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WO2020168793A1 - 高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备 - Google Patents

高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020168793A1
WO2020168793A1 PCT/CN2019/125141 CN2019125141W WO2020168793A1 WO 2020168793 A1 WO2020168793 A1 WO 2020168793A1 CN 2019125141 W CN2019125141 W CN 2019125141W WO 2020168793 A1 WO2020168793 A1 WO 2020168793A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
harvesting
threshing
corn
straw
cleaning
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/125141
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋吉青
贾增
胡新
白文波
吕国华
刘红杰
Original Assignee
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所
宋吉青
贾增
胡新
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Application filed by 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 宋吉青, 贾增, 胡新 filed Critical 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所
Publication of WO2020168793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020168793A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D59/00—Equipment for binding harvested produce
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • A01F11/06—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals for maize, e.g. removing kernels from cobs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/18—Threshing devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
    • A01F15/07—Rotobalers, i.e. machines for forming cylindrical bales by winding and pressing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvesting and processing equipment for direct harvesting plants of corn grains with high water content.
  • corn, wheat, and rice are my country’s three major food crops, of which corn ranks second and occupies an important position in food production.
  • the degree of mechanized corn harvesting in my country is relatively low, less than 20% nationwide, which is far below the level of 82.3% for wheat and 52.8% for rice (mid-late rice); therefore, related agricultural machinery
  • the biggest problem faced by corn harvesters is the large loss rate of grain crushing; in addition, the utilization of corn stalks in the field or collecting feed is low. Due to the different row spacing formed by the agronomic differences of different regions in corn planting, the existing machinery needs to harvest corn in opposite rows.
  • the opposite row harvesting machine cannot be matched with agronomy, cannot adapt to different corn planting specifications, and cannot operate across regions. During the harvest operation, the ears of corn were lost seriously, causing a large amount of harvest loss. The height of the stubble after harvest was uneven, which affected the cultivation of the next stubble. Especially for the fallen corn, it is more difficult to implement harvesting operations.
  • the direct harvesting machine for corn kernels usually picks the ears of corn first, and then thresh the ears of corn. It includes processes such as ear picking, fruit ear conveying, threshing and cleaning, etc.
  • the relative equipment structure is complicated and the price is high.
  • hard threshing is mostly used for direct harvesting of existing corn kernels, and the proper harvest time is limited by the moisture content of the kernels, and the rate of kernel breakage is high. Affected by factors such as different regions, different planting management, different varieties, etc., it has also increased the difference in the water content of corn grains, resulting in large losses such as ear removal and kernel breakage. It is difficult to achieve cross-regional corn harvesting operations. Meet the development needs of the corn industry for direct harvesting of live stalks and mature grains and straw bales for feed.
  • the cutting width of the corn harvester is small and the work efficiency is low.
  • the soft corn bracts and plant leaves cannot be compressed and shredded, which seriously affects the quality management and use of harvested forage.
  • Another example is corn harvesting in one operation to complete ear picking, peeling, ear conveying, threshing and cleaning, and direct grain storage.
  • corn stalks and corn cobs there is a lack of integrated advanced harvesting machinery that performs direct feed pretreatment and baling.
  • the present invention provides a high-water content corn kernel direct harvesting plant harvesting equipment.
  • the high-moisture-content corn kernel direct harvest plant harvesting and processing equipment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a high-water content corn grain direct harvesting plant harvesting and processing equipment comprising a body driven by power, the front end of the body is provided with a pick-up machine cutting device, and the machine body behind the pick-up machine cutting device is sequentially provided with a transmission device , Threshing device, screening device, grain collection device and straw collection device.
  • the threshing device includes:
  • a cylindrical shell the cylindrical shell is horizontally arranged on the body and the shell wall of the lower half is in the shape of a screen mesh, a rotatable drive shaft is horizontally arranged in the shell, and both ends of the drive shaft are respectively arranged Drive shaft disk
  • a threshing crossbar the two ends of the threshing crossbar are respectively connected with two drive shaft disks, the threshing crossbar has a plurality of and is arranged evenly around the axis of the driving shaft, and each threshing crossbar is provided with stripping grains at intervals Plate teeth; and,
  • the feeding inlet and the straw ejection outlet are opened on the arc-shaped shell wall of the cylindrical shell; the straw ejection outlet is provided on the other side arc of the cylindrical shell opposite to the feeding inlet Shaped shell wall.
  • the stripping plate teeth on the two adjacent threshing crossbars are staggered in the vertical direction, and a sleeve is set between the adjacent stripping plate teeth on the threshing crossbar, and the stripping
  • the granulation plate teeth can rotate around the threshing crossbar, the stripping plate teeth are in the shape of a rectangular sheet, and the middle part of the 1/3 of the length direction of the granulation plate teeth is opened and sleeved on the threshing crossbar.
  • the screening device includes:
  • the transition flat screen includes a sieve plate with an oblique upward slope, the sieve plate is evenly distributed with sieve holes, the lowest end of the sieve plate of the transition flat screen and the straw spit of the cylindrical shell Export Unicom;
  • the cleaning and separating drum is arranged horizontally on the body and communicated with the uppermost end of the screen plate of the transition flat screen, a drive shaft is arranged in the cleaning and separating drum, and a drive shaft disk is arranged at both ends of the drive shaft respectively , Further comprising a gear rod connected with two drive shaft disks at both ends, the gear rods are evenly arranged around the axis of the drive shaft, and a plurality of toggle teeth are provided on the gear rod at equal intervals;
  • the lower half of the cleaning and separating drum is a cut-flow screen, the upper half of the cleaning and separation drum is a cut-flow drum, and the inner walls of the cut-flow screen and the cut-flow drum are respectively uniformly provided with flow dividing guide grooves ,
  • the diversion guide grooves are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning separation drum along the axial direction of the cleaning separation drum, and are guided in the direction of the grass discharge opening of the cleaning separation drum;
  • the sieving device further includes a vibrating screen arranged below the cleaning and separating drum, the vibrating screen has a multi-stage screen with successively decreasing steps backward in height, and the vibrating screen is driven by vibration The shaft drive vibrates.
  • the grain collecting device includes a cone-shaped collecting bucket arranged under the cylindrical shell, the transition flat screen and the vibrating screen plate, and the bottom of the collecting bucket is connected to the grain lifting channel through a conveying screw
  • a grain collection bin is provided at one end of the grain lifting channel and the other end of the grain lifting channel, and the grain collection bin is provided at the side end, the rear end or the top of the body.
  • the raking machine cutting device includes:
  • the bracket is mounted to the foremost end of the body
  • a transverse cutting knife set which includes a plurality of transverse cutting knives arranged transversely along the bottom edge of the rear side of the support, for cutting the plants that have been picked up by the plant and the wheels;
  • Vertical shearing knife set which includes a plurality of vertical cutting knives arranged on one side of the rear side of the support, used for cutting corn plants that are in a horizontally-lodging state or inclined after being picked up by the plant ;
  • the plant picking wheel is arranged at the front end of the support.
  • the plant picking wheel includes a wheel shaft and a plurality of picking teeth.
  • the picking teeth are L-shaped and arranged around the wheel shaft.
  • the plant picking wheel Driven by the motor, it rotates in the direction of the horizontal shearing knife group and the vertical shearing knife group.
  • a ridge positioning orientating rod is provided on the side of the bracket provided with the vertical cutting knife; a plurality of ridge positioning rods are arranged at intervals on the bottom edge of the rear side of the bracket. Split straws.
  • the conveying device includes a first conveying unit, a second conveying unit, and a third conveying unit that are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the bracket of the cutting machine, and the first conveying unit is driven by a transmission wheel.
  • the second conveying unit is a centering conveying auger transversely placed at the end of the conveying path of the first conveying unit;
  • the third conveying unit is arranged in the second conveying unit
  • the conveying trough, conveying belt or conveying chain between the threshing device and the conveying path end of the conveying trough, conveying belt or conveying chain are in communication with the feeding inlet of the cylindrical shell.
  • the straw collection device includes:
  • a silo is a hollow cylindrical shape, two ends of the silo are respectively provided with drive shaft disks that can be driven and rotated by a drive shaft, and a screw fork is arranged in the silo, and the screw fork is parallel to the silo
  • the axis of the silo extends in the length direction of the silo, the arc-shaped side wall of the silo is provided with a straw and grass feeding inlet, and the silo is provided with a hinge opening that can be opened and closed up and down;
  • a conveying auger one end of which is connected to the straw and grass feeding inlet to convey the straw to the silo, and the other end of the conveying auger is connected to the grass discharge port of the screening device;
  • the microbial spray head is arranged above the conveying path of the conveying auger and is used for spraying the microbial bacteria liquid on the straw on the conveying auger.
  • the straw bale collection device further includes a film covering device arranged at the opening of the hinge, and the film covering device includes:
  • a film warehouse which is arranged on the arc-shaped outer wall of the warehouse, and a plastic film roll is arranged in the film warehouse,
  • the cylindrical shell of the threshing device is arranged parallel to or perpendicular to the traveling direction of the body.
  • the cleaning and separating drums of the screening device are arranged parallel to or perpendicular to the traveling direction of the machine body.
  • the high-water content corn kernel direct harvesting plant harvesting and processing equipment of the present invention can achieve rigidity/non-rigidity by developing a corn plant harvesting and processing equipment composed of multiple sets of rotatable peeling plate teeth.
  • Corn kernels are threshed and harvested directly, which is not limited by the water content of the kernels. It can greatly reduce the direct harvesting rate of corn kernels. It is no longer limited to the influence of different regions, different planting managements, and different varieties. It is especially suitable for high-water content corn
  • the mechanized application of direct grain harvesting minimizes losses such as ear removal or kernel breakage, enabling cross-regional corn harvesting operations to meet the development needs of the corn industry for direct harvesting of mature live stalks and straw bales .
  • Figure 1 is an overall side view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a structural side view of the raking machine cutting device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the cutting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the side of the rear side of the bracket in the figure is in a flat state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the raking wheel of the raking machine cutting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of the threshing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the threshing device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view of the cylindrical casing of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of the threshing crossbar of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the debonding plate teeth of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the screening device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the cleaning separation drum of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the structure in the cleaning separation drum of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a vibrating screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the actual use of the screening device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of the straw collection device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is an internal structure diagram of the conveyor auger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a microbial spray head of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a silo according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a structural schematic diagram of a drive shaft disk and a screwing fork according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of another drive shaft disc and screw fork according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a film coating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic top view of a placement method of the cylindrical shell of the threshing device and the cleaning and separating drum of the sieving device according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic top view of another placement method of the cylindrical shell of the threshing device and the cleaning and separating drum of the sieving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Cut-flow drum 11-5. Diversion guide trough; 11-6. Straw and grass feeding inlet; 11-7. Grass discharge port; 12-Air supply device 13-1 Vibrating screen plate; 13-2 Vibration transmission Shaft; 14-1, grass discharge opening; 14-2, microbial sprinkler; 14-3 film covering device; 14-4, conveying auger; 14-5, silo; 14-6, 14-9 screw fork; 14-7. Screw fork connection hole; 14-8. Drive shaft plate; 14-10. Straw feed inlet; 14-11. Film warehouse; 14-12. Rotating shaft; 14-13. Plastic film; 14 -14. Hinge opening.
  • this embodiment provides a high-water content corn kernel direct harvesting plant harvesting and processing equipment, including a power-driven machine body, the foremost end of the body is provided with a cutting machine cutting device, the A transmission device, a threshing device, a sieving device, a grain collecting device and a straw collecting device are arranged in sequence on the machine body behind the cutting device.
  • the corn plants on the ground are cut into the machine by the pick-in machine cutting device, and then are sequentially transferred to the threshing device and the sieving device through the transmission device to separate the corn kernels from the corn stalks in the corn plants , And collect corn kernels in a centralized manner, and collect the available corn stalks for subsequent feed conversion applications or organic return to the field.
  • the threshing device includes a cylindrical shell 8, a threshing cross bar 8-2, a feeding port 8-7, and a straw discharge port 8-8.
  • the cylindrical shell 8 is placed horizontally and the wall of the lower half of the shell is in the shape of a screen, a rotatable drive shaft is horizontally arranged in the shell, and two ends of the drive shaft are respectively provided with a drive shaft disk 8-1;
  • the two ends of the threshing crossbar 8-2 are respectively connected to the two drive shaft disks 8-1, the threshing crossbar 8-2 has multiple and is evenly arranged around the axis of the driving shaft, and each threshing crossbar 8-2 Peeling plate teeth 8-3 are arranged at intervals;
  • the feeding inlet 8-7 is opened on the arc-shaped shell wall of the cylindrical shell 8;
  • the straw outlet 8-8 is arranged in the feeding inlet 8 -7
  • the threshing cross bar 8-2 is placed horizontally and the wall of the lower half of the shell is in the shape of
  • the diameter of the drive shaft disk 8-1 is 30-300 cm, preferably 45 cm, 60 cm or 200 cm, and the gap between the edge of the drive shaft disk 8-1 and the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 8 is 4-20 cm, preferably 5cm, 6cm or 10cm; the diameter of the cylindrical shell 8 is 35-320cm, preferably 50cm, 70cm or 220cm.
  • the rotation speed of the drive shaft disk 8-1 in the threshing drum is 400-800 rpm.
  • the width of the cylindrical shell 8 is 100-500cm, and the specific width is designed according to the width of the cutting machine and the transmission device and the width of the poly Chinese conveyor auger, and the optimal width is 150-350cm.
  • the cylindrical shell 8 specifically includes a cut-flow drum 8-6 in the upper half and a cut-flow screen 8-5 in the lower half, a cut-flow screen 8-5 and a cut-flow screen 8-5.
  • the upper and lower joint positions of the edges of the two sides connected by the drum 8-6 are respectively provided with a feeding inlet 8-7 and a straw discharge outlet 8-8.
  • the width of the feed inlet occupies a width of 1/4-1 of the width of the cylindrical casing 8, preferably a width of 1/2-2/3.
  • the width of the straw ejection port 8-8 is 1/4-1 of the width of the cylindrical shell 8, preferably 1/2-2/3.
  • threshing cross bars 8-2 can be installed between the two threshing drive shaft disks 8-1.
  • the rotation speed of the drive shaft disk 8-1 can be adjusted according to the number of threshing crossbars 8-2.
  • the number of threshing crossbars 8-2 can also be more than 16, and it is necessary to set the appropriate drive shaft disk 8- according to the number of threshing cross bars 8-2. 1 rotation speed to avoid the corn kernels from being broken due to threshing, and achieve the best threshing effect.
  • the diameter of the drive shaft disk 8-1 and the diameter of the cylindrical casing 8 of this embodiment are not limited by the above-mentioned size, and can be designed according to the scale of the corn threshing and harvesting machine.
  • the threshing crossbar 8-2 is provided with equal-spaced rotatable stripping plate teeth 8-3, and the rotatable stripping strips on the adjacent threshing crossbar 8-2
  • the plate teeth 8-3 are arranged in a staggered arrangement. While the wide range of the cylindrical shell 8 constitutes the force of the rotating threshing process, because the staggered action is sequential, it can reduce the force of the threshing bar 8-2 in the threshing process. It avoids the hard crushing of corn ear kernels, and has sliding space to both sides, reducing the rate of crushing of threshing.
