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WO2020175831A1 - 냉장고의 제어 방법 - Google Patents

냉장고의 제어 방법 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020175831A1
WO2020175831A1 PCT/KR2020/002077 KR2020002077W WO2020175831A1 WO 2020175831 A1 WO2020175831 A1 WO 2020175831A1 KR 2020002077 W KR2020002077 W KR 2020002077W WO 2020175831 A1 WO2020175831 A1 WO 2020175831A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrost
temperature
freezing
greenhouse
heat sink
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2020/002077
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
윤석준
임형근
이정훈
이호연
Original Assignee
엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 엘지전자 주식회사 filed Critical 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority to AU2020229251A priority Critical patent/AU2020229251B2/en
Priority to CN202080016543.6A priority patent/CN113474608B/zh
Priority to EP20763569.9A priority patent/EP3933332A4/en
Priority to US17/434,158 priority patent/US12222140B2/en
Publication of WO2020175831A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020175831A1/ko

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/04—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators specially adapted for storing deep-frozen articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/008—Defroster control by timer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F25D21/08—Removing frost by electric heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/023—Mounting details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/025—Removal of heat
    • F25B2321/0251—Removal of heat by a gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/06—Damage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2107—Temperatures of a Peltier element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/025—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures using primary and secondary refrigeration systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F25D17/065—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators with compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0682—Two or more fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2600/00—Control issues
    • F25D2600/02—Timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2600/00—Control issues
    • F25D2600/06—Controlling according to a predetermined profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F25D2700/122—Sensors measuring the inside temperature of freezer compartments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the control method of the refrigerator.
  • a refrigerator is a household appliance that stores food at low temperatures, a refrigerator for storing food in a refrigerated state in the range of 3°0 Celsius, and a freezer for storing food in a frozen state in the range of -20°C. Includes.
  • the cryogenic temperature can be understood as referring to a temperature in the range of -45°0 to -50°0.
  • thermoelectric element TEM: 13 ⁇ 4 1110£1 furnace module
  • Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 10-2018-0105572 (September 28, 2018) discloses a refrigerator in the form of a cooperative that stores the storage room at a temperature lower than the indoor temperature using a thermoelectric module. .
  • thermoelectric module disclosed in the preceding technology 1
  • thermoelectric module is configured to cool by exchanging heat with indoor air.
  • thermoelectric modules As the supply current increases, the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface tends to increase to a certain level.
  • the semiconductor resistance becomes As a result, the amount of heat generated by itself increases. Then, there is a problem that the heat absorbed from the heat absorbing surface cannot be quickly transferred to the heating surface.
  • thermoelectric element if the heating surface of the thermoelectric element is not sufficiently cooled, a phenomenon in which the heat transferred to the heating surface flows backward toward the heat absorption surface occurs, and the temperature of the heat absorption surface increases as well.
  • thermoelectric module In the case of the thermoelectric module disclosed in the preceding technology 1, since the heating surface is cooled by indoor air, there is a limit that the temperature of the heating surface cannot be lower than the indoor temperature.
  • thermoelectric module In order to do so, it is necessary to increase the supply current, which causes a problem of lowering the efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric module when the supply current is increased, the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface increases, resulting in a decrease in the cooling power of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric module since the storage chamber cooled by the thermoelectric module exists independently, the power supply to the thermoelectric module is cut off when the temperature of the storage chamber reaches a satisfactory temperature. do.
  • the storage compartment has a different temperature range such as a refrigerator compartment or a freezer compartment.
  • thermoelectric module In order to control the core greenhouse temperature in a structure accommodated in the refrigerating chamber, the output of the thermoelectric module and the output of the core greenhouse cooling fan cannot be controlled.
  • thermoelectric module Many experiments and studies have been conducted to overcome the limitations of these thermoelectric modules and to lower the temperature of the storage chamber to a temperature lower than that of the freezer by using the thermoelectric module. As a result, there has been an attempt to attach an evaporator through which the refrigerant flows to the heating surface in order to cool the heating surface of the thermoelectric module to a low temperature.
  • prior art 2 discloses only the structural content of employing an evaporator through which the refrigerant flows through the freezer expansion valve as a heat dissipation means or heat sink for cooling the heating surface of the thermoelectric element. There is no disclosure of how to control the output of the thermoelectric module according to the operating conditions.
  • thermoelectric module For example, in the case of prior art 2, the refrigeration chamber evaporator and the heat sink of the thermoelectric module
  • the control method of the preceding technology 2 has a disadvantage that it is difficult to apply to a system in which the freezing chamber evaporator and the heat sink are connected in series.
  • prior art 2 does not disclose a specific method of how to solve the problem caused by the water vapor generated in the process of defrosting the heart greenhouse and freezer.
  • the present invention aims to provide an operation control method for defrosting a refrigerator having a refrigerant circulation system in which a core greenhouse is accommodated in a freezing chamber and a heat sink and a freezing chamber evaporator are connected in series.
  • thermoelectric module the purpose of the thermoelectric module is to provide a control method of the refrigerator that can prevent the phenomenon that the moisture vapor generated during the cold sink defrosting process is attached to the heat sink and recondensed.
  • the purpose is to provide a control method of a refrigerator that can prevent condensation by being introduced and attached to the inner wall of the core greenhouse or the heat sink of the thermoelectric module.
  • a method of controlling a refrigerator for achieving the above object includes: a refrigerator compartment; a freezing compartment partitioned from the refrigerator compartment; a heart greenhouse accommodated in the freezing compartment and partitioned from the freezing compartment; A freezing evaporation chamber formed on the rear side of the greenhouse; A partition wall partitioning the freezing evaporation chamber and the freezing chamber; A freezing chamber evaporator accommodated in the freezing evaporation chamber and generating cool air for cooling the freezing chamber; a freezing chamber fan that drives the freezing evaporation chamber cold air to the freezing chamber; A thermoelectric module provided to cool the temperature of the greenhouse to a temperature lower than the temperature of the freezer; And a core greenhouse fan for forcibly flowing air inside the core greenhouse, wherein the thermoelectric module comprises, a heat absorbing surface facing the core greenhouse, and the A thermoelectric element including a heating surface defined as a surface opposite to the heat absorption surface, a cold sink in contact with the heat absorption surface and placed behind the core greenhouse, and a heat sink in contact with
  • a method of controlling a refrigerator is a step of determining whether or not the defrost cycle for the real freezing phase and the deep temperature real phase ⁇ !) has passed; when it is determined that the defrost cycle has elapsed, the deep temperature temperature.
  • the freezing chamber valve is closed to block the flow of cold air between the freezing chamber evaporator and the heat sink, and at least a portion of the freezing chamber defrost section and the core hot room defrost section are overlapped.
  • the heat sink and the freezer evaporator are connected in series, and the core greenhouse is housed in the freezer, so that the defrost of the thermoelectric module and the freezer evaporator can be effectively performed.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a refrigerant circulation system of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the freezer compartment and the core greenhouse structure of the refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing an efficiency relationship for an input voltage and a Fourier effect.
  • 6 is a graph showing a correlation between cooling power and efficiency according to voltage.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a reference temperature line for controlling a refrigerator according to a fluctuation in an internal load of a warehouse.
  • thermoelectric module 8 is a perspective view of a thermoelectric module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermoelectric module 9 is an exploded perspective view of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric module accommodation space viewed from the freezing evaporation chamber side.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the structure of the rear end of the core greenhouse equipped with a thermoelectric module.
  • FIG. 12 is a rear perspective view of a compartment provided with a defrost water discharge hole clogging means according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view of a compartment equipped with the defrost water distribution line pole clogging means.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a structure of a back heater connected to a cold sink according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a method for controlling a refrigeration actual phase operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the operating states of components constituting the refrigeration cycle over time when the heart greenhouse and the refrigeration chamber defrost are performed.
  • 17 is a flow chart showing a method of controlling a defrost operation of a freezer chamber and a core greenhouse of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermoelectric module 18 is a graph showing the temperature change of the thermoelectric module that changes with time while the core temperature room defrost operation is performed.
  • 19 is a control method for defrosting a core greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a flowchart showing a control method of a refrigerator to prevent frost build-up on the inner wall of the core greenhouse during a core greenhouse defrost operation.
  • Fig. 21 is a flowchart showing a method of controlling an actual freezing phase operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a storage room that can be cooled by a first cooling device and controlled to a predetermined temperature can be defined as the first storage room.
  • a storage room that is cooled by the second cooler and can be controlled to a lower temperature than the first storage room may be defined as the second storage room.
  • a storage room that can be cooled by a third cooler and controlled to a lower temperature than the second storage room may be defined as a third storage room.
  • the first cooler for cooling the first storage chamber may include at least one of a first evaporator and a first thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element.
  • the first evaporator may include a refrigerating chamber evaporator to be described later.
  • the second cooler for cooling the second storage chamber, a second evaporator,
  • At least one of the second thermoelectric modules including a thermoelectric element may be included.
  • the second evaporator may include a freezing chamber evaporator to be described later.
  • the third cooler for cooling the third storage chamber may include at least one of a third thermoelectric module including a third evaporator and a thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric module is used as a cooling means in the present specification
  • thermoelectric module can be applied by replacing the thermoelectric module with an evaporator, for example, as follows.
  • thermoelectric module'' or ⁇ Heat absorption surface of thermoelectric element''or'' 2020/175831 1 (:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • Endothermic side can be interpreted as “one side of the evaporator or evaporator”.
  • thermoelectric module means "cold sink of the thermoelectric module"
  • thermoelectric module means "supplying or shutting off the refrigerant to the evaporator", “controlled to open or close the switching valve", or “the compressor is on or off. It can be interpreted in the same sense as being controlled to be off.
  • thermoelectric module controls the constant voltage applied to the thermoelectric module to increase or decrease.
  • controlling to increase or decrease the amount or flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the evaporator means “controlling to increase or decrease the amount or flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the evaporator”, and “opening of the switching valve It can be interpreted in the same meaning as “controlling to increase or decrease” or “controlling to increase or decrease the compressor output”.
  • thermoelectric module controls the reverse voltage applied to the thermoelectric module to increase or decrease.
  • the “storage chamber cooled by the thermoelectric module” is defined as a storage chamber show, and “a fan located adjacent to the thermoelectric module so that the air inside the storage chamber show exchanges heat with the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric module. ”Can be defined as “Storage Showpan”.
  • the storage compartment cooled by the cooler while configuring the refrigerator together with the storage compartment show can be defined as a “storage compartment”.
  • the "cooler chamber” is defined as a space in which the cooler is located, and in the structure in which a fan for blowing cool air generated in the cooler is added, it is defined as including a space in which the fan is accommodated, and is blown by the fan.
  • a structure mainly with a flow path that guides cold air to the storage room or a flow path through which defrost water is distributed it can be defined as including the above flow paths.
  • a defrost heater located on one side of the cold sink can be defined as a cold sink defrost heater in order to remove frost and ice that has accumulated in the cold sink or its surroundings.
  • a defrost heater located at one side of the heat sink can be defined as a heat sink defrost heater in order to remove frost or ice that has accumulated on the heat sink or its surroundings.
  • a defrost heater located on one side of the cooler can be defined as a cooler defrost heater in order to remove frost or ice that has accumulated in the cooler or its surroundings.
  • a defrost heater located on one side of a wall surface forming the cooler chamber may be defined as a defrost heater in the cooler chamber.
  • a heater disposed on one side of the cold sink can be defined as a cold sink drain heater in order to minimize re-icing or re-freezing during the process of discharging the melted defrost water or steam from the cold sink or its surroundings.
  • a heater disposed on one side of the heat sink can be defined as a heat sink drain heater.
  • a heater disposed on one side of the cooler can be defined as a cooler drain heater in order to minimize re-icing or re-freezing during the process of discharging the melted defrost water or steam from the cooler or its surroundings.
  • a heater disposed on one side of the wall forming the cooler chamber is placed in the cooler chamber. It can be defined as a drain heater.
  • the "cold sink heater” to be described below can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of the cold sink defrost heater and the cold sink drain heater.
  • heat sink heater can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of the heat sink defrost heater and the heat sink drain heater.
  • the “cooler heater” can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of the cooler defrost heater and the cooler drain heater.
  • the "back heater” to be described below can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of the heat sink heater and the defrost heater in the cooler chamber. That is, the back heater.
  • the heater can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of a heat sink defrost heater, a heater sink drain heater, and a cooler chamber defrost heater.
  • the first storage chamber may include a refrigerating chamber that can be controlled by the temperature of the image by the first cooler.
  • the second storage chamber may include a freezing chamber that can be controlled to a subzero temperature by the second cooler.
  • the third storage chamber is cryogenic by the third cooler.
  • the "operation" of the refrigerator is an operation start condition or operation input condition.
  • Step (I) of judging whether or not it is satisfied step (II) in which a predetermined operation is performed when the driving input condition is satisfied, step (III) of determining whether the operation completion condition is satisfied, and operation completion If the conditions are satisfied, it can be defined as including the four operating stages, stage (IV), where the operation ends.
  • the “operation” for cooling the storage compartment of the refrigerator is a general operation and a special 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • control unit supplies cold air from the cooler of the storage compartment to cool the storage compartment. It is defined as controlling.
  • the general operation may include a refrigerating chamber cooling operation, a freezer cooling operation, a deep greenhouse cooling operation, and the like.
  • the special operation may mean an operation other than the operation defined as the general operation.
  • the special operation may include a defrost operation controlled to supply heat to the cooler in order to melt frost or ice deposited on the cooler due to the elapsed defrost cycle of the storage compartment.
  • the above special operation corresponds to at least one of the cases where the set time has elapsed from the point when the door of the storage room is opened and closed, or the temperature of the storage room has risen to the set temperature before the set time has elapsed. If this is satisfied, a load response operation may be further included in which cold air is supplied from the cooler to the storage compartment in order to remove the heat load penetrating the storage compartment.
  • the above load response operation is a door load response operation performed to remove the load that has penetrated into the storage room after opening and closing of the storage room door, and the load inside the storage room when power is applied for the first time after installing the refrigerator. It may include an initial cold start operation performed to remove the
  • the defrost operation may include at least one of a refrigeration actual defrost operation, a freezing actual defrost operation, and a deep greenhouse defrost operation.
  • the upper door load response operation may include at least one of a refrigerator compartment door load response operation, a freezing compartment door load response operation, and a core greenhouse load response operation.
  • the core greenhouse load response operation is performed when the load increases according to the opening of the core greenhouse door, the input conditions for the core greenhouse door load response, and when the core greenhouse is switched from off to the on state.
  • the removal of the heart greenhouse load is performed when at least one of the initial cold start operation input conditions performed to remove the load and the post-defrost operation input conditions that begin for the first time after the core greenhouse defrost operation is completed. It can be interpreted as meaning driving for.
  • Judging is to judge whether at least one of the conditions in which at least one of the freezer door and the core greenhouse door is opened and closed for a certain period of time elapses, or the condition in which the heart greenhouse temperature rises to the set temperature within a certain time period is satisfied.
  • This may include determining whether or not it has been converted.
  • the judgment of whether the conditions for inputting the operation after the core temperature room defrost are satisfied is to stop the cold sink heater off, the back heater off, the reverse voltage applied to the thermoelectric module for cold sink defrost, and the reverse voltage for cold sink defrost.
  • This may include stopping the constant voltage applied to the thermoelectric module for defrosting the heat sink after it is applied, raising the temperature of the housing containing the heat sink to the set temperature, and determining at least one during the actual shutdown of the freezing operation.
  • the storage room including at least one of the refrigerating chamber, the freezing chamber and the core greenhouse
  • the operation can be categorized into a storage room general operation and a storage room special operation.
  • the control unit can control one operation (operation is performed with priority and the other operation (pause)).
  • the collision of operation is: i) the input condition of operation A and the input condition of operation B are satisfied at the same time, and ii) operation while operation A is being performed because the input condition of operation A is satisfied.
  • iii) the input condition of operation A is satisfied and a collision occurs while the input condition of operation B is satisfied and operation B is being performed.
  • control unit determines the execution priority of the driving in conflict, and causes the so-called “collision control algorithm” to be executed to control the execution of the corresponding operation.
  • the stopped operation B can be controlled to follow at least one of the three cases in the example below after completion of operation A.
  • operation B is an operation that drives the fan for 10 minutes, and the operation is in conflict with operation A. If the operation is stopped at the point 3 minutes has elapsed after the start, it is judged again whether the driving simulation input conditions have been satisfied at the time operation A is completed,
  • operation B is an operation that drives the fan for W minutes, and the operation is stopped at the point 3 minutes has elapsed after the operation starts due to a collision with operation A, the compressor for 7 minutes remaining time immediately from the time operation A is completed. Let it drive more.
  • the priority of driving can be determined as follows.
  • the cooling operation of the refrigerating chamber (or freezing chamber) can be prioritized.
  • the cooling power lower than the maximum cooling power of the heart greenhouse cooler can be supplied from the heart greenhouse cooler to the heart greenhouse. have.
  • the above cooling power can mean at least one of the cooling capacity of the cooler itself and the air volume of the cooling fan located adjacent to the cooler.
  • the control unit, the refrigerator compartment If the (or freezer) cooling operation and the core greenhouse cooling operation collide, the refrigeration chamber (or freezer) cooling operation is prioritized, but a voltage lower than the maximum voltage that can be applied to the thermoelectric module is input to the thermoelectric module.
  • the control unit can control the refrigerating chamber door load response operation to be performed with priority.
  • the control unit can control the core greenhouse door load response operation to be performed with priority.
  • control unit can control the refrigerating chamber operation and the core greenhouse door load response operation to be performed simultaneously. It is possible to control so that the operation conversion process between operation and independent operation of the core greenhouse is performed repeatedly.
  • control unit can control the operation to be performed in the same manner as when the refrigerating chamber operation and the core greenhouse door load response operation collide when the operation input condition of the core greenhouse load response operation is satisfied.
  • the description is limited to a case where the first storage chamber is a refrigerating chamber, the second storage chamber is a freezing chamber, and the third storage chamber is a heart greenhouse.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circulation system in a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a refrigerant circulation system 10 includes a compressor 11 for compressing a refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant, and a refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11
  • a condenser 12 that condenses into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant discharged from the condenser 12 into a two-phase refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure, and the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve is evaporated into a gas refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator flows into the compressor 11.
  • the above components are connected to each other by a refrigerant pipe to form a closed circuit.
  • the expansion valve may include a refrigerator compartment expansion valve 14 and a freezer compartment expansion valve 15.
  • the refrigerant pipe is divided into two, and a refrigerant pipe divided into two.
  • the refrigerating chamber expansion valve 14 and the freezer compartment expansion valve 15 are respectively connected. That is, the refrigerator compartment expansion valve 14 and the freezer expansion valve 15 are connected in parallel at the outlet of the condenser 12.
  • a switching valve 13 is mounted at a point where the refrigerant pipe is divided into two at the outlet side of the condenser 12.
  • the condenser 12 passes through the condenser 12 by the opening degree control operation of the switching valve 13.
  • One refrigerant may flow through only one of the refrigerating compartment expansion valve (14) and the freezer compartment expansion valve (15), or divided into both sides.
  • the switching valve 13 may be a three-way valve, and the flow direction of the refrigerant is determined according to the operation mode.
  • one switching valve such as the three-way valve, is mounted at the outlet of the condenser 12 to It is also possible to control the flow direction of, and alternatively, a structure in which an opening/closing valve is mounted at the inlet side of the refrigerating compartment expansion valve 14 and the freezer compartment expansion valve 15 may be possible.
  • the evaporator As a first example of the evaporator arrangement method, the evaporator, a refrigerating chamber evaporator 16 connected to the outlet side of the refrigerating chamber expansion valve 14, and the freezing chamber
  • It may include a heat sink 24 and a freezer evaporator 17 connected in series connected to the outlet side of the expansion valve 15.
  • the heat sink 24 and the freezer evaporator 17 are connected in series, and the freezer expansion valve is connected in series. After passing through the heat sink (24) It flows into the freezing chamber evaporator (17).
  • the heat sink 24 is an evaporator, it is provided for the purpose of cooling the heating surface of the thermoelectric module to be described later, not for exchanging heat with the core greenhouse cooler.
  • a second refrigerant circulation system consisting of an expansion valve for cooling the refrigerator compartment, a condenser for cooling the refrigerator compartment, and a compressor for cooling the refrigerator compartment.
  • the condenser and the second refrigerant circulation system constituting the first refrigerant circulation system are possible.
  • the condensers constituting the condensers may be provided independently, or a complex condensers may be provided that are condensers consisting of a single unit but the refrigerant is not mixed.
  • the refrigerant circulation system of a refrigerator having two storage rooms including a core greenhouse may be configured only with the first refrigerant circulation system.
  • a condensing fan 121 is mounted in a place adjacent to the condenser 12
  • a refrigerating compartment fan 161 is mounted in a place adjacent to the refrigerating chamber evaporator 16
  • Freezer fan (1 unit) is installed.
  • a refrigerating chamber maintained at a refrigeration temperature by the cold air generated by the refrigerating chamber evaporator 16
  • a freezing chamber maintained at a refrigerating temperature by the cold air generated by the freezing chamber evaporator 16
  • thermoelectric module to be described later.
  • a heart chamber maintained at a cryogenic or ultra-low temperature (dee freezing)
  • the refrigerating chamber and the freezing chamber can be arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction or left and right directions, and are partitioned from each other by a partition wall.
  • the heart greenhouse may be provided on one side of the freezing chamber, but the present invention is the above.
  • the core greenhouse 202 includes the core greenhouse with a high thermal insulation performance. Can be partitioned from the freezer.
  • thermoelectric module includes a thermoelectric element 21 showing a characteristic of absorbing heat on one side and dissipating heat on the other side when power is supplied, and mounted on the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element 21 A cold sink (22) and the heating surface of the thermoelectric element (21) 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • It may include a heat sink (1 ! ⁇ ) and an insulating material 23 that blocks heat exchange between the cold sink 22 and the heat sink.
  • the heat sink 24 is in contact with the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21
  • thermoelectric element 21 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing inside the heat sink 24. As it flows along the inside of the heat sink 24, the heat generated by the thermoelectric element 21 The refrigerant absorbing heat from the surface flows into the freezing chamber evaporator 17.
  • a cooling fan may be provided in front of the cold sink 22, and the cooling fan may be defined as a core greenhouse fan 25 since the cooling fan is disposed at the rear inside the core greenhouse.
  • the cold sink 22 is disposed inside the heart greenhouse 202 and behind the
  • the cold sink 22 exchanges heat with the core greenhouse cooler. It absorbs heat through the heat absorbing surface and then functions to transfer it to the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element 21. The heat transferred to the heat absorbing surface is transferred to the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21.
  • the heat sink 24 has a function of re-absorbing heat that is absorbed from the heat absorption surface of the thermoelectric element 21 and transferred to the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21 to release it to the outside of the thermoelectric module 20 do.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of a freezing chamber and a core greenhouse of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an inner case 101 defining a freezing chamber 102, and a core-temperature refrigeration unit mounted on an inner side of the freezing chamber 102 ( 200).
  • the inside of the refrigerating chamber is maintained at about 3°C (: is maintained inside and outside the freezing chamber 102, the inside of the freezing chamber 102 is maintained at about -18° (: while the temperature inside the deep-temperature freezing unit 200), that is,
  • the internal temperature of the core greenhouse 202 should be maintained at about -50°0. Therefore, to maintain the internal temperature of the core greenhouse 202 at a cryogenic temperature of -50°, the same as the thermoelectric module 20 in addition to the freezer evaporator. Additional refrigeration means are required.
  • the core temperature and refrigeration unit 200 includes a core temperature case 201 forming a core greenhouse 202 inside, and a core greenhouse drawer 203 that is slidingly inserted into the core temperature case 201, And a thermoelectric module 20 mounted on the rear surface of the shim-on case 201.
  • the shim-on case 201 is connected to one side of the front side of the shim-on case 201, and the entire interior of the shim-on case 201 is configured as a food storage space.
  • a refrigeration evaporation chamber 104 in which the evaporator 17 is accommodated is formed.
  • the internal space of the inner case 101 is transferred to the refrigeration evaporation chamber 104 by the partition wall 103. It is divided into a freezing chamber 102.
  • the thermoelectric module 20 is fixedly mounted on the front surface of the upper planning wall 103, and partially is accommodated in the core greenhouse 202 through the core temperature case 201.
  • the heat sink 24 constituting the thermoelectric module 20 may be an evaporator connected to the freezing compartment expansion valve 15, as described above.
  • a space in which the heat sink 24 is accommodated may be formed in the partition wall 103.
  • thermoelectric element 21 When the rear surface of the thermoelectric element 21 is in contact with the front surface of the heat sink 24 and power is applied to the thermoelectric element 21, the rear surface of the thermoelectric element 21 becomes a heating surface.
  • thermoelectric element [160] The cold sink 22 is in contact with the front surface of the thermoelectric element, and the thermoelectric
  • thermoelectric element 21 When power is applied to the element 21, the front surface of the thermoelectric element 21 becomes a heat absorbing surface.
  • the cold sink 22 is a heat conduction plate made of an aluminum material, and the
  • a plurality of heat exchange fins extending from the front surface of the heat conduction plate may be included, and the plurality of heat exchange fins may be vertically extended and spaced apart in a horizontal direction.
  • the cold sink 22 is interpreted as a heat transfer member including the housing as well as the heat conductor. This applies equally to the heat sink 22, so that the heat sink 22 should be interpreted as a heat transfer member including a housing when a housing is provided, as well as a heat conductor consisting of a heat conduction plate and heat exchange fins. do.
  • the core greenhouse fan 25 is disposed in front of the cold sink 22, the
  • thermoelectric element [164] Hereinafter, the efficiency and cooling power of the thermoelectric element will be described.
  • thermoelectric module 20 can be defined as a coefficient of performance (C0P), and the efficiency equation is as follows.
  • thermoelectric module 20 can be defined as follows.
  • thermoelectric element distance between heat absorbing surface and heating surface
  • thermoelectric element The area of the thermoelectric element
  • Tc temperature of the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element
  • the first term on the right can be defined as the Peltier Effect, and the amount of heat transferred between both ends of the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface due to the voltage difference.
  • the Peltier effect is a current function and increases in proportion to the supply current.
  • thermoelectric element acts as a resistance
  • the resistance can be regarded as a constant, it can be said that voltage and current are in a proportional relationship, that is, if the voltage applied to the thermoelectric element 21 increases, the current also increases. Therefore, the Peltier effect can be seen as a current function. It can also be seen as a function of voltage.
  • the cooling power can also be seen as a function of current or voltage.
  • the effect acts as a plus effect that increases the cooling power; that is, when the supply voltage increases, the Peltier effect increases and the cooling power increases.
  • the Joule effect means the effect of generating heat when a current is applied to the resistor. In other words, since heat is generated when power is supplied to the thermoelectric element, this acts as a negative effect of reducing the cooling power. Therefore, as the voltage supplied to the thermoelectric element increases, the Joule effect increases, resulting in lowering the cooling power of the thermoelectric element. Bring it.
  • the Fourier effect means an effect of heat transfer due to heat conduction when a temperature difference occurs on both sides of a thermoelectric element.
  • the thermoelectric element includes a heat absorbing surface and a heating surface made of a ceramic substrate, and a semiconductor disposed between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface.
  • a voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element, a temperature difference occurs between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface.
  • the heat absorbed through the heat absorbing surface passes through the semiconductor and is transferred to the heating surface.
  • heat flows back from the heating surface to the heat absorbing surface due to heat conduction. Occurs, and this is called the Fourier effect.
  • thermoelectric element when the supply current increases, the temperature difference (I ⁇ ,) between the heat generating surface and the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element increases, resulting in a decrease in cooling power.
  • the Fourier effect can be defined as a function of the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heat generating surface, i.e.
  • thermoelectric element As the supply voltage (or current) increases, the cooling power increases, which can be explained by the above cooling power equation. Since the value is fixed, it becomes a constant. Since the above value for each standard of the thermoelectric element is determined, it is possible to set an appropriate standard for the thermoelectric element according to the required value.
  • Peltier effect can be seen as a first-order function of voltage (or current) and a Joule effect, that can be seen as a second-order function of voltage (or current).
  • the increase is greater than the increase of the Joule effect, which is the second function of voltage, and consequently, the cooling power increases.
  • the function of the Joule effect is close to a constant, so that the cooling power approaches the linear function of the voltage. It shows the form of doing.
  • the supply voltage is in the range of about 30 to 4, more
  • the cooling power is maximum when it is about 35 ⁇ . Therefore, if only the cooling power is considered, it can be said that it is good to have a voltage difference within the range of 30 to 40 ⁇ in the thermoelectric element.
  • 5 is a graph showing an efficiency relationship between an input voltage and a Fourier effect.
  • the efficiency (C0P) is a function of not only cooling power but also input power
  • input (Pe) is a function of V 2 when the resistance of the thermoelectric element 21 is considered as a constant. Cooling power is V 2 When divided, the efficiency can eventually be expressed as the Peltier effect-Fourier effect.
  • 6 is a graph showing a correlation between cooling power and efficiency according to voltage.
  • thermoelectric element with an AT of 30 O C it can be confirmed that the efficiency of the thermoelectric element is the highest within the range of approximately 12V to 17V in the voltage difference applied to the thermoelectric element.
  • the cooling power continues to increase within the range of. Therefore, considering the cooling power together, a voltage difference of at least 12V or more is required, and when the voltage difference is 14V, it can be seen that the efficiency is maximum.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a reference temperature line for controlling a refrigerator according to a change in a high internal load.
