WO2021120545A1 - Low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5g millimeter wave wireless communication - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, comprising: a radiation patch; a first dielectric layer, which is disposed below the radiation patch; an artificial magnetic conductor unit, which is arranged below the first dielectric layer and does not overlap with the radiation patch in the horizontal projection direction; a second dielectric layer, which is located below the artificial magnetic conductor unit; a reflective floor, which is located below the second dielectric layer; a slot, which is located on the reflective floor right below the radiation patch; a third dielectric layer, which is located below the reflective floor and the slot; and a microstrip feeder, which is located below the third dielectric layer, and is a wire for an open terminal circuit, wherein the open circuit end is located right below the center of the slot, and the other end is connected to a feed port.

Description

A low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication Technical field

The present invention relates to communication antenna technology, in particular to a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication.

Background technique

In modern wireless communication systems, patch antennas are widely used. The patch antenna has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacturing, low cost, low profile, etc., and is a good choice for 5G millimeter wave package antenna (Antenna-in-package, AiP) applications.

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, 5G wireless communication systems have increasingly higher requirements for antenna performance. In order to meet the needs of miniaturization and high data rate of 5G millimeter wave wireless communication systems, many researchers have invested a lot of energy in antenna design and research and development. But at this stage, the development of patch antennas still faces many problems that need to be solved urgently. On the one hand, patch antennas face many difficulties in miniaturization, especially vertical miniaturization. The reduced profile of the patch antenna leads to a decrease in performance such as bandwidth; on the other hand, the patch antenna increases the bandwidth with a limited profile height. It also faces many difficulties.

At present, the technology to improve the bandwidth of patch antennas mainly includes four methods: including laminated patch, air cavity, U-shaped, L-shaped and E-shaped patch, and patch-loaded metamaterial antennas. However, the laminated patch technology patch antenna needs to increase the additional cross-sectional height to realize the bandwidth of the laminated structure; the air cavity patch antenna faces the problems of complex antenna structure and high process difficulty in the millimeter wave high-density integrated system; the use of L-shaped , U-shaped, E-shaped and other structures to achieve a wide frequency band, but this type of asymmetric patch structure will cause the problem of high cross polarization; modern antenna engineering uses metamaterial loads such as artificial magnetic conductors (AMC) The patch antenna can also reduce the profile and increase the bandwidth. The artificial magnetic conductor has in-phase reflection characteristics, that is, the incident wave and the reflected wave on its surface are in phase. Therefore, the distance between it and the antenna can be very close, thereby effectively reducing the wave range , Reduce the longitudinal size of the antenna. However, at this stage, low-profile antennas based on artificial magnetic conductors as antenna reflection surfaces face an insignificant increase in impedance bandwidth, requiring a large number of artificial magnetic conductor units and only using the principle of in-phase reflection characteristics of artificial magnetic conductors to reduce profile design and improve antenna performance.

In view of the existing technology for increasing the bandwidth of patch antennas, the laminated patch will increase the profile height, the air cavity patch structure is complex, the asymmetric patch structure will cause high cross polarization, and the existing artificial magnetic conductor is used as the antenna reflection surface Low-profile antennas face the problems of insignificant increase in impedance bandwidth, require a large number of artificial magnetic conductor units, and only use the principle of in-phase reflection characteristics of artificial magnetic conductors to reduce profile design and improve antenna performance. The present invention proposes a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, which at least partially overcomes the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and expands the application scenarios of the low-profile broadband patch antenna for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication.