  • a positioning sleeve 8-4 is arranged between the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 on the threshing cross bar 8-2 to prevent the peeling plate teeth 8-3 from shifting and sliding.
  • the distance between the teeth 8-3 of the two stripping plates is 10-30 cm, preferably 15-20 cm.
  • the number of plate teeth of the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 on each threshing bar 8-2 is set at 9-25 according to the width of the cylindrical shell 8.
  • the end points of the two ends of the threshing crossbar 8-2 or the end points 10-20 cm inward are fixed on two discs at equal intervals along the outer circumference of the disc of the drive shaft disc 8-1, in the cylindrical shell
  • the two ends of 8 form working space for the rotation and threshing of the peeling plate teeth 8-3.
  • the rotation of the drive shaft drives the rotation of the drive shaft plate 8-1, the threshing cross bar 8-2 and the peeling plate teeth 8-3 to avoid the gap between the two ends of the cylindrical shell 8 causing the residual or stagnation of the grain and straw to affect the peeling and threshing. effectiveness.
  • the gap between the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 of the threshing crossbar 8-2 and the cut-flow drum 8-6 and cut-flow screen 8-5 of the cylindrical shell 8 is 4-15 cm, and the gap The distance is adjustable; the clearance is small, and the force of the rotating drive shaft disk 8-1 of the threshing crossbar 8-2 increases, which causes the corn kernel crushing rate to increase; the clearance is large, although the rotation of the threshing crossbar 8-2 drives the shaft disk 8 -1
  • the reduced force will significantly reduce the efficiency of threshing corn ears; the inner wall of the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 of the corn threshing bar 8-2, the cutting drum 8-6 and the cutting screen 8-5
  • the gap preferably 5cm-9cm, can conform to the diameter of the ear of corn, and simultaneously form the squeezing effect of the corn ear or cob, further realizing the threshing and harvesting of the corn ear and kernel.
  • the stripping plate teeth 8-3 are in the shape of a rectangular sheet, and a hole is opened in the middle 1/3 of the length direction of the stripping plate teeth 8-3 and sleeved on the threshing bar.
  • the length of the stripping plate teeth 8-3 is 4-25 cm, preferably 10-15 cm.
  • the 1/3 of the length of the stripping plate teeth 8-3 is open at the center point, or the golden section is used for the center opening, the diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the threshing bar 8-2, and the stripping plate teeth 8 can be rotated Between -3, the threshing crossbar 8-2 is fixed with positioning sleeves to avoid translational displacement and sliding of the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3.
  • the stripping plate teeth 8-3 installed on the threshing crossbar 8-2 constitute a rotatable stripping plate tooth 8-3 with a difference in length between 1/3 and 2/3.
  • the opening position of the debonding plate teeth may not be limited to the 1/3 position of the length direction, for example, it may be the golden section position of the length direction, which will not be detailed here.
  • the drive shaft plate 8-1 rotates to drive the threshing crossbar 8-2, and drives the rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 to rotate in the cut flow screen 8-5 and cut flow drum 8-6 to form a peeling of the corn ears. Degranulation.
  • the staggered arrangement of fixed and rotatable peeling plate teeth 8-3 and the length difference structure of the peeling plate teeth 8-3, the threshing cross bar 8-2 and the cylindrical shell 8 are in line with the cut flow
  • the gap between the screen 8-5 and the cut-flow drum 8-6 is adjustable.
  • the rotation of the drive shaft drives the drive shaft plate 8-1, the threshing cross bar 8-2 and the peeling plate teeth 8-3 to rotate in a staggered arrangement.
  • the long structure of 1/3 and 2/3 of the teeth of the peeling plate 8-3 can adapt to the difference in thickness and size of the two ends of the corn ear and the size of each corn ear.
  • the difference in thickness changes. To a large extent, it can avoid hard peeling of corn ear seeds, improve the efficiency of peeling, and reduce the fragmentation of peeling by more than 70-90%.
  • the length of the threshing bar 8-2 is 100-500cm, which matches the width of the whole corn planter cutter assembly, the width of the corn ear stem conveyor belt and the poly Chinese conveyor auger, and the width of the cylindrical shell 8. , Preferably 150-350cm.
  • the lower half of the cylindrical shell 8 is provided with a cut-flow screen 8-5, and the peeled corn kernels enter the link of the collecting granary through the screen holes.
  • the sieve holes can adopt square holes, rectangular holes, diamond holes, trapezoidal holes, elliptical holes, and round holes. It is best to use round or elliptical holes, which have good sliding properties and are not prone to hook blockage, which reduces obstructive operation stagnation during corn harvesting.
  • the pore size range is 1.5-3.0cm, and the best is 1.6-1.8cm.
  • the aperture is too small, it is not conducive for the grains to enter the collection granary through the sieve holes, and it is also easy to be blocked by the broken straw, which affects the harvesting efficiency of corn grains.
  • the pore size is too large, when the grain enters the collecting granary through the screen hole, it will increase the permeation of the broken corn cob straw, and the content of the broken straw mixed into the corn grain will increase, which will affect the cleanliness of the harvested grain.
  • the pore size is too large, the corncob stalk will form greater friction or drag resistance between the corncob and the screen holes during the cutting process, which will increase the resistance of harvesting operations and easily cause damage to the 8-5 cut-flow screen. .
  • the high-moisture-content corn kernel direct harvesting plant harvesting and processing equipment may also include an air blowing device 12, which is arranged below the cylindrical shell 8, or a position slightly before the bottom, which can be set to send
  • the wind device 12 uses wind selection to blow off the corn bran or crushed corn cob stalks passing through the lower semicircular cut-flow screen 8-5 of the corn plant harvesting and processing equipment to further improve the cleanliness of the seed after the corn ear is threshed.
  • the pick-in machine cutting device includes a bracket, a plant pick-in wheel 1, a transverse cutting knife group 2, and a vertical cutting knife group 3.
  • the bracket is installed to the front end of the body, the plant picking wheel 1 is arranged at the front end of the bracket, and the plant picking wheel 1 is driven by a motor to rotate in the direction of the horizontal shearing knife group and the vertical cutting knife group.
  • the group 2 includes a plurality of transverse cutting knives arranged transversely along the bottom edge of the rear side of the support for cutting the plants that have been picked up by the plant picking wheel 1;
  • the vertical cutting knife group 3 includes A plurality of vertical cutting knives on one side of the rear side of, are used to cut the corn plants that are in a horizontally fallen state or inclined through the plant picking wheel 1.
  • the pick-in wheel 1 picks up the corn plants, and then after most of the plant necks are cut by the transverse shearing knife set, the plants are dumped backward and transported to the conveyor belt 5.
  • the horizontal shearing knife group There will be some corn plants that cannot be cut by the horizontal shearing knife group after being pulled in, such as plants that are inclined or overturned after being pulled in, or fallen down.
  • the vertical shearing knife group will have an effect to remove the corn plants in these states. Cutting from the neck.
  • the machine can cut the corn plants in the forward direction to the maximum, avoiding the machine's forward rolling and missing cutting losses, reducing the machine's forward resistance, and there is no need to go back and forth.
  • the harvesting time improves the harvesting efficiency.
  • the whole corn plant after the corn plant is pulled into the machine cutting device is cut and laid down, and is transported to the subsequent processing device of the mechanical equipment through the conveyor belt 5.
  • the conveyor belt 5 Including crossbar angle iron 5-1, drive chain 5-2, front drive wheel 5-3, rear drive wheel 5-4.
  • the rear-end conveying drive shaft of the corn ear stalks near the end of the threshing drum is fed into the conveying trough as a fixedly installed main drive shaft.
  • the corn ear stalks near the conveying end of the auger are fed into the conveying transmission shaft at the front end of the conveying trough, which is set as a conveying transmission shaft whose position can move up and down.
  • the long spacing between the two transmission shafts is used in the conveyor belt or conveying
  • the frame is fixed between the upper and lower interlayers of the crossbar chain; the front drive shaft of the corn ear stalk conveying trough near the conveying end of the auger is designed to move up and down to avoid the corn ear stalk being fed by the auger conveying in the ear of corn The entrance of the stalk conveying trough is blocked.
  • the front drive shaft of the corn ear stalk conveying trough drives the conveyor belt or the conveyor cross bar chain to move upward, increasing the intake amount to reduce blockage, and squeezing the corn ear stalks while conveying backwards, so as to be in the threshing drum The smooth threshing to form an auxiliary treatment.
  • the front drive shaft of the corn stalk conveying trough can move up and down.
  • the weight of the front drive shaft or spring assistance can be used to form a downward vertical force.
  • the vertical displacement range is 5-20cm, preferably 5-15cm, preferably the front
  • the weight of the drive shaft forms a downward vertical force.
  • the front drive shaft of the corn stalk conveying trough drives the conveyor belt or the conveyor crossbar chain to rotate and transmit from top to bottom, and the rear drive shaft rotates and transmits the conveyor belt from bottom to top to transmit the corn ears.
  • the lower conveyor belt or the conveyor crossbar chain in the stalk conveying trough forms the traction force, especially for the conveyor belt. This transmission mode will not cause the slack or extension of the lower conveyor belt in the corn stalk conveying trough, forming a pair of
  • the pulling and conveying of corn ears and stalks can reduce the blockage of corn ears and stalks in the conveying trough, and at the same time, reduce the loss of equipment and conveying belt materials.
  • the plant picking wheel 1 includes a wheel shaft and a plurality of picking teeth 1-1.
  • the picking teeth 1-1 are L-shaped and arranged around the wheel shaft. Specifically, One arm of the L picking tooth 1-1 is connected to the axle, and the other arm is suspended in the air to pick up corn plants.
  • four picking teeth 1-1 are arranged around the axle, adjacent to The angle between the teeth 1-1 is 90°.
  • the length of the scooping teeth is 10cm-50cm, preferably 15cm-30cm.
  • an arm of the lifting tooth 1-1 suspended in the air has a guiding function for guiding the inserted plants, so as to avoid hooking of the crop plants, avoiding blocking of the lifting Pulling into the wheel is damaged.
  • the transverse shearing knife includes a transverse static shearing knife 2-1 and a transverse moving shearing knife 2-2, and the transverse moving shearing knife 2-2 is arranged on the transverse static shearing knife 2-1.
  • the transverse static shearing knife 2-1 is fixed to the support, and the transverse moving shearing knife 2-2 is driven by the power of the body to make a transverse reciprocating movement to cut corn plants.
  • the vertical shearing knife includes a vertical static shearing knife 3-1 and a vertical moving shearing knife 3-2, the vertical moving shearing knife 3-2 and the vertical static shearing knife 3-1 are in sequence Staggered arrangement, the vertical static shearing knife 3-1 is fixed to the support, and the vertical moving shearing knife 3-2 is driven by the power of the body to make a vertical reciprocating movement to cut corn plants.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the cutting device of the embodiment of the present invention
  • the side of the rear side of the bracket in the figure It is in a flat state; as shown in the figure, the side of the bracket is inclined forward along the advancing direction of the body, and the angle between the side of the bracket and the horizontal plane is 45°-85°.
  • the vertical shearing knife set on the side of the support is also inclined forward, so that the vertical shearing knife set has a downwardly enveloping and cutting effect on the horizontally fallen or inclined corn plants.
  • the included angle with the horizontal plane when inclined forward is preferably 60°-80°, and the cutting effect is the best.
  • a ridge positioning orientating rod 4 is provided on the side of the bracket provided with the vertical cutting knife.
  • the machine body moves forward along the extension spiral of a farmland and gradually approaches the center of the farmland.
  • the ridge positioning orientating rod 4 and the vertical shearing knife set are arranged on the bracket and the corn picking machine cutting device is close to the corn plant.
  • the corn plants can be dumped to the fallen corn plants in the corn machine harvesting route by the vertical shearing knife group, which is convenient for the horizontal shearing knife group and the vertical shearing knife group to cut and harvest the corn plants.
  • there is no need for the machine body to perform multiple turning operations during row harvesting which improves the harvesting efficiency and can be applied to harvesting plants in a small area of farmland.
  • the ridge positioning rods 4-1 are respectively arranged outside the ridge positioning and orientation rods 4 to prevent entanglement of plants and blockage during transportation.
  • the blade lengths of the transverse static shearing knife 2-1 and the transverse dynamic shearing knife 2-2 are 5cm-30cm, preferably 10cm-15cm, and the transverse static shearing knife 2 -1 is not the same length as the blade length of the transverse movable shearing knife 2-2.
  • the blade lengths of the vertical static shearing knife and the vertical dynamic shearing knife are 5 cm-30 cm, preferably 10 cm-15 cm, and the blade lengths of the vertical static shearing knife and the vertical dynamic shearing knife are not equal in length.
  • the covering width of the transverse shearing knife set 3 is 100cm-500cm, preferably 150cm-350cm
  • the covering height of the vertical shearing knife set 3 is 50cm-250cm, preferably 100cm-150cm.
  • the sieving device includes a transitional flat screen 9.
  • the transitional flat screen 9 includes a sieve with an oblique upward slope, and the sieve is evenly distributed with sieve holes; Separating drum, which communicates with the uppermost end of the sieve plate of the transition flat screen 9 and is used to transport the corn stalk and grass grain mixture to the cleaning and separating drum.
  • the cleaning and separating drum is provided with a drive shaft, and two of the drive shafts The two ends are respectively provided with a drive shaft disk 11-1, which also includes a gear rod 11-2. The two ends of the gear rod 11-2 are respectively connected with two drive shaft disks 11-1.
  • the lower half of the cleaning and separating drum is a cut-flow screen.
  • the upper half of the cleaning and separating drum is a cut-flow drum 11-4, and the inner walls of the cut-flow screen 11-3 and the cut-flow drum 11-4 are respectively uniformly provided with shunt guide grooves 11 -5, one or both ends of the cleaning and separating drum or the central part are provided with a grass discharge port 11-7.
  • the corn ear and straw mixture processed by the threshing drum enters the transition flat screen 9 to further screen the corn kernels and corncob stalks, and connect the kernels and corncob stalks The cleaning separation drum.
  • the corncob straw after threshing passes through the transition flat screen 9 and is pushed into the cleaning and separating drum.
  • the transitional flat screen 9 forms an upward inclination slope from front to back, with an inclination angle of 30-60°, preferably 35-45°.
  • the screen holes of the transition flat screen 9 can adopt square holes, rectangular holes, diamond holes, trapezoidal holes, elliptical holes, and round holes. Preferably, round holes or elliptical holes are used.
  • the round holes or elliptical holes have good slidability and do not cause hooking and blockage, thereby reducing the obstructive operation stagnation in the process of pushing the corncob straw into the cleaning and separating drum.
  • the pore size of the sieve is in the range of 1.5-3.0cm, preferably 1.6-1.8cm.
