量、吸収速度)への悪影響を特に受けやすいが、複合吸収体4は、このようなSAPを含む場合であっても、高分子吸収剤が体液を吸収して一時的に保持する際に、体液中のイオンを-COOH基及び-COONa基によってイオン交換し、体液を改質することができるため、SAPの吸収性能にバラつきを生じにくくし、吸収体としての吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
本発明において高分子吸収剤は、親水性の連続骨格及び連続空孔を備え、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であるという特有のイオン交換能を有するものであれば特に限定されない。そのような高分子吸収剤としては、例えば、少なくとも(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを含む2個以上のモノマーの架橋重合体の加水分解物であり、官能基に少なくとも1個以上の親水基を有する高分子化合物が挙げられる。より具体的には、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルと、一分子中に2個以上のビニル基を含有する化合物の架橋重合体の加水分解物であり、少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を有する高分子化合物が挙げられる。かかる高分子吸収剤は、一分子中に少なくとも1個以上の-COONa基を有する有機多孔質体であり、さらに、-COOH基を有している。多孔質体の骨格中には、-COONa基が略均一に分布している。
なお、加水分解処理は、架橋重合体の-COOR基(すなわち、カルボン酸エステル基)を-COONa基又は-COOH基にするものであるため(図2を参照)、高分子吸収剤は-COOR基を有していてもよい。
但し、高分子吸収剤がモノリス状の吸収剤であると、体液を素早く吸収することができる上、当該高分子吸収剤に一時的に保持した体液をより着実にSAPへ受け渡すことができるため、このような高分子吸収剤を含む複合吸収体は、更に優れた吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
また、「吸収剤A」は、加水分解処理及び乾燥処理がなされた後の(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとジビニルベンゼンとの架橋重合体(モノリスA)の加水分解物である。なお、以下の説明において、吸収剤Aは乾燥状態のものをいう。
吸収剤Aは、上述のとおり親水性の連続骨格と連続空孔を有している。親水性の連続骨格を有する有機ポリマーである吸収剤Aは、図2に示すように、重合モノマーである(メタ)アクリル酸エステルと、架橋モノマーであるジビニルベンゼンとを架橋重合し、得られた架橋重合体(モノリスA)を更に加水分解することにより得られる。
さらに、親水性の連続骨格を形成する有機ポリマー中のエチレン基の重合残基(構成単位X)は、カルボン酸エステル基の加水分解により生成する-COOH基と-COONa基の両方の基を有する。なお、重合モノマーが(メタ)アクリル酸エステルである場合、エチレン基の重合残基(構成単位X)は、-COONa基、-COOH基及びエステル基を有する。
なお、親水性の連続骨格を形成する有機ポリマー中のジビニルベンゼンの架橋重合残基の割合が0.1モル%以上であると、吸収剤Aの強度が低下しにくくなり、また、このジビニルベンゼンの架橋重合残基の割合が30モル%以下であると、吸収対象液の吸収量が低下しにくくなる。
特に、後述する高分子吸収剤の単位体積当たりの空隙率が85%以上であり、且つ連続空孔の平均直径が1μm~1000μmである場合は、より多くの細孔で体液を吸収して改質することができるため、より優れたイオン交換効率を実現することができるという利点がある。
これら図3~図7に示す吸収剤Aは、メタクリル酸ブチルを重合モノマーとし、ジビニルベンゼンを架橋モノマーとする吸収剤の一例であり、それぞれ2mm角の立方体の構造を有している。
なお、このようなマクロポア同士の重なりは、1個のマクロポアで1~12個程度、多くのものは3~10個程度である。
まず、水銀圧入法によって得られた吸収剤Aの比表面積は400m2/gであり、細孔容積は15.5mL/gである。この細孔容積15.5mL/gは、1gの吸収剤Aの中にある細孔の容積が15.5mLであることを意味する。
ここで、吸収剤Aの比重を仮に1g/mLと仮定すると、1gの吸収剤Aの中で細孔が占める体積、すなわち細孔容積は15.5mLとなり、また、1gの吸収剤Aの体積は1mLとなる。
そうすると、1gの吸収剤Aの全容積(体積)は、15.5+1(mL)となり、そのうちの細孔容積の比率が空隙率となるため、吸収剤Aの空隙率は、15.5/(15.5+1)×100≒94%となる。
そして、この高分子吸収剤は、上述のとおり、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であるという特有のイオン交換能を有するものであるので、高分子吸収剤が体液を吸収して一時的に保持する際に、体液中のイオン(特に、Ca2+、Mg2+等の2価のイオン)を-COOH基及び-COONa基によってイオン交換し、体液を、高吸収性ポリマー(SAP)の吸収性能(特に、吸水量や保水量、吸収速度)に悪影響を及ぼしにくい体液に改質することができる。したがって、このような高分子吸収剤を適用した複合吸収体は、体液を高分子吸収剤で改質した後にSAPへ受け渡すことができるため、SAPの吸収性能にバラつきが生じにくくなり、吸収体としての吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
