WO2020003461A1 - ソーラーパネルの洗浄システム - Google Patents
ソーラーパネルの洗浄システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020003461A1 WO2020003461A1 PCT/JP2018/024685 JP2018024685W WO2020003461A1 WO 2020003461 A1 WO2020003461 A1 WO 2020003461A1 JP 2018024685 W JP2018024685 W JP 2018024685W WO 2020003461 A1 WO2020003461 A1 WO 2020003461A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar panel
- brush
- structural frame
- cleaning system
- solar
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
- B08B1/12—Brushes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
- B08B1/34—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members rotating about an axis parallel to the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cleaning system used for cleaning a solar panel.
- solar power generation has been considered as one type of power generation using natural energy that does not deplete resources and does not pollute the environment.
- solar power generation when light is applied to a cell which is a single element of a solar cell, light energy is absorbed by electrons contained in the cell. When light energy is absorbed by the electrons, the light energy is directly converted to electric power by the photovoltaic effect, and is output to the outside as electric power.
- a plurality of cells are arranged, protected by a resin or tempered glass, and packaged so that they can be used outdoors is called a solar panel (module). Since the solar panel is used outdoors, dirt such as dust, yellow sand, volcanic ash, and bird droppings adheres to the surface.
- the solar panel cleaning system of Patent Literature 1 includes a rail provided along the solar panel, a moving device that moves on the rail, a support shaft that is provided to be inclined with respect to a moving direction of the moving device, and a circle around the support shaft.
- a sponge provided in a column shape and a sponge rotating around a support shaft by contact of the sponge with a solar panel due to movement by a moving device are described. Since rainwater is used as washing water, a raindrop sensor is provided to wash the solar panel only on rainy days.
- Patent Literature 2 discloses a cleaning robot that runs on a plurality of solar panels and cleans a light receiving surface.
- the solar panel cleaning system of Patent Literature 1 relies solely on rainwater that pours water used for cleaning the solar panel. Therefore, if a large amount of rain does not fall, the water required for cleaning may be insufficient. . Since the sponge rotates due to the rotation of the sponge due to the contact with the solar panel, no action such as scraping occurs, and the sponge merely contacts the surface of the solar panel. Therefore, dirt attached to the surface of the solar panel cannot be sufficiently removed. Since the cleaning robot of Patent Literature 2 performs the cleaning operation while being placed on the upper surface of the solar panel, the weight of the cleaning robot is added to the solar panel. For this reason, a load is applied to the solar panel, which may cause deformation of the solar panel and damage to the panel surface.
- An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and a solar panel cleaning system that sufficiently removes dirt attached to the surface of a solar panel using rainwater without imposing a load on the solar panel. It is to provide.
- a solar panel cleaning system of the present invention includes a plurality of solar panels arranged in a row, and a pair of rails provided on both sides of the plurality of solar panels and extending in a horizontal direction.
- a portal-shaped structural frame movably supported on the rails on both sides of the solar panel and arranged to surround the upper surface of the solar panel, and a moving device for moving the structural frame along the rails
- a rotating brush provided on the structural frame and extending in a direction intersecting a direction in which the plurality of solar panels are arranged, and a rotating brush arranged so as to be able to contact an upper surface of the solar panel;
- a driving device provided on a structural frame to rotate the rotating brush, a water collecting portion provided on the upper surface of the structural frame and collecting rainwater during rainfall, and a water collecting portion provided by the water collecting portion. The resulting rain water and a water injection unit for pouring the rotary brush.
- the rainwater collected by the water catching unit with a large water catching area is concentrated and poured into the rotating brush, and is moved on the solar panel while rotating the rotating brush. Therefore, the dirt attached to the surface of the solar panel can be reliably removed by the rotating brush that rotates while supplying sufficient washing water with rainwater.
- the load when the rainwater is stored is not applied to the solar panel, and the deformation of the solar panel and damage to the panel surface can be prevented. it can.
- the solar panel cleaning system 1 includes a solar panel SP, a rail (lane) 2, a structural frame 3, a moving device 4, a rotating brush 5, a water catching unit 6, a water injection unit 7, and a gantry 8.
- the structural frame 3, the moving device 4, the rotating brush 5, the water catching unit 6 and the water injection unit 7 constitute a solar panel cleaning device PWM.
- the solar panel SP uses, for example, a module formed in a rectangular plate shape using crystalline silicon as a solar cell.
- the solar panels SP are arranged four by four to form a solar panel unit USP, and are laid down and fixed to one mount 8 (described later) for each unit.
- a plurality of solar panel units USP are linearly and continuously arranged in a line. Note that the plurality of solar panel units USP arranged linearly in a line correspond to the plurality of solar panels arranged in a line.
- the direction in which the plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged corresponds to the direction in which the plurality of solar panels SP are arranged.
- solar panel units USP arranged in four rows are arranged in sections A and B.
- a direction in which a plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged is referred to as an X direction
- a horizontal direction orthogonal to the X direction is referred to as a Y direction.
- inside means a side closer to the center in a predetermined range.
- Outside means a side farther from the center in a predetermined range. 1, the right side is represented by R, the left side is represented by L, the near side in FIG. 1 is represented by front f, and the other side in FIG. 1 is represented by rear r.
- the rail 2 extends in the X direction in which a plurality of (in the present embodiment, four rows, one group and two groups of section A and section B) solar panel units USP are arranged, A pair is provided on the ground on both sides of the solar panel unit USP.
- the rail 2 is a groove rail formed of, for example, an iron member and having a concave groove 2a whose upper surface is continuously opened in the longitudinal direction.
- the rail 2 has, for example, a lower end fixed to a plurality of sleepers 2b made of, for example, an H-shaped steel member arranged on the ground along a direction (X direction) in which the plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged. I have.
- the shape and dimensions of the concave groove 2a are provided such that the tires 41fR, 41fL, 41rR, 41rL of the structural frame 3 described later roll along the concave groove 2a.
- a position sensor 50 is provided at a position corresponding to the end of each rail 2, and detects the position of the solar panel cleaning device PWM on the rail 2, stops the moving device 4 described later, and moves in the opposite direction. For example, a signal is transmitted to the control device 40 to cause the control device 40 to perform the operation.
- positions corresponding to the ends of the rails 2 for example, they are arranged at the start end (upper end in FIG. 8) and end end (lower end in FIG. 8) of the first to fourth rows in section A and section B. .
- the structural frame 3 is formed of, for example, an angle steel member, and has a structural frame main body 3a and a sub-supporting member 3b.
- the structural frame body 3a includes a column 3a1, a horizontal member 3a2, a lower horizontal member 3a3, and an upper horizontal member 3a4.
- the structural frame 3 is movably supported on the rails 2 on both sides of the solar panel unit USP, is arranged so as to surround the upper surface of the solar panel unit USP, and is formed in a portal shape as a whole.
- the columns 3a1 extend vertically on both sides of the solar panel unit USP, and are erected in pairs in the X direction.
- the horizontal members 3a2 are horizontally mounted between the upper ends of the opposing columns 3a1 (Y direction).
- the lower horizontal member 3a3 is provided below the two columns 3a1 along the X direction.
- the upper horizontal member 3a4 is provided along the X direction between the upper portions of the two columns 3a1.
- Triangular plate-shaped corner fittings CB are fixed to the joint between the support 3a1 and the horizontal member 3a2 and the joint between the support 3a1 and the upper horizontal member 3a4 with bolts B and nuts N to prevent deformation of the joint. are doing.