  • the aperture is too small, it is not conducive for the grains to enter the collecting granary through the sieve holes, and it is also easy to be blocked by the crushed corn cob straw, which affects the harvesting efficiency of corn kernels. If the pore size is too large, when the grain enters the collecting granary through the screen hole, it will increase the permeation of the broken corn cob straw, and the content of the broken straw mixed into the corn grain will increase, which will affect the cleanliness of the harvested grain.
  • the corncob stalks will form greater friction or drag resistance between the corncob stalks and the mesh holes during the screening process of the transition flat screen 9, which increases the resistance of harvesting operations and is likely to cause the transition flat screen 9
  • the mesh is deformed and damaged.
  • transition flat screen 9 One end of the transition flat screen 9 is connected with the corncob straw outlet of the corn ear threshing drum in the machining operation of corn plant cutting, and the other end of the transition flat screen 9 is connected with the corncob straw feeding inlet 11-6 of the cleaning and separating drum
  • the width of the connection is 1/4-1 of the width of the corn ear threshing drum and the width of the cleaning and separating drum, and the optimal width is 1/2-2/3.
  • the rotating drive shaft plate 11-1 of the cleaning separation drum is installed with the toggle transverse gear rod 11-2, with a diameter of 50-150-400cm, preferably 60-80-300cm, corn cob
  • the clearance between the drive shaft disk 11-1, the toggle rack 11-2 and the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen 11-3 for the cleaning and separation of straw and grass is 5-25cm, and the best is 6-10- 15cm; the diameter of the cleaning and separating drum for corn kernels and straw grass is 55-425cm, and the best is 66-150-315cm.
  • the rotation speed of the cleaning and separation driving shaft disk 11-1 in the corncob straw cleaning and separation drum is 600 rpm-1200 rpm.
  • the separation drum for corncob stalk grass cleaning is 100-500cm wide, matching the width of the whole corn plant cutting knife assembly, the width of the corn ear stalk conveyor belt and the poly Chinese conveyor auger, and the corn ear cut-through threshing drum The width is 150-350cm.
  • the end points of the two ends of the toggle rack 11-2 or the end points 10-20cm inward, are fixed on the two discs at equal intervals along the outer circumference of the disc of the drive shaft disc, and at the two ends of the separation drum, Form a work space for straw cleaning and separation.
  • the rotation of the drive shaft drives the rotation of the drive shaft disk and the toggle gear rod to avoid the residual or retention of corn cob stalks in the gap between the two ends of the cleaning and separating drum, which affects the cleaning and separation efficiency.
  • the cut flow screen 11-3 is located in the lower half of the cleaning and separation drum, the upper and lower connection positions of the connection of the cut flow screen 11-3 and the cut flow drum 11-4, a transition flat screen 9 is connected to the cleaning and separation drum Feeding the inlet, the cleaning and separating drum is used for cleaning and screening the corn kernels wrapped in the corn cob straw into the cleaning and separating drum, and further threshing the remaining unstripped corn kernels to avoid corn harvest loss.
  • the width of the feed inlet at the junction of the transition flat screen 9 and the cleaning and separating drum is 1/4-1 of the width of the corn ear threshing drum and the width of the cleaning and separating drum, optimally 1/2-2/3 The wide range.
  • the grass discharge opening 11-7 is arranged at one or both ends of the cleaning and separating drum or at the center of the collecting part for grass discharge. The discharged grass can be used in the baling process of corn cob straw.
  • the sieve openings of the tangential flow screen 11-3 may be square holes, rectangular holes, diamond holes, trapezoidal holes, elliptical holes, and circular holes. It is best to use round or elliptical holes.
  • the round or elliptical holes have good sliding properties and do not cause blockage, thereby reducing the obstacles in the process of cleaning and separating corn cob stalks and grains.
  • gear rods 11- can be fixedly installed at equal intervals along the outer circumference of the drive shaft disk 11-1. 2.
  • the speed of the drive shaft 11-1 can be adjusted. When the number of gear rods 11-2 is small, the speed of the drive shaft 11-1 is high, and when the number of gear rods 11-2 is large, adjust the drive shaft 11-1 to a lower speed
  • Rotating, of course, the number of stalks 11-2 of the corncob stalk grass can also be 16 or more, and the appropriate rotation speed is set, and the peeled corn kernels are obtained through the cleaning and separating drum screening, while avoiding the clogging of the corncob stalk grass.
  • the diameter of the drive shaft disk 11-1 and the size of the cleaning and separation drum are not limited by the above-mentioned size.
  • the processing capacity of the corn grain and straw screening device can be designed according to the scale of the corn threshing and harvesting machinery.
  • the cleaning separation drum in order to strengthen the strength of the rack 11-2 without being affected by external force, it can be installed equidistantly within the width of the rack 11-2 between the drive shaft disks 11-1 There are 1-4 strengthened disks.
  • the diagram of the strengthened disk is not shown, but its structure is clear and will not be described in detail here.
  • 4-16 tooth rods 11-2 are installed between the two drive shaft plates 11-1, and the toggle teeth on the adjacent tooth rods 11-2 are arranged in a misaligned manner.
  • the movable teeth are arranged radially around the axis of the drive shaft disk 11-1.
  • a rotating drive shaft is set in the center of the disk, and the drive shaft disk 11-1 drives the gear rod 11-2 to rotate; while the wide range of the corncob straw cleaning and separating drum constitutes the force of the rotating cleaning and separation process, because it is The effect of the dislocation sequence can reduce the stress on the tooth stalk 11-2 during the cleaning and separation process, and can fully clean and separate the corn cob straw.
  • the distance between adjacent toggle teeth of the gear rod 11-2 is 10-40 cm, preferably 20-30 cm.
  • the number of toggle teeth of each gear rod 11-2 is set to 15-35 teeth according to the width of the separation drum.
  • the length of the toggle teeth is 5-25cm, preferably 10-20cm.
  • the length of the tine bar 11-2 is 100-500cm, which matches the width of the whole corn planter cutter assembly, the width of the corn ear stem conveyor belt and the poly Chinese conveyor auger, and the width of the corn ear cut threshing drum. And the width of the separation drum for cleaning, optimally 150-350cm.
  • the gap between the toggle teeth of the toothed rod 11-2 and the inner wall of the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen 11-3 is 4-15 cm, and the gap distance is adjustable; optimally 5-10 cm.
  • the diversion guide groove 11-5 is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning separation drum along the axial direction of the cleaning separation drum, and is directed toward the grass discharge opening 11-7 of the cleaning separation drum. Converging in directions, the diversion guide grooves 11-5 arranged on the cut-flow screen 11-3 and the cut-flow drum 11-4 in the cleaning separation drum have a groove height of 2-10cm, preferably 3-6cm; adjacent diversion guides The distance between the grooves 11-5 is 10-40cm, and the best is 20-30cm, which can more smoothly realize the diversion of the corncob stalks by turning the gear rod 11-2, and discharge the grass from the cleaning and separating drum. And enter the baling link of corn cob straw.
  • the gear rod 11-2 turns the corncob straw to rotate, and is guided by the shunt guide groove 11-5 to push the corncob straw to the grass discharge opening 11-7 of the cleaning and separating drum.
  • the grass discharging opening 11-7 is set on one or both sides of the cleaning and separating drum or the central part, which can be arranged according to the requirements of the corn harvesting ability level.
  • the guiding directions of the diverging guide grooves 11-5 located on the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the diverging guide grooves 11-5 located on the cut-flow screen 11-3 are the same or opposite.
  • the shunting guide grooves 11-5 arranged on the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen 11-3 are arranged in the same guiding direction from one end to the other end of the cleaning and separating drum shaft, turn the tooth to turn the straw and grass. Rotate along the diversion guide groove 11-5, and push the grass to one end of the cleaning separation drum.
  • splitting guide grooves 11-5 provided on the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen 11-3 are respectively guided in two opposite directions along the axis of the cleaning and separating drum, turn the tooth to turn the straw and grass to guide along the split flow.
  • the slot 11-5 is screwed in, and the grass is pushed to the two ends of the cleaning separation drum respectively;
  • the guiding direction of the splitting guide groove 11-5 provided on the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen 11-3 can also be guided from the middle of the cleaning separation drum to both ends along the axial direction of the cleaning separation drum.
  • the grass can be pushed from both ends of the cleaning and separating drum.
  • other spiral arrangements and forms can be transformed in permutation and combination switching on the basis of the above arrangement, which will not be repeated here.
  • the direction of rotation of the splitting guide groove 11-5 of the cut flow drum 11-4 and the cut flow screen 11-3 around the axis of the cleaning separation drum can be the same, for example, both are around the cleaning
  • the axis of the separating drum rotates clockwise or counterclockwise; and the guiding direction of the diverging guide groove 11-5 is realized by the precession direction of the diverging guide groove 11-5, for example, the cut-flow drum 11-4 and the cut-flow screen
  • the shunt guide grooves 11-5 set on 11-3 all rotate to the left along the axis of the cleaning separation drum, and the grass discharge port is set on the left side of the cleaning separation drum; when the cutting drum 11-4 and the cutting screen
  • the shunt guide grooves 11-5 set on 11-3 are all screwed to the right along the axis of the cleaning separation drum, and the grass discharge port is set on the right side of the cleaning separation drum; when the cut flow drum 11-4 and the cut flow screen
  • the shunt guide grooves 11-5 set on the screen 11-3 are respectively screw
  • the guide direction of the branch guide groove 11-5 is preferably the opposite guide direction, which is guided from the two ends of the cleaning and separation drum to the middle part to form a guide center.
  • a grass discharge port 11-7 is set in the middle of the drum, followed by crop straw and grass.
  • the strapping system Thereby forming a smoother operation process of cleaning, separating, arranging and baling, reducing energy consumption and mechanical loss caused by unbalanced side forces.
  • the bale bundling system improves the harvesting efficiency of crops and matches the bale bundling capacity of straw grass.
  • the corn cob straw after threshing, the remaining kernels and the corn ears that have not been completely threshed are separated by the transition flat screen 9 to realize the separation of the corn kernels, and then to the cleaning separation drum, and further cut through the cleaning separation drum.
  • the disk 11-1 drives the gear rod 11-2 to rotate. In the cleaning and separating drum, the gear rod 11-2, the diverging guide groove 11-5, and the cut-flow screen 11-3 in the lower half of the cleaning and separating drum, etc.
  • the toothed rod 11-2 turns the corncob straw to rotate, and pushes the corncob straw to the grass discharge opening of the cleaning and separating drum through the diversion guide groove 11-5.
  • Corncob stalk grass can enter the straw and grass collection and baling process after the grass is discharged, so as to realize the clean collection of the stalks without falling to the ground and the stalk baling, which can be used as a clean straw feed without soil pollution.
  • the corn kernel and straw sieving device in this embodiment further includes a vibrating screen 13-1 arranged under the cleaning and separating drum, and the vibrating screen 13-1 has successively backward steps.
  • a multi-stage sieve with decreasing height, the vibrating sieve 13-1 is driven by a vibration transmission shaft 13-2 to vibrate.
  • the corn kernels and cob straws separated by the cleaning and separating drum, the crushed corn cob stalks mixed with the corn kernels pass through the cut-flow screen 11-3, are scattered on the vibrating screen 13-1, and pass through the vibrating screen 13 -1 vibration screening, corn kernels are collected through the sieve holes and enter the granary system.
  • corn bran such as broken core straws is also vibrated with the backward push of the vibrating screen 13-1, and the broken corn cobs, stalks, etc. The corn bran is pushed to the surface of the farmland to realize the organic return of corn cob stalk and chaff.
  • the corn cob stalks returned to the field through the vibrating screen 13-1 are relatively finely broken and are more prone to rot in the farmland without affecting
  • the intensive cultivation of the subsequent crops also reduces the coarse gaps in the soil of the farmland after plowing, reduces the loss of moisture, and reduces the lack of seedlings.
  • the vibrating screen 13-1 has a step height change.
  • the height of the front part of the vibrating screen 13-1 is high, and it is gradually reduced backward.
  • the height gradient difference is 2-15cm, the best is 3-6cm.
  • This kind of vibrating sieve 13-1 has a high-level and backward-decreasing multi-level sieve step height change. Through the front and back vibration of the sieve plate and the step height, it can form a backward thrust and help sieving broken corn Straw cob, crushed corn cob stalks and other corn bran, which are cleaned out after the corn kernels are passed through the sieve, are pushed back and discharged, and then sprayed on the farmland surface.
  • the screen holes of the vibrating screen 13-1 can adopt a square hole, a rectangular hole, a diamond hole, a trapezoidal hole, an oval hole, and a round hole. It is preferable to use trapezoidal holes, round holes or oval holes, and use trapezoidal holes with short sides at the front end and long sides at the back end, which is conducive to cleaning.
  • the circular or oval holes have good sliding properties and do not cause blockage, thereby reducing Obstructive work stagnation in the process of cleaning and separating core straw and grain.
  • the sieve holes of the vibrating sieve plate 13-1 are preferably trapezoidal holes with the short side at the front end and the long side at the rear end, which is more conducive to the cleaning of corn kernels by the vibrating sieve plate 13-1 and the grains enter the collection granary through the sieve holes. At the same time, it is also conducive to wind cleaning.
  • the pore size range is 1.5-3.0cm, and the best is 1.6-1.8cm. If the aperture is too small, it is not conducive for the grains to enter the collecting granary through the sieve holes, and it is also easy to be blocked by the broken straw, which affects the harvesting efficiency of corn grains.
  • the pore size is too large, when the grain enters the collecting granary through the sieve, it will increase the permeation of the broken corn cob straw, and the content of the broken straw mixed into the corn grain will increase, which will affect the cleanliness of the harvested grain.
  • the threshing and harvesting of corn ear seeds and the separation of core straw and grass can be separated by air blowing to further improve the efficiency of seed cleaning and harvesting, and reduce the mixing of broken straw or straw chaff in the grain harvest.
  • the air supply device 12 is designed to be installed at the lower side or the front end of the threshing drum in the machining process of corn plants, and is mainly used for the threshing drum and the cleaning separation drum, the transition flat screen 9 and the vibrating screen 13-1.
  • the air-blast separation of corn kernels, broken core straws or straw chaffs that pass through the screen improves the efficiency of seed cleaning and harvesting, and reduces the mixing of broken straws or straw chaffs in the harvested grains.
  • the grain collection device includes the grain collection device including a cone-shaped collection hopper arranged below the cylindrical shell 8, the transition flat screen 9 and the vibrating screen 13-1, the collection The bottom of the bucket is connected to one end of the grain lifting channel 10-2 through the transmission screw 10-1.
  • the other end of the grain lifting channel 10-2 is provided with a grain collection bin 10-3, and the grain collection bin 10-3 is provided The side end, back end or top of the body.
  • the transmission screw 10-1 is used to push the corn kernels into the corn kernel lifting channel 10-2, and the corn kernels are lifted and collected into the kernel collection bin 10-3.
  • the grain collection bin 10-3 can be installed and hung on the side end, the rear end or the top of the vehicle body, and can be provided with a crop grain spitting out conveying pipe to be transported to the grain loading vehicle.