Summary of the invention

In view of the existing technology for increasing the bandwidth of patch antennas, the laminated patch will increase the profile height, the air cavity patch structure is complex, the asymmetric patch structure will cause high cross polarization, and the existing artificial magnetic conductor is used as the antenna reflection surface The low-profile antenna faces the problems of insignificant increase in impedance bandwidth, requires a large number of artificial magnetic conductor units, and only uses the principle of in-phase reflection characteristics of artificial magnetic conductors to reduce profile design and improve antenna performance. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a A low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication includes:

Radiation patch

A first dielectric layer, the first dielectric layer is arranged under the radiation patch;

An artificial magnetic conductor unit, where the artificial magnetic conductor unit is arranged below the first dielectric layer and does not overlap with the radiation patch in a horizontal projection direction;

A second dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer is located below the artificial magnetic conductor unit;

A reflective floor, where the reflective floor is located below the second medium layer;

A slot groove, the slot groove is located on the reflective floor directly below the radiation patch;

A third dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer is located below the reflective floor and the slot groove; and

A microstrip feeder, the microstrip feeder is located below the third dielectric layer, the microstrip feeder is a wire with an open terminal, wherein the open end is located directly below the center of the slot groove, and the other end is connected to the feed port.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation patch is a rectangular radiation patch; the slot groove is a rectangular groove.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric board; the second dielectric layer is a Rogers 4350B high frequency dielectric board; and the third dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric board.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the artificial magnetic conductor unit includes a plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units to form an artificial magnetic conductor array, and there is no electrical connection between the plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units; the plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units The unit has no electrical connection with the radiation patch; the artificial magnetic conductor array is symmetrically distributed around the center of the radiation patch.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units are two pairs of 2×4, a total of 16 artificial magnetic conductor units.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip feeder feeds the radiation patch through the slot groove; the artificial magnetic conductor unit is excited by the surface wave generated by the radiation patch.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip feeder, the artificial magnetic conductor array, the slot groove on the reflective floor and the center of the radiation patch are in the same vertical position.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an antenna array based on a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, including:

N radiation patches;

A first dielectric layer located under the N radiation patches;

The N artificial magnetic conductor arrays located under the first dielectric layer, the N artificial magnetic conductor arrays do not overlap with the N radiation patches in the horizontal projection direction, and each artificial magnetic conductor array surrounds The corresponding radiating patch is distributed symmetrically at the center;

A second dielectric layer located under the N artificial magnetic conductor array;

A reflective floor and N slit grooves located under the second dielectric layer;

A third dielectric layer located under the reflective floor and the N slit grooves;

N microstrip feeders located under the third dielectric layer; and

A feeder network electrically connected to the N microstrip feeders.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the radiation patch is a rectangular radiation patch; the slit groove is a rectangular groove; the first dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; the second medium The layer is a Rogers 4350B high-frequency dielectric plate; the third dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; the radiation patch used by the antenna array, the artificial magnetic conductor array, and the reflective floor with the slot groove And the microstrip feeder is made of metal material.

In another embodiment of the present invention, N=4; the feeder network is electrically connected to the microstrip feeder through three T-shaped power dividers.

The present invention provides a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, including a reflective floor composed of metal patches, a first dielectric layer arranged above the reflective floor, and a dielectric layer provided on the first dielectric layer. The artificial magnetic conductor structure, the second dielectric layer disposed above the first dielectric layer and the artificial magnetic conductor structure, the rectangular radiation patch disposed on the second dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer disposed under the reflective floor, and the second dielectric layer disposed on the second dielectric layer. The microstrip feeder line under the three dielectric layers; the reflective floor also includes a rectangular groove, and the rectangular radiating patch is coupled to feed power through the rectangular groove on the reflective floor. Based on the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication provided by the present invention, the artificial magnetic conductor unit with a limited period of load is adopted, which can ensure the low profile of the antenna while obtaining broadband characteristics and improve the gain. Function: The antenna uses the surface wave generated by the central rectangular radiating patch to be induced to excite the finite period artificial magnetic conductor load unit and generate additional resonance to increase the bandwidth; at the same time, the antenna gain is improved due to the increase of the radiating aperture in the antenna.