- the sub support member 3b includes right and left inclined vertical members 3b1R and 3b1L, right and left inclined horizontal members 3b2R and 3b2L, an upper horizontal sub member 3b3, and a lower horizontal sub member 3b4. (See FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the right inclined vertical member 3b1R is erected from a position outside the support 3a1 by a predetermined distance along the Y direction, and the upper portion is inclined slightly outward from the vertical direction. One pair is provided.
- the right inclined horizontal member 3b2R is provided as a pair so as to extend from the upper end of the right inclined vertical member 3b1R toward the opposite column 3a1 at right angles in the virtual vertical plane.
- the left inclined vertical member 3b1L and the inclined horizontal member 3b2L are provided symmetrically with the inclined vertical member 3b1R and the inclined horizontal member 3b2R, and the description thereof is omitted because they have the same structure.
- the upper horizontal sub-member 3b3 is provided between the upper portions of the inclined vertical members 3b1L opposed to each other in the X direction (between the lower portions of the inclined horizontal members 3b2L) and provided in parallel with the upper horizontal member 3a4.
- the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4 is provided between the lower portions of the inclined vertical members 3b1L facing in the X direction and is provided in parallel with the horizontal member 3a2.
- the upper horizontal sub-member 3b3 and the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4 are provided similarly.
- the moving device 4 includes tires 41fR, 41fL, 41rR, 41rL, an electric drive motor 42, a torque transmitting device 43, and a control device 40.
- the lower horizontal member 3a3 and the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4 are provided with two pairs of bearing portions 41a, respectively.
- Tires 41fR, 41fL, 41rR, 41rL having rotating shafts 41bR, 41bL extending in the Y direction are rotatably supported by the bearings 41a.
- the tires 41fR, 41fL, 41rR, 41rL are, for example, solid type rubber tires.
- a first driven sprocket 43b1 is integrally fixed to one of the rotating shafts 41bR and 41bL (the right side in FIG. 1 and the right front side in FIG. 3) arranged in parallel.
- the electric drive motor 42 is fixed to the right lower horizontal member 3a3 and the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4 so as to straddle both members.
- the electric drive motor 42 is, for example, a DC motor driven by a battery 44, and a first drive sprocket 43a1 and a second drive sprocket 43a2 are integrally fixed to an output shaft 42a of the electric drive motor 42 (FIG. 5). reference).
- the first driving sprocket 43a1 and the second driving sprocket 43a2 have the same number of external teeth around the sprocket.
- a rechargeable battery 44 is fixed between the left lower horizontal member 3a3 and the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4 so that the electric drive motor 42 can be energized.
- a first roller chain 45 is mounted between the first driving sprocket 43a1 and the first driven sprocket 43b1, so that the rotational torque of the electric driving motor 42 is transmitted to the right front tire 41fR ( 1 and 3).
- the drive of the electric drive motor 42 is controlled by the control device 40.
- the control device 40 is provided above the front left support 3a1.
- Bearings 46 are provided opposite to each other at the intermediate portion of the column 3a1 erected in a pair at the front as shown in FIGS.
- a transmission rotation shaft 47 for transmitting torque is rotatably supported by the bearing 46 so as to extend in the Y direction.
- a first conductive sprocket 43c1 and a second conductive sprocket 43c2 are integrally fixed to both ends of the transmission rotation shaft 47, respectively.
- a second roller chain 48 is mounted between the second drive sprocket 43a2 (see FIG. 3) and the right first conductive sprocket 43c1.
- a second driven sprocket 43b2 is integrally fixed to the rotation shaft 41bL of the front left tire 41fL.
- a third roller chain 49 is mounted between the second conductive sprocket 43c2 and the second driven sprocket 43b2.
- the first and second conductive sprockets 43c1 and 43c2 have the same number of teeth.
- the number of teeth of the first driven sprocket 43b1 and the number of teeth of the second driven sprocket 43b2 are the same. By setting the number of teeth, the front right tire 41fR and the front left tire 41fL rotate synchronously.
- the sub support member 3b is provided on the structural frame main body 3a as a pair so as to face both sides of the solar panel unit USP.
- the sub support member 3b increases the rigidity of the structural frame 3 as a brace.
- the lower end of the column 3a1 and the lower ends of the inclined vertical members 3b1R and 3b1L are connected by a basic horizontal member 3c.
- the support frame 3d includes a base support frame 3d1, a distal end support frame 3d2, a lateral support frame 3d3 (see FIG. 5), and an inclined support frame 3d4 (see FIG. 1).
- the base support frame 3d1 and the distal end support frame 3d2 are each formed from an angle steel member, and are joined at the side surfaces by, for example, welding.
- the base support frame 3d1 connects the lower horizontal member 3a3 and the lower horizontal sub-member 3b4, protrudes inward by a predetermined length along the Y direction, and is disposed such that the lower surface is an L-shaped cross section.
- the distal end support frame 3d2 is provided inside the distal end side of the base support frame 3d1, and is disposed such that the upper surface is a flat portion having an inverted L-shaped cross section.
- the inclined support frame 3d4 is formed from, for example, an angle steel member.
- the inclined support frame 3d4 has an upper end fixed to a lower portion of the column 3a1 by, for example, bolts and nuts, and a lower end protruding inward in the Y direction at an inclination angle of 45 degrees from the vertical (see FIG. 1). .
- the inclined support frame 3d4 is provided on each of the four columns 3a1, and a horizontal support frame 3d3 is suspended by, for example, bolts and nuts between lower ends of the inclined support frames 3d4 facing in the X direction.
- the lateral support frame 3d3 is fixed to the upper surface on the base end side of the distal end support frame 3d2 by, for example, bolts and nuts.
- the front end support frame 3d2 is provided with an unillustrated engagement fitting.
- the engagement fitting is configured to engage with an engagement fitting provided on the contacted portions 3fR, 3fL (described later) to support the contacted portions 3fR, 3fL so as to be slidable and fixable in the Y direction. ing.
- an upper beam member 3b21 laid on the inclined upper side of the inclined horizontal member 3b2L, and an inclined lower portion of the inclined horizontal member 3b2L are provided on the inclined lateral member 3b2L on the left side of the sub-support member 3b.
- a lower beam member 3b22 is provided on the side.
- Each of the upper beam member 3b21 and the lower beam member 3b22 is provided with a parallel link mechanism 9 which oscillates a rotary brush 5 described later so as to swing.
- the hanging link members 9af and 9ar are configured to rotate in a virtual plane (a plane parallel to the inclined vertical members 3b1R and 3b1L) that intersects the inclined horizontal member 3b2L at right angles.
- the distance L1 between the centers of the connecting shafts 9d and the predetermined distance L2 between the upper beam members 3b21 facing the support plate 9bU (the distance L2 between the centers of the connecting shafts 9a1) are formed to have the same length.
- the pair of hanging link members 9af and 9ar are also formed with the same length. These form a parallel link mechanism 9.
- the portion of the upper beam member 3b21 at the predetermined interval L2 corresponds to a fixed joint of the parallel link mechanism 9.
- the length of the hanging link members 9af, 9ar is such that the first, second, and third brush portions 53, 54, 55 come into contact with the surface of the solar panel SP on the gantry 8 when the rotating brush 5 described below is hung. And the length is set so that the first, second, and third brush portions 53, 54, 55 do not enter below the solar panel SP.
- the hanging link member 9a (9af, 9ar) is provided with a retracting device 9c for holding a rotating brush 5 described later, separated upward from a solar panel SP to be cleaned.
- the retreating device 9c is a rear retreat position used when swinging the hanging link members 9af, 9ar to the right (rearward side) in FIG. 4, and moving the hanging link members 9af, 9ar to the left (front side) in FIG. And a forward retreat position used when swinging.
