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WO2020034803A1 - 增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法 - Google Patents

增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法 Download PDF

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WO2020034803A1
WO2020034803A1 PCT/CN2019/096320 CN2019096320W WO2020034803A1 WO 2020034803 A1 WO2020034803 A1 WO 2020034803A1 CN 2019096320 W CN2019096320 W CN 2019096320W WO 2020034803 A1 WO2020034803 A1 WO 2020034803A1
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Prior art keywords
laser
amplifier
folding mirror
lens
gain medium
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PCT/CN2019/096320
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陆俊
于广礼
丁建永
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南京先进激光技术研究院
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
    • H01S3/0604—Crystal lasers or glass lasers in the form of a plate or disc
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
    • G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thin-film laser amplifier, in particular to a regeneration and traveling wave hybrid amplification laser with gain medium multiplexing.
  • Thin-film lasers are an important development direction of current high-average power lasers.
  • the heat dissipation characteristics of laser media are an important factor affecting the development of high-power lasers.
  • Thin-film lasers use crystals with a thickness of 100-200 ⁇ m as a gain medium.
  • the diamond with the highest thermal conductivity is welded, so that the heat in the crystal can be efficiently transferred to the heat sink.
  • this structure can produce a perpendicular to the surface of the laser gain medium. Almost uniform axial one-dimensional heat flow, which can reduce the thermal lens effect and thermal deposition in the gain medium, so as to achieve high power laser output while maintaining high efficiency and high beam quality.
  • Thin-film laser amplifiers can be divided into thin-film regenerative amplifiers and thin-film traveling wave amplifiers according to their types: thin-film regenerative amplifiers mainly inject signal light into the cavity through polarization control, and then change the polarization state of the amplified laser when the laser energy reaches the expected value, and then pass The polarizer is led out of the cavity; the traveling wave amplifier controls the signal light with a certain energy through pulse transmission and images it on the crystal multiple times to complete the pulse power amplification.
  • the power amplification of laser pulses can be obtained through regenerative amplification or traveling wave amplification schemes.
  • the regenerative amplification type power amplifier it has the advantages of high gain multiple and compact amplifier stage structure.
  • the regenerative amplifier can be divided into standing wave regenerative amplifier and traveling wave regenerative amplifier.
  • the limited extinction ratio of the device will introduce problems such as inter-stage feedback, which will affect the stability of the front-end laser; the latter avoids the problem of inter-stage feedback because the injected and derived light is not on a straight line.
  • the traveling wave amplifier can obtain higher power output without the need for excessive optical and electrical components. It has the advantages of simple structure and configuration, and does not introduce inter-stage feedback.
  • the signal light that needs to be injected has a certain energy, that is, one or more stages of amplifiers are required to pre-amplify the injected pulses before traveling wave amplification, which increases the complexity of the entire system to a certain extent.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the invention is to provide a thin-sheet hybrid amplifier laser with compact structure and high integrated light and light efficiency.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a thin-film hybrid amplification laser with gain medium multiplexing includes:
  • Seed laser for injection of seed light into the amplifier
  • the laser beam passes through a first lens, a second lens, a first polarizer, a Faraday rotator, and a half-wave plate into a regeneration amplifier in order, and is oscillated and amplified by the half-wave plate and the Faraday rotator in the regeneration amplifier.
  • the first polarizing plate enters a traveling wave amplifier, and the traveling wave amplifier and the regeneration amplifier share a sheet gain module.
  • the regenerative amplifier is a standing wave regenerative amplifier or a traveling wave regenerative amplifier.
  • the regenerative amplifier includes a second polarizer, a quarter wave plate, a photoelectric crystal, a second end mirror, a first folding mirror, a second folding mirror, a third folding mirror, and a sheet gain module. , The fourth folding mirror and the first end mirror.
  • the traveling wave amplifier includes an optical isolator, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth folding mirror, a sixth folding mirror, a seventh folding mirror, and a sheet gain module shared with the regeneration amplifier. .
  • the seed laser is a fiber picosecond, femtosecond mode-locked laser, solid picosecond, or femtosecond mode-locked laser.
  • the laser beam passes through a first lens, a second lens, a first polarizer, a Faraday rotator, and a half-wave plate into a regeneration amplifier in order, and is oscillated and amplified by the half-wave plate and the Faraday rotator in the regeneration amplifier.
  • the first polarizing plate enters a traveling wave amplifier, and the traveling wave amplifier and the regeneration amplifier share a sheet gain module.
  • the regenerative amplifier includes a second polarizer, a quarter wave plate, a photoelectric crystal, a second end mirror, a first folding mirror, a second folding mirror, a third folding mirror, and a sheet gain module. , The fourth folding mirror and the first end mirror.
