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WO2021000087A1 - 振动电机 - Google Patents

振动电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000087A1
WO2021000087A1 PCT/CN2019/093983 CN2019093983W WO2021000087A1 WO 2021000087 A1 WO2021000087 A1 WO 2021000087A1 CN 2019093983 W CN2019093983 W CN 2019093983W WO 2021000087 A1 WO2021000087 A1 WO 2021000087A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
magnetic
group
magnetic steel
coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093983
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛路斌
张子洁
陈召宪
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093983 priority Critical patent/WO2021000087A1/zh
Priority to CN201921033473.6U priority patent/CN210167935U/zh
Publication of WO2021000087A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000087A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/12—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moving in alternate directions by alternate energisation of two coil systems

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of vibration motors, and in particular to a vibration motor.
  • a vibration motor is a component that uses the principle of electromagnetic force to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
  • the vibration motor is usually installed in a portable mobile device to generate vibration feedback, such as the vibration of a mobile phone or a game console.
  • the vibration motor usually only provides the driving force through the Lorentz force generated by the interaction between the coil and the magnetic field of the magnet to drive the vibrator to reciprocate.
  • the driving force of the above-mentioned vibration motor is relatively small, so the response time of vibration is relatively long long.
  • the vibration motor usually only provides the driving force through the Lorentz force generated by the interaction between the coil and the magnetic field of the magnet to drive the vibrator to reciprocate.
  • the driving force of the above-mentioned vibration motor is relatively small, so the response time of vibration is relatively long. long.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a vibrating motor with a large driving force when the vibrator vibrates and a fast response speed.
  • the present application provides a vibration motor, including a housing with an accommodation space and a vibrator and a stator accommodated in the accommodation space.
  • the vibrator includes a magnetic circuit structure for vibration
  • the stator includes a structure for driving the magnetic circuit A vibrating coil.
  • the magnetic circuit structure includes a first magnetic steel group arranged on one side of the coil along a first direction, a second magnetic steel group arranged on the other side of the coil along a first direction, and The third magnetic steel group arranged on one side of the coil and the fourth magnetic steel group arranged on the other side of the coil along the second direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the winding plane of the coil , The second direction is perpendicular to the winding plane of the coil, the first magnetic steel group and the second magnetic steel group are arranged symmetrically, and the third magnetic steel group is symmetrical to the fourth magnetic steel group
  • the first magnet group and the second magnet group both include a plurality of main magnets arranged in a row.
  • the main magnets are magnetized along the second direction, and the two adjacent main magnets
  • the magnetizing direction is opposite, the magnetizing direction of the main magnets in the first magnet group and the second magnet group are the same;
  • the third magnet group and the fourth magnet group include secondary magnets
  • the secondary magnet is magnetized along the first direction, and the magnetizing directions of the opposite secondary magnets in the third magnet group and the fourth magnet group are opposite.
  • the magnetic circuit structure further includes a magnetic conductive frame fixedly connected to the main magnetic steel, and the magnetic conductive frame includes a first magnetic conductive plate attached to the first magnetic steel group and attached to the main magnetic steel.
  • the second magnetic conductive plate of the second magnetic steel group, the first magnetic conductive plate is arranged on a side of the first magnetic steel group away from the second magnetic steel group, and the second magnetic conductive plate is arranged on The second magnetic steel group is away from one side of the first magnetic steel group.
  • the vibrator further includes a counterweight, the magnetic circuit structure is assembled in the counterweight, the counterweight is suspended in the containing space, and the counterweight includes two parallel and spaced apart And two short side walls arranged at both ends of the long side wall and connected to the two long side walls, the long side wall and the short side wall are connected end to end to form a receiving cavity, The magnetic conductive frame and the coil are accommodated in the containing cavity.
  • the first magnetic conductive plate is sandwiched between the first magnetic steel group and one of the long side walls
  • the second magnetic conductive frame is sandwiched between the second magnetic steel group and the other Between the long side walls.
  • the third magnetic steel and the fourth magnetic steel group are respectively fixed on the two short side walls.
  • both ends of the short side wall along the height direction of the housing are recessed and formed with clamping slots
  • the vibration motor further includes a limit block provided corresponding to the clamping slot, the limit block and the The housing is fixedly connected, and the card slot cooperates with the limiting block to limit the displacement of the vibrator.