  • the set temperature of each storage room is defined as a notch temperature.
  • the reference temperature line may be expressed as a critical temperature line.
  • the lower reference temperature line is the reference temperature line that divides the satisfaction and dissatisfaction temperature regions. Therefore, the region below the lower reference temperature line (which is defined as a satisfaction region or a satisfaction region, and the lower reference temperature Priority area (satisfied with blood and silver) It can be defined as a section or an area of dissatisfaction.
  • the upper reference temperature line is a reference temperature line that divides the unsatisfactory temperature region and the upper limit temperature region. Therefore, the upper reference temperature line region (C) can be defined as an upper limit region or an upper limit section, and special operation It can be seen as an area.
  • the lower reference temperature line when defining a satisfaction/dissatisfaction/upper temperature range for refrigerator control, the lower reference temperature line may be defined as either a case to be included in a satisfaction temperature range or a case to be included in a dissatisfaction temperature range.
  • the upper reference temperature line can be defined as one of a case to be included in the unsatisfied temperature range and a case to be included in the upper limit temperature range.
  • FIG 7(a) shows the reference temperature line for controlling the refrigerator according to the temperature change of the refrigerator compartment.
  • the notch temperature (N1) of the refrigerator compartment is set to the temperature of the image.
  • the refrigerator compartment temperature is the notch temperature.
  • the first temperature difference (dl) is a temperature value increased or decreased from the notch temperature (N1) of the refrigerating chamber, and defines a temperature section in which the refrigerating chamber temperature is considered to be maintained at the notch temperature (N1), which is a set temperature. It can be defined as a control differential or a control diffetial temperature, which can be approximately 1.5 days.
  • d2 may be 4.5 O C.
  • the first dissatisfaction critical temperature may be defined as the upper input temperature.
  • the second dissatisfaction temperature (N14) is lower than the first dissatisfaction temperature (N13),
  • the third temperature difference d3 may be 3.0 O C.
  • the second unsatisfactory threshold temperature N14 may be defined as an upper limit release temperature.
  • the shape of the reference temperature line for freezer temperature control is the same as the shape of the reference temperature line for refrigerator room temperature control, but the amount of change in temperature increasing or decreasing from the notch temperature word2) and the notch temperature word2) ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 )To the notch temperature of this refrigerator compartment) and temperature
  • [23 is the freezing chamber notch temperature 2) may be -18°0 as described above, but
  • control differential temperature (1) which defines the temperature range that is considered to be maintained at the set temperature, the notch temperature word2), can be 2 days.
  • the special operation algorithm is terminated when the freezer temperature drops to the second dissatisfaction threshold temperature (upper limit release temperature) 24), which is lower than the first dissatisfaction temperature word 23) by the third temperature difference 3). Adjust the compressor cooling power so that the temperature of the freezer is lowered to the second satisfaction critical temperature 22).
  • the reason the temperature line is applied is because the core greenhouse is inside the freezing chamber.
  • the first and second satisfaction critical temperatures and the first and second unsatisfactory critical temperatures are also critical for freezer temperature control.
  • the temperature is set equal to 21 22 23 24).
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a reference temperature line for controlling a refrigerator according to a change in the heart greenhouse temperature when the heart greenhouse mode is turned on.
  • Temperature word 3) is set to a significantly lower temperature than freezing chamber notch temperature 2), and may be about -45°0--55° (:, preferably -55° (:).
  • the core greenhouse notch temperature It can be said that 3) corresponds to the heat absorbing surface temperature of the thermoelectric element (21), and the freezing chamber notch temperature 2) corresponds to the temperature of the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21.
  • the temperature of the heating surface of the thermoelectric element (21) in contact with the sink (24) is maintained at least at a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the refrigerant that has passed through the freezer expansion valve. Therefore, the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface of the thermoelectric element, i.e.! Becomes 32 ⁇ (:.
  • control differential temperature (B) which defines the temperature range in which the core greenhouse is considered to be maintained at the set temperature, which is the notch temperature 3), is higher than the freezer freezer control differential temperature: 1). It can be set, for example, it can be 3 ⁇ (:.
  • the second temperature difference ⁇ 12) can be 5 (:).
  • the second temperature difference of the core greenhouse is higher than 12) the second temperature difference of the freezing chamber.
  • the gap between the first dissatisfaction critical temperature word 33) for the deep greenhouse temperature control and the deep greenhouse notch temperature word 3) is the first dissatisfaction critical temperature word 23) and the freezing chamber notch temperature word for freezer temperature control. 2) It is set larger than the interval.
  • the execution frequency of special operation algorithms such as load response operation may be excessively high.
  • the second temperature difference (1112) of the core greenhouse it is recommended to set the second temperature difference (1112) of the core greenhouse to be larger than the second temperature difference (2) of the freezer.
  • the content that is said to be performed is among the number of conditions above at the time the control unit judges. 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • thermoelectric module 8 is a perspective view of a thermoelectric module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric module 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention is, as described above, the thermoelectric element 21 and the cold contacting the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element 21
  • a sink 22, a heat sink 24 in contact with the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21, and an insulating material 23 for blocking heat transfer between the cold sink 22 and the heat sink 24 may be included.
  • thermoelectric module 20 may further include a core greenhouse fan 25 disposed in front of the cold sink 22.
  • thermoelectric module 20 may further include a defrost sensor 26 mounted on a heat exchange fin of the cold sink 22 to sense the temperature of the cold sink 22.
  • the defrost sensor ( 26) detects the surface temperature of the cold sink 22 during the defrosting process and transmits it to the control unit, so that the control unit can determine when the defrost is completed.
  • the control unit functions based on the temperature value transmitted from the defrost sensor 26. It is also possible to judge whether the defrost is defective.
  • thermoelectric module 20 may further include a housing 27 accommodating the heat sink 24.
  • the housing 27 may be made of a material having lower thermal insulation performance than the core-on case 201. have.
  • a heat conductor consisting of a heat conduction plate and a heat exchange pin
  • the heat sink 24 may be interpreted as having a structure including the heat conductor and the housing 27.
  • a heat sink receiving unit (2 units) having a size corresponding to the thickness and area of the heat sink 245 may be recessed.
  • a number of fastening bosses 272 may protrude from the edge.
  • the member 272 passes through both sides of the cold sink 22 and is inserted into the fastening boss 272, so that the components constituting the thermoelectric module 20 are assembled in a single body.
  • the inlet pipe 241 through which the refrigerant flows into the side edge of the heat sink 24 and the refrigerant leaks out.
  • the outlet pipe 242 may be extended.
  • a pipe passage hole 273 through which the inlet pipe 241 and the outlet pipe 242 pass may be formed.
  • thermoelectric element receiving hole 231 corresponding to the size of the thermoelectric element 21 is formed in the center of the insulating material 23.
  • the thickness of the insulating material 23 is It is formed thicker than the thickness, and a portion of the rear surface of the cold sink 22 may be inserted into the thermoelectric element receiving hole 231.
  • thermoelectric module 20 a cold sink 22 and a heat sink 24 constituting the thermoelectric module 20 are Since it is maintained at a temperature, frost or ice may grow on the surface, causing a problem of deteriorating heat exchange performance.
  • the heat sink 24 functions as a radiator that cools the heating surface of the thermoelectric element 21, but the refrigerant flowing inside Since the temperature is maintained at around -20 O C, freezing occurs on the surface of the heat sink 24 as well.
  • thermoelectric module the operation of melting ice or frost generated in the thermoelectric module is defined as the core greenhouse defrost operation, and the defrost operation in the deep greenhouse is performed by cold sink defrost and heat sink defrost. It is defined as including.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged perspective view showing the appearance of the thermoelectric module accommodation space viewed from the refrigeration evaporation chamber side
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional view showing the structure of the rear end of the core greenhouse equipped with the thermoelectric module.
  • the freezing chamber 102 and the freezing evaporation chamber 104 are partitioned by a partition wall 103, and the core temperature and refrigeration unit 200 The rear surface is in close contact with the front surface of the planar wall 103.
  • the above plan wall 103 includes a grill pan 51 exposed to the freezer cooler, and a shroud 56 attached to the rear surface of the grill pan 51 can do.
  • a module sleeve 53 is formed protruding apart from each other, and a module sleeve 53 is protruded on the front surface of the grill fan 51 corresponding to between the freezer compartment side discharge grills 511 and 512.
  • the thermoelectric module is formed inside the module sleeve 53. (20)
  • a thermoelectric module receiving portion 531 is formed.
  • a flow guide 532 may be provided in a cylindrical shape or a polygonal shape inside the module sleeve 53, and the inside of the flow guide 532 is a fan grille part ( 536) can be divided into a front space and a rear space. A number of air passage holes may be formed in the fan grill part 536.
  • the core greenhouse side discharge grills 533 and 534 may be formed respectively.
  • the core greenhouse fan 25 may be accommodated inside the flow guide 532 corresponding to the rear of the fan grill part 536.
  • the flow flow corresponding to the space in front of the fan grill part 536 may be accommodated.
  • the guide 532 serves to guide the flow of cool air so that the core greenhouse coolant is sucked into the core greenhouse fan 25. That is, the fan grill unit 536 is introduced into the inner space of the flow guide 532 and is drawn into the inner space of the flow guide 532.
  • the cold air that has passed through is discharged in the radial direction of the core greenhouse fan 25 to exchange heat with the cold sink 22.
  • the cold air that is cooled while exchanging heat with the cold sink 22 and flows in the vertical direction is at the core greenhouse side. It is discharged back to the core greenhouse through discharge grills (533, 534).
  • thermoelectric module receiving part 531 is a rear end of the flow guide 532 (or
  • the housing 27 accommodating the heat sink 24 protrudes from the rear surface of the upper planning wall 103 to be placed in the freezing and evaporation chamber 104. Accordingly, the housing 27 has The rear surface is exposed to the cold air of the refrigeration evaporation chamber 104, so that the surface temperature of the housing 27 is substantially maintained at a temperature equal to or similar to that of the cold air in the refrigeration evaporation chamber.
  • thermoelectric module receiving portion 531 the thermoelectric module receiving portion 531
  • thermoelectric element 21 and the heat sink 24 are inside the housing 27 It consists of a structure that is accommodated in
  • thermoelectric module receiving portion 531 is directed downward toward either side
  • a depression for mounting the defrost water guide 30 may be formed at the lowest point of the bottom part 535.
  • the defrost water guide 30 is fitted in the recessed portion and performs a drainage hole function to guide the defrost water generated during the core temperature room defrost operation to flow down to the bottom of the refrigeration evaporation chamber 104.
  • thermoelectric module receiving part 531 It should be discharged to the outside of the thermoelectric module receiving part 531 along the guide 30.
  • the cold sink heater 40 is bent many times on the bottom portion 535
  • the main heater 41 and the guide heater 42 may have one heater. Although it may be formed by bending multiple diffractions, it is not excluded that a separate heater is provided separately.
  • the heart greenhouse temperature and the freezing evaporation chamber temperature increase from the normal heart greenhouse temperature and the freezing evaporation chamber temperature.
  • the heart greenhouse internal temperature and the freezing chamber temperature increase.
  • the freezing evaporation chamber temperature is still maintained at a temperature significantly lower than the freezing temperature.
  • the temperature inside the core greenhouse is lower than that of the freezing evaporation chamber.
  • the moisture vapor floating in the heart-temperature room may flow into the freezer evaporation room through the defrost guide.
  • FIG. 12 is a rear perspective view of a compartment provided with a defrost water discharge hole clogging means according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of the compartment provided with the defrost water discharge hole clogging means.
  • the partition wall according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a grill pan 51 and a shroud 52, as described above.
  • the grill fan 51 substantially comprises the freezing chamber 102 and the freezing evaporation chamber 104
  • the shroud 52 is coupled to the rear surface of the grill pan 51, approximately
  • a freezer fan mounting hole 522 may be formed in the center.
  • a freezing chamber fan (1 unit: see Fig. 1) is mounted in the mounting hole 522 to suck in cold air in the freezing evaporation chamber 104.
  • the shroud 52 may include an upper discharge guide 523 and a lower discharge guide 524.
  • the shroud 52 When the shroud 52 is coupled to the rear surface of the grill pan 51, it is connected to the freezer compartment side discharge grills 511 and 512 formed on the grill pan 51, respectively. Therefore, the freezing compartment
  • the cold air discharged from the fan (1 unit) is supplied to the freezing chamber 102 while flowing along the upper discharge guide 523 and the lower discharge guide 524.
  • thermoelectric module 20 On the other hand, on one side of the shroud 52, constituting the thermoelectric module 20
  • a housing receiving hole 521 into which the housing 27 is inserted may be formed.
  • the housing receiving hole 521 may be understood as a cutout for preventing interference with the thermoelectric module 20.
  • thermoelectric in a state in which the shroud 52 is coupled to the grill pan 51, the thermoelectric
  • a back heater seating portion 525 may be formed in a portion of the shroud 52 corresponding to a bottom portion 535 of the module receiving portion 531 and an area shielding the defrost guide 30.
  • the back heater seating part 525 may be formed at a lower end of the housing receiving hole 521.
  • the back heater seating portion 525 may be defined as a surface protruding rearward than the lower discharge guide 524. The back heater seating portion 525 and the lower portion discharged.
  • a guide through hole 526 may be formed in a step portion formed between the rear surfaces of the guide 525.
  • the back heater 43 may be seated in the back heater seating part 525.
  • the back heater seating portion 525 When power is applied to the back heater 43, the back heater seating portion 525 is heated. When the back heater seating portion 525 is heated, the back heater seating portion 525 and its surroundings 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • the back heater 43 and the cold sink heater 40 may be independent heaters different from each other, and may be designed to enable independent on-off control by a control unit. However, although they are independent heaters, they can be controlled to be turned on or off at the same time.
  • FIG. 14 shows a structure of a back heater connected to a cold sink according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bag heater 43 may be formed in a structure combined with the defrost heater 40, a connected structure, or a single body structure.
  • the back heater 43 combined with the cold sink heater 40 is divided into a main heater 41, a guide heater 42 and a back heater 43 by bending a single heater many times.
  • the cold sink heater 40 may be divided into a main heater, a guide heater, and a back heater.
  • the cold sink heater 40 and the back heater 43 having this structure can be controlled to be turned on at the same time and turned off at the same time. However, it is not limited thereto and may be independently controlled to be turned on or off.
  • the refrigerant chamber valve When the refrigeration chamber starts operation, the refrigerant chamber valve is closed and the refrigerant supply to the refrigerant chamber evaporator is stopped.
  • supply interruption through the opening degree of the refrigerant valve control or the compressor operation is performed. This is how the cooling cycle itself enters the rest period by stopping.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a method of controlling a refrigeration actual phase operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • control unit determines whether or not the first refrigeration actual phase operation condition is satisfied ( ⁇ 20).
  • the first refrigeration actual defrost operation condition (or the first natural defrost mode) may be defined as a condition for determining whether a general defrost operation condition has occurred.
  • the refrigerating compartment fan In the first stage of the defrost operation, the refrigerating compartment fan is driven at low speed, and the speed of the refrigerating compartment fan can be set to a lower speed than the speed of the refrigerating compartment fan applied in the refrigerating compartment general cooling operation mode.
  • the control unit judges whether the conditions for completing the first stage of the defrost operation are satisfied ( ⁇ 40).
  • the temperature detected by the cold storage defrost sensor attached to the refrigerating chamber evaporator is the set temperature. (1 ! )In case of abnormality, when the conditions for completion of the defrost operation in the freezer are satisfied, and the set time from the time when the first stage of the defrost operation starts )If at least one of the above cases is satisfied, the condition for completion of the first stage of the defrost operation above can be set to be satisfied.
  • the above setting temperature (1 ⁇ ) is 3 degrees, and the above setting time (,) can be 8 hours, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the control unit makes the second stage of the defrost operation immediately executed ( ⁇ 50).
  • control unit checks whether the conditions for completion of step 2 of the defrost operation are satisfied.
  • Judgment 160 In detail, if it is judged that the temperature of the refrigerator compartment has entered the satisfactory temperature range shown in Fig. 7 during the normal operation (as shown in Fig. 7), it can be set to satisfy the conditions for completing the second stage of the defrost operation.
  • control unit allows the third step of the defrost operation to be performed immediately 170).
  • the refrigerating compartment fan is controlled to run at low speed.
  • the control unit checks whether the conditions for completing the third stage of the defrost operation are satisfied.
  • the cold storage room is finished.
  • the second refrigeration actual phase operation conditions (or the second natural defrost mode) are satisfied ( ⁇ 21).
  • the operating conditions can be defined as conditions for determining whether defrost is not normally performed due to a defrost sensor failure, etc. In this case, the defrost operation is forced to be performed.
  • the second refrigeration actual phase operation condition can be set to be satisfied.
  • the above set time ()) Is 4 hours, and the set temperature (I ⁇ ) above may be -5 ⁇ (:, but is not limited thereto.
  • the control unit of the refrigerator is “storage room show defrosting operation” for defrosting the thermoelectric module of the storage room show and storage room: “storage room B defrosting” It features control so that “operation” is performed so that it is superimposed in at least some sections.
  • thermoelectric module and storage room of the storage room show: In a system in which the coolers of 8 are connected in series (hereinafter, "serial system"), the control unit “storage room show defrost operation” and “storage room ⁇ defrost operation” are at least some sections. It can be controlled to be nested in.
  • thermoelectric module The reason is that, while the temperature of the cold sink of the thermoelectric module is increased by applying a reverse voltage to the thermoelectric module for "defrost operation in the storage room show," the storage compartment shows when refrigerant flows into the cooler of the storage compartment. This is because heat loss may occur in the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8, which may lower the defrost efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
  • the cold sink communication type at least one of the cold sink (including the heat conductor itself or the heat transfer member combined with the heat conductor and housing) of the storage chamber show and the defrost water guide of the storage chamber show: 6 It communicates with the cooler chamber (eg, freezer evaporation chamber) of, or the storage chamber: refers to a structure exposed to cold in the cooler chamber of 8.
  • the "cold sink non-communicative structure” refers to a structure that is adjacent to the wall forming the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8, but is not sufficiently insulated from the wall forming the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8.
  • thermoelectric module increase while the temperature of the cold sink of the thermoelectric module increases by applying a reverse voltage to the thermoelectric module for “defrost operation in storage room show” This is because if refrigerant flows into the cooler of the storage compartment: 8 that is not sufficiently insulated, heat loss may occur in the cooler chamber of the storage compartment: 8 in the storage compartment show, and the defrosting efficiency of the thermoelectric module may decrease.
  • the defrost water guide may freeze and block.
  • the present invention is the above “serial system", the above “cold sink communication structure” and the above “cold
  • thermoelectric module and the freezer chamber for defrosting the core greenhouse and the freezing chamber
  • thermoelectric module provided for cooling the deep green house, a cold sink 22 and a heat
  • the heat sink 24 in the form of an evaporator and the freezing chamber evaporator 17 are connected in series by a refrigerant pipe.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the heat sink (24) and the freezer chamber evaporator (17) is a two-phase, low-temperature, low-pressure state in the range of -30°0 to -20°0 ⁇ 0!
  • the temperature of the cold sink 22 drops to -50°0 or less, and the heat sink 23 is set by the standard of the thermoelectric element as much as ⁇ ! Maintain a temperature difference with the sink 22. For example, if the heat of the thermoelectric element used is 30° (:, the heat sink 23 is maintained at a temperature of about -20°0).
  • the heat sink 23 functions as a radiator that receives heat from the heating surface of the thermoelectric element and transfers it to the refrigerant, but is maintained at a temperature significantly lower than the freezing temperature.
  • thermoelectric module As the operating time of the thermoelectric module increases, frost and ice may be formed not only in the cold sink but also in the heat sink, resulting in deterioration of the performance of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric element for cooling the core greenhouse, heat can be quickly transferred from the heating side of the thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric element It should be discharged to the outside so that the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface of the thermoelectric element (the switch is maintained below a certain level. To do this, the compressor is driven and the heat transferred to the heating surface of the thermoelectric element is transferred through the refrigerant of the heat sink) It must be released quickly.
  • thermoelectric element is not properly radiated, so the temperature of the heating surface rises rapidly. Due to the characteristics of the thermoelectric element that does not increase abnormally, if the temperature of the heating surface rises excessively, the temperature of the heat absorbing surface also increases, and the load in the heart greenhouse rather increases.
  • thermoelectric element (science efficiency ⁇ is all lowered).
  • thermoelectric element When the core temperature room defrost operation is performed, the heating surface of the thermoelectric element functions as a heat absorbing surface
  • the moisture vapor that flows into the freezer evaporator from the heartbeat can lead to a flaking wound that only attaches to one side of the freezer evaporator. If a flaking phenomenon occurs in the freezer evaporator, the defrost sensor of the freezer evaporator detects it properly. You can't. Then, the defrosting operation cannot be performed despite the need for the actual freezing operation, resulting in a decrease in the heat absorption function of the freezing chamber evaporator, resulting in a delay in cooling the freezing chamber.
  • thermoelectric element for the realization of the core, the heat absorbing surface temperature increases to the temperature of the image, and the ice attached to the cold sink of the thermoelectric element is melted. At this time, in order to maintain the speed determined by the specifications of the thermoelectric element, the temperature of the heating surface of the thermoelectric element to which the heat sink is attached must also increase.
  • thermoelectric element 30 The temperature cannot be increased above the heat sink temperature, and as a result, the temperature difference between the heating surface and the heat absorbing surface increases, resulting in a decrease in the cooling power and efficiency of the thermoelectric element at the same time.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the operating states of the components constituting the refrigeration cycle over time when the heart greenhouse and the freezing chamber defrost is performed
  • FIG. 17 is a defrost operation of the freezer compartment and the heart greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention This is a flowchart showing the control method.
  • avoidance of the defrost operation section can be further divided into a deep cooling section 61) in which deep cooling is performed and a defrost section 62) in which a full-scale defrost operation is performed.
  • control unit judges whether or not the defrost cycle 00: More & 0) has elapsed during the normal cooling operation 210).
  • the control unit judges whether the ventricle greenhouse mode is on or not 220). This is because the defrost cycle of the freezer compartment is set differently depending on the on/off state of the ventricle greenhouse mode.
  • the control unit determines whether the first freezing chamber defrost cycle has elapsed 230), and the ventricle greenhouse mode is turned off.
  • the step of judging whether the defrost cycle of storage room: 8 has elapsed can be replaced with the step of judging whether the defrost cycle of the storage room show has elapsed.
  • the defrost cycle of the freezing chamber is determined as follows.
  • the initial defrost cycle can mean a defrost cycle given for a situation in which the refrigerator is installed and turned on for the first time, or the ventricle greenhouse mode is turned on from an off state.
  • the general defrost cycle is for situations in which the refrigerator is operated in the general cooling mode.
  • variable defrost cycle is a value that can be reduced or canceled depending on the operating condition of the refrigerator.
  • variable defrost cycle refers to the time to be reduced (shortened) or released according to a certain rule whenever a change occurs, such as opening or closing a freezer door or a load being put into the warehouse.
  • variable defrost cycle When the variable defrost cycle is released, it means that the variable defrost cycle value is not applied to the defrost cycle time. That is, the variable defrost cycle is zero.
  • the condition for reducing or shortening the variable defrost cycle may be set so that the variable defrost cycle is reduced in proportion to the open holding time of the freezer door. For example, if the freezer door has been kept open for a certain amount of time. , The variable defrost cycle value that is reduced per unit time (second) can be set.
  • variable defrost cycle value is reduced by 35 minutes from the initial set value, i.e., the longer the freezer open time is, the shorter the defrost operation cycle becomes, and thus defrosts more than the initial set cycle. It means that driving is performed more often.
  • variable defrost cycle release condition can be set as follows.
  • Condition 1 In case of inserting the refrigeration core and freezing core
  • the above condition means a case where both the refrigerating chamber valve and the freezing chamber valve are open.
  • Condition 2 Depth of refrigeration After closing, when the refrigeration core temperature rises above the control temperature (ex: 8o or more) within the cooldown time (ex: 20 minutes ' ).
  • the above setting time of 20 minutes does not exceed one example and can be set to a different value.
  • the control temperature is at the notch temperature shown in Fig. 7), at the first satisfaction threshold 1), and at the second. It can mean any one of 2) to a satisfactory critical temperature.
  • the set temperature 8o(: is not past one example and can be set to a different value.
  • condition compressor yeosok distributors sigayi island time (a).
  • the set time 2 hours does not exceed one example, and may be set to a different value.
  • the above setting time of 2 hours does not exceed one example, and may be set to a different value.
  • Condition 7 Depth of Freezing After closing, at least within the time limit (ex: 5 minutes ' ). In the case where the core temperature reaches the upper limit temperature range, and. In the case when the surface temperature rises above 5°, at least. When one is satisfied or satisfied
  • the above condition 7 is the same as the input condition for the core greenhouse load response operation (or the core greenhouse load removal operation), and the setting time 5 minutes and the setting temperature 5 ⁇ (: can be set to different values. To be set to Can
  • This control unit has multiple indoor temperature zones according to the indoor temperature range.
  • Temperature Zone may be stored. For example, as shown in Table 1 below, it can be subdivided into 8 indoor temperature zones (RT Zones) according to the indoor temperature range, but is limited to this. It is not.
  • the temperature range zone with the highest indoor temperature can be defined as RT Zone K or Z1), and the temperature range zone with the lowest indoor temperature can be defined as RT Zone 8 (or Z8).
  • the indoor temperature zones can be grouped into large, medium, and sub-classes. For example, as shown in Table 1 above, the indoor temperature zones can be classified as indoor conditions. Depending on the temperature range, it can be defined as a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone (or a comfortable zone), and a high-temperature zone.
  • the operation input condition corresponding to the deep greenhouse load is a variable defrost cycle release condition and is not added to the final defrost cycle calculation, i.e., the final calculated defrost cycle becomes shorter than the initially set defrost cycle.
  • the point at which the defrost cycle finally calculated by considering the input conditions for the core greenhouse load response operation elapses may coincide with the point when the conditions for inputting the core greenhouse load response operation are satisfied.
  • the point at which the defrost operation input condition is satisfied due to the lapse of 34 cycles is different, the point at which the defrost operation input condition is satisfied can be performed with priority from the quick operation.
  • the defrost operation can be performed after the defrost cycle has elapsed.
  • the initial defrost cycle included in the defrost cycle may be the same.
  • the initial defrost cycle may be 4 hours, but is not limited thereto.
  • the general defrost cycle included in the first freezing actual defrost cycle may be set to be shorter than the general defrost cycle included in the second freezing chamber defrost cycle.
  • the general defrost cycle included in the first freezing actual defrost cycle may be set to 5 hours.
  • the general defrost cycle included in the second freezing actual defrost cycle may be set to 7 hours, but is not limited thereto.
  • variable defrost cycle included in the first freezer actual defrost cycle may also be set to be shorter than the variable defrost cycle included in the second freezer actual bed cycle.
  • the variable defrost cycle included in the first freezer actual bed cycle is time (the freezer door is approximately It can be set as the time shortened when it is opened for 85 seconds), and the variable defrost cycle included in the second freezing actual defrost cycle can be set as 36 hours (the time shortened when the freezer door is opened for about 308 seconds), but this is limited to no.
  • the conditions for shortening (reducing) the fluctuating defrost cycle included in the condition task 2 actual refrigeration cycle may be set identically or differently.
  • variable defrost cycle release condition included in the first refrigeration actual defrost cycle may include conditions 1 to 7 above, and the variable defrost cycle release condition included in the second refrigeration actual defrost cycle is, the conditions 1 to 4 and May contain 8.
  • condition 8 is not included in the first freezing actual defrost cycle is to prevent an increase in power consumption due to too frequent defrost operation in the low temperature region.
  • the first freezing actual phase period may be a maximum of 19 hours and a minimum of 9 hours
  • the second freezing actual phase period may be a maximum of 47 hours and a minimum of 11 hours.
  • the defrost cycle may be set by adjusting appropriately according to the situation.
  • the control unit determines whether or not the conditions for inputting the heart greenhouse load response operation are satisfied.
  • the operation corresponding to the core greenhouse load can be carried out first 250 ).
  • step 3240 must be performed in a state in which the first freezing actual phase has elapsed. In other words, even if the conditions for inputting a deep greenhouse load response operation are satisfied, it is ignored and ignored. It is also possible to cause the defrost operation to be performed immediately, i.e., a control algorithm in which steps 8240 to 3260 are omitted (or deleted) may be possible.
  • the first refrigeration actual bed cycle has elapsed, or Upon completion, a deep cooling operation for cooling the freezing chamber and the core greenhouse is performed (S270).
  • the deep cooling operation can be terminated.
  • the control temperature is the second satisfactory critical temperature (N22 or N32) shown in FIG. It should be noted that the above set temperature can be 3 O C, but is not limited thereto.
  • control unit while the deep cooling operation is being performed, determines whether the completion condition of the deep cooling operation is satisfied (S280), and if it is determined that the deep cooling completion condition is satisfied, the freezing chamber and the core greenhouse are defrosted. The driving is made to be performed in earnest (S290).
  • the back heater 43 is all turned on, and the cold sink heater 40 and the back heater 43 can be maintained in a warm state until both the defrosting operation of the freezer and the deep greenhouse are completed.
  • the frost or ice melts on the surface, the surface of the cold sink of the thermoelectric module, and the rear surface of the housing that receives the heat sink of the thermoelectric module to become defrost water, and the defrost water is a drain in which the freezing evaporation chamber is installed on the floor. It is collected with a drain pan.