  • the straw collection device includes a silo 14-5, which is a hollow cylindrical shape, and two ends of the silo 14-5 are respectively provided with a drive shaft disk 14 that can be driven and rotated by a drive shaft.
  • a screw fork 14-6 is arranged in the silo 14-5, and the screw fork 14-6 extends parallel to the axis of the silo 14-5 in the length direction of the silo 14-5,
  • the silo 14-5 is provided with a straw and grass feeding inlet 14-10 on the curved side wall;
  • the silo 14-5 is provided with a hinge opening 14-14 that can be opened and closed up and down; and a conveying screw 14-4, It is connected with the straw and grass feed inlet 14-10 to transport the straw and grass to the silo 14-5; and, the microbial spray head 14-2 is arranged above the conveying path of the conveying auger for conveying The straw on the conveyor auger is sprayed with microbial liquid.
  • one end of the conveying auger is connected to the straw discharge port 14-1 of the straw and grass processing equipment in the previous stage of the corn plant machining operation, and the other end of the conveying auger is connected to the silo. 14-5 straw grass feed inlet 14-10, the conveying auger pushes the straw grass into the silo 14-5 process, the microbial sprinkler 14-2 sprays the microbial bacteria liquid on the straw grass surface to feed the straw grass Carry out pre-treatment, and then after the straw enters the silo 14-5, the drive shaft disks 14-8 at both ends of the silo 14-5 are driven to rotate by the drive shaft, driving the screw fork 14-6 to the silo 14-5 The straw and grass inside are agitated and twisted, and the straw and grass in the silo 14-5 are bundled. After the baling is completed, it is packaged to form a straw bale, and then the subsequent feed conversion storage can be carried out.
  • the pre-stage process of the corn plant cutting and processing operation is well connected, and the microbial liquid is applied to the straw while baling, so that the fermentation effect of the beneficial microorganisms during the storage of the bale , Realize the efficient utilization of feed resources of corn cob straw.
  • It provides technical guarantee for mature harvesting of live corn stalks, especially suitable for direct harvesting of high-moisture corn kernels, cross-region harvesting, and feed utilization of corn stalk green storage and straw.
  • the technical method is suitable for harvesting corn planting in fixed rows and planting corn in variable rows, and has stronger applicability. For corn planting with large variations in row spacing, especially corn harvesting that can cope with lodging, harvesting operations can be carried out smoothly even in corn fields where lodging reaches 90%.
  • a screw fork 14-6 is provided on the drive shaft disk 14-8 on one side of the silo 14-5, and a screw fork 14-8 is provided on the drive shaft disk 14-8 on the other side of the silo 14-5 Connecting hole 14-7, the other end of the screw fork 14-6 passes through the screw fork connection hole 14-7 to connect the drive shaft discs on both sides.
  • the screw fork 14-6 is connected to the screw In the fork connection hole 14-7, the connection hole 14-7 exerts the tightening force of the screw fork 14-6.
  • the straw bale collection device further includes a film covering device arranged at the hinge opening 14-14, and the film covering device 14-11 is arranged at On the arc-shaped outer wall of the silo 14-5, the film silo 14-11 is provided with a plastic film roll, and further includes a wrapping rotating shaft 14-12, and both ends of the wrapping rotating shaft 14-12 are pivotally connected to the At both ends of the silo 14-5, the protruding end of the plastic film 14-13 in the film silo 14-11 is connected to the traction end of the wrapping rotating shaft 14-12.
  • the rotating shaft 14-12 pulls the plastic film 14-13 in the baling film bin 14-11 to wrap the straw and grass. At the same time, the rotating shaft 14-12 resets upwards, and the plastic film Tie the mouth to complete the packaging, and carry out the feed storage.
  • the screwing fork 14-6 is an integrated structure on the drive shaft disk 14-8 on one side, and the screwing fork 14-6 is inserted into the silo, and is connected to the drive shaft disk 14-8 on the other side.
  • the screw forks on the upper part of the joint holes 14-7 are connected.
  • the screw fork 14-6 is connected to the screw fork connection hole 14-7.
  • the microbial broth includes lactic acid bacteria, Clostridium butyricum, molds and/or yeasts and other beneficial microorganisms that are easy to be fermented by straw.
  • the microbial broth can be other bacteria broth according to the subsequent use of the straw. I will not repeat them one by one.
  • the screw fork 14-6 is in the shape of a straight rod, and the length of the screw fork 14-6 in the shape of a straight rod can extend from one end in the length direction of the silo 14-5 to the entire silo 14 -5 at the other end, so as to achieve a better twisting and bundling effect.
  • the screw fork 14-6 is connected to the screw fork connection hole 14-7. When the two drive shafts are driven to rotate, the connection hole 14-7 exerts the screwing force of the screw fork 14-6 to enhance the screw The screwing stability of the screw fork 14-6 reduces equipment stress loss.
  • the screw fork 14-9 is in the shape of a nail, and both drive shaft discs have screw forks, which can better agitate all the silo 14-5. Straw grass, improve the baling quality of straw grass.
  • the straight-rod-shaped screwing fork 14-6 is moved and drawn out in the outer direction, the length of the screwing fork 14-6 needs to move a long distance in the outer direction, and the operation process has problems such as inconvenience.
  • the screwing fork 14-9 is preferred, and the two drive shaft disks have screw screw forks, which can be more convenient to move to both sides to extract the screw screw fork 14-9, the moving distance is shorter, so as to facilitate the core straw
  • the bales are pushed out of the silo and packed.
  • the drive shaft disk 14-8 at both ends of the silo 14-5 can be fixedly provided with a straight rod-shaped screw fork 14-6, and the drive shaft disk 14-8 on the other side is provided with a screw fork 14-8.
  • the connecting holes 14-7 and the drive shaft discs 14-8 at both ends of the silo 14-5 can also be provided with nail-shaped screw forks 14-9.
  • the hinge openings 14-14 can also be arranged at both ends of the silo 14-5, not limited to the arc side walls of the silo 14-5, for example, the drive shaft disks at both ends of the silo 14-5 14-8 and its integrated nail-shaped screw fork 14-9 can be opened and closed sideways after the baling is completed, and then push out the straw bales or tilt the silo 14-5 to put the silo 14-5 into The straw bales are taken out, and the related similar structures will not be repeated here.
  • the cylindrical housing 8 can be arranged parallel or perpendicular to the traveling direction of the body.
  • the cleaning and separating drums of the screening device are arranged in parallel or perpendicular to the traveling direction of the machine body, so as to meet the requirements of different differentiated harvesting and processing equipment.
  • Fig. 24 shows the horizontal installation of the cylindrical shell 8 and the cleaning separation drum perpendicular to the traveling direction of the machine body, and more installation methods are usually adopted.
  • the smooth transition between the machine body's pick-up machine cutting device, transmission device, threshing device, sieving device, grain collection device and straw collection device, etc. is relatively poor, so it is easy to cause greater energy consumption and The loss of equipment parts also limits the improvement of harvesting efficiency to a large extent.
  • Fig. 23 shows the arrangement where the cylindrical shell 8 and the cleaning separation drum are parallel to the traveling direction of the machine body.
  • the corn plants are pulled into the machine and cut by the machine body's pick-in machine cutting device, and are concentrated and transported by the transmission device to a threshing device and a sieving device that are parallel and consistent with the machine body's traveling direction, as well as a grain collection device and straw collection Equipment, etc., complete the machine cutting and harvesting of ears and grains of corn plants.
  • the feed inlets and the grass spouts of the two drums of the threshing device and the sieving device are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of each drum parallel to the traveling direction of the machine body, and the third conveying unit is connected to the feeding of the threshing device.
  • the grass spit of the threshing device is connected to the transition flat screen and the feed inlet of the sieving device, and the grass spit at the rear end of the sieving device is connected to the straw collection device.
  • This kind of connection arrangement in which the threshing device and the sieving device are parallel and consistent with the traveling direction of the machine body can be more easily fed into the threshing device by the gathering auger of the second conveying unit, and at the same time, the straw and grass are cleared.
  • the sorting and sieving device can play the role of the transitional flat screen screening function for the grain, straw, and grass. In this way, the arrangement and installation of the third conveying unit for ear stems and the transitional flat screen at the front end of the threshing device can be omitted.
  • the threshing device and the sieving device can be designed as a conjoined device for the front and rear sections.
  • the cross bar on the drive shaft of the front threshing device is equipped with rotatable peeling plate teeth, and the rear screening device adopts the drive shaft disk.
  • the threshing toggle rod or the cleaning toggle cross rod can be installed on the same disk drive shaft.
  • the drum design can be used front and rear. Structures with different thicknesses or structures with different diameters of the drive shaft discs, preferably the structure with the diameter difference of the front and the thick drum diameter or the structure with the large diameter of the front drive shaft and the small diameter of the front drive shaft, which is suitable for threshing and cleaning
  • the two drums require different gaps between the threshing toggle bar or the cleaning toggle bar and the drum.
  • a shunt guide plate slot is designed in the drum to advance the core straw from the threshing to the cleaning and separation direction.
  • the two-stage combined drum is welded and fixed to the diversion guide plate groove, the front section of the guide plate groove is shallow and the rear section is deep, the height of the diversion guide plate groove is 1-10cm, the front section is optimally 0.5-2cm, and the rear section is optimally 2-6cm, forming transitional changes .
  • the threshing device and the sieving device are connected in parallel with the traveling direction of the machine body.
  • the threshing device and the sieving device may be separate drums, or two drums combined to form a front threshing and rear Drum device for end screening.
  • the size design of the threshing device and the sieving device can be designed in accordance with the aforementioned size design, and the operating capacity of the threshing function and the sieving function can be adjusted according to the machine harvesting capacity requirements.
  • the length of the two drums is designed to be 1:1-1 :2.
  • the drive shaft plate of the front section of the threshing drum leaves a receiving space backward, and is formed by setting auger advancement or guiding groove plate, or adopting the design of rotatable peeling plate teeth or toggle teeth on the cross bar The arrangement of screwing backwards to realize the force of pushing the feed material backwards.
  • the threshing device and the sieving device are connected in parallel with the traveling direction of the machine body, considering the above-mentioned threshing and cleaning and screening of the two drums for the threshing toggle bar or the cleaning toggle bar and the drum
  • the drive shaft disc is set preferably with a fine front end and a thick rear end. The diameter difference structure of the drive shaft disc is beneficial to the feeding of ears and straws into the threshing and sieving process .
  • the threshing device and the sieving device are connected in parallel with the traveling direction of the machine body.
  • the threshing device and the sieving device may be separate drums, or two drums combined to form a front threshing and rear Conjoined two-stage combined drum device with end screening.
  • the bottom half circle of the drum is a cut-flow drum screen. After the seeds are peeled off, they pass through the sieve holes. The grains are collected and entered into the granary system. For cleaning and separation, the horizontal gear lever rotates the corn cob straw and the grass is guided through the splitter plate slot.
  • the screen holes of the tangential drum can adopt square holes, rectangular holes, diamond holes, trapezoidal holes, elliptical holes, and round holes. It is best to use round or elliptical holes.
  • the round or elliptical holes have good sliding properties and do not cause blockage, thereby reducing the obstacles in the process of cleaning and separating corn cob stalks and grains.
  • the design of the threshing drum system that is 0° or 180° in the same direction as the forward direction of the harvesting machinery, and the design of the straw cleaning and separating drum system is not limited to corn harvesting machinery, and is suitable for any crop harvesting system to improve The operating speed of the crop harvesting machinery.
  • the above-mentioned corn plant harvesting and processing equipment is also suitable for the threshing operation of harvesting incompletely mature corn as a last resort for rushing to harvest. Since the not fully mature corn kernel contains water and has certain flexibility, its harvesting and threshing rate is lower than the complete Harvest of ripe corn. Even the harvested corn kernels that are not fully mature have a very low crushing rate, which is even lower than that of fully mature corn harvested. Based on the functional characteristics of the above-mentioned harvesting machinery, it can be suitable for the direct harvest of high-water content corn kernels and the operation requirements of cross-regional harvesting of corn.

