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WO2020100889A1 - 偏光膜、偏光フィルム、積層偏光フィルム、画像表示パネル、および画像表示装置 - Google Patents

偏光膜、偏光フィルム、積層偏光フィルム、画像表示パネル、および画像表示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020100889A1
WO2020100889A1 PCT/JP2019/044317 JP2019044317W WO2020100889A1 WO 2020100889 A1 WO2020100889 A1 WO 2020100889A1 JP 2019044317 W JP2019044317 W JP 2019044317W WO 2020100889 A1 WO2020100889 A1 WO 2020100889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polarizing film
film
weight
image display
stretching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/044317
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山下　智弘
拓馬 黒田
良宏 西谷
Original Assignee
日東電工株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日東電工株式会社 filed Critical 日東電工株式会社
Priority to KR1020217001691A priority Critical patent/KR20210089631A/ko
Priority to CN201980063373.4A priority patent/CN112771419B/zh
Priority to JP2020555717A priority patent/JP6964800B2/ja
Priority to CN202211389860.XA priority patent/CN115657192A/zh
Publication of WO2020100889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020100889A1/ja
Priority to JP2021170849A priority patent/JP7219799B2/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
    • B60R11/0229—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for displays, e.g. cathodic tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polarizing film, a polarizing film, a laminated polarizing film, an image display panel, and an image display device.
  • a polarizing film used for various image display devices such as liquid crystal display devices and organic EL display devices
  • dyed such as iodine and dichroic dyes
  • Polyvinyl alcohol-based films (containing dichroic substances) have been used.
  • the polarizing film is produced by subjecting a polyvinyl alcohol-based film to various treatments such as swelling, dyeing, crosslinking and stretching in a bath, followed by washing treatment and drying.
  • the polarizing film is usually used as a polarizing film (polarizing plate) in which a protective film such as triacetyl cellulose is attached to one surface or both surfaces thereof with an adhesive.
  • the polarizing film is used as a laminated polarizing film (optical laminated body) by laminating other optical layers as necessary, and the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film (optical laminated body) is a liquid crystal cell or an organic EL element. And the like, and the front transparent plate (window layer) on the viewing side and the front transparent member such as a touch panel, which are bonded together via a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer. Used (Patent Document 1).
  • a polarizing film or a laminated polarizing film using an iodine-based polarizing film when exposed to a high-temperature environment, the polyvinyl alcohol constituting the polarizing film is polyeneized by a dehydration reaction, whereby the polarizing film is colored, There was a problem that the single-body transmittance was lowered.
  • the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and found that iodine contained in the iodine-based polarizing film promotes polyene formation in a high temperature environment. Therefore, it is effective to reduce the iodine concentration (content) in the polarizing film in order to suppress the decrease in the single-body transmittance due to the coloring of the polarizing film in a high temperature environment.
  • iodine concentration (content) in the polarizing film in order to suppress the decrease in the single-body transmittance due to the coloring of the polarizing film in a high temperature environment.
  • thickening the polarizing film it is possible to obtain a polarizing film having a good degree of polarization with a low iodine concentration, but when such a polarizing film is used, as the panel of the image display device becomes larger, The polarizing film and the laminated polarizing film tended to peel off when heated.
  • the present invention has a good degree of polarization in the initial stage, and in a high temperature environment, an object thereof is to provide a polarizing film having an excellent effect of suppressing a decrease in single transmittance due to coloring of the polarizing film. To do.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing film using the above polarizing film, a laminated polarizing film, an image display panel, and an image display device.
  • the present invention is a polarizing film formed by adsorbing and orienting iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, having an iodine concentration of 3% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less, and being inert in a generated gas analysis method.
  • the present invention relates to a polarizing film having a maximum temperature peak temperature of 205 ° C. or higher in the detected water in the presence of gas at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min and a heating range of 40 ° C. to 350 ° C.
  • the present invention also relates to a polarizing film having a transparent protective film attached to at least one surface of the polarizing film.
  • the present invention also relates to a laminated polarizing film in which the polarizing film is attached to an optical layer.
  • the present invention also relates to an image display panel in which the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film is attached to an image display cell.
  • the present invention also relates to an image display device comprising a front transparent member on the polarizing film or laminated polarizing film side of the image display panel.
  • the polarizing film of the present invention is an iodine-based polarizing film formed by adsorbing and orienting iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, having an iodine concentration of 3% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less, and in an evolved gas analysis method, In the presence of an inert gas, the temperature rise rate is 10 ° C./min, the temperature rise range is 40 ° C. to 350 ° C., and the peak temperature of the maximum strength of water detected is 205 ° C. or higher.
  • the iodine-based polarizing film undergoes polyeneization due to the dehydration reaction of polyvinyl alcohol in a high temperature environment, but the polarizing film of the present invention has a temperature at which this dehydration reaction occurs on the high temperature side, that is, in the evolved gas analysis method.
  • the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected (observed) is controlled to 205 ° C. or higher by setting the iodine concentration in the polarizing film within a certain range.
  • the present inventors observed the generation of radicals from the polarizing film when the polarizing film formed by iodine adsorption and orientation on the iodine-containing polyvinyl alcohol film was exposed to a high temperature environment for a certain period of time. Since the timing at which the polarizing film was colored by polyene formation was very similar to the timing at which the radicals were generated, it was suggested that radicals are generated by the progress of polyeneization of the polarizing film. Therefore, in the polarizing film, in order to set the temperature at which the above dehydration reaction occurs on the high temperature side, that is, the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected (observed) by the evolved gas analysis method is 205 ° C. or higher, It is preferable that the film contains a compound having a radical scavenging function.
  • the polarizing film of the present invention is an iodine-based polarizing film formed by adsorbing and orienting iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, having an iodine concentration of 3% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less, and in an evolved gas analysis method, In the presence of an inert gas, the temperature rise rate is 10 ° C./min, the temperature rise range is 40 ° C. to 350 ° C., and the peak temperature of the maximum strength of water detected is 205 ° C. or higher.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film a film having a light-transmitting property in a visible light region and capable of dispersing and adsorbing iodine can be used without particular limitation.
  • the PVA-based film which is usually used as a raw fabric, preferably has a thickness of about 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably about 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and a width of about 100 to 5000 mm.
  • polyvinyl alcohol or its derivative can be mentioned.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol derivative include polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetal, olefins such as ethylene and propylene, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and crotonic acid, and their modified alkyl esters, acrylamides, and the like. Is mentioned.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol preferably has an average degree of polymerization of about 100 to 10,000, more preferably about 1,000 to 10,000, and even more preferably about 1,500 to 4,500. ..