  • the starting point of the deep-temperature room defrosting operation and the starting point of the freezing real-time phase operation may be set differently, or the same time point may be set.
  • both the core greenhouse and freezer phases are performed, but the two defrost operations may be started with a time difference or may be started simultaneously.
  • control unit is for both the freezing real defrost operation and the core warming real defrost operation
  • the first freezing chamber defrost cycle is initialized, the cold sink heater 40 and the back heater 43 are turned off, and the operation after defrosting is performed (S310 ).
  • the above-described post-defrost operation may include a core temperature room post-defrost operation and a freezing operation post-defrost operation. 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • the above-described core greenhouse load response operation may include the above-described core greenhouse load response operation.
  • the input conditions for the core greenhouse load response operation are as follows.
  • the freezer compartment fan is kept in a stopped state for a set time (eg 10 minutes) after the compressor is driven.
  • a set time eg 10 minutes
  • the freezer compartment fan is It can rotate to cool the freezer.
  • the reason why the freezer fan is driven after a predetermined time has elapsed from the compression start point in the post-refrigeration operation stage is as follows.
  • the temperature of the freezing chamber evaporator is
  • the compressor drives and the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the freezer expansion valve falls to the normal temperature (e.g., approximately -30 o, and the refrigerant flowing inside the freezer evaporator drops to the normal temperature (e.g. approximately -20 o). It takes some time.
  • control is performed to return to step 210 in which the general cooling operation is performed at 227 while the refrigerator is powered on.
  • the first refrigeration actual defrost cycle of step 3230 in Fig. 17 is used as the defrost cycle of the storage chamber show.
  • step 8270, 8290, 8300, and delete the freezer in the third character 0 deletes the post-freezing actual phase operation, and steps 8221 to 3226 can be deleted.
  • the freezing chamber fan and the freezing actual phase can be deleted.
  • the heater can be removed.
  • the core greenhouse phase is defined as an operation to remove frost or ice formed on the thermoelectric module provided to cool the core greenhouse, and the freezing chamber phase removes frost or ice formed in the freezing chamber evaporator provided for cooling the freezing chamber. Once again, it is clear that it is defined as an operation to perform.
  • the "storage room show defrost operation" includes the cold sink defrost operation and the heat sink defrost operation of the thermoelectric module provided for cooling the storage room show.
  • the "Storage room show defrost operation" may include a cold sink defrost operation and a heat sink defrost operation.
  • sub-zero system or structure is defined as a refrigerant circulation system or structure in which the cold sink of the storage room show and the heat sink of the storage room show are also maintained at sub-zero temperature in order to maintain the temperature of the storage room show at a temperature below zero.
  • the storage room show defrost operation may include cold sink defrost operation and heat sink defrost operation.
  • the "heat sink communication type structure” can be defined as a structure in which the heat sink of the storage chamber show is exposed or communicated to the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8.
  • the "heat sink non-communicative structure” may be defined as a structure in which the heat sink of the storage chamber show is adjacent to the wall forming the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8, and is not sufficiently insulated from the wall of the cooler chamber.
  • the "not sufficiently insulated structure" refers to the interior of the storage room show and storage room: 8
  • the present invention can be applied to at least one of the "subzero system or structure", the "heat sink communication type structure” and the “heat sink non-communication type structure”.
  • the heat sink should be interpreted as including a heat conductor consisting of a heat conduction plate and heat exchange fins, or a heat transfer member consisting of a heat conductor and a housing receiving the heat conductor.
  • FIG. 18 is a graph showing the temperature change of the thermoelectric module that varies with time while the core greenhouse defrost operation is performed
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a control method for the defrost operation of the heart greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first embodiment for a core greenhouse defrost operation is characterized in that a cold sink defrost operation is first performed, and then a heat sink defrost operation is performed.
  • the deep cooling operation is performed due to the elapse of the freezer phase cycle in the core greenhouse mode warming state, and the freezing chamber and the core greenhouse temperature are sufficiently cooled to a temperature lower than the satisfactory temperature (supercooling). Then, the deep cooling operation is completed.
  • the control unit judges whether or not the set time () has elapsed after the deep cooling operation is completed.
  • the set time may be 2 minutes, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reason for judging whether or not the set time has elapsed after the deep cooling operation is completed is that the direction of the voltage supplied to the thermoelectric element must be changed for the cold sink defrost operation. That is, the constant voltage for deep cooling The supply must be switched to reverse voltage supply for cold sink defrost.
  • thermoelectric element If the polarity of the voltage supplied to both ends of the thermoelectric element changes abruptly, a thermal shock due to temperature change may occur, resulting in a problem that the thermoelectric element is damaged or its lifespan is shortened.
  • thermoelectric element when supplying current (or power) to a thermoelectric element, it is better to increase the supply current stepwise or gradually, rather than supplying the set current at once.
  • thermoelectric element when supplying power to a thermoelectric element, it is necessary to increase the supply current gradually or step by step rather than supplying the maximum current at once, so that the maximum voltage is applied to both ends of the thermoelectric element after a predetermined period of time.
  • the thermal shock that may occur to the thermoelectric element can be minimized. This applies equally not only to supplying a constant voltage but also when supplying a reverse voltage.
  • thermoelectric element As soon as the power supplied to the thermoelectric element is cut off, the voltage applied to the thermoelectric element does not drop, but gradually decreases. Therefore, supplying a constant voltage is stopped. 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • thermoelectric element 40 If the reverse voltage is supplied immediately after stopping, the residual current remaining in the thermoelectric element and the supplied reverse current collide and the circuit in the thermoelectric element may be damaged.
  • thermoelectric element For this reason, it is advisable to provide a rest period for a certain period of time when switching the polarity (or direction) of the current supplied to the thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric element When the set time elapses, a reverse voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element to cause a cold sink.
  • thermoelectric element (21) When reverse voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element (21), the cold sink (22) becomes the heat generating surface, and the heat sink (24) becomes the heat absorbing surface.
  • the refrigerator operation section shows the general cooling operation section), avoiding the section in which the defrost operation is performed due to the elapsed defrost operation cycle, and the operation performed after the defrost operation is completed. After defrosting, the operation section can be divided by zero.
  • the above defrost operation section can be further divided into a deep cooling section 61) in which deep cooling is performed and a defrost section 62) in which full-scale defrost operation is performed.
  • graph (31 is the temperature change graph of the temperature of the cold sink (the temperature of the heat absorbing surface of the thermoelectric element when a constant voltage is supplied)
  • graph 02 is the temperature of the heat sink (the temperature of the heating surface of the thermoelectric element when a constant voltage is supplied)
  • graph 03 is a graph of the change in power consumption of the refrigerator.
  • Temperature, heat sink (24) is about -25o to -30o (: temperature within the range. Deep cooling operation section 61), the maximum constant voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric element When the deep cooling operation is finished, the supply of constant voltage to the thermoelectric element is stopped. After the set time (the rest period for the period has elapsed, reverse voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element).
  • thermoelectric element (21) As the reverse voltage applied by the thermoelectric element (21) increases, the temperature of the cold sink increases, and the temperature of the heat sink decreases. That is, when a reverse voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element, the cold sink is -50? (: The temperature increases at, and the temperature of the image rises rapidly to about 5° (:), and the heat sink increases from about-30° (: to about-35° (:). As can be seen from the graph, it can be seen that the temperature increase rate of the cold sink is higher than the temperature decrease rate of the heat sink.
  • the temperature of the cold sink and the heat sink becomes the same at a certain point when a predetermined time has elapsed from the point when the reverse voltage is applied, and after that, the temperatures of the cold sink and the heat sink are reversed. It can be seen that the temperature at which the heat sink reversal threshold temperature 41 ), that is, the temperature at which the cold and heat sink temperatures become the same is approximately -30°0.
  • the reversing threshold temperature in the cold sink defrost operation section (1 41 ) is the first reversing threshold It can be defined as temperature.
  • the temperature difference between the heat absorbing surface and the heating surface of the thermoelectric element gradually increases after the temperature difference (the point at which the temperature decreases and reaches the reversing critical temperature 1) until the maximum value of the thermoelectric element is reached. Will increase.
  • thermoelectric element in contact with the cold sink from the moment the reverse voltage is applied
  • the heat absorbing surface functions as a heating surface
  • the heating surface of the thermoelectric element in contact with the heat sink functions as a heat absorption surface.
  • the phenomenon that the temperature of the cold sink is higher than the temperature of the heat sink is for a predetermined time from the point when the reverse voltage is applied. It occurs after this elapsed time.
  • the temperature of the heat sink also increases from the point at which the above value becomes maximum 2). This means that when the value reaches the maximum value, the heating surface and the heat absorbing surface even if the supply voltage increases. This is due to the characteristic of the thermoelectric element that does not increase the temperature difference of the thermoelectric element any more; that is, if the temperature of the heating surface is further increased at the point where the heat is at its maximum, the temperature of the heat absorbing surface also increases due to the heat backflow phenomenon. This has already been explained above.
  • thermoelectric module
  • control unit is the back heater 43 )Can be controlled to be turned on.
  • the cold sink defrost completion condition can be set to be satisfied.
  • the temperature (1 ⁇ ) can be 5o(:, and the setting time () can be 60 minutes, but it is not limited thereto.
  • thermoelectric element When it is judged that the cold sink defrost completion condition is satisfied, the thermoelectric element is turned off.
  • thermoelectric element stop the reverse voltage supply to the thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric element for the set time ( 2 ).
  • 42 hours ⁇ 2) can be 2 minutes, but is not limited to this.
  • the reasons for having a rest period are as described above.
  • thermoelectric element When the set time, 2 ) elapses, a constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element so that the heat sink functions as a heating surface again to heat it.
  • the heat sink 24 is accommodated in the heat sink receiving portion 271 (see FIG. 9) formed in the housing 27, and between the heat sink 24 and the heat sink receiving portion (2 units) The space is completely sealed by a sealant. Therefore, the heat sink 24 and the heat sink
  • the surface temperature of the heat sink 24 is maintained at an ultra-low temperature of -30°0. This temperature is about 10 degrees lower than the freezing evaporation chamber temperature.
  • frost may build up on the surface of the housing 27. This can be said to be the same as the principle that dew forms on the surface of the kettle containing cold water in midsummer. Since the surface temperature of the housing 27 is significantly lower than the freezing temperature, the dew formed on the surface of the housing 27 is immediately frozen and converted into ice.
  • the surface of the housing (27) means that of the housing (27) exposed to the freezing evaporation chamber.
  • the surface of the housing 27 in contact with the heat sink 24 can be defined as the front surface.
  • a defrost operation to remove ice needs to be performed, which is defined as a heat sink defrost operation.
  • the second pre-reverse critical temperature is higher than the first pre-reverse critical temperature.
  • the heat sink temperature decreases from about -30 o (:, while at the time of heat sink defrost operation, the cold sink temperature begins to decrease from about 5 o (:).
  • the second inversion critical temperature is higher than the first inversion critical temperature.
  • thermoelectric element which, as described above, does not increase the power value beyond the maximum value.
  • the defrosting effect of removing ice adhering to the housing 27 may be improved, but as the temperature of the cold sink increases, the heat absorption capacity of the cold sink decreases, resulting in the adverse effect of reducing the cooling power and efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric element In order to prevent the reduction of cooling power and efficiency of the thermoelectric element due to this phenomenon, it is recommended to supply the maximum constant voltage for a certain period of time, and to supply the intermediate constant voltage thereafter. That is, the maximum blood loss in the heat sink defrost section is the best.
  • the constant voltage section can be divided into 2) and the intermediate constant voltage section: 82).
  • thermoelectric element for a predetermined time
  • the maximum constant voltage section can be set shorter than the middle constant voltage section, but it should be noted that it can be changed appropriately according to the design conditions.
  • the heat sink defrost operation completion condition may be set to be satisfied.
  • the heat sink defrost operation can also be completed.
  • the cold sink surface temperature is the temperature of the image, but the temperature inside the heart greenhouse is higher than the temperature before the defrost operation, -50 ⁇ (:, but still about-30 ⁇ less than 0, specifically It is maintained at a temperature of -38°0.
  • water vapor generated during the cold sink defrosting process may land on the inner wall of the core greenhouse while the heat sink defrost operation is performed, and may grow over time.
  • the present invention needs a control to reduce the re-implantation of water vapor generated during the "defrost operation of the storage room show" on the inner wall surface of the storage room show.
  • the control unit is provided with the control unit.
  • the fan in the storage room can be driven or a constant voltage can be applied to the thermoelectric module.
  • the "steam communication type structure” may be defined as a structure in which the heat absorbing side of the thermoelectric module of the storage room show is exposed or communicated with an external space excluding the space of the storage room show.
  • thermoelectric module of the storage room show
  • thermoelectric module of the storage room show It can be controlled so that a constant voltage is applied. Then, the amount of water vapor re-implanted on the heat absorbing side of the thermoelectric module of the storage room show is increased, thereby minimizing the phenomenon of re-implantation on the inner wall of the storage room show.
  • thermoelectric module of the storage room show it is to reduce the re-implantation of the water vapor generated during the defrost operation of the storage room show on the inner wall of the storage room show, and induce re-implantation on the heat absorption side of the thermoelectric module of the storage room show.
  • it can be controlled to apply a constant voltage to the thermoelectric module and drive the storage room show fan.
  • the "non-steam communication type structure” may be defined as a structure in which the heat absorbing side of the thermoelectric module of the storage room show is not exposed to an external space other than the space of the storage room show and is not communicated.
  • the external space may include a cooler chamber of 8 outside the refrigerator or storage compartment.
  • the time when the constant voltage is applied to the thermoelectric module and the time when the fan is driven in the storage room show need not be the same. However, it may be advantageous to drive the storage room show fan after the constant voltage is applied to the thermoelectric module. In other words, if the fan of the storage chamber is driven after the heat absorbing side of the thermoelectric module is sufficiently cooled, water vapor can more effectively re-implant on the heat absorbing side of the thermoelectric module.
  • the present invention can be applied to at least one of the above “steam communication type structure” and “steam non communication type structure”.
  • the storage room show is limited to the case of the heart greenhouse.
  • thermoelectric module In order to reduce re-implantation on the inner wall, a constant voltage is applied to the storage room show thermoelectric module and the control is controlled to drive the fan in the storage room show as an example.
  • 20 is a flowchart showing a control method of a refrigerator to prevent frost build-up on the inner wall of the core greenhouse during a core greenhouse defrost operation.
  • the control unit causes the maximum constant voltage to be supplied to the thermoelectric element for the set time, 3 ) 461).
  • the set time ( 3) elapses, 462)
  • the intermediate constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element 463).
  • the core greenhouse fan When an intermediate constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element, the core greenhouse fan is driven 464).
  • the core greenhouse fan may be controlled to be driven at the same time when an intermediate constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element, and may be controlled to be driven with a slight time difference.
  • the temperature of the cold sink during the defrosting of the cold sink is
  • thermoelectric element Since it is in a high state, it takes time for the temperature of the cold sink to drop to sub-zero temperatures even when a constant voltage is applied to the thermoelectric element.
  • the cold sink is cooled to the lowest temperature when the voltage applied to the thermoelectric element is switched from the highest constant voltage to the medium constant voltage. Therefore, this 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • the core greenhouse fan is operated at point 46, the amount of water vapor inside the core greenhouse per unit time that is attached to the cold sink surface increases, and the implantation effect can be maximized.
  • thermoelectric element is cut off and the operation of the core greenhouse fan is stopped.
  • the first embodiment of the core greenhouse defrost operation according to the present invention that is, a method of allowing the cold sink defrost to be performed first, and then the heat sink defrost operation to be performed has been described.
  • a method of defrosting a core greenhouse according to a second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the defrosting of the heat sink is prioritized, and the cold sink defrosting operation is performed after that.
  • thermoelectric element in which the heat sink defrost operation is performed first, there is no need to have a rest period to stop the power supply to the thermoelectric element before the heat sink defrost operation starts.
  • thermoelectric element in both the deep cooling operation and the heat sink defrost operation, so there is no need for electrode conversion.
  • the heat sink defrost operation can be performed immediately after the deep cooling operation is completed without a rest time (zero).
  • the freezing chamber valve is closed so that the refrigerant flow does not occur to the heat sink and the freezing chamber evaporator, and the freezing chamber operation is performed together.
  • thermoelectric element can be controlled so that the highest constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element from the beginning to the end.
  • the highest constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element, Since no heat dissipation occurs in the heat sink, the temperature of the heat sink gradually increases.
  • the completion condition of the heat sink defrost operation can be set as a set time or heat sink surface temperature. For example, after the start of the heat sink defrost operation, the set time (eg 60 minutes) has elapsed, or the surface temperature of the heat sink is When the set temperature (e.g. 5) reaches 0, it can be judged that the heat sink defrost operation completion condition is satisfied.
  • the set temperature e.g. 5
  • a defrost sensor that senses the heat sink surface temperature It will have to be equipped separately.
  • thermoelectric element When the heat sink defrost operation is completed, reverse voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element so that the cold sink defrost operation is performed.
  • reverse voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element so that the cold sink defrost operation is performed.
  • having a rest period before switching from constant voltage to reverse voltage is as described above.
  • frost may accumulate on the rear surface of the housing 27 during the cold sink defrost operation. Some of the ice may melt during the defrosting operation is complete, the core greenhouse general cooling operation is performed and fall into the drain fan, and the rest may be removed during the next cycle's heat sink defrost operation.
  • the present invention includes a method for controlling the back heater.
  • Moisture contained in the air in the cooler chamber accumulates on the cooler and the walls constituting the cooler chamber and grows into ice.
  • Storage room show and storage room In the case of a refrigerator including 8, as described above, in order to remove the cold sink of the storage room show or the frost or ice that has accumulated around it, the storage room show is described above in at least some section during defrost operation.
  • the control may be such that a reverse voltage is applied to the thermoelectric module of the storage room show or a voltage is applied to the cold sink defrost heater located under the cold sink.
  • control unit may control voltage to be applied to the cold sink cold sink heater disposed under the cold sink in at least some section during the storage room show defrost operation.
  • the storage compartment to remove the frost and ice accumulated in the cooler of 8 or its surroundings, it can be controlled to apply voltage to the cooler defrost heater located under the cooler.
  • the refrigerant circulation system or structure that requires heat sink defrost operation in the storage chamber show including "non-communication structure", in order to remove frost or ice from the heat sink in the storage chamber show or its surroundings, at least part of the storage chamber show defrost operation It can be controlled so that a constant voltage is applied to the thermoelectric module of the storage room show or the voltage is applied to the heat sink defrost heater during the period.
  • the heat sink defrost heater is more heated than the cold sink of the thermoelectric module in the storage room show.
  • It may be disposed under the heat sink at a position closer to the sink.
  • the storage chamber is placed under the heat sink in at least some section during defrost operation. It can be controlled so that voltage is applied to the "heat sink drain heater".
  • the water vapor generated during the above-described storage compartment show cold sink defrost operation or storage compartment show heat sink defrost operation may float in the cooler chamber of the storage compartment 6 and may accumulate on the wall forming the cooler chamber of the storage compartment 3.
  • the storage chamber the wall defining 6 or the cooler chamber of the storage chamber: 8 2020/175831 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002077
  • the "cooler chamber defrost heater” may be arranged near the passage through which the water vapor generated during the cold sink in the storage room show or the heat sink in the storage room show flows into the cooler chamber of the storage room: 8. .
  • the voltage can be controlled to be applied to the "cooler chamber defrost heater" located on at least one of the wall defining the storage chamber: 8 or the wall forming the cooler chamber of the storage chamber. .
  • the "cooler chamber defrost heater” may be disposed near a passage through which the water vapor discharged to the outside of the storage compartment shows flows into the cooler chamber of the storage compartment: 8.
  • At least one of the heat sink defrost heater, the heat sink drain heater, and the cooler chamber defrost heater may be disposed in the upper part of the cooler of the storage chamber.
  • the reason is that in the cooler lower part of the storage chamber, just like the refrigeration real defrost heater, This is because a "cooler defrost heater" that defrosts the cooler of 8 can be arranged.
  • At least one of the heat sink defrost heater, the heat sink drain heater, and the cooler chamber defrost heater may be disposed on a partition wall forming at least a part of a wall surface defining the cooler chamber.
  • At least one of the heat sink defrost heater, the heat sink drain heater, and the cooler chamber defrost heater may be disposed on the shroud constituting the floor plan wall. The reason is that This is because at least one of the cold sink defrost heater and the cold sink drain heater may be disposed on the grill pan.
  • the "back heater” of the present invention can be defined as a heater that performs at least one of the functions of a heat sink defrost heater, a heat sink drain heater, and a cooler chamber defrost heater.
  • the air inside the core greenhouse may flow into the freezing and evaporation chamber 104 through the defrost water guide 30.
  • the temperature inside the core greenhouse is significantly lower than the temperature of the freezing evaporation chamber, the temperature of the cold air in the freezing evaporation chamber is lowered by the cold air in the core greenhouse flowing into the freezing evaporation chamber.
  • water vapor generated in the process of defrosting at the core temperature when water vapor generated in the process of defrosting at the core temperature is discharged to the outlet of the defrosting water guide 30, it may be cooled by the refrigeration evaporation room cooler and frozen at the outlet of the defrosting water guide 30.
  • the back heater 43 can be turned on when the core greenhouse and the freezing chamber start operation.
  • the cold sink heater 40 and the back heater 43 are mounted It can prevent freezing.
  • the back heater 43 may be turned on together when the heat sink defrost is started. , When a constant voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric element, the back heater 43 may also be turned on.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a method for controlling an actual phase operation of a freezing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the actual freezing operation according to the embodiment of the present invention irrespective of whether the start of the deep cooling room defrost operation, it can be performed when a set time elapses from the time when deep cooling is completed (510) .
  • the above setting time () can be 5 minutes, but it is not limited to this.
  • the defrost operation can be performed immediately without waiting for the set time () to elapse.
  • a heater (not shown) is heated to melt the frost and ice on the surface of the evaporator of the freezing chamber (520). This is the same as the conventional freezing chamber operation.
  • control unit judges whether the actual freezing phase completion condition is satisfied (530).
  • the actual freezing condition can be set to be satisfied when the temperature detected by the defrost sensor is higher than the set temperature, or the set time elapses after the start of the defrost operation, similar to the cold sink defrost completion condition.
  • the above setting time can be 5 minutes, but is not limited now.
  • the reason 58 waits for the set time to elapse from the point when the defrost heater is turned off is that during the set time ( 2 ), the defrost water generated during the defrost operation process and the core greenhouse defrost operation process is installed on the floor of the freezing evaporator It is to gather together.
  • the defrost water generated when ice separated from the cold sink surface is melted by the cold sink heater can be discharged through the maximum defrost water guide.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 냉장고의 제어 방법은, 냉동실 제상과 심온실 제상을 위한 제상 주기(POD)가 경과하였는지 여부가 판단되는 단계; 상기 제상 주기가 경과하였다고 판단되면, 상기 심온실 온도와 상기 냉동실 온도 중 적어도 하나를 제어 온도보다 낮은 온도로 냉각시키는 딥쿨링 운전이 수행되는 단계; 상기 딥쿨링 운전이 종료하면, 상기 냉동실 제상과 심온실 제상을 위한 제상 운전이 수행되는 단계를 포함하고, 상기 제상 운전이 시작되면, 냉동실 밸브가 폐쇄되어 상기 냉동실 증발기와 상기 히트 싱크로의 냉기 흐름이 차단되며, 상기 냉동실 제상 구간과 상기 심온실 제상 구간의 적어도 일부분은 중첩되는 것을 특징으로 한다.

Description

2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077 명세서
발명의 명칭:냉장고의제어방법
기술분야
[1] 본발명은냉장고의제어방법에관한것이다.
배경기술
[2] 일반적으로냉장고는음식물을저온으로저장하는가전기기로서 ,섭씨 3°0 범위의냉장상태로음식물을저장하기위한냉장실과,섭씨 -20°0범위의냉동 상태로음식물을저장하기위한냉동실을포함한다.
[3] 그러나,육류나해산물같은음식물을현재의냉동실내에서냉동상태로
보관는경우,음식물이 -20ᄋ（:로결빙되는과정에서육류나해산물의세포내에 있는수분이세포밖으로빠져나가면서세포가파괴되고해동과정에서식감이 변해버리는현상이발생한다.
[4] 그러나,저장실의온도조건을현재의냉동실온도보다현저히낮은극저온 상태로만들어서，음식물이냉동상태로변화될때빙결점온도대역을빠르게 지나가도록하면세포파괴를최소화할수있으며,그결과해동후에도육질과 식감이냉동전의상태에가까운상태로되돌아올수있는장점이있다.상기 극저온이라함은 -45°0 ~ -50°0범위의온도를말하는것으로이해될수있다.
[5] 이러한이유때문에,최근에는냉동실온도보다더낮은온도로유지되는
심온실이구비된냉장고에대한수요가증가하고있는추세에있다.
[6] 심온실에대한수요를만족시키기위해서는기존의냉매를이용한냉각에는 한계가있기때문에,열전소자（TEM : 1¾ 1110£1 仕노 Module）를이용하여심온실 온도를극저온으로낮추는시도를하고있다.
[7] 한국공개특허제 10-2018-0105572호（2018년 09월 28일）호（선행기술 1）에는열전 모듈을이용하여저장실을실내온도보다낮은온도로저장하는협탁형태의 냉장고가개시된다.
[8] 그러나,상기선행기술 1에개시되는열전모듈을이용한냉장고의경우,열전 모듈의발열면이실내공기와열교환하여냉각되는구조로이루어져있어서, 흡열면의온도를낮추는데한계가있다.
[9] 상세히,열전모듈은,공급전류가증가하면흡열면과발열면의온도차가어느 수준까지는증가하는경향을보인다.그러나,반도체소자로이루어진열전 소자의특성상,공급전류가증가하면반도체가저항으로작용하여자체 발열량이증가한다.그러면,흡열면에서흡수된열이발열면으로신속하게 전달되지못하는문제가발생한다.
[1이 뿐만아니라,열전소자의발열면이충분히냉각되지아니하면발열면으로 전달된열이흡열면쪽으로역류하는현상이발생하여흡열면의온도도함께 증가하게된다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
[11] 상기선행기술 1에 개시되는열전모듈의 경우,발열면이실내공기에의하여 냉각되므로,발열면의온도가실내온도보다더낮아질수없는한계가있다.
[12] 발열면의온도가실질적으로고정된상태에서,흡열면의온도를낮추기
위해서는공급전류를증가시켜야하고,그러면열전모듈의 효율이 저하되는 문제가발생한다.
[13] 또한,공급전류를증가시키면,흡열면과발열면의온도차가커지면서 열전 모듈의 냉력이감소하는결과를초래한다.
[14] 따라서,선행기술 1에 개시되는냉장고의 경우,저장실의온도를냉동실
온도보다현저히낮은극저온으로낮추는것이불가능하고,냉장실온도 수준으로유지할수있는정도에불과하다고할수있다.
[15] 뿐만아니라,선행기술 1에 개시된내용을보면,열전모듈에 의하여 냉각되는 저장실이독립적으로존재하기 때문에,상기 저장실의온도가만족온도에 도달하면열전모듈로의 전원공급을차단하는것으로개시된다.
[16] 그러나,상기 저장실이 냉장실이나냉동실과같은만족온도영역이다른
저장실내부에수용되는경우,두개의 저장실온도를조절하기위해서
고려되어야하는요소들이 많아지게된다.
[17] 따라서,선행기술 1에 개시되는제어내용만으로는,심온실이 냉동실또는
냉장실에수용되는구조에서심온실온도를제어하기위해서 열전모듈의 출력과심온실냉각팬의출력제어가불가능하다.
[18] 이러한열전모듈의 한계를극복하고,열전모듈을이용하여 저장실의온도를 냉동실온도보다낮은온도로낮추기 위하여 많은실험과연구가이루어져 왔다. 그결과,열전모듈의 발열면을낮은온도로냉각시키기 위하여 냉매가흐르는 증발기를발열면에부착하는시도가있었다.
[19] 한국공개특허제 10-2016-097648호（2016년 08월 18일）（선행기술 2）에는열전 모듈의 발열면을냉각시키기 위하여,열전모듈의발열면을증발기에직접 부착시키는내용이 개시된다.
[2이 그러나선행기술 2도여전히문제점을안고있다.
[21] 상세히 ,선행기술 2에는,열전소자의 발열면을냉각시키기 위한방열수단 또는히트싱크로서 냉동실팽창변을통과한냉매가흐르는증발기를채용하는 구조적 내용만개시되어 있을뿐,냉동실을비롯한냉장실의운전상태에 따라서 열전모듈의출력을어떻게제어할것인지에 대한내용이 전혀 개시되지 않고 있다.
[22] 예를들어 ,선행기술 2의 경우,냉동실증발기와,열전모듈의히트싱크가
병렬로연결되는구조이기 때문에,선행기술 2의제어 방법은냉동실증발기와 히트싱크가직렬연결되는시스템에는적용하기 어려운단점이 있다.
[23] 특히,선행기술 2의경우,히트싱크와냉동실증발기가병렬로연결되어 있기 때문에,열전모듈의제상운전과냉동실증발기의제상운전을독립적으로 수행할수있다.따라서,히트싱크와냉동실증발기가직렬로연결된구조에는 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077 선행기술 2에 적용되는제상운전제어로직이그대로적용될수없는문제점이 있다.