Description of the drawings

In order to further clarify the above and other advantages and features of the embodiments of the present invention, a more specific description of the embodiments of the present invention will be presented with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that these drawings only depict typical embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting its scope. In the drawings, for clarity, the same or corresponding components will be denoted by the same or similar symbols.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an overall cross-sectional projection of a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows a schematic top view of a rectangular radiating patch and an artificial magnetic conductor unit of a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of the overall structure of an antenna array based on a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In the following description, the present invention will be described with reference to various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific details or with other alternative and/or additional methods, materials or components. In other cases, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail so as not to obscure aspects of the various embodiments of the present invention. Similarly, for the purpose of explanation, specific quantities, materials, and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented without specific details. In addition, it should be understood that the various embodiments shown in the drawings are illustrative representations and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

In this specification, reference to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention describe the process steps in a specific order. However, this is only for the convenience of distinguishing the steps, and does not limit the sequence of the steps. In different embodiments of the present invention, it can be based on the process To adjust the sequence of the steps.

The present invention provides a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, including a reflective floor composed of metal patches, a first dielectric layer arranged above the reflective floor, and a dielectric layer provided on the first dielectric layer. The artificial magnetic conductor structure, the second dielectric layer disposed above the first dielectric layer and the artificial magnetic conductor structure, the rectangular radiation patch disposed on the second dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer disposed under the reflective floor, and the second dielectric layer disposed on the second dielectric layer. The microstrip feeder line under the three dielectric layers; the reflective floor also includes a rectangular groove, and the rectangular radiating patch is coupled to feed power through the rectangular groove on the reflective floor. Based on the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication provided by the present invention, the artificial magnetic conductor unit with a limited period of load is adopted, which can ensure the low profile of the antenna while obtaining broadband characteristics and improve the gain. Function: The antenna uses the surface wave generated by the central rectangular radiating patch to be induced to excite the finite period artificial magnetic conductor load unit and generate additional resonance to increase the bandwidth; at the same time, the antenna gain is improved due to the increase of the radiating aperture in the antenna.

The following describes in detail a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an overall cross-sectional projection of a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention A schematic top view of the rectangular radiating patch and artificial magnetic conductor unit of the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications further includes a rectangular radiating patch 110, a first dielectric layer 120, an artificial magnetic conductor unit 130, and a second dielectric layer. 140, reflective floor 150, rectangular groove 160, third dielectric layer 170, and microstrip feeder 180.

The rectangular radiating patch 110 is arranged on the top layer of the patch antenna structure. In an embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular radiation patch 110 is a rectangular copper sheet formed by electroplating by an additive method or formed by etching by a subtractive method.

The first dielectric layer 120 is located under the rectangular radiation patch 110, and the first dielectric layer 120 may be circular or rectangular. In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first dielectric layer 120 is GHPL-970 prepreg, which is formed by pressing and curing.

The artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 is arranged under the first dielectric layer 120 and has a rectangular shape. The artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 with a finite period constitutes an artificial magnetic conductor array 135. In an embodiment of the present invention, the artificial magnetic conductor array 135 includes two pairs of 2×4 square artificial magnetic conductor units 130, a total of 16 artificial magnetic conductor units 130; the artificial magnetic conductor units 130 are uniformly arranged at the same interval periodically; There is no electrical connection between the magnetic conductor units 130, and the artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 is not electrically connected to the rectangular radiating patch 110; the artificial magnetic conductor array 135 is symmetrically arranged under the first dielectric layer 120; the artificial magnetic conductor array 135 surrounds the rectangular radiating patch The center of the sheet 110 is symmetrically distributed. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the side length of the artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 is 1.32mm×1.32mm, and the distance between two adjacent artificial magnetic conductor units 130 is 0.05mm; the innermost artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 and the first The distance of the rectangular radiation patch 110 on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 120 in the horizontal direction is 0.3 mm.

The second dielectric layer 140 is located under the artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 or the artificial magnetic conductor array 135, and the material of the second dielectric layer 140 is a Rogers 4350B high-frequency dielectric plate.