- Each of the hanging link members 9af and 9ar rotates about the connecting shaft 9a1, but the support plate 9bU swings.
- a locking plate member 9c1r rotatably provided above the rear (right side in FIG. 4) hanging link member 9ar and a lower portion of the front (left side in FIG. 4) hanging link member 9af. Positioning is performed by engaging the locked projection 9c2f.
- the locking plate member 9c1r is formed with a locking groove 9c11 in which the front hanging link member 9af side is opened and the front locked projection 9c2f enters, and a hemispherical locking is provided at the back of the locking groove 9c11.
- a fastener 9c12 is formed.
- a locking plate member 9c1f swingably provided above the front (left side in FIG. 4) hanging link member 9af and a lower portion of the rear (right side in FIG. 4) hanging link member 9ar. Positioning is performed by engagement with the provided locked projection 9c2r.
- the locking plate member 9c1f is formed with a locking groove 9c11 in which the rear hanging link member 9ar side is opened and the rear locked projection 9c2r enters, and a hemispherical locking is provided at the back of the locking groove 9c11.
- a fastener 9c12 is formed.
- the rotating brush 5 includes a first rotating shaft 51, a second rotating shaft 52, a brush frame 57, a first brush portion 53, a second brush portion 54, and a third brush portion 55. ing.
- the first rotation support shaft 51 and the second rotation support shaft 52 have a rotation center extending in a direction orthogonal to the X direction.
- the first rotation support shaft 51 and the second rotation support shaft 52 are arranged in parallel with each other.
- the support plate 9bU on the upper beam member 3b21 side and the support plate 9bD on the lower beam member 3b22 side are connected at both ends in the horizontal direction by brush frames 57 facing in the X direction.
- the brush frame 57 is formed of, for example, an angle steel member and extends in parallel with the inclined horizontal member 3b2L.
- the first rotation support shaft 51 is provided at two intermediate portions between a bearing portion 58 provided on the support plate 9bU on the upper beam member 3b21 side and a brush frame 57 on the rear side (the brush frame 57 with respect to the support plate 9bU). It is rotatably supported by a first intermediate bearing portion 581 provided at about a quarter position of the length and at a position about three quarters). Between the two first intermediate bearing portions 581 of the first rotation support shaft 51, a first brush portion 53 protruding in the radial direction of the first rotation support shaft 51 and formed in a cylindrical shape with a predetermined width in the axial direction. Is provided.
- the first brush portion 53 is, for example, a so-called roll brush in which a large number of straight hairs made of polypropylene protrude in the radial direction.
- the second rotation support shaft 52 includes a front bearing portion 58 provided on the support plate 9bU on the upper beam member 3b21 side, a front bearing portion 58 provided on the support plate 9bD on the lower beam member 3b22 side, The second provided at two intermediate portions of the brush frame 57 on the front side (about one-third and about two-thirds of the length of the brush frame 57 with respect to the support plate 9bU). It is rotatably supported by the intermediate bearing 582.
- a second brush part 54 is provided between the front bearing part 58 and the second intermediate bearing part 582 on the upper beam member 3b21 side.
- the second brush portion 54 is formed in a columnar shape with a predetermined width in the axial direction so as to protrude in the radial direction of the second rotation support shaft 52 and partially overlap the first brush portion 53.
- the second brush unit 54 is a roll brush similar to the first brush unit 53.
- a third brush portion 55 is provided between the front bearing portion 58 and the second intermediate bearing portion 582 on the lower beam member 3b22 side.
- the third brush portion 55 is formed in a columnar shape with a predetermined width in the axial direction such that the third brush portion 55 projects in the radial direction of the second rotation support shaft 52 and partially overlaps the first brush portion 53.
- the third brush unit 55 is a roll brush similar to the first brush unit 53.
- An electric motor 56 (drive device) is fixed to the bearing 58 on the upper beam member 3b21 side of the first rotating shaft 51.
- the first rotation support shaft 51 is connected to an output shaft (not shown) of the electric motor 56 via a speed reduction device (not shown) so that rotational torque can be transmitted.
- the first rotation support shaft 51 is provided with first external gears 51a which are spur gears at both ends thereof.
- the second rotation support shaft 52 is configured such that second external gears 52a, which are spur gears, are provided around both ends thereof, and mesh with the first external gear 51a.
- the water catching part 6 is provided on a ceiling part 3 a 5 formed at an upper part between the four columns 3 a 1 of the structural frame 3.
- the water catching portion 6 is formed of, for example, a flexible vinyl chloride corrugated plate member, and is curved so as to lie on the ceiling portion 3a5 and form a concave portion 6a at the center in the X direction.
- the cross section when cut along the Y direction is wavy.
- a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) through holes are provided in the concave portion 6 a arranged in the Y direction, and a water injection portion 7 is formed.
- the through holes of the water injection section 7 are arranged so as to face each other along the first brush section 53, the second brush section 54, and the third brush section 55 of the rotating brush 5.
- the gantry 8 includes a fixed support member 83 fixedly supported on the installation surface GD, a horizontal support frame 82 supported on the fixed support member 83, and a support shaft 84 provided on the horizontal support frame 82.
- a panel support member 85 rotatably supported by the support shaft 84, and stopper members 86R and 86L for stopping the rotation of the panel support member 85 at a predetermined tilt angle position. .
- the fixed support member 83 includes two pedestals 830f and 830r placed at a predetermined distance in the X direction, and a pair of first pillars erected on the other end side (right side) of each of the pedestals 830f and 830r. 831f, 831r, and a pair of second supports 832f, 832r, which are provided upright on one end side (left side) of the respective pedestals 830f, 830r and provided at the same height as the first supports 831f, 831r. ing.
- the pedestals 830f and 830r are fixed to the sleeper 2b of the H-shaped steel member of the rail 2 by a bracket 830b.
- the horizontal support frame 82 includes a first horizontal member 821 laid between the pair of first columns 831f and 831r, a second horizontal member 822 laid between the pair of second columns 832f and 832r, It has a pair of horizontal members 823f and 823r which are respectively bridged between both ends of the first horizontal member 821 and the second horizontal member 822.
- the first horizontal member 821 and the second horizontal member 822 are formed of, for example, a steel bar member having a hollow circular cross section.
- a support shaft 84 made of a steel rod member having a solid circular cross section supports a bracket and a screw (not shown) for supporting the outer periphery of the support shaft 84. Has been fixed by.
- the support shaft 84 is supported so as to extend along a direction parallel to the first and second horizontal members 821 and 822.
- the panel support member 85 is parallel to the pair of rotating rod members 851f and 851r (corresponding to two opposing sides) supported at the center by the support shaft 84 and the first and second horizontal members 821 and 822.
- a pair of panel fixing members 852R, 852L extending in the direction, and laterally mounted on both ends of the rotating rod members 851f, 851r, are formed in a square shape.
- a bearing member (not shown) that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the support shaft 84 is provided on the lower surface of the central portion of the rotating rod members 851f and 851r.
- Each of the bearing members rotatably supports the outer periphery of the support shaft 84 by a band-shaped holding portion and screws (not shown).
- Four solar panels SP are fixed to the panel fixing members 852R and 852L, for example, with bolts or the like.
- Stopper members 86R and 86L as locking devices are provided on both ends of the rotating rod members 851f and 851r, respectively.
- the stopper members 86R and 86L each include a pair of long plate-shaped portions 861R and 861L that are arranged to face each other, and a connection member 862 that connects the distal ends of the long plate-shaped portions 861R and 861L in the X direction. ing.
- As the connecting member 862 for example, a member made of angle iron is used.