  • the oscillating amplification returned by the end mirror to the regeneration amplifier within the original path is:
  • a quarter voltage is applied across the electro-optic crystal, and after the laser beam travels back and forth between the quarter-wave plate and the electro-optic crystal, the laser beam
  • the polarization state remains unchanged, oscillating back and forth within the regenerative amplifier multiple times, when the power reaches a maximum value, the voltage across the electro-optic crystal is turned off, and the laser beam light travels back and forth between the quarter wave plate and the The electro-optic crystal becomes p or s polarization, and then passes through the second polarizer.
  • the traveling wave amplifier includes an optical isolator, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth folding mirror, a sixth folding mirror, a seventh folding mirror, and a sheet gain module shared with the regeneration amplifier. .
  • the regenerative amplifier is a standing wave regenerative amplifier or a traveling wave regenerative amplifier.
  • the p (or s) polarized light emitted by the seed laser is collimated by the lens group, passes through the first thin film polarizer, and then passes through the Faraday rotator and A half-wave plate whose polarization state remains unchanged is still p (or s) polarization, and then passes through the second thin-film polarizer, and the seed light injected thereafter travels back and forth between the quarter-wave plate and the electro-optic crystal. After the voltage is not applied to the crystal, the pulse becomes s (or p) polarization after the round trip.
  • the optical isolator and the beam expanding collimating lens group are used, and then the regenerated and amplified seed light is repeatedly hit on the laser crystal through multiple groups of folding mirrors to complete further traveling wave amplification. It has the characteristics of compact structure and high comprehensive light and optical efficiency: the regenerative amplifier and the traveling wave amplifier share a set of thin-film gain modules, and can obtain higher laser power output in the case of using smaller aperture electro-optic crystals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-film hybrid amplification laser with gain medium multiplexing according to an embodiment.
  • 0-sheet gain module 1-picosecond or femtosecond laser, 2-first lens, 3-second lens, 4-first polarizer, 5-Faraday rotator, 6-half wave plate, 7 -The second polarizer, 8-quarter wave plate, 9-electro-optic crystal, 10-second end mirror, 11-first folding mirror, 12-second folding mirror, 13-third folding mirror, 14- Fourth folding mirror, 15-first end mirror, 16-optical isolator, 17-third lens, 18-fourth lens, 19-fifth folding mirror, 20-sixth folding mirror, 21-seventh folding mirror .
  • a gain medium multiplexed sheet hybrid amplification laser includes: a seed laser 1 for injecting seed light of an amplifier; a first lens 2, a second lens 3, and a first polarization Plate 4, Faraday rotator 5, half wave plate 6, second polarizer 7, quarter wave plate 8, electro-optic crystal 9, second end mirror 10, first folding mirror 11, second folding mirror 12, Tri-folding mirror 13, fourth folding mirror 14, first end mirror 15, 16-optical isolator 16, third lens 17, fourth lens 18, fifth folding mirror 19, sixth folding mirror 20, seventh folding mirror twenty one.
  • the laser beam passes through the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the first polarizer 4, the Faraday rotator 5, the half-wave plate 6, and the second polarizer 7 into the regeneration amplifier, and then passes through the first folding mirror 11 and the second folding
  • the mirror 12 and the third folding mirror 13 are reflected to the thin-film gain module 0, and then reflected to the first end mirror 15 through the fourth folding mirror 14 and returned to the regeneration amplifier via the original end mirror to oscillate and pass through the second.
  • the polarizing plate 7, the half-wave plate 6, the Faraday rotator 5, and the first polarizing plate 4 pass through the optical isolation 16 and the third lens 17, the fourth lens 18, and then pass through the fifth folding mirror 19 and the sixth folding mirror 20.
  • the seventh folding mirror 21 sequentially staggers the injected laser beam to form a plurality of laser beams and reflects them to the sheet gain module 0, and the amplified multiple laser beams are emitted from the sixth folding mirror 20 and the seventh folding mirror 21.
  • the sheet gain module is a sheet crystal of a pump module.
  • the seed laser is a fiber picosecond, femtosecond mode-locked laser, solid picosecond or femtosecond mode-locked fiber with a repetition frequency of 20-80MHz, an average power of 10-100mW, a pulse width of 10ps, and a center wavelength of 1030nm. Laser.
  • the regenerative amplifier is a standing wave type regenerative amplifier or a traveling wave regenerative amplifier.
  • the regenerative amplifier includes a quarter-wave plate 8, a photoelectric crystal 9, a second end mirror 10, a first folding mirror 11, a second folding mirror 12, a third folding mirror 13, and a fourth Folding mirror 14, first end mirror 15 and sheet gain module 0.