The reflective floor 150 is arranged under the second dielectric layer 140, and the reflective floor 150 serves as a reflective ground plane shared by the rectangular radiation patch 110 and the artificial magnetic conductor unit 130; the reflective floor 150 at the corresponding position under the rectangular radiation patch 110 has a rectangular shape.槽160。 160.

The third dielectric layer 170 is disposed under the reflective floor 150 and the rectangular groove 160. In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the third dielectric layer 170 is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate.

The microstrip feeder line 180 is disposed under the third dielectric layer 170. The microstrip feeder line 180 is a wire with an open terminal and is located at about a quarter of the wavelength, that is, directly under the center of the rectangular groove 160. The rectangular radiating patch 110 is coupled and fed to the upper layer by the microstrip feeder 180 through the rectangular groove 160 on the reflective floor 150; the artificial magnetic conductor unit 130 is excited by the surface wave generated by the rectangular radiating patch 110.

The following structural figure 3 introduces the antenna array based on the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication. FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of the overall structure of an antenna array based on a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure 100 applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the antenna array includes a rectangular radiating patch 110, an artificial magnetic conductor array 135, a reflective floor 150, a rectangular groove 160, a microstrip feeder 180, and a 1×4 array feeder network 190.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the antenna array uses the first dielectric layer 120 and the third dielectric layer 170 described in FIG. 1, and the material is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; the second dielectric layer described in FIG. 1 is used. The Rogers 4350B media board used by the 140.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rectangular radiating patch 110 array of the antenna array includes 1×4 rectangular radiating patch 110 units. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the side length of the rectangular radiating patch 110 unit is 1.3mm×2.4mm, and the center distance of two adjacent rectangular radiating patch 110 units is 6mm; the artificial magnetic conductor array of the antenna array 135 includes 1×4 finite period artificial magnetic conductor array 135; the rectangular groove 160 of the antenna array includes 1×4 rectangular grooves 160; the 1×4 array feed network 190 of the antenna array includes three one It is composed of two feed structures, each feed structure is composed of a T-type power divider, and the 1×4 array feed network 190 is located under the third dielectric layer 170. In an embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular radiating patch 110 used in the antenna array, the finite period artificial magnetic conductor array 135, the reflective floor 150 with the rectangular groove 160, and the microstrip feeder 180 are all made of metal materials. .

The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communications provided based on the present invention includes a reflective floor composed of metal patches, a first dielectric layer set above the reflective floor, and a first dielectric layer set on the first dielectric layer. The artificial magnetic conductor structure on the upper surface, the second dielectric layer above the first dielectric layer and the artificial magnetic conductor structure, the rectangular radiation patch provided on the second dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer provided under the reflective floor, and the The microstrip feeder under the third dielectric layer; the reflective floor also includes a rectangular groove, and the rectangular radiation patch is coupled to feed power through the rectangular groove on the reflective floor. Based on the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure for 5G millimeter wave wireless communication provided by the present invention, the artificial magnetic conductor unit with a limited period of load is adopted, which can ensure the low profile of the antenna while obtaining broadband characteristics and improve the gain. Function: The antenna uses the surface wave generated by the central rectangular radiating patch to be induced to excite the finite period artificial magnetic conductor load unit and generate additional resonance to increase the bandwidth; at the same time, the antenna gain is improved due to the increase of the radiating aperture in the antenna. Specifically, the antenna array shown in Fig. 3 has the following characteristics: 1) A patch antenna is used to load a finite-period AMC unit to achieve miniaturization of the antenna profile. The miniaturized size of the antenna unit of the present invention is 10.7mm×10.7mm×0.5mm, which is about 1λ28GHz×1λ28GHz×0.047λ28GHz (λ28GHz is the wavelength of 28GHz in free space). 2) The surface wave generated by the central rectangular radiating patch is induced to excite the artificial magnetic conductor load unit with a finite period and generate additional resonance to increase the bandwidth, which is conducive to the realization of the broadband characteristics of the antenna. The bandwidth of the antenna array can cover 25-31GHz (Greater than 20%), can be applied to 5G millimeter wave communication. 3) The use of symmetrical antenna structure and coupling feed technology to achieve low cross-polarization of the antenna, Tongming no-through hole design simplifies the structure of the antenna, and can achieve low cross-polarization performance of the antenna. 4) The finite period artificial magnetic conductor unit of the load is used to increase the radiation aperture and realize the high gain characteristics of the antenna.