図8に示すように、SAPの吸水量、保水量及び吸収速度は、体液(尿)中の1価及び2価のイオン濃度が増大すると、いずれも低下していることがわかる。特に、2価のイオン濃度は、SAPの吸収性能への影響が大きく、微量であってもSAPの吸水量、保水量及び吸収速度が大きく低下していることがわかる。
このように体液(尿)中のイオン濃度は、SAPの吸収性能に大きな悪影響を及ぼすものとなるが、かかるイオン濃度は、食生活(例えば、摂取した飲食物の成分等)や生活環境(例えば、汗をかいたり排尿したりする頻度等)などの違いに起因して、体液ごと(すなわち、体液の種類や個体差など)にバラつきがあるため、そのバラつきに応じてSAPの吸収性能にもバラつきが生じることとなる。
しかしながら、本発明の一例である吸収剤Aは、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であるという特有のイオン交換能を有するものであるため、図9に示すように、体液(尿)中のイオン(特に、2価のイオン)を-COOH基及び-COONa基によってイオン交換して、体液(尿)中のイオン濃度を大幅に低減することができる、すなわち、体液(尿)をSAPの吸収性能に悪影響を及ぼしにくい体液に改質することができる。
まず、3つの実尿A、B及びCのそれぞれの2価のイオン濃度(mEq/L)を、イオンメーター(堀場アドバンスドテクノ社製、HORIBAコンパクトカルシウムイオンメータ LAQUAtwin-Ca-11)を用いて測定する。測定したイオン濃度を「吸収剤A接触前」のイオン濃度とする。
次に、高分子吸収剤(吸収剤A)0.2gをガラス製のろ過器(クライミングガラスろ過器、型番:0777-01-101、外径×足長(mm):φ7×80、フィルター径:φ20mm、容量:30mL、材質:硼珪酸ガラス、細孔径:100~120μm)に入れて、上記実尿30mLを注ぎ、得られる濾液の2価のイオン濃度(mEq/L)を、上記イオンメーターを用いて測定する。測定したイオン濃度を「吸収剤A接触後」のイオン濃度とする。
そして、吸収剤A接触前のイオン濃度から吸収剤A接触後のイオン濃度を差し引くことにより吸収剤A接触前後のイオン濃度変化量(mEq/L)を算出し、さらに、この吸収剤A接触前後のイオン濃度変化量(mEq/L)を吸収剤A接触前のイオン濃度で除して、100を乗ずることにより、各実尿A、B及びCにおける2価のイオン濃度の変化率(%)を算出する。
なお、以上の測定は、すべて温度25℃、湿度60%の条件下で行う。
これにより、このような吸収剤A(高分子吸収剤)を含む複合吸収体は、体液を改質した後にSAPへ受け渡すことができるため、SAPの吸収性能にバラつきが生じにくくなり、吸収体としての吸収性能を安定的に発揮することができる。
なお、高分子吸収剤の多価イオンのイオン交換率は、60%以上であることがより好ましく、70%以上であることが更に好ましい。
ここで、高分子吸収剤の多価イオンのイオン交換率は、ICP発光分析法やIC分析法、原子吸光度分析法等の任意の測定方法によって測定することができるが、例えば、2価のイオンのイオン交換率は、次のようにして測定することができる。
(1)イオン交換水10Lに、尿素200g、塩化ナトリウム80g、硫酸マグネシウム8g、塩化カルシウム3g及び色素:青色1号約1gを溶解させることにより、人工尿を調製する。
(2)調製した人工尿の2価のイオン濃度(mEq/L)を、イオンメーター(堀場アドバンスドテクノ社製、HORIBAコンパクトカルシウムイオンメータ LAQUAtwin-Ca-11)を用いて測定する。測定したイオン濃度を「高分子吸収剤接触前のイオン濃度」とする。
(3)測定用の試料である高分子吸収剤0.2gをガラス製のろ過器(クライミングガラスろ過器、型番:0777-01-101、外径×足長(mm):φ7×80、フィルター径:φ20mm、容量:30mL、材質:硼珪酸ガラス、細孔径:100~120μm)に入れて、上記人工尿30mLを注ぎ、得られるろ液の2価のイオン濃度(mEq/L)を、上記イオンメーターを用いて測定する。測定したイオン濃度を「高分子吸収剤接触後のイオン濃度」とする。
(4)高分子吸収剤接触前のイオン濃度から高分子吸収剤接触後のイオン濃度を差し引くことにより高分子吸収剤接触前後のイオン濃度変化量(mEq/L)を算出し、さらに、この高分子吸収剤接触前後のイオン濃度変化量(mEq/L)を高分子吸収剤接触前のイオン濃度で除して、100を乗ずることにより、2価のイオン濃度の変化率(%)を算出する。そして、本明細書においては、この「2価のイオン濃度の変化率(%)」を「高分子吸収剤の2価のイオン交換率」とする。
なお、以上の測定は、すべて温度25℃、湿度60%の条件下で行う。
(1)衛生用品の製品から表面シート等を剥がして、吸収体を露出させる。
(2)露出させた吸収体から測定対象物(高分子吸収剤)を落下させて、(粒子状の)測定対象物以外のもの(例えば、パルプや合成樹脂繊維等)を、ピンセット等を用いて取り除く。
(3)拡大観察手段として顕微鏡又は簡易ルーペを使用し、SAPとの違いを認識できる倍率又は多孔質体の空孔を視認できる倍率で観察しながら、ピンセット等を用いて測定対象物を回収する。なお、簡易ルーペの倍率は、多孔質体の空孔を視認できる倍率であれば特に限定されず、例えば25倍~50倍の倍率が挙げられる。
(4)このようにして回収した測定対象物を各種測定方法における測定用の試料とする。
なお、高分子吸収剤の単位質量当たりの吸水量は、40g/g以上がより好ましく、50g/g以上が更に好ましい。
