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WO2020088503A1 - 光源备份方法、装置以及系统 - Google Patents

光源备份方法、装置以及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088503A1
WO2020088503A1 PCT/CN2019/114266 CN2019114266W WO2020088503A1 WO 2020088503 A1 WO2020088503 A1 WO 2020088503A1 CN 2019114266 W CN2019114266 W CN 2019114266W WO 2020088503 A1 WO2020088503 A1 WO 2020088503A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light source
port
optical
light
mmi coupler
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/114266
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许奔波
赵家霖
董振
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19878188.2A priority Critical patent/EP3866355B1/en
Publication of WO2020088503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088503A1/zh
Priority to US17/245,958 priority patent/US11451301B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/03—Arrangements for fault recovery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G02F1/31—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching
    • G02F1/313—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching in an optical waveguide structure
    • G02F1/3136—Digital deflection, i.e. optical switching in an optical waveguide structure of interferometric switch type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0287—Protection in WDM systems
    • H04J14/0297—Optical equipment protection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J2001/4247—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors for testing lamps or other light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
    • G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/2935—Mach-Zehnder configuration, i.e. comprising separate splitting and combining means
    • G02B6/29352—Mach-Zehnder configuration, i.e. comprising separate splitting and combining means in a light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3598—Switching means directly located between an optoelectronic element and waveguides, including direct displacement of either the element or the waveguide, e.g. optical pulse generation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical devices, and in particular, to a light source backup method, device, and system.
  • Optical network equipment includes key components such as optical transmitters, receivers, wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexers.
  • the optical transmitter and receiver are usually packaged into a module, called the optical module.
  • Silicon optical technology has the advantage of high integration, especially in the realization of multi-channel optoelectronic devices, it has the advantages of low power consumption and low packaging cost. Therefore, silicon photonics technology is considered to be one of the important trends in the development of next-generation optoelectronic devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a light source switching solution to achieve more economical replacement of failed components.
  • the present application provides a light source switching device.
  • the device includes a first multimode interference (MMI) coupler, a second MMI coupler and a phase modulator, where:
  • the first MMI coupler includes a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port, wherein the first port and the second port are located on one side of the first MMI coupler, so The third port and the fourth port are located on the other side of the first MMI coupler;
  • the second MMI coupler includes a fifth port, a sixth port, and a seventh port, wherein the fifth port And the sixth port is located on one side of the second MMI coupler, and the seventh port is located on the other side of the second MMI coupler;
  • the first port and the second port are in one-to-one correspondence with the fifth port and the sixth port to form two pairs of connections, and the phase modulator is disposed on any one of the two pairs of connections ,
  • the seventh port is used to connect an optical modulator
  • Both the third port and the fourth port are used to connect a light source that outputs continuous light energy, and the phase modulator is used to select one from the two light sources connected to the third port and the fourth port, from The seventh port is output.
  • the device further includes a light source, the light source is connected to one of the third port and the fourth port, the device further includes an optical interface, and the optical interface is used for Connect an external light source.
  • This design is a built-in light source and an external light source design. When an external light source fails, it can be temporarily replaced with a lower cost light source built into the light source switching device. After the new light source module replaces the failed light source, switch back to the new external light source.
  • This technical solution can greatly improve the reliability of the light source.
  • the overall cost of the solution is relatively low.
  • the device in another possible design, includes two light sources, and the two light sources are respectively connected to the third port and the fourth port.
  • This design is the design of two built-in light sources. The advantage of this design is that when one light source fails, it can be replaced with another light source. That is, these two light sources are backups for each other. Only when both light sources fail, the entire system needs to be replaced. This technical solution not only improves the reliability of the light source, but also guarantees a lower cost than the previous two solutions.
  • the device further includes two optical interfaces, both of which are used to connect an external light source.
  • This design is the design of two external light sources. The advantage of this design is that when one light source fails, it can be replaced with another light source. At the same time, you can also replace the failed light source to continue to maintain the validity of the light source backup.
  • the device further includes a photodetector
  • the second MMI coupler further includes an eighth port
  • the eighth port and the seventh port are located in the second MMI coupler On the same side, the photodetector is connected to the eighth port.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for light source backup, which is applied to an optical device.
  • the optical device includes two light sources, a first multimode interference (MMI) coupler, a second MMI coupler, a phase modulator, and an optical modulator, wherein: the two light sources are used to output continuous light energy
  • the first MMI coupler includes a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port and the second port are located on one side of the first MMI coupler, The third port and the fourth port are located on the other side of the first MMI coupler;
  • the second MMI coupler includes a fifth port, a sixth port, and a seventh port, wherein the fifth The port and the sixth port are located on one side of the second MMI coupler, and the seventh port is located on the other side of the second MMI coupler;
  • the two light sources and the first port are The second port is connected; the third port and the fourth port are in one-to-one correspondence with the fifth port
  • the method includes:
  • a ⁇ -phase signal is output to the phase modulator, so that the continuous light output by the other light source can enter the light modulator.
  • the another light source, the first MMI coupler, the second MMI coupler, and the phase modulator are placed in a silicon optical chip, and the working light source is placed outside The silicon optical chip.