Although the various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented only as examples and not as limitations. It is obvious to those skilled in the related art that various combinations, modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by the exemplary embodiments disclosed above, but should be defined only in accordance with the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, including:

   Radiation patch

   A first dielectric layer, the first dielectric layer is arranged under the radiation patch;

   An artificial magnetic conductor unit, where the artificial magnetic conductor unit is arranged below the first dielectric layer and does not overlap with the radiation patch in a horizontal projection direction;

   A second dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer is located below the artificial magnetic conductor unit;

   A reflective floor, where the reflective floor is located below the second medium layer;

   A slot groove, the slot groove is located on the reflective floor directly below the radiation patch;

   A third dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer is located below the reflective floor and the slot groove; and

   A microstrip feeder, the microstrip feeder is located below the third dielectric layer, the microstrip feeder is a wire with an open terminal, wherein the open end is located directly below the center of the slot groove, and the other end is connected to the feed port.
2. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to claim 1, wherein the radiation patch is a rectangular radiation patch; and the slot groove is a rectangular groove.
3. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; and the second dielectric layer is a Rogers 4350B high Frequency dielectric board; the third dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric board.
4. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to claim 1, wherein the artificial magnetic conductor unit includes a plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units to form an artificial magnetic conductor array, and the multiple There is no electrical connection between the two artificial magnetic conductor units; the multiple artificial magnetic conductor units are not electrically connected to the radiation patch; the artificial magnetic conductor array is symmetrically distributed around the center of the radiation patch.
5. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of artificial magnetic conductor units are two pairs of 2×4, a total of 16 artificial magnetic conductor units .
6. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein the microstrip feeder feeds the radiation patch through the slot groove; the The artificial magnetic conductor unit is excited by the surface wave generated by the radiation patch.
7. The low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter-wave wireless communications according to claim 4, wherein the microstrip feeder, the artificial magnetic conductor array, and the slot recess on the reflective floor The groove and the center of the radiation patch are in the same vertical position.
8. An antenna array based on a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication, including:

   N radiation patches;

   A first dielectric layer located under the N radiation patches;

   The N artificial magnetic conductor arrays located under the first dielectric layer, the N artificial magnetic conductor arrays do not overlap with the N radiation patches in the horizontal projection direction, and each artificial magnetic conductor array surrounds The corresponding radiating patch is distributed symmetrically at the center;

   A second dielectric layer located under the N artificial magnetic conductor array;

   A reflective floor and N slit grooves located under the second dielectric layer;

   A third dielectric layer located under the reflective floor and the N slit grooves;

   N microstrip feeders located under the third dielectric layer; and

   A feeder network electrically connected to the N microstrip feeders.
9. The antenna array based on a low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communications according to claim 8, wherein the radiation patch is a rectangular radiation patch; and the slot groove is a rectangular recess. Groove; the first dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; the second dielectric layer is a Rogers4350B high-frequency dielectric plate; the third dielectric layer is a GHPL-970 prepreg dielectric plate; the radiation used by the antenna array The patch, the artificial magnetic conductor array, the reflective floor with the slot groove, and the microstrip feeder are all metallic materials.
10. The antenna array based on the low-profile broadband patch antenna structure applied to 5G millimeter wave wireless communication according to claim 9, wherein N=4; the feed network is electrically connected by three T-type power dividers To the microstrip feeder.

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