  • the first magnet group includes a first main magnet and a second main magnet arranged at intervals, and the magnetizing direction of the first main magnet is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the second main magnet ;
  • the second magnet group includes a third main magnet and a fourth main magnet spaced apart, the magnetizing direction of the third main magnet is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the fourth main magnet;
  • the magnetizing direction of the first main magnet is the same as the magnetizing direction of the third main magnet, and the magnetizing direction of the second main magnet is the same as the magnetizing direction of the fourth main magnet.
  • the third magnet group includes a first auxiliary magnet
  • the fourth magnet group includes a second auxiliary magnet
  • the stator further includes a soft magnet fixedly connected to the coil, the coil is sleeved on the soft magnet, and the coil is fixedly connected to the housing.
  • the magnetic circuit structure of the vibration motor of the present application includes a soft magnet and a coil sleeved on the soft magnet, and a magnetic frame and a magnet are arranged on the circumference of the coil.
  • the second direction is magnetized, and the auxiliary magnet is magnetized along the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular, so that the vibrator can be respectively obtained in the first direction and the second direction
  • an electromagnetic force is generated, which is superimposed with the Lorentz force of the magnet to generate a driving force to drive the counterweight to vibrate, which increases the driving force and makes the response speed Faster, better vibration effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibration motor provided by this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the vibration motor shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker shown in Figure 1 along the line III-III;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the vibration motor described in FIG. 1 without a top wall;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit structure shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a normalized magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram of the magnetic circuit structure shown in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a vibration frequency domain analysis diagram of the vibration motor provided by this application.
  • the present application provides a vibration motor 100.
  • the vibration motor 100 includes a housing 1, a stator 2, a vibrator 3, and an elastic member 4.
  • the housing 1 includes a top wall 11, a bottom wall 13 opposite to the top wall 11, and a side wall 15 connecting the top wall 11 and the bottom wall 13.
  • the top wall 11, the bottom wall 13 and the side wall 15 cooperate to enclose a receiving space, and the vibrator 3, the stator 2 and the elastic member 4 are received in the receiving space.
  • the side wall 15 includes two long sides 151 arranged in parallel and spaced apart and two short sides 153 arranged at both ends of the long side 151 and connecting the two long sides 151.
  • the long side 151 and the short side The 153 can be formed in one piece, or it can be split-type design and fixed connection.
  • the top wall 11 and the side wall 15 are integrally formed, and the bottom wall 13 is directly covered on the side wall 15, which can facilitate the assembly of the vibration motor 100.
  • the side wall 15 may also be integrally formed with the bottom wall 13.
  • the stator 2 is fixed to the housing 1. Specifically, the stator 2 is fixed to the bottom wall 13.
  • the stator 2 includes a coil 21 and a soft magnet 22.
  • the central axis of the coil 21 is connected to the The extension directions of the short sides 153 are parallel.
  • the soft magnet 22 is made of iron-silicon alloy and has a columnar structure.
  • the coil 21 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the soft magnet 22. During installation, the coil 21 is inserted from one end of the soft magnet 22 to facilitate assembly and disassembly.
  • the coil 21 After the coil 21 is energized, the coil 21 and the soft magnetic body 22 cooperate to form an electromagnet.
  • the coil 21 generates a magnetic field to magnetize the soft magnetic body 22.
  • the magnetic fields of the coils 21 are superimposed on each other, so that the magnetic properties of the coils 21 are greatly increased.
  • the number of the stators 2 may be multiple, and the multiple stators 2 are arranged in a row along the long side 151, and the current directions of the coils 21 in the two adjacent stators 2 are opposite, the generated magnetic field The direction is also the opposite.
  • the magnetic fields generated by the coils 21 in the two or more stators 2 act on the vibrator 3 at the same time, which can increase the driving force and improve the vibration effect of the vibrator 3.
  • the vibrator 3 vibrates in a first direction and/or a second direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to the winding plane of the coil 21, that is, the direction shown by the X axis in FIG. 1 is the first direction.
  • Direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the winding plane of the coil 21, that is, the direction shown by the Y axis in FIG. 1 is the second direction.
  • the winding plane of the coil 21 is a plane corresponding to one turn of the coil 21.
  • the vibrator 3 includes a counterweight 31 and a magnetic circuit structure 33 assembled with the counterweight 31, and the counterweight 31 is suspended in the receiving space.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 is driven by the magnetic field of the coil 21 to generate vibration, and the counterweight 31 is used to enhance the vibration effect of the magnetic circuit structure 33.
  • the weight 31 includes two long side walls 311 arranged in parallel and spaced apart and two short side walls 313 arranged at both ends of the long side wall 311 and connecting the two long side walls 311.