  • the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably about 80 to 100 mol%, more preferably about 95 mol% to 99.95 mol.
  • the average degree of polymerization and the degree of saponification can be determined according to JIS K 6726.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol film may contain additives such as a plasticizer and a surfactant.
  • the plasticizer include polyols such as glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol, and condensates thereof.
  • the amount of the additive used is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20% by weight or less in the polyvinyl alcohol film.
  • the polarizing film has the iodine concentration (content). Is 3% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less. From the viewpoint of improving the initial degree of polarization of the polarizing film, the polarizing film preferably has an iodine concentration (content) of 3.5% by weight or more, more preferably 4% by weight or more, From the viewpoint of controlling the peak temperature of the maximum strength of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method to 205 ° C. or higher, it is preferably 9% by weight or less, and more preferably 7% by weight or less.
  • the polarizing film has a maximum strength of water detected in the presence of an inert gas at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min and a temperature rising range of 40 ° C. to 350 ° C. Shows a peak temperature of 205 ° C. or higher.
  • the polarizing film is set in a high temperature environment by setting the temperature at which the dehydration reaction of polyvinyl alcohol occurs on the high temperature side, that is, by setting the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method to 205 ° C. or higher. In addition, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the single transmittance due to the coloring of the polarizing film.
  • the polarizing film before and after the heating durability test (105 ° C. ⁇ 750 hours), which is an index of high temperature durability required for high-end in-vehicle displays. It becomes difficult to control the change amount of the simple substance transmittance of 0% to 5%.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of a chart showing peaks of water detected by the above-mentioned evolved gas analysis method, and the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected is 205 ° C. or higher.
  • the above-mentioned generated gas analysis method is an analysis method in which a gas chromatography device and a mass spectrometry device are directly connected by an inert metal capillary or the like, and a gas generated when a sample is heated and heated is monitored in real time.
  • a gas chromatography device and a mass spectrometry device are directly connected by an inert metal capillary or the like, and a gas generated when a sample is heated and heated is monitored in real time.
  • EGA / MS method an EGA / TOFMS method, or the like.
  • the polarizing film preferably contains a compound having a radical scavenging function. It is presumed that the compound having a radical scavenging function can set the temperature at which the polyvinyl alcohol of the polarizing film traps radicals generated by heating to cause the dehydration reaction of polyene conversion to a high temperature side.
  • the compound having a radical scavenging function include radical scavenging compounds such as hindered phenol compounds, hindered amine compounds, phosphorus compounds, sulfur compounds, benzotriazole compounds, benzophenone compounds, hydroxylamine compounds, salicylate compounds, and triazine compounds. Examples thereof include compounds having a function (for example, antioxidants and the like).
  • the compound having a radical scavenging function is preferably, for example, a compound having a nitroxy radical or a nitroxide group, from the viewpoint that the temperature at which the dehydration reaction of polyene conversion occurs can be easily set to a high temperature side.
  • N-oxyl compound functional group, the C-N (-C) -O ⁇ compounds having (O ⁇ is an oxy radical)
  • known materials can be used.
  • N-oxyl compound include compounds having an organic group having the following structure.
  • R 1 represents an oxy radical
  • R 2 to R 5 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • n is 0 or 1
  • Examples of the compound having an organic group include compounds represented by the following general formulas (2) to (5).
  • R 1 to R 5 and n are the same as above, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, an acyl group, or an aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • N represents 0 or 1.
  • R 1 to R 5 and n are the same as above, and R 7 and R 8 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Represents an acyl group or an aryl group.
  • R 9 to R 11 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Represents an acyl group, an amino group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, or an aryl group.
  • R 1 to R 5 and n are the same as above, and R 12 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an amino group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group. Represents a group or an aryl group.
  • R 2 to R 5 are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of easy availability. More preferably, it is an alkyl group.
  • R 6 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrogen atom.
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom. Is more preferable.
  • R 9 to R 11 are preferably hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of easy availability.
  • R 12 is preferably a hydroxy group, an amino group, or an alkoxy group from the viewpoint of easy availability.
  • n is preferably 1 from the viewpoint of easy availability.
  • the N-oxyl compound is described in, for example, JP-A-2003-64022, JP-A-11-222462, JP-A-2002-284737, and WO-A-2016 / 047655. An oxyl compound is mentioned.
  • the compound having a radical scavenging function has a molecular weight of preferably 1,000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, and further preferably 300 or less, from the viewpoint of efficiently trapping radicals generated in the polyene conversion reaction. Is more preferable.
  • the compound having a radical scavenging function uses a thick polyvinyl alcohol-based film from the viewpoint that the polarizing film can be efficiently impregnated with water during the production of the polarizing film, the polarizing film can be impregnated at a high concentration, and the like. Even if it is impregnated in a short time, it is preferable that it can be dissolved in 1 part by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of water at 25 ° C. from the viewpoint of increasing productivity of the polarizing film. It is more preferable that 2 parts by weight or more can be dissolved, and even more preferably 5 parts by weight or more can be dissolved in 100 parts by weight of water at 25 ° C.
  • Examples of the compound having a nitroxy radical or a nitroxide group include the following compounds.
  • R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an acyl group, or an aryl group.
  • the content of the compound having the radical scavenging function is from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in single transmittance due to coloring of the polarizing film under a high temperature environment.
  • the film it is preferably 0.005% by weight or more, more preferably 0.01% by weight or more, further preferably 0.02% by weight or more, and 15% by weight from the viewpoint of appearance.
  • % Or less more preferably 12% by weight or less, and further preferably 10% by weight or less.
  • the method for producing the polarizing film can be obtained by subjecting the polyvinyl alcohol-based film to an arbitrary swelling step and a washing step, and at least a dyeing step, a crosslinking step, and a stretching step.
  • the content of the iodine contained in the polarizing film is such that the iodine and iodide such as potassium iodide contained in any of the treatment baths in the swelling step, the dyeing step, the crosslinking step, the stretching step and the washing step. It can be controlled by the concentration, the treatment temperature and the treatment time of each treatment bath described above.
  • any one or more treatment baths of the swelling step, the washing step, the dyeing step, the crosslinking step, and the stretching step It suffices to contain the compound having the radical scavenging function.
  • the concentration of the compound having the radical scavenging function contained in any of the treatment baths cannot be unconditionally determined because it is affected by the number of treatments, the treatment time, the treatment temperature, etc. of each treatment, but the radical scavenger in the polarizing film is trapped.