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Abstract

一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，包括由动力驱动行驶的机体，所述机体的最前端设置扒入机割装置，所述扒入机割装置后方的机体上依次设置传输装置、脱粒装置、分筛装置(11)、籽粒收集装置(10)及秸秆收集装置，该高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，能够实现硬性/非硬性玉米籽粒脱粒不对行直收，不受籽粒含水量限制，能够大幅度降低玉米籽粒直收破碎率，能够实现跨区域的玉米收获作业。

Description

高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备 技术领域
本发明涉及农业机械技术领域，尤其指一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备。
背景技术
已知，玉米、麦、水稻是我国的三大粮食作物，其中玉米位列第二，在粮食生产中占有重要地位。但现阶段，我国玉米机械化收割程度较低，在全国范围内不到20％，远低于小麦机收率82.3％，水稻(中晚稻)机收率52.8％的水平；因此，相关农业机械的提升空间巨大。目前，玉米收割机所面临的最大问题是籽粒破碎损失率较大；另外，玉米茎秆的还田或收集饲料资源化利用程度较低。由于玉米种植中不同地域农艺差异形成的不同行间距，现有机械需对玉米进行对行收获，对行收获机型无法与农艺相配套，不能适应不同的玉米种植规格，无法跨区域作业，在收获作业过程中玉米果穗丢失严重，造成大量收获损失，收割后留茬高度参差不齐，影响下茬耕种。特别是针对倒伏的玉米更是难以实施收获作业。
另外，玉米籽粒直收机械，通常还是先摘取得到玉米穗，再对玉米穗进行脱粒。其包括摘穗、果穗输送、脱粒清选等过程，相对设备结构复杂，价格成本高。
又如，现有玉米籽粒直收多采用硬性脱粒，适收时节受籽粒含水量限制，籽粒破碎率高。受不同地域、不同种植管理、不同品种等因素影响，也增大了玉米籽粒含水量的差异变化，造成很大的摘穗掉粒或籽粒破碎等损失，难以实现跨区域的玉米收获作业，不能满足活秆成熟籽粒直收和秸秆饲料化捆包的玉米产业发展需求。
另外，玉米收获机割作业幅宽小，工作效率低，柔软的玉米苞叶以及植株叶片无法压紧和切碎，严重影响收获的饲草质量管理与使用。
又如，玉米收获一次作业完成摘穗、剥皮、果穗输送、脱粒清选、籽粒直收入仓，而针对玉米秸秆和玉米芯，缺乏进行直接饲料化预前处理捆包的一体化先进收获机械。
因此，玉米收割加工农业机械设备的改进成为了亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备。
为实现上述效果，本发明的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备采用如下技术方案：
一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，包括由动力驱动行驶的机体，所述机体的最前端设置扒入机割装置，所述扒入机割装置后方的机体上依次设置传输装置、脱粒装置、分筛装置、籽粒收集装置及秸秆收集装置。
作为优选，所述脱粒装置包括：
筒状壳体，所述筒状壳体水平设置在所述机体上且下半部的壳壁呈筛网状，所述壳体内水平设置可转动的驱动轴，所述驱动轴两端分别设置驱动轴盘；
脱粒横杆，所述脱粒横杆的两端分别与两驱动轴盘连接，所述脱粒横杆具有多根且围绕所述驱动轴的轴线均布设置，各脱粒横杆上均间隔设置剥粒板齿；以及，
喂入口与秸秆吐出口，所述喂入口开设在所述筒状壳体的弧形壳壁上；所述秸秆吐出口设置在于所述喂入口相对的所述筒状壳体的另一侧弧形壳壁上。
作为优选，相邻的两所述脱粒横杆上的剥粒板齿在竖直方向上错位设置，所述脱粒横杆上的相邻剥粒板齿之间设定位套管，所述剥粒板齿可绕所述脱粒横杆旋转，所述剥粒板齿为矩形片状，所述剥粒板齿的长度方向1/3处中部开孔并套设在所述脱粒横杆上。
作为优选，所述分筛装置包括：
过渡平板筛，所述过渡平板筛包括具有斜向上倾斜坡度的筛板，所述筛板上均布有筛孔，所述过度平板筛的筛板最下端与所述筒状壳体的秸秆吐出口联通；
清选分离滚筒，其水平设置在所述机体上并与所述过渡平板筛的筛板最上端联通，所述清选分离滚筒内设置驱动轴，所述驱动轴的两端分别设置驱动轴盘，还包括两端分别与两驱动轴盘连接的齿杆，所述齿杆围绕所述驱动轴的轴心均布设置多根，所述齿杆上等间距设置多个拨动齿；所述清选分离滚筒的下半部为切流筛网，所述清选分离滚筒的上半部为切流滚筒，所述切流筛网及所述切流滚筒的内壁分别均布设置分流导向槽，所述分流导向槽在所述清选分离滚筒的内壁上沿所述清选分离滚筒的轴向呈螺旋形排布，并且向所述清选分离滚筒的所述排草口方向进行导向；所述清选分离滚筒的沿轴向的一端或两端或聚中部位设置排草口。
作为优选，所述分筛装置还包括设置在所述清选分离滚筒下方的震动筛板，所述震动筛板具有依次向后阶梯高度递减的多级筛板，所述震动筛板由震动传动轴驱动进行震动。
作为优选，所述籽粒收集装置包括设置在所述筒状壳体、所述过度平板筛及所述震动筛板下方的锥形收集斗，所述收集斗的底部通过传输绞龙连接籽粒提升通道的一端，所述籽粒提升通道的另一端设置籽粒收集仓，所述籽粒收集仓设置在所述机体的侧端、后端或顶部。
作为优选，所述扒入机割装置包括：
支架，所述支架安装至所述机体的最前端，
横向剪切刀组，其包括沿所述支架后侧面的底边横向设置的多个横向切割刀，用于切割经过所述植株扒入轮扒入后的植株；
竖立剪切刀组，其包括设置在所述支架的后侧面的一侧边的多个竖立切割刀，用于对经过植株扒入轮扒入的呈横侧倒伏状态或倾斜的玉米植株进行切割；
植株扒入轮，其设置在所述支架的前端，所述植株扒入轮包括轮轴以及多个扒拢齿，所述扒拢齿呈L形并围绕所述轮轴设置，所述植株扒入轮通过电机驱动朝着横向剪切刀组及竖立剪切刀组所在的方向转动。
作为优选，在沿所述机体的前进方向上，在设置有所述竖立切割刀的所述支架的一侧设置垄定位定向杆；在所述支架的后侧面的底边间隔设置多个垄定位分禾杆。
作为优选，所述传输装置包括依次设置在所述扒入机割装置的支架的后侧的第一输送单元、第二输送单元及第三输送单元，所述第一输送单元为由传动轮驱动的输送带或输送链板；所述第二输送单元为横置于所述第一输送单元的输送路径末端的聚中输送绞龙；所述第三输送单元为设置在所述第二输送单元与所述脱粒装置之间的输送槽、输送带或输送链板，所述输送槽、输送带或输送链板的输送路径末端与所述筒状壳体的喂入口联通。
作为优选，所述秸秆收集装置包括：
仓筒，其为中空的圆柱形，所述仓筒的两端分别设置能够由驱动轴驱动而旋转的驱动轴盘，所述仓筒内设置旋拧叉，所述旋拧叉平行所述仓筒的轴线在所述仓筒的长度方向延伸，所述仓筒的弧形侧壁上设置秸秆草喂入口，所述仓筒上设置可上下张开合闭的合页开口；
输送绞龙，其一端与所述秸秆草喂入口连接以将秸秆草输送至所述仓筒中，所述输送绞龙的另一端连接至所述分筛装置的排草口；以及，
微生物喷头，其设置在所述输送绞龙输送路径上方，用于向输送绞龙上的秸秆草喷洒微生物菌液。
作为优选，所述秸秆打捆收集装置还包括设置在所述合页开口处的覆膜装置，所述覆膜装置包括：
薄膜仓，其设置在所述仓筒的弧形外壁上，所述薄膜仓中设置塑料膜卷筒，
包裹转动轴杆，所述包裹转动轴杆的两端枢接至所述仓筒的两端，所述薄膜仓中的塑料膜的伸出端与所述包括转动轴杆的中段连接。
作为优选，所述脱粒装置的筒状壳体平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置。
作为优选，所述分筛装置的清选分离滚筒平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置。
与现有技术相比，本发明的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，通过开发一种有多组可转动式剥粒板齿构成的玉米植株收割加工设备，能够实现硬性/非硬性玉米籽粒脱粒直收，不受籽粒含水量限制，能够大幅度降低玉米籽粒直收破碎率，不再受限于不同地域、不同种植管理、不同品 种因素影响，特别是能够适用于高含水量玉米籽粒直收的机械化应用，最大限度地避免了摘穗掉粒或籽粒破碎等损失，能够实现跨区域的玉米收获作业，从而满足活秆成熟籽粒直收和秸秆饲料化捆包的玉米产业发展需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例的整体侧视图；
图2为本发明的实施例的扒入机割装置的结构侧视图；
图3为本发明的实施例的扒入机割装置的俯视结构示意图，图中的支架的后侧面的侧边为展平状态；
图4为本发明的实施例的扒入机割装置的扒入轮结构示意图；
图5为本发明的实施例的脱粒装置的内部结构立体视图；
图6为本发明的实施例的脱粒装置的侧视剖视图；
图7为本发明的实施例的筒状壳体的侧视剖视图；
图8为本发明的实施例的脱粒横杆的侧视图；
图9为本发明的实施例的剥粒板齿的立体图；
图10为本发明的实施例的分筛装置的侧视剖视图；
图11为本发明的实施例的清选分离滚筒的侧视剖视图；
图12为本发明的实施例的清选分离滚筒内的结构立体图；
图13为本发明的实施例的震动筛板的立体图；
图14为本发明的实施例的分筛装置的实际使用示意图；
图15为本发明的实施例的秸秆收集装置的立体视图；
图16为本发明的实施例的输送绞龙的内部结构图；
图17为本发明的实施例的微生物喷头的示意图；
图18为本发明的实施例的仓筒的结构示意图；
图19为本发明的实施例的一种驱动轴盘及旋拧叉的结构示意图；
图20为本发明的实施例的另一种驱动轴盘及旋拧叉的结构示意图
图21为本发明的实施例的覆膜装置的结构示意图；
图22为本发明的实施例的籽粒收集装置的结构示意图；
图23为本发明的实施例的脱粒装置的筒状壳体及分筛装置的清选分离滚筒的一种放置方式的俯视结构示意图；
图24为本发明的实施例的脱粒装置的筒状壳体及分筛装置的清选分离滚筒的另一种放置方式的俯视结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-植株扒入轮；1-1扒拢齿；2-横向剪切刀组；2-1横向静剪切刀；2-2横向动剪切刀；3-竖立剪切刀组；3-1竖立静剪切刀；3-2竖立动剪切刀；4-垄定位定向杆；4-1垄定位分禾杆；5-传输带；5-1横杆角铁；5-2传动链条；5-3前传动轮；5-4后传动轮；6-输送蛟龙；7-输送槽；8筒状壳体；8-1驱动轴盘；8-2脱粒横杆；8-3剥粒板齿；8-4定位套管；8-5切流筛网；8-6切流滚筒；8-7喂入口；8-8秸秆吐出口；9-过渡平板筛；10-籽粒收集装置10-1籽粒传输蛟龙；10-2籽粒提升通道；10-3籽粒收集仓；11-分筛装置；11-1、驱动轴盘；11-2、齿杆；11-3、切流筛网；11-4、切流滚筒；11-5、分流导向槽；11-6、秸秆草喂入口；11-7、排草口；12-送风装置13-1震动筛板；13-2震动传动轴；14-1、排草口；14-2、微生物喷头；14-3覆膜装置；14-4、输送绞龙；14-5、仓筒；14-6、14-9旋拧叉；14-7、旋拧叉衔接孔；14-8、驱动轴盘；14-10、秸秆草喂入口；14-11、薄膜仓；14-12、转动轴杆；14-13、塑料膜；14-14、合页开口。
具体实施方式
参照图1至图14所示，本实施例提供一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，包括由动力驱动行驶的机体，所述机体的最前端设置扒入机割装置，所述扒入机割装置后方的机体上依次设置传输装置、脱粒装置、分筛装置、籽粒收集装置及秸秆收集装置。
具体的，机体行驶过程中，通过扒入机割装置对地面的玉米植株进行扒入机割，然后通过传输装置依次传输至脱粒装置及分筛装置，将玉米植株中的玉米籽粒与玉米秸秆分离，并将玉米籽粒集中收集，将能够利用的玉米秸秆收集以便于进行后续的饲料转化应用或有机还田应用等。
具体的，参照图5至图9，所述脱粒装置包括筒状壳体8、脱粒横杆8-2、喂入口8-7及秸秆吐出口8-8。所述筒状壳体8水平放置且下半部的壳壁呈筛网状，所述壳体内水平设置可转动的驱动轴，所述驱动轴两端分别设置驱动轴盘8-1；所述脱粒横杆8-2的两端分别与两驱动轴盘8-1连接，所述脱粒横杆8-2具有多根且围绕所述驱动轴的轴线均布设置，各脱粒横杆8-2上均间隔设置剥粒板齿8-3；所述喂入口8-7开设在所述筒状壳体8的弧形壳壁上；所述秸秆吐出口8-8设置在于所述喂入口8-7相对的所述筒状壳体8的另一侧弧形壳壁上，具体的，通过驱动轴带动驱动轴盘8-1上的脱粒横杆8-2和剥粒板齿8-3，形成切流转动的脱粒作用。
其中，具体的，驱动轴盘8-1的直径为30-300cm，优选为45cm、60cm或200cm，驱动轴盘8-1的边缘与筒状壳体8的内壁间隙为4-20cm，优选为5cm、6cm或10cm；筒状壳体8的直径为35-320cm，最优为50cm、70cm或220cm。驱动轴盘8-1在脱粒滚筒内的转速为400-800转/分。筒状壳体8的宽幅100-500cm，具体宽幅根据扒入机割装置的宽幅和传输装置以及聚中式输送绞龙的宽幅设计，最优150-350cm。
具体的，参照图6至图7，筒状壳体8具体包括上半部的切流滚筒8-6及下半部的切流筛网8-5，切流筛网8-5和切流滚筒8-6相连接的两侧边缘的上下衔接位置分别设置喂入口8-7及秸秆吐出口8-8。具体的，喂入口的宽度占筒状壳体8的宽度的1/4-1的宽度，优选1/2-2/3的宽度。秸秆吐出口8-8的宽幅，为筒状壳体8的宽幅的1/4-1的宽幅度，优选1/2-2/3的宽幅度。
根据驱动轴盘8-1直径大小，在两个脱粒驱动轴盘8-1之间，可以安装4-16根脱粒横杆8-2。其中，驱动轴盘8-1的转速可以根据脱粒横杆8-2的数量多少进行调整，例如，当脱粒横杆8-2数量少时提高驱动轴盘8-1的转速，脱粒横杆8-2数量多时降低驱动轴盘8-1的转速，当然，脱粒横杆8-2的数量也可以是16根以上，需要根据脱粒横杆8-2的数量同时设定合适的驱动轴盘8-1转速，以避免脱粒造成玉米籽粒破碎，并达到最好的脱粒效果。