  • the traveling wave amplifier includes an optical isolator 16, a third lens 17, a fourth lens 18, a fifth folding mirror 19, a sixth folding mirror 20, a seventh folding mirror 21, and a common use with a regenerative amplifier.
  • the slice gain module 0.
  • the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the third lens 17, and the fourth lens 18 are collimating lenses.
  • the first polarizing plate 4 and the second polarizing plate 7 are wave plate polarizing plates.
  • the working process of the thin-film hybrid amplification laser with multiplexed gain medium is as follows: the pulses after the laser beam menu output by the seed laser 1 pass through the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 and pass through the first lens. After passing through the Faraday rotator, the polarization direction is deflected by 45 °, and after passing through the half-wave plate 6, the polarization direction becomes p (or s) polarization again and passes through the second polarization plate 7. Then it passes through the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9 in this order. At this time, the electro-optic crystal has no voltage applied.
  • the seed light polarization state changes from p (or s) polarization to circular polarization, and then returns through the second end mirror 10 It then passes through the electro-optic crystal 9 and the quarter-wave plate 8 again.
  • the polarization state of the seed light becomes s (or p) polarization, and is then reflected by the second polarizer 7 into the regenerative amplifier.
  • the first folding mirror 11, the second folding mirror 12, and the third folding mirror 13 reflect the pulse expanded beam to the surface of the sheet gain module 0, and then the seed light reflected by the sheet gain module 0 is reflected by the fourth folding mirror 14 to the first Mirror 15 on one end. Then the first end mirror 15 returns the signal light along the original path.
  • the electro-optic crystal 9 When the power reaches a maximum value, the electro-optic crystal 9 is turned off Voltage of the seed, the seed light becomes p (or s) polarization after going back and forth between the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9, and then passes through the second polarizing plate 7 and the half-wave plate 6, and the amplified polarization direction of the seed light The light is deflected by 45 degrees, and after passing through the Faraday rotator 5, the seed light becomes s (or p) polarization again, and then passes through the first polarizer 4 reflector.
  • the amplified seed light passes through the optical isolator 16 and the third lens 17 and the fourth lens 18 in order, and then the injected seed light is staggered by the fifth folding mirror 19, the sixth folding mirror 20, and the seventh folding mirror 21 in this order.
  • the amplified laser pulse is emitted from the middle of the sixth folding mirror 20 and the seventh folding mirror 21.
  • a laser pulse is output from the seed laser 1.
  • the polarization beam splitting module divides the laser pulse into two laser beams
  • the laser beam passes through the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the first polarizer 4, the Faraday rotator 5, the half-wave plate 6, and the second polarizer 7 enters the regeneration amplifier, and then passes through the first folding mirror 11,
  • the second folding mirror 12 and the third folding mirror 13 are reflected to the thin-film gain module 0, and then reflected to the first end mirror 15 through the fourth folding mirror 14 and return to the regeneration amplifier through the original end mirror 15 to oscillate.
  • magnification it passes through the second polarizer 7, half-wave plate 6, Faraday rotator 5, and first polarizer 4, and then passes through the optical isolator 16, the third lens 17, and the fourth lens 18, and then passes through the first folding mirror 19.
  • the second folding mirror 20 and the third folding mirror 21 sequentially stagger the injected laser beams to form a plurality of laser beams and all of them are reflected to the sheet gain module 0.
  • the amplified multiple laser beams are folded from the second folding mirror 20 and the third Shot in the mirror 21.
  • the regenerative amplifier includes a quarter-wave plate 8, a photoelectric crystal 9, a second end mirror 10, a first folding mirror 11, a second folding mirror 12, a third folding mirror 13, and a fourth Folding mirror 14, first end mirror 15 and sheet gain module 0.
  • the traveling wave amplifier includes an optical isolator 16, a third lens 17, a fourth lens 18, a fifth folding mirror 19, a sixth folding mirror 20, a seventh folding mirror 21, and a common use with a regenerative amplifier.
  • the slice gain module 0.
  • the oscillation is amplified by the first end mirror 15 and returned to the regenerative amplifier through the original path:
  • a quarter voltage is applied across the electro-optic crystal 9, and after the laser beam travels back and forth between the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9, the polarization state of the laser beam remains unchanged, and the regeneration
  • the amplifier oscillates back and forth multiple times.
  • the voltage across the electro-optic crystal 9 is turned off.
  • the laser beam light passes back and forth between the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9 and becomes p or s polarization.
  • the second polarizing plate 7 is described, and continues to go backward.