  • the long side The wall 311 and the short side wall 313 are connected end to end to form a receiving cavity 315, and the stator 2 and the magnetic circuit structure 33 are both received in the receiving cavity 315.
  • the extending direction of the long side wall 311 is consistent with the extending direction of the long side 151
  • the extending direction of the short side wall 313 is consistent with the extending direction of the short side 153.
  • the long side wall 311 is spaced from the long side 151
  • the short side wall 313 is spaced from the short side 153.
  • the short side wall 313 is recessed at both ends of the height direction of the housing 1 to form a locking groove 3130, and the two locking grooves 3130 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the short side wall 313.
  • the slot 3130 communicates with the receiving space, and the slot 3130 is disposed on the side of the short side wall 313 away from the receiving cavity 315.
  • the vibration motor 100 further includes a limit block 5 corresponding to the card slot 3130, and the limit block 5 is fixedly connected to the housing 1.
  • the slot 3130 cooperates with the limiting block 5 to limit the displacement of the vibrator 3 and avoid excessive vibration of the vibrator 3.
  • the number of the limiting blocks 5 is four, and the two limiting blocks 5 corresponding to the two grooves 3130 at the top of the short side wall 313 are fixedly connected to the top wall 11, and Two stop blocks 5 corresponding to the two grooves 3130 at the bottom end of the short side wall 313 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall 13.
  • the depth of the slot 3130 along the X-axis direction is the amount of vibration of the vibrator 3 in the first direction.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 includes a magnetic conductive frame 331 accommodated in the accommodating cavity 315, a first magnetic steel group 333 arranged on one side of the coil 21 along a first direction, and a first magnetic steel group 333 arranged on the coil along a first direction.
  • the second magnetic steel group 335 on the other side, the third magnetic steel group 337 arranged on one side of the coil 21 along the second direction, and the fourth magnetic steel group arranged on the other side of the coil 21 along the second direction 339.
  • the first magnetic steel group 333 and the second magnetic steel group 335 are arranged symmetrically, and the third magnetic induction group 337 and the fourth magnetic induction group 339 are arranged symmetrically.
  • the magnetic conductive frame 331 includes a first magnetic conductive plate 3311 attached to the first magnetic steel group 333 and a second magnetic conductive plate 3312 attached to the second magnetic steel group 335.
  • the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is arranged on the side of the first magnetic steel group 333 away from the second magnetic steel group 335
  • the second magnetic conductive plate 3312 is arranged on the second magnetic steel group 335 away from One side of the first magnetic steel group 333.
  • the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is sandwiched between the first magnetic steel group 333 and one of the long side walls 311, and the second magnetic conductive plate 3312 is sandwiched between the second magnetic steel group 335 and Between the other long side wall 311.
  • the magnetically permeable frame 331 may also have a rectangular frame-like structure, and it may also include a third magnetically permeable frame fixed to one end of the first magnetically permeable plate 3311 and connected to the second magnetically permeable plate 3312. Plate, fixed to the other end of the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 and connected to the fourth magnetic conductive plate of the second magnetic conductive plate 3312, the first magnetic conductive plate 3311, the third magnetic conductive plate, the The second magnetic conductive plate 3312 and the fourth magnetic conductive plate are connected end to end in sequence.
  • the first magnet group 333 and the second magnet group 335 both include main magnets arranged in multiple rows, and the main magnets are magnetized along the second direction, and are adjacent to each other.
  • the magnetizing directions of the main magnets are opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the main magnets corresponding to the positions in the first magnet group 333 and the second magnet group 335 are the same.
  • the third magnet group 337 and the fourth magnet group 339 include auxiliary magnets, and the auxiliary magnets are magnetized along the first direction.
  • the first magnet group 333 includes a first magnet 3331 and a second magnet 3332; the second magnet group 335 includes a third magnet 3351 and The fourth magnet 3352, wherein the magnetizing direction of the first magnet 3331 is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the second magnet 3332, and the magnetizing direction of the first magnet 3331 is the same as the magnetizing direction of the third and third magnets.
  • the magnetizing direction of the magnet 3351 is the same; the magnetizing direction of the fourth magnet 3352 is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the third magnet 3352.
  • the third magnet group 337 includes a first sub-magnet 3371; the fourth magnet group 339 includes a second sub-magnet 3391.
  • the magnetizing direction of the first sub-magnet 3371 is the same as that of the second sub-magnet.