- the base ends of the long plates 861R and 861L of the stopper members 86R and 86L are rotatably connected to the rotating rod members 851f and 851r by pins 860.
- an engagement recess 863L and a shallow engagement recess 864L are formed on the lower surface of the left long plate-like portion 861L.
- an engagement recess 863R and a shallow engagement recess 864R are also formed on the lower surface of the right long plate-like portion 861R.
- Each of the engaging recesses 863L and 863R is cut out in a semicircular shape so as to engage a half of the outer circumference of the first and second lateral members 821 and 822.
- Each of the shallow engagement recesses 864R and 864L has a quarter circumference so as to engage less than a half of the outer circumference of the first and second horizontal members 821 and 822, for example, a quarter of the circumference. It is notched.
- the shallow engaging concave portion 864L on the left is engaged with the second lateral member 822.
- the shallow engaging concave portion 864R on the right side engages with the first lateral member 821.
- the lower surfaces of the long plate-shaped portions 861R and 861L are placed on the upper outer peripheral surfaces of the first and second horizontal members 821 and 822 by the weight of the stopper members 86R and 86L as shown in FIG. Touch and move relative to each other.
- the stopper members 86R and 86L rotate by their own weight around the pin 860 at one end.
- the position where the engagement concave portion 863R engages with the first horizontal member 821 is set to 0 degrees at which the panel support member 85 becomes horizontal.
- the position where the engagement concave portion 863L engages with the second horizontal member 822 is set at a position where the panel support member 85 is inclined 10 degrees downward on the right side of the horizontal.
- a connecting member 862 for connecting the distal end of the right stopper member 86R and a connecting member 862 for connecting the distal end of the left stopper member 86L have wheels 866R rotatably supported by an axle 867 supported by a support bracket 865. , 866L are provided. The wheels 866R and 866L are provided at the center of the connecting member 862 in the X direction so as to project downward. The wheels 866R and 866L are supported by the stopper members 86R and 86L via the connecting member 862 so as not to be relatively movable.
- the wheels 866R and 866L are configured to contact surfaces (horizontal arc surfaces 3f1 of the contacted portions 3fR and 3fL described later) extending horizontally in the Y direction and rotate the stopper members 86R and 86L.
- a contact portion is constituted by the support bracket 865, the axle 867, and the wheels 866R and 866L.
- an arc surface 3f1 is formed at an upper portion, which extends at a predetermined width along the Y direction and whose central axis of curvature extends in the Y direction.
- the contact parts 3fR and 3fL in the shape of a broken kamaboko are provided respectively.
- the arc surface 3f1 corresponds to the inclined contact surface.
- Engagement fittings are provided on the bottoms of the contacted portions 3fR and 3fL, and engagement fittings (not shown) provided on a pair of tip end support frames 3d2 (see FIG. 5) extending in the Y direction. ) Is slidably engaged in the Y direction.
- the contacted portions 3fR and 3fL are located at an angle change execution position EP where the inclined contact surface (arc surface 3f1) abuts the corresponding contact portion wheels 866R and 866L, and the wheels 866R and 866L are inclined contact surfaces (arc surface 3f1). It is configured to be movable between a retreat position RP that does not contact. In the present embodiment, the position is manually moved between the angle change execution position EP and the retreat position RP.
- the contact portion (support bracket 865, wheels 866R, 866L, axle 867) and the contacted portions 3fR, 3fL mainly constitute a locking device operating portion.
- a plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged in four rows along the X direction and are divided into two groups.
- Rails 2 are arranged on both sides of each row in which the solar panel units USP are arranged in parallel with the row. Only one row of rails 2 is provided between adjacent rows of solar panel units USP.
- a rail between a certain row and a row adjacent to the row is a row adjacent to the row.
- the cleaning device is also used when performing a cleaning operation.
- the traverser device 10 has a cross rail 101 extending at right angles to the rail 2 and a mounting table 102 moving on the cross rail 101.
- the crossing rails 101 are provided between the two groups of four rows, and are provided in pairs extending in the Y direction at right angles to the rails 2 provided along the rows of the solar panel units USP.
- Each of the cross rails 101 is a groove rail formed of, for example, an iron member and having a concave groove 101a whose upper surface is continuously opened in the longitudinal direction.
- the lower end of the cross rail 101 is fixed to, for example, a plurality of concrete sleepers 101b arranged on the ground along the Y direction.
- the shape and dimensions of the concave groove 101a are provided such that wheels of the mounting table 102 described later can roll along the concave groove 101a.
- the mounting base 102 mainly includes a mounting frame 102a, a mounting rail 102b, wheels 102c, an electric motor (not shown), a battery (not shown), and the like.
- the mounting frame 102a is formed in a rectangular frame shape by, for example, an I-shaped steel member and horizontally lays down.
- the mounting rail 102b is fixed to the mounting frame 102a.
- the mounting rail 102b is formed in a groove rail similar to the rail 2, and is fixed in a pair to extend in the X direction at a predetermined length on which the solar panel cleaning device PWM can be mounted.
- the mounting rail 102b is arranged so as to be aligned with the pair of rails 2.
- the mounting base 102 is provided with two pairs of wheels 102c each having a rotation axis (not shown) extending in the X direction, arranged in the Y direction, and configured to roll along the cross rail 101.
- the wheel 102c is formed of, for example, a solid rubber tire.
- the rotation shafts of the pair of wheels 102c on the left side are connected and formed so as to rotate integrally.
- a driven sprocket (not shown) is integrally fixed to the rotating shaft.
- An electric motor (not shown) having an output shaft (not shown) extending along the X direction is mounted on the mounting base 102, and a drive sprocket (not shown) for transmitting a driving force is integrated with the output shaft. Fixed to. A roller chain (not shown) is mounted between the driven sprocket of the rotating shaft and the driving sprocket of the output shaft, and the rotating torque of the electric motor is transmitted to the pair of left wheels 102c. The driving of the electric motor is controlled by the control device 40.
- the mounting table 102 mounts a solar panel cleaning device PWM.
- the mounting base 102 moves on the cross rail 101 to align the mounting rail 102b with the rail 2 in the row in which the solar panel cleaning device PWM is movable.
- the solar panel cleaning device PWM is mounted on the mounting table 102.
- the wheels 102c are rotated so as to be aligned with the rails 2 in another row in which the cleaning operation is to be performed, and the solar panel cleaning device PWM (structural frame 3) is moved to the newly aligned rails 2.
- a position sensor 60 for detecting the position of the mounting table 102 is provided, and the position of the mounting table 102 on the crossing rail 101 is detected and transmitted to the control device 40. It has become. For example, when the mounting base 101 moves and the mounting rail 102b is aligned with the rail 2, the drive by the electric motor is turned off.
- the operation of the solar panel cleaning system 1 includes an operation for cleaning the solar panel SP, an operation for changing the inclination angle of the gantry 8, and a lane change for changing the solar panel cleaning device PWM to another row. There is an operation for.
- the operator positions the contacted portions 3fR and 3fL at the retreat position RP.
- the control device energizes the electric motor 56 to rotate the rotating brush 5.
- the control device energizes the electric drive motor 42 of the moving device 4 to rotate the tires 41fR and 41fL to move the solar panel cleaning device PWM along the rail 2.
- the rotating brush 5 comes into contact with the end of the solar panel SP from the X direction. Since the inclination angle of the solar panel SP and the inclination angle of the rotating brush 5 coincide at 10 degrees, they contact each other in a state of being parallel to each other. Then, the hanging link member 9a swings in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the solar panel cleaning device PWM by the contacting rotating brush 5, and moves the rotating brush 5 upward.