  • the structure of the thin-film hybrid amplification laser with multiplexed gain medium has been described in detail above, and is not repeated here.
  • the laser output method of the thin-film hybrid amplifier laser with gain medium multiplexing is: the pulses after the laser beam menu output by the seed laser 1 are collimated by the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 and transmitted through the first lens 2.
  • a polarizing plate 4 passes through a Faraday rotator, and then the polarization direction is deflected by 45 °. After passing through the half-wave plate 6, the polarization direction becomes p (or s) polarization again and passes through the second polarizing plate 7. Then it passes through the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9 in this order. At this time, the electro-optic crystal has no voltage applied.
  • the seed light polarization state changes from p (or s) polarization to circular polarization, and then returns through the second end mirror 10 It then passes through the electro-optic crystal 9 and the quarter-wave plate 8 again.
  • the polarization state of the seed light becomes s (or p) polarization, and is then reflected by the second polarizer 7 into the regenerative amplifier.
  • 11-first folding mirror, 12-second folding mirror, and 13-third folding mirror reflect the pulsed beam expansion to the surface of the thin-film gain module 0, and then the seed light reflected by the thin-film gain module 0 passes through the fourth folding mirror 14 Reflected on the first end mirror 15. Then the first end mirror 15 returns the signal light along the original path.
  • the electro-optic crystal 9 When the signal light reaches the electro-optic crystal 9 again, a quarter voltage is applied across the electro-optic crystal 9 so that the returned seed light returns to the quarter-wave plate again. After 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9 once, the laser polarization state remains unchanged and is still s (or p) polarization, so that the seed light will oscillate back and forth in the regeneration cavity multiple times. When the power reaches a maximum value, the electro-optic crystal 9 is turned off.
  • the seed light becomes p (or s) polarization after going back and forth between the quarter-wave plate 8 and the electro-optic crystal 9, and then passes through the second polarizing plate 7 and the half-wave plate 6, and the amplified polarization direction of the seed light
  • the light is deflected by 45 degrees, and after passing through the Faraday rotator 5, the seed light becomes s (or p) polarization again, and then passes through the first polarizer 4 reflector.
  • the amplified seed light passes through the optical isolator 16 and the third lens 17 and the fourth lens 18 in order, and then the injected seed light is staggered by the fifth folding mirror 19, the sixth folding mirror 20, and the seventh folding mirror 21 in this order.
  • the amplified laser pulse is emitted from the middle of the sixth folding mirror 20 and the seventh folding mirror 21.
  • the p (or s) polarized light emitted by the seed laser is collimated by the lens group, passes through the first thin film polarizer, and then passes through the Faraday rotator and A half-wave plate whose polarization state remains unchanged is still p (or s) polarization, and then passes through the second thin-film polarizer, and the seed light injected thereafter travels back and forth between the quarter-wave plate and the electro-optic crystal. After the voltage is not applied to the crystal, the pulse becomes s (or p) polarization after the round trip.
  • the optical isolator and the beam expanding collimating lens group are used, and then the regenerated and amplified seed light is hit on the laser crystal multiple times through multiple groups of folding mirrors to complete further traveling wave amplification. It has the characteristics of compact structure and high comprehensive light and optical efficiency: the regenerative amplifier and traveling wave amplifier share a set of thin-film gain modules, and can obtain higher laser power output in the case of using smaller aperture electro-optic crystals.