需要说明的是，本实施例的驱动轴盘8-1的直径大小，筒状壳体8的直径大小，不受上述尺寸大小限制，可以根据玉米脱粒收获机械规模大小进行相应设计。
优选的，为强化脱粒横杆8-2强度不受外力作用而变型，可以在驱动轴盘8-1之间的脱粒横杆8-2的宽幅内等距安装1-4个强化固定圆盘，上述结构是清楚的，故未在附图中表示，在此不一一赘述。
优选的，参照图5、图8至图9，在脱粒横杆8-2上设置安装等间距可转动式剥粒板齿8-3，相邻脱粒横杆8-2上的可转动剥粒板齿8-3形成错位排布，在筒状壳体8的宽幅范围构成转动脱粒过程作用力的同时，因为是错位先后作用，能够减少脱粒过程的脱粒横杆8-2受力，也避免了对玉米穗粒的硬性破碎性剥粒，有向两侧的滑动空间，减少脱粒的破碎率。脱粒横杆8-2上的可转动式剥粒板齿8-3之间有定位套管8-4定位，防治剥粒板齿8-3平移移位滑动。两块剥粒板齿8-3的间距为10-30cm，优选15-20cm。每根脱粒横杆8-2上的可转动式剥粒板齿8-3的板齿数量，根据筒状壳体8的宽幅设定9-25块。
优选的，脱粒横杆8-2的两端端点部或端点向内10-20cm处，沿驱动轴盘8-1的圆盘外圆周等间距固定在两个圆盘上，在筒状壳体8的两端部位，形成剥粒板齿8-3转动脱粒的作业空间。驱动轴转动带动驱动轴盘8-1和脱粒横杆8-2以及剥粒板齿8-3转动，避免在筒状壳体8的两端部位的间隙造成籽粒秸秆残留或滞留等影响剥脱粒效率。
具体的，脱粒横杆8-2的可转动剥粒板齿8-3与筒状壳体8的切流滚筒8-6和切流筛网8-5的内壁间隙为4-15cm，并且间隙距离可调；间隙小，脱粒横杆8-2的转动驱动轴盘8-1受力增大，造成玉米籽粒破碎率升高；间隙大，虽然脱粒横杆8-2的转动驱动轴盘8-1受力减少，会明显降低对玉 米穗的脱粒效率；玉米脱粒横杆8-2的可转动剥粒板齿8-3与切流滚筒8-6和切流筛网8-5的内壁间隙，优选为5cm-9cm，能够顺应玉米的穗径粗大小，并同时形成玉米穗或芯的挤压作用，进一步实现对玉米穗粒籽实的脱粒收获。
优选的，所述剥粒板齿8-3为矩形片状，所述剥粒板齿8-3的长度方向1/3处中部开孔并套设在所述脱粒横杆上。剥粒板齿8-3的长度为4-25cm，优选为10-15cm。剥粒板齿8-3的长度方向的1/3位置点中心开孔，或采用黄金分割的位点中心开孔，孔径略大于脱粒横杆8-2径粗，可转动剥粒板齿8-3之间采用脱粒横杆8-2上设置定位套管固定，以避免可转动剥粒板齿8-3平移移位滑动。安装在脱粒横杆8-2上的剥粒板齿8-3构成了1/3和2/3长幅差别的可转动型剥粒板齿8-3。
通过这样的结构，可以避免对玉米籽实形成硬性剥脱粒而造成籽粒破碎。另外，剥粒板齿的开孔位置也可以不仅限于其长度方向的1/3位置，例如，可以是其长度方向的黄金分割位置，具体在此不一一赘述。驱动轴盘8-1旋转驱动脱粒横杆8-2，并带动可转动剥粒板齿8-3在切流筛网8-5和切流滚筒8-6中转动，对玉米穗籽实形成剥粒脱粒作用。在剥粒脱粒的过程中，错位排布固定可转动的剥粒板齿8-3、剥粒板齿8-3的长度差别结构，脱粒横杆8-2与筒状壳体8与切流筛网8-5和切流滚筒8-6之间的间隙可调，在驱动轴转动带动驱动轴盘8-1和脱粒横杆8-2以及剥粒板齿8-3转动，错位排布能够减少脱粒过程的脱粒横杆8-2受力，剥粒板齿8-3的1/3和2/3的长幅结构，能够顺应玉米穗自身两端的粗细大小差别，以及各玉米穗的粗细差别变化。很大程度上能够避免对玉米穗籽实的硬性剥粒，提高剥粒效率，同时降低剥粒破碎70-90％以上。
脱粒横杆8-2的长幅100-500cm，匹配玉米整株机割刀总成宽幅、玉米穗茎秆传输带和聚中式输送绞龙的宽幅，以及筒状壳体8的宽幅，优选150-350cm。
具体的，筒状壳体8的下半部设置为切流筛网8-5，剥脱的玉米籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓的环节。筛孔可采用方孔、长方孔、菱型孔、梯型孔、椭圆型孔，以及圆型孔等筛网开孔方式。最优采用圆型孔或椭圆型孔，圆型孔或椭圆型孔的滑动性好，不易产生钩挂堵塞，在玉米收获过程中减少障碍性作业停滞。孔径大小范围1.5-3.0cm，最优为1.6-1.8cm。孔径过小，不利于籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓，同时也容易被碎秸秆堵塞，影响玉米籽粒收获效率。孔径过大，籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓的同时，将增加碎玉米芯秸秆的透过，掺杂到玉米籽粒中的碎秸秆含量增加，影响收获籽粒的洁净度。同时，孔径过大，玉米芯秸秆在切流过程中，与筛网孔之间形成更大的钩挂摩擦或扯拽阻力，增大收获作业阻力，容易造成切流筛网8-5变型损坏。
优选的，本实施例中，所述高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备还可以包括送风装置12，其设置在筒状壳体8的下方，或下方稍前的部位，可以设置送风装置12，利用风选吹除透过玉米植株收割加工设备的下半圆切流筛网8-5的玉米糠或碎玉米芯秸秆，进一步提高玉米穗脱粒后的籽实洁净程度。
继续参照图1至图4，本实施例中，具体的，扒入机割装置包括支架、植株扒入轮1、横向剪切刀组2，竖立剪切刀组3。其中，支架安装至机体的前端，植株扒入轮1设置在支架的前端，植株扒入轮1由电机驱动朝着横向剪切刀组及竖立剪切刀组所在的方向转动，横向剪切刀组2包括沿所述支架后侧面的底边横向设置的多个横向切割刀，用于切割经过所述植株扒入轮1扒入后的植株；竖立剪切刀组3包括设置在所述支架的后侧面的一侧的多个竖立切割刀，用于对经过植株扒入轮1扒入的呈横侧倒伏状态或倾斜的玉米植株进行切割。
具体的，在机体前进时，扒入轮1将玉米植株扒入，然后大部分植株的颈部通过横向剪切刀组的切割后，植株向后方倾倒并输送至输送带5上，同时，也会有一部分玉米植株在扒入后无法被横向剪切刀组切割，例如扒入后呈倾斜或倾倒状态以及倒伏的植株，这时竖立剪切刀组就会产生作用，将这些状态的玉米植株从颈部切割，通过这样的结构，可以使机体能够最大限度的对其前进方向上的玉米植株进行机割，避免机体前行碾压和漏割损失，减少机体前行阻力，也无需来回多次收割，提高了收割效率。
具体的，继续参照图2至图3，通过玉米植株扒入机割装置后的玉米整株被切割放倒，并通过输送带5输送至机械设备的后续加工装置中，具体的，输送带5包括横杆角铁5-1，传动链条5-2，前传动轮5-3，后传动轮5-4。
靠近脱粒滚筒端的玉米穗茎秆喂入输送槽的后端输送传动轴设定为位置固定安装的主传动轴。靠近绞龙输送端的玉米穗茎秆喂入输送槽的前端输送传动轴，设定为位置可上下移动的输送传动轴，两个传动轴之间构成的长幅间距，是采用在输送带或输送横杆链条的上下夹层间进行框架固定；靠近绞龙输送端的玉米穗茎秆输送槽的前传动轴，位置可上下移动的设计，是为了避免绞龙输送喂入的玉米穗茎秆在玉米穗茎秆输送槽的入口形成堵塞。喂入量大时，玉米穗茎秆输送槽的前传动轴带动输送带或输送横杆链条向上位移，增大纳入量减少阻塞，向后传输的同时挤压玉米穗秸秆，为在脱粒滚筒中的顺利脱粒形成辅助处理。玉米穗茎秆输送槽的前传动轴的上下可移动，可以采用前传动轴自身重量或弹簧辅助，形成向下的垂力，可上下位移幅度为5～20cm，最优5～15cm，优选前传动轴自身重量形成向下的垂力。
玉米穗茎秆输送槽的前传动轴对输送带或输送横杆链条的带动，自上向下向后转动传输，以及后主动轴对传输带的自下向上向前的转动传输，对玉米穗茎秆输送槽内的下部输送带或输送横杆链条形成牵引力量，特别是针对输送带，这种传动输送方式不会造成玉米穗茎秆输送槽内的下部输送带的松弛或延伸，形成对玉米穗茎秆的牵拉输送，能够减少玉米穗茎秆在输送槽内的阻塞，同时，减少对设备和传输带材料的损耗。
具体的，参照图1、图4，所述植株扒入轮1包括轮轴以及多个扒拢齿1-1，所述扒拢齿1-1呈L形并围绕所述轮轴设置，具体的，L扒拢齿1-1的一个臂与轮轴连接，另一个臂悬在空中，对玉米植株进行扒拢，本实施例中，扒拢齿1-1围绕所述轮轴设置4个，相邻扒拢齿1-1之间夹角90°。具体的，扒拢齿长度10cm-50cm，优选15cm-30cm。
优选的，所述扒拢齿1-1悬在空中的一个臂，是具有用于对扒入的植株起导向的疏导作用，以避免对作物植株的钩挂，避免造成扒拢阻塞以及对扒入轮的拉扯损坏。
优选的，所述横向剪切刀包括横向静剪切刀2-1以及横向动剪切刀2-2，所述横向动剪切刀2-2设置在所述横向静剪切刀2-1的上方，所述横向静剪切刀2-1固定至所述支架，所述横向动剪切刀2-2由所述机体的动力驱动做横向往复运动以切割玉米植株。
优选的，所述竖立剪切刀包括竖立静剪切刀3-1以及竖立动剪切刀3-2，所述竖立动剪切刀3-2与所述竖立静剪切刀3-1依次交错设置，所述竖立静剪切刀3-1固定至所述支架，所述竖立动剪切刀3-2由所述机体的动力驱动做竖立往复运动以切割玉米植株。
优选的，参照图3，为本发明的实施例的扒入机割装置的俯视结构示意图，为了更好的展示的侧边与水平面之间的夹角，图中的支架的后侧面的侧边为展平状态；如图所示，所述支架的侧边沿所述机体的前进方向向前倾斜设置，所述支架的侧边与水平面之间的夹角为45°-85°。通过这样的设置，使设置在支架的侧边上的竖立剪切刀组也同样向前倾斜设置，使竖立剪切刀组对横侧倒伏或倾斜的玉米植株形成向下裹入切割的作用，提高切割效率。具体的，向前倾斜时与水平面之间的夹角角度优选为60°-80°，切割效果最好。
优选的，在沿所述机体的前进方向上，在设置有所述竖立切割刀的所述支架的一侧设置垄定位定向杆4，本实施例的玉米扒入机割装置安装至机体时，机体在进行收割作业时沿着一片农田的外延螺旋前进并逐步向农田中心靠近，垄定位定向杆4和竖立剪切刀组设置在支架随机体螺旋前进方向的玉米扒入机割装置靠近玉米植株群体的内延一侧，能够利用竖立剪切刀组将玉米植株倾倒向玉米机割收获路线的倒伏玉米植株进行切割，便于横向剪切刀组与竖立剪切刀组对玉米植株进行切割收获，同时也无需机体进行对行收割时的多次转向操作，提高了收割效率，且能够适用于较小面积的农田植株收割。
优选的，在所述垄定位定向杆4的外侧分别设置垄定位分禾杆4-1，防止植株缠绕以及输送过程阻塞。
具体的，本实施例中，所述横向静剪切刀2-1与所述横向动剪切刀2-2的刀刃长度为5cm-30cm，优选10cm-15cm，所述横向静剪切刀2-1与所述横向动剪切刀2-2的刀刃长度不等长。
所述竖立静剪切刀与所述竖立动剪切刀的刀刃长度为5cm-30cm，优选10cm-15cm，所述竖立静剪切刀与所述竖立动剪切刀的刀刃长度不等长。
具体的，所述横向剪切刀组3的覆盖宽幅为100cm-500cm，优选150cm-350cm所述竖立剪切刀组3的覆盖高幅为50cm-250cm，优选100cm-150cm。
进一步的，参照图10至图14，所述分筛装置包括过渡平板筛9，所述过渡平板筛9包括具有斜向上倾斜坡度的筛板，所述筛板上均布有筛孔；清选分离滚筒，其与所述过渡平板筛9的筛板最上端联通，用于向清选分离滚筒中输送玉米秸秆草籽粒混合物，所述清选分离滚筒内设置驱动轴，所述驱动轴的两端分别设置驱动轴盘11-1，还包括齿杆11-2，齿杆11-2的两端分别与两驱动轴盘11-1连接，清选分离滚筒的下半部为切流筛网11-3，所述清选分离滚筒的上半部为切流滚筒11-4，所述切流筛网11-3及所述切流滚筒11-4的内壁分别均布设置分流导向槽11-5，所述清选分离滚筒的一端或两端或聚中部位设置排草口11-7。
具体的，在整个玉米植株机割加工作业中，经过脱粒滚筒处理的玉米穗及秸秆混合物，进入到过渡平板筛9，是为了进一步筛分玉米籽粒和玉米芯秸秆，并连接籽粒及玉米芯秸秆的清选分离滚筒。脱粒后的玉米芯秸秆通过过渡平板筛9，被推送进入到清选分离滚筒。
其中，参照图10，过渡平板筛9由前向后形成一个向上的倾斜坡度，倾斜角度30-60°，优选为35-45°。过渡平板筛9的筛孔可采用方孔、长方孔、菱型孔、梯型孔、椭圆型孔，以及圆型孔等筛网开孔方式。优选采用圆型孔或椭圆型孔，圆型孔或椭圆型孔的滑动性好，不产生钩挂堵塞，从而减少将玉米芯秸秆推送进入到清选分离滚筒过程中的障碍性作业停滞。筛孔的孔径大小范围1.5-3.0cm，最优为1.6-1.8cm。孔径过小，不利于籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓，同时也容易被碎玉米芯秸秆堵塞，影响玉米籽粒收获效率。孔径过大，籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓的同时，将增加碎玉米芯秸秆的透过，掺杂到玉米籽粒中的碎秸秆含量增加，影响收获籽粒的洁净度。同时，孔径过大，玉米芯秸秆在过渡平板筛9的筛分过程中，与筛网孔之间形成更大的钩挂摩擦或扯拽阻力，增大收获作业阻力，容易造成过渡平板筛9网变型损坏。
过渡平板筛9的一端与玉米植株机割加工作业中的玉米穗脱粒滚筒的玉米芯秸秆吐出口连接，过渡平板筛9的另一端与清选分离滚筒的玉米芯秸秆草喂入口11-6的连接，其宽幅为玉米穗脱粒滚筒宽幅和清选分离滚筒宽幅的1/4-1的宽幅度，最优1/2-2/3的宽幅度。
参照图10至图13，清选分离滚筒的安装有拨动横齿杆11-2的转动驱动轴盘11-1，直径为50-150-400cm，最优为60-80-300cm，玉米芯秸秆草的清选分离驱动轴盘11-1、拨动齿杆11-2与切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3的内壁间隙为5-25cm，最优为6-10-15cm；玉米籽粒及秸秆草的清选分离滚筒直径为55-425cm，最优为66-150-315cm。清选分离驱动轴盘11-1在玉米芯秸秆草清选分离滚筒内的转速为600转/分-1200转/分。
玉米芯秸秆草的清选分离滚筒宽幅100-500cm，匹配玉米整株机割刀总成宽幅、玉米穗茎秆传输带和聚中式输送绞龙的宽幅，以及玉米穗切流脱粒滚筒的宽幅，最优150-350cm。
拨动齿杆11-2的两端端点部或端点向内10-20cm处，沿驱动轴盘的圆盘外圆周等间距固定在两个圆盘上，在清选分离滚筒的两端部位，形成秸秆草清选分离拨动的作业空间。驱动轴转动带动驱动轴盘和拨动齿杆转动，避免在清选分离滚筒两端部位的间隙造成玉米芯秸秆残留或滞留等影响清选分离效率。