[24] 또한,선행기술 2에는,심온실및냉동실제상과정에서발생하는수증기에 의하여초래되는문제점을어떻게해결할수있는지에 대한구체적인방법이 개시되지 않고있다.
[25] 일례로,제상과정에서 발생하는수증기가심온실내벽에다시착상되거나, 냉동증발실로유입되면서 냉동실증발기의 일면에 집중적으로착상되는 편착상문제를방지또는해결할수있는방법에 대한내용이 전혀 개시되지 않고있다.
[26] 또한,냉동실제상과정에서발생하는수증기가심온실로유입되거나,
심온실과접하는냉동증발실벽면에착상되는현상을방지할수있는구조나 방법에 대한내용이 전혀 개시되지 않는다.
발명의상세한설명
기술적과제
[27] 본발명은심온실이 냉동실내부에수용되고,히트싱크와냉동실증발기가 직렬로연결되는냉매순환시스템을가지는냉장고의 제상을위한운전제어 방법을제공하는것을목적으로한다.
[28] 특히,열전모듈이콜드싱크제상과정에서 발생하는습증기가히트싱크에 부착되어 재응결되는현상을방지할수있는냉장고의 제어방법을제공하는 것을목적으로한다.
[29] 또한,냉동실증발기의 제상과정에서 발생하는습증기가심온실내부로
유입되어,심온실내벽이나열전모듈의히트싱크에부착되어응결되는현상을 방지할수있는냉장고의제어 방법을제공하는것을목적으로한다.
과제해결수단
[3이 상기와같은목적을달성하기 위한본발명의실시예에 따른냉장고의 제어 방법은,냉장실;상기 냉장실과구획되는냉동실;상기 냉동실내부에수용되고, 상기 냉동실과구획되는심온실;상기심온실의후측에 형성되는냉동증발실; 상기 냉동증발실과상기 냉동실을구획하는구획벽;상기 냉동증발실에 수용되어 ,상기 냉동실냉각을위한냉기를생성하는냉동실증발기 ;상기 냉동 증발실냉기를상기 냉동실로공급하도록구동하는냉동실팬;상기심온실의 온도를냉동실온도보다낮은온도로냉각하도록제공되는열전모듈;및상기 심온실내부의공기를강제유동시키는심온실팬;을포함하고,상기 열전 모듈은,상기심온실을향하는흡열면과,상기흡열면의 반대면으로정의되는 발열면을포함하는열전소자와,상기흡열면에 접촉하며,상기심온실후방에 놓이는콜드싱크와,상기 발열면에접촉하고,상기 냉동실증발기와직렬 연결되는히트싱크,및상기히트싱크를수용하며,후면이상기 냉동증발실의 냉기에 노출되는하우징을포함하는냉장고의 제어방법이다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
4
[31] 본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의제어 방법은,냉동실제상과심온실제상을 위한제상주기 。!))가경과하였는지 여부가판단되는단계;상기제상주기가 경과하였다고판단되면,상기심온실온도와상기 냉동실온도중적어도하나를 제어온도보다낮은온도로냉각시키는딥쿨링운전이수행되는단계;상기 딥쿨링운전이종료하면,상기 냉동실제상과심온실제상을위한제상운전이 수행되는단계를포함하고,상기 제상운전이시작되면,냉동실밸브가폐쇄되어 상기 냉동실증발기와상기히트싱크로의 냉기흐름이차단되며,상기 냉동실 제상구간과상기심온실제상구간의 적어도일부분은중첩되는것을특징으로 한다.
발명의효과
[32] 상기와같은구성을이루는본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의제어 방법에 의하면다음과같은효과가있다.
[33] 첫째,히트싱크와냉동실증발기가직렬연결되고,심온실이 냉동실내부에 수용되는구조에서,열전모듈의 제상과냉동실증발기의제상이 효과적으로 수행될수있는장점이 있다.
[34] 둘째 ,콜드싱크제상과정에서 발생하는습증기가히트싱크에부착되어
재응결되는현상을방지할수있는장점이 있다.
[35] 셋째,심온실제상,즉열전모듈의 제상운전과냉동실증발기의 제상운전이 함께수행되도록함으로써,심온실제상과증발실제상을별도로수행할경우에 발생하는제상저해요인이제거되는장점이 있다.
도면의간단한설명
[36] 도 1은본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의 냉매순환시스템을보여주는도면.
[37] 도 2는본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의 냉동실과심온실구조를보여주는 사시도.
[38] 도 3은도 2의 3-3을따라절개되는종단면도.
[39] 도 4는입력 전압및푸리에 효과에 대한냉력의관계를보여주는그래프.
[4이 도 5는입력 전압및푸리에 효과에 대한효율관계를보여주는그래프.
[41] 도 6은전압에따른냉력과효율의상관관계를보여주는그래프.
[42] 도 7은고내부하변동에따른냉장고제어를위한기준온도선을보여주는 도면.
[43] 도 8은본발명의실시예에따른열전모듈의사시도.
[44] 도 9는상기 열전모듈의분해사시도.
[45] 도 10은냉동증발실쪽에서바라본열전모듈수용공간의모습을보여주는 확대사시도.
[46] 도 11은열전모듈이구비된심온실후단부구조를보여주는확대단면도.
[47] 도 12는본발명의실시예에따른제상수배출홀막힘수단이구비된구획부의 배면사시도. 2020/175831 1»（：1/10公020/002077
5 도 13은상기제상수배줄폴막힘수단이구비된구획부의분해사시도.
도 14는본발명의다른실시예에 따른콜드싱크와연결된백히터구조를 보여주는사시도.
50] 도 15는본발명의실시예에따른냉장실제상운전제어 방법을보여주는
플로차트.
도 16은심온실및냉동실제상이수행될때시간경과에 따른냉동사이클을 구성하는구성요소들의 작동상태를보여주는도면.
[52] 도 17은본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의 냉동실및심온실의 제상운전제어 방법을보여주는플로차트.
[53] 도 18은심온실제상운전이수행되는동안시간에 따라변하는열전모듈의 온도변화를보여주는그래프.
[54] 도 19는본발명의실시예에따른심온실제상운전을위한제어방법을
보여주는플로차트.
[55] 도 20은심온실제상운전중에심온실내벽에성에가착상되는것을방지하기 위한냉장고의제어 방법을보여주는플로차트.
도 21은본발명의실시예에따른냉동실제상운전제어 방법을보여주는 플로차트.
발명의실시를위한형태
[57] 이하에서는본발명의실시예에 따른냉장고의 제어방법에 대하여도면을 참조하여상세히설명한다.
[58] 본발명에서 제 1냉각기 (first cooling device)에의해 냉각되어소정의온도로 제어될수있는저장실을제 1저장실로정의할수있다.
[59] 또한,제 2냉각기에의해 냉각되어상기 제 1저장실보다낮은온도로제어될 수있는저장실을제 2저장실로정의할수있다.
9 8
44 5 56666341
[60] 또한,제 3냉각기에의해 냉각되어상기 제 2저장실보다낮은온도로제어될 수있는저장실을제 3저장실로정의할수있다.
상기제 1저장실을냉각하기위한상기제 1냉각기는,제 1증발기와,열전 소자를포함하는제 1열전모듈중적어도하나를포함할수있다.상기제 1 증발기는후술할냉장실증발기를포함할수있다.
62] 상기제 2저장실을냉각하기위한상기제 2냉각기는,제 2증발기와,
열전소자를포함하는제 2열전모듈중적어도하나를포함할수있다.상기제 2 증발기는후술할냉동실증발기를포함할수있다.
상기제 3저장실을냉각하기위한상기제 3냉각기는,제 3증발기와 열전소자를포함하는제 3열전모듈중적어도하나를포함할수있다.
본명세서에서 열전모듈을냉각수단으로하는실시예들에서 ,열전모듈대신 증발기로대체하여 적용가능하며 ,예를들면다음과같다.
[65] (1)’’열전모듈의콜드싱크’’또는’’열전소자의흡열면’’또는’’열전모듈의 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
6 흡열측”은, "증발기또는증발기의 일측”으로해석될수있다.
[66] (2)’’열전모듈의흡열측’’은, "열전모듈의콜드싱크’’또는 "열전모듈의
흡열면”과동일한의미로해석될수있다.
[67] (3)제어부가”열전모듈에정전압을인가또는차단하는것”은, "증발기로 냉매를공급또는차단하는것 ",”절환밸브가개방또는폐쇄되도록제어되는 것 ",또는 "압축기가온또는오프되도록제어되는것과동일한의미로해석될수 있다.
[68] (4)제어부가”열전모듈에 인가되는정전압이증가또는감소되도록제어하는 것”은, "증발기에흐르는냉매의 양또는유속이증가또는감소되도록제어하는 것”,”절환밸브의 개도가증가또는감소되도록제어하는것”,압축기출력이 증가또는감소되도록제어하는것”과동일한의미로해석될수있다.
[69] (5)제어부가”열전모듈에 인가되는역전압이증가또는감소되도록제어하는 것”은, "증발기에 인접하는제상히터에 인가되는전압이증가또는감소되도록 제어하는것”과동일한의미로해석될수있다.
이 한편,본명세서에서 ”열전모듈에의하여 냉각되는저장실”을저장실쇼로 정의하고, "상기 열전모듈에 인접하는곳에위치하여상기 저장실쇼내부의 공기가상기 열전모듈의흡열면과열교환하도록하는팬”을 "저장실쇼팬”으로 정의할수있다.
1] 또한,상기 저장실쇼와함께 냉장고를구성하면서 냉각기에의해 냉각되는 저장실을 "저장실 ’로정의할수있다.
2] 또한, "냉각기 챔버 "는냉각기가위치하는공간으로정의하고,냉각기에서 생성된냉기를송풍하는팬이추가된구조에서는상기 팬이수용되는공간을 포함하는것으로정의하고,상기 팬에의해송풍되는냉기를저장실로안내하는 유로나제상수가배줄되는유로가주가된구조에서는상기유로들을포함하는 것으로정의할수있다.
3] 또한,콜드싱크나그주변에착상된성에나얼음을제거하기 위해상기콜드 싱크의 일측에위치하는제상히터를콜드싱크제상히터로정의할수있다. 4] 또한,히트싱크나그주변에착상된성에나얼음을제거하기 위해상기 히트 싱크의 일측에위치하는제상히터를히트싱크제상히터로정의할수있다. 5] 또한,냉각기나그주변에착상된성에나얼음을제거하기위해상기 냉각기의 일측에 위치하는제상히터를냉각기 제상히터로정의할수있다.
6] 또한,냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면이나그주변에착상된성에나얼음을
제거하기 위해상기 냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면의 일측에위치하는제상 히터를냉각기 챔버 제상히터로정의할수있다.
7] 또한,콜드싱크나그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가배출되는과정에서， 재결빙또는재착상을최소화하기위하여상기콜드싱크의 일측에 배치되는 히터를콜드싱크드레인히터로정의할수있다.
8] 또한,히트싱크나그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가배출되는과정에서 , 재결빙또는재착상을최소화하기위하여상기히트싱크의일측에배치되는 히터를히트싱크드레인히터로정의할수있다.
9] 또한,냉각기나그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가배출되는과정에서 , 재결빙또는재착상을최소화하기위하여상기냉각기의일측에배치되는 히터를냉각기드레인히터로정의할수있다.
[8이 또한,냉각기챔버를형성하는벽면이나그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가 배출되는과정에서,재결빙또는재착상을최소화하기위하여상기냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면의일측에배치되는히터를냉각기챔버드레인히터로 정의할수있다.
[81] 또한,아래에서설명될 "콜드싱크히터”는상기콜드싱크제상히터의기능과 상기콜드싱크드레인히터의기능중적어도하나의기능을수행하는히터로 정의할수있다.
[82] 또한, "히트싱크히터 "는상기히트싱크제상히터의기능과상기히트싱크 드레인히터의기능중적어도하나의기능을수행하는히터로정의할수있다.
[83] 또한,”냉각기히터”는,상기냉각기제상히터의기능과상기냉각기드레인 히터의기능중적어도하나의기능을수행하는히터로정의할수있다.
[84] 또한,아래에서설명될 "백히터 (back heater)”는상기히트싱크히터의기능과 상기냉각기챔버제상히터의기능중적어도하나의기능을수행하는히터로 정의할수있다.즉,상기백히터는,히트싱크제상히터，히터싱크드레인히터， 및냉각기챔버제상히터의기능들중적어도하나의기능을수행하는히터로 정의할수있다.
[85] 본발명에서는일례로,상기제 1저장실은상기제 1냉각기에의해영상의 온도로제어될수있는냉장실을포함할수있다.
[86] 또한,상기제 2저장실은,상기제 2냉각기에의해영하의온도로제어될수 있는냉동실을포함할수있다.
[87] 또한,상기제 3저장실은,상기제 3냉각기에의해극저온 (cryogenic
temperature)또는초저온 (ultrafrezing temperature)의온도로유지될수있는 심온실 (deep freezing compartment)을포함할수있다.
[88] 또한,본발명은,상기제내지제 3저장실이모두영하의온도로제어되는
경우와,상기제 1내지제 3저장실이모두영상의온도로제어되는경우,및 상기제 1및제 2저장실은영상의온도로제어되고,상기제 3저장실은영하의 온도로제어되는경우를배제하지않는다.
[89] 본발명에서냉장고의 "운전”은운전시작조건또는운전투입조건이
만족되는지여부를판단하는단계 (I)와,운전투입조건이만족된경우에미리 정해진운전이수행되는단계 (II)와,운전완료조건이만족되는지여부를 판단하는단계 (III),및운전완료조건이만족된경우에는운전이종료되는 단계 (IV)의 4가지운전단계를포함하는것으로정의될수있다.
[9이 본발명에서냉장고의저장실냉각을위한”운전”은,일반운전과특수 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
8 운전으로구분하여정의될수있다.
[91] 상기 일반운전은,저장실도어의 개방이나음식물저장에따른부하투입
상황이 발생하지 않은상태에서자연적으로고내온도가상승하였을때 수행되는냉각운전을의미할수있다.
[92] 상세히,저장실의온도가불만족온도영역（아래에서도면을참조하여상세히 설명함）에 진입하여운전투입조건이 만족되면,상기 저장실의 냉각을위해 제어부가상기 저장실의 냉각기로부터 냉기가공급되도록제어하는것으로 정의된다.
[93] 구체적으로,일반운전은냉장실냉각운전,냉동실냉각운전,심온실냉각운전 등을포함할수있다.
[94] 반면,상기특수운전은,상기 일반운전으로정의되는운전을제외한운전을 의미할수있다.
[95] 상세히 ,상기특수운전은,저장실의제상주기가경과하여 냉각기에착상된 성에나얼음을녹이기 위해상기 냉각기에 열을공급하도록제어되는제상 운전을포함할수있다.
[96] 또한,상기특수운전은,저장실의도어가개방된후닫힌시점으로부터 설정 시간이 경과한경우,또는설정시간이 경과하기 전에 저장실의온도가설정 온도로상승한경우중적어도하나에해당되어운전투입조건이만족되면, 상기 저장실에침투한열부하를제거하기 위해상기 냉각기로부터상기 저장실로냉기가공급되도록제어되는부하대응운전을더포함할수있다.
[97] 상세히 ,상기부하대응운전은,저장실도어의 개폐동작이후에 저장실내부로 침투한부하를제거하기 위하여수행되는도어부하대응운전과,냉장고설치 후처음으로전원이 인가되었을때 저장실내부의부하를제거하기 위하여 수행되는초기 냉기동운전을포함할수있다.
[98] 예를들면,상기 제상운전은,냉장실제상운전,냉동실제상운전,및심온실 제상운전중적어도하나를포함할수있다.
[99] 또한,상기도어부하대응운전은,냉장실도어부하대응운전,냉동실도어 부하대응운전,심온실부하대응운전중적어도하나를포함할수있다.
[100] 여기서,상기심온실부하대응운전은,심온실도어가개방에따라부하가 증가되었을때수행되는심온실도어부하대응운전투입조건,심온실오프 상태에서온상태로전환되었을때심온실내의부하를제거하기 위해수행되는 심온실초기 냉기동운전투입조건,및심온실제상운전이 완료된이후에 처음으로시작되는제상후운전투입조건중적어도하나의조건이 만족되면 수행되는,심온실부하제거를위한운전을의미하는것으로해석될수있다.
[101] 상세히,심온실도어부하대응운전투입조건이만족되었는지 여부를
판단하는것은,냉동실도어와심온실도어중적어도하나가개방후닫힌 시점으로부터 일정시간이 경과하는조건,또는일정시간이내에심온실온도가 설정온도로상승하는조건중적어도하나가만족되는지를판단하는것을 포함할수있다.
[102] 또한,심온실초기냉기동운전투입조건이만족되었는지여부를판단하는 것은,냉장고전원이켜지고,심온실모드가오프상태에서온상태로
전환되었는지여부를판단하는것을포함할수있다.
[103] 또한,심온실제상후운전투입조건이만족되었는지여부를판단하는것은, 콜드싱크히터오프,백히터오프,콜드싱크제상을위해열전모듈에인가되는 역전압중단,콜드싱크제상을위해역전압이인가된후히트싱크제상을위해 열전모듈에인가되는정전압중단,히트싱크를수용하는하우징의온도가설정 온도로상승,및냉동실제상운전종료중적어도하나를판단하는것을포함할 수있다.
[104] 따라서,냉장실과냉동실및심온실중적어도하나를포함하는저장실의
운전은,저장실일반운전과,저장실특수운전을포함하는것으로정리될수 있다.
[105] 한편,상기에서설명된저장실의운전중 2가지운전이중돌하는경우,
제어부는어느하나의운전 (운전서이우선하여수행되고다른하나의 운전 (운전피은중단 (pause)되도록제어할수있다.
[106] 본발명에서운전의충돌은, i)운전 A의투입조건과운전 B의투입조건이 동시에만족하여동시에충돌하는경우, ii)운전 A의투입조건이만족되어운전 A가수행되는중에운전 B의투입조건이만족되어충돌하는경우, iii)운전 B의 투입조건이만족되어운전 B가수행되는중에운전 A의투입조건이만족되어 충돌하는경우를포함할수있다.
[107] 2가지운전이충돌하는경우,제어부는,충돌하는운전의수행우선순위를 결정하고,해당운전의수행을제어하기위해,소위 "충돌제어알고리즘”이 수행되도록한다.
[108] 운전 A가우선수행되고,운전 B가중단된경우를일례로들어설명한다.
[109] 상세히 ,본발명에서는중단된운전 B는운전 A의완료후,아래예시의 3가지 경우중적어도어느하나의과정을따르도록제어될수있다.
[110] a.운전 B의해제 (termination)
[111] 운전 A가완료되면,운전 B의수행은해제되어상기충돌제어알고리즘을 종료하고,그이전의운전단계로되돌아가는가도록할수있다.
[112] 여기서 "해제”는,중단된상기운전 B는더이상수행되지않을뿐아니라,운전 B의투입조건이만족되었는지여부도판단하지않는다.즉,운전 B의투입 조건에대한판단정보가초기화되는것으로볼수있다.
[113] b.운전 B의투입조건재판단 (redetermination)
[114] 우선수행된운전 A가완료되면,제어부는상기중단된운전 B의투입조건이 만족되었는지여부를다시판단하는단계로되돌아가서,운전 B의
재시작 (restart)여부를결정할수있다.
[115] 예컨대,운전 B는 10분동안팬을구동하는운전이고,운전 A와충돌하여운전 시작후 3분이경과된시점에서운전이중단되었다면,운전 A가완료된 시점에서운전모의투입조건이만족되었는지여부를다시판단하고,
만족되었다고판단되면다시 W분동안팬을구동하도록한다.
[116] c.운전 B의속행（continuation）
[117]
[118] *우선수행된운전 A가완료되면,제어부는중단되었던상기운전 B가
속행되도록할수있다.여기서 "속행”은,처음부터다시시작하는것이아니라, 중단된운전을이어서수행하는것을의미한다.
[119] 예컨대,운전 B가 W분동안팬을구동하는운전이고,운전 A와충돌하여운전 시작후 3분이경과된시점에서운전이중단되었다면,운전 A가완료된 시점부터곧바로잔여시간 7분동안압축기가더구동하도록한다.
[120] 한편,본발명에서운전의우선순위는아래와같이정해질수있다.
[121] 첫째,일반운전과특수운전이충돌하면,상기특수운전이우선하여
수행되도록제어할수있다.
[122] 둘째,일반운전간의충돌이발생하는경우운전의우선순위는아래와같이 정해질수있다.
[123] I.냉장실냉각운전과냉동실냉각운전이충돌하면,냉장실냉각운전이
우선하여수행되도록할수있다.
[124] II.냉장실（또는냉동실）냉각운전과심온실냉각운전이충돌하면,
냉장실（또는냉동실）냉각운전이우선하여수행되도록할수있다.이때,심온실 온도가지나치게상승하는것을막기위해,상기심온실냉각기의최대냉력보다 낮은수준의냉력이심온실냉각기로부터상기심온실로공급되도록할수있다.
[125] 상기냉력은,냉각기자체의냉각능력과,냉각기에인접한곳에위치하는냉각 팬의송풍량중적어도하나를의미할수있다.예를들어,심온실의냉각기가 열전모듈인경우,제어부는,냉장실（또는냉동실）냉각운전과심온실냉각운전이 충돌하면,냉장실（또는냉동실）냉각운전을우선하여수행하되,열전모듈에 인가될수있는최대전압보다낮은전압이열전모듈에입력되도록제어할수 있다.
[126] 셋째,특수운전간의충돌이발생하는경우운전의우선순위는아래와같이 정해질수있다.
[127] I.냉장실도어부하대응운전과냉동실도어부하대응운전이충돌하면,
제어부는냉장실도어부하대응운전이우선하여수행되도록제어할수있다.
[128] II.냉동실도어부하대응운전과심온실도어부하대응운전이충돌하면,
제어부는심온실도어부하대응운전이우선하여수행되도록제어할수있다.
[129] III.냉장실운전과심온실도어부하대응운전이충돌하면,제어부는냉장실 운전과심온실도어부하대응운전이동시에수행하도록제어한후,냉장실 온도가특정온도 a에도달하면,심온실도어부하대응운전이단독으로 수행되도록제어할수있다.심온실도어부하대응운전이단독적으로수행되는 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
11 도중에냉장실온도가다시상승하여특정온도 15知＜15)에도달하면,제어부는 다시냉장실운전과심온실도어부하대응운전이동시에수행하도록제어할수 있다.이후에도,냉장실온도에따라,상기심온실과냉장실동시운전과심온실 단독운전간의운전전환과정이반복하여수행되도록제어할수있다.
[130] 한편,확장된변형예로,제어부는심온실부하대응운전의운전투입조건이 만족되면,상기냉장실운전과심온실도어부하대응운전이충돌한경우와 동일하게운전이수행되도록제어할수있다.
[131] 이하에서는,일례로서상기제 1저장실이냉장실,상기제 2저장실이냉동실, 상기제 3저장실이심온실인경우로한정하여설명한다.
[132] 도 1은본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의냉매순환시스템을보여주는
도면이다.
[133] 도 1을참조하면,본발명의실시예에따른냉매순환시스템 (10)은,냉매를 고온고압의기체냉매로압축하는압축기 (11)와,상기압축기 (11)로부터 토출되는냉매를고온고압의액상냉매로응축하는응축기 (12)와,상기 응축기 (12)로부터토출되는냉매를저온저압의 2상냉매로팽창시키는 팽창변과,상기팽창변을통과한냉매를저온저압의기체냉매로증발시키는 증발기를포함한다.상기증발기로부터토출되는냉매는상기압축기 (11)로 유입된다.상기의구성들은냉매배관에의하여서로연결되어폐회로를 구성한다.
[134] 상세히,상기팽창변은,냉장실팽창변 (14)과냉동실팽창변 (15)을포함할수 있다.상기응축기 (12)의출구측에서냉매배관은두갈래로나뉘어지고,두 갈래로나뉘어지는냉매배관에상기냉장실팽창변 (14)과상기냉동실 팽창변 (15)이각각연결된다.즉,상기냉장실팽창변 (14)과냉동실팽창변 (15)은 상기응축기 (12)의출구에서병렬연결된다.
[135] 상기응축기 (12)의출구측에서냉매배관이두갈래로나뉘어지는지점에절환 밸브 (13)가장착된다.상기절환밸브 (13)의개도조절동작에의하여상기 응축기 (12)를통과한냉매가상기냉장실팽창변 (14)과상기냉동실팽창변 (15) 중어느한쪽으로만흐르거나,양쪽으로나뉘어흐를수있다.
[136] 상기절환밸브 (13)는삼방밸브일수있고,운전모드에따라서냉매의흐름 방향이결정된다.여기서,상기삼방밸브와같은하나의절환밸브가상기 응축기 (12)의출구에장착되어냉매의흐름방향을제어할수도있고,다른 방법으로상기냉장실팽창변 (14)과냉동실팽창변 (15)의입구측에개폐밸브가 각각장착되는구조도가능할것이다.
[137] 한편,증발기배치방식에대한첫번째예로서,상기증발기는,상기냉장실 팽창변 (14)의출구측에연결되는냉장실증발기 (16)와,상기냉동실
팽창변 (15)의출구측에연결되는직렬연결되는히트싱크 (24)및냉동실 증발기 (17)를포함할수있다.상기히트싱크 (24)및냉동실증발기 (17)는직렬 연결되고,상기냉동실팽창변을통과한냉매는상기히트싱크 (24)를통과한후 상기냉동실증발기 (17)로유입된다.
[138] 두번째예로서,상기히트싱크 (24)는상기냉동실증발기 (17)의출구측에 배치되어,냉동실증발기 ( 17)를통과한냉매가히트싱크 (24)로유입되는구조도 가능함을밝혀둔다.
[139] 세번째예로서 ,상기히트싱크 (24)와냉동실증발기 (17)가상기냉동실
팽창변 (15)의출구단에서병렬연결되는구조를배제하지않는다.
[14이 상기히트싱크 (24)는증발기이지만,심온실냉기와열교환하는목적이아니라 후술할열전모듈의발열면을냉각시키는목적으로제공된다.
[141] 증발기의배치방법에대하여상기에서설명된세가지 예들각각에서 ,상기 절환밸브 (13)와냉장실팽창변 (14)및냉장실증발기 (16)가제거된제 1냉매 순환시스템과,냉장실냉각용증발기,냉장실냉각용팽창변,냉장실냉각용 응축기，냉장실냉각용압축기로이루어지는제 2냉매순환시스템이조합된 복합시스템도가능하다.여기서,상기제 1냉매순환시스템을구성하는 응축기와상기제 2냉매순환시스템을구성하는응축기가독립적으로제공될 수도있고,단일체로이루어지는응축기이되냉매는혼합되지않는복합 응죽기가제공될수도있다.
[142] 한편,심온실을포함하여저장실이 2개인냉장고의냉매순환시스템은,상기 제 1냉매순환시스템만으로구성하면된다.
[143] 이하에서는일례로서상기히트싱크와냉동실증발기 (17)가직렬연결되는 구조로한정하여설명하도록한다.
[144] 상기응축기 (12)에인접하는곳에는응축팬 (121)이장착되고,상기냉장실 증발기 (16)에인접하는곳에는냉장실팬 (161)이장착되며,상기냉동실 증발기 (17)에인접하는곳에는냉동실팬 (1기)이장착된다.
[145] 한편,본발명의실시예에따른냉매순환시스템이구비되는냉장고의
내부에는,상기냉장실증발기 (16)에서생성되는냉기에의하여냉장온도로 유지되는냉장실과,상기냉동실증발기 (16)에서생성되는냉기에의하여냉동 온도로유지되는냉동실,및후술하게될열전모듈에의하여극저온 (cryogenic) 또는초저온 (ultrafrezing)의온도로유지되는심온실 (dee freezing
compartment)(202)이형성된다.상기냉장실과냉동실은상하방향또는좌우 방향으로인접하여배치될수있고,구획벽에의하여서로구획된다.상기 심온실은상기냉동실내부의일측에구비될수있으나,본발명은상기 심온실이냉동실의외부일측에구비되는것을포함한다.상기심온실의냉기와 상기냉동실의냉기가서로열교환하는것을차단하기위하여단열성능이높은 심온케이스 (201)에의하여상기심온실 (202)은상기냉동실로부터구획될수 있다.
[146] 또한,상기열전모듈은,전원이공급되면한쪽면은열을흡수하고반대면은 열을방출하는특징을보이는열전소자 (21)와,상기열전소자 (21)의흡열면에 장착되는콜드싱크 (cold sink)(22)와,상기열전소자 (21)의발열면에장착되는 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
13 히트싱크 (1 !止)와,상기콜드싱크 (22)와히트싱크간의 열교환을차단하는 단열재 (23)를포함할수있다.
[147] 여기서 ,상기히트싱크 (24)는상기 열전소자 (21)의발열면에 접촉되는
증발기이다.즉,상기 열전소자 (21)의발열면으로전달되는열은상기히트 싱크 (24)내부를흐르는냉매와열교환한다.상기히트싱크 (24)내부를따라 흐르면서상기 열전소자 (21)의 발열면으로부터 열을흡수한냉매는상기 냉동실 증발기 (17)로유입된다.
[148] 또한,상기콜드싱크 (22)의 전방에는냉각팬이구비될수있고,상기 냉각팬은 상기심온실내부후측에 배치되므로심온실팬 (25)으로정의할수있다.
