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WO2020182131A1 - 一种照明装置及汽车照明系统 - Google Patents

一种照明装置及汽车照明系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020182131A1
WO2020182131A1 PCT/CN2020/078685 CN2020078685W WO2020182131A1 WO 2020182131 A1 WO2020182131 A1 WO 2020182131A1 CN 2020078685 W CN2020078685 W CN 2020078685W WO 2020182131 A1 WO2020182131 A1 WO 2020182131A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
light
lighting device
lenses
lighting
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/078685
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈良晓
张权
马勇
Original Assignee
深圳市绎立锐光科技开发有限公司
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Publication of WO2020182131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020182131A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of lighting, in particular to a lighting device and an automobile lighting system using the same.
  • ADB Adaptive Driving Beam, adaptive high beam
  • Traditional car headlights easily dazzle drivers in the opposite lane when meeting cars at night, posing a safety hazard.
  • ADB car headlights detect vehicles or pedestrians on the road ahead through detection devices, such as lidar or infrared detectors, and at the same time determine the position and distance between the vehicle or pedestrian and the person, and adjust the car headlights accordingly
  • the lighting pattern of the vehicle is turned off or dimmed to avoid dazzling the drivers or pedestrians on the road, which will become the development trend of automobile safety lighting.
  • a homogenizing rod array is often used to achieve regional illumination, but the illuminating sub-areas that can be realized are limited, and the boundary between each illumination area has a dark area, and the uniformity of the illumination light is poor.
  • the utility model provides a lighting device and an automobile lighting system using the lighting device, so as to solve the problems that the existing ADB technology has fewer lighting areas and the boundary between each lighting area has a dark area.
  • a technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a lighting device, wherein the lighting device includes:
  • a plurality of first lenses, the first lenses and the LED chips are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the first lenses are arranged on the light exit path of the LED chips;
  • the second lens includes a square light-incident surface and a curved light-emitting surface, the light-incident surfaces of the plurality of second lenses are closely arranged in the same plane, and the second lens and the first lens A lens is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence for collecting and collimating the light emitted by the first lens.
  • the length of the diagonal of the light incident surface of the second lens is smaller than that of the light emitted from the first lens.
  • the projection lens is arranged on the light exit path of the second lens, and is used to project the light emitted by the second lens onto the road ahead.
  • the exit surfaces of the multiple second lenses are also in close contact.
  • the light emitted from the first lens is placed on the plane where the light incident surface of the second lens is located.
  • the diameter of the light spot is greater than the diagonal length of the light incident surface of the second lens, that is, the light emitted from the first lens completely covers the light incident surface of the second lens, and the above configuration makes it formed after being refracted by multiple second lenses There are no dark stripes between multiple illumination spots.
  • the side length of the light incident surface of the second lens is larger than the diameter of the first lens; through the above arrangement, the second lens has a higher collection efficiency for the light emitted by the first lens.
  • the distance between the focal plane of the projection lens and the plane where the top end of the light-emitting surface of the second lens is located is 0-0.5mm; through the above settings, the projection lens projects the light distribution of the focal plane attachment To the outside, multiple continuous lighting areas are formed.
  • the first lens is made of glass; through the above arrangement, the first lens has better temperature resistance and prevents its deformation due to heat.
  • the lighting device further includes a diffuser plate arranged on the optical path between the second lens and the projection lens, and the diffuser plate is arranged on the focal point of the projection lens.
  • the chromatic dispersion caused by the first lens and the second lens can be reduced, and on the other hand, the dark stripes existing between multiple illumination spots can be eliminated to obtain high uniformity of illumination light.
  • the diffusion angle of the diffusion plate is 1 degree to 6 degrees; through the above arrangement, the overlapping area between the multiple illumination spots is prevented from being too large, so that the boundary between the bright area and the dark area is obvious.
  • the distance between the diffuser plate and the second lens is 0.5-1 mm.
  • the lighting device further includes a heat dissipation device, and the plurality of LED chips are arranged on the heat dissipation device; through the above arrangement, the reliability and service life of the LED chips can be submitted.
  • the light emitted by the LED chip is white light.