切流筛网11-3位于清选分离滚筒的下半部，切流筛网11-3和切流滚筒11-4的连接的上下衔接位，设置过渡平板筛9与清选分离滚筒连接的喂入口，清选分离滚筒用于清选筛分随玉米芯秸秆草裹卷进到清选分离滚筒中的玉米籽粒，并进一步对残剩没有剥脱的玉米籽粒进行脱粒，避免玉米收获损失。过渡平板筛9与清选分离滚筒的连接处的喂入口宽幅为玉米穗脱粒滚筒宽幅和清选分离滚筒宽幅的1/4-1的宽幅度，最优1/2-2/3的宽幅度。排草口11-7设置在清选分离滚筒的一端或两端或聚中部位，用于排草，排出的草可以进入玉米芯秸秆草的捆包打捆环节加以利用。
具体的，切流筛网11-3的筛孔可采用方孔、长方孔、菱型孔、梯型孔、椭圆型孔，以及圆型孔等筛网开孔方式。最优采用圆型孔或椭圆型孔，圆型孔或椭圆型孔的滑动性好，不产生堵塞，从而减少在玉米芯秸秆与籽粒清选分离过程中的障碍性作业停滞。
具体的，根据驱动轴盘11-1的直径大小，在两个驱动轴盘11-1之间，可以沿驱动轴盘11-1的外圆周等间距固定安装有4-16根齿杆11-2。驱动轴盘11-1的转速可以调整，当所安装的齿杆11-2 数量少时驱动轴盘11-1的转速高，齿杆11-2数量多时，调整驱动轴盘11-1以较低转速转动，当然，玉米芯秸秆草的齿杆11-2也可以是16根以上，并设定合适的转速，进一步通过清选分离滚筒筛分得到剥脱的玉米籽粒，同时避免玉米芯秸秆草的堵塞。驱动轴盘11-1的直径大小，清选分离滚筒的尺寸大小，不受上述尺寸大小限制，可以根据玉米脱粒收获机械规模大小，设计玉米籽粒秸秆分筛装置的处理能力大小。
优选的，根据清选分离滚筒的宽幅，为强化齿杆11-2强度不受外力作用而变型，可以在驱动轴盘11-1之间的齿杆11-2的宽幅内等距安装1-4个强化盘，其中强化盘图未示出，但其结构是清楚的，在此不详细描述。
具体的，在两个驱动轴盘11-1之间安装设置的4-16根齿杆11-2，相邻齿杆11-2上的拨动齿错位排布，齿杆11-2的拨动齿围绕驱动轴盘11-1轴线形成放射排布。通过圆盘中心设置转动驱动轴，驱动轴盘11-1带动齿杆11-2转动；在玉米芯秸秆草的清选分离滚筒的宽幅范围构成转动清选分离过程作用力的同时，因为是错位先后作用，能够减少清选分离过程的齿杆11-2受力，能够充分清选分离玉米芯秸秆草。具体的，齿杆11-2的相邻拨动齿的间距为10-40cm，最优20-30cm。每根齿杆11-2的拨动齿数量，根据清选分离滚筒的宽幅设定15-35根齿。拨动齿的齿长5-25cm，最优为10-20cm。齿杆11-2的长幅100-500cm，匹配玉米整株机割刀总成宽幅、玉米穗茎秆传输带和聚中式输送绞龙的宽幅、玉米穗切流脱粒滚筒的宽幅，以及清选分离滚筒的宽幅，最优150-350cm。
齿杆11-2的拨动齿与切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3的内壁间隙为4-15cm，并且间隙距离可调；最优5-10cm。
具体的，所述分流导向槽11-5在所述清选分离滚筒的内壁上沿所述清选分离滚筒的轴向呈螺旋形排布，并且向清选分离滚筒的排草口11-7方向汇聚，设置在清选分离滚筒内切流筛网11-3和切流滚筒11-4上的分流导向槽11-5的槽高度为2-10cm，最优3-6cm；相邻分流导向槽11-5之间的间隔距离10-40cm，最优20-30cm，能够更顺畅地通过拨动齿杆11-2实现对玉米芯秸秆的拨动导流，从清选分离滚筒排草，并进入玉米芯秸秆草的捆包打捆环节。具体的，齿杆11-2拨动玉米芯秸秆草转动，通过分流导向槽11-5导向，推动玉米芯秸秆草到清选分离滚筒排草口11-7。排草口11-7设定在清选分离滚筒的一侧或两侧或聚中部位，可以根据对玉米收获的能力水平量要求安排。
优选的，位于所述切流滚筒11-4的分流导向槽11-5和位于所述切流筛网11-3的分流导向槽11-5的导向方向相同或相反。当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5沿清选分离滚筒轴由一端向另一端以相同导向方向排布时，拨动齿拨转秸秆草沿分流导向槽11-5旋进，向清选分离滚筒的一端推进排草。
当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5分别沿清选分离滚筒轴向朝两个相反方向导向时，拨动齿拨转秸秆草沿分流导向槽11-5旋进，向清选分离滚筒的两端分别推进排草；
另外，当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5的导向方向为沿清选分离滚筒轴向由清选分离滚筒的两端向中间导向时，拨动齿拨转秸秆草沿分流导向槽11-5旋进，实现向聚中部位的推进排草。
另外，切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5的导向方向也可以沿清选分离滚筒轴向由清选分离滚筒的中间向两端导向，也可以实现从清选分离滚筒的两端推进排草，在此，其他螺旋排布方式及形式可在上述排布方式的基础上进行排列组合切换式的变形，在此不一一赘述。
这里需要说明的是，切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3的分流导向槽11-5的绕清选分离滚筒的轴线的旋转方向可以是相一致的，例如均为绕清选分离滚筒的轴线顺时针旋转或逆时针旋转；而分流导向槽11-5的导向方向是通过分流导向槽11-5的旋进方向实现的，例如，切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5均沿清选分离滚筒的轴线向左旋进，则在清选分离滚筒的左侧设置排草口；当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5均沿清选分离滚筒的轴线向右旋进，则在清选分离滚筒的右侧设置排草口；当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设置的分流导向槽11-5分别沿清选分离滚筒的轴线方向以相反方向旋进，或以相反的方向从清选分离滚筒的中部向清选分离滚筒的两端旋进，则在滚筒的两端设置排草口；当切流滚筒11-4和切流筛网11-3上设 置的分流导向槽11-5分别沿清选分离滚筒轴线从清选分离滚筒的两端以相对方向旋进，则在滚筒的聚中部位设置排草口。
分流导向槽11-5的导向方向优选相对的导向方向，由清选分离滚筒的两端向中部分流导向，形成导向聚中，在滚筒中段部位设置排草口11-7，后接作物秸秆草的捆包打捆系统。从而形成更顺畅的清选分离排草及其捆包打捆的作业过程，减少侧端受力不平衡造成的耗能和机械损耗。当收获作业量大时，优选向两端的相反的导流方向，拨动齿拨转秸秆草沿分流导向槽11-5旋进，向两端推进排草，后接两个作物秸秆草的捆包打捆系统，提高对作物的收获效率，以及秸秆草的捆包打捆能力的匹配。
具体的，脱粒后的玉米芯秸秆草以及残剩在其中的籽粒和没有完全脱粒的玉米穗，通过过渡平板筛9实现玉米籽粒分离，再到清选分离滚筒，进一步经过清选分离滚筒的切流筛网11-3，经切流筛网11-3漏下分离玉米籽粒，进入籽粒收集仓，并对残剩没有剥脱的玉米籽粒进行脱粒；该清选分离滚筒的工作过程，利用驱动轴盘11-1驱动齿杆11-2转动，在清选分离滚筒中，齿杆11-2、分流导向槽11-5，以及清选分离滚筒下半部的切流筛网11-3等的挤压搓动，能够对残剩没有剥脱的玉米籽粒进行进一步的脱粒，避免玉米收获损失。齿杆11-2拨动玉米芯秸秆草转动，并通过分流导向槽11-5，推动玉米芯秸秆草到清选分离滚筒的排草口。玉米芯秸秆草经排草，可以进入到秸秆草收集打包环节，实现秸秆不落地的清洁收集并进行秸秆打包，能够作为没有土壤污染的洁净的秸秆饲料。
进一步的，参照图14，本实施例中的玉米籽粒秸秆分筛装置还包括设置在所述清选分离滚筒下方的震动筛板13-1，所述震动筛板13-1具有依次向后阶梯高度递减的多级筛板，所述震动筛板13-1由震动传动轴13-2驱动进行震动。
具体的，经过清选分离滚筒分离的玉米籽粒和芯秸秆草，玉米籽粒夹杂的碎玉米芯秸秆透过切流筛网11-3，洒落到震动筛板13-1上，通过震动筛板13-1的震动筛分，玉米籽粒透过筛孔被收集进入到粮仓系统环节，同时碎芯秸秆等的玉米糠也随着震动筛板13-1向后的推送震动，将碎玉米芯秸秆等的玉米糠推送撒到农田地表，实现玉米芯秸秆糠的有机还田。
由于大部分的玉米芯秸秆通过排草口11-7排入后续的打捆打包环节，使得通过震动筛板13-1还田的玉米芯秸秆糠比较细碎，在农田中更容易腐烂，不影响后茬作物的精耕细作，同时也减少翻耕后农田土壤中的粗大空隙间隙，减少失墒，减少缺苗断垅。
具体的，震动筛板13-1有阶梯高度变化。震动筛板13-1前部阶梯高度高，向后逐级减低。高度梯度差2-15cm，最优3-6cm。这种震动筛板13-1的前部高阶向后递减的多级筛板阶梯高度变化，通过筛板的前后震动和阶梯高度作用，能够形成向后的推力，有助于筛分碎玉米秸秆芯，将玉米籽粒透过筛孔后清选出的碎玉米芯秸秆等玉米糠向后推送排出，撒施到农田地表。
具体的，震动筛板13-1的筛孔可采用方孔、长方孔、菱型孔、梯型孔、椭圆型孔，以及圆型孔等筛网开孔方式。优选采用梯型孔或圆型孔或椭圆型孔，选用前端短边后端长边梯形孔，有利于清选，圆型孔或椭圆型孔的滑动性好，不产生堵塞，从而减少在玉米芯秸秆与籽粒清选分离过程中的障碍性作业停滞。震动筛板13-1的筛孔，最优采用前端短边后端长边的梯型孔，更有利于震动筛板13-1对玉米籽粒的清选和籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓，同时也有利于风吹清选。孔径大小范围1.5-3.0cm，最优为1.6-1.8cm。孔径过小，不利于籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓，同时也容易被碎秸秆堵塞，影响玉米籽粒收获效率。孔径过大，籽粒透过筛孔进入收集粮仓的同时，将增加碎玉米芯秸秆的透过，掺杂到玉米籽粒中的碎秸秆含量增加，影响收获籽粒的洁净度。
进一步的，玉米穗籽实脱粒收获及其芯秸秆草清选分离，可以借助风吹风选，以进一步提高籽粒清选收获效率，减少籽粒收获物中的碎秸秆或秸秆糠的混杂。送风装置12设计安装在玉米植株机割加工作业流程中的脱粒滚筒的下侧或下侧前端部位，针对脱粒滚筒和清选分离滚筒、过渡平板筛9及震动筛板13-1，主要作用于透过筛网的玉米籽粒、碎芯秸秆或秸秆糠，进行的风吹风选，提高籽粒清选收获效率，减少籽粒收获物中的碎秸秆或秸秆糠的混杂。
继续参照图22，籽粒收集装置包括所述籽粒收集装置包括设置在所述筒状壳体8、所述过度平板筛9及所述震动筛板13-1下方的锥形收集斗，所述收集斗的底部通过传输绞龙10-1连接籽粒 提升通道10-2的一端，所述籽粒提升通道10-2的另一端设置籽粒收集仓10-3，所述籽粒收集仓10-3设置在所述机体的侧端、后端或顶部。
通过脱粒以及清选分离收获的玉米籽粒，再通过传输绞龙10-1、籽粒提升通道10-2，将玉米籽粒收集仓储至籽粒收集仓10-3中。利用传输绞龙10-1推送玉米籽粒入玉米籽粒提升通道10-2，将玉米籽粒提升收集入籽粒收集仓10-3。籽粒收集仓10-3可以设置安装拖挂在机体车侧端、后端或车顶部，可以设置作物籽粒吐出输送管传输到载粮车内。
参照图15至图21所示，秸秆收集装置包括仓筒14-5，其为中空的圆柱形，所述仓筒14-5的两端分别设置能够由驱动轴驱动而旋转的驱动轴盘14-8，所述仓筒14-5内设置旋拧叉14-6，所述旋拧叉14-6平行所述仓筒14-5的轴线在所述仓筒14-5的长度方向延伸，所述仓筒14-5的弧形侧壁上设置秸秆草喂入口14-10；所述仓筒14-5上设置可上下张开合闭的合页开口14-14；输送绞龙14-4，其与所述秸秆草喂入口14-10连接以将秸秆草输送至所述仓筒14-5中；以及，微生物喷头14-2，其设置在所述输送绞龙输送路径上方，用于向输送绞龙上的秸秆草喷洒微生物菌液。
具体的，参照图15，输送绞龙的一端连接至玉米植株机割加工作业中前阶段工序中的秸秆草加工设备的秸秆草排草口14-1，输送绞龙的另一端则连接仓筒14-5的秸秆草喂入口14-10，输送绞龙在将秸秆草推送到仓筒14-5的过程中，微生物喷头14-2向秸秆草表面喷洒微生物菌液，对秸秆草的饲料化进行预前处理，然后秸秆草在进入仓筒14-5后，仓筒14-5内两端的驱动轴盘14-8由驱动轴驱动旋转，带动旋拧叉14-6对仓筒14-5内的秸秆草进行搅动旋拧，对仓筒14-5内的秸秆草进行打捆。打捆完毕后再对其进行打包，形成秸秆草捆包，然后可以进行后续的饲料转化贮藏。
通过该秸秆收集装置，很好的衔接了玉米植株机割加工作业的前阶段工序，在打捆的同时向秸秆草施加微生物菌液，从而在草捆存储过程中通过饲料化有益微生物的发酵作用，实现玉米芯秸秆草的饲料化资源高效利用。整个工序中没有尘土及其他杂物杂菌进入，在打捆后可以直接进行塑料膜打包，很好的保证了动物饲料的洁净、营养和卫生。为玉米活秆成熟收获，特别是能适用于高含水量玉米籽粒直收、跨区收获、玉米活秆青储秸秆饲料化利用提供技术保障。该技术方法，适用于定行玉米种植以及不定行玉米种植的收获，适用性更强。对于行间距差别变化大的玉米种植，特别是能够应对倒伏玉米收获，即使是倒伏达90％的玉米田地也能够顺利开展收获作业。
进一步的，参照图15，仓筒14-5一侧的驱动轴盘14-8上设置旋拧叉14-6，仓筒14-5另一侧的驱动轴盘14-8上设置旋拧叉衔接孔14-7，旋拧叉14-6的另一端穿过该旋拧叉衔接孔14-7将两侧的驱动轴盘衔接连接，具体使用时，旋拧叉14-6衔接到旋拧叉衔接孔14-7中，衔接孔14-7发挥强化旋拧叉14-6的旋拧作用力，在旋拧叉14-6对仓筒14-5内的秸秆草旋拧打捆完成后，向外侧抽出旋拧叉14-6，然后仓筒14-5上的仓筒上下张开闭合合页开口14-14上下张开，推出仓筒14-5内的秸秆草捆。
进一步参照图15、图21，本实施例中，秸秆打捆收集装置还包括设置在所述合页开口14-14处的覆膜装置，所述覆膜装置薄膜仓14-11，其设置在仓筒14-5的弧形外壁上，所述薄膜仓14-11中设置塑料膜卷筒，还包括包裹转动轴杆14-12，包裹转动轴杆14-12的两端枢接至所述仓筒14-5的两端，所述薄膜仓14-11中的塑料膜14-13的伸出端与所述包裹转动轴杆14-12的牵引端连接。
具体的，推出草捆的同时，转动轴杆14-12牵扯打包薄膜仓14-11中的塑料膜14-13，将秸秆草包裹打包，同时，转动轴杆14-12向上复位，对塑料膜进行扎口完成打包，进行饲料化储藏。