  • the magnetizing direction of the magnet is opposite.
  • the side of the first main magnet 3331 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole;
  • the side of the second main magnet 3332 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole;
  • the side of the third main magnet 3351 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole.
  • the side of the fourth main magnet 3352 close to the second magnetic conductive frame 3312 is an S pole, and the side far away from the second magnetic conductive frame 3312 is an N pole.
  • the side of the first secondary magnet 3371 away from the coil 21 is an S pole, and the side close to the coil 21 is an N pole;
  • the side of the second secondary magnet 3391 away from the coil 21 is an S pole, and the side close to the coil 21 is an N pole.
  • the coil 21 cooperates with the soft magnet 22 to form an electromagnet, which generates an electromagnetic force after being energized.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 generates a Lorentz force.
  • the superposition of the electromagnetic force and the Lorentz force pushes the vibrator 3 in
  • the vibration in the accommodating space is transmitted to the housing 1 through the elastic member 4 to drive the housing 1 to vibrate, and then the vibration motor 100 outputs a vibration sensation to the outside.
  • the vibration motor 100 outputs a vibration sensation to the outside.
  • the magnetically permeable frame 331 is made of permeable material, which plays a role of permeable magnetism, which can avoid the dispersion of magnetic lines of induction, strengthen the Lorentz force, and increase the vibration force.
  • the size increases the vibration effect of the vibration motor 100.
  • the elastic member 4 and the counterweight 31 and/or the connection place of the housing 1 are preferably provided with reinforcing welding tabs, which can not only enhance the bonding force of the elastic member 4, but also prevent the elastic member 4 from excessive bending Fold and break.
  • Figure 7 is a vibration frequency domain analysis diagram of the vibration motor provided by this application, where curve I is the vibration volume curve diagram of the vibration motor in the first direction, and curve II is the vibration motor
  • the graph of the amount of vibration in the second direction can be seen from FIG. 7 that after the coil 21 is energized, the vibrator 3 can vibrate in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction at the same time, that is, the vibrator 3
  • the vibration direction is the combined direction of the X-axis direction vibration and the Y-axis direction vibration.
  • the vibrator 3 vibrates obliquely with respect to the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction; further, the coil 21 current
  • the vibrator 3 vibrates obliquely toward the X axis;
  • the current frequency of the coil 21 is equal to 150 Hz, the angle between the vibration direction of the vibrator 3 and the X axis direction/Y axis direction is 45°