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Abstract

一种增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法，包括：种子激光器（1），用于放大器种子光的注入；激光束依次通过第一透镜（2）、第二透镜（3）、第一偏振片（4）、法拉第旋光器（5）、半波片（6）进入再生放大器，在再生放大器内振荡放大经过半波片（6）、法拉第旋光器（5）、第一偏振片（4）后进入行波放大器，行波放大器与再生放大器共用薄片增益模块。

Description

增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种薄片激光放大器，特别是涉及一种增益介质复用的再生、行波混合放大激光器。
背景技术
薄片激光器是当前高平均功率激光器的重要发展方向，激光介质的散热特性是影响高功率激光器发展的重要因素，薄片激光器采用厚度为100-200μm的晶体作为增益介质，其通过特殊的焊接工艺与自然界中导热系数最高的金刚石进行焊接，从而可以高效的将晶体中的热量传递到热沉上；另外在背面冷却技术以及端面平顶泵浦光加持下这种结构可以产生垂直于薄片激光增益介质表面、几乎均匀的轴向一维热流，因而可以减小热透镜效应和增益介质中的热沉积，使得在获得高功率激光输出同时,保持高效率和高光束质量。
薄片激光放大器按照类型可以分为薄片再生放大器以及薄片行波放大器：薄片再生放大器主要通过偏振控制将信号光注入到腔内，当激光能量达到预期值时再改变放大后激光的偏振态，然后通过偏振片导出腔外；行波放大器是将有一定能量的信号光通过脉冲传输控制，多次成像在晶体上，从而完成脉冲的功率放大。
对于高功率薄片激光放大器而言，可以通过再生放大或者行波放大方案获得激光脉冲的功率放大。其中对于再生放大类型的功率放大器而言，其有着增益倍数高，放大级结构紧凑等优点，按照结构可以将再生放大器分为驻波再生放大器和行波再生放大器，前者在高功率运行时由于偏振器件消光比有限会引入级间反馈等问题，其将影响前端激光器的稳定性；后者由于注入和导出的光不在一条直线上从而避免了级间反馈的问题。然而无论哪种类型的再生放大器，为了获得高功率的激光输出都需要较大口径的电光晶体以降低腔内的激光功率密度，这样一方面对晶体生长工艺提出了较高的要求，另一方面对超高电压的驱动器的设计也提出了很高的挑战。除此之外，行波放大器可以获得较高的功率输出而不需要过多的光学、电学器件支持，其有着结构构型简单，不会引入级间反馈等优点，然而由于增益倍数的限制，其需要注入的信号光具有一定的能量，即行波放大之前需要一级或者多级放大器将 注入脉冲进行脉冲预放大，这从一定程度上增加了整个系统的复杂度。
论文
Figure PCTCN2019096320-appb-000001
M,
Figure PCTCN2019096320-appb-000002
J,Novák O,et al.Progress in kW-class picosecond thin-disk lasers development at the HiLASE[C]//Solid State Lasers XXV:Technology and Devices.International Society for Optics and Photonics,2016,9726:972617中，提出使用驻波再生放大以及行波再生放大方案完成对脉冲的放大，为了获得高功率的放大脉冲输出，电光晶体的尺寸需要达到12*12mm左右，对于行波再生放大器更需要电光晶体两级施加半波电压，这大大增加了电学设计的难度和成本。
论文Negel J P,Voss A,Ahmed M A,et al.1.1kW average output power from a thin-disk multipass amplifier for ultrashort laser pulses[J].Optics letters,2013,38(24):5442-5445中，提出使用将经过预放大级放大后的脉冲进行多程行波放大，这种方案实际上可以将激光平均功率放大到千瓦量级，然而这种构型增加了整个系统的复杂性。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构紧凑、综合光光效率高薄片混合放大激光器。为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：
一种增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，包括：
种子激光器，用于放大器种子光的注入；
所述激光束依次通过第一透镜、第二透镜、第一偏振片、法拉第旋光器、半波片进入再生放大器，在所述再生放大器内振荡放大经过所述半波片、所述法拉第旋光器、所述第一偏振片后进入行波放大器，所述行波放大器与所述再生放大器共用薄片增益模块。
在其中一个实施例中，所述再生放大器为驻波型再生放大器或行波再生放大器。
在其中一个实施例中，所述再生放大器包括第二偏振片、四分之一波片、光电晶体、第二端镜、第一折叠镜、第二折叠镜、第三折叠镜、薄片增益模块、第四折叠镜和第一端镜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述行波放大器包括光隔离器、第三透镜、第四透镜、第五折叠镜、第六折叠镜、第七折叠镜及与所述再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块。