  • the content of the compound having a function is usually preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.05% by weight or more, and 0.1% by weight or more. More preferably, it is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, still more preferably 20% by weight or less.
  • the washing step when the washing step is performed after the dyeing step, the cross-linking step, and the stretching step, the washing step should be performed in consideration of the treatment conditions in the dyeing step, the cross-linking step, the stretching step, and the like.
  • the content of the iodine or the compound having a radical scavenging function is adjusted to a desired range. Easy to do.
  • each treatment bath in the swelling step, the dyeing step, the crosslinking step, the stretching step and the washing step contains an additive such as a zinc salt, a pH adjusting agent, a pH buffering agent and other salts.
  • a zinc salt include zinc halides such as zinc chloride and zinc iodide; inorganic zinc salts such as zinc sulfate and zinc acetate.
  • the pH adjuster include strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and strong bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
  • Examples of the pH buffer include carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid and salts thereof, and weak inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and carbonic acid and salts thereof.
  • Examples of the other salts include chlorides such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and barium chloride, nitrates such as sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, sulfates such as sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate, and alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Salt etc. are mentioned.
  • the swelling step is a treatment step of immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in a swelling bath, which can remove stains and blocking agents on the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and can also be dyed by swelling the polyvinyl alcohol-based film. Unevenness can be suppressed.
  • a medium containing water as a main component such as water, distilled water, or pure water, is usually used.
  • a surfactant, alcohol, etc. may be appropriately added according to a conventional method.
  • the temperature of the swelling bath is preferably about 10 to 60 ° C, more preferably about 15 to 45 ° C, and even more preferably about 18 to 30 ° C.
  • the dipping time in the swelling bath cannot be unconditionally determined because the degree of swelling of the polyvinyl alcohol film is affected by the temperature of the swelling bath, but is preferably about 5 to 300 seconds, and preferably 10 to 200 seconds. It is more preferably about 10 to 100 seconds, still more preferably about 20 to 100 seconds.
  • the swelling step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the dyeing step is a step of immersing the polyvinyl alcohol film in a dyeing bath (iodine solution), and iodine can be adsorbed and oriented on the polyvinyl alcohol film.
  • the iodine solution is preferably an aqueous iodine solution and contains iodine and iodide as a dissolution aid.
  • the iodide include potassium iodide, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc iodide, aluminum iodide, lead iodide, copper iodide, barium iodide, calcium iodide, tin iodide, and iodide.
  • examples include titanium.
  • potassium iodide is preferable from the viewpoint of controlling the content of potassium in the polarizing film.
  • the iodine concentration in the dyeing bath is preferably about 0.01 to 1% by weight, more preferably about 0.02 to 0.5% by weight.
  • the iodide concentration is preferably about 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably about 0.05 to 10% by weight, and about 0.1 to 5% by weight. It is more preferable that there is.
  • the temperature of the dyeing bath is preferably about 10 to 50 ° C., more preferably about 15 to 45 ° C., and further preferably about 18 to 30 ° C.
  • the immersion time in the dyeing bath cannot be unconditionally determined because the degree of dyeing of the polyvinyl alcohol film is affected by the temperature of the dyeing bath, but it is preferably about 10 to 300 seconds, and 20 to 240 seconds. It is more preferable that the degree is approximately.
  • the dyeing step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the cross-linking step is a step of immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in a treatment bath containing a boron compound (cross-linking bath), and the polyvinyl alcohol-based film is cross-linked by the boron compound, and the iodine molecule or the dye molecule is cross-linked. Can be adsorbed on the structure.
  • the boron compound include boric acid, borate, and borax.
  • the cross-linking bath is generally an aqueous solution, but may be, for example, a mixed solution of an organic solvent miscible with water and water. Further, the crosslinking bath may contain potassium iodide from the viewpoint of controlling the content of potassium in the polarizing film.
  • the concentration of the boron compound in the crosslinking bath is preferably about 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably about 1.5 to 10% by weight, and even more preferably about 2 to 5% by weight. preferable.
  • concentration of potassium iodide in the crosslinking bath is preferably about 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably about 1.5 to 10% by weight. More preferably, it is more preferably about 2 to 5% by weight.
  • the temperature of the crosslinking bath is preferably about 20 to 70 ° C, more preferably about 30 to 60 ° C.
  • the immersion time in the crosslinking bath cannot be unconditionally determined because the degree of crosslinking of the polyvinyl alcohol film is affected by the temperature of the crosslinking bath, but it is preferably about 5 to 300 seconds, preferably 10 to 200 seconds. It is more preferable that the degree is approximately.
  • the cross-linking step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the stretching step is a treatment step of stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film in at least one direction at a predetermined ratio.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol film is uniaxially stretched in the transport direction (longitudinal direction).
  • the stretching method is not particularly limited, and either a wet stretching method or a dry stretching method can be adopted.
  • the stretching step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the stretching process may be performed at any stage in manufacturing the polarizing film.
  • the stretching bath may contain potassium iodide from the viewpoint of controlling the content of the potassium in the polarizing film.
  • the concentration of potassium iodide in the stretching bath is preferably about 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably about 2 to 10% by weight, and 3 It is more preferably about 6 to 6% by weight.
  • the treatment bath (stretching bath) may contain the boron compound from the viewpoint of suppressing film breakage during stretching, and in this case, the concentration of the boron compound in the stretching bath is 1 to 15. It is preferably about wt%, more preferably about 1.5 to 10 wt%, and even more preferably about 2 to 5 wt%.
  • the temperature of the stretching bath is preferably about 25 to 80 ° C, more preferably about 40 to 75 ° C, and further preferably about 50 to 70 ° C.
  • the dipping time in the stretching bath cannot be unconditionally determined because the extent of stretching of the polyvinyl alcohol film is affected by the temperature of the stretching bath, but is preferably about 10 to 800 seconds, and preferably 30 to 500 seconds. It is more preferable that the degree is approximately.
  • the stretching treatment in the wet stretching method may be performed together with one or more treatment steps of the swelling step, the dyeing step, the crosslinking step, and the washing step.
  • Examples of the dry stretching method include a roll stretching method, a heated roll stretching method, and a compression stretching method.
  • the dry stretching method may be performed together with the drying step.
  • the total draw ratio (cumulative draw ratio) applied to the polyvinyl alcohol film can be appropriately set according to the purpose, but it is preferably about 2 to 7 times, and preferably about 3 to 6.8 times. More preferably, it is more preferably about 3.5 to 6.5 times.