  • an automotive lighting device wherein the automotive lighting system includes a detection device, a control device, and the lighting device as described above, and the control device and The lighting device is electrically connected and each LED chip is individually controlled, and the detection device is used to sense whether there are vehicles or pedestrians in the lighting area corresponding to each LED chip, and if so, to the control The device sends out a detection signal, and the control device controls the corresponding LED chip to reduce brightness or stop emitting light according to the detection signal.
  • the length of the diagonal of the light incident surface of the second lens is smaller than the spot diameter of the light emitted from the first lens on the plane where the light incident surface of the second lens is located, and the light incident surfaces of multiple second lenses Closely arranged on the same plane, compared with the prior art, there are no dark stripes between multiple sub-illumination spots.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the lighting device of this application.
  • Figure 2(a) is the transmission path of light after passing through the circular lens
  • Figure 2(b) is the transmission path of light after passing through the square lens
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the lighting device of this application.
  • Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram before and after the light passes through the optical diffusion film, and 4(b) is the relationship curve between the emitted light intensity I( ⁇ ) and the angle ⁇ ;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the automotive lighting device of this application.
  • Fig. 6 is an illuminance distribution diagram of the simulation result of the lighting device of the application.
  • the lighting device 100 in the present application includes a plurality of LED chips 110, a plurality of first lenses 120, a plurality of second lenses 130, and a projection lens 140 arranged in sequence, wherein each LED chip 110 is connected to a first lens.
  • One lens 120 and one second lens 130 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the light emitted by the LED chip 110 is collected and refracted by the first lens 120, and then enters the second lens 130, and is collected and shaped by the second lens 130, and then exits, and is finally projected to the outside by the projection lens to form an illumination formed by multiple sub-illumination spots Light pattern.
  • the first lens 120 is a circular convex lens, and the light emitted by the LED chip is refracted by the first lens 120 to form a circular spot;
  • the second lens 130 is a square convex lens including a square light-incident surface and a curved light-exit surface;
  • the second lens The length of the diagonal of the light incident surface of 130 is smaller than the diameter of the illumination spot of the light emitted after being refracted by the first lens 120 in the plane of the light incident surface of the second lens 130, that is, the circular spot emitted by the first lens 120
  • the light-incident surface of the second lens 130 can completely cover the light-incident surface of the second lens 130 in the plane where the light-incident surface of the second lens 130 is located; a certain gap exists between multiple LED chips, and the gap size is related to the number of sub-illumination systems in the lighting device 100 ,
  • the light incident surfaces of the multiple second lenses 130 are closely arranged in the same plane, that is, the light exit surfaces of
  • the LED chip 110 is prepared by disposing a yellow fluorescent layer on a blue LED chip.
  • the blue light emitted by the blue LED chip excites the yellow fluorescent layer to emit yellow light.
  • the yellow light and the blue light that is not absorbed and converted by the yellow fluorescent layer After mixing, white light can be formed.
  • the LED chip can also be prepared by placing red phosphor and green phosphor on a blue LED chip.
  • the blue light emitted by the blue LED chip excites the red phosphor and the green phosphor to emit red and green light.
  • the emitted red light and green light are mixed with the unabsorbed blue light to form white light.
  • each LED chip can independently control its on or off and the intensity of the input current.
  • the first lens 120 is made of colorless glass material with high transmittance.
  • the first lens 120 is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 110.
  • the heat on the LED chip 110 is easily transferred to the first lens 120 through the air gap.
  • the high temperature resistance can prevent its deformation due to high temperature, improve the reliability of the lighting device, and extend the service life of the lighting device.
  • Figure 2(a) shows the transmission of light when the second lens is a round convex lens
  • Figure 2(b) shows the transmission of light when the second lens is a square convex lens.
  • Figure 2(a) when the second lens is a circular convex lens, the light emitted by the LED chip enters the second lens after being collected and refracted by the first lens, and then forms a circular spot after being collected and refracted by the second lens. And the overlap area between each circular spot is relatively large; as shown in Figure 2(b), when the second lens is a square convex lens, the light emitted by the LED chip enters the second lens after being collected and refracted by the first lens.
  • the rays of light are refracted in the corresponding second lens, and the rays of large angles are totally internally reflected on the light-emitting surface of the adjacent second lens, and cannot be emitted from the light-emitting surface of the second lens, and are formed after being refracted by the second lens
  • the light spot is a square light spot, the divergence angle of the beam is small, and the overlap between adjacent square light spots is small.