  • the working light source, the two MMI couplers, the phase modulator, and the light modulator are placed in a silicon optical chip, and the other light source is external For the silicon optical chip.
  • the first MMI coupler, the second MMI coupler, and the phase modulator are placed in a silicon optical chip, and the two light sources are placed outside the silicon Optical chip.
  • the two light sources, the first MMI coupler, the second MMI coupler, and the phase modulator are placed in a silicon optical chip.
  • the silicon optical chip further includes the optical modulator.
  • the detection of the failure of the working light source among the two light sources includes:
  • the working light source When it is detected that the current of the working light source is less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the working light source is invalid; or, a photodetector is provided on the back of the two light sources to detect the working light source When the optical power of the optical energy output by the connected photodetector is less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the working light source is invalid.
  • the silicon optical chip further includes a photodetector
  • the second MMI coupler further includes an eighth port
  • the eighth port and the seventh port are located on the second On the same side of the MMI coupler
  • the light detector is connected to the eighth port
  • the detection of the failure of the working light source among the two light sources includes:
  • the method further includes: replacing the failed light source with another light source.
  • the method further includes outputting a ⁇ -phase signal to the phase modulator so that the light output by the further light source can enter the light modulator.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical communication system.
  • the system includes a light source switching device, an optical connector, an electrical connector, and a light source module as described in the specific design including at least one external light source in the first aspect, wherein:
  • the light source module includes a light source, an optical interface, and an electrical interface, and the light source module is connected to the optical interface of the light source switching device through the optical connector, and the light source is used to provide continuous light source input for the light source switching device ;
  • the light source module, the optical connector, and the electrical connector are detachable connections based on a panel
  • optical interface and the electrical interface of the light source module have the same orientation.
  • the optical communication system further includes a power beam splitter, and the power beam splitter is used to divide one light energy output by the light source module into a plurality of light energy.
  • the quantity of output light energy of the light source module is increased, and the system cost is reduced.
  • the light source module further includes a power beam combiner, and the power beam splitter is used to combine the light energy output by the multiple light sources into one light energy.
  • a power beam combiner is used to combine the light energy output by the multiple light sources into one light energy.
  • the optical connector and the electrical connector are integrated photoelectric connectors.
  • the integrated photoelectric connector can be processed in the last molding, reducing the tolerances caused by the assembly of various limiters.
  • it also has advantages in mechanical strength, thus ensuring the accuracy, repeatability and stability of multiple insertion and removal.
  • the system further includes one or more of an optical modulator, an optical multiplexer, and an optical demultiplexer.
  • the light source switching scheme disclosed in the embodiments of the present application realizes light source switching by controlling the phase modulator, thereby achieving fast light source replacement.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible optical communication device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3a is a schematic diagram of a possible optical interface and electrical interface of the light source module shown in FIG. 2;
  • 3b is a schematic diagram of another possible optical interface and electrical interface of the light source module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of another possible optical interface and electrical interface of the light source module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 3d is a schematic diagram of yet another possible optical interface and electrical interface of the light source module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of another light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic structural diagram of yet another light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of yet another light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic structural diagram of an optical communication device including a light source module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7b is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection between the light source module and the photoelectric connector in FIG. 7a;
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic structural view of the photoelectric connector in FIG. 7a;
  • FIG. 8b is another schematic structural view of the photoelectric connector in FIG. 7b;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source switching device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10a is a schematic structural diagram of a light source switching system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10b is a schematic structural diagram of another light source switching system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10c is a schematic structural diagram of yet another light source switching system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for switching light sources according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another light source switching device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a light source switching system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device forms and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art may know that, with the evolution of device shapes and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the technical solution proposed in this application can be applied to different business scenarios, including but not limited to: backbone optical transmission network, optical access network, short-distance optical interconnection, and wireless service fronthaul / backhaul.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible optical communication device.
  • the device 100 is composed of a chassis 101 and a board 102.
  • the chassis 101 has one or more slots for fixing the single board 102.
  • the board 102 has an electrical connector 103 for connecting the electrical interface of the optical module.
  • an optical communication device includes one or more types of single boards to complete functions such as processing, transmission, and exchange of customer service data.
  • the optical module is one of the important components of the optical communication equipment, and is used to realize that the customer service data is carried on the optical signal for transmission and / or the customer service data is parsed from the optical signal.
  • TOSA Transmitter Optical Subassembly
  • an optical module When an optical module has only the function of receiving optical signals and performing detection, it is generally called an optical receiving submodule (Receiver Optical Subassembly, ROSA).
  • Optical modules with both sending and receiving functions are called Bi-Directional Optical Sub-Assembly (BOSA).
  • BOSA Bi-Directional Optical Sub-Assembly
  • one end of the optical module is an electrical connection port, which is used to connect with the electrical connection port on the board, and the opposite side is an optical interface, which is used to connect optical fibers to achieve connection with other optical communication devices in the network , Or the connection between different boards of the same device.
  • the electrical interface of the optical module is also commonly known as gold finger. This application mainly involves TOSA or BOSA.