在其中一个实施例中，所述种子激光器为光纤皮秒、飞秒锁模激光器、固体皮秒或飞秒锁模激光器。
一种如上所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，包括：
从种子激光器输出激光束；
所述激光束依次通过第一透镜、第二透镜、第一偏振片、法拉第旋光器、半波片进入再生放大器，在所述再生放大器内振荡放大经过所述半波片、所述法拉第旋光器、所述第一偏振片后进入行波放大器，所述行波放大器与所述再生放大器共用薄片增益模块。
在其中一个实施例中，所述再生放大器包括第二偏振片、四分之一波片、光电晶体、第二端镜、第一折叠镜、第二折叠镜、第三折叠镜、薄片增益模块、第四折叠镜和第一端镜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述经所述端镜作用原路返回所述再生放大器内振荡放大为：
在所述激光束到达所述电光晶体前，在所述电光晶体两端施加四分之一电压，所述激光束往返所述四分之一波片和所述电光晶体后，所述激光束偏振态保持不变，在所述再生放大器内往返振荡多次，当功率达到极大值时，关闭所述电光晶体两端的电压，所述激光束光往返所述四分之一波片和所述电光晶体后变为p或s偏振，然后透过所述第二偏振片。
在其中一个实施例中，所述行波放大器包括光隔离器、第三透镜、第四透镜、第五折叠镜、第六折叠镜、第七折叠镜及与所述再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块。
在其中一个实施例中，所述再生放大器为驻波型再生放大器或行波再生放大器。
在上述增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法中，种子激光器发出p(或者s)偏振的光经过透镜组准直后透过第一个薄膜偏振片，接着经过法拉第旋光器和半波片，其偏振态保持不变依然为p(或者s)偏振，然后透过第二个薄膜偏振片，其后注入的种子光往返一次四分之一波片和电光晶体，此时电光晶体未加电压，往返过后脉冲变为s(或者p)偏振经由第二个薄膜偏振片反入再生放大器内，其后注入光一次经过折叠镜薄片晶体以及端镜，电光晶体两端在注入脉冲再次抵达前施加四分之一电压，此后注入的种子光在腔内往返放大，当脉冲能量足够大时，撤去电光晶体两级的电压，脉冲再次往返一次电光晶体和四分之一波片而变为p(或者s)偏振而透过第二个薄膜偏振片，其后再经过半波片和法拉第旋光器而变为s(或者p)偏振经过第一个薄膜偏振片时导出到行波放大器中。在进入行波放大器之前通过光隔离器以及扩束准直透镜组，其后经由多组折叠镜将再生放大后的种 子光多次打在激光晶体上从而完成进一步的行波放大。有着结构紧凑、综合光光效率高的特点：再生放大级和行波放大级共用一套薄片增益模块，在使用较小口径电光晶体的情况下也可以获得较高的激光功率输出。
附图说明
图1为一实施方式的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器结构示意图。
图中，0-薄片增益模块，1-皮秒或者飞秒激光器，2-第一透镜，3-第二透镜，4-第一偏振片，5-法拉第旋光器，6-半波片，7-第二偏振片，8-四分之一波片，9-电光晶体，10-第二端镜，11-第一折叠镜，12-第二折叠镜，13-第三折叠镜，14-第四折叠镜，15-第一端镜，16-光隔离器，17-第三透镜，18-第四透镜，19-第五折叠镜，20-第六折叠镜，21-第七折叠镜。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1，本发明提供的一实施方式的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，包括：种子激光器1，用于放大器种子光的注入；第一透镜2、第二透镜3、第一偏振片4、法拉第旋光器5、半波片6、第二偏振片7，四分之一波片8，电光晶体9，第二端镜10，第一折叠镜11，第二折叠镜12，第三折叠镜13，第四折叠镜14，第一端镜15，16-光隔离器16，第三透镜17，第四透镜18，第五折叠镜19，第六折叠镜20，第七折叠镜21。
激光束依次通过第一透镜2、第二透镜3、第一偏振片4、法拉第旋光器5、半波片6、第二偏振片7进入再生放大器，再经过第一折叠镜11、第二折叠镜12及第三折叠镜13后反射至薄片增益模块0，然后经第四折叠镜14反射至第一端镜15，经第一端镜作用原路返回再生放大器内振荡放大后透过第二偏振片7、半波片6、法拉第旋光器5、第一偏振片4后依次经过光隔离16器及第三透镜17、第四透镜18，再通过第五折叠镜19、第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21依次将注入的激光束错开形成多束激光束并全部反射至薄片增益模块0，放大后的多束激光束从第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21中射出。
具体地，在一实施方式中，薄片增益模块为泵浦模块的薄片晶体。
具体地，在一实施方式中，种子激光器为重复频率20-80MHz，平均功率 10-100mW，脉冲宽度10ps，中心波长1030nm的光纤皮秒、飞秒锁模激光器、固体皮秒或飞秒锁模激光器。
具体地，在一实施方式中，再生放大器为驻波型再生放大器或行波再生放大器。
具体地，在一实施方式中，再生放大器包括四分之一波片8、光电晶体9、第二端镜10、第一折叠镜11，第二折叠镜12，第三折叠镜13，第四折叠镜14，第一端镜15及薄片增益模块0。