  • the vibration of the vibrator 3 is at a relatively low level; when the current frequency of the coil 21 is greater than 150 Hz, the vibrator 3 vibrates in a direction close to the Y axis.
  • the vibration in the X-axis direction can be effectively excited under the frequency condition of 104 Hz
  • the vibration in the Y-axis direction can be effectively excited under the frequency condition of 181 Hz. Therefore, the vibration motor 100 provided in the present application can be operated at 104 Hz and 181 Hz, respectively. Get two kinds of shock.
  • the magnetic circuit structure of the vibration motor of the present application includes a soft magnet and a coil sleeved on the soft magnet, and a magnetic frame and a magnet are arranged on the circumference of the coil.
  • the second direction is magnetized, and the auxiliary magnet is magnetized along the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular, so that the vibrator can be respectively obtained in the first direction and the second direction
  • an electromagnetic force is generated, which is superimposed with the Lorentz force of the magnet to generate a driving force to drive the counterweight to vibrate, which increases the driving force and makes the response speed Faster, better vibration effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

一种振动电机，包括磁路结构（33）和线圈（21），磁路结构（33）包括沿第一方向设置于线圈（21）一侧的第一磁钢组（333）、沿第一方向设置于线圈（21）另一侧的第二磁钢组（335）、沿第二方向设置于线圈（21）一侧的第三磁钢组（337）及沿第二方向设置于线圈（21）另一侧的第四磁钢组（339），第一方向与线圈（21）的绕线平面平行，第二方向与线圈（21）的绕线平面垂直，第一磁钢组（333）和第二磁钢组（335）均包括排列设置的主磁钢，主磁钢沿第二方向充磁，相邻两个主磁钢的充磁方向相反，第一磁钢组（333）与第二磁钢组（335）中位置相对的主磁钢充磁方向相同；第三磁钢组（337）和第四磁钢组（339）包括副磁钢，副磁钢沿第一方向充磁，第三磁钢组（337）和第四磁钢组（339）中位置相对的副磁钢充磁方向相反。该振动电机响应速度快，振动效果更佳。

Description

振动电机 技术领域
本申请涉及振动电机领域，尤其涉及一种振动电机。
 背景技术
振动电机是一种利用电磁力的产生原理将电能转换为机械能的部件，振动电机通常安装在便携式移动设备内，以产生振动反馈，如手机的振动或者游戏机的振动反馈等。
相关技术中，振动电机通常仅通过线圈与磁钢的磁场相互作用产生的洛伦兹力提供驱动力，以驱动振子往复振动，但上述振动电机的驱动力较小，因此导致振动的响应时间较长。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的振动电机以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
相关技术中，振动电机通常仅通过线圈与磁钢的磁场相互作用产生的洛伦兹力提供驱动力，以驱动振子往复振动，但上述振动电机的驱动力较小，因此导致振动的响应时间较长。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的在于提供一种振子振动时的驱动力大，响应速度快的振动电机。
本申请提供一种振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体及收容于所述收容空间内的振子和定子，所述振子包括用于振动的磁路结构，所述定子包括驱动所述磁路结构振动的线圈，所述磁路结构包括沿第一方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第一磁钢组、沿第一方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第二磁钢组、沿第二方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第三磁钢组及沿第二方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第四磁钢组，其中，所述第一方向与所述线圈的绕线平面平行，所述第二方向与所述线圈的绕线平面垂直，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组对称设置，所述第三磁钢组与所述第四磁钢组对称设置，所述第一磁钢组和所述第二磁钢组均包括多个排列设置的主磁钢，所述主磁钢沿所述第二方向充磁，相邻两个主磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组中位置相对的主磁钢充磁方向相同；所述第三磁钢组和所述第四磁钢组包括副磁钢，所述副磁钢沿所述第一方向充磁，所述第三磁钢组和所述第四磁钢组中位置相对的副磁钢充磁方向相反。
优选的，所述磁路结构还包括与所述主磁钢固定连接的导磁框，所述导磁框包括贴附于所述第一磁钢组的第一导磁板和贴附于所述第二磁钢组的第二导磁板，所述第一导磁板设置于所述第一磁钢组远离所述第二磁钢组的一侧，所述第二导磁板设置于所述第二磁钢组远离所述第一磁钢组的一侧。