  • the plurality of second lenses 130 are preferably integrally formed, and may be prepared by injection molding or molding.
  • the distance between the focal plane of the projection lens 140 and the plane where the top end of the second lens 130 is located is 0-0.5mm.
  • the projection lens 140 can project the light distribution on the focal plane to the outside.
  • the light emitted by the second lens 130 is projected to the outside to form an illumination pattern formed by a plurality of sub-illumination spots.
  • the number of LED chips can be increased, corresponding to the number of additional first lenses and second lenses, and the second lens that is light-shaped into a directional spot can be formed in one piece, compared with the prior art
  • this application is easy to implement a larger number of sub-illumination spots; local illumination can be realized by individually controlling the on and off of each LED chip or the intensity of the input current.
  • Fig. 6 is an illuminance simulation diagram of the light emitted by the lighting device 100
  • Fig. 6(a) is a corresponding illuminance distribution diagram when all LED chips are all lit. There are no dark stripes between different sub-illumination spots. High uniformity
  • Figure 6(b) is the corresponding lighting distribution diagram when the current of one or more LED chips is turned off or reduced, which can realize local lighting.
  • the lighting device 100 further includes a heat dissipation device, and a plurality of LED chips are mounted on the heat dissipation device 150.
  • the heat dissipation device 150 includes a substrate 151 and a heat sink 152 disposed on the substrate 151. Wherein, a plurality of heat sinks 152 arranged side by side and spaced apart may be provided on the substrate 151 to improve the heat dissipation effect.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a lighting device 200 of this application.
  • the lighting device 200 of this embodiment includes: a plurality of LED chips 210, a plurality of first lenses 220, a plurality of second lenses 230, a projection lens 240, and a diffuser 260.
  • the lens 230 and the projection lens 240 are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the diffuser plate 260 is arranged on the optical path between the second lens 230 and the projection lens 240, and the distance between the diffuser plate 260 and the topmost plane of the second lens 230 is 0.5-1 mm, and the diffuser plate is arranged On the focal plane of the projection lens 240; through the above settings, on the one hand, the diffuser 260 can reduce the dispersion caused by the first lens 220 and/or the second lens 230, on the other hand, the diffuser 260 can also increase the adjacent sub-illumination spots The uniformity between the two improves the uniformity of the illumination light pattern.
  • Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram showing the changes before and after the light passes through the diffuser.
  • Figure 4(b) is the emitted light after the incident parallel light intensity I is parallel and diffused through the optical diffuser plate
  • the relationship curve between the intensity I( ⁇ ) and the angle ⁇ The intensity of the light emitted from the diffuser changes with the angle.
  • the angle is 0, the light intensity is I 0 ; when the light intensity is 0.5I 0 , the corresponding angle is ⁇ 0 ; 2 ⁇ 0 is defined as the diffusion angle of the diffuser.
  • the diffusion angle of the diffuser 260 is 1 degree to 6 degrees, which on the one hand can make the diffuser 260 have a better diffusion effect on light, enhance the uniformity of the illumination light pattern, and on the other hand can prevent excessive beams. Diffusion makes the overlap between adjacent sub-spots larger. In order to further ensure the diffusion effect of the diffusion plate 260 and prevent the overlap between adjacent sub-spots and prevent large light loss, the thickness of the diffusion plate 260 is 0.5-1 mm.
  • the illumination light pattern emitted by the illumination device 200 in this embodiment has higher color uniformity and brightness uniformity, and at the same time has high light efficiency.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile lighting device provided by this application.
  • the automobile lighting device 300 includes any one of the above-mentioned lighting devices 330, and also includes a detection device 310 and a control device 320.
  • the control device 320 can be electrically connected to the lighting device 330 and individually control the light emission of each LED chip.
  • the device 310 is used to detect whether there is a pedestrian or a vehicle in the lighting area corresponding to the lighting device 330, and to identify the LED chip corresponding to the lighting area with the pedestrian or the vehicle.