具体地，在一实施方式中，行波放大器包括光隔离器16、第三透镜17、第四透镜18、第五折叠镜19、第六折叠镜20、第七折叠镜21及与再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块0。
具体地，在一实施方式中，所述第一透镜2、第二透镜3、第三透镜17和第四透镜18为准直透镜。
具体地，在一实施方式中，第一偏振片4和第二偏振片7为波片偏振片。
具体地，在一实施方式中，增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器工作过程为：种子激光器1输出的激光束选单后的脉冲经过第一透镜2和第二透镜3准直后透过第一偏振片4，其后经过法拉第旋光器后偏振方向偏转45°再经过半波片6后偏振方向再次变为p(或者s)偏振而透过第二偏振片7。接着依次经过四分之一波片8和电光晶体9，此时电光晶体未加电压，透过后种子光偏振态由p(或者s)偏振变为圆偏振，其后经由第二端镜10返回后再次通过电光晶体9和四分之一波片8，此时种子光偏振态变为s(或者p)偏振，其后由第二偏振片7反射进入再生放大器内。接着第一折叠镜11，第二折叠镜12，第三折叠镜13将脉冲扩束反射到薄片增益模块0表面，其后经过薄片增益模块0反射的种子光经过第四折叠镜14反射到第一端镜15上。接着第一端镜15将信号光沿原路返回，当信号光再次到达电光晶体9前，在电光晶体9两端施加四分之一电压，这样返回的种子光再次往返四分之一波片8和电光晶体9一次后，激光偏振态保持不变，依然为s(或者p)偏振，这样种子光将在再生腔内往返振荡多次，当功率达到极大值时，关闭电光晶体9两级的电压，种子光往返四分之一波片8和电光晶体9后变为p(或者s)偏振，其后透过第二偏振片7以及半波片6，放大后的种子光偏振方向偏转45度，接着经过法拉第旋光器5后种子光再次变为s(或者p)偏振，其后经由第一偏振片4反射镜。其后放大后的种子光依次经过光隔离器16以及第三透镜17、第四透镜18，接着通过第五折叠镜19、第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21依次将注入的种子光错开后多次打到薄片增 益模块0薄片晶体表面，放大后的激光脉冲由第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21中间出射。
一种如上所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，包括：
S110、从种子激光器1输出激光脉冲；
S120、偏振分光模块将激光脉冲分为两路激光束；
S130、激光束依次通过第一透镜2、第二透镜3、第一偏振片4、法拉第旋光器5、半波片6后、第二偏振片7进入再生放大器，再经过第一折叠镜11、第二折叠镜12及第三折叠镜13后反射至薄片增益模块0，然后经第四折叠镜14反射至第一端镜15，经第一端镜15作用原路返回所述再生放大器内振荡放大后透过第二偏振片7、半波片6、法拉第旋光器5、第一偏振片4后依次经过光隔离器16及第三透镜17、第四透镜18，再通过第一折叠镜19、第二折叠镜20及第三折叠镜21依次将注入的激光束错开形成多束激光束并全部反射至薄片增益模块0，放大后的多束激光束从第二折叠镜20和第三折叠镜21中射出。
具体地，在一实施方式中，再生放大器包括四分之一波片8、光电晶体9、第二端镜10、第一折叠镜11，第二折叠镜12，第三折叠镜13，第四折叠镜14，第一端镜15及薄片增益模块0。
具体地，在一实施方式中，行波放大器包括光隔离器16、第三透镜17、第四透镜18、第五折叠镜19、第六折叠镜20、第七折叠镜21及与再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块0。
具体地，在一实施方式中，经第一端镜15作用原路返回再生放大器内振荡放大为：
在激光束到达电光晶体9前，在电光晶体9两端施加四分之一电压，激光束往返所述四分之一波片8和电光晶体9后，激光束偏振态保持不变，在再生放大器内往返振荡多次，当功率达到极大值时，关闭电光晶体9两端的电压，激光束光往返四分之一波片8和电光晶体后9变为p或s偏振，然后透过所述第二偏振片7，继续往后走。
具体地，增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的结构在前面已经详述，在此不再赘述。
具体地，在一实施方式中，增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器激光输出方法为：种子激光器1输出的激光束选单后的脉冲经过第一透镜2和第二透镜3准直后 透过第一偏振片4，其后经过法拉第旋光器后偏振方向偏转45°再经过半波片6后偏振方向再次变为p(或者s)偏振而透过第二偏振片7。接着依次经过四分之一波片8和电光晶体9，此时电光晶体未加电压，透过后种子光偏振态由p(或者s)偏振变为圆偏振，其后经由第二端镜10返回后再次通过电光晶体9和四分之一波片8，此时种子光偏振态变为s(或者p)偏振，其后由第二偏振片7反射进入再生放大器内。接着11-第一折叠镜，12-第二折叠镜，13-第三折叠镜将脉冲扩束反射到薄片增益模块0表面，其后经过薄片增益模块0反射的种子光经过第四折叠镜14反射到第一端镜15上。接着第一端镜15将信号光沿原路返回，当信号光再次到达电光晶体9前，在电光晶体9两端施加四分之一电压，这样返回的种子光再次往返四分之一波片8和电光晶体9一次后，激光偏振态保持不变，依然为s(或者p)偏振，这样种子光将在再生腔内往返振荡多次，当功率达到极大值时，关闭电光晶体9两级的电压，种子光往返四分之一波片8和电光晶体9后变为p(或者s)偏振，其后透过第二偏振片7以及半波片6，放大后的种子光偏振方向偏转45度，接着经过法拉第旋光器5后种子光再次变为s(或者p)偏振，其后经由第一偏振片4反射镜。其后放大后的种子光依次经过光隔离器16以及第三透镜17、第四透镜18，接着通过第五折叠镜19、第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21依次将注入的种子光错开后多次打到薄片增益模块0薄片晶体表面，放大后的激光脉冲由第六折叠镜20及第七折叠镜21中间出射。