  • the cleaning step is a treatment step of immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in a cleaning bath, and foreign substances remaining on the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film can be removed.
  • a medium containing water as a main component such as water, distilled water, or pure water, is usually used.
  • the cleaning bath may contain potassium iodide.
  • the concentration of potassium iodide in the cleaning bath is 1 to 10% by weight. %, Preferably about 1.5 to 4% by weight, more preferably about 1.8 to 3.8% by weight.
  • the temperature of the washing bath is preferably about 5 to 50 ° C, more preferably about 10 to 40 ° C, and further preferably about 15 to 35 ° C.
  • the dipping time in the washing bath cannot be unconditionally determined because the washing degree of the polyvinyl alcohol film is affected by the temperature of the washing bath, but it is preferably about 1 to 100 seconds, and preferably 2 to 50 seconds. It is more preferably about 3 to 20 seconds.
  • the swelling step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the method for producing a polarizing film of the present invention may include a drying step.
  • the drying step is a step of drying the polyvinyl alcohol film washed in the washing step to obtain a polarizing film, and by drying, a polarizing film having a desired moisture content is obtained.
  • the drying is performed by any appropriate method, and examples thereof include natural drying, blast drying, and heat drying.
  • the drying temperature is preferably about 20 to 150 ° C, more preferably about 25 to 100 ° C.
  • the drying time cannot be unconditionally determined because the drying degree of the polarizing film is affected by the drying temperature, but is preferably about 10 to 600 seconds, more preferably about 30 to 300 seconds. preferable.
  • the drying step may be performed only once, or may be performed multiple times as necessary.
  • the polarizing film preferably has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, and 20 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of preventing heat peeling. It is preferable that the thickness is 18 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or less.
  • a laminated body including a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer formed on a thermoplastic resin substrate is used as the polyvinyl alcohol-based film. A method of manufacturing a polarizing film can be applied.
  • a method of manufacturing a thin polarizing film is a laminate in which a polyvinyl alcohol resin layer (PVA resin layer) containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin (PVA resin) is formed on one side of a long thermoplastic resin substrate. And that the laminated body is subjected to an in-air auxiliary stretching treatment, a dyeing treatment, an underwater stretching treatment, and a drying shrinkage treatment in this order.
  • a two-stage stretching method is selected in which the auxiliary stretching treatment in air (dry stretching) and the stretching treatment in water in an aqueous boric acid solution are combined.
  • any suitable method is adopted, and for example, a method of applying a coating solution containing the PVA-based resin on the surface of the thermoplastic resin substrate and drying the coating solution is mentioned. Be done.
  • the thickness of the thermoplastic resin substrate is preferably about 20 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably about 50 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the PVA-based resin layer is preferably about 3 to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably about 3 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thermoplastic resin base material preferably has a water absorption rate of about 0.2% or more, from the viewpoint of absorbing water to significantly reduce the stretching stress and allowing stretching to a high ratio, and 0.3. % Or more is more preferable.
  • the thermoplastic resin base material has a water absorption of 3 from the viewpoint that the dimensional stability of the thermoplastic resin base material is remarkably lowered and the appearance of the polarizing film obtained is deteriorated. % Or less, and more preferably about 1% or less.
  • the water absorption can be adjusted, for example, by introducing a modifying group into the constituent material of the thermoplastic resin substrate.
  • the water absorption rate is a value obtained according to JIS K7209.
  • the thermoplastic resin base material has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 120 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of being able to sufficiently secure the stretchability of the laminate while suppressing the crystallization of the PVA-based resin layer. Is preferred. Further, in consideration of the plasticization of the thermoplastic resin substrate with water and the favorable underwater drawing, the glass transition temperature (Tg) is more preferably about 100 ° C. or lower, and about 90 ° C. or lower. Is more preferable. On the other hand, the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin base material is such that when the coating liquid is applied and dried, problems such as deformation of the thermoplastic resin base material can be prevented and a good laminate can be produced. Therefore, the temperature is preferably about 60 ° C. or higher. The glass transition temperature can be adjusted, for example, by introducing a modifying group into the constituent material of the thermoplastic resin substrate or by heating with a crystallization material. The glass transition temperature (Tg) is a value determined according to JIS K7121.
  • thermoplastic resin can be adopted as the constituent material of the thermoplastic resin base material.
  • the thermoplastic resin include ester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resins, cycloolefin resins such as norbornene resins, olefin resins such as polypropylene, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins, and copolymer resins thereof. Etc. Among these, norbornene-based resins and amorphous (amorphous) polyethylene terephthalate-based resins are preferable. Further, the thermoplastic resin base material has extremely excellent stretchability, and from the viewpoint that crystallization during stretching can be suppressed. Amorphous (non-crystalline) polyethylene terephthalate resin is preferably used.
  • amorphous (amorphous) polyethylene terephthalate-based resin examples include a copolymer containing isophthalic acid and / or cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid as a dicarboxylic acid, and a copolymer containing cyclohexanedimethanol or diethylene glycol as a glycol.
  • the thermoplastic resin substrate may be subjected to a surface treatment (for example, corona treatment) before forming the PVA-based resin layer, or an easy adhesion layer may be formed on the thermoplastic resin substrate. . By performing such a treatment, it is possible to improve the adhesion between the thermoplastic resin substrate and the PVA-based resin layer.
  • the thermoplastic resin substrate may be stretched before forming the PVA-based resin layer.
  • the above coating solution is a solution of PVA resin dissolved in a solvent.
  • the solvent include water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, various glycols, polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane, amines such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine, and water. preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the concentration of the PVA-based resin in the coating liquid is preferably about 3 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the solvent, from the viewpoint of forming a uniform coating film in close contact with the thermoplastic resin substrate. ..
  • the coating liquid contains a halide.
  • Any appropriate halide can be adopted as the halide, and examples thereof include iodide and sodium chloride.
  • the iodide include potassium iodide, sodium iodide, lithium iodide and the like, and potassium iodide is preferable.
  • the concentration of the halide in the coating liquid is preferably about 5 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably about 10 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin.
  • additives may be added to the coating liquid.
  • the additives include plasticizers such as ethylene glycol and glycerin; surfactants such as nonionic surfactants.
  • any appropriate method can be adopted as a method for applying the coating solution, and examples thereof include a roll coating method, a spin coating method, a wire bar coating method, a dip coating method, a die coating method, a curtain coating method, and a spray coating method. , Knife coating method (comma coating method, etc.) and the like.
  • the drying temperature of the coating liquid is preferably about 50 ° C or higher.