- the moved rotating brush 5 rides on the solar panel SP, and the rotating brush 5 rotates while pressing the first, second, and third brush portions 53, 54, and 55 against the surface of the solar panel SP by its own weight.
- the first, second, and third brush sections 53, 54, and 55 receive rainwater collected by the water catching section 6 from each of the water injection sections 7, and are used as washing water to float dirt and wash off. .
- the control device moves the solar panel cleaning device PWM along the rail 2 to the adjacent solar panel unit USP, and performs the same cleaning.
- control device energizes the electric drive motor 42 of the moving device 4 to rotate the tires 41fR and 41fL to move the solar panel cleaning device PWM along the rail 2.
- the wheel 866L of the contact portion comes into contact with the foot of the arc surface 3f1 of the contacted portion 3fL.
- the further movement of the solar panel cleaning device PWM causes the wheel 866L to roll up the arcuate surface 3f1, as shown in (1), and to engage the engaging recess 863L of the left stopper member 86L with the second horizontal member. Remove from 822. At this time, although not shown, the shallow engagement recess 864R of the right stopper member 86R is disengaged from the first horizontal member 821 on the right side of the gantry 8.
- the further movement of the solar panel cleaning device PWM causes the wheel 866L to rotate the rotating bar member 851f, thereby moving the rotating bar member 851f to the horizontal position.
- the shallow engaging concave portion 864L of the left stopper member 86L is engaged with the second horizontal member 822.
- the engaging recess 863R of the right stopper member 86R is engaged with the first horizontal member 821 on the right side of the gantry 8.
- the rotating rod member 851f is positioned at the horizontal position, and the solar panel unit USP is held at the horizontal position.
- the solar panel units USP adjacent to each other along the rail 2 are tilted and held horizontally.
- FIG. 10 a case will be described in which a plurality of solar panel units USP arranged in sections A and B in four rows are washed by changing lanes. First, all the solar panel units USP are held at an angle of 10 degrees that can be washed.
- the solar panel cleaning device PWM is disposed at one end (the upper end in FIG. 10) of the third row in the section A.
- control device drives the electric motor 102e to rotate the wheels 102c to move the mounting table 102 so as to align the mounting table 102 with the third row (lane) where the solar panel cleaning device PWM is arranged.
- the rail 2 and the mounting rail 102b are aligned so as to be aligned.
- control device drives the electric drive motor 42 to rotate the tires 41fR and 41fL to move the solar panel cleaning device PWM toward the mounting table 102 on which it is arranged. Then, the solar panel cleaning device PWM is mounted on the mounting table 102, and the rotation of the tires 41fR, 41fL, 41rR, 41rL is locked.
- the control device drives the electric motor 102e to rotate the wheels 102c to align the mounting table 102 on which the solar panel cleaning device PWM is mounted, for example, in the second row requiring cleaning (which row is selected). Is set in advance by a program, for example).
- the control device drives the electric drive motor 42 to rotate the tires 41fR and 41fL, and arranges the solar panel cleaning device PWM in the second row of the section A.
- the second row of solar panel units USP in the section A is washed.
- the solar panel unit USP is cleaned while changing the row in which the solar panel cleaning device PWM is arranged in the same manner.
- the solar panel unit USP arranges the traverser apparatus 10 between the section A and the section B arranged in the section A and the section B in four rows, the traverser apparatus 10 is efficient and equipped with one traverser apparatus 10.
- a low-cost solar panel cleaning system 1 can be provided.
- the solar panel cleaning apparatus PWM returns on the wall side. Therefore, a large number of solar panel units USP can be installed on the premises, and the electromotive efficiency can be increased.
- the case where the washing is performed while the lane is changed has been described.
- the change of the inclination angle and the washing may be performed.
- one row reciprocates. The change is made to the change of the inclination angle at which the cleaning can be performed on the outward path, and the solar panel unit USP is cleaned on the return path.
- the solar panel cleaning system 1 is provided on a plurality of solar panel units USP (solar panels) arranged in a row and on both sides of the plurality of solar panel units USP.
- a pair of rails 2 extending in the horizontal direction, a gate-shaped structural frame 3 movably supported on the rails 2 on both sides of the solar panel unit USP and arranged to surround the upper surface of the solar panel unit USP; It has.
- a moving device 4 for moving the structural frame 3 along the rail 2 and a rotation center provided on the structural frame 3 and extending in a direction intersecting the direction in which the plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged are provided.
- a rotary brush 5 arranged to be able to contact the upper surface of the solar panel unit USP, an electric motor 56 provided on the structural frame 3 for rotating the rotary brush 5, And a water pouring unit 7 for pouring the rainwater collected by the water catching unit 6 to the rotating brush 5.
- a gantry 8 that supports the solar panel unit USP so as to be able to tilt in a virtual plane orthogonal to the X direction in which the plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged is provided. It is provided with stopper members 86R and 86L and first and second horizontal members 821 and 822 (locking devices) for locking and unlocking at the locking position, and is provided between the structural frame 3 and the gantry 8, and includes a moving device. 4, the locking position locked by the stopper members 86R, 86L and the first and second lateral members 821, 822 (locking device) in conjunction with the movement of the structural frame 3 by the next frame is another locking position.
- the contacted parts 3fR and 3fL to be moved to the stop position and the wheels 866R and 866L (locking device operation parts) are provided. According to this, the inclination angles of the plurality of solar panel units USP supported by the gantry 8 can be easily changed only by moving the structural frame 3.
- the locking device operation unit is provided with wheels 866R, 866L provided on one end side of the gantry 8 and wheels 866R, 866L provided on the structural frame 3 by contacting the wheels 866R, 866L as the structural frame 3 moves.
- the rotating brush 5 is suspended from the structural frame 3 by a parallel link mechanism 9 in which a fixed node is fixed to the structural frame 3 and moves in parallel along the moving direction (X direction) of the structural frame 3. . According to this, the rotating brush 5 can be brought into contact with the solar panel unit USP only by the weight of a part of the parallel link mechanism 9 and the rotating brush 5, and the rotating brush 5 is fixed at a fixed angle with respect to the solar panel unit USP. Can be contacted. Therefore, a stable cleaning operation can be performed without imposing an uneven load on the solar panel unit USP.
- the parallel link mechanism 9 is provided with a retracting device 9c that holds the rotating brush 5 away from the solar panel unit USP. According to this, by holding the rotating brush 5 away from the solar panel unit USP, it is possible to quickly move the structural frame 3 (solar panel cleaning device PWM) without performing cleaning. .
- the water catching section 6 catches a projection area surrounded by the ceiling 3a5 of the structural frame 3. According to this, abundant washing water can be supplied by catching rainwater falling on a large area corresponding to a projection area surrounded by the ceiling portion 3a5 of the structural frame 3. In addition, since the weight of the captured rainwater is received by the structural frame 3, the solar panel SP can be prevented from being deformed or damaged without imposing a load on the solar panel unit USP.
- the rotating brush 5 includes a first rotating shaft 51 and a second rotating shaft 52 which are arranged in parallel to each other and are rotatably supported.
- a first brush portion 53 that protrudes in the radial direction of the support shaft 51 and is formed with a predetermined width in the axial direction is provided, and a second rotation support shaft 52 is provided at one end of the second rotation support shaft 52.
- a second brush portion 54 is formed with a predetermined width in the axial direction so as to protrude in the radial direction and partially overlap the first brush portion 53, and the other end side of the second rotation support shaft 52.
- a third brush portion 55 is formed at a predetermined width in the axial direction so as to protrude in the radial direction of the second rotation support shaft 52 and partially overlap the first brush portion 53.