  • the number of boards included in an optical communication device may be one or more; the number of electrical connections on a board is set according to specific needs, and this application does not make any restrictions. It should also be noted that those skilled in the art can know that in the field of optical device technology, the module has an independent package.
  • the optical module usually works by inserting the electrical connector 103 on the single board 102. Once the optical module fails, the normal working state of the optical communication device can be restored by pulling out the failed optical module and replacing it with a new optical module.
  • This method is mainly suitable for optical modules with a low number of channels, for example: single channel or dual channel.
  • the number of channels of optical modules is gradually increasing, for example, to 8 channels or even 16 channels.
  • the traditional solution of directly discarding failed optical modules has certain limitations. First of all, after the number of channels increases, the number of components (for example, optical modulators) in the corresponding optical module should also increase correspondingly, thereby increasing the cost of the optical module, so the discarding cost is greatly increased compared with before.
  • the failure rates of different components of the optical module are quite different, so the components with higher failure rates have become the bottleneck of the optical module life.
  • the failure rate of the light source in the optical module is significantly higher than other components of the optical module (for example: optical modulator, multiplexer or demultiplexer, etc.)
  • the failure of the light source will become the main reason for the failure of the optical module.
  • encapsulating different components into a module results in an increase in the operating temperature of the components in the module and shortens the life of the components (especially the light source). Therefore, a more efficient solution is urgently needed to solve the technical problems facing the current solution.
  • the optical modulator is used to load an electrical signal to optical energy and output optical energy with signal (also called optical signal).
  • signal also called optical signal
  • the specific form in which the electrical signal is loaded into the light energy can change the phase and amplitude of the light energy.
  • the multiplexer is used to combine optical signals of different wavelengths into one optical signal.
  • the demultiplexer is used to split an optical signal containing multiple wavelengths into multiple single wavelength optical signals.
  • This application proposes an unconventional technical solution to solve the above problems. Specifically, this application proposes a separate light source module.
  • the light source module 200 includes a light source 201, a substrate 202, an optical interface 203 and an electrical interface 204.
  • the light source 201 and the electrical interface 204 are placed on the substrate 202.
  • the electrical interface 204 is used to power the light source 201.
  • the optical interface 203 is used to output continuous light energy and is coupled to the light source 201.
  • the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 face the same direction.
  • the light source module 200 is a detachable connection based on a panel.
  • the placement of the light source 201 on the substrate 202 means that there is physical contact between the two, for example, electrical connection, which is used to realize power supply and monitoring management of the light source.
  • the substrate is a PCB board, including circuits, small central processing units and inductive components.
  • the light source 201 may be a laser (Laser Diode, LD), and the continuous light energy output is a laser.
  • the light source 201 may be a light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, LED), which outputs ordinary continuous light energy.
  • both the optical interface and the electrical interface have an opening direction, and are used to implement interface connection with other devices.
  • the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 face the same direction means that the opening directions of the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 are the same.
  • FIG. 7a please refer to the related description in FIG. 7a, which will not be repeated here.
  • the detachable connection of the light source module 200 based on the panel means that the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 for connecting with other devices are detachable connections based on the panel.
  • the detachable connection based on the panel means that the light source module can be inserted into a single board panel, so that the light source module can be connected to the optical communication device for normal operation; alternatively, it can be removed from the single board panel to achieve the replacement of the light source module Or position replacement.
  • the concept of the panel is a concept that can be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here. In addition, it can be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing shown in FIG. 7a.
  • the optical interface and the electrical interface are used to simultaneously insert or remove a photoelectric connector to complete the connection of the light source module and the photoelectric connector more quickly.
  • the electrical interface is inserted into the photoelectric connector before the optical interface. In doing so, the initial optical interface positioning can be performed by inserting the electrical interface to ensure the alignment accuracy of the optical interface.
  • the optical interface 203 may provide an optical path through an optical fiber or an optical waveguide, so as to realize coupling between the optical interface 203 and the light source 201, and guide continuous light energy emitted by the light source 201 to be output from the optical interface 203.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the structure of the light source module without the package.
  • those skilled in the art may know that, in actual use, the light source module is encapsulated.
  • FIGS. 3a-3d that is, side views of the light source module (see the side view direction shown in FIG. 2).
  • the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 are located on the same side of the substrate 202. Specifically, taking the substrate 203 as the horizontal position shown in FIG. 3a as an example, the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 may be located on the upper side or the lower side of the substrate 203. The design of the photoelectric port on the same side can reduce the processing complexity of the light source module.
  • the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 are located on different sides of the substrate 202. Specifically, the optical interface 203 is located on the upper side of the substrate 202, and the electrical interface 204 is located on the lower side of the substrate. The converse is also possible.
  • the design of FIG. 3b makes the light source 201 and the optical interface and the electrical interface on different sides of the substrate, which is more conducive to heat dissipation of the light source, thereby improving the working life of the light source.
  • FIG. 3c there are multiple electrical interfaces (204a and 204b), which are located on both sides of the optical interface 203, respectively. It should be noted that all the interfaces shown in FIG. 3c are located on the same side of the substrate 202. In a specific design, the photoelectric interface may be located on different sides as shown in FIG. 3b.