  • the above-mentioned in-air auxiliary stretching treatment enables stretching while suppressing crystallization of the thermoplastic resin substrate, so that the laminate can be stretched at a high ratio.
  • the stretching method of the in-air auxiliary stretching treatment may be fixed-end stretching (for example, a stretching method using a tenter stretching machine) or free-end stretching (for example, a uniaxial stretching method in which a laminate is passed between rolls having different peripheral speeds). ) May be used, but free-end stretching is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining high optical characteristics.
  • the draw ratio in the in-air auxiliary drawing is preferably about 2 to 3.5 times.
  • the in-air auxiliary stretching may be performed in one step or in multiple steps.
  • the draw ratio is the product of the draw ratios of the respective stages.
  • the stretching temperature in the in-air auxiliary stretching can be set to any appropriate value depending on the forming material of the thermoplastic resin substrate, the stretching method, and the like.
  • the upper limit of the stretching temperature is from the viewpoint that the crystallization of the PVA-based resin can be prevented from rapidly progressing and defects due to crystallization (for example, hindering the orientation of the PVA-based resin layer due to the stretching) can be suppressed. It is preferably about 170 ° C.
  • an insolubilization treatment may be performed after the aerial auxiliary stretching treatment and before the dyeing treatment or the underwater stretching treatment.
  • the insolubilization treatment is typically performed by immersing the PVA-based resin layer in an aqueous boric acid solution. By performing the insolubilization treatment, it is possible to impart water resistance to the PVA-based resin layer and prevent the orientation of PVA from being lowered when immersed in water.
  • the concentration of the boric acid aqueous solution is preferably about 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the solution temperature of the insolubilization bath is preferably about 20 to 50 ° C.
  • the dyeing process is performed by dyeing the PVA resin layer with iodine.
  • the adsorption method include a method of immersing the PVA-based resin layer (laminate) in a dyeing solution containing iodine, a method of applying the dyeing solution to the PVA-based resin layer, and a method of applying the dyeing solution to the PVA-based resin layer. Examples thereof include a method of spraying, and a method of immersing the PVA-based resin layer (laminate) in a dyeing solution containing iodine is preferable.
  • the blending amount of iodine in the dyeing bath is preferably about 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the iodide content is preferably about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably about 0.3 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the liquid temperature of the dyeing bath is preferably about 20 to 50 ° C. in order to suppress dissolution of the PVA-based resin.
  • the immersion time is preferably about 5 seconds to 5 minutes, and more preferably about 30 seconds to 90 seconds, from the viewpoint of ensuring the transmittance of the PVA-based resin layer.
  • the ratio of the iodine and iodide contents in the iodine aqueous solution is preferably about 1: 5 to 1:20, and about 1: 5 to 1:10. More preferably.
  • a crosslinking treatment may be applied after the dyeing treatment and before the underwater stretching treatment.
  • the cross-linking treatment is typically performed by immersing the PVA-based resin layer in an aqueous boric acid solution.
  • the boric acid concentration of the aqueous boric acid solution is preferably about 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the iodide content is preferably about 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the liquid temperature of the crosslinking bath is preferably about 20 to 50 ° C.
  • the above-mentioned underwater stretching treatment is performed by immersing the laminate in a stretching bath.
  • the underwater stretching treatment it is possible to stretch at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature (typically about 80 ° C.) of the thermoplastic resin substrate or the PVA type resin layer, and the PVA type resin layer is crystallized. It can be stretched to a high magnification while suppressing it.
  • the stretching method of the underwater stretching treatment may be fixed-end stretching (for example, stretching with a tenter stretching machine) or free-end stretching (for example, uniaxial stretching through a laminate between rolls having different peripheral speeds). However, free-end stretching is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining high optical characteristics.
  • the above-mentioned underwater stretching treatment is preferably performed by immersing the laminate in a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid underwater stretching).
  • a boric acid aqueous solution boric acid underwater stretching
  • the boric acid concentration of the boric acid aqueous solution is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 2.5 to 6 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the liquid temperature of the stretching bath is preferably about 40 to 85 ° C, more preferably about 60 to 75 ° C.
  • the immersion time of the laminate in the stretching bath is preferably about 15 seconds to 5 minutes.
  • the draw ratio in the underwater stretching is preferably about 1.5 times or more, more preferably about 3 times or more.
  • the total draw ratio of the laminate is preferably about 5 times or more, more preferably about 5.5 times or more of the original length of the laminate.
  • the drying shrinkage treatment may be performed by zone heating performed by heating the entire zone, or by heating the transport roll (using a so-called heating roll). Both are preferably used.
  • a heating roll By drying using a heating roll, it is possible to efficiently suppress the heating curl of the laminate to produce a polarizing film having an excellent appearance, and it is possible to dry while maintaining the laminate in a flat state. Therefore, not only curling but also generation of wrinkles can be suppressed.
  • the shrinkage in the width direction of the laminate due to the drying shrinkage treatment is 1 to 10% from the viewpoint that the optical properties of the obtained polarizing film can be improved by shrinking in the width direction.
  • the degree is preferably about 2 to 8%, and more preferably about 2 to 8%.
  • the drying conditions can be controlled by adjusting the heating temperature of the transfer rolls (heating roll temperature), the number of heating rolls, the contact time with the heating rolls, and the like.
  • the temperature of the heating roll is preferably about 60 to 120 ° C, more preferably about 65 to 100 ° C, and further preferably 70 to 80 ° C.
  • the number of transport rolls is usually about 2 to 40, preferably about 4 to 30.
  • the contact time (total contact time) between the laminate and the heating roll is preferably about 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 20 seconds, and further preferably 1 to 10 seconds.
  • the heating roll may be installed in the heating furnace or in a normal production line (under room temperature environment). Preferably, it is provided in a heating furnace equipped with a blowing means.
  • a heating furnace equipped with a blowing means.
  • the hot air drying temperature is preferably about 30 to 100 ° C.
  • the hot air drying time is preferably about 1 to 300 seconds.
  • the cleaning treatment is typically performed by immersing the PVA-based resin layer in an aqueous potassium iodide solution.
  • any one or more treatment baths of dyeing treatment, underwater stretching treatment, insolubilization treatment, crosslinking treatment, and washing treatment may contain the radical A compound having a trapping function may be contained.
  • concentration of the compound having the radical scavenging function contained in any of the treatment baths cannot be unconditionally determined because it is affected by the number of treatments, the treatment time, the treatment temperature, etc. of each treatment, but the radical scavenger in the polarizing film is trapped.