- the first brush portion 53 around the first rotation support shaft 51 and the second brush portion 54 and the third brush portion 55 around the second rotation support shaft 52 are connected to the solar panel unit USP. Since the contact is made, the force applied by the rotating brush 5 does not escape and a stable cleaning operation can be performed. Further, since the second brush portion 54 and the third brush portion 55 partially overlap the first brush portion 53, it is possible to prevent the leakage of washing.
- the traverser device 10 When a plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged in a plurality of rows, a pair of crossing rails 101 orthogonal to the rails 2 provided in the rows of the plurality of solar panel units USP and the structural frame 3 are mounted.
- the traverser device 10 further includes a mounting table 102 that moves on the cross rail 101 and aligns the mounted structural frame 3 with the rails 2 in any other row. According to this, when a plurality of solar panel units USP are arranged in a plurality of rows, the traverser device 10 quickly and reliably transfers the structural frame 3 (solar panel cleaning apparatus PWM) to another row of the solar panel units USP. Can be moved.
- the gantry is tilted between 0 ° and 10 °, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the gantry that tilts at 0 °, 10 °, 20 °, and 30 ° may change the tilt angle.
- a solar panel mount described in International Publication WO 2016/185555 can be used as a mount that tilts at 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees.
- the contacted portion having a height of tilting at 20 degrees and 30 degrees can be positioned at the angle change execution position, so that 0, 10, 20, and 30 degrees Can be tilted.
- the rotating brush 5 is composed of the first rotating shaft 51 and the second rotating shaft 52, which are arranged in parallel with each other and rotatably supported, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a third rotation support shaft may be further provided in parallel with the first rotation support shaft and the second rotation support shaft, and brush portions each including three rotation support shafts may be formed.
- the first, second, and third brush portions 53, 54, and 55 have a large number of straight hairs made of polypropylene protruding in the radial direction, but are not limited thereto. And the like.
- the rail 2 is the concave groove 2a
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a rail made of an I-shaped steel member may be used.
- steel wheels can be used instead of tires.
- SYMBOLS 1 Solar panel washing system, 2 ... Rail, 3 ... Structural frame, 3a5 ... Ceiling part, 3fL, 3fR ... Contacted part (locking device operation part), 3f1 ... Arc surface (inclined contact surface), 4 ...
- Movement Apparatus 5: rotating brush, 51: first rotating shaft, 52: second rotating shaft, 53: first brush portion, 54: second brush portion, 55: third brush portion, 56: electric motor (driving Device), 6: water catching unit, 7: water injection unit, 8: gantry, 821: first horizontal member (locking device), 822: second horizontal member (locking device), 86R, 86L: stopper member (engagement device) Stop device), 866L, 866R: Wheel (contact portion / locking device operating portion), 9: Parallel link mechanism, 9c: Evacuation device, 10: Traverser device, 101: Cross rail, 102: Mounting table, 102b: Mounting rail , EP: Angle change execution position, RP: Evacuation position, PWM: Saw Paneru cleaning equipment.
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
太陽光発電は、太陽電池の単体の素子であるセルに光を当てると、セルに含まれている電子に光エネルギーが吸収される。電子に光エネルギーが吸収されると、光起電力効果によって光エネルギーは直接的に電力に変換され、電力として外部へ出力される。
また、セルを複数配列し、屋外で利用できるように、樹脂や強化ガラスで保護し、パッケージ化したものがソーラーパネル(モジュール)と呼ばれる。
そして、ソーラーパネルは、屋外で使用されるため、粉塵、黄砂、火山灰、鳥糞などの汚れが表面に付着する。このような汚れを放置すると、太陽エネルギーを効率よく吸収できなくなり、発電効率が低下する。そのため、ソーラーパネルの表面を、定期的に洗浄することは重要である。そしてソーラーパネルの洗浄には、大量の水を必要とするが、水道水や井戸水では、含まれる成分によりソーラーパネルの表面を化学反応で腐食したり、成分自体がソーラーパネルの表面にこびり付いて太陽エネルギーの吸収を妨げる皮膜を形成したりするおそれがあった。
そのため、水道水や井戸水を使わずにソーラーパネルを洗浄する洗浄装置として、特許文献1に記載されているものが知られている。
また、特許文献2には、複数のソーラーパネル上を自走して受光面を清掃する清掃ロボットが記載されている。
特許文献2の清掃ロボットは、ソーラーパネルの上面に載置された状態で清掃作業を行なうので、清掃ロボットの自重がソーラーパネルに付加される。そのため、ソーラーパネルに負荷をかけ、ソーラーパネルの変形やパネル表面に損傷を生じるおそれがあった。
本件発明にかかるソーラーパネルの洗浄システムについて、図1~図10に基づいて以下に説明する。ソーラーパネルの洗浄システム1は、ソーラーパネルSPと、軌条(レーン)2と、構造枠3と、移動装置4と、回転ブラシ5と、捕水部6と、注水部7と、架台8とを備えている。
構造枠3、移動装置4、回転ブラシ5、捕水部6および注水部7によって、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMが構成される。
ソーラーパネルSPは、例えば、太陽電池として結晶シリコンを使用し、長方形の板状に形成されたモジュールを使用する。本実施形態では、ソーラーパネルSPは、四枚ずつ並べられてソーラーパネルユニットUSPを構成し、一つの架台8(後述)に1ユニット毎に横臥されて固定されている。複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが、直線的に一列に連続して並べられている。なお、直線的に一列に並べられている複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが、一列に並べられた複数のソーラーパネルに相当する。複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが並べられる方向が、複数のソーラーパネルSPが並べられる方向に相当する。