[149] 상기콜드싱크 (22)는상기심온실 (202)내부후방에 배치되어상기
심온실 (202)의 냉기에 노출되도록구성된다.따라서,상기심온실팬 (25)이 구동하여상기심온실 (202)냉기를강제순환시키면,상기콜드싱크 (22)는상기 심온실냉기와열교환을통하여 열을흡수한다음상기 열전소자 (21)의 흡열면으로전달하는기능을한다.상기흡열면으로전달된열은상기 열전 소자 (21)의발열면으로전달된다.
[150] 상기히트싱크 (24)는상기 열전소자 (21)의흡열면에서흡수되어상기 열전 소자 (21)의발열면으로전달된열을다시흡수하여상기 열전모듈 (20)외부로 방출시키는기능을한다.
[151] 도 2는본발명의실시예에따른냉장고의 냉동실과심온실구조를보여주는 사시도이고,도 3은도 2의 3-3을따라절개되는종단면도이다.
[152] 도 2및도 3을참조하면,본발명의실시예에 따른냉장고는냉동실 (102)을 정의하는인너 케이스 (101)와,상기 냉동실 (102)의 내부일측에장착되는심온 냉동유닛 (200)을포함한다.
[153] 상세히，냉장실내부는약섭씨 3ᄋ (:내외로유지되고,상기 냉동실 (102)내부는 약 - 18ᄋ (:내외로유지되는반면,상기심온냉동유닛 (200)내부의온도,즉 심온실 (202)내부온도는약 -50°0내외로유지되어야한다.따라서 ,심온실 (202) 내부온도를 - 50ᄋ (:의극저온으로유지하기위해서는냉동실증발기 외에 열전 모듈 (20)과같은부가적인냉동수단이필요하다.
[154] 더욱상세히,상기심온냉동유닛 (200)은,내부에심온실 (202)을형성하는심온 케이스 (201)와,상기심온케이스 (201)내부에슬라이딩삽입되는심온실 드로어 (203),및상기심온케이스 (201)의후면에장착되는열전모듈 (20)을 포함한다.
[155] 상기심온실드로어 (203)가적용되는대신,상기심온케이스 (201)전면일측에 심온실도어가연결되고,상기심온케이스 (201)내부전체가음식물저장 공간으로구성되는구조도가능하다.
[156] 또한,상기 인너 케이스 (101)의후면은후방으로단차져서,상기 냉동실
증발기 (17)가수용되는냉동증발실 (104)을형성한다.또한,구획벽 (103)에 의하여상기 인너 케이스 (101)의 내부공간이상기 냉동증발실 (104)과 냉동실 (102)로구획된다.상기 열전모듈 (20)은상기구획벽 (103)의 전면에고정 장착되고,일부가상기심온케이스 (201)를관통하여상기심온실 (202)내부에 수용된다.
[157] 상세히 ,상기 열전모듈 (20)을구성하는상기 히트싱크 (24)는,상술한바와 같이,상기 냉동실팽창변 (15)에 연결되는증발기일수있다.상기
구획벽 (103)에는상기 히트싱크 (24)가수용되는공간이 형성될수있다.
[158] 상기히트싱크 (24)내부에는냉동실팽창변 (15)을통과하면서 -18OC ~ -20OC? 정도로냉각된 2상냉매가흐르므로,상기 히트싱크 (24)의표면온도는 -18OC~ -20OC?로유지된다.여기서,냉동실팽창변 (15)을통과한냉매의온도와압력은 냉동실온도조건에 따라달라질수있음을밝혀둔다.
[159] 상기히트싱크 (24)의 전면에상기 열전소자 (21)의후면이접촉되고,상기 열전 소자 (21)에 전원이 인가되면상기 열전소자 (21)의후면은발열면이 된다.
[160] 상기 열전소자의 전면에는상기콜드싱크 (22)가접촉되고,상기 열전
소자 (21)에 전원이 인가되면상기 열전소자 (21)의 전면은흡열면이 된다.
[161] 상기콜드싱크 (22)는알루미늄소재로이루어지는열전도판과,상기
열전도판의 전면에서 연장되는다수의 열교환핀 (fin)을포함할수있고,상기 다수의 열교환핀은수직하게 연장되고가로방향으로이격 배치될수있다.
[162] 여기서,열전도판과열교환핀으로이루어지는열전도체의 적어도일부분을 감싸거나수용하는하우징이 제공될경우,상기콜드싱크 (22)는,상기 열전도체 뿐만아니라상기하우징도포함하는열전달부재로해석되어야한다.이는, 상기 히트싱크 (22)에도동일하게 적용되어,상기히트싱크 (22)는열전도판과 열교환핀으로이루어지는열전도체뿐만아니라,하우징이제공될경우 하우징을포함하는열전달부재로해석되어야한다.
[163] 상기콜드싱크 (22)의 전방에는상기심온실팬 (25)이 배치되어,상기
심온실 (202)내부공기를강제순환시킨다.
[164] 이하에서는열전소자의효율및냉력에 대하여설명한다.
[165] 열전모듈 (20)의효율은성능계수 (C0P : Coefficient Of Performance)로정의될 수있고,효율식은아래와같다.
Figure imgf000016_0001
[167] Q c :냉력 (Cooling Capacity,열을톱수하는능력)
[168] *P e :입력 (Input Power,열전소자에 공급된전력 )
[169] P = V /' . i
[17이 또한,열전모듈 (20)의 냉력은아래와같이 정의될수있다.
Figure imgf000016_0002
[172] ＜반도체소재특성 계수＞ [173] a:제벡 (Seebeck)계수 [V/K]
[174] p:비저항 [Qm-1]
[175] k:열전도도 [W/mk]
[176] ＜반도체구조특성＞
[177] L :열전소자두께 :흡열면과발열면의거리
[178] A :열전소자의면적
[179] ＜시스템사용조건＞
[180] i :전류
[181] V :전압
[182] Th :열전소자의발열면온도
[183] Tc :열전소자이흡열면온도
[184]
[185] 위의냉력식에서 ,우측첫번째항은펠티어효과 (Peltier Effect)로정의될수 있고,전압차에의한흡열면과발열면양단간의이동열량으로정의될수있다. 상기펠티어효과는전류함수로서공급전류에비례하여증가한다.
[186] V = iR식에서 ,열전소자를구성하는반도체는저항으로작용하고,상기
저항을상수로간주할수있으므로,전압과전류는비례관계에있다고할수 있다.즉,상기열전소자 (21)에걸리는전압이증가하면전류도증가함을 의미한다.따라서,상기펠티어효과는전류함수로볼수도있고전압의함수로 볼수도있다·
[187] 상기냉력또한전류의함수또는전압의함수로볼수있다.상기펠티어
효과는상기냉력을증가시키는플러스효과로작용한다.즉,공급전압이 커지면펠티어효과가증가하여냉력이증가한다.
[188] 상기냉력식에서두번째항은줄효과 (Joule Effect)로정의된다.
[189] 상기줄효과는,저항체에전류가인가되면열이발생하는효과를의미한다. 다시말하면,열전소자에전원을공급하면열이발생하므로,이는냉력을 감소시키는마이너스효과로작용한다.따라서,열전소자에공급되는전압이 증가하면줄효과가증가하여열전소자의냉력을저하시키는결과를가져온다.
[19이 상기냉력식에서세번째항은푸리에효과 (Fourier Effect)로정의된다.
[191] 상기푸리에효과는,열전소자의양면에온도차가발생하면열전도에의하여 열이이동하는효과를의미한다.
[192] 상세히,상기열전소자는세라믹기판으로이루어지는흡열면과발열면,상기 흡열면과발열면사이에배치되는반도체를포함한다.상기열전소자에전압을 걸어주면흡열면과발열면사이에온도차가발생하게된다.상기흡열면을 통하여흡수되는열은반도체를통과하여발열면으로전달된다.그런데,상기 흡열면과발열면의온도차가발생하면,열전도에의하여발열면으로부터 흡열면으로열이역류하는현상이발생하며,이를푸리에효과라고한다.
[193] 상기푸리에효과는줄효과와마찬가지로냉력을저하시키는마이너스효과로 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
16 작용한다.다시 말하면,공급전류가증가하면,열전소자의 발열면과흡열면의 온도차（I ^ ,）,즉스!값이커지게되어 냉력을저하시키는결과를가져온다.
[194] 도 4는입력 전압및푸리에 효과에 대한냉력의관계를보여주는그래프이다.
[195] 도 4를참조하면,푸리에효과는흡열면과발열면의온도차,즉스!의함수로 정의할수있다.
[196] 상세히,열전소자의규격이결정되면,위 냉력식의푸리에효과항에서ᄂ쇼및 값은상수값이 되므로,푸리에효과는쇼1를변수로하는함수로볼수있다.
[197] 따라서,스!가커질수록푸리에 효과값은증가하나푸리에 효과는냉력에
마이너스효과로작용하므로결국냉력은감소하게된다.
[198] 도 4의그래프에서보이는바와같이,전압이 일정한조건하에서스!가클수록 냉력은적음을알수있다.
[199] 또한 를고정한상태,예컨대 가 30ᄋ（:인경우로한정하여 전압변화에 따른냉력 변화를살펴보면,전압값이증가할수록냉력이증가하다가어느 지점에서 최고치를보인후다시감소하는포물선형태를그리게된다.
[200] 여기서 전압과전류는비례관계에 있기 때문에위 냉력식에기재된전류를 전압으로보고동일하게해석하여도무방함을밝혀둔다.
[201] 상세히 ,공급전압（또는전류）이증가함에따라냉력이증가하게되는데이는 위 냉력식으로설명될수있다.먼저상기
Figure imgf000018_0001
값을고정하였으므로상수가된다. 열전소자의규격 별상기스!값은정해지기 때문에,요구되는스!값에 따라 적정한열전소자의규격을설정할수있다.
[202] 스!가고정되므로상기푸리에효과는상수로볼수있고,결국냉력은
전압（또는전류）의 1차함수로볼수있는펠티어 효과와전압（또는전류）의 2차 함수로볼수있는줄효과의함수로단순화될수있다.
[203] 전압값이 점진적으로증가함에 따라,전압의 1차함수인펠티어 효과의
증가량이 전압의 2차함수인줄효과의증가량보다커서,결과적으로냉력이 증가하는양태를보인다.다시 말하면,냉력이최대가될때까지는줄효과의 함수는상수에가까워서 냉력이 전압의 1차함수에근접하는형태를보이게 된다.
[204] 전압이더증가할수록펠티어 효과에따른이동열량보다줄효과에 의한자체 발열량이 더커지는역전현상이 발생하게되고,그결과냉력은다시감소하는 양태를보이는것을확인할수있다.이는전압（또는전류）의 1차함수인펠티어 효과와전압（또는전류）의 2차함수인줄효과의함수관계식으로부터더욱 명확하게 이해될수있다.즉,냉력이감소할때는냉력은전압의 2차함수에 근접하는형태를보이게된다.
[205] 도 4의그래프상에서는공급전압이 약 30내지 4 범위구간,더욱
구체적으로는약 35¥일때냉력이 최대임을확인할수있다.따라서,냉력만 고려한다면열전소자에 30내지 40¥범위 내의 전압차가발생하도록하는것이 좋다고말할수있다. [206] 도 5는입력전압및푸리에효과에대한효율관계를보여주는그래프이다.
[207] 도 5를참조하면,동일전압대비 AT가클수록효율이적음을확인할수있다. 이는,효율이냉력에비례하기때문에당연한결과라할것이다.
[208] 또한 AT를고정한상태,예컨대 AT가 30OC인경우로한정하여전압변화에 따른효율변화를살펴보면,공급전압이증가할수록효율도함께증가하다가 어느시점을경과하면효율이오히려감소하는양태를보인다.이는전압변화에 따른냉력그래프와유사하다고할수있다.
[209] 여기서 ,상기효율 (C0P)은냉력뿐만아니라입력전력의함수이기도하며 , 입력 (Pe)은,열전소자 (21)의저항을상수로보면, V 2의함수가된다.냉력을 V 2 으로나누면효율은결국, 펠티어효과-푸리에효과 로나타낼수있다.
P
따라서,상기효율의그래프는도 5에보이는바와같은형태를이룬다고볼수 있다.
[210] 도 5의그래프상에서효율이최대인지점은열전소자에걸리는전압차 (또는 공급전압)가대략 20V미만인영역에서나타남을확인할수있다.따라서, 요구되는 AT가결정되면,그에따라적절한전압을걸어주어효율이최대가 되도록하는것이좋다.즉,히트싱크의온도와심온실 (202)의설정온도가 결정되면 AT가결정되고,그에따라서열전소자에걸리는최적의전압차를 결정할수있다.
[211] 도 6은전압에따른냉력과효율의상관관계를보여주는그래프이다.
[212] 도 6을참조하면,상술한바와같이,전압차가커질수록냉력과효율모두
증가후감소하는모습을보여준다.
[213] 상세히 ,냉력이최대가되는전압값과효율이최대가되는전압값이다르게 나타나는것을볼수있는데,이는냉력이최대가될때까지는전압의 1차 함수이고,효율은전압의 2차함수이기때문으로볼수있다.
[214] 도 6에보이는바와같이 ,일례로서 AT가 30OC인열전소자의경우열전소자에 걸리는전압차가대략 12V ~ 17V범위내에서열전소자의효율이가장높게 나오는것을확인할수있다.상기전압의범위내에서냉력은계속해서 증가하는모습을보인다.따라서,냉력을함께고려하여적어도 12V이상의 전압차가요구되고,전압차가 14V일때효율이최대임을알수있다.
[215] 도 7은고내부하변동에따른냉장고제어를위한기준온도선을보여주는 도면이다.
[216] 이하에서는각저장실의설정온도를노치온도 (notch temperature)로정의하여 설명한다.상기기준온도선은임계온도선으로표현될수도있다.
[217] 그래프상에서하측의기준온도선은만족온도영역과불만족온도영역을 구분하는기준온도선이다.따라서,하측의기준온도선아래영역 (서은만족 구간또는만족영역으로정의되고,하측의기준온도선위영역 (피은불만족 구간또는불만족영역으로정의될수있다.
[218] 또한,상측의기준온도선은불만족온도영역과상한온도영역을구분하는 기준온도선이다.따라서 ,상측의기준온도선위영역 (C)은상한영역또는상한 구간으로정의될수있고,특수운전영역으로볼수있다.
[219] 한편,냉장고제어를위한만족/불만족/상한온도영역을정의할때,하측의 기준온도선은만족온도영역에포함되도록하는경우와불만온도영역에 포함되도록하는경우중어느하나로정의될수있다.또한,상측의기준 온도선은불만족온도영역에포함되도록하는경우와상한온도영역에 포함되도록하는경우중하나로정의될수있다.
[22이 고내온도가만족영역 (A)내에 있는경우에는압축기를구동하지않으며 , 불만족영역 (피에 있는경우에압축기를구동하여고내온도가만족영역내로 들어오도록한다.
[221] 또한,고내온도가상한영역 (C)에있는경우는,고내로온도가높은음식물이 투입되었거나,해당저장실의도어가개방되어고내부하가급격히증가한 것으로보아부하대응운전을포함하는특수운전알고리즘이수행될수있다.
[222] 도 7의 (a)는냉장실온도변화에따른냉장고제어를위한기준온도선을
보여주는도면이다.
[223] 냉장실의노치온도 (N1)는영상의온도로설정된다.냉장실온도가노치
온도 (N1)로유지되록하기위하여 ,노치온도 (N1)보다제 1온도차 (dl)만큼높은 제 1만족임계온도 (Ni l)로상승하면,압축기를구동하도록제어되고,압축기 구동후상기노치온도 (N1)보다상기제 1온도차 (dl)만큼더낮은제 2만족 임계온도 (N12)로하강하면압축기를정지하도록제어된다.
[224] 상기제 1온도차 (dl)는상기냉장실의노치온도 (N1)로부터증가또는감소된 온도값으로써,상기냉장실온도가설정온도인노치온도 (N1)로유지되는 것으로간주되는온도구간을정의하는제어디퍼런셜 (control differential)또는 제어디퍼런셜온도 (control diffetial temperature)로정의될수있으며,대략 1.5 일수있다.
[225] 또한,냉장실온도가노치온도 (N1)로부터제 2온도차 (d2)만큼더높은제 1 불만족임계온도 (N13)로상승하였다고판단되면특수운전알고리즘이 수행되도록제어된다.상기제 2온도차 (d2)는 4.5OC일수있다.상기제 1불만족 임계온도는상한투입온도로정의될수도있다.
[226] 특수운전알고리즘이수행된이후에고내온도가상기제 1불만족임계
온도보다제 3온도차 (d3)만큼더낮은제 2불만족온도 (N14)로하강하면,상기 특수운전알고리즘의운전을종료한다.상기제 2불만족온도 (N14)는제 1 불만족온도 (N13)보다낮으며,상기제 3온도차 (d3)는 3.0OC일수있다.상기제 2 불만족임계온도 (N14)는상한해제온도로정의될수있다.
[227] 상기특수운전알고리즘이종료한다음에는압축기의냉력을조절하여고내 온도가상기제 2만족임계온도 (N12)에도달하도록한후압축기의구동을 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
19 정지한다.
[228] 도 7의（비는냉동실온도변화에따른냉장고제어를위한기준온도선을
보여주는도면이다.
[229] 냉동실온도제어를위한기준온도선의형태는냉장실온도제어를위한기준 온도선의형태와동일하되,노치온도어2）및노치온도어2）로부터증가또는 감소하는온도변화량少1ᅩ2太3）이냉장실의노치온도에）와온도
변화량（바,（12,（13）과다를뿐이다.
[23이 상기냉동실노치온도어2）는상술한바와같이 -18°0일수있으나이에
제한되는것은아니다.상기냉동실온도가설정온도인노치온도어2）로 유지되는것으로간주되는온도구간을정의하는제어디퍼런셜온도少1）는 2 일수있다.
[231] 따라서 ,냉동실온도가노치온도어2）보다제 1온도차少1）만큼증가한제 1 만족임계온도어21）로증가하면압축기를구동하고,노치온도어2）보다제 2 온도차少2）만큰증가한제 1불만족임계온도（상한투입온도）（N23）이면특수 운전알고리즘이수행된다.
[232] 또한,압축기구동후냉동실온도가노치온도어2）보다제 1온도차少1）만큼 낮은제 2만족임계온도온도어22）로하강하면압축기구동을정지한다.
[233] 특수운전알고리즘이수행된이후냉동실온도가제 1불만족온도어23）보다 제 3온도차少3）만큼낮은제 2불만족임계온도（상한해제온도）어24）로 하강하면특수운전알고리즘을종료한다.압축기냉력조절을통하여냉동실 온도가제 2만족임계온도어22）로하강하도록한다.
[234] 한편,심온실모드가꺼진상태에서도상기심온실의온도를일정주기를
가지고간헐적으로제어하여심온실온도가과도하게상승하는것을방지할 필요가있다.따라서,심온실모드가꺼진상태에서상기심온실의온도제어는, 도 7의（비에개시되는냉동실온도제어를위한온도기준선을따른다.
[235] 이와같이 ,심온실모드가꺼진상태에서냉동실온도제어를위한기준
온도선이적용되는이유는,심온실이냉동실내부에 있기때문이라고할수 있다.
[236] 즉,심온실모드가오프되어심온실을사용하지않는경우라하더라도,심온실 내부온도는적어도냉동실온도와동일한수준을유지하도록하여야,냉동실 부하가증가되는현상을방지할수있기때문이다.
[237] 따라서 ,심온실모드가꺼진상태에서 ,심온실노치온도는냉동실노치
온도어2）와동일하게설정되어,제 1및제 2만족임계온도와제 1및제 2 불만족임계온도또한냉동실온도제어를위한임계
온도들어21 22 23 24）과동일하게설정된다.
[238] 도 7의切는심온실모드가켜진상태에서심온실온도변화에따른냉장고 제어를위한기준온도선을보여주는도면이다.
[239] 심온실모드가켜진상태,즉심온실이온된상태에서는심온실노치 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
20 온도어3）는냉동실노치온도어2）보다현저히낮은온도로설정되며,약 -45°0 - -55ᄋ（:,바람직하게는 -55ᄋ（:일수있다.이 경우,심온실노치온도어3）는열전 소자（21）의흡열면온도에 대응되고,냉동실노치온도어2）는열전소자（21）의 발열면온도에 대응된다고할수있다.
[24이 냉동실팽창변（15）을통과한냉매가히트싱크（24）를통과하므로,히트
싱크（24）와접촉하는열전소자（21）의 발열면의온도는적어도냉동실팽창변을 통과한냉매의온도에 대응하는온도로유지된다.따라서,열전소자의흡열면과 발열면의온도차,즉스!는 32ᄋ（:가된다.
[241] 한편,심온실이설정온도인노치온도어3）로유지되는것으로간주되는온도 구간을정의하는제어 디퍼런셜온도（나）,즉심온실제어 디퍼런셜온도는 냉동실냉동실제어 디퍼런셜온도少1）보다높게설정될수있으며,일례로 3ᄋ（:일 수있다.
[242] 따라서 ,심온실의제 1만족임계온도어31）와제 2만족임계온도어32）사이 구간으로정의되는설정온도유지 간주구간은냉동실의설정온도유지 간주 구간보다넓다고할수있다.
[243] 또한,심온실온도가노치온도어3）보다제 2온도차知 12）만큼높은제 1불만족 임계온도어33）로상승하면특수운전알고리즘이수행되고,특수운전알고리즘 수행 이후심온실온도가상기 제 1불만족임계온도어33）보다제 3
온도차知 13）만큼낮은제 2불만족임계온도어34）로하강하면특수운전 알고리즘을종료한다.상기제 2온도차知 12）는 5ᄋ（:일수있다.
[244] 여기서 ,심온실의제 2온도차知 12）가냉동실의제 2온도차少2）보다높게
설정된다.다시 말하면,심온실온도제어를위한제 1불만족임계온도어33）와 심온실노치온도어3）간의 간격이 ,냉동실온도제어를위한제 1불만족임계 온도어23）와냉동실노치온도어2）간의간격보다크게설정된다.
[245] 이는,심온실의내부공간이 냉동실에 비하여좁고,심온케이스（201）의 단열 성능이 뛰어나기 때문에심온실내부로투입된부하가외부로방출되는양이 적다.뿐만아니라,심온실온도가냉동실온도에 비하여 현저히낮기 때문에, 심온실내부로음식물과같은열부하가침투하였을때,열부하에 대한반응 민감도가매우높다.
[246] 이 때문에,심온실의 제 2온도차如2）가냉동실의 제 2온도차少2）와동일하게 설정될경우,부하대응운전과같은특수운전알고리즘의수행빈도가 과도하게높아질수있다.따라서,특수운전알고리즘의수행빈도를낮추어 소비 전력을절감하기 위하여,심온실의제 2온도차（1112）는냉동실의제 2 온도차少2）보다크게설정하는것이좋다.
[247] 한편,이하에서는본발명의실시예에 따른냉장고의 제어방법에 대해서
설명하도록한다.
[248] 이하에서다수의조건들중적어도어느하나를만족하면특정단계를
수행한다고하는내용은,제어부가판단하는시점에서상기다수의조건들중 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
21 어느하나만만족하면특정단계를수행한다는의미에 더하여,다수의조건들중 어느하나만,또는일부만,또는전부가반드시 만족되어야특정 단계를 수행한다는의미를포함하는것으로해석되어야한다.
[249] 도 8은본발명의실시예에따른열전모듈의사시도이고,도 9는상기 열전 모듈의분해사시도이다.
[25이 도 8및도 9를참조하면,본발명의실시예에 따른열전모듈 (20)은,상술한 바와같이,열전소자 (21)와,열전소자 (21)의흡열면에접촉하는콜드
싱크 (22)와,상기 열전소자 (21)의발열면에 접촉하는히트싱크 (24)와,상기콜드 싱크 (22)와히트싱크 (24)의 열전달을차단하는단열재 (23)를포함할수있다.
[251] 상기 열전모듈 (20)은,상기콜드싱크 (22)의 전방에 배치되는심온실팬 (25)을 더포함할수있다.
[252] 또한,상기 열전모듈 (20)은,상기콜드싱크 (22)의 열교환핀에장착되어,콜드 싱크 (22)의온도를감지하는제상센서 (26)를더포함할수있다.상기제상 센서 (26)는,제상과정에서콜드싱크 (22)의표면온도를감지하고제어부로 전송하여 ,제어부가제상완료시점을판단할수있도록기능한다.제어부에서는 제상센서 (26)로부터 전송되는온도값에근거하여제상불량여부도판단할수 있다.
[253] 또한,상기 열전모듈 (20)은,상기 히트싱크 (24)를수용하는하우징 (27)을더 포함할수있다.상기하우징 (27)은상기심온케이스 (201)보다단열성능이낮은 소재로이루어질수있다.
[254] 상술한바와같이,열전도판과열교환핀으로이루어지는열전도체를
수용하는상기하우징 (27)이제공되는구조에서는,상기히트싱크 (24)는상기 열전도체 및상기하우징 (27)을포함하는구조인것으로해석될수있다.
[255] 상기하우징 (27)에는,상기히트싱크 (245)의두께와면적에 대응하는크기의 히트싱크수용부 (2기)가함몰형성될수있다.상기히트싱크수용부 (2기)의 좌우측가장자리에는다수의 체결보스 (272)가돌출될수있다.체결
부재 (272幻는상기콜드싱크 (22)의 양측면을관통하여상기 체결보스 (272)에 삽입됨으로써,열전모듈 (20)을구성하는구성요소들이단일체로조립된다.
[256] 또한,상기 냉동실증발기 (17)와직렬연결되는증발기가상기 히트싱크 (24)로 기능하므로,상기 히트싱크 (24)의측면가장자리에는냉매가유입되는 유입관 (241)과냉매가유출되는유출관 (242)이 연장형성될수있다.상기 하우징 (27)에는상기유입관 (241)과유출관 (242)이관통하는배관통과홀 (273)이 형성될수있다.
[257] 또한,상기단열재 (23)의중앙에는상기 열전소자 (21)의크기에 대응하는열전 소자수용홀 (231)이 형성된다.상기단열재 (23)의두께는상기 열전소자 (21)의 두께보다두껍게형성되고,상기콜드싱크 (22)의후면일부분이상기 열전소자 수용홀 (231)에삽입될수있다.
[258] 한편,상기 열전모듈 (20)을구성하는콜드싱크 (22)와히트싱크 (24)는영하의 온도로유지되기때문에,표면에성에또는얼음이성장하여열교환성능저하 문제가발생할수있다.특히,히트싱크 (24)는열전소자 (21)의발열면을 냉각시키는방열기로기능하지만,내부에흐르는냉매가 -20OC내외의온도로 유지되기때문에,히트싱크 (24)의표면에도결빙이생기게된다.
[259] 이러한이유로,주기적으로제상운전을통해서콜드싱크 (22)와히트
싱크 (24)의표면에착상된얼음을제거해주어야한다.이하에서는열전모듈에 생성된얼음이나성에를녹이는운전을심온실제상운전으로정의하고,심온실 제상운전은콜드싱크제상과히트싱크제상을포함하는것으로정의한다.
[26이 도 10은냉동증발실쪽에서바라본열전모듈수용공간의모습을보여주는 확대사시도이고,도 11은열전모듈이구비된심온실후단부구조를보여주는 확대단면도이다.
[261] 도 10및도 11을참조하면,냉동실 (102)과냉동증발실 (104)은구획벽 (103)에 의하여구획되고,상기심온냉동유닛 (200)을구성하는심온케이스 (202)의 후면은상기구획벽 (103)의전면에밀착된다.
[262] 상세히 ,상기구획벽 (103)은,냉동실냉기에노출되는그릴팬 (grille pan)(51)과, 상기그릴팬 (51)의후면에부착되는쉬라우드 (shroud)(56)를포함할수있다.
[263] 상기그릴팬 (51)의전면에는냉동실측토출그릴들 (511, 512)이상하로
이격되어돌출형성되고,상기냉동실측토출그릴들 (511,512)사이에해당하는 상기그릴팬 (51)의전면에는모듈슬리브 (53)가돌출형성된다.상기모듈 슬리브 (53)의내부에는상기열전모듈 (20)이수용되는열전모듈수용부 (531)가 형성된다.
[264] 더욱상세히,상기모듈슬리브 (53)의내부에는유동가이드 (532)가원통형상 또는다각통형상으로구비될수있고,상기유동가이드 (532)의내부는팬 그릴부 (fan grille part)(536)에의하여전방공간과후방공간으로구획될수있다. 상기팬그릴부 (536)에는다수의공기통과홀이형성될수있다.
[265] 상기모듈슬리브 (53)와상기유동가이드 (532)사이,즉상기유동
가이드 (532)의상측과하측에에는심온실측토출그릴 (533, 534)이각각형성될 수있다.
[266] 상기팬그릴부 (536)의후방에해당하는상기유동가이드 (532)의내부에는 상기심온실팬 (25)이수용될수있다.상기팬그릴부 (536)의전방공간에 해당하는상기유동가이드 (532)부분은,심온실냉기가상기심온실팬 (25)으로 흡입되도록냉기흐름을안내하는기능을한다.즉,상기유동가이드 (532)의 내측공간으로인입되어상기팬그릴부 (536)를통과한냉기는,상기심온실 팬 (25)의반경방향으로토출되면서상기콜드싱크 (22)와열교환한다.상기콜드 싱크 (22)와열교환하면서냉각되어상하방향으로유동하는냉기는상기 심온실측토출그릴 (533, 534)을통하여심온실로다시토출된다.