  • optical interfaces 203a and 203b
  • the photoelectric interface may be located on different sides as shown in FIG. 3b.
  • FIGS. 3c and 3d can make the structure of the light source module more compact.
  • the photoelectric connector connected to the light source module can be better matched.
  • the replacement cost of the optical module is reduced.
  • the complexity of failure replacement is simplified.
  • the individually packaged light source module is no longer affected by other devices, its operating temperature is reduced, and the working life of the light source module is extended.
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of another light source module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the light source module 300 includes a light source (201a, 201b, and 201c), a substrate 202, an optical interface 203, an electrical interface 204, and lenses (205a and 205b).
  • the structural design of the light source, the substrate, the optical interface, and the electrical interface is similar to the related description of FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • One of the main differences from FIG. 2 is that a lens is placed between the optical interface 203 and the light source in this embodiment.
  • the light sources 201a, 201b and 201c are independent light sources.
  • the positional relationship between the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 is an example shown in FIG. 3c. It is understandable that the positional relationship of these two interfaces can be replaced with the other designs mentioned above.
  • the lenses 205a and 205b are used to focus the continuous light energy output by the light source and improve the output efficiency of the light energy.
  • the lens 205a is also used for channel multiplexing (that is, combining and outputting different wavelengths) from multiple light sources.
  • the number of lenses may be equal to the number of independent light sources.
  • a lens is used to focus the light energy output by a light source.
  • one lens can be used to focus multiple light sources.
  • the light source module is designed with 3 light sources and 2 lenses.
  • the lens that realizes multiplexing can also be replaced with other devices to achieve multiplexing.
  • Arrayed Waveguide Array AMG
  • a lens can also be placed between the light source and the combining device to achieve light energy focusing.
  • the light source module shown in FIG. 4a also has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the design of FIG. 4a includes a lens, which improves the light energy output efficiency of the light source module.
  • the light source module 400 includes a light source 201, a substrate 202, an optical interface 203, an electrical interface 204, and a lens 205.
  • the structural design of the light source 201, the substrate 202, the optical interface 203, and the electrical interface 204 is similar to the related description in FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • a lens is placed between the optical interface 203 and the light source 201.
  • the light source 201 is a light source array, which provides multiple channels of continuous light energy.
  • the positional relationship between the optical interface 203 and the electrical interface 204 is two sides separated on one side of the substrate. It is understandable that the positional relationship of these two interfaces can be replaced with the design of FIGS. 3a-3d.
  • a design method in which the optical interface is farther from the substrate than the electrical interface may be used, that is, the electrical interface and the optical interface are successively provided on the substrate. That is to say, the optical interface, the electrical interface and the substrate are superimposed together.
  • the lens 205 is a lens array, used for focusing the continuous light energy output by the light source, and improving the output efficiency of the light energy.
  • the number of lenses in the lens array may be equal to the number of channels of the light source array.
  • the lens array can also be replaced with multiple independent lenses as shown in FIG. 4a.
  • the number of independent lenses may be equal to the number of channels of the light source array. This application does not limit the design of the specific number of lenses.
  • a multiplexing device can also be added to achieve the combination of multiple wavelengths.
  • the light source module shown in FIG. 4b also has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the design of FIG. 4b includes a lens array, which improves the light energy output efficiency of the light source module.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of yet another light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the light source module 500 includes a light source (201a, 201b), a substrate 202, an optical interface 203, an electrical interface 204, and a power beam splitter (206a and 206b).
  • the structural design of the light source, the substrate 202, the optical interface 203, and the electrical interface 204 is similar to the related description in FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • the main difference from FIG. 2 is that the light source module in this embodiment includes a power beam splitter, which is placed between the light source and the optical interface.
  • the light sources 201a and 201b are independent light sources.
  • the light source module may be replaced with the light source array shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the power beam splitters 206a and 206b are used to split the continuous light energy output by the light source into multiple light energy.
  • two power beam splitters split the continuous light energy output by the corresponding light source into two light sources, and then output them through the optical interface.
  • the power beam splitter 206a decomposes the light energy output by the light source 201a into two light sources, and then outputs it through the optical interface 203.
  • the light sources 201a and 201b are continuous light energy capable of generating higher energy.
  • the number of light energy specifically split into one light energy can be determined according to the specific design, which is not limited in this application.
  • the advantage of this is that a light source module can be used to provide light energy to multiple devices, reducing system cost. It should be noted that multiple light energy is sometimes referred to as multiple light energy. Similarly, a light energy is sometimes referred to as a light energy.
  • the positional relationship between the optical interface and the electrical interface is that the optical interface is separated on both sides of the electrical interface.
  • this positional relationship can also be replaced by the design of FIGS. 3a-3c or other solutions mentioned in this application.
  • the light source module 500 may further include a lens or a lens array, which is placed behind the light source.
  • the light source module 500 may further include a multiplexing device. For details, please refer to the description of FIGS. 4a-4b, which will not be repeated here.