优选的，所述振子还包括配重块，所述磁路结构组装于所述配重块内，所述配重块悬置于所述收容空间内，所述配重块包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁及设置于所述长侧壁的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁的两个短侧壁，所述长侧壁和所述短侧壁首尾相接围成收容腔，所述导磁框和所述线圈收容于所述收容腔内。
优选的，所述第一导磁板夹设于所述第一磁钢组和一个所述长侧壁之间，所述第二导磁框夹设于所述第二磁钢组和另一个所述长侧壁之间。
优选的，所述第三磁钢和所述第四磁钢组分别固定于两个所述短侧壁上。
优选的，所述短侧壁沿所述壳体高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽，所述振动电机还包括与所述卡槽对应设置的限位块，所述限位块与所述壳体固定连接，所述卡槽与所述限位块配合用于限制所述振子的位移量。
优选的，所述第一磁钢组包括间隔设置的第一主磁钢和第二主磁钢，所述第一主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第二主磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第二磁钢组包括间隔设置的第三主磁钢和第四主磁钢，所述第三主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四主磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第一主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第三主磁钢的充磁方向相同，所述第二主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四主磁钢的充磁方向相同。
优选的，所述第三磁钢组包括第一副磁钢，所述第四磁钢组包括第二副磁钢，所述第一副磁钢和所述第二副磁钢的充磁方向相反。
优选的，所述定子还包括与所述线圈固定连接的软磁体，所述线圈套设于所述软磁体上，且所述线圈与所述壳体固定连接。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本申请的振动电机的磁路结构包括软磁体和套设于所述软磁体的线圈，并在所述线圈周侧设置导磁框和磁钢，所述主磁钢沿所述第二方向充磁，所述副磁钢沿所述第一方向充磁，所述第一方向和所述第二方向垂直，使得所述振子可以分别获得在第一方向和第二方向的振动，获得更优的使用体验，定子通电后产生电磁力，与所述磁钢的洛伦兹力相叠加，产生驱动力驱动所述配重块振动，增加了驱动力大小，使响应速度快，振动效果更佳。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本申请提供的振动电机的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的振动电机的分解结构示意图；
图3为图1所示的扬声器的沿III-III线的剖视图；
图4为图1所述振动电机无顶壁的正视图；
图5图4所示的磁路结构的示意图；
图6为图5所示的磁路结构的归一化磁感应强度分布图；
图7为本申请提供的振动电机的振动频域分析图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
请结合参阅图1-3，本申请提供一种振动电机100，所述振动电机100包括壳体1、定子2、振子3及弹性件4。
所述壳体1包括顶壁11、与所述顶壁11相对设置的底壁13及连接所述顶壁11和底壁13的侧壁15，所述顶壁11、底壁13及侧壁15配合围成收容空间，所述振子3、定子2及弹性件4收容于所述收容空间内。
所述侧壁15包括两平行间隔设置的长边151以及设于所述长边151两端并连接两个所述长边151的两个短边153，所述长边151和所述短边153可以采用一体成型，也可以采用分体式设计并固定连接。
在本实施方式中，所述顶壁11与所述侧壁15一体成型，所述底壁13直接盖设于所述侧壁15上，可以方便所述振动电机100的装配，在其他实施方式中，所述侧壁15还可以与所述底壁13一体成型。
所述定子2固定于所述壳体1，具体的，所述定子2固定于所述底壁13上，所述定子2包括线圈21及软磁体22，所述线圈21的中轴线与所述短边153的延伸方向平行。
所述软磁体22由铁硅合金制成，其形状为柱状结构，所述线圈21套设于所述软磁体22的外圆周。安装时，所述线圈21从所述软磁体22的一端套入，方便装配和拆卸。
所述线圈21通电后，所述线圈21和所述软磁体22配合形成电磁铁，所述线圈21产生磁场，将所述软磁体22进行磁化，所述软磁体22磁化后产生的磁场与所述线圈21磁场相互叠加，使得所述线圈21的磁性大大增加。
进一步的，所述定子2的数量可以为多个，多个所述定子2沿所述长边151方向相互排列设置，且相邻两个定子2中线圈21的电流方向相反，所产生的磁场方向也相反。两个多个所述定子2中线圈21产生的磁场同时作用与所述振子3，可以增加驱动力大小，改善所述振子3的振动效果。
所述振子3沿第一方向和/或第二方向振动，其中，所述第一方向与所述线圈21的绕线平面平行，即图1中X轴所示的方向即为所述第一方向；所述第二方向与所述线圈21的绕线平面垂直，即图1中Y轴所示的方向即为所述第二方向。需要说明的是，所述线圈21的绕线平面为所述线圈21绕一圈线所对应的平面。所述振子3包括配重块31及组配于所述配重块31的磁路结构33，所述配重块31悬至于所述收容空间内。
所述磁路结构33在所述线圈21磁场的驱动下，产生振动，所述配重块31用于加强所述磁路结构33的振动效果。所述配重块31包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁311及设置于所述长侧壁311的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁311的两个短侧壁313，所述长侧壁311和所述短侧壁313首尾相接围成收容腔315，所述定子2及所述磁路结构33均收容于所述收容腔315内。所述长侧壁311的延伸方向与所述长边151的延伸方向一致，所述短侧壁313的延伸方向与所述短边153的延伸方向一致。进一步的，所述长侧壁311与所述长边151间隔设置，所述短侧壁313与所述短边153间隔设置。
所述短侧壁313沿所述壳体1高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽3130，两个所述卡槽3130对称设置于所述短侧壁313两端。所述卡槽3130与所述收容空间连通，且所述卡槽3130设置于所述短侧壁313远离按所述收容腔315的一侧。