[267] 상기열전모듈수용부 (531)는,상기유동가이드 (532)의후단 (또는심온실
팬 (25)의후단)으로부터상기그릴팬 (51)의후면사이의공간으로정의될수 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
23 있다.
[268] 여기서 ,상기히트싱크 (24)를수용하는상기하우징 (27)은상기구획벽 (103)의 후면으로부터후방으로돌출되어상기 냉동증발실 (104)내에놓인다.따라서, 상기하우징 (27)의후면은냉동증발실 (104)냉기에 노출되어,상기하우징 (27)의 표면온도는실질적으로냉동증발실내의 냉기온도와동일또는유사한수준의 온도로유지된다.
[269] 한편,상기 열전모듈수용부 (531)내부에는상기콜드싱크 (22)가수용되고, 상기 단열재 (23)와,열전소자 (21)및히트싱크 (24)는상기하우징 (27)내부에 수용되는구조로이루어진다.
[27이 상기 열전모듈수용부 (531)의바닥부 (535)는어느일측을향하여하향
경사지게설계될수있고,상기 어느일측은상기 바닥부 (535)의중앙부일수 있으나이에제한되지는않는다.상기바닥부 (535)중가장낮은지점에제상수 가이드 (30)가장착되기 위한함몰부가형성될수있다.상기제상수가이드 (30)는 상기 함몰부에끼워져서,심온실제상운전중에발생하는제상수가냉동 증발실 (104)의바닥으로흘러내리도록가이드하는배수홀기능을수행한다.
[271] 한편,심온실제상운전과정에서상기콜드싱크 (22)로부터분리되어상기
바닥부 (535)로낙하하는얼음덩어리는신속하게녹아서상기제상수
가이드 (30)를따라상기 열전모듈수용부 (531)의 외부로배출되어야한다.
[272] 그러나,제상운전이종료되기 전까지 바닥부 (535)로낙하한얼음을녹이기 위해서는별도의가열수단이필요하다.이러한이유때문에,상기 바닥부 (535)와 상기 제상수가이드 (30)내부에는콜드싱크히터 (40)가배열될수있다.
[273] 상세히 ,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)는상기 바닥부 (535)에다수회 절곡되어
구불구불하게 배치되는메인히터 (41)와,상기 제상수가이드 (30)내부로 인입되는가이드히터 (42)를포함할수있다.상기 메인히터 (41)와가이드 히터 (42)는하나의 히터가다수회절곡되어 형성될수도있지만,별도의히터가 각각제공되는것을배제하지 않는다.
[274] 한편,심온실제상과냉동실제상이수행될때,상기심온실온도와냉동증발실 온도가정상상태에서의심온실온도와냉동증발실온도보다증가한다.그러나, 온도가증가하더라도심온실내부온도와냉동증발실온도는여전히 결빙 온도보다현저히낮은온도로유지된다.
[275] 특히,심온실내부온도는냉동증발실온도보다더낮은영하의온도로
유지된다.이러한상태에서 ,심온실제상 (열전모듈제상)과냉동실제상 (냉동실 증발기 제상)이수행될때,심온실내부에 떠다니는습증기가제상수가이드를 통하여 냉동증발실로유입될수있다.
[276] 이때,냉동증발실로유입되는습증기는냉동증발실냉기와접촉하여온도가 떨어지면서 제상수가이드에착상될수있다.착상현상이지속되면,제상수 가이드가얼음에의하여 막히는현상이 발생할수있다.따라서,이러한결빙에 의한제상수배출홀막힘 현상을방지할수있는수단이요구된다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
24
[277] 도 12는본발명의실시예에따른제상수배출홀막힘수단이구비된구획부의 배면사시도이고,도 13은상기제상수배출홀막힘수단이구비된구획부의 분해사시도이다.
[278] 도 12및도 13을참조하면,본발명의실시예에따른구획벽은,상술한바와 같이,그릴팬 (51)과쉬라우드 (52)를포함할수있다.
[279] 상기그릴팬 (51)은,실질적으로상기냉동실 (102)과냉동증발실 (104)을
구획하는구획부재로기능하고,상기쉬라우드 (52)는,상기냉동
증발실 (104)에서생성된냉기를상기냉동실 (102)로공급하기위한냉기유로를 형성하는덕트부재로기능하는것으로이해될수있다.
[28이 상세히 ,상기쉬라우드 (52)는,상기그릴팬 (51)의배면에결합되고,대략
중앙부에냉동실팬장착홀 (522)이형성될수있다.상기냉동실팬
장착홀 (522)에냉동실팬 (1기 :도 1참조)이장착되어,상기냉동증발실 (104) 내의냉기를흡입한다.
[281] 또한,상기쉬라우드 (52)는,상부토출가이드 (523)와하부토출가이드 (524)를 포함할수있다.
[282] 상기상부토출가이드 (523)와하부토출가이드 (524)의단부들은,상기
쉬라우드 (52)가상기그릴팬 (51)의배면에결합되면,상기그릴팬 (51)에형성된 냉동실측토출그릴 (511, 512)에각각연결된다.따라서,상기냉동실
팬 (1기)으로부터토출되는냉기는상기상부토출가이드 (523)와하부토출 가이드 (524)를따라흘러서상기냉동실 (102)로공급된다.
[283] 한편,상기쉬라우드 (52)의일측에는,상기열전모듈 (20)을구성하는
하우징 (27)이삽입되는하우징수용홀 (521)이형성될수있다.상기하우징 수용홀 (521)은상기열전모듈 (20)과의간섭을방지하기위한절개부로이해될 수있다.
[284] 또한,상기쉬라우드 (52)가상기그릴팬 (51)에결합된상태에서,상기열전
모듈수용부 (531)의바닥부 (535)와상기제상수가이드 (30)를차폐하는영역에 대응하는상기쉬라우드 (52)의부분에는백히터안착부 (525)가형성될수있다.
[285] 상기백히터안착부 (525)는상기하우징수용홀 (521)의하단에형성될수있다. 상기백히터안착부 (525)는상기하부토출가이드 (524)보다후방으로돌출되는 면으로정의될수있다.상기백히터안착부 (525)와상기하부토출
가이드 (525)의후면사이에형성되는단차부에는가이드관통홀 (526)이형성될 수있다.
[286] 상기제상수가이드 (30)는상기가이드관통홀 (526)을관통하여상기냉동
증발실 (104)에연결된다.따라서,상기제상수가이드 (30)를따라낙하하는 제상수는상기하부토출가이드 (524)의후면을따라흘러내리게된다.
[287] 또한,상기백히터안착부 (525)에는백히터 (43)가안착될수있다.상기
백히터 (43)에전원이인가되면,상기백히터안착부 (525)가가열된다.상기 백히터안착부 (525)가가열되면,상기백히터안착부 (525)와그주변에해당하는 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
25 상기 쉬라우드 (52)의 배면에는성에가착상되지 않는효과가있다.
[288] 상기 백히터 (43)와상기콜드싱크히터 (40)는서로다른독립된히터들일수 있고,제어부에 의하여독립적을온오프제어가가능하도록설계될수있다. 그러나,독립된히터들이지만,동시에온되거나오프되도록제어될수있다.
[289] 도 14는본발명의다른실시예에 따른콜드싱크와연결된백히터구조를
보여주는사시도이다.
[29이 도 14를참조하면,본발명의실시예에따른백히터 (43)는상기제상히터 (40)와 결합된구조또는연결된구조또는단일체구조로이루어질수있다.
[291] 상세히 ,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)와결합된백히터 (43)는,단일의히터가다수 회 절곡되어 ,메인히터 (41)와가이드히터 (42)및 백히터 (43)로구분될수있다. 즉,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)가,메인히터부와,가이드히터부,및 백히터부로 구분될수있다.
[292] 이러한구조로이루어지는콜드싱크히터 (40)와백히터 (43)는,동시에온되고 동시에오프되도록제어될수있다.그러나,이에 제한되지 않고독립적으로온 또는오프되도록제어될수도있다.
[293] 이하에서는냉장고의 각저장실별제상운전을위한제어방법에 대하여
설명한다.
[294] 본발명의 일실시예로,냉매순환시스템을기준으로,히트싱크와냉동실
증발기가직렬로연결되고,냉장실증발기가히트싱크와병렬연결되는 구조에서의 제상운전제어방법에 대해서설명한다.
[295] 먼저 냉장실증발기의표면에 형성된얼음을제거하는냉장실제상운전에
대하여 설명한다.냉장실제상운전이시작되면,냉장실밸브가폐쇄되어 냉장실 증발기쪽으로냉매공급이중단된다.냉장실증발기쪽으로냉매공급을 중단하는방법으로는,냉매밸브의 개도조절을통한공급중단또는압축기 구동이중지하여 냉각사이클자체가휴지기에들어가는방법등을들수있다.
[296] 도 15는본발명의실시예에따른냉장실제상운전제어 방법을보여주는
플로차트이다.
[297] 도 15를참조하면,일반냉각운전을수행하다가 110),제어부에서는제 1 냉장실제상운전조건이만족되었는지 여부를판단한다 (別20).
[298] 냉장실제상운전은,제상히터를작동시키는다른증발기의제상운전과달리 , 제상히터의구동없이 냉장실팬을저속으로회전시키는자연제상방식이 적용된다.이는,냉장실증발기를지나는냉매의온도는냉동실증발기의 냉매 온도보다상대적으로높기 때문에,증발기표면에부착된성에나얼음의 양이 적고,얼음의온도가결빙온도범위 내이기 때문으로설명될수있다.냉장실 제상을위한제상히터를구동시키는방법을배제하는것은아니다.
[299] 상세히，제 1냉장실제상운전조건 (또는제 1자연제상모드)은,일반제상 운전상황이발생하였는지 여부를판단하기 위한조건으로정의될수있다.
[300] 예를들어 ,냉동실제상시작조건이만족되어 냉동실제상운전이시작되면, 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
26 상기제 1냉장실제상운전조건이만족된것으로설정될수있다.
[301] 상기제 1냉장실제상운전조건이만족되면,제상운전 1단계가
수행된다 130）.제상운전 1단계에서는,냉장실팬을저속으로구동하며,상기 냉장실팬의속도는,냉장실일반냉각운전모드에서적용되는냉장실팬의 속도보다낮은속도로설정될수있다.
[302] 제상운전 1단계가수행되는동안,제어부에서는상기제상운전 1단계완료 조건이만족되었는지여부를판단한다（別40）.상세히 ,냉장실증발기에부착된 냉장실제상센서에서감지되는온도가설정온도（1 !）이상인경우,냉동실 제상운전완료조건이만족된경우,및제상운전 1단계가시작된시점으로부터 설정시간 ）이경과한경우중적어도하나가만족되면,상기제상운전 1단계 완료조건이만족된것으로설정될수있다.상기설정온도（1^）는 3도이고, 상기설정시간（ ,）은 8시간일수있으나,이에제한되는것은아니다.
[303] 또한,제상운전 1단계가만족되었다고판단되면,상기제어부에서는제상운전 2단계가바로수행되도록한다（別50）.상기제상운전 2단계에서는,냉장실팬의 구동이정지하여자연제상자체가휴지기에들어가고,냉장실냉각을위한일반 운전이수행되도록한다.
[304] 또한,제어부에서는제상운전 2단계완료조건이만족되었는지여부를
판단한다 160）.상세히,상기일반운전중에냉장실온도가,도 7의如에보이는 만족온도영역（서에진입하였다고판단되면,상기제상운전 2단계완료조건이 만족된것으로설정될수있다.
[305] 또한,상기제상운전 2단계가완료되면,상기제어부에서는제상운전 3단계가 바로수행되도록한다 170）.
[306] 상세히 ,상기제상운전 3단계에서는제상운전 1단계와동일한조건으로
냉장실팬이저속으로구동하도록제어된다.제상운전 3단계가수행되는동안, 제어부에서는제상운전 3단계완료조건이만족되었는지여부를
판단한다（別80）.
[307] 구체적으로,냉장실제상센서온도가설정온도 ^2）이상인경우,냉동실 제상운전완료조건이만족된경우,및제상운전 3단계가시작된시점으로부터 설정시간 ）이경과한경우중적어도하나가만족되면,상기제상운전 3단계 완료조건이만족된것으로설정될수있다.상기설정온도 ^ 는 5ᄋ（:이고, 상기설정시간 ¾）은 8시간일수있으나,이에제한되는것은아니다.
[308] 상기제상운전 3단계가완료되면제 1냉장실제상운전이모두완료되어
냉장실제상이종료된다.
[309] 한편,제 1냉장실제상운전조건이만족되지아니하였다고판단되면,제 2 냉장실제상운전조건（또는제 2자연제상모드）이만족되었는지여부가 판단된다（別21）.상기제 2냉장실제상운전조건은,제상센서고장등을이유로 제상이정상적으로이루어지지않는지여부를판단하기위한조건으로정의될 수있으며,이경우강제로제상운전이수행되도록한다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
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[310] 일례로,일반냉각운전중냉장실증발기에부착된냉장실제상센서가설정 시간 이상동안설정온도（ 미만으로감지되면,제 2냉장실제상운전 조건이만족된것으로설정될수있다.상기설정시간（ ）은 4시간이고,상기 설정온도（I、）는 -5ᄋ（:일수있으나,이에제한되는것은아니다.
[311] 제 2냉장실제상운전조건이만족되면,상기제 1냉장실제상운전단계에서 수행되는제상운전 1단계만수행하고（別22）,제상운전 1단계완료조건이 만족되면（別23）곧바로제상운전이종료되도록한다.
[312] 후술할도 16및도 17에대한설명에따르면,본발명은냉장고의제어부가 저장실쇼의열전모듈제상을위한”저장실쇼제상운전”과저장실：8의냉각기 제상을위한”저장실 B제상운전”이적어도일부구간에서중첩되도록 수행되도록제어하는것을특징으로한다.
[313] 특히다음의냉매순환시스템또는냉장고구조에서는 "저장실쇼제상
운전”과 "저장실 3제상운전”이중첩하여수행될수있고,그외의냉매순환 시스템이나구조에서는두제상운전이중첩하지않아도무방하다.
[314] 첫째,저장실쇼의열전모듈과저장실： 8의냉각기가직렬로연결되는시스템 （이하 "직렬시스템”）에서는상기제어부가 "저장실쇼제상운전”과 "저장실 ^ 제상운전”이적어도일부구간에서중첩되도록제어할수있다.
[315] 그이유는, "저장실쇼제상운전”을위해상기열전모듈에역전압을인가하여 열전모듈의콜드싱크의온도가증가하는도중에,저장실： 8의냉각기에냉매가 흐르게되면,상기저장실쇼에서저장실：8의냉각기챔버로열손실이발생하여 상기열전모듈의제상효율이저하될수있기때문이다.
[316] 이에더하여 ,저장실：8의냉각을위한냉매순환사이클의효율이저하되는 문제도발생할수있기때문이다.
[317] 둘째, "콜드싱크연통형구조’’또는 "콜드싱크비연통형구조’’에서는,저장실 쇼제상운전”과 "저장실 3제상운전”이적어도일부구간에서중첩되도록 제어될수있다.
[318] 상기 "콜드싱크연통형구조”는,저장실쇼의콜드싱크（열전도체자체또는 열전도체와하우징이결합된열전달부재를포함함）및저장실쇼의제상수 가이드중적어도하나가저장실：6의냉각기챔버（예 :냉동증발실）와 연통하거나저장실： 8의냉각기챔버내의냉기에노출되는구조를의미한다.
[319] 상기 "콜드싱크비연통형구조”는저장실：8의냉각기챔버를형성하는벽에 인접하되,상기저장실： 8의냉각기챔버를형성하는벽으로부터충분히 단열되지않는구조를의미한다.
[32이 그이유는상기콜드싱크연통형또는비연통형구조에서 ,”저장실쇼제상 운전”을위해상기열전모듈에역전압을인가하여열전모듈의콜드싱크의 온도가증가하는도중에,상기콜드싱크와충분히단열이되지않는저장실：8의 냉각기에냉매가흐르게되면,상기저장실쇼에서저장실：8의냉각기챔버로 열손실이발생하여상기열전모듈의제상효율이저하될수있기때문이다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
28
[321] 이에더하여 ,상기구조에서는,저장실：8의 냉각을위한냉매순환사이클의 효율이 저하되는문제도발생할수있기 때문이다.
[322] 뿐만아니라제상수가이드가결빙되어 막히는문제도발생할수있다.
[323] 상기 "충분히단열되지 않는구조”는상기 저장실쇼의 내부와저장실：8를
구획하는단열벽 (예 :심온케이스)의 단열성능보다낮은단열성능을가지는 구조를의미한다.
[324] 한편,상기 "콜드싱크연통형구조’’에서는’’저장실쇼제상운전’’중에발생한 수증기가저장실모의 냉각기 챔버로유입되어 저장실： 8의 냉각기의 일측면에만 극심한착상이발생하고, "저장실 3제상운전”중에 발생한수증기가저장실 쇼의 열전모듈로유입되어 열전모듈과저장실쇼의 내벽면에극심한착상이 발생하는문제점도발생할수있다.
[325] 본발명은상기 "직렬시스템’’,상기 "콜드싱크연통형구조’’와상기 "콜드
싱크비연통형구조”중적어도하나의 경우에 적용될수있다.
[326] 이하에서는상기 저장실쇼가심온실인경우로한정하여설명한다
[327] 이하에서는열전모듈과냉동실증발기의제상을위한심온실및냉동실제상 운전제어방법에 대하여설명한다.
[328] 심온실냉각을위해제공되는상기 열전모듈은,콜드싱크 (22)와히트
싱크 (23)를포함하며,특히증발기 형태의상기히트싱크 (24)와냉동실 증발기 (17)는냉매 배관에의하여 직렬연결되어 있다.
[329] 상기히트싱크 (24)와냉동실증발기 (17)를따라흐르는냉매는 -30°0 ~ -20°0 범위의 저온저압상태인 2상 \¥0 ! &8句냉매이다.상기 열전소자에 전원이 인가되면상기콜드싱크 (22)의온도는 -50°0이하로떨어지고,상기 히트 싱크 (23)는열전소자의규격에 의하여정해지는ᅀ!만큼상기콜드싱크 (22)와 온도차를유지한다.예컨대,사용되는열전소자의스!가 30ᄋ (:라고한다면,상기 히트싱크 (23)는 -20°0정도의온도로유지된다.
[33이 그래서,상기히트싱크 (23)는열전소자의 발열면으로부터 열을전달받아서 냉매로전달하는방열기로기능하지만,결빙온도보다현저히낮은온도로 유지된다.
[331] 따라서,열전모듈의운전시간이 길어짐에따라콜드싱크뿐만아니라히트 싱크에도성에나얼음이착상되는현상이 발생하여,열전모듈의성능을 저하시키는결과를초래한다.
[332] 또한,히트싱크 (24)와냉동실증발기 (17)는직렬연결되고,상기에서설명한 제상수가이드가심온실과냉동증발실을연결하는통로로기능하기 때문에, 심온실제상운전과냉동실제상운전을동시에수행하지 않으면여러가지 문제가발생하게된다.
[333] 여기서,”동시”의의미는,심온실제상운전과냉동실제상운전중어느하나가 수행되는동안다른하나도수행되어야하는것으로해석되어야하며,두개의 제상운전이동일시점에시작되어야하는것을의미하는것은아님을밝혀둔다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
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[334] 다시 말하면,두개의제상운전중어느하나가시작되면,시작시점에
관계없이 ,다른하나의제상운전도시작되어 ,두개의제상운전이중첩되는 구간이존재하는것을의미한다.
[335] 심온실제상운전과냉동실제상운전이 함께수행되지 않을경우발생하는 문제점에 대해서위에서 설명하였으나,추가적인문제점을설명한다.
[336] 첫째,냉동실제상운전만수행되고심온실제상운전은수행되지 않는경우를 가정한다.
[337] 상세히 ,심온실냉각을위해서는,열전소자의 발열면에서 열이신속하게
외부로방출되도록하여 열전소자의흡열면과발열면의온도차（스刀가일정 수준이하로유지되도록해야한다.이를위해서는압축기가구동하여 열전 소자의 발열면으로전달된열이히트싱크의 냉매를통하여신속히 방출되도록 하여야한다.
[338] 그러나,냉동실제상을위해서 냉매가히트싱크로흐르지 않도록차단하면, 열전소자의발열면에서 방열이제대로이루어지지 않으므로발열면온도가 급격히상승하게된다.그러면,스!가일정수준까지증가하면더 이상증가하지 않는열전소자의특성상,발열면의온도가과도하게상승하면흡열면온도도 함께상승하여,심온실부하가오히려증가하게된다.
[339] 이상황에서,흡열면온도상승을막기위하여 열전소자로공급되는전력을 증가시키면,열전소자의 냉력（ 이과효율 ◦ 이모두저하되는결과를 초래한다.
[34이 둘째,심온실제상운전만수행되고냉동실제상운전은수행되지 않는경우를 가정한다.
[341] 심온실제상운전이수행되면,열전소자의발열면이흡열면으로기능하기
때문에,히트싱크로부터 열전소자로열이 방출되어히트싱크에흐르는냉매가 과냉된다.그러면,냉동실증발기를통과한냉매의 일부는기화되지 않고액상 냉매상태로압축기로유입되어 압축기성능저하또는압축기고장의원인이 될 수있다.
[342] 한편,심온실로부터 냉동증발실내로유입된습증기는냉동실증발기의 한쪽 면에만착상되는편착상을초래할수있다.냉동실증발기에 편착상현상이 발생하면,냉동실증발기의제상센서가이를제대로감지하지못할수있다. 그러면,냉동실제상운전이 필요함에도불구하고제상운전을수행하지못하게 되어,냉동실증발기의흡열기능이 저하되고,결과적으로냉동실냉각이 지연되는결과를초래할수있다.
[343] 또한,심온실제상을위해서 열전소자에 역전압을걸어주면,흡열면온도가 영상의온도로증가하면서 열전소자의콜드싱크에부착된얼음을녹이게된다. 이때,열전소자의규격에 의하여결정되는스!로유지되기 위해서는,히트 싱크가부착된상기 열전소자의 발열면의온도도함께상승하여야한다.
[344] 그러나,히트싱크내에는 -30°0 ~ 20°0정도의 냉매가흐르기 때문에 ,발열면 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
30 온도는히트싱크온도이상으로증가하지못하게되고,결과적으로발열면과 흡열면의온도차（ᅀ刀가증가하게되어,열전소자의냉력과효율이동시에 감소하는결과를초래할수있다.
[345] 위와같은문제가발생하지않도록하기위해서는냉동실제상과심온실
제상은같이이루어지도록하는것이유리하다.
[346] 도 16은심온실및냉동실제상이수행될때시간경과에따른냉동사이클을 구성하는구성요소들의작동상태를보여주는도면이고,도 17은본발명의 실시예에따른냉장고의냉동실및심온실의제상운전제어방법을보여주는 플로차트이다.
[347] 도 16및도 17을참조하면,먼저,본발명의냉장고운전은시간의흐름에
따라서크게세구간으로구분될수있다.
[348] 즉,제상운전주기가경과하지않은일반냉각운전구간 서과,제상운전
주기가경과하여제상운전이수행되는구간 6）,및제상운전이완료된이후에 수행되는제상후운전구간 0으로나뉠수있다.제상후운전이끝나면일반 냉각운전이수행된다.
[349] 또한,상기제상운전구간 피은,딥쿨링이수행되는딥쿨링구간 61）과, 본격적인제상운전이수행되는제상구간 62）으로더구체적으로나뉘어질수 있다.
[35이 이하에서는상술한 "저장실쇼제상운전’’과 "저장실 ^제상운전’’이적어도 일부구간에서중첩되도록하는냉매순환시스템또는냉장고구조로한정하여 설명한다.
[351] 상세히,제어부에서는일반냉각운전이수행 210）되는동안,제상주기 00 : 모 어 &0 ）가경과하였는지여부를판단한다.상기제상주기가
경과하였는지여부를판단하기에앞서，상기제어부에서는심온실모드가온 상태인지여부를판단한다 220）.이는,심온실모드의온/오프상태에따라 냉동실의제상주기가다르게설정되기때문이다.
[352] 더욱상세히 ,상기심온실모드가온상태라고판단되면,제어부는제 1냉동실 제상주기가경과하였는지여부를판단하고 230）,심온실모드가오프
상태라고판단되면,제 2냉동실제상주기가경과하였는지여부를
판단한다 221）.
[353] 여기서,냉동실의제상주기가경과하였는지여부를판단하는것은,심온실 제상운전과냉동실제상운전이일부구간에서중첩되기때문이라할수있다. 다시말하면,냉동실제상주기가경과하면,냉동실제상운전뿐만아니라 심온실제상운전도함께수행되기때문이다.
[354] 여기서, "저장실쇼제상운전”과 "저장실 3제상운전”이중첩되지않는냉매 순환시스템이나냉장고구조에서는,저장실：8의제상주기가경과하였는지 여부를판단하는것외에,저장실쇼의제상주기가경과하였는지여부를 판단하는과정이별도로수행되도록할수있다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
31
[355] 또는,저장실：8의제상주기가경과하였는지여부를판단하는단계를저장실 쇼의제상주기가경과하였는지여부를판단하는단계로대체할수있다.
[356] 상기냉동실의제상주기는아래와같이결정된다.
Figure imgf000033_0001
[361] 여기서,초기제상주기는,냉장고를설치하고처음켜거나,심온실모드가오프 상태에서온상태로되는상황에대해서주어지는제상주기를의미할수있다.
[362] 즉,냉장고를설치하고처음켜거나심온실모드가오프상태에서온상태로 전환되면,상기초기제상주기값으로정해진시간이반드시경과하여야제상 운전시작요건 (또는투입요건)의일부가만족된것으로본다.
[363] 일반제상주기는,냉장고가일반냉각모드로운전되는상황에대해서
주어지는제상주기값으로서,냉장고가일반냉각모드로운전되는상황에서는 적어도상기초기제상주기에상기일반제상주기를더한시간이반드시 경과하여야제상운전시작요건의일부가만족된것으로본다.
[364] 상기초기제상주기와일반제상주기는처음에설정된값이변하지않는
고정된값인반면,상기변동제상주기는냉장고의운전상황에따라감축또는 해제될수있는값이다.
[365] 상기변동제상주기는,냉동실도어를여닫거나,고내로부하가투입되는등의 변화가발생할때마다일정한규칙에따라서감축 (단축)또는해제되는시간을 의미한다.
[366] 변동제상주기가해제된다는것은,제상주기시간에상기변동제상주기값을 적용하지않는다는것을의미한다.즉,변동제상주기가 0이된다는것을 의미한다.
[367] 만일,냉장고를설치하고전원을켠뒤변동제상주기를감축또는해제시키는 요인이발생하지않았다고가정하면,상기초기제상주기와일반제상주기및 변동제상주기를더한종시간이경과되어야제상운전이수행된다.
[368] 반면,변동제상주기감축요인또는해제요인이발생하면,제상주기값이 감소하기때문에 ,제상운전주기가짧아지게된다.
[369] 한편,심온실모드가오프이면냉동실제상운전만수행되고,심온실모드가 온이면냉동실제상운전과심온실제상운전이동시에수행되도록한다 .
[37이 상기변동제상주기의감축또는단축조건은,냉동실도어의개방유지시간에 비례하여변동제상주기가감축되도록설정될수있다.예를들어,냉동실 도어가임의의어느시간동안개방된상태로유지되었다면,단위시간 (초)당 감축되는변동제상주기값이설정될수있다.
[371] 구체적예로서,냉동실개방단위시간당변동제상주기 7분이감축되도록 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
32 설정한다면,냉동실이 5분동안개방된상태로유지된경우,변동제상주기 값은 초기 설정값보다 35분이감축된다.즉,냉동실개방시간이 길어질수록제상 운전주기는짧아져서초기에설정된주기보다제상운전이더자주수행된다는 것을의미한다.
[372] 또한,변동제상주기해제조건은다음과같이설정될수있다.
[373] 조건 1.냉장심과냉동심동시우저투입시
[374] 상기조건은,냉장실밸브와냉동실밸브가모두개방된경우를의미한다.
[375] 조건 2.냉장심도어름영고닫은후.섬정시가（예 : 20분'）이내에 냉장심온도가 제어온도보다섬정온도（예 : 8ᄋ 이상상승한경우
[376] 상기설정시간 20분은하나의 예에지나지 않으며 ,다른값으로설정될수 있다.상기 제어온도는도 7의知）에보이는노치온도에）,제 1만족임계 온도에1）,및제 2만족임계온도에2）중어느하나를의미할수있다.
[377] 설정온도 8ᄋ（:는하나의 예에지나지 않으며 ,다른값으로설정될수있다.
[378] 조건 3.냉장심도어름영고닫은후섬정시가（예 : 3분'）이내에 냉장심온도가 섬정온도（예 : 3ᄋ 0이상상승하경우
[379] 상기설정시간 3분과설정온도 3ᄋ（:는하나의 예에지나지 않으며 ,다른값으로 설정될수있다.
[38이 조건 4.내동심도어름영고단은후섬정시가（예 : 3분'）이내에 내장심온도가 섬정온도（예 : 5ᄋ 0이상상승하경우
[381] 상기설정시간 3분과설정온도 5ᄋ（:는하나의 예에지나지 않으며 ,다른값으로 설정될수있다.
[382] 조건 5.압축기 여속우저시가이섬정시가（예 : 2시가'）음경과하고.냉동심 온도가상한온도영역내에 인으며.냉장심온도가불만·족온도또는상한온도 영역 내에 인는경우
[383] 상기설정시간 2시간은하나의 예에지나지 않으며，다른값으로설정될수 있다.