  • the light source module shown in FIG. 5a also has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the design of FIG. 5a includes a power beam splitter, which increases the amount of output light energy of the light source module and reduces the system cost.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth light source module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the light source module 600 includes a light source (201a-201d), a substrate 202, an optical interface 203, an electrical interface 204, and a power combiner (207a and 207b).
  • the structural design of the light source, the substrate 202, the optical interface 203, and the electrical interface 204 is similar to the related description in FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • the main difference from FIG. 2 is that the light source module in this embodiment includes a power beam combiner, which is placed between the light source and the optical interface.
  • the light sources 201a-201d are independent light sources.
  • the light source module may be replaced with the light source array shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the power combiners 207a and 207b are used to combine the continuous light energy output by the light source.
  • the two power beam splitters combine the continuous light energy output by the two light sources and output one light energy through the optical interface.
  • the power combiner 207a combines the light energy output from the light sources 201a and 201b into one light source, and then outputs it through the optical interface 203.
  • the light sources 201a and 201b are low-cost devices capable of generating continuous light energy, such as LEDs. The advantage of this is that the low-cost light source is used to form the light source module, which reduces the cost of the light source module itself.
  • the positional relationship between the optical interface and the electrical interface is the same as the relationship shown in FIG. 5a. In a specific implementation, this positional relationship can also be replaced with FIGS. 3a-3c or other designs mentioned in this application.
  • the light source module 500 may further include a lens or a lens array. For details, please refer to the description of FIGS. 4a-4b, which will not be repeated here.
  • the light source module shown in FIG. 5b also has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the design of FIG. 5b includes a power combiner, which reduces the cost of the light source module by using low-cost components.
  • the light source module 700 includes a light source 201, a substrate 202, an optical interface 203, an electrical interface 204, and a fixing device 208.
  • the optical interface 203 is an optical fiber
  • the structural design of the light source 201, the substrate 202, the optical interface 203, and the electrical interface 204 is similar to the related description of FIG. 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • the light source module in this embodiment includes a fixing device 208. This component is in direct contact with the optical interface 203 and is used to limit the optical interface.
  • the fixing device 208 is located in the package of the light source module, and it can be fixed to the substrate 202 by screws, snaps, or other methods.
  • the size of the fixing device 208 may be designed to match the housing (ie, package) of the light source module, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing.
  • the optical interface and electrical interface of the traditional optical module are designed on different sides, and are connected to the device board through the electrical interface. Therefore, the optical interface is usually fixed by an external, bulky adapter.
  • the light source module in this embodiment is designed with the fixing device in the package, and the volume is smaller.
  • the fixing device can realize the stable insertion and removal of the optical interface of the light source module and ensure the minimum loss of light source energy.
  • the position and size of the fixing device 208 shown in FIG. 6 are only examples.
  • the fixing device may have a larger area of contact with the optical interface.
  • the fixing device may directly contact the optical interface only on one side, and the position of the optical interface may be defined by working together with an external package.
  • FIG. 7b refers to the three-dimensional schematic diagram of FIG. 7b, and details are not described here.
  • the light source module shown in FIG. 6 also has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the design of FIG. 6 includes a fixing device, which improves the stability and docking performance of the optical interface of the light source module.
  • the above example structures of the six light source modules may further include a semiconductor refrigerator (ThermoElectric Cooler, TEC) temperature control circuit, so as to provide a stable working temperature for the light source, thereby further improving the service life of the light source module.
  • the circuit can be provided on the substrate.
  • the apparatus may be a communication device as shown in FIG. 1 or similar to FIG. 1, or a part of its components.
  • the optical communication device 800 includes a single board 803, a light source module 200, a photoelectric connector 801, and a silicon optical chip 802.
  • the single board 803 includes a panel 803a, and the light source module 200 realizes a pluggable connection with the photoelectric connector 801 through the opening in the panel 803a.
  • the insertion and extraction directions of the light source module 200 are shown in FIG. 7a.
  • this insertion and removal perpendicular to the panel 803a is only an example. In a specific design, it may also be designed to be inserted and removed at an oblique angle to the panel 803a, so that the insertion and removal operation is more convenient and simple.
  • the silicon optical chip 802 is connected to the optical interface in the photoelectric connector, so that the continuous light source provided by the light source module 200 can be obtained. It should be noted that the silicon optical chip 802 is optional. In the example of FIG. 7a, the orientations of the optical interface and the electrical interface of the light source module are the same, both are toward the substrate 803a.
  • the light source module 200 can be replaced with any one of the light source modules in FIGS. 4a-4b, FIGS. 5a-5b, and FIG.
  • the optical communication device may include a power combiner for combining the light energy output by the multiple light source modules 200 to provide continuous light energy for the silicon optical chip 802.
  • the optical communication device may include a power beam splitter, which is used to split the light energy output by the light source module 200 into a plurality of light energies to provide continuous light energy for different silicon optical chips 802, respectively.
  • the power combiner and the power splitter may be located on the single board 803, or integrated into the silicon optical chip 802, or a separate device (for example, an optical fiber device).
  • the silicon optical chip 802 includes an optical modulator and a wavelength division multiplexer.
  • the silicon optical chip 802 includes an optical modulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, and an optical detector.