  • the detection device 310 will check the pedestrians or vehicles in the lighting area of the lighting device 330 to determine the specific position of the pedestrians or vehicles in the lighting area of the lighting device 330. Then the LED chip corresponding to the lighting area where the pedestrian or vehicle is located can be determined; when the LED chip corresponding to the lighting area where the pedestrian or vehicle is located is determined, the detection device 310 will send a detection signal to the control device 320, and the control device 320 will receive After detecting the signal, control the light emission of the LED chip corresponding to the illumination area of the pedestrian or vehicle according to the detection signal.
  • the brightness of the LED chip can be adjusted to reduce the brightness of the LED chip or directly turn off the LED chip to stop the LED chip from emitting light . During this process, the remaining LED chips are still in normal lighting state.
  • the detection device 310 may be millimeter wave radar, laser radar, visible light camera, etc.
  • the automotive lighting device 300 in this embodiment can control the light emission of a single or more than two LED chips through the control device 320 without affecting the normal lighting of the lighting device 330, as shown in Figure 6(b) As described above, local lighting can be realized, and therefore, the light emitted by the lighting device 300 can avoid adverse effects such as glare on pedestrians or vehicle drivers, and improve driving safety.
  • the present application makes the length of the diagonal of the light incident surface of the second lens smaller than the diameter of the light spot of the light emitted from the first lens on the plane where the light incident surface of the second lens is located.
  • the light incident surfaces of the lenses are closely arranged on the same plane, so that there are no dark stripes between multiple sub-illumination spots.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种照明装置，包括多个LED芯片（110），多个第一透镜（120），多个第二透镜（130）和投射透镜（140），第二透镜（130）包含一方形入光面和一曲面出光面，多个第二透镜（130）的入光面密排在同一平面内，第二透镜（130）与第一透镜（120）一一对应设置，用于收集和准直第一透镜（120）出射的光，第二透镜（130）的入光面的对角线的长度小于从第一透镜（120）出射的光在第二透镜（130）的入光面所在平面上的光斑的直径。通过以上设置使得经多个第二透镜（130）折射后形成的多个照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹，照明光图案具有较高的均匀性。