进一步的，所述旋拧叉14-6在所述的一侧驱动轴盘14-8上为一体式结构，旋拧叉14-6向仓筒中插入，与另一侧驱动轴盘14-8上的旋拧叉衔接孔14-7相衔连接。旋拧叉14-6衔接到旋拧叉衔接孔14-7中，在两个驱动轴盘驱动旋转时，衔接孔14-7发挥强化旋拧叉14-6的旋拧作用力，能够增强旋拧叉14-6的旋拧稳定性，提高打捆效率，提高打捆质量。
具体的，所述微生物菌液包括乳酸菌、丁酸梭菌、霉菌和/或酵母菌等易于秸秆发酵饲料化的有益微生物，当然，微生物菌液可以根据秸秆草的后续用途采用其他菌液，在此不一一赘述。
具体的，参照图19，所述旋拧叉14-6呈直杆状，直杆状的旋拧叉14-6的长度可以由仓筒14-5长度方向的一端一直延伸至整个仓筒14-5的另一端，从而达到更好的旋拧打捆效果。旋拧叉14-6 衔接到旋拧叉衔接孔14-7中，在两个驱动轴盘驱动旋转时，衔接孔14-7发挥强化旋拧叉14-6的旋拧作用力，能够增强旋拧叉14-6的旋拧稳定性，减少设备受力损耗。
进一步的，参照图20，该实施例中，所述旋拧叉14-9呈钉状，且两个驱动轴盘都具有旋拧钉叉，可以更好的搅动仓筒14-5内的所有秸秆草，提高秸秆草的打捆质量。能够改善呈直杆状的旋拧叉14-6向外侧方向移动抽出时，由于旋拧叉14-6的长度需要向外侧方向移动较长的距离，作业过程存在不方便等问题。优选旋拧叉14-9的方式，并且是两个驱动轴盘都具有旋拧钉叉，可以更方便向两侧移动抽出旋拧钉叉14-9，移动距离更短，从而方便将芯秸秆草捆推出仓筒并进行打包。
具体的，仓筒14-5两端的驱动轴盘14-8上均可以向内固定设置直杆状旋拧叉14-6，并在另一侧的驱动轴盘14-8上设置旋拧叉衔接孔14-7，仓筒14-5两端的驱动轴盘14-8上也可以均设置呈钉状的旋拧叉14-9。
当然，合页开口14-14也可以设置在仓筒14-5的两端，并非仅限于设置在仓筒14-5的弧形侧壁上，例如，仓筒14-5两端的驱动轴盘14-8及其一体化的呈钉状旋拧叉14-9，可以在打捆完成后向侧开合，然后推出秸秆草捆或倾斜仓筒14-5即可将仓筒14-5内的秸秆草捆取出，相关类似结构在此不一一赘述。
继续参照图23至图24，需要说明的是，筒状壳体8可以平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置。所述分筛装置的清选分离滚筒平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置，以便满足不同差异化的收割加工设备需求。
图24是筒状壳体8以及清选分离滚筒与所述机体行进方向相垂直的横向安装设置，也是通常采用较多的设置方式。所述机体的扒入机割装置、传输装置、脱粒装置、分筛装置、籽粒收集装置及秸秆收集装置等之间的衔接的平滑过渡性相对较差，因此也容易造成较大的能耗和设备部件的损耗，很大程度上也限制了机收割效率的提高。
图23是筒状壳体8以及清选分离滚筒与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的设置。玉米植株经所述机体的扒入机割装置扒入机割，通过所述传输装置聚中传输到与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的脱粒装置和分筛装置，以及籽粒收集装置及秸秆收集装置等，完成玉米植株穗籽粒的机割收获。
脱粒装置和分筛装置的两个滚筒的喂入口和吐草口，分别设置在各滚筒的与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的前端和后端，所述第三输送单元连接脱粒装置的喂入口，脱粒装置吐草口连接所述过渡平板筛，并连接分筛装置的喂入口，分筛装置后端的吐草口连接所述秸秆收集装置。这种将筒状壳体8以及清选分离滚筒与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的设置连接，将更大程度上提高对作物穗籽粒的脱粒过程长度和对秸秆草清选分离过程长度，也增加了脱粒和清选的相对时间，结构更加紧凑，能够增大对作物的机收割作业能力，提高作物收获速度，同时可以根据对作物收获能力的设计，缩小脱粒和清选两滚筒的直径大小。这种将脱粒装置和分筛装置与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的连接设置，不限于玉米机割收获，适用于各种作物籽实机割收获设备，以提高作物收获机械的运行速度。
这种将脱粒装置和分筛装置与所述机体行进方向相平行一致的连接设置，通过第二输送单元的聚中绞龙能够将穗秸秆更容易喂入到脱粒装置中，同时，秸秆草清选分筛装置能够发挥对籽粒秸秆草的过渡平板筛筛分功能作用，如此，可以省略脱粒装置前端的针对穗茎秆的第三输送单元和过渡平板筛的设置安装。可以将脱粒装置和分筛装置设计成为前段和后段一个连体装置，前段的脱粒装置的驱动轴盘上的横杆安装可转动式剥粒板齿，后段筛分装置采用驱动轴盘上设置安装拨动玉米芯秸秆旋转实现清选分离的拨动横齿杆等设计，脱粒拨动横杆或清选拨动横齿杆可以安装在相同的圆盘驱动轴上，滚筒设计可以采用前后不同粗细差别的结构或驱动轴盘直径大小差别的结构，优选前细后粗的滚筒直径粗细差别结构或前段驱动轴盘直径大前段驱动轴盘直径小的差别结构，以适用于脱粒和清选两滚筒对脱粒拨动横杆或清选拨动横齿杆与滚筒间的不同间隙要求，同时，在滚筒内设计分流导向板槽，以规定穗芯秸秆草由脱粒向清选分离的方向推进。两段式组合滚筒内焊接固定的分流导向板槽，导向板槽前段浅后段深，分流导向板槽高度1-10cm，前段最优0.5-2cm，后端最优2-6cm，形成过渡变化。
与所述机体行进方向相平行一致连接设置的脱粒装置和分筛装置，所述脱粒装置和所述分筛装置可以是各自单独的滚筒，也可以是两个滚筒联体形成一个前段脱粒和后端分筛的滚筒装置。所述脱粒装置和所述分筛装置的尺寸设计可以依照前面所述尺寸设计，根据机收割能力要求调整脱粒功能和分筛功能的作业能力，两个滚筒的长幅设计为1:1-1:2。考虑喂入料的流畅设计，脱粒滚筒前段的驱动轴盘向后留出受容空间，设置绞龙推进、或导向槽板、或采用横杆上的可转动剥粒板齿或拨动齿设计形成向后旋进的排布，以实现对喂入料形成向后推送的作用力。同时，与所述机体行进方向相平行一致连接设置的脱粒装置和分筛装置，在考虑上述的脱粒和清选筛分两滚筒对脱粒拨动横杆或清选拨动横齿杆与滚筒间的不同间隙要求的基础上，设置驱动轴盘优选前端细后端粗的驱动轴盘直径粗细差别结构，如此驱动轴盘的直径粗细差别结构有利于穗秸秆喂入进入到脱粒过程和分筛过程。
与所述机体行进方向相平行一致连接设置的脱粒装置和分筛装置，所述脱粒装置和所述分筛装置可以是各自单独的滚筒，也可以是两个滚筒联体形成一个前段脱粒和后端分筛的联体两段式组合滚筒装置。滚筒下半圆，为切流滚筒筛，籽实剥脱后透过筛孔，籽粒被收集进入到粮仓系统环节，清选分离拨动横齿杆拨动玉米芯秸秆草转动，并通过分流板槽导向，推动玉米芯秸秆草向后排出清选分离滚筒系统，进入到秸秆草收集打包系统，实现秸秆不落地的清洁收集并进行秸秆打包(作为没有土壤污染的洁净的秸秆饲料)。切流滚筒筛孔可采用方孔、长方孔、菱型孔、梯型孔、椭圆型孔，以及圆型孔等筛网开孔方式。最优采用圆型孔或椭圆型孔，圆型孔或椭圆型孔的滑动性好，不产生堵塞，从而减少在玉米芯秸秆与籽粒清选分离过程中的障碍性作业停滞。
上述，与收获机械前行方向成0°或180°的同顺方向的脱粒滚筒系统，以及秸秆草的清选分离滚筒系统的设计，不限于玉米收获机械，适用于任何作物收获体系，以提高作物收获机械的运行速度。
上述的玉米植株收割加工设备，也适用于为抢收抢种不得已对没有完全成熟玉米进行收割的脱粒作业，由于没有完全成熟的玉米籽粒含有水分具有一定的柔韧性，其收割脱粒的破碎率低于完全成熟的玉米收获。即使是没有完全成熟的玉米收获籽粒破碎率也很低，甚至比完全成熟的玉米收获籽粒破碎率还低。基于上述收获机械的功能特点，能够适用于高含水量玉米籽粒直收，以及玉米的跨区收获的作业需求。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，包括由动力驱动行驶的机体，其特征在于，所述机体的最前端设置扒入机割装置，所述扒入机割装置后方的机体上依次设置传输装置、脱粒装置、分筛装置、籽粒收集装置及秸秆收集装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述脱粒装置包括：
    筒状壳体，所述筒状壳体水平设置在所述机体上且下半部的壳壁呈筛网状，所述壳体内水平设置可转动的驱动轴，所述驱动轴两端分别设置驱动轴盘；
    脱粒横杆，所述脱粒横杆的两端分别与两驱动轴盘连接，所述脱粒横杆具有多根且围绕所述驱动轴的轴线均布设置，各脱粒横杆上均间隔设置剥粒板齿；以及，
    喂入口与秸秆吐出口，所述喂入口开设在所述筒状壳体的弧形壳壁上；所述秸秆吐出口设置在于所述喂入口相对的所述筒状壳体的另一侧弧形壳壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，相邻的两所述脱粒横杆上的剥粒板齿在竖直方向上错位设置，所述脱粒横杆上的相邻剥粒板齿之间设定位套管，所述剥粒板齿可绕所述脱粒横杆旋转，所述剥粒板齿为矩形片状，所述剥粒板齿的长度方向1/3处中部开孔并套设在所述脱粒横杆上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述分筛装置包括：
    过渡平板筛，所述过渡平板筛包括具有斜向上倾斜坡度的筛板，所述筛板上均布有筛孔，所述过度平板筛的筛板最下端与所述筒状壳体的秸秆吐出口联通；
    清选分离滚筒，其水平设置在所述机体上并与所述过渡平板筛的筛板最上端联通，所述清选分离滚筒内设置驱动轴，所述驱动轴的两端分别设置驱动轴盘，还包括两端分别与两驱动轴盘连接的齿杆，所述齿杆围绕所述驱动轴的轴心均布设置多根，所述齿杆上等间距设置多个拨动齿；所述清选分离滚筒的下半部为切流筛网，所述清选分离滚筒的上半部为切流滚筒，所述切流筛网及所述切流滚筒的内壁分别均布设置分流导向槽，所述分流导向槽在所述清选分离滚筒的内壁上沿所述清选分离滚筒的轴向呈螺旋形排布，并且向所述 清选分离滚筒的所述排草口方向进行导向；所述清选分离滚筒的沿轴向的一端或两端或聚中部位设置排草口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述分筛装置还包括设置在所述清选分离滚筒下方的震动筛板，所述震动筛板具有依次向后阶梯高度递减的多级筛板，所述震动筛板由震动传动轴驱动进行震动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述籽粒收集装置包括设置在所述筒状壳体、所述过度平板筛及所述震动筛板下方的锥形收集斗，所述收集斗的底部通过传输绞龙连接籽粒提升通道的一端，所述籽粒提升通道的另一端设置籽粒收集仓，所述籽粒收集仓设置在所述机体的侧端、后端或顶部。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述扒入机割装置包括：
    支架，所述支架安装至所述机体的最前端；横向剪切刀组，其包括沿所述支架后侧面的底边横向设置的多个横向切割刀，用于切割经过所述植株扒入轮扒入后的植株；
    竖立剪切刀组，其包括设置在所述支架的后侧面的一侧边的多个竖立切割刀，用于对经过植株扒入轮扒入的呈横侧倒伏状态或倾斜的玉米植株进行切割；
    植株扒入轮，其设置在所述支架的前端，所述植株扒入轮包括轮轴以及多个扒拢齿，所述扒拢齿呈L形并围绕所述轮轴设置，所述植株扒入轮通过电机驱动朝着横向剪切刀组及竖立剪切刀组所在的方向转动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，在沿所述机体的前进方向上，在设置有所述竖立切割刀的所述支架的一侧设置垄定位定向杆；在所述支架的后侧面的底边间隔设置多个垄定位分禾杆。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述传输装置包括依次设置在所述扒入机割装置的支架的后侧的第一输送单元、第二输送单元及第三输送单元，所述第一输送单元为由传动轮驱动的输送带或输送链板；所述第二输送单元为横置于所述第一输送单元的输送路径末端的聚中输送绞龙；所述第三输送单元为 设置在所述第二输送单元与所述脱粒装置之间的输送槽、输送带或输送链板，所述输送槽、输送带或输送链板的输送路径末端与所述筒状壳体的喂入口联通。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述秸秆收集装置包括：
    仓筒，其为中空的圆柱形，所述仓筒的两端分别设置能够由驱动轴驱动而旋转的驱动轴盘，所述仓筒内设置旋拧叉，所述旋拧叉平行所述仓筒的轴线在所述仓筒的长度方向延伸，所述仓筒的弧形侧壁上设置秸秆草喂入口，所述仓筒上设置可上下张开合闭的合页开口；
    输送绞龙，其一端与所述秸秆草喂入口连接以将秸秆草输送至所述仓筒中，所述输送绞龙的另一端连接至所述分筛装置的排草口；以及，
    微生物喷头，其设置在所述输送绞龙输送路径上方，用于向输送绞龙上的秸秆草喷洒微生物菌液。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述秸秆打捆收集装置还包括设置在所述合页开口处的覆膜装置，所述覆膜装置包括：
    薄膜仓，其设置在所述仓筒的弧形外壁上，所述薄膜仓中设置塑料膜卷筒，
    包裹转动轴杆，所述包裹转动轴杆的两端枢接至所述仓筒的两端，所述薄膜仓中的塑料膜的伸出端与所述包括转动轴杆的中段连接。
  12. 根据权利要求2至11中任一所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述脱粒装置的筒状壳体平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置。
  13. 根据权利要求4至11中任一所述的高含水量玉米籽粒直收植株收割加工设备，其特征在于，所述分筛装置的清选分离滚筒平行或垂直所述机体的行进方向设置。
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