在上述增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法中，种子激光器发出p(或者s)偏振的光经过透镜组准直后透过第一个薄膜偏振片，接着经过法拉第旋光器和半波片，其偏振态保持不变依然为p(或者s)偏振，然后透过第二个薄膜偏振片，其后注入的种子光往返一次四分之一波片和电光晶体，此时电光晶体未加电压，往返过后脉冲变为s(或者p)偏振经由第二个薄膜偏振片反入再生放大器内，其后注入光一次经过折叠镜薄片晶体以及端镜，电光晶体两端在注入脉冲再次抵达前施加四分之一电压，此后注入的种子光在腔内往返放大，当脉冲能量足够大时，撤去电光晶体两级的电压，脉冲再次往返一次电光晶体和四分之一波片而变为p(或者s)偏振而透过第二个薄膜偏振片，其后再经过半波片和法拉第旋光器而变为s(或者p)偏振经过第一个薄膜偏振片时导出到行波放大器中。在进入行波放大器之前通过光隔离器以及扩束准直透镜组，其后经由多组折叠镜将再生放大后的种子光多次打在激光晶体上从而完成进一步的行波放大。有着结构紧凑、综合光光效 率高的特点：再生放大级和行波放大级共用一套薄片增益模块，在使用较小口径电光晶体的情况下也可以获得较高的激光功率输出。
以上仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，其特征在于，包括：
    种子激光器，用于放大器种子光的注入；
    所述激光束依次通过第一透镜、第二透镜、第一偏振片、法拉第旋光器、半波片进入再生放大器，在所述再生放大器内振荡放大经过所述半波片、所述法拉第旋光器、所述第一偏振片后进入行波放大器，所述行波放大器与所述再生放大器共用薄片增益模块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，其特征在于，所述再生放大器为驻波型再生放大器或行波再生放大器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，其特征在于，所述再生放大器包括第二偏振片、四分之一波片、光电晶体、第二端镜、第一折叠镜、第二折叠镜、第三折叠镜、薄片增益模块、第四折叠镜和第一端镜。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，其特征在于，所述行波放大器包括光隔离器、第三透镜、第四透镜、第五折叠镜、第六折叠镜、第七折叠镜及与所述再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器，其特征在于，所述种子激光器为光纤皮秒、飞秒锁模激光器、固体皮秒或飞秒锁模激光器。
  6. 一种如权利要求1-5任意一项权利要求所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，其特征在于，包括：
    从种子激光器输出激光束；
    所述激光束依次通过第一透镜、第二透镜、第一偏振片、法拉第旋光器、半波片进入再生放大器，在所述再生放大器内振荡放大经过所述半波片、所述法拉第旋光器、所述第一偏振片后进入行波放大器，所述行波放大器与所述再生放大器共用薄片增益模块。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，其特征在于，所述再生放大器包括第二偏振片、四分之一波片、光电晶体、第二端镜、第一折叠镜、第二折叠镜、第三折叠镜、薄片增益模块、第四折叠镜和第一端镜。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，其特征在于，所述经所述端镜作用原路返回所述再生放大器内振荡放大为：
    在所述激光束到达所述电光晶体前，在所述电光晶体两端施加四分之一电压，所述激光束往返所述四分之一波片和所述电光晶体后，所述激光束偏振态保持不变，在所述再生放大器内往返振荡多次，当功率达到极大值时，关闭所述电光晶体两端的电压，所述激光束光往返所述四分之一波片和所述电光晶体后变为p或s偏振，然后透过所述第二偏振片。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，其特征在于，所述行波放大器包括光隔离器、第三透镜、第四透镜、第五折叠镜、第六折叠镜、第七折叠镜及与所述再生放大器共用的薄片增益模块。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的所述的增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器的激光输出方法，其特征在于，所述再生放大器为驻波型再生放大器或行波再生放大器。
PCT/CN2019/096320 2018-08-17 2019-07-17 增益介质复用的薄片混合放大激光器及其激光输出方法 WO2020034803A1 (zh)

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