Description

一种照明装置及汽车照明系统 技术领域
本实用新型涉及照明领域，特别是涉及一种照明装置及应用其的汽车照明系统。
背景技术
ADB(Adaptive Driving Beam，自适应远光灯)是一种智能远光灯系统。传统的汽车头灯，在夜间会车时容易使对向车道驾驶者的眩目，存在安全隐患。相比之下，ADB汽车大灯通过检测装置，如激光雷达或红外探测器等来检测前方道路的车辆或者行人，同时判断车辆或者行人与本人之间的位置和距离，并相应调整汽车前灯的照明光图案，关闭或调暗对面车辆或者行人所在区域的照明光，避免对来车的驾驶员或者行人造成眩目，其将成为汽车安全照明的发展趋势。
现有技术中，常采用匀光棒阵列实现区域照明，但其能实现的照明子区域有限，各个照明区域之间的边界存在暗区，照明光均匀性较差。
实用新型内容
本实用新型提供一种照明装置及应用其的汽车照明系统，以解决现有ADB技术中存在的照明区域较少和各照明区域之间的边界存在暗区的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种照明装置，其中，所述照明装置包括：
多个LED芯片；
多个第一透镜，所述第一透镜和所述LED芯片一一对应设置，所述第一透镜设置在所述LED芯片的出光路径上；
多个第二透镜，所述第二透镜包含一方形入光面和一曲面出光面，多个所述第二透镜的入光面密排在同一平面内，所述第二透镜与所述第 一透镜一一对应设置，用于收集和准直所述第一透镜出射的光，所述第二透镜的入光面的对角线的长度小于从所述第一透镜出射的光在所述第二透镜的入光面所在平面上的光斑的直径；
投射透镜，所述投射透镜设置在所述第二透镜的出光光路上，用于将所述第二透镜出射的光投射至前方道路上。
通过将多个第二透镜的入光面密排在同一平面使得多个第二透镜出射面之间也紧密接触，此外通过使从第一透镜出射的光在第二透镜的入光面所在平面的光斑的直径大于第二透镜的入光面的对角线长度，即从第一透镜出射的光完全覆盖第二透镜的入光面，通过以上设置使得经多个第二透镜折射后形成的多个照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹。
在一个实施方式中，所述第二透镜的入光面的边长大于所述第一透镜的直径；通过以上设置，使得第二透镜对第一透镜出射的光具有较高的收集效率。
在一个实施方式中，所述投射透镜的焦平面与所述第二透镜的出光面的最顶端所在的平面的距离为0～0.5mm；通过以上设置，投射透镜将焦平面附件的光分布投射至外部，形成多个连续的照明区域。
在一个实施方式中，第一透镜为玻璃材质；通过以上设置，使得第一透镜具有较好的耐温性能，防止其受热发生形变。
在一个实施方式中，所述照明装置还包括扩散板，所述扩散板设置在所述第二透镜和所述投射透镜之间的光路上，且所述扩散板设置在所述投射透镜的焦平面上；通过以上设置，一方面可以减少由于第一透镜和第二透镜造成的色散，另一方面也可以消除多个照明光斑之间存在的暗条纹，获得高均匀性的照明光。
在一个实施方式中，所述扩散板的扩散角度为1度～6度；通过以上设置防止多个照明光斑之间的叠加区域过大，使得明区和暗区的分界明显。
在一个实施方式中，所述扩散板与所述第二透镜之间的距离为0.5～1mm。
在一个实施方式中，所述照明装置还包括散热装置，所述多个LED芯片设置在散热装置上；通过以上设置，可提交LED芯片的可靠性及使 用寿命。
在一个实施方式中，所述LED芯片出射光为白光。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种汽车照明装置，其中，所述汽车照明系统包括检测装置、控制装置以及如前文所述的照明装置，所述控制装置与所述照明装置电连接并对每一所述LED芯片进行单独控制，所述检测装置用于感应每一所述LED芯片所对应的照明区域中是否有车辆或者行人，若有则向所述控制装置发出检测信号，所述控制装置根据所述检测信号控制相应的所述LED芯片降低亮度或者停止发光。
本申请通过使第二透镜的入光面的对角线的长度小于从第一透镜出射的光在第二透镜的入光面所在平面上的光斑直径且使多个第二透镜的入光面密排在同一平面上，相对于现有技术，使得多个子照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，其中：
图1为本申请照明装置的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2(a)为光线经圆形透镜后的传输路径，图2(b)为光线经方形透镜后的传输路径；
图3为本申请照明装置的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图4(a)为光透过光学扩散膜前后的示意图，4(b)为出射光强I(θ)与角度θ之间的关系曲线；
图5为本申请汽车照明装置的第三实施例的结构示意图；
图6为本申请照明装置的仿真结果的照度分布图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，均属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明，若本申请实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本申请实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本申请要求的保护范围之内。