  • the content of the compound having a function is usually preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.05% by weight or more, and 0.1% by weight or more. More preferably, it is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight or less, still more preferably 20% by weight or less.
  • the washing treatment when the washing treatment is performed, the washing treatment may be performed by dyeing treatment, underwater stretching treatment, and the like, and then the components such as iodine and the compound having the radical scavenging function are eluted from the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, or polyvinyl. From the viewpoint of being able to be adsorbed on the alcohol-based film, the content of the iodine or the compound having the radical scavenging function can be easily adjusted to a desired range.
  • a transparent protective film is attached to at least one surface of the polarizing film.
  • the transparent protective film is not particularly limited, and various transparent protective films used for polarizing films can be used.
  • a material forming the transparent protective film for example, a thermoplastic resin having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture barrier property, isotropic property, etc. is used.
  • the thermoplastic resin include cellulose ester resins such as triacetyl cellulose, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, polyether sulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polycarbonate resins, nylon and aroma.
  • Polyamide resins such as group polyamides, polyimide resins, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers, (meth) acrylic resins, cyclo polyolefin resins having a norbornene structure (norbornene resins) ), Polyarylate-based resins, polystyrene-based resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • the transparent protective film may use a cured layer formed of a thermosetting resin such as a (meth) acrylic resin, a urethane resin, an acryl urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin or an ultraviolet curable resin.
  • a cellulose ester resin, a polycarbonate resin, a (meth) acrylic resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, and a polyester resin are preferable.
  • the thickness of the transparent protective film can be appropriately determined, but generally, from the viewpoint of workability such as strength and handleability, thin layer property, etc., it is preferably about 1 to 500 ⁇ m, and about 1 to 300 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is more preferably about 5 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent protective films on both sides may be the same or different.
  • a retardation plate having a front surface retardation of 40 nm or more and / or a thickness direction retardation of 80 nm or more can be used.
  • the front retardation is usually controlled in the range of 40 to 200 nm
  • the thickness direction retardation is usually controlled in the range of 80 to 300 nm.
  • the retardation plate also functions as a transparent protective film, so that the thickness can be reduced.
  • the retardation plate examples include a birefringent film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching a polymer material, a liquid crystal polymer alignment film, and a liquid crystal polymer alignment layer supported by a film.
  • the thickness of the retardation plate is not particularly limited, but is generally about 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the phase plate may be attached to a transparent protective film having no retardation.
  • the transparent protective film contains any appropriate additive such as an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a lubricant, a plasticizer, a release agent, an anti-coloring agent, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment and a colorant. You may stay. In particular, when the transparent protective film contains an ultraviolet absorber, the light resistance of the polarizing film can be improved.
  • a functional layer such as a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, an antisticking layer, a diffusion layer or an antiglare layer can be provided on the surface of the transparent protective film on which the polarizing film is not attached.
  • the hard coat layer, the antireflection layer, the antisticking layer, the functional layer such as the diffusion layer and the antiglare layer may be provided on the protective film itself, or may be provided separately from the protective film. it can.
  • the polarizing film and the transparent protective film, or the polarizing film and the functional layer are usually attached via an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer.
  • various pressure-sensitive adhesives used in polarizing films can be applied, and examples thereof include rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, and vinyl-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. Examples thereof include alkyl ether-based adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesives, polyvinylporolidone-based adhesives, polyacrylamide-based adhesives, and cellulose-based adhesives. Among these, acrylic adhesives are suitable.
  • a method of forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for example, a method of applying the pressure-sensitive adhesive to a release-treated separator or the like, forming a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by drying, and then transferring to a polarizing film, or the pressure-sensitive adhesive is polarized. Examples thereof include a method of forming a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by applying it on a film or the like and drying it.
  • the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited and is, for example, about 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably about 2 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • various adhesives used in polarizing films can be applied, for example, isocyanate adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol adhesives, gelatin adhesives, vinyl latex adhesives, Examples include water-based polyester. These adhesives are usually used as an adhesive composed of an aqueous solution (water-based adhesive) and contain a solid content of 0.5 to 60% by weight.
  • the water-based adhesive may contain a crosslinking agent.
  • a crosslinking agent a compound having at least two functional groups reactive with a component such as a polymer constituting an adhesive in one molecule is usually used, and examples thereof include alkylenediamines; isocyanates; epoxies; Aldehydes; amino-formaldehyde and the like such as methylol urea and methylol melamine.
  • the compounding amount of the crosslinking agent in the adhesive is usually about 10 to 60 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the components such as the polymer constituting the adhesive.
  • examples of the adhesive include active energy ray curable adhesives such as ultraviolet curable adhesives and electron beam curable adhesives.
  • active energy ray-curable adhesive include (meth) acrylate adhesives.
  • examples of the curable component in the (meth) acrylate-based adhesive include compounds having a (meth) acryloyl group and compounds having a vinyl group.
  • examples of the compound having a (meth) acryloyl group include alkyl (meth) acrylates such as a chain alkyl (meth) acrylate having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alicyclic alkyl (meth) acrylate, and a polycyclic alkyl (meth) acrylate.
  • (Meth) acrylate adhesives include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, N-methoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-ethoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) It may contain a nitrogen-containing monomer such as acryloylmorpholine.
  • the (meth) acrylate-based adhesive includes tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate, dioxane glycol diacrylate, and EO as cross-linking components. It may contain a polyfunctional monomer such as modified diglycerin tetraacrylate. Further, a compound having an epoxy group or an oxetanyl group can also be used as the cationic polymerization curable adhesive.
  • the compound having an epoxy group is not particularly limited as long as it has at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and various commonly known curable epoxy compounds can be used.
  • the adhesive may contain an appropriate additive as needed.
  • the additives include silane coupling agents, coupling agents such as titanium coupling agents, adhesion promoters such as ethylene oxide, ultraviolet absorbers, deterioration inhibitors, dyes, processing aids, ion trap agents, and antioxidants.
  • the application of the adhesive may be performed on either the transparent protective film side (or the functional layer side), the polarizing film side, or both.
  • a drying process is performed to form an adhesive layer composed of a coating and drying layer.
  • ultraviolet rays or an electron beam can be irradiated if necessary.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and when an aqueous adhesive or the like is used, it is preferably about 30 to 5000 nm, more preferably about 100 to 1000 nm, and an ultraviolet curable adhesive. When using an electron beam curable adhesive or the like, the thickness is preferably about 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably about 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent protective film and the polarizing film, or the polarizing film and the functional layer may be laminated via an intervening layer such as a surface modification treatment layer, an easy-adhesive layer, a block layer, and a refractive index adjusting layer. ..