所述振动电机100还包括与所述卡槽3130对应设置的限位块5，所述限位块5与所述壳体1固定连接。所述卡槽3130与所述限位块5配合用于限制所述振子3的位移量，避免所述振子3的过度振动。进一步的，所述限位块5的数量为四个，其中与位于所述短侧壁313顶端的两个卡槽3130相对应的两个限位块5与所述顶壁11固定连接，与位于所述短侧壁313底端的两个卡槽3130相对应的两个限位块5与所述底壁13固定连接。
可以理解的是，所述卡槽3130沿X轴方向的深度即为所述振子3在第一方向上的的振动量。
所述磁路结构33包括收容于所述容纳腔315内的导磁框331、沿第一方向设置于所述线圈21一侧的第一磁钢组333、沿第一方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第二磁钢组335、沿第二方向设置于所述线圈21一侧的第三磁钢组337及沿第二方向设置于所述线圈21另一侧的第四磁钢组339。所述第一磁钢组333和所述第二磁钢组335对称设置，所述第三磁感组337和所述第四磁感组339对称设置。
请参阅图4，所述导磁框331包括贴附于所述第一磁钢组333的第一导磁板3311及贴附于所述第二磁钢组335的第二导磁板3312，所述第一导磁板3311设置于所述第一磁钢组333远离所述第二磁钢组335的一侧，所述第二导磁板3312设置于所述第二磁钢组335远离所述第一磁钢组333的一侧。
所述第一导磁板3311夹设于所述第一磁钢组333和一个所述长侧壁311之间，所述第二导磁板3312夹设于所述第二磁钢组335和另一个所述长侧壁311之间。
在其他实施方式中，所述导磁框331还可以为矩形框状结构，其还可以包括固定于所述第一导磁板3311一端并连接所述第二导磁板3312的第三导磁板，固定于所述第一导磁板3311另一端并连接所述第二导磁板3312的第四导磁板，所述第一导磁板3311、所述第三导磁板、所述第二导磁板3312及所述第四导磁板依次首尾相接。
请参阅图4，所述第一磁钢组333和所述第二磁钢组335均包括多排列设置的主磁钢，所述主磁钢沿所述第二方向充磁，且相邻两个所述主磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组333和第二磁钢组335中位置相对应的主磁钢充磁方向相同。
所述第三磁钢组337和所述第四磁钢组339包括副磁钢，所述副磁钢沿所述第一方向充磁，所述第三磁钢组337和所述第四磁钢组339中位置相对的副磁钢充磁方向相反。
请参阅图5，具体的，在本实施方式中，所述第一磁钢组333包括第一磁钢3331和第二磁钢3332；所述第二磁钢组335包括第三磁钢3351和第四磁钢3352，其中，所述第一磁钢3331的充磁方向与所述第二磁钢3332的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢3331的充磁方向与所述和第三磁钢3351的充磁方向相同；所述第四磁钢3352的充磁方向与所述第三磁钢3352的充磁方向相反。
所述第三磁钢组337包括第一副磁钢3371；所述第四磁钢组339包括第二副磁钢3391，所述第一副磁钢3371的充磁方向与所述第二副磁钢的充磁方向相反。
为更清楚的说明本申请的内容，将各个磁钢的充磁方向定义如下：
所述第一主磁钢3331靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极；
所述第二主磁钢3332靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极；
所述第三主磁钢3351靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极。
所述第四主磁钢3352靠近所述第二导磁框3312的一侧为S极，远离所述第二导磁框3312的一侧为N极。
所述第一副磁钢3371远离所述线圈21的一侧为S极，靠近所述线圈21的一侧为N极；
所述第二副磁钢3391远离所述线圈21的一侧为S极，靠近所述线圈21的一侧为N极。
所述线圈21与所述软磁体22配合形成电磁体，通电后产生电磁力，所述磁路结构33产生洛伦兹力，通过电磁力与洛伦兹力的叠加，推动所述振子3在所述收容空间内振动，并通过所述弹性件4传导至所述壳体1，带动所述壳体1振动，进而由所述振动电机100对外输出振感。通过调节所述线圈21中电流的方向，可以改变所述线圈21磁场的方向，从而改变所述振子3的振动方向。
请参阅图6，所述导磁板框331由导磁材料制成，起到导磁作用，可以避免磁感线的外散，加强了洛伦兹力的大小，进而加大了振动力的大小，增加了所述振动电机100的振动效果。
所述弹性件4一端固定于所述配重块31，另一端固定于所述壳体1，用于将所述振子3悬置于所述收容空间内。所述弹性件4与所述配重块31和/或所述壳体1连接处优选设置加强焊片，不但可以增强所述弹性件4的结合力，还可以防止所述弹性件4过度弯折而断裂。
请参阅图7，图7为本申请提供的振动电机的振动频域分析图，其中曲线I为所述振动电机在所述第一方向上的振动量曲线图，曲线II为所述振动电机在所述第二方向上的振动量曲线图，从图7中可以看出，所述线圈21通电后，所述振子3可以同时在X轴方向和Y轴方向发生振动，即所述振子3的振动方向为X轴方向振动和Y轴方向振动的合方向上，简而言之，所述振子3相对于所述X轴方向或所述Y轴方向倾斜振动；进一步的，所述线圈21电流频率小于150Hz时，所述振子3朝靠近所述X轴方向倾斜振动；所述线圈21电流频率等于150Hz时，所述振子3的振动方向与X轴方向/Y轴方向的夹角为45°，此时所述振子3的振动量处于较低水平；所述线圈21电流频率大于150Hz时，所述振子3朝靠近所述Y轴方向振动。进一步的，在104Hz的频率条件下能够有效激发X轴方向的振动，在181 Hz的频率条件下能够有效激发Y轴方向的振动，因此，本申请提供的振动电机100在104Hz和181 Hz可以分别获得两种震感。
与相关技术相比，本申请的振动电机的磁路结构包括软磁体和套设于所述软磁体的线圈，并在所述线圈周侧设置导磁框和磁钢，所述主磁钢沿所述第二方向充磁，所述副磁钢沿所述第一方向充磁，所述第一方向和所述第二方向垂直，使得所述振子可以分别获得在第一方向和第二方向的振动，获得更优的使用体验，定子通电后产生电磁力，与所述磁钢的洛伦兹力相叠加，产生驱动力驱动所述配重块振动，增加了驱动力大小，使响应速度快，振动效果更佳。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
 本发明的实施方式
在此处键入本发明的实施方式描述段落。
 工业实用性
在此处键入工业实用性描述段落。
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Claims (10)