请参阅图1，本申请中的照明装置100包括依次设置的多个LED芯片110、多个第一透镜120、多个第二透镜130及投射透镜140，其中，每一个LED芯片110与一个第一透镜120和一个第二透镜130一一对应设置。LED芯片110出射的光经第一透镜120收集并折射后进入第二透镜130，再经第二透镜130收集和整形后出射，最终被投射透镜投射至外部，形成由多个子照明光斑形成的照明光图案。
第一透镜120为圆形凸透镜，LED芯片出射的光经第一透镜120折射后形成一圆形光斑；第二透镜130为包含一方形入光面和一曲面出光面的方形凸透镜；第二透镜130的入光面的对角线的长度小于经第一透镜120折射后出射的光在第二透镜130的入光面所在平面内的照明光斑的直径，即第一透镜120出射的圆形光斑在第二透镜130的入光面所在的平面内能完全覆盖第二透镜130的入光面；多个LED芯片之间存在一 定的缝隙，且缝隙大小与照明装置100中子照明系统的数量有关，多个第二透镜130的入光面紧密排列在同一平面内，即多个第二透镜130的出光面之间也紧密接触；通过以上设置，使得照明装置100出射的多个只照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹，照明光图案具有较高的均匀性。
在本实施例中，LED芯片110是将黄色荧光层设置在蓝光LED芯片上制备而成，蓝光LED芯片出射的蓝光激发黄色荧光层出射黄光，黄光与未被黄色荧光层吸收转化的蓝光混合后可形成白光，通过设置黄色荧光层的厚度使得LED芯片110出射光为白光。在其他情况下，LED芯片也可以是将红色荧光粉和绿光荧光粉设置在蓝光LED芯片上制备而成，蓝光LED芯片出射的蓝光激发红色荧光粉和绿色荧光粉出射红光和绿光，通过调节红色荧光粉和绿色荧光粉的比例，使得出射的红光和绿光与未被吸收的蓝光混合形成白光。且各个LED芯片可以独立控制其开或关及输入电流的强度。
第一透镜120为高透过率的无色玻璃材质，第一透镜120设置在LED芯片110的出光面，LED芯片110上的热量易通过空气间隙传递至第一透镜120，而玻璃透镜具好的耐温性能，可防止其由于高温而发生的变形，提高照明装置的可靠性，且延长照明装置的使用寿命。
如图2所示，其中，图2(a)为第二透镜为圆形凸透镜时光线的传输情况，图2(b)为第二透镜为方形凸透镜时光线的传输情况。如图2(a)所示，当第二透镜为圆形凸透镜时，LED芯片出射的光经第一透镜收集和折射后进入第二透镜，经第二透镜收集和折射后形成圆形光斑，且各个圆形光斑之间重叠区域较大；如图2(b)所示，第二透镜为方形凸透镜时，LED芯片出射的光经第一透镜收集和折射后进入第二透镜，其中小角度的光线在对应的第二透镜中发生折射，而大角度的光线在相邻的第二透镜的出光面发生全内反射，无法从第二透镜的出光面出射，经第二透镜折射后形成的光斑为方形光斑，光束的发散角度较小，相邻方形光斑之间重叠较小。在本实施例中，多个第二透镜130优选一体成型，可以通过注塑或模压等方式制备而成。
投射透镜140的焦平面与第二透镜130出光面的最顶端所在的平面的距离为0～0.5mm，投射透镜140可将焦平面上的光分布投射至外部， 即投射透镜140可将多个第二透镜130出射的光投射至外部，形成由多个子照明光斑形成的照明图案。
为获得较多的子照明光斑，可以增加的LED芯片的数量，对应增设第一透镜和第二透镜的数量，将光整形成方向光斑的第二透镜可以采用一体成型，相比于现有技术中采用方棒阵列获得子照明光斑的方案，本申请易实现数量较多的子照明光斑；通过单独控制各LED芯片的开、关或者输入电流的强度，可以实现局部照明。
如图6所示，图6为照明装置100出射光的照度仿真图，图6(a)为所有LED芯片全部点亮时对应的照度分布图，不同子照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹，具有较高的均匀性；图6(b)为关闭或减小某一个或多个LED芯片的电流时对应的照明分布图，其可实现局部照明。
请进一步参阅图1，本实施例中，照明装置100还包括散热装置，多个LED芯片安装在散热装置150上，其中散热装置150包括基板151和设置在基板151上的散热片152。其中，基板151上可以设置多个并排且间隔设置的散热片152，从而提高散热效果。
请参阅图3，图3为本申请照明装置200的第二实施例的结构示意图。本实施例的照明装置200包括：多个LED芯片210、多个第一透镜220、多个第二透镜230、投射透镜240及扩散板260，其中，LED芯片210、第一透镜220、第二透镜230及投射透镜240与第一实施例所述一致，在此不再赘述。
在本实施例中，扩散板260设置在第二透镜230和投射透镜240之间的光路上，且扩散板260与第二透镜230的最顶端所在平面的距离为0.5～1mm，且扩散板设置在投射透镜240的焦平面上；通过以上设置，一方面扩散板260可以减少由于第一透镜220和/或第二透镜230造成的色散，另一方面扩散板260也可以增加相邻子照明光斑之间的均匀性，提高照明光图案的均匀性。
下文中参考图4来说明扩散板的扩散角度。图4(a)为光透过扩散板前后变化的示意图。当一束平行光入射至扩散板后，光的角分布被改变，出射光形成具有一定发散角的光束；图4(b)为入射平行光光强I平行经过光学扩散板扩散之后的出射光强I(θ)与角度θ之间的关系曲线， 扩散板的出射光的光强随角度变化。当角度为0时，其光强为I 0；当光强为0.5I 0时，其对应的角度为θ 0；将2θ 0定义为扩散板的扩散角度。