  • Examples of the surface modification treatment for forming the surface modification layer include corona treatment, plasma treatment, primer treatment, saponification treatment and the like.
  • Examples of the easy-adhesive agent for forming the easy-adhesion layer include a forming material containing various resins having a polyester skeleton, a polyether skeleton, a polycarbonate skeleton, a polyurethane skeleton, a silicone-based, a polyamide skeleton, a polyimide skeleton, a polyvinyl alcohol skeleton, or the like. Can be mentioned.
  • the easy-adhesion layer is usually provided in advance on the protective film, and the easy-adhesion layer side of the protective film and the polarizing film are laminated with the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or the adhesive layer.
  • the blocking layer is a layer that has a function of preventing impurities (such as oligomers and ions) eluted from the transparent protective film and the like from moving (entering) into the polarizing film.
  • the block layer may be any layer as long as it has transparency and can prevent impurities eluted from the transparent protective film and the like, and examples of the material for forming the block layer include urethane prepolymer-based forming material and cyanoacrylate. Examples include a system forming material and an epoxy forming material.
  • the refractive index adjusting layer is a layer provided for suppressing a decrease in transmittance due to reflection between the transparent protective film and a layer such as a polarizing film having a different refractive index.
  • the refractive index adjusting material for forming the refractive index adjusting layer include various resins having a silica type, an acrylic type, an acryl-styrene type, a melamine type, etc., and a forming agent containing an additive.
  • the polarization degree of the polarizing film is preferably 99.98% or more, and more preferably 99.99% or more.
  • the laminated polarizing film (optical laminate) of the present invention is one in which the polarizing film is attached to an optical layer.
  • the optical layer is not particularly limited, but for example, for forming a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wavelength plate such as 1/2 or 1/4), and a viewing angle compensation film.
  • a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wavelength plate such as 1/2 or 1/4), and a viewing angle compensation film.
  • One or two or more optical layers that may be used can be used.
  • a reflective polarizing film or a semi-transmissive polarizing film obtained by further laminating a reflecting plate or a semi-transmissive reflecting plate on the polarizing film, and further comprising a retardation plate laminated on the polarizing film.
  • a reflective polarizing film or a semi-transmissive polarizing film obtained by further laminating a reflecting plate or a semi-transmissive reflecting plate on the polarizing film, and further comprising a retardation plate laminated on the polarizing film.
  • Examples thereof include an elliptically polarizing film or a circularly polarizing film, a wide viewing angle polarizing film obtained by further laminating a viewing angle compensation film on the polarizing film, or a polarizing film obtained by further laminating a brightness improving film on the polarizing film.
  • an image display cell such as a liquid crystal cell or an organic EL element
  • another front transparent member such as a front transparent plate or a touch panel on the viewing side
  • An adhesive layer for attaching the members may be additionally provided.
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is suitable as the adhesive layer.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but for example, an acrylic polymer, a silicone-based polymer, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polyether, or a polymer having a fluorine-based or rubber-based polymer as a base polymer It can be appropriately selected and used.
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing an acrylic polymer which has excellent optical transparency, shows appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesiveness, and has excellent weather resistance and heat resistance, is preferably used.
  • the adhesive layer may be attached to one side or both sides of the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film by an appropriate method.
  • a method of preparing a pressure-sensitive adhesive solution and directly attaching it to the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film by an appropriate developing method such as a casting method or a coating method, or a separator Examples include a method in which an adhesive layer is formed on the adhesive layer and transferred onto the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film.
  • the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be appropriately determined depending on the purpose of use, adhesive strength, etc., and is generally 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film provided with the adhesive layer on at least one surface thereof is referred to as an adhesive layer-attached polarizing film or an adhesive layer-attached laminated polarizing film.
  • the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is temporarily attached and covered with a separator for practical use until it is put to practical use.
  • a separator for example, a plastic film, a rubber sheet, a paper, a cloth, a non-woven fabric, a net, a foam sheet or a metal foil, an appropriate thin sheet such as a laminate thereof, a silicone-based or long-chain alkyl-based, if necessary, Those coated with an appropriate release agent such as fluorine-based or molybdenum sulfide are used.
  • the image display panel of the present invention is one in which the polarizing film or the laminated polarizing film is attached to an image display cell.
  • the image display device of the present invention includes a front transparent member on the polarizing film or laminated polarizing film side (viewing side) of the image display panel.
  • Examples of the image display cell include a liquid crystal cell and an organic EL cell.
  • Examples of the liquid crystal cell include a reflective liquid crystal cell that uses external light, a transmissive liquid crystal cell that uses light from a light source such as a backlight, and a semi-transmissive liquid crystal cell that uses both external light and light from a light source. Any of the semi-reflective liquid crystal cells may be used.
  • the image display device liquid crystal display device
  • the image display device has a polarizing film arranged on the side opposite to the viewing side of the image display cell (liquid crystal cell). Will be placed. It is preferable that the polarizing film on the light source side and the liquid crystal cell are bonded together via an appropriate adhesive layer.
  • any type such as a VA mode, an IPS mode, a TN mode, an STN mode, a bend alignment ( ⁇ type), or the like can be used.
  • organic EL cell for example, one in which a transparent electrode, an organic light emitting layer, and a metal electrode are laminated in this order on a transparent substrate to form a light emitting body (organic electroluminescent light emitting body) is preferably used.
  • the organic light emitting layer is a laminate of various organic thin films, for example, a laminate of a hole injection layer made of a triphenylamine derivative or the like and a light emitting layer made of a fluorescent organic solid such as anthracene, or the like.
  • Various layer configurations such as a laminated body of the above-mentioned light emitting layer and an electron injection layer composed of a perylene derivative or a laminated body of a hole injection layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron injection layer can be adopted.
  • the front transparent member arranged on the viewing side of the image display cell includes, for example, a front transparent plate (window layer) and a touch panel.
  • a transparent plate having appropriate mechanical strength and thickness is used.
  • a transparent plate for example, a transparent resin plate such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin, or a glass plate is used.
  • the touch panel for example, various touch panels such as a resistive film type, an electrostatic capacitance type, an optical type, an ultrasonic type, and a glass plate or a transparent resin plate having a touch sensor function are used.
  • a capacitive touch panel is used as the front transparent member, it is preferable that a front transparent plate made of glass or a transparent resin plate is provided on the side closer to the viewer than the touch panel.