  • the silicon optical chip 802 includes an optical modulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical detector, and a demultiplexing multiplexer.
  • the photodetector may be a photodiode (Photodiode, PD) or an avalanche diode (Avalanche Photodiode, APD).
  • the optical communication device 800 may further include a fixing device for fixing the optical interface part in the photoelectric connector, thereby implementing Limit to improve the docking accuracy of the optical interface of the root light source module.
  • Figure 7b shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection between the light source module and the optoelectronic connector.
  • the light source module 200 includes a fixing device 208a.
  • the fixing device 208a is used to limit the optical interface 203.
  • the photoelectric connector 801 includes an optical connector 8011 and a fixing device 8013. It should be noted that this schematic diagram only shows some components, and is only used to exemplify the possible form of the fixing device and the relative positional relationship of the object limited by it.
  • the photoelectric connector 801 may be a separate optical connector and electrical connector.
  • the optical connector is used to connect the optical interface of the light source module 200 and the optical interface of the silicon optical chip 802, so that the light source module 200 provides continuous light energy to the silicon optical chip 802.
  • the electrical connector is used to connect the electrical interface of the light source module 200, so as to realize the power supply to the light source module 200.
  • the photoelectric connector 801 may be an integrated device.
  • the integrated photoelectric connector can be processed in the last molding, reducing the tolerances caused by the assembly of various limiters. In addition, it also has advantages in mechanical strength, thus ensuring the accuracy, repeatability and stability of multiple insertion and removal.
  • 8a and 8b are schematic diagrams of two structures of the integrated photoelectric connector in FIG. 7a.
  • the integrated optoelectronic connector 801 includes a stacked optical connector 8011 and an electrical connector 8012.
  • the electrical connector 8012 is closer to the single board 803.
  • an integrated photoelectric connector can be made according to the design of the photoelectric connection port of the light source module.
  • the optical communication device shown in FIG. 8 uses an independently packaged light source module, which has the advantages of reducing replacement cost, extending the working life of the light source, and reducing replacement complexity.
  • the device includes an integrated photoelectric connector, the stability of the device can be improved.
  • the light source switching device 900 includes two multimode interference (MMI) couplers (901 and 902) and a phase modulator 903.
  • the light source switching device may be a chip.
  • the MMI coupler 901 includes 4 ports (ie, 904a-904d in FIG. 9), and the MMI coupler 902 includes 4 ports (ie, 905a-905d in FIG. 9). It should be noted that, in FIG. 9, the port 905b of the MMI coupler 902 is not necessary. That is, the MMI coupler may include only 3 ports.
  • the component connection relationship of the light source switching device 900 is as follows: the two ports (904d and 904c) on the same side of the MMI coupler 901 and the two ports (905d and 905c) on the same side of the MMI coupler 902 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • a phase modulator 903 is provided on one of the connection of the two pairs of ports (for example, the connection of 904d-905d). Alternatively, the phase modulator 903 may also be arranged on the connection of 904c-905c. It should be noted that a one-to-one connection refers to a port and another port forming a pair of connections. As shown in FIG. 9, port 904d is connected to port 905d, and port 904c is connected to port 905c.
  • a port (905a) on the other side of the MMI coupler 902 is used to connect the optical modulator.
  • the two ports (904a and 904b) on the other side of the MMI coupler 901 are used to connect a light source that outputs continuous light energy.
  • the phase modulator 903 is used to select one of the two ports (904a and 904b) on the other side of the MMI coupler 901 to output from the port (905a) on the other side of the second MMI coupler. That is to say, the phase modulator is used for light source selection, that is, the light energy input to one of the two ports is controlled from the port 905a.
  • the light source switching device shown in FIG. 9 realizes fast light source replacement by controlling the phase modulator to realize light source switching.
  • 10a, 10b and 10c are schematic structural diagrams of three light source switching systems provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • the system includes a light source module (200a and 200b), a light source switching device 900, and three optical interfaces (1001a, 1001b, and 1002).
  • the light source modules (200a and 200b) may specifically be any one of the foregoing light source module embodiments, and reference may be made to the specific description of the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the optical interfaces 1001a and 1001b are light source input interfaces, respectively used to connect two input ports of the light source module 200a and the light source 200b and the light source switching device 900.
  • the optical interface 1002 is a light source output port, which is used to select a suitable light source for the light modulator.
  • the two light sources are external light sources.
  • the advantage of this design is that when one light source fails, it can be replaced with another light source. At the same time, you can also replace the failed light source to continue to maintain the validity of the light source backup.
  • the system includes a light source module 200, a light source switching device 1000, and two optical interfaces (1001 and 1002).
  • the difference between the structure of the light source switching device 1000 and the light source switching device of FIG. 9 is that the light source switching device 1000 further includes a light source 1003. Specifically, one of the ports on the left side of the MMI coupler 901 is connected to the light source 1003.
  • the optical interface 1001 is a light source input interface for connecting to the light source module 200.
  • the optical interface 1002 is a light source output port for selecting a suitable continuous light source input for the light modulator.