ここで、高分子吸収剤の単位質量当たりの吸水量は、次のようにして測定することができる。
(1)測定用の試料(高分子吸収剤)1gを10cm四方に切断したメッシュ袋((株)NBCメッシュテック製、N-NO255HD 115(規格巾:115cm、255メッシュ/2.54cm、オープニング:57μm、線径:43μm、厚さ:75μm))に封入する。なお、メッシュ袋は、予め質量(g)を測定しておく。また、測定用の試料(高分子吸収剤)を衛生用品の製品から回収して用いる場合は、前述の<測定用の試料(高分子吸収剤)の回収方法>に従って得ることができる。
(2)試料を封入したメッシュ袋を生理食塩水(0.9%塩化ナトリウム水溶液)に1時間浸漬する。
(3)メッシュ袋を5分間吊るして水切りした後の質量(g)を測定する。
(4)上記(3)で測定した水切り後のメッシュ袋の質量から試料の質量(=1g)及びメッシュ袋の合計質量を差し引くことにより試料の吸水量(g)を算出し、さらにこの吸水量を試料の質量(=1g)で除することにより試料(高分子吸収剤)の単位質量当たりの吸水量(g/g)を得る。
なお、以上の測定方法は、すべて温度25℃、湿度60%の条件下で行う。
上述の吸収剤Aは、図2に示すように、架橋重合工程と加水分解工程を経ることにより得ることができる。以下、これらの各工程について説明する。
まず、架橋重合用の油溶性モノマーと、架橋性モノマーと、界面活性剤と、水と、必要に応じて重合開始剤とを混合し、油中水滴型エマルションを得る。この油中水滴型エマルションは、油相が連続相となって、その中に水滴が分散したエマルションである。
次に、メタクリル酸t-ブチル/ジビニルベンゼン/SMO/2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)の混合物を180gの純水に添加し、遊星式撹拌装置である真空撹拌脱泡ミキサー(イーエムイー社製)を用いて減圧下で撹拌し、油中水滴型エマルションを得る。
続いて、モノリスA(架橋重合体)を加水分解して、吸収剤Aを得る工程(加水分解工程)について説明する。
なお、(メタ)アクリル酸のC4のアルキルエステルとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸t-ブチルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸iso-ブチルエステルが挙げられる。
後者の場合、他のモノマーとしては、特に限定されないが、例えばスチレン、α―メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、ビニルベンジルクロライド、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジル、(メタ)アクリル酸2エチルヘキシル、イソブテン、ブタジエン、イソブレン、クロロプレン、塩化ビニル、臭化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、テトラフルオロエチレン、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレートなどが挙げられる。
なお、架橋重合に用いる全モノマー中の、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル及びジビニルベンゼン以外の他のモノマーの割合は、0~80モル%が好ましく、0~50モル%がより好ましい。
2 表面シート
3 裏面シート
4 複合吸収体
Claims (9)
- 体液を吸収するための複合吸収体であって、
前記複合吸収体は、親水性の連続骨格及び連続空孔を備えた高分子吸収剤と、高吸収性ポリマーと、を含み、
前記高分子吸収剤は、イオン交換基として少なくとも-COOH基及び-COONa基を含有し、且つ、乾燥状態における質量当たりの前記-COOH基及び-COONa基の総イオン交換容量が4.0mg当量/g以上であることを特徴とする、前記複合吸収体。 - 前記高分子吸収剤は、多価イオンのイオン交換率が50%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高分子吸収剤は、単位質量当たりの吸水量が30g/g以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高分子吸収剤は、前記高分子吸収剤の単位体積当たりの空隙率が85%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高分子吸収剤は、前記連続空孔の平均直径が1μm~1000μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高分子吸収剤は、モノリス状の吸収剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高分子吸収剤は、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルと、一分子中に2個以上のビニル基を含有する化合物の架橋重合体の加水分解物であることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体。
- 前記高吸収性ポリマーが、表面に陽イオンが存在するアクリル酸系の高吸収性ポリマーであることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の複合吸収体を有することを特徴とする衛生用品。
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