  • the polarizing film of the present invention has a good initial degree of polarization and, under a high temperature environment, has an excellent effect of suppressing a decrease in the single transmittance due to the coloring of the polarizing film. Therefore, the polarizing film of the present invention and the polarizing film are used.
  • the polarizing film, the laminated polarizing film, the image display panel, and the image display device are suitable for use in vehicle-mounted image display devices such as car navigation devices and back monitors.
  • Example 1 ⁇ Production of polarizing film> A polyvinyl alcohol film having an average degree of polymerization of 2,400, a degree of saponification of 99.9 mol% and a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was prepared. The polyvinyl alcohol film was dipped in a swelling bath (water bath) at 20 ° C. for 30 seconds between rolls having different peripheral speed ratios and stretched to 2.2 times in the transport direction while swelling (swelling step). In a dyeing bath at 30 ° C.
  • the iodine concentration of the finally obtained polarizing film is It is soaked for 30 seconds while adjusting the concentration so as to be 3.8% by weight, and dyed while being dyed for 30 seconds.
  • the original polyvinyl alcohol film polyvinyl alcohol film that has not been stretched in the conveying direction at all
  • the reference 3.3 in the conveying direction It was stretched twice (dyeing step). Then, the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film is placed in a crosslinking bath at 40 ° C.
  • the obtained polarizing film has a peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method of 210 ° C., and the content of the compound represented by the following general formula (9) in the polarizing film is It was 0.3% by weight, and the thickness of the polarizing film was 12 ⁇ m.
  • the polarizing film was introduced into a heating furnace type pyrolyzer (PY-2020iD, manufactured by Frontier Lab), and the generated gas was directly introduced into TOFMS (JEOL, JMS-T100GCV) to analyze the generated gas (EGA / TOFMS).
  • ⁇ Production of polarizing film> polyvinyl alcohol resin containing acetoacetyl group (average polymerization degree: 1,200, saponification degree: 98.5 mol%, acetoacetylation degree: 5 mol%) and methylolmelamine in a weight ratio of 3: The aqueous solution contained in 1 was used.
  • a (meth) acrylic resin modified acrylic polymer having a lactone ring structure
  • the formed transparent protective film with a thickness of 47 ⁇ m (moisture permeability is 380 g / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h)) was pasted with a roll laminating machine, and then dried by heating in an oven (temperature 90 ° C., time 10 minutes).
  • a polarizing film having transparent protective films attached to both surfaces of the polarizing film was produced.
  • the parallel transmittance (H0) is the value of the transmittance of a parallel type laminated polarizing film produced by stacking two identical polarizing films so that their absorption axes are parallel to each other.
  • the orthogonal transmittance (H90) is the value of the transmittance of an orthogonal laminated polarizing film produced by stacking two identical polarizing films so that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other.
  • these transmittances are Y values after the luminosity correction is performed by the 2 degree visual field (C light source) of JLS Z 8701-1982. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the polarizing film obtained above was cut into a size of 5.0 ⁇ 4.5 cm so that the absorption axis of the polarizing film was parallel to the long side, and the protective film surface on the image display cell side of the polarizing film had a thickness of A glass plate (pseudo image display cell) was attached via an acrylic adhesive layer of 20 ⁇ m, and autoclaved at 50 ° C. and 0.5 MPa for 15 minutes to prepare a laminate.
  • the obtained laminated body was allowed to stand in a hot air oven at a temperature of 105 ° C. for 750 hours, and the single-body transmittance ( ⁇ Ts) before and after charging (heating) was measured.
  • the simple substance transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, product name "V7100"), and evaluated according to the following criteria.
  • the measurement wavelength is 380 to 700 nm (every 5 nm).
  • the results are shown in Table 1.
  • ⁇ Ts (%) Ts 750 ⁇ Ts 0
  • Ts 0 is the simple substance transmittance of the laminate before heating
  • Ts 750 is the simple substance transmittance of the laminate after heating for 750 hours.
  • the ⁇ Ts (%) is preferably 5 ⁇ ⁇ Ts (%) ⁇ 0, and more preferably 3 ⁇ ⁇ Ts (%) ⁇ 0.
  • Example 2> ⁇ Production of polarizing film and polarizing film>
  • the polarizing film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the iodine concentration of the dyeing bath was adjusted so that the iodine concentration of the finally obtained polarizing film was 4.3% by weight. And the polarizing film was produced.
  • the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method is 208 ° C.
  • the content of the compound represented by the general formula (9) in the polarizing film is 0. It was 3% by weight, and the thickness of the polarizing film was 12 ⁇ m.
  • polarizing film and polarizing film In the production of the polarizing film, a polyvinyl alcohol film having a thickness of 45 ⁇ m was used, except that the iodine concentration of the dyeing bath was adjusted so that the iodine concentration of the finally obtained polarizing film was 3.5% by weight. A polarizing film and a polarizing film were produced by the same operation as in 1. In the obtained polarizing film, the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method is 210 ° C., and the content of the compound represented by the general formula (9) in the polarizing film is 0. It was 2% by weight, and the thickness of the polarizing film was 18 ⁇ m.
  • Example 4 ⁇ Production of polarizing film and polarizing film>
  • the iodine concentration of the dyeing bath was adjusted so that the iodine concentration of the finally obtained polarizing film would be 3.7% by weight, and as a compound having a radical scavenging function in the bath of the washing step.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (8) was added in a concentration of 1.0 wt% instead of the general formula (9), a polarizing film and a polarizing film were obtained. A film was made.
  • the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method is 211 ° C.
  • the content of the compound represented by the general formula (8) in the polarizing film is 0. It was 3% by weight, and the thickness of the polarizing film was 12 ⁇ m.
  • ⁇ Comparative example 2> ⁇ Production of polarizing film and polarizing film>
  • the iodine concentration of the dyeing bath is adjusted so that the iodine concentration of the finally obtained polarizing film will be 2.5% by weight, and the above general formula is used as a compound having a radical scavenging function in the washing bath.
  • a polarizing film and a polarizing film were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound represented by (9) was not added.
  • the peak temperature of the maximum intensity of water detected by the evolved gas analysis method is 206 ° C.
  • the content of the compound represented by the general formula (9) in the polarizing film is 0% by weight. %
  • the thickness of the polarizing film was 12 ⁇ m.

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PCT/JP2019/044317 2018-11-12 2019-11-12 偏光膜、偏光フィルム、積層偏光フィルム、画像表示パネル、および画像表示装置 WO2020100889A1 (ja)

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