  • the light source module 200 can be replaced with any other one of the foregoing light source module embodiments. For details, please refer to the related description, which is not repeated here.
  • one of the two light sources is an external light source and the other is an internal light source.
  • the advantage of this design is that when an external light source fails, it can be temporarily replaced with a lower cost light source built into the light source switching device. After the new light source module replaces the failed light source, switch back to the new external light source.
  • This technical solution can greatly improve the reliability of the light source.
  • the overall cost of the solution is relatively low.
  • the system includes built-in light sources (1003a and 1003b), a light source switching device 1100, and an optical interface 1002.
  • the light source switching device 1000 further includes two built-in light sources (1003a and 1003b).
  • two ports of the MMI coupler 1100 for connecting light sources (for example, 904a and 904b shown in FIG. 9) are connected to the light sources 1003a and 1003b, respectively.
  • the optical interface 1002 is a light source output port for selecting a suitable continuous light source input for the light modulator.
  • both of the light sources in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10c are built-in light sources.
  • the advantage of this design is that when one light source fails, it can be replaced with another light source. That is, these two light sources are backups for each other. Only when both light sources fail, the entire system needs to be replaced.
  • This technical solution not only improves the reliability of the light source, but also guarantees a lower cost than the previous two solutions.
  • FIGS. 10a-10c may be a device or a system composed of multiple devices, which is determined by a specific design, and is not limited in this application.
  • the system shown in FIG. 10c may be specifically implemented by one chip, or multiple chips.
  • the system shown in FIG. 10a is implemented by multiple devices, one of which is the light source module provided in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the system shown in FIGS. 10a-10c includes a power combiner for combining the light energy output by multiple light sources to provide continuous light energy for the light modulator.
  • the system shown in FIGS. 10a-10c includes a power beam splitter, which is used to split the light energy output by the light source into multiple light energies to provide continuous light for different light modulators.
  • the power combiner and the power splitter may be independent of the optical switching device or integrated into the device.
  • the targeted light source may be external or internal.
  • the system shown in FIGS. 10a-10c may further include a silicon optical chip.
  • the silicon optical chip includes an optical modulator and a wavelength division multiplexer.
  • the silicon optical chip includes an optical modulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, and an optical detector.
  • the silicon optical chip includes an optical modulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical detector, and a demultiplexing multiplexer.
  • the light detector may be PD or APD. It should be noted that the components described in this paragraph can also be combined into a chip as shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for switching light sources according to an embodiment of the present application. This method is applied to optical equipment.
  • the optical device includes two light sources, two MMI couplers, a phase modulator and an optical modulator. Among them, the connection relationship and possible implementation manners of the two light sources, the two MMI couplers and the phase modulator may be any of the related descriptions as shown in FIGS. 10a-10c, and will not be repeated here.
  • the light modulator is connected to the 1002 interface in FIGS. 10a-10c to obtain continuous light energy from one of the two light sources. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:
  • a photodetector can be connected to another port on the same side as the port to which the optical modulator is connected, for example, 905b in FIG. 9.
  • the light source switching device shown in FIG. 12 is used. It should be noted that the light source switching device shown in FIG. 12 is similar to FIG. 9, and specifically refer to the related description of FIG. 9. The difference between the device shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 9 is that the light monitor 906 is connected to the port 905b on the right side of the MMI detector in FIG.
  • the photodetector is used to detect the energy of the input light source (that is, the working light source). If it is detected that the current detected by the photodetector is less than the preset threshold, it can be determined that the working light source has failed.
  • a monitoring device can be directly provided for the two light sources.
  • a light detector may be provided on the back of each built-in light source (1003a and 1003b), that is, directly detecting whether the light source has light energy output. By continuously detecting the value of the light detector of the working light source, it can be judged whether the light source has failed. If the optical device includes an external light source as shown in FIG. 10a or 10b, you can determine whether the light source has failed by monitoring the optical output of the external light source module. For example, the way to connect a light detector through the optical output of the optical interface. In this implementation method, the specific failure determination method is similar to the previous specific implementation method, and will not be repeated here.
  • the working light source in order to further ensure the accuracy of the monitoring, can be determined only when the duration of the monitoring current is less than the preset threshold value must be greater than a preset value Failure.
  • the light source that provides continuous light energy to the light modulator is switched by controlling the input signal of the phase modulator. In this way, the rapid backup of the light source can be achieved, and the length of time that the optical device cannot work normally due to the failure of the light source can be shortened.
  • This step is optional. For the situation shown in Figure 10c, there is no need to perform this step. For Figures 10a and 10b, this step can be performed to ensure the validity of the light source backup.
  • a ⁇ -phase signal is output to the phase modulator, so that the light output by the further light source can enter the light modulator.
  • This step is optional. For the case shown in FIG. 10c, this step may not be performed.
  • this step can be performed to ensure that the working light source is an external light source. Doing so can extend the lifespan of the built-in light source, thereby extending its use as a short-term backup light source.
  • the light source 200a can always be used as the main light source, so the light source failure detection scheme can be simplified, that is, only the main light source is detected.
  • step 2004 may not be performed, and then it is necessary to configure photodetectors for the two light sources.