なお、本明細書において、複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが並べられた方向をX方向、X方向に直交する水平方向をY方向という。また、「内側」とは、所定の範囲において中心に寄った方をいう。「外側」とは、所定の範囲において中心から遠い方をいう。図1において、右側をR、左側をL、図1における手前側を前方f、図1における向こう側を後方rで表すものとする。
軌条2は、図8に示すように、複数(本実施形態では、四つで一列、A区およびB区の二グループ)のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが並べられたX方向に沿って延在し、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPを挟んで両側方の地面上に一対設けられている。軌条2は、例えば、鉄製部材により形成され、上面が長手方向に沿って連続して開口する凹溝2aが形成された溝レールである。軌条2は、例えば、複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが並べられた方向(X方向)に沿って地面に並べられた、例えばH形鋼製部材からなる複数の枕木2bに、下端部が固定されている。凹溝2aの形状および寸法は、後述する構造枠3のタイヤ41fR,41fL,41rR,41rLが凹溝2aに沿って転動するように設けられている。
構造枠3は、例えば、夫々山形鋼製部材により形成され、構造枠本体部3aと副支持部材部3bとを有している。構造枠本体部3aは、支柱3a1と横架部材3a2と下部横部材3a3と上部横部材3a4とを備えている。構造枠3は、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの両側の軌条2上に移動可能に支持され、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの上面を囲むように配置されて全体として門型に形成されている。
移動装置4は、図1に示すように、タイヤ41fR,41fL,41rR,41rL、電動駆動モータ42、トルク伝達装置43および制御装置40を備えている。
下部横部材3a3と下部横架副部材3b4と(図2を参照)には、二対の軸受部41aが夫々設けられている。各軸受部41aには、Y方向に延在する回転軸41bR,41bLを備えたタイヤ41fR,41fL,41rR,41rLが回転自在に支持されている。タイヤ41fR,41fL,41rR,41rLは、例えば、中実タイプのゴム製タイヤである。タイヤ41fR,41fL,41rR,41rLは、軌条2の凹溝2aに入り込み、軌条2の延在する方向に沿って転動する。平行に配置された回転軸41bR,41bLの一方の(図1において右側、図3において右側前方)回転軸41bRには、第一従動スプロケット43b1が一体に固定されている。
支柱3a1の下端部と傾斜縦部材3b1R,3b1Lの下端部とは、基礎横部材3cにより連結されている。
支持フレーム3dは、基部支持フレーム3d1と先端部支持フレーム3d2と横支持フレーム3d3と(図5参照)、傾斜支持フレーム3d4とを備えている(図1参照)。
先端部支持フレーム3d2には、図略の係合金具が設けられている。係合金具は、被接触部3fR,3fL(後述)に設けられた被係合金具に係合して、被接触部3fR,3fLをY方向にスライド可能にかつ固定可能に支持するよう構成されている。
上部梁部材3b21に設けられる平行リンク機構9と、下部梁部材3b22に設けられる平行リンク機構9とは、同様な構造であるため、上部梁部材3b21の平行リンク機構9で代表して説明する。
上部梁部材3b21には、例えば、山形鋼部材から形成された一対の前方および後方の垂下リンク部材9af,9arの上端部が連結軸9a1により所定間隔L2をおいて回動可能に連結されている。垂下リンク部材9af,9arの下端部には、長方形状の支持板9bUが、連結軸9dによって回動自在に連結されている。垂下リンク部材9af,9arは、傾斜横部材3b2Lに対し直角に交わる仮想平面(傾斜縦部材3b1R,3b1Lに平行な平面)内で回動するように構成されている。連結軸9dの中心間の距離L1と、支持板9bUに対向する上部梁部材3b21の所定間隔L2(連結軸9a1の中心間の距離L2)とは、同じ長さで形成されている。また、対となった垂下リンク部材9af,9arも、同じ長さ寸法で形成されている。これらによって、平行リンク機構9が構成されている。上部梁部材3b21の所定間隔L2の部分が、平行リンク機構9の固定節に相当する。
垂下リンク部材9a(9af,9ar)には、後述する回転ブラシ5を、洗浄対象となるソーラーパネルSPから上方へ離間させて保持する退避装置9cが設けられている。退避装置9cは、垂下リンク部材9af,9arを図4において右側(後方側)に揺動させる場合に使用される後方退避位置と、垂下リンク部材9af,9arを図4において左側(前方側)に揺動させる場合に使用される前方退避位置とを備えている。
回転ブラシ5は、図3に示すように、第一回転支軸51と第二回転支軸52とブラシフレーム57と第一ブラシ部53と第二ブラシ部54と第三ブラシ部55とを備えている。第一回転支軸51と第二回転支軸52とは、X方向に対して直交する方向に延在する回転中心を有している。第一回転支軸51と第二回転支軸52は、互いに平行に配置されている。
下部梁部材3b22側における前方側の軸受部58と第二中間軸受部582との間には、第三ブラシ部55が設けられている。第三ブラシ部55は、第二回転支軸52の半径方向に突出するとともに第一ブラシ部53と一部が重なるように軸方向に所定の幅で円柱状に形成されている。第三ブラシ部55は、第一ブラシ部53と同様のロールブラシである。
捕水部6は、図2に示すように、構造枠3の四本の支柱3a1の間の上部に形成される天井部3a5に設けられる。捕水部6は、例えば、可撓性のある塩化ビニル製波状板部材で形成され、天井部3a5に横臥されるとともにX方向の中央部に凹部6aが形成されるように湾曲されている。Y方向に沿って切断した場合の断面が波状となっている。凹部6aには、図1に示すように、Y方向に並ぶ複数(本実施形態では、四つ)の貫通穴が設けられ、注水部7が形成されている。注水部7の貫通穴は、回転ブラシ5の第一ブラシ部53、第二ブラシ部54および第三ブラシ部55に沿って対向するように夫々配置されている。
架台8は、図1に示すように、設置面GDに固定支持される固定支持部材83と、固定支持部材83に支持される水平支持枠82と、水平支持枠82に設けられる支持軸84と、支持軸84に回動可能に支持されるパネル支持部材85と、パネル支持部材85を所定の傾斜角度位置でパネル支持部材85の回動を停止させるストッパ部材86R,86Lと、を備えている。
回動棒部材851f,851rの夫々の両端部側には、係止装置としてのストッパ部材86R,86Lが設けられている。ストッパ部材86R,86Lは、夫々対向して配置される1対の長板状部861R,861Lと、長板状部861R,861Lの先端部をX方向に連結する連結部材862と、を有している。連結部材862は、例えば、山形鋼製部材が使用される。ストッパ部材86R,86Lの長板状部861R,861Lの基端部は、図1および図6に示すように、回動棒部材851f,851rにピン860によって回動自在に連結されている。
右側のストッパ部材86Rの先端部を連結する連結部材862と左側のストッパ部材86Lの先端部を連結する連結部材862には、支持金具865に支持された車軸867に回転自在に支持された車輪866R,866Lが夫々設けられている。車輪866R,866Lは、連結部材862のX方向の中央部に、下方に突出するように夫々設けられている。車輪866R,866Lは、連結部材862を介してストッパ部材86R,86Lに対して、相対移動不能に支持されている。車輪866R,866Lは、Y方向に水平に延在する面(後述する被接触部3fR,3fLの円弧面3f1)に接触し、ストッパ部材86R,86Lを回動するよう構成されている。支持金具865、車軸867および車輪866R,866Lによって接触部が構成される。
接触部(支持金具865,車輪866R,866L、車軸867)および被接触部3fR,3fLにより主に係止装置操作部が構成される。
ソーラーパネルの洗浄システム1は、複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが、X方向に沿って四列ずつ並べられ、2グループに分けて配置されている。ソーラーパネルユニットUSPが並べられた各列の両側に、該列に平行に軌条2が配置されている。ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの隣接する列と列との間には、軌条2が一列だけ設けられている。ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの或る列をソーラーパネル洗浄装置が洗浄作業をする際に使用する軌条2のうち、或る列とその列に隣接する列との間の軌条は、その列に隣接する列を洗浄装置が洗浄作業を行なう際に兼用するようになっている。
交差軌条101は、四列ずつの2グループの間であって、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの列に沿って夫々設けられた軌条2に直角なようにY方向に延在させて一対設けられている。各交差軌条101は、例えば、鉄製部材により形成され、上面が長手方向に沿って連続して開口する凹溝101aが形成された溝レールである。交差軌条101は、例えば、Y方向に沿って地面に並べられたコンクリート製の複数の枕木101bに、下端部が固定されている。凹溝101aの形状および寸法は、後述する搭載台102の車輪が凹溝101aに沿って転動可能なように設けられている。
搭載台102は、交差軌条101上を移動して搭載レール102bをソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMが可動している列の軌条2に整列させる。そして、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを搭載台102に搭載する。次に、車輪102cを回転させて洗浄作業を予定する他の列の軌条2に整列させ、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWM(構造枠3)を新たに整列させた軌条2に移動させる。交差軌条101側の各軌条2に対応する位置には、搭載台102の位置を検知する位置センサ60が設けられ、交差軌条101上の搭載台102の位置を検知して制御装置40に送信するようになっている。例えば、搭載台101が移動して搭載レール102bが軌条2に整列した場合に、電動モータによる駆動をOFFにする。