在实施例中，扩散板260的扩散角度为1度～6度，其一方面可以使得扩散板260对光具有较好的扩散效果，增强照明光图案的均匀性，另一方面可防止光束过度扩散，使相邻子光斑之间重叠较大。为进一步保证扩散板260的扩散效果及防止相邻子光斑之间的重叠且防止光损失较大，扩散板260的厚度为0.5～1mm。
通过以上设置，本实施例中的照明装置200出射的照明光图案具有更高的颜色均匀性和亮度均匀性，且同时具有高光效。
进一步的，本申请还提供了一种汽车照明装置，请参阅图5，图5是本申请提供的一种汽车照明装置的结构示意图。其中汽车照明装置300包括上述任一所述的照明装置330，还包括检测装置310和控制装置320，控制装置320可以与照明装置330电连接并对每一个LED芯片的发光情况进行单独控制，检测装置310用于检测照明装置330所对应的照明区域内是否有行人或者车辆，并识别具有行人或者车辆的照明区域所对应的LED芯片。
具体的，当汽车照明装置300在运行的过程中，检测装置310会对照明装置330的照明区域内的行人或者车辆进行检查，从而确定行人或者车辆在照明装置330的照明区域内的具体位置，进而可以确定行人或者车辆所处的照明区域所对应的LED芯片；当确定行人或者车辆所处的照明区域所对应的LED芯片后，检测装置310会向控制装置320发出检测信号，控制装置320接收检测信号后根据检测信号控制与行人或者车辆所处的照明区域所对应的LED芯片的发光情况，例如可以调节LED芯片的亮度，使得此LED芯片亮度下降或者直接关闭LED芯片使得此LED芯片停止发光。在此过程中，其余的LED芯片还是处于正常的照明状态。该检测装置310可以是毫米波雷达、激光雷达、可见光相机等。
因此，本实施例中汽车照明装置300可以在不影响照明装置330的正常照明的同时，通过控制装置320对单一的一个或者两个以上的LED芯片的发光情况进行控制，如图6(b)所述，可以实现局部照明，因此 可以避免在照明装置300发出的光对行人或者车辆驾驶员造成眩目等不良影响，提高行车安全。
综上所述，本申请通过使第二透镜的入光面的对角线的长度小于从第一透镜出射的光在第二透镜的入光面所在平面上的光斑直径且使多个第二透镜的入光面密排在同一平面上，使得多个子照明光斑之间不存在暗条纹。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的实施方式，并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围，凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种照明装置，其特征在于，所述照明装置包括：
    多个LED芯片；
    多个第一透镜，所述第一透镜和所述LED芯片一一对应设置，所述第一透镜设置在所述LED芯片的出光路径上；
    多个第二透镜，所述第二透镜包含一方形入光面和一曲面出光面，多个所述第二透镜的入光面密排在同一平面内，所述第二透镜与所述第一透镜一一对应设置，用于收集和准直所述第一透镜出射的光，所述第二透镜的入光面的对角线的长度小于从所述第一透镜出射的光在所述第二透镜的入光面所在平面上的光斑的直径；
    投射透镜，所述投射透镜设置在所述第二透镜的出光光路上，用于将所述第二透镜出射的光投射至前方道路上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二透镜的入光面的边长大于所述第一透镜的直径。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一透镜为玻璃材质。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述投射透镜的焦平面与所述第二透镜的出光面的最顶端所在的平面的距离为0～0.5mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述照明装置还包括扩散板，所述扩散板设置在所述第二透镜和所述投射透镜之间的光路上，且所述扩散板设置在所述投射透镜的焦平面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述扩散板的扩散角度为1度～6度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述扩散板与所述第二透镜之间的距离为0.5～1mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述照明装置还包括散热装置，所述多个LED芯片设置在散热装置 上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的照明装置，其特征在于：
    所述LED芯片出射光为白光。
  10. 一种汽车照明系统，其特征在于，所述汽车照明系统包括检测装置、控制装置以及如权利要求1-9任一项所述的照明装置，其中所述控制装置与所述照明装置电连接并对每一所述LED芯片进行单独控制，所述检测装置用于感应每一所述LED芯片所对应的照明区域中是否有车辆或者行人，若有，则向所述控制装置发出检测信号，所述控制装置根据所述检测信号控制相应的所述LED芯片降低亮度或者停止发光。
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