[384] 조건 6.압축기 여속우저시가이섬정시가（예 : 2시가'）음경과하고.냉장심 온도가상한온도영역내에 인으며.냉동심온도가불만·족온도또는상한온도 영역 내에 인는경우
[385] 상기설정시간 2시간은하나의 예에지나지 않으며，다른값으로설정될수 있다.
[386] 조건 7.냉동심도어름영고닫은후섬정시가（예 : 5분'）이내에.심온심온도가 상한온도영역에 입하는경우와.섬정온도（예 : 5° 이상상승하는경우중 적어도하나가만·족되는경우
[387] 상기조건 7은심온실부하대응운전（또는심온실부하제거운전）투입조건과 동일하며,상기 설정시간 5분과설정온도 5ᄋ（:는다른값으로설정될수있다.
Figure imgf000034_0001
로설정될 수있다.
[39이 상기제어부에는실내온도범위에따라다수의실내온도구역 (Room
Temperature Zone : RT Zone)으로구분하는룩업 테이블이 저장되어 있을수 있다.일례로,아래표 1에보이는바와같이,실내온도범위에따라 8개의실내 온도구역 (RT Zone)으로세분화될수있으나.이에제한되는것은아니다.
[391] [표 1]
Figure imgf000035_0001
[392] 더욱상세히 ,실내온도가가장높은온도범위구역을 RT Zone K또는 Z1)으로 정의하고,실내온도가가장낮은온도범위구역을 RT Zone 8(또는 Z8)로정의할 수있으며,차은주로한여름실내상태로볼수있고, Z8은한겨울실내상태로 볼수있다.더 나아가,상기실내온도구역들은대분류와중분류및소분류 형태로그룹화되어분류될수있다.예컨대,상기표 1에보이는바와같이,상기 실내온도구역은,온도범위에따라서 저온구역,중온구역 (또는쾌적 영역),및 고온구역으로정의될수있다.한편,상기조건 7이 만족되는시점과제상주기 경과시점이동일시점인경우에 대해서설명한다.상세히,심온실부하대응 운전투입조건은변동제상주기해제조건으로서,최종제상주기산출에 추가되지 않는다.즉,초기에설정된제상주기보다최종적으로산출되는제상 주기가짧아진다.
[393] 한편,상기심온실부하대응운전투입조건을감안하여 최종적으로산출되는 제상주기가경과한시점이,상기심온실부하대응운전투입조건이만족되는 시점과일치하는상황이 발생할수있다.
[394] 이상황은,심온실부하대응운전과,냉동실/심온실제상운전이동시에
충돌하는경우에해당한다.
[395] 이두상황이충돌하면,상기심온실부하대응운전이우선하여수행되도록 하고,심온실부하대응운전이종료하면상기 냉동실/심온실제상운전이 이어서수행되도록할수있다.
[396] 그이유는,심온실부하대응운전투입조건이만족되었다는것은,심온실내로 음식물과같은열부하가침투하였다는것을의미하고,이는곧열전모듈의콜드 싱크표면에성에가착상되는가능성 및콜드싱크표면에 형성되는성에또는 얼음의 양이증가할가능성이높다는것을의미할수있다.따라서,최종제상 주기 (POD)를단축시킬필요가크기 때문에 ,변동제상주기를해제하는것이다.
[397] 만일,심온실부하대응운전투입조건이 만족되는시점과,최종산출된제상 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
34 주기가경과하여제상운전투입조건이만족되는시점이다른경우,만족되는 시점이 빠른운전부터우선하여수행되도록할수있다.
[398] 심온실부하대응운전이 완료되는시점에상기제상주기가아직 경과하지 아니한경우에는,상기제상주기가경과한뒤에제상운전이수행되도록할수 있다.
[399] 제상주기에포함되는초기 제상주기는동일할수있다.일례로,상기초기 제상주기는 4시간일수있으나,이에 제한되는것은아니다.
[400] 상기제 1냉동실제상주기에포함되는일반제상주기가상기제 2냉동실 제상주기에포함되는일반제상주기보다짧게설정될수있다.일례로,제 1 냉동실제상주기에포함되는일반제상주기는 5시간으로설정될수있고,제 2 냉동실제상주기에포함되는일반제상주기는 7시간으로설정될수있으나, 이에 제한되는것은아니다.
[401] 상기제 1냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상주기도제 2냉동실제상 주기에포함되는변동제상주기보다짧게설정될수있다.일례로,상기 제 1 냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상주기는 시간（냉동실도어가약 85초 동안개방되면단축되는시간）으로설정될수있고,제 2냉동실제상주기에 포함되는변동제상주기는 36시간（냉동실도어가약 308초동안개방되면 단축되는시간）으로설정될수있으나,이에 제한되는것은아니다.
[402] 또한,상기제 1냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상주기 단축（감축）
조건과제 2냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상주기단축（감축）조건은 동일하게설정될수도있고,다르게설정될수도있다.
[403] 또한,제 1냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상주기해제조건은,상기조건 1내지 7을포함할수있고,상기제 2냉동실제상주기에포함되는변동제상 주기 해제조건은,상기조건 1내지 4및 8을포함할수있다.
[404] 여기서 ,상기조건 8이제 1냉동실제상주기에는포함되지 않는이유는,저온 영역에서 제상운전이 너무자주투입되어소비 전력이증가하는것을방지하기 위함이다.
[405] 위에서살펴본상기제 1냉동실제상주기의산출조건과제 2냉동실제상 주기산출조건은아래표 2에보이는바와같이 정리될수있다.
[406]
[407] 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
35
[표 2]
Figure imgf000037_0001
[408] 상기 예에 따르면,제 1냉동실제상주기는최대 19시간최소 9시간일수있고, 제 2냉동실제상주기는최대 47시간,최소 11시간일수있음을알수있다. 그러나,상기 제상주기는상황에따라적절하게조정하여 설정될수있을 것이다.한편,심온실모드가온이고,제 1냉동실제상주기가경과하였다고 판단되면,상기 제어부에서는심온실부하대응운전투입조건이만족되었는지 여부를판단한다 240）.이미위에서 설명한바와같이,제상주기가경과하여 제상운전투입조건이만족된시점에서심온실부하대응운전투입조건도 함께만족되었다고판단되면,심온실부하대응운전이먼저수행되도록할수 있다 250）.
[409] 심온실부하대응운전이 완료 260）된다음에 ,냉동실및심온실제상운전이 수행되도록한다.
[410] 반면,심온실부하대응운전투입조건이 만족되지 않은경우는,바로냉동실 및심온실제상운전이수행되도록한다.
[411] 그러나,본발명의사상은,상기제 1냉동실제상주기가경과한상태에서 ,상기 단계 3240을반드시수행해야하는것으로제한하지 않는다.다시 말하면, 심온실부하대응운전투입조건이만족되었더라도,이를무시하고바로제상 운전이수행되도록하는것도가능하다.즉,상기 단계 8240내지 3260이 생략（또는삭제）되는제어 알고리즘도가능하다할것이다.
[412] 상세히，제 1냉동실제상주기가경과하였거나심온실부하대응운전이 완료되면,냉동실과심온실을냉각시키는딥쿨링 (deep cooling)운전이 수행되도록한다 (S270).
[413] 상기딥쿨링운전을종료하기위해서,상기냉동실과심온실의고내온도또는 딥쿨링운전수행시간을조건으로설정할수있다.
[414] 예컨대,냉동실과심온실중적어도하나가제어온도보다설정온도만큼낮은 온도로냉각되면딥쿨링운전이종료되도록할수있다.상기제어온도는도 7에 보이는제 2만족임계온도 (N22또는 N32)를포함할수있다.상기설정온도는 3OC일수있으나이에제한되지않음을밝혀둔다.
[415] 제상운전전에딥쿨링운전을수행하는이유는,딥쿨링운전을통해서
냉동실과제상실을만족온도보다낮은온도로충분히냉각시킴으로써 ,제상 운전중에냉동실과심온실부하가급증하는것을방지하기위함이다.소위, 제상운전전에수행되는냉동실과심온실의과냉각운전이라고볼수있다.
[416] 한편,상기제어부는,딥쿨링운전이수행되는동안,상기딥쿨링운전의완료 조건이만족되었는지여부를판단하고 (S280),딥쿨링완료조건이만족되었다고 판단되면냉동실과심온실의제상운전이본격적으로수행되도록한다 (S290).
[417] 냉동실과심온실의제상운전이시작되면,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)와
백히터 (43)를모두온시키고,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)와백히터 (43)는냉동실과 심온실의제상운전이모두완료될때까지온상태로유지되도록할수있다.
[418] 냉동실제상운전과심온실제상운전이수행되는동안,냉동실증발기의
표면과,열전모듈의콜드싱크표면,및열전모듈의히트싱크를수용하는 하우징의후면에착상된성에또는얼음이녹아서제상수 (defrost water)가되고, 제상수는냉동증발실이바닥에설치된드레인팬 (drain pan)으로포집된다.
[419] 여기서,심온실제상운전과냉동실제상운전의수행우선순위에제한은두지 않는다.다시말하면,심온실제상운전시작시점과냉동실제상운전의시작 시점이다르게설정될수도있고,동일시점으로설정될수있다.
[42이 더구체적으로설명하면,상기딥쿨링운전이완료되면,상기심온실제상과 냉동실제상이모두수행되되,두제상운전이시간차를두고시작될수도있고, 동시에시작될수도있다.
[421] 상기냉동실제상운전과심온실제상운전의구체적인내용에대해서는
아래에서좀더상세히설명하도록한다.
[422] 또한,상기제어부는냉동실제상운전과심온실제상운전이모두
완료되었는지여부를판단한다 (S300).만일,냉동실제상운전과심온실제상 운전중어느하나라도완료되지않은경우에는,두제상운전이모두완료될 때까지제상운전이후의단계가수행되지않도록한다.
[423] 냉동실제상과심온실제상이모두완료되었다고판단되면,상기제 1냉동실 제상주기가초기화되고,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)및백히터 (43)가오프되도록 하며 ,제상후운전이수행되도록한다 (S310).상기제상후운전은,심온실제상 후운전과냉동실제상후운전을포함할수있다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
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[424] 더욱상세히 ,상기심온실제상후운전은,상술한심온실부하대응운전을 포함할수있다.구체적으로,상기심온실부하대응운전의투입조건들은 아래와같다.
[425] 첫째,심온실모드오프에서온으로변경되는경우.
[426] 둘째,냉장고전원이오프된상태에서온상태로변경되는경우.
[427] 셋째,심온실부하대응운전투입조건이만족되는경우.
[428] 넷째,심온실제상운전후첫냉동사이클운전이수행되는경우.
[429]
[43이 상기심온실부하대응운전이시작되면,심온실팬이구동하고,열전소자에 정전압이걸리도록할수있다.동시에 ,압축기가구동하고냉장실밸브와 냉동실밸브가모두개방되는동시운전이수행되도록한다.
[431] 또한,냉동실제상이완료된후수행되는냉동실제상후운전단계에서는, 압축기구동이후설정시간 (예 : 10분)동안은냉동실팬은정지상태로 유지되도록하고,설정시간이경과되면냉동실팬이회전하여냉동실냉각이 이루어지도록할수있다.
[432] 여기서 ,냉동실제상후운전단계에서 ,냉동실팬이압축기구동시점으로부터 소정시간경과한뒤에구동하도록하는이유는다음과같다.
[433] 상세히 ,냉동실제상운전이종료한시점에서는냉동실증발기의온도가
상승한상태이어서 ,압축기가구동하여냉동실팽창변을통과하는냉매의 온도가정상온도 (예 :대략 - 30ᄋ 0로떨어지고,냉동실증발기내부를흐르는 냉매가정상온도 (예 :대략 -20ᄋ 로떨어지도록하기위해서는어느정도의 시간이걸린다.
[434] 다시말하면,냉동실증발기온도가정상온도로떨어지기전에냉동실팬이 구동하면,오히려냉동실부하를증가시키는결과를초래할수있다.따라서, 압축기구동이후설정시간이경과한뒤에냉동실팬이회전하도록하여, 냉동실일반냉각이이루어지도록한다.
[435] 제상후운전이모두완료되어심온실과냉동실이만족온도영역에진입하면, 냉장고전원이온되는동안 227)에는일반냉각운전이수행되는단계 210)로 되돌아가도록제어된다.
[436] 한편,심온실모드가온프상태에서,제 2냉동실제상주기가경과되었다고 판단되면,냉동실딥쿨링이수행되고 222),냉동실딥쿨링완료조건이 만족되면 223),냉동실제상운전이수행된다 224).
[437] 냉동실제상운전완료조건이만족되면 225),냉동실제상운전이완료됨과 동시에제상주기가초기화된후냉동실제상후운전이수행된다 226).냉장고 전원이온상태로유지되는한 227),일반냉각운전단계 210)부터제상운전 알고리즘이반복하여수행된다.
[438] 만일, "저장실쇼제상운전”과 "저장실 ^제상운전”이적어도일부구간에서 중첩되지않도록수행되는경우에는,저장실쇼의제상주기가경과하였는지 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
38 여부를판단하는대신에 저장실：8의제상주기가경과하였는지판단하는것으로 대체할수있다.
[439] 한편, "저장실쇼제상운전’’과 "저장실 ^제상운전’’이독립적으로수행되는 냉매순환시스템이나구조인경우에는도 17에서 단계 3230의 제 1냉동실제상 주기를저장실쇼의 제상주기로대체하고,단계 8270, 8290, 8300,및 3자0에서 냉동실을삭제하며,단계 8자0을냉동실제상후운전을삭제하고,단계 8221 내지 3226을삭제할수있다.도 16에서 냉동실팬과냉동실제상히터를삭제할 수있다.
[440] 이하에서는냉동실제상과심온실제상의구체적인방법에 대하여 설명한다.
[441] 심온실제상은,심온실을냉각하기위해제공되는열전모듈에 형성된성에 또는얼음을제거하기 위한운전으로정의되고,냉동실제상은,냉동실냉각을 위해제공되는냉동실증발기에 형성된성에또는얼음을제거하기 위한 운전으로정의됨을다시 한번밝혀둔다.
[442] 후술할도 19에따르면,위에서 설명한바와같이 ,본발명에 따른 "저장실쇼 제상운전”은저장실쇼의 냉각을위해제공되는열전모듈의콜드싱크제상 운전과히트싱크제상운전을포함한다.
[443] 상세히 , "영하시스템또는구조”에서는상기 저장실쇼의히트싱크주변의
수증기가저장실쇼의 히트싱크에착상되는것을저감하기위해, "저장실쇼제상 운전’’이콜드싱크제상운전과히트싱크제상운전을포함할수있다.
[444] 상기 "영하시스템또는구조”는,저장실쇼의온도를영하의온도로유지하기 위해 저장실쇼의콜드싱크와함께저장실쇼의 히트싱크또한영하의온도로 유지되는냉매순환시스템또는구조로정의될수있다.
[445] 또한, "히트싱크연통형구조”또는 "히트싱크비연통형구조”에서는,저장실 쇼의 히트싱크주변의수증기가상기 저장실쇼의 히트싱크에착상되는것을 저감하기 위해 ,”저장실쇼제상운전”이콜드싱크제상운전과히트싱크제상 운전을포함할수있다.
[446] 상기 "히트싱크연통형구조”는,저장실쇼의 히트싱크가저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버에 노출되거나연통되는구조로정의될수있다.
[447] 상기 "히트싱크비연통형구조”는,저장실쇼의 히트싱크가상기 저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽에 인접하고,상기 냉각기 챔버의 벽과충분히 단열되지 않는구조로정의될수있다.
[448] 상기 "충분히단열되지 않는구조”는상기 저장실쇼의 내부와저장실：8를
구획하는단열벽（심온케이스）의단열성능보다낮은단열성능을가지는구조를 의미한다.
[449] 한편, "저장실쇼제상운전”과 "저장실 ^제상운전”이 적어도일부구간에서 중첩되도록수행되는냉매순환시스템또는냉장고구조중적어도하나에서는, "저장실 ^제상운전중”에 발생한수증기가저장실쇼의 히트싱크에착상되는 것을저감하기위해상기히트싱크제상운전이수행되도록할수있다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
39
[45이 한편,콜드싱크제상운전시점과히트싱크제상운전시점의순서는
관계없이,서로교번하여운전이수행될수있다.
[451] 본발명은상기 "영하시스템또는구조”,상기 "히트싱크연통형구조”와상기 "히트싱크비연통형구조”중적어도하나의 경우에 적용될수있다.
[452] 상기히트싱크는,열전도판과열교환핀으로이루어지는열전도체,또는상기 열전도체와이를수용하는하우징으로이루어지는열전달부재를포함하는 것으로해석되어야한다.
[453] 이하에서는상기 저장실쇼가심온실인경우로한정하여 설명한다.
[454] 도 18은심온실제상운전이수행되는동안시간에 따라변하는열전모듈의 온도변화를보여주는그래프이고,도 19는본발명의실시예에따른심온실 제상운전을위한제어방법을보여주는플로차트이다.
[455] 도 19를먼저참조하면,심온실제상운전을위한제 1실시예는,콜드싱크제상 운전을먼저수행하고난뒤 히트싱크제상운전이수행되도록하는것을 특징으로한다.
[456] 상세히 ,도 17에서 설명된바와같이 ,심온실모드가온상태에서 냉동실제상 주기가경과하여 딥쿨링운전이수행되고,냉동실과심온실의온도가만족 온도보다더낮은온도로충분히 냉각（과냉각）되면,딥쿨링운전이완료된다.
[457] 제어부에서는,콜드싱크제상운전을시작하기에 앞서 ,딥쿨링운전완료후 설정시간（ ）이경과하였는지 여부를판단한다.상기 설정시간 은 2분일수 있으나,이에 제한되지 않는다.
[458] 여기서,딥쿨링운전완료후설정시간 이 경과하였는지 여부를판단하는 이유는,콜드싱크제상운전을위해서는열전소자에 공급되는전압의 방향을 바꿔주어야하기 때문이다.즉,딥쿨링을위한정전압공급에서콜드싱크 제상을위한역전압공급으로전환되어야한다.
[459] 열전소자에 공급되는전압의 방향을전환할때에는,설정시간동안전압
공급이 되지 않는휴지기가필요하다.만일,열전소자의 양단에공급되는 전압의 극성이급작스럽게바뀌면,온도변화에 의한열충격이 발생하여,열전 소자가파손되거나수명이 단축되는문제가발생할수있다.
[46이 뿐만아니라,열전소자에 전류（또는전원）를공급할때에도,설정 전류를한 번에 공급하기보다,단계적으로또는점진적으로공급전류량이증가되도록 하는것이좋다.
[461] 구체적으로,열전소자에 전원을공급할때,한번에 최대전류를공급하는것이 아니라점진적으로또는단계적으로공급전류량을증가시켜,소정의시간이 지난뒤에 열전소자의 양단에 최대전압이 걸리도록하여야,열전소자에 발생할수있는열충격을최소화할수있다.이는,정전압을공급할때뿐만 아니라,역전압을공급할때에도동일하게적용된다.
[462] 또한,열전소자에 공급되는전원을차단하는즉시 열전소자에 걸리는전압이 떨어지는것이 아니라,점진적으로떨어진다.따라서,정전압공급을 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
40 중단하고곧바로역전압을공급하는경우,열전소자내에남아있던잔류 전류와,공급되는역방향전류가충돌하여열전소자내의회로가파손될수 있다.
[463] 이러한이유때문에,열전소자에공급되는전류의극성（또는방향）을전환할 때에는일정시간의휴지기를두는것이바람직하다.
[464] 설정시간 이경과하면,열전소자에역전압을걸어주어콜드싱크
제상운전이수행되도록한다 420）.열전소자（21）에역전압이걸리면,콜드 싱크（22）는발열면이되고,히트싱크（24）는흡열면이된다.
[465] 도 18을참조하면,도 16에서설명한바와같이,냉장고운전구간은,일반냉각 운전구간 쇼）,제상운전주기가경과하여제상운전이수행되는구간 피,및 제상운전이완료된이후에수행되는제상후운전구간 0으로나뉠수있다.
[466] 또한,상기제상운전구간 피은,딥쿨링이수행되는딥쿨링구간 61）과, 본격적인제상운전이수행되는제상구간 62）으로더구체적으로나뉘어질수 있다.
[467] 여기서,그래프（31은콜드싱크의온도（정전압공급시열전소자의흡열면의 온도）의온도변화그래프이고,그래프 02는히트싱크의온도（정전압공급시 열전소자의발열면의온도）이며,그래프 03는,냉장고의소비전력변화 그래프이다.
[468] 딥쿨링운전구간 61）에서
Figure imgf000042_0001
온도이고,히트싱크（24）는대략 - 25ᄋ ~ -30ᄋ（:범위내의온도이다.딥쿨링운전 구간 61）에서는열전소자에최고정전압이걸린다.
[469] 딥쿨링운전이종료되면열전소자로정전압의공급이중단된다.설정시간（ 동안의휴지기가경과한이후에,상기열전소자에역전압이공급된다.
[47이 열전소자（21）의걸리는역전압이증가함에따라콜드싱크의온도는증가하고, 히트싱크의온도는감소한다.즉,열전소자에역전압이걸리면,콜드싱크는 -50ᄋ（：에서온도가증가하여영상의온도,대략 5ᄋ（:정도까지빠르게상승하게 되고,히트싱크는대략 - 30ᄋ（:에서온도가증가하여대략 - 35ᄋ（:까지하강한다. 그래프에서보이는바와같이,콜드싱크의온도상승률이히트싱크의온도 하강률보다높음을알수있다.
[471] 역전압이걸리는시점으로부터소정시간이경과한어느시점（ 0에서,콜드 싱크와히트싱크의온도가같아지고,그이후에는콜드싱크와히트싱크의 온도가역전됨을알수있다.콜드싱크와히트싱크의역전임계온도 41）,즉 콜드싱크와히트싱크의온도가같아지는온도는대략 -30°0정도임을알수 있다.콜드싱크제상운전구간에서의역전임계온（1 41）도는제 1역전임계 온도로정의될수있다.
[472] 그래프에서보이는바와같이 ,열전소자에역전압이걸리면,콜드싱크온도가 영상의온도까지가파르게증가하는반면,히트싱크의온도는상대적으로 완만하게감소한다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
41
[473] 역전임계온도에도달하는시점少1）까지열전소자의흡열면과발열면의
온도차（ᅀ刀가감소하고,역전임계온도에도달하는시점少1）이후부터는다시 열전소자의흡열면과발열면의온도차（ᅀ刀가점진적으로증가하여,해당열전 소자의최대스!값이될때까지증가하게된다.
[474] 상세히 ,역전압이걸리는순간부터콜드싱크와접촉하는열전소자의
흡열면이발열면으로기능하고,히트싱크와접촉하는열전소자의발열면이 흡열면으로기능한다.그러나,콜드싱크의온도가히트싱크의온도보다 높아지는현상은,역전압이걸리는시점으로부터소정의시간이경과한이후에 발생하게된다.
[475] 상기스!값이최대가되는시점少2）이후부터는히트싱크의온도도증가하는 것을볼수있다.이는,ᅀ!값이최대값에도달하면,공급전압이증가하더라도 발열면과흡열면의온도차가더이상증가하지않는열전소자의특성에 기인한다.즉,스!가최대인시점에서발열면온도다더증가하면,열역류현상 등에의하여흡열면의온도도같이증가하는열전소자의특성에기인하며,이는 위에서이미설명하였다.
[476] 그결과,스!가최대가되는시점少2）부터는히트싱크뿐만아니라콜드싱크의 온도도함께증가하는현상을보이고,이러한현상은역전압공급이중단될 때까지지속된다.그래프에서구간 는역전압공급구간으로정의되고,이 구간에서는콜드싱크제상운전구간으로정의된다.
[477] 한편,도 19로되돌아가서,콜드싱크제상운전이수행되면,열전모듈에
역전압을걸어주는것외에,상기심온실팬이구동하도록하여상기콜드싱크 제상운전중에발생한수증기가상기냉동증발실로배출되도록하는것도 가능하다.
[478] 이때 ,상기배출되는수증기가,상기제상수가이드（30）에의하여형성되는 제상수통로및상기구획벽（103）에결빙되는것을방지또는저감하기위하여, 상기제어부는상기백히터（43）가온되도록제어할수있다.
[479] 콜드싱크제상이수행되는동안,제어부에서는콜드싱크제상완료조건이 만족되었는지여부를지속적으로판단한다 430）.
[48이 일례로,콜드싱크표면온도가설정온도（I 이상이거나,제상운전시간, 구체적으로역전압공급시간이설정시간 을경과하면콜드싱크제상완료 조건이만족되는것으로설정될수있다.여기서,설정온도（1、）는 5ᄋ（：이고,설정 시간（ ）은 60분일수있으나,이에제한되는것은아니다.
[481] 콜드싱크제상완료조건이만족되었다고판단되면,열전소자를오프
시킨다 440）.즉,열전소자로의역전압공급을중단한다.
[482] 설정시간 ,2）이경과하면 450）,히트싱크제상운전이수행되도록
한다 460）.
[483] 다시도 18의그래프를참조하면,콜드싱크제상（구간
Figure imgf000043_0001
끝나면설정 시간（ 2）동안열전소자로의전원공급을중단하는휴지기를가진다.상기설정 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
42 시간如2)은 2분일수있으나,이에제한되지않는다.휴지기를가지는이유는 위에서설명한바와같다.
[484] 설정시간 ,2)이경과하면,상기열전소자에정전압을공급하여상기히트 싱크가다시발열면으로기능하여가열되도록한다
[485] 상기히트싱크 (24)는,상기하우징 (27)에형성되는히트싱크수용부 (271 :도 9 참조)에수용되며 ,상기히트싱크 (24)와히트싱크수용부 (2기)사이의공간은 밀봉제에의하여완전히밀봉된다.따라서,히트싱크 (24)와히트싱크
수용부 (2기)사이에는성에나얼음이생성되지않는다.
[486] 그러나,심온실제상운전과냉동실제상운전이함께수행되므로,콜드싱크 제상구간 서에서냉동증발실내에는,냉동실증발기표면에붙은얼음이 녹으면서발생하는수증기가떠다니게된다.
[487] 콜드싱크제상운전동안히트싱크 (24)의표면온도는 -30°0정도의초저온 상태로유지된다.이온도는냉동증발실온도보다약 10도정도더낮은 온도이다.
[488] 상세히,히트싱크의표면온도,구체적으로상기히트싱크를수용하는
하우징 (27)의표면온도가냉동증발실온도보다낮기때문에,상기하우징 (27)의 표면에성에가착상될수있다.이는,한여름에냉수가담긴주전자표면에 이슬이맺히는원리와동일하다고말할수있다.하우징 (27)의표면온도가결빙 온도보다현저히낮으므로,하우징 (27)의표면에맺힌이슬을바로결빙되어 얼음으로전환된다.
[489] 상기하우징 (27)의표면이라함은,냉동증발실에노출되는하우징 (27)의
표면을의미한다.히트싱크 (24)와접촉하는하우징 (27)의표면은전면으로 정의될수있다.
[49이 따라서 ,콜드싱크제상운전동안하우징 (27)의후면에착상된성에또는
얼음을제거하는제상운전이수행될필요가있으며,이를히트싱크제상 운전이라정의한다.
[491] 상기하우징 (27)의후면에부착된얼음을제거하는히트싱크제상을위해서 , 상기열전소자에정전압을걸어주면,히트싱크의온도 (24)는증가하고,콜드 싱크 (22)의온도는감소하게된다.어느시점少3)에서콜드싱크와히트싱크의 온도가같아지는역전임계온도(I 42)에도달한다.히트싱크제상구간에서의 역전임계온도(I 42)는제 2역전임계온도로정의될수있다.
[492] 상기제 2역전임계온도는제 1역전임계온도보다높다.
[493] 이는히트싱크제상시작시점에서의콜드싱크및히트싱크의온도구간이 , 콜드싱크제상시점에서의콜드싱크및히트싱크의온도구간보다높기 때문이다.
[494] 다시말하면,콜드싱크제상운전시작시점에서 ,콜드싱크온도는 -55ᄋ (:부터 증가하기시작하는반면,히트싱크제상운전시작시점에서히트싱크온도는 약 -30ᄋ (:부터증가하기시작한다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
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[495] 콜드싱크제상운전시점에서 ,히트싱크온도는약 -30ᄋ (:부터감소하는반면, 히트싱크제상운전시점에서콜드싱크온도는약 5ᄋ (:부터감소하기시작한다.
[496] 이러한이유때문에 ,제 2역전임계온도가제 1역전임계온도보다높다.
[497] 상기제 2역전임계온도에도달한시점少3)이후부터는,다시콜드싱크의 온도가히트싱크의온도보다높아지게된다.
[498] 여기서 ,상기열전소자에정전압을걸어주되 ,처음부터끝까지최고정전압을 공급하는경우,도 18의점선으로표시된바와같이,어느시점少4)부터는콜드 싱크의온도도급격하게증가하는양상을보이게된다.
[499] 이는,위에서설명한바와같이 ,스!값이최대값이상으로커지지않는열전 소자의특성에기인한다고설명될수있다.
[500] 다시말하면,발열면과흡열면의스!값이최대인시점부터는,공급전압이
증가하더라도스!값은최대값으로유지되기때문에,발열면의온도가증가함에 따라흡열면의온도도함께증가하게된다.