ソーラーパネルの洗浄システム1の作動には、ソーラーパネルSPを洗浄するための作動と、架台8の傾斜角度を変更するための作動と、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを他の列に変更するレーンチェンジのための作動とがある。
ソーラーパネルSPの洗浄は、雨水を捕水部6で貯めて洗浄に使用するため雨の日に実施する。洗浄作業の際、作業者は、ソーラーパネルSPの傾斜角度が、回転ブラシ5の傾斜角度(本実施形態では10度)と一致しているか確認する。なお、ソーラーパネルSPの傾斜角度が回転ブラシ5の傾斜角度と一致していない場合には、後述する傾斜角度変更を先に実施する。
制御装置は、電動モータ56に通電して回転ブラシ5を回転させる。制御装置は、移動装置4の電動駆動モータ42に通電してタイヤ41fR,41fLを回転させてソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを軌条2に沿って移動させる。
次に、制御装置は、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを、軌条2に沿って隣接するソーラーパネルユニットUSPに移動させて、同様に洗浄する。
まず、平行リンク機構9の退避装置9cを使用して、図4に示すように、例えば、垂下リンク部材9aを右側に揺動させて、後方の垂下リンク部材9arの係止板部材9c1rを前方の垂下リンク部材9afの被係止突起9c2fに係合させる。これによって、回転ブラシ5を上方に移動させて、ソーラーパネルSPに回転ブラシ5が当接しないように退避させる。
例えば、10度傾斜したソーラーパネルSPを水平に傾動させる場合、図1において、左側の被接触部3fLを角度変更実行位置EPに位置決めする。右側の被接触部3fRは退避位置RPに位置決めする。
この際に、図示はしないが、架台8の右側において、右側のストッパ部材86Rの係合凹部863Rが第一横部材821に係合する。これによって、回動棒部材851fを水平位置に位置決めし、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPは、水平位置に保持される。同様にして、軌条2に沿って隣接するソーラーパネルユニットUSPは、傾動されて水平に保持される。
次に、図10に示すように、四列ずつA区、B区に分かれて配置された複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPを、レーンチェンジして洗浄する場合について説明する。
まず、全てのソーラーパネルユニットUSPは、洗浄可能な10度の角度に保持されている。そして、ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMは、A区の第3列の一端部(図10において上端部)に配置されている。
次に、制御装置は、電動駆動モータ42を駆動し、タイヤ41fR,41fLを回転させてソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを、A区の第2列に配置する。そして、A区の第2列のソーラーパネルユニットUSPの洗浄を行う。
以下、同様にしてソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWMを配置する列の変更を行いながら、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPの洗浄を行う。
これによると、架台8に支持され複数並べられたソーラーパネルユニットUSPの傾斜角度を構造枠3を移動するだけで容易に変更することができる。
これによると、構造枠3の移動に伴って移動する被接触部3fR,3fLにより、架台8の片方の端部側に設けられた車輪866R,866Lのいずれかを上昇させるという簡素な構造により、架台8に支持されたソーラーパネルユニットUSPの傾斜角度を変更することができる。
これによると、平行リンク機構9の一部と回転ブラシ5との重量だけでソーラーパネルユニットUSPに回転ブラシ5を接触させることができ、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPに対して回転ブラシ5を一定な角度で接触させることができる。そのため、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPに偏った荷重を負荷することなく、安定した洗浄作業を行なうことができる。
これによると、回転ブラシ5をソーラーパネルユニットUSPから離間させて保持することで、洗浄を行わずに構造枠3(ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWM)を移動させたいときに、迅速に移動させることができる。
これによると、構造枠3の天井部3a5で囲まれる投影面積分という広い面積に降る雨水を捕水することで、潤沢な洗浄水を供給することができる。また、捕水された雨水の重量は、構造枠3で受けるので、ソーラーパネルユニットUSPに負荷をかけることが無く、ソーラーパネルSPの変形や損傷を防止することができる。
これによると、複数のソーラーパネルユニットUSPが複数の列で並べられている場合において、トラバーサ装置10によって構造枠3(ソーラーパネル洗浄装置PWM)をソーラーパネルユニットUSPの他の列に迅速かつ確実に移動させることができる。
また、第一・第二・第三ブラシ部53,54,55を、ポリプロピレン製の直毛が半径方向に多数本突出したものとしたが、これに限定されず、例えば、スポンジ材、布材等で形成されたものでもよい。
Claims (8)
- 一列に並べられた複数のソーラーパネルと、
前記複数のソーラーパネルの並べられた方向に沿って延在し、前記ソーラーパネルを挟んで両側に設けられた一対の軌条と、
前記ソーラーパネルの両側の前記軌条上に移動可能に支持され前記ソーラーパネルの上面を囲むように配置される門型の構造枠と、
前記構造枠を前記軌条に沿って移動させる移動装置と、
前記構造枠に設けられ、前記複数のソーラーパネルが並べられた方向に対して交差する方向に延在する回転中心を備え、前記ソーラーパネルの上面に接触可能に配置された回転ブラシと、
前記構造枠に設けられ前記回転ブラシを回転させる駆動装置と、
前記構造枠の上面に広がって設けられ、降雨の際の雨水を集める捕水部と、
前記捕水部により集められた雨水を前記回転ブラシに注ぐ注水部と、
を備えたソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。 - 前記複数のソーラーパネルが並べられた方向に対して直交する仮想平面内で傾動可能に前記ソーラーパネルを支持する架台をさらに備え、
前記架台は、前記架台の傾動を複数の係止位置で係脱可能に係止させる係止装置を備え、
前記構造枠と前記架台との間に設けられ、前記移動装置による前記構造枠の移動に連動して前記係止装置で係止された係止位置を他の係止位置である次期係止位置に移動させる係止装置操作部を備えた請求項1に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。 - 前記係止装置操作部は、
前記架台の片方の端部側に設けられた接触部と、
前記構造枠に設けられ前記構造枠の移動に伴って前記接触部に接触して前記接触部を上昇させることで前記架台を傾動させる傾斜接触面を備えた被接触部と、
を備えた請求項2に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。 - 前記回転ブラシは、固定節が前記構造枠に固定され前記構造枠の移動方向に沿って平行移動する平行リンク機構により、前記構造枠から揺動自在に垂下されている請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。
- 前記平行リンク機構には、前記回転ブラシを前記ソーラーパネルから離間させて保持する退避装置が設けられている請求項4に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。
- 前記捕水部は、前記構造枠の天井部で囲まれる投影面積分を捕水する請求項1または2に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。
- 前記回転ブラシは、互いに平行に並べられ回転自在に支持された第一回転支軸と第二回転支軸とを備え、
前記第一回転支軸の中央部には、前記第一回転支軸の半径方向に突出するとともに軸方向に所定の幅で形成された第一ブラシ部が設けられ、
前記第二回転支軸の一方の端部側には、前記第二回転支軸の半径方向に突出するとともに前記第一ブラシ部と一部が重なるように軸方向に所定の幅で形成された第二ブラシ部が設けられ、
前記第二回転支軸の他方の端部側には、前記第二回転支軸の半径方向に突出するとともに前記第一ブラシ部と一部が重なるように軸方向に所定の幅で形成された第三ブラシ部が設けられた請求項4に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。 - 前記複数のソーラーパネルが複数の列で並べられている場合において、
前記複数のソーラーパネルの前記列に夫々設けられた前記軌条に直交する一対の交差軌条と、
前記構造枠を搭載するとともに前記交差軌条上を移動して、搭載した前記構造枠をいずれか他の列の前記軌条に整列させる搭載台と、
を備えたトラバーサ装置を、
さらに備える請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のソーラーパネルの洗浄システム。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP7142831B2 (ja) | 2022-09-28 |
JPWO2020003461A1 (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
EP3817222A1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
EP3817222B1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
US20210265944A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
EP3817222A4 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
CN112272919A (zh) | 2021-01-26 |
AU2018429591A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
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