  1. 一种振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体及收容于所述收容空间内的振子和定子，其特征在于，所述振子包括用于振动的磁路结构，所述定子包括驱动所述磁路结构振动的线圈，所述磁路结构包括沿第一方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第一磁钢组、沿第一方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第二磁钢组、沿第二方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第三磁钢组及沿第二方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第四磁钢组，其中，所述第一方向与所述线圈的绕线平面平行，所述第二方向与所述线圈的绕线平面垂直，，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组对称设置，所述第三磁钢组与所述第四磁钢组对称设置，所述第一磁钢组和所述第二磁钢组均包括多个排列设置的主磁钢，所述主磁钢沿所述第二方向充磁，相邻两个主磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组中位置相对的主磁钢充磁方向相同；所述第三磁钢组和所述第四磁钢组包括副磁钢，所述副磁钢沿所述第一方向充磁，所述第三磁钢组和所述第四磁钢组中位置相对的副磁钢充磁方向相反。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述磁路结构还包括与所述主磁钢固定连接的导磁框，所述导磁框包括贴附于所述第一磁钢组的第一导磁板和贴附于所述第二磁钢组的第二导磁板，所述第一导磁板设置于所述第一磁钢组远离所述第二磁钢组的一侧，所述第二导磁板设置于所述第二磁钢组远离所述第一磁钢组的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述振子还包括配重块，所述磁路结构组装于所述配重块内，所述配重块悬置于所述收容空间内，所述配重块包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁及设置于所述长侧壁的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁的两个短侧壁，所述长侧壁和所述短侧壁首尾相接围成收容腔，所述导磁框和所述线圈收容于所述收容腔内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第一导磁板夹设于所述第一磁钢组和一个所述长侧壁之间，所述第二导磁框夹设于所述第二磁钢组和另一个所述长侧壁之间。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第三磁钢和所述第四磁钢组分别固定于两个所述短侧壁上。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述短侧壁沿所述壳体高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽，所述振动电机还包括与所述卡槽对应设置的限位块，所述限位块与所述壳体固定连接，所述卡槽与所述限位块配合用于限制所述振子的位移量。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第一磁钢组包括间隔设置的第一主磁钢和第二主磁钢，所述第一主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第二主磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第二磁钢组包括间隔设置的第三主磁钢和第四主磁钢，所述第三主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四主磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第一主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第三主磁钢的充磁方向相同，所述第二主磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四主磁钢的充磁方向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第三磁钢组包括第一副磁钢，所述第四磁钢组包括第二副磁钢，所述第一副磁钢和所述第二副磁钢的充磁方向相反。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述定子还包括与所述线圈固定连接的软磁体，所述线圈套设于所述软磁体上，且所述线圈与所述壳体固定连接。
  10. 在此处键入权利要求项10。
PCT/CN2019/093983 2019-06-29 2019-06-29 振动电机 WO2021000087A1 (zh)

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CN215733687U (zh) * 2020-07-10 2022-02-01 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 一种双向驱动磁路
CN213461492U (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-06-15 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 一种振动电机

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CN106660073A (zh) * 2014-10-07 2017-05-10 日本电产科宝株式会社 线性振动马达
CN206524745U (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-09-26 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 线性振动电机
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CN106660073A (zh) * 2014-10-07 2017-05-10 日本电产科宝株式会社 线性振动马达
CN206524745U (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-09-26 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 线性振动电机
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