[501] 이경우,열전소자의발열면에부착된히트싱크의온도가증가하면
하우징 (27)에부착된얼음을제거하는제상효과는좋아질수있으나,콜드 싱크의온도가증가함에따라,콜드싱크의흡열능력이떨어져서열전모듈의 냉력및효율이감소하는역효과를초래할수있다.
[502] 이러한현상으로인한열전소자의냉력및효율감소를방지하기위하여 ,일정 시간동안은최고정전압이공급되도록하고,이후부터는중간정전압이 공급되도록하는것이좋다.즉,상기히트싱크제상구간 피은최고정전압 구간 이)과중간정전압구간 ：82)으로나뉠수있다.
[503] 이와같이,소정시간동안열전소자에최고정전압이걸리도록하고,그
이후부터는중간정전압이걸리도록함으로써,콜드싱크의온도증가를 최소화하여심온실부하증가를최소화할수있다.최고정전압구간이중간 정전압구간보다짧게설정될수있으나,설계조건에따라적절하게변경 가능함을밝혀둔다.
[504] 다시도 19로되돌아가서 ,히트싱크제상운전이수행되는동안 460),상기 제어부에서는히트싱크제상완료조건이만족되었는지여부를
판단한다 (3470).
[505] 일례로,냉동실제상운전이완료되면상기히트싱크제상운전완료조건이 만족되는것으로설정될수있다.다시말하면,냉동실제상운전이완료되면, 상기히트싱크제상운전도완료되도록할수있다.
[506] 히트싱크제상완료조건이만족되었다고판단되면,심온실제상운전을모두 완료하고 480),제상후운전단계로넘어간다.
[507] 한편,히트싱크제상운전구간,즉하우징 (27)후면을제상하는동안에는,콜드 싱크제상과정에서발생한수증기가심온실내부에존재한다.콜드싱크제상 운전동안,콜드싱크의표면온도는영상의온도로상승하여콜드싱크표면에 붙은얼음을녹인다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
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[508] 그러나,콜드싱크표면온도는영상의온도이지만심온실내부온도는,제상 운전이전의온도인 -50ᄋ（:보다는높지만여전히극저온에해당하는약 - 30ᄋ 0 미만의온도,구체적으로는 -38°0정도의온도로유지된다.
[509] 따라서 ,콜드싱크제상과정에서발생한수증기가,히트싱크제상운전이 수행되는동안심온실내벽에착상되고,시간이지남에따라성장하는현상이 발생할수있다.
[510] 심온실내벽에성에또는얼음이착상및성장하게되면,이를제거하는것이 쉽지않은단점이 있다.심온실내벽에성에나얼음이착상되지않도록하기 위해서는,별도의제상히터가심온실내벽에설치되어야할것이다.이는곧 내장고제조비용증가뿐만아니라제상히터작동에따른소비전력증가를 포함한여러가지예측하지못하는문제를야기할수있다.
[511] 뿐만아니라,심온실내벽에성장하는성에나얼음에의하여심온실드로어가 얼어붙어서,심온실드로어의인출이불가능하거나어려워지는문제도발생할 수있다.나아가,심온실드로어인출을위해과도한당김력을가하면,심온실 드로어가파손되는결과도초래할수있다.
[512] 따라서,히트싱크제상운전동안,콜드싱크제상과정에서발생한수증기가 심온실내벽에착상되는현상을미연에방지할필요가있다.
[513] 한편,후술할도 20에따르면,본발명은 "저장실쇼제상운전’’중에발생한 수증기가상기저장실쇼의내벽면에재착상되는것을저감하기위한제어가 필요하다.이를위해상기제어부가저장실쇼의팬이구동되거나상기열전 모듈에정전압이인가되도록할수있다.
[514] 일례로,”증기연통형구조”에서는,”저장실쇼제상운전”중발생한수증기가 저장실쇼의내벽면에재착상되는것을저감하고,상기수증기를상기외부 공간으로배출하기위해,저장실쇼의팬이구동하도록제어될수있다.
[515] 상기 "증기연통형구조”는,상기저장실쇼의열전모듈의흡열측이상기 저장실쇼의공간을제외한외부공간에노출되거나연통되는구조로정의될수 있다.
[516] 또한,상기저장실쇼의팬의구동과함께,상기저장실쇼의열전모듈에
정전압이인가되도록제어될수있다.그러면,상기저장실쇼의열전모듈의 흡열측에재착상되는수증기의양이증가되어,저장실쇼의내벽에재착상되는 현상을최소화할수있다.
[517] 둘째, "증기비연통형구조”에서는,저장실쇼의제상운전중발생한수증기가 저장실쇼의내벽면에재착상되는것을저감하고,상기저장실쇼의열전모듈의 흡열측에재착상되도록유도하기위해,열전모듈에정전압을걸어주고 저장실쇼팬이구동하도록제어될수있다.
[518] 상기 "증기비연통형구조”는,상기저장실쇼의열전모듈의흡열측이상기 저장실쇼의공간이외의외부공간에노출되지않고연통되지않는구조로 정의될수있다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
45
[519] 상기외부공간은,냉장고외부또는저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버를포함할수있다.
[52이 여기서 ,열전모듈에 정전압을인가하는시점과,저장실쇼의 팬구동시점이 동일할필요는없다.그러나,열전모듈에정전압이 인가된이후에상기 저장실 쇼팬을구동하는것이유리할수있다.다시 말하면,열전모듈의흡열측이 충분히 냉각된뒤에 저장실쇼의 팬이구동하면,상기 열전모듈의흡열측에 수증기가더효과적으로재착상될수있다.
[521] 본발명은상기 "증기 연통형구조”와 "증기비연통형구조”중적어도하나에 적용될수있다.
[522] 이하에서는상기 저장실쇼가심온실인경우로한정하여 설명한다.
[523] 이하에서는저장실쇼제상운전중에 발생한수증기가상기 저장실쇼의
내벽면에 재착상되는것을저감하기위해 ,상기 저장실쇼열전모듈에정전압이 인가되고저장실쇼의 팬이구동하도록제어되는것을일례로설명한다.
[524] 도 20은심온실제상운전중에심온실내벽에성에가착상되는것을방지하기 위한냉장고의제어 방법을보여주는플로차트이다.
[525] 도 18내지도 20을참조하면,도 19에서설명한바와같이 ,히트싱크제상
운전이시작되면,제어부는설정시간 ,3)동안열전소자에 최고정전압이 공급되도록한다 461).설정시간 ( 3)이 경과하면 462),상기 열전소자에중간 정전압이 공급되도록한다 463).
[526] 상기 열전소자에중간정전압이공급되면상기심온실팬을구동시킨다 464). 상기심온실팬은상기 열전소자에중간정전압이공급됨과동시에구동하도록 제어될수도있고,약간의시간차를두고구동하도록제어될수있다.
[527] 상기 열전소자에중간정전압이공급되는동안상기심온실팬이구동하면,도 에보이는바와같이,심온실내부의 냉기는심온실팬 (25)쪽으로흡입된후, 상기콜드싱크 (22)에부딪히면서상하방향으로유동방향이 전환된다.상기 심온실측토출그릴 (533, 534)을통하여상기심온실 (202)내부로다시토출되는 냉기순환이 일어난다.
[528] 이과정에서 ,상기심온실냉기에포함된수증기는저온으로급강하된상기
콜드싱크 (22)에착상된다.
[529] 여기서 ,상기심온실팬이상기 열전소자에중간정전압이 공급될때
구동하도록제어되는이유는다음과같다.
[53이 상세히 ,상기콜드싱크제상동안상기콜드싱크의온도가영상의온도로
높아진상태이기 때문에,열전소자에정전압을걸더라도콜드싱크의온도가 영하의온도로떨어지는데는시간이필요하다.
[531] 따라서,열전소자에 최고정전압을걸어서콜드싱크온도가충분이낮아진 시점부터심온실팬이구동하여야,심온실내부의수증기가콜드싱크표면에 효과적으로착상될수있다.
[532] 도 18에보이는바와같이,열전소자에 걸리는전압이 최고정전압에서중간 정전압으로전환되는시점에서콜드싱크가최저온도로냉각된다.따라서,이 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
46 시점에서심온실팬을구동하면,단위시간당콜드싱크표면에착상되는심온실 내부의수증기 양이 많아지므로,착상효과를극대화할수있다.
[533] 상기제어부에서는히트싱크의 제상완료조건이만족되었는지 여부,즉
냉동실제상운전이 완료되었는지 여부를판단하고 465）,히트싱크제상완료 조건이 만족되었다고판단되면,상기 열전소자로의 전원공급을차단하고,상기 심온실팬의구동을정지시킨다.
[534] 지금까지는본발명에따른심온실제상운전의제 1실시예 ,즉콜드싱크 제상이우선하여수행되도록하고,이후에히트싱크제상운전이수행되도록 하는방법에 대해서 설명하였다.
[535] 본발명의 제 2실시예에따른심온실제상운전방법은,히트싱크의제상이 우선하여수행되도록하고,이후에콜드싱크제상운전이수행되도록하는것을 특징으로한다.
[536] 상세히 ,히트싱크제상운전이 먼저수행되도록하는제 2실시예에 따르면, 히트싱크제상운전시작전에 열전소자로전원공급을중단하는휴지기를 가질필요가없다.
[537] 왜냐하면,딥쿨링운전과히트싱크제상운전모두열전소자에정전압이 공급되기 때문에,전극변환이 필요없기 때문이다.
[538] 따라서,제 1실시예에서와달리휴지시간（ 0이 없이 딥쿨링운전완료후 곧바로히트싱크제상운전이수행되도록할수있다.뿐만아니라,딥쿨링종료 후열전소자로전원공급을차단할필요도없다.
[539] 히트싱크운전이시작되는시점에서,냉동실밸브는폐쇄되어히트싱크와 냉동실증발기로냉매유동이 이루어지지 않으며,냉동실제상운전이함께 수행된다.
[54이 히트싱크운전중에는,제 1실시예와달리,처음부터끝까지 열전소자에 최고 정전압이 공급되도록제어될수있다.히트싱크내부의 냉매가흐르지 않는 상황에서,열전소자에최고정전압이공급되면,히트싱크에서방열작용이 일어나지 않기 때문에 ,히트싱크의온도는점점증가하게된다.그결과,상기 히트싱크를수용하는하우징（27）의후면에착상된성에또는얼음이녹아서 냉동증발실바닥에놓인드레인팬（（1 ^내&11）으로낙하한다.
[541] 히트싱크제상운전의 완료조건은,설정시간또는히트싱크표면온도로 설정될수있다.예컨대,히트싱크제상운전시작후설정시간（예 : 60분）이 경과하거나,히트싱크의표면온도가설정온도（예 : 5ᄋ 0에도달하면히트싱크 제상운전완료조건이만족되는것으로판단될수있다.여기서 ,히트싱크의 표면온도를히트싱크제상완료조건으로설정하기위해서는히트싱크표면 온도를감지하는제상센서가별도로구비되어야할것이다.
[542] 상기히트싱크제상운전이완료되면,열전소자로역전압을공급하여콜드 싱크제상운전이수행되도록한다.물론,정전압에서 역전압으로전환하기 전에 휴지기를가지는것은위에서설명한바와같다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
47
[543] 콜드싱크제상운전이시작되면,히트싱크의온도가냉동증발실온도보다 현저히낮은온도로떨어지기 때문에,콜드싱크제상운전과정에서상기 하우징 (27)후면에성에가착상될수있다.이때발생하는얼음의 일부는,제상 운전이모두종료되고,심온실일반냉각운전이수행되는동안녹아서드레인 팬으로떨어질수있고,나머지 일부는다음주기의 히트싱크제상운전 과정에서 제거될수있다.
[544] 한편,본발명은상기 백히터의 제어방법을포함한다.
[545] 냉각기 챔버 내의공기중에포함된수분은,냉각기와,냉각기 챔버를구성하는 벽면에서착상되어 얼음으로성장하게된다.
[546] 저장실쇼와저장실：8를포함하는냉장고의경우,상술한바와같이 ,저장실 쇼의콜드싱크또는그주변에착상된성에나얼음을제거하기위해,저장실쇼 제상운전중적어도일부구간에서상기 저장실쇼의 열전모듈에 역전압이 인가되거나,상기콜드싱크하부에위치한콜드싱크제상히터에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수있다.
[547] 또는,상기콜드싱크또는그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가배출되는
과정에서 ,재결빙이나재착상되는것을최소화하기위해 ,상기 저장실쇼 제상운전중적어도일부구간에서상기제어부는상기콜드싱크의하부에 배치된콜드싱크콜드싱크히터에 전압이 인가되도록제어할수있다.
[548] 또는,저장실： 8의 냉각기또는그주변에착상된성에나얼음을제거하기위해 , 상기 냉각기하부에 위치하는냉각기 제상히터에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수 있다.
[549] 상술한 "영하시스템또는구조’’, "히트싱크연통형구조’’, "히트싱크
비연통형구조”를포함하여,저장실쇼의 히트싱크제상운전이 필요한냉매 순환시스템이나구조에서는,저장실쇼의히트싱크또는그주변에착상된 성에나얼음을제거하기 위해,저장실쇼제상운전중적어도일부구간에서 저장실쇼의 열전모듈에 정전압이 인가되거나,히트싱크제상히터에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수있다.
[55이 상기히트싱크제상히터는저장실쇼의 열전모듈의콜드싱크보다히트
싱크에 더가까운위치에서상기 히트싱크하부에 배치될수있다.
[551] 상기히트싱크또는그주변에서녹은제상수나수증기가외부로배출되는 과정에서 재결빙이나재착상되는것을최소화하기 위해 ,상기 저장실쇼 제상운전중적어도일부구간에서상기히트싱크의하부에 배치된 "히트싱크 드레인히터”에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수있다.
[552] 상술한저장실쇼콜드싱크제상운전또는저장실쇼히트싱크제상운전중 발생한수증기는,상기 저장실：6의 냉각기 챔버 내에부유하다가상기 저장실 3 의 냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면에착상될수있다.
[553] 이때발생하는성에를제거하기 위해 ,저장실쇼제상운전중적어도일부
구간에서,상기 저장실：6를정의하는벽면또는상기 저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버를 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
48 형성하는벽면중적어도하나에 위치하는 "냉각기 챔버 제상히터”에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수있다.
[554] 더구체적으로는,상기 "냉각기 챔버제상히터 "는,저장실쇼의콜드싱크또는 저장실쇼의히트싱크제상운전중발생한수증기가상기 저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버로유입되는통로부근에 배치될수있다.
[555] 한편,상술한 "증기 연통형구조”에서는,상기 저장실쇼의 외부로배출되고 상기 저장실： 8의 냉각기 챔버로유입되는수증기가,상기 저장실：8의 냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면이나그주변에착상될수있다.
[556] 이때발생하는성에를제거하기 위해 ,상기 저장실：8를정의하는벽면또는 상기 저장실모의 냉각기 챔버를형성하는벽면중적어도하나에 위치하는 "냉각기 챔버 제상히터”에 전압이 인가되도록제어될수있다.
[557] 더구체적으로는,상기 "냉각기 챔버제상히터 "는,상기 저장실쇼의외부로 배출된수증기가상기 저장실： 8의 냉각기 챔버로유입되는통로부근에 배치될 수있다.
[558] 한편,상기히트싱크제상히터 ,히트싱크드레인히터와,냉각기 챔버제상 히터중적어도하나는,저장실모의 냉각기상부에 배치될수있다.그이유는 저장실모의 냉각기하부에는,냉동실제상히터와같이,저장실：8의 냉각기를 제상하는 "냉각기 제상히터”가배치될수있기 때문이다.
[559] 한편,상기히트싱크제상히터 ,히트싱크드레인히터와,냉각기 챔버 제상 히터중적어도하나는,상기 냉각기 챔버를정의하는벽면의 적어도일부를 형성하는구획벽에 배치될수있다.
[56이 더구체적으로,히트싱크제상히터 ,히트싱크드레인히터와,냉각기 챔버 제상히터중적어도하나는,상기구획벽을구성하는쉬라우드에 배치될수 있다.그이유는,상기구획벽을구성하는그릴팬에는상기콜드싱크제상 히터와상기콜드싱크드레인히터중적어도하나가배치될수있기 때문이다.
[561] 본발명의 "백히터 "는히트싱크제상히터,히트싱크드레인히터와,냉각기 챔버 제상히터의 기능중적어도하나를수행하는히터로정의할수있다.
[562] 한편,히트싱크제상과정에서,심온실내부에떠다니는습증기를상기콜드 싱크에착상되도록하기 위하여상기심온실팬을구동하면,상기 냉동증발실의 압력이상기심온실의 압력보다낮아진다.
[563] 그결과,상기심온실내부의 공기가상기심온실팬에 의하여강제순환되는 과정에서,심온실내부의공기가상기제상수가이드 (30)를통하여 냉동 증발실 (104)로유입될수있다.
[564] 상기심온실내부온도는냉동증발실온도보다현저히낮은영하의온도이기 때문에,상기 냉동증발실내부로유입되는심온실냉기에 의하여 냉동증발실 냉기의온도보다더 떨어지게된다.
[565] 뿐만아니라,심온실냉기가제상수가이드 (30)를따라냉동증발실 (104)로 유입되면서,상기 백히터 안착부 (525)의온도가냉동증발실온도보다낮은 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
49 온도로냉각될수있다.그러면,상기 백히터 안착부 (525)에 이슬이 맺혔다가 곧바로얼음으로변하게된다.
[566] 또한,제상수가이드 (30)줄구근처에머무는냉동증발실냉기가,
심온실로부터 배출되는냉기에 의하여 저온으로떨어지면,냉동증발실냉기에 포함된수분이응결되면서상기제상수가이드 (30)의출구에부착될수있다. 시간이지남에따라제상수가이드 (30)에부착된얼음의크기가증가하면서상기 제상수가이드 (30)의출구를막게된다.
[567] 또는,심온실제상과정에서발생한수증기가제상수가이드 (30)출구로배출될 때,냉동증발실냉기에 의하여 냉각되어 제상수가이드 (30)출구에서 결빙될 수도있다.
[568] 이러한현상을방지하기위해서,심온실과냉동실제상운전이시작되면상기 백히터 (43)가온되도록할수있다.
[569] 상세히 ,상기심온실과냉동실의제상운전이시작됨과동시에상기콜드싱크 히터 (40)와백히터 (43)가온되도록함으로써 ,상기콜드싱크히터 (40)와 백히터 (43)가장착되는부분이결빙되지 않도록할수있다.
[57이 만일 ,상기 백히터 (43)가상기콜드싱크히터 (40)와독립된히터로제공되는 경우,상기 백히터 (43)는상기히트싱크제상이시작될때함께온되도록할수도 있다.다시 말하면,상기 열전소자에정전압이 공급될때상기 백히터 (43)도 온되도록할수있다.
[571] 이하에서는냉동실제상운전제어방법에 대하여설명한다.
[572] 도 21은본발명의실시예에따른냉동실제상운전제어 방법을보여주는
플로차트이다.
[573] 도 18및도 21을참조하면,본발명의실시예에 따른냉동실제상운전은, 심온실제상운전시작여부와관계없이 ,딥쿨링완료시점으로부터설정시간 이 경과하면수행되도록할수있다 510).상기설정시간 ( )은 5분일수 있으나,이에 제한되는것은아니다.
[574] 다른방법으로,상기 냉동실제상운전은상기 딥쿨링완료되면즉시
수행되도록할수도있다.즉,상기설정시간 ( )이경과될때까지기다리지 않고곧바로제상운전이수행되도록할수있다.
[575] 상기 냉동실제상운전이시작되면,냉동실증발기에 연결된제상
히터 (미도시)가온되어,상기 냉동실증발기표면에부탁된성에 및 얼음을 녹인다 520).이것은,종래의 냉동실제상운전과동일하다.
[576] 냉동실제상운전이수행되는동안제어부에서는냉동실제상완료조건이 만족되었는지 여부를판단한다 530).
[577] 냉동실제상완료조건은,상기콜드싱크제상완료조건과마찬가지로,제상 센서에서감지되는온도가설정온도 이상이거나,제상운전시작후설정 시간 이경과되면만족된것으로설정될수있다.상기,설정온도 (1 )는
5ᄋ (:이고,설정시간江 은 60분일수있으나,이에제한되는것은아니다. 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
50
[578] 제상완료조건이만족되었다고판단되면,상기제상히터가오프되도록
하고 540）,제상히터오프시점으로부터설정시간 이경과하면냉동실 제상운전이종료되도록한다.
[579] 상기설정시간 은 5분일수있으나이제제한되는것은아니다.
[58이 상기제상히터가오프된시점으로부터설정시간 이경과하기를기다리는 이유는,상기설정시간（ 2）동안냉동실제상운전과정및상기심온실제상 운전과정에서발생한제상수가냉동증발실바닥에설치된드레인팬으로 모이도록하기위함이다.
[581] 특히,히트싱크제상운전이콜드싱크제상운전이후에수행되는경우,상기 설정시간（ 2）이경과할때까지상기히트싱크에중간정전압이걸리도록 함으로써,하우징（27）표면에부착된얼음을최대한제거하도록할수있다.
[582] 상기콜드싱크표면으로부터분리된얼음이상기콜드싱크히터에의하여 녹아서발생하는제상수가최대한상기제상수가이드를통해서빠져나가도록 할수있다.
[583] 상기설정시간 이경과하면,상술한바와같이 ,냉동실제상후운전이 수행되도록한다.

Claims

2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
51 청구범위
[청구항 1] 냉장실;
상기냉장실과구획되는냉동실;
상기냉동실내부에수용되고,상기냉동실과구획되는심온실;
상기심온실의후측에형성되는냉동증발실;
상기냉동증발실과상기냉동실을구획하는구획벽;
상기냉동증발실에수용되어 ,상기냉동실냉각을위한냉기를생성하는 냉동실증발기;
상기냉동증발실냉기를상기냉동실로공급하도록구동하는냉동실팬; 상기심온실의온도를냉동실온도보다낮은온도로냉각하도록 제공되는열전모듈;및
상기심온실내부의공기를강제유동시키는심온실팬;을포함하고, 상기열전모듈은,
상기심온실을향하는흡열면과,상기흡열면의반대면으로정의되는 발열면을포함하는열전소자와,
상기흡열면에접촉하며,상기심온실후방에놓이는콜드싱크와, 상기발열면에접촉하고,상기냉동실증발기와직렬연결되는히트싱크, 및
상기히트싱크를수용하며,후면이상기냉동증발실의냉기에노출되는 하우징을포함하는냉장고의제어방법에 있어서,
냉동실제상과심온실제상을위한제상주기 。!))가경과하였는지 여부가판단되는단계 ;
상기제상주기가경과하였다고판단되면,상기심온실온도와상기 냉동실온도중적어도하나를제어온도보다낮은온도로냉각시키는 딥쿨링운전이수행되는단계;
상기딥쿨링운전이종료하면,상기냉동실제상과심온실제상을위한 제상운전이수행되는단계를포함하고,
상기제상운전이시작되면,냉동실밸브가폐쇄되어상기냉동실 증발기와상기히트싱크로의냉기흐름이차단되며,
상기냉동실제상구간과상기심온실제상구간의적어도일부분은 중첩되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
[청구항 2] 제 1항에 있어서,
상기심온실제상은콜드싱크제상과히트싱크제상을포함하고, 상기콜드싱크제상과히트싱크제상중어느하나가다른하나에 우선하여수행되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법.
[청구항 3] 제 2항에 있어서,
상기딥쿨링완료와동시에,또는상기딥쿨링완료시점으로부터설정 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
52 시간仲 1）이경과한이후에상기냉동실제상이수행되는것을특징으로 하는냉장고의제어방법.
［청구항 4］ 제 3항에 있어서,
상기콜드싱크제상을위해서는상기열전소자에역전압이걸리고, 상기히트싱크제상을위해서는상기열전소자에정전압이걸리는것을 특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 5］ 제 4항에 있어서,
상기콜드싱크제상이상기히트싱크제상에우선하여수행되는경우, 상기딥쿨링운전이완료되는시점으로부터설정시간 ）이경과한뒤에 상기콜드싱크제상이수행되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법. ［청구항 6］ 제 5항에 있어서,
상기히트싱크제상은,상기콜드싱크제상이완료된시점으로부터설정 시간如2）이경과한뒤에수행되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어 방법.
［청구항 7］ 제 5항에 있어서,
상기콜드싱크제상이시작되면,상기열전소자에최고역전압이 걸리고,
상기히트싱크제상이시작되면,상기열전소자에최고정전압이걸리는 제 1운전단계와,상기열전소자에중간정전압이걸리는제 2운전 단계가순차적으로수행되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 . ［청구항 8］ 제 7항에 있어서,
상기제 2운전단계는상기냉동실제상이완료될때까지수행되는것을 특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 9］ 제 3항에 있어서,
상기냉동실제상은,
냉동실제상히터가온되는상태로유지되는제 1구간과, 상기제상히터가오프되는상태로유지되는제 2구간을포함하는 냉장고의제어방법.
［청구항 1이 제 4항에 있어서,
상기히트싱크제상이상기콜드싱크제상에우선하여수행되는경우, 상기콜드싱크제상은상기딥쿨링운전이완료되는즉시수행되는것을 특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 11］ 제 10항에 있어서 ,
상기히트싱크제상이수행되는동안,상기열전소자에는최고정전압이 걸리는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법.
［청구항 12］ 제 11항에 있어서,
상기히트싱크의표면온도가설정온도이상이되거나,상기히트싱크 제상시간이설정시간을경과하면,상기히트싱크제상완료조건이 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
53 만족된것으로판단되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 제 2항에있어서,
상기콜드싱크의표면온도가설정온도이상이되거나,상기콜드싱크 제상시간이설정시간을경과하면,상기콜드싱크제상완료조건이 만족된것으로판단되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 14］ 제 1항에있어서,
상기냉동실제상과냉장실제상이모두완료되면제상후운전이 시작되고,
상기제상후운전이시작되면,압축기가구동하고,상기냉동실밸브가 개방되어상기냉동실증발기및히트싱크쪽으로냉매가흐르도록 제어되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 15］ 제 14항에있어서 ,
상기제상후운전은,
상기심온실팬이구동하고,상기열전소자에최고정전압이걸리는 심온실제상후운전과,
상기압축기구동후설정시간이경과된후상기냉동실팬이구동하는 냉동실제상후운전을포함하는냉장고의제어방법 .
［청구항 16］ 제 1항에있어서,
상기제상주기 。。）는,초기제상주기와일반제상주기및변동제상 주기를합산한시간이고,
변동제상주기감축조건이만족되는상황이발생하면,상기변동제상 주기는감축되며 ,
변동제상주기해제조건이만족되는상황이발생하면,상기변동제상 주기는 0이되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법.
［청구항 17］ 냉장실;
상기냉장실과구획되는냉동실;
상기냉동실을냉각하도록제공되는냉동실증발기;
상기냉동실증발기하부에위치하는냉동실제상히터 ; 상기냉동실내부에수용되고,상기냉동실과구획되는심온실;
상기심온실내부의온도를감지하는온도센서;
상기심온실내부공기를강제유동시키는심온실팬;
상기심온실을향하는흡열면과,상기흡열면의반대면으로정의되는 발열면을포함하는열전소자와,상기흡열면에접촉하며,상기심온실 일측에놓이는콜드싱크와,상기발열면에접촉하는히트싱크를 포함하며심온실의온도를냉동실온도보다낮은온도로냉각하도록 제공되는열전모듈;및
심온실냉각운전과심온실제상운전이충돌하면,심온실제상운전이 우선하여수행되고,심온실냉각운전은중단되도록제어하는제어부를 2020/175831 1»（：1^1{2020/002077
54 포함하는냉장고의제어방법에있어서,
상기심온실제상운전의투입조건이만족되면,딥쿨링운전이 수행되도록제어되고,
상기딥쿨링운전은,상기심온실의온도가하강하도록상기열전소자에 정전압 (\¾>0)이인가되고,상기심온실팬이구동되는운전이며, 상기딥쿨링운전이종료된이후에는,제 1운전과제 2운전중어느 하나의운전이완료된이후에다른하나의운전이수행되도록제어되고, 상기제 1운전은,상기콜드싱크및그주변에착상된얼음을녹이기 위해상기열전소자에역전압 (- \¾)이인가되는운전이고, 상기제 2운전은,상기히트싱크및그주변에착상된얼음을녹이기 위해상기열전소자에정전압 (\¾)이인가되는운전인것을특징으로 하는냉장고의제어방법.
[청구항 18] 제 17항에있어서 ,
적어도상기냉동실과심온실은,상기히트싱크와상기냉동실증발기는 직렬로연결되는냉매순환시스템에의하여냉각되도록제어되고, 상기심온실제상운전의제상효율이저하되지않도록,상기냉동실제상 운전은상기심온실제상운전과적어도일부구간에서중첩되게 수행되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법.
[청구항 19] 제 17항에있어서 ,
상기딥쿨링운전이종료된이후에,상기냉동실제상히터에전압이 인가되도록제어되고,
상기냉동실제상히터에전압이인가되는구간은,상기제 1운전이 수행되는구간과상기제 2운전이수행되는구간중적어도일부와 중첩되는것을특징으로하는냉장고의제어방법 .
[청구항 20] 제 17항에있어서 ,
상기열전소자가갑작스런극성전환에의해손상되는것을저감하기 위해 ,상기제 1운전의종료시점과상기제 2운전의시작시점사이 , 또는상기제 2운전의종료시점과상기제 1운전의시작시점사이에 , 전원공급이중단되는휴지기가주어지는것을특징으로하는냉장고의 제어방법.
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