  • outputting a ⁇ -phase signal to the phase modulator mentioned in the previous step refers to outputting a level signal to the phase modulator, the level signal corresponding to the phase modulator ⁇ phase (that is, 180 degrees), that is, light entering the phase modulator undergoes ⁇ phase rotation.
  • the system 1200 includes a light source module 200, a light source switching device 900, and a silicon light chip 802.
  • the light source module 200 includes an optical interface and an electrical interface facing the same direction, and is a pluggable connection based on a panel.
  • the silicon optical chip 802 please refer to the introduction of FIG. 7a, and no more details will be given here.
  • the light source switching device 900 is used to select a suitable light source to provide continuous light energy for the silicon light chip 802. For a detailed description of it, please refer to the introduction of FIG. 9 and other related embodiments (as shown in FIGS. 10a-10c), which will not be repeated here.
  • connection between the light source module 200 and the light source switching device 900 may be achieved through a photoelectric connector.
  • a description of the photoelectric connector refer to the description about 801 in FIG. 7a, and details are not described here.
  • the system shown in FIG. 13 may further include a power combiner and / or a power splitter.
  • a power combiner and / or a power splitter may further include a power combiner and / or a power splitter.
  • the power combiner and the power splitter and the connection relationship with the existing components refer to the foregoing related embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • this application does not limit the number of components included in the system. It is only required that the system can provide two light sources, at least one of which is provided by the light source module 200. Other light sources may be provided by the light source module 200, or may be provided by a built-in light source built into the light source switching module 900.
  • the system can also include multiple identical components, and the connection relationship of different components can be designed according to specific needs. For example, one light source module 200 can provide light energy to multiple silicon light chips 802, and multiple light source switching devices and power beam splitters need to be configured. As another example, multiple light source modules 200 can provide light energy to one optical chip 802, and a power combiner needs to be configured.
  • an optical communication device may include multiple light source switching systems 1200 as shown in FIG. 13.

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Abstract

本申请揭示一种光源切换装置、方法和系统。在一种实现中，所述装置包括第一多模干涉(MMI)耦合器、第二MMI耦合器和相位调制器，其中：所述第一MMI耦合器包括四个端口，其中，第一和第二端口位于其一侧，第三和第四端口位于其另一侧；所述第二MMI耦合器包括三个端口，其中，第五和第六端口位于其一侧，第七端口位于其另一侧；所述第一和第二端口跟所述第五和所述第六端口一一对应连接，形成两对连接，所述相位调制器设置在所述两对连接的任一上，所述第七端口用于连接光调制器；所述第三和第四端口均用于连接输出连续光能的光源，所述相位调制器用于从所述两个光源中选择一个，从所述第七端口输出。本申请的光源切换装置，可实现快速光源模块切换。

Description

光源备份方法、装置以及系统
本申请要求于2018年11月2日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号201811298477.7、发明名称为“光源备份方法、装置以及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光器件领域，尤其涉及光源备份方法、装置以及系统。
背景技术
光网络设备包括如光发射机、接收机、波分复用和解复用器等关键器件。其中，光发射机和接收机通常会封装成一个模块，被称为光模块。硅光技术具有高集成度的优势，尤其在多通道的光电器件实现上，有功耗低和封装成本低等优势。因此，硅光技术被认为是下一代光电器件发展的重要趋势之一。
当前，解决光模块失效问题通常的技术手段是使用新的光模块来替换失效的光模块。但是，随着基于硅光技术的光模块包括的通道数在逐步增加，亟需一种更经济的替换方案。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一个光源切换方案，以实现更经济的失效组件替换。
第一方面，本申请提供一种光源切换装置。该装置包括第一多模干涉(MMI)耦合器、第二MMI耦合器和一个相位调制器，其中：
所述第一MMI耦合器包括第一端口、第二端口、第三端口和第四端口，其中，所述第一端口和所述第二端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第三端口和所述第四端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的另一侧；所述第二MMI耦合器包括第五端口、第六端口和第七端口，其中，所述第五端口和所述第六端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的另一侧；
所述第一端口和所述第二端口跟所述第五端口和所述第六端口一一对应连接，形成两对连接，所述相位调制器设置在所述两对连接的任意一对上，所述第七端口用于连接光调制器；
所述第三端口和所述第四端口均用于连接输出连续光能的光源，所述相位调制器用于从所述第三端口和所述第四端口连接的两个光源中选择一个，从所述第七端口输出。
在一种可能的设计中，所述装置还包括一个光源，所述光源连接所述第三端口和所述第四端口的其中一个，所述装置还包括一个光接口，所述光接口用于连接一个外置的光源。这种设计为一个内置光源和一个外置光源的设计。在一个外置的光源失效时，可以暂时替换为内置于光源切换装置的成本较低的光源。等新的光源模块替换了失效的光源后，再切换回新的外置光源。这个技术方案可以较大的提高光源的可靠性。此外，采用混合类型的光源类型，方案的整体成本相对比较低。
在另一可能的设计中，所述装置包括两个光源，所述两个光源分别连接所述第三端口和所述第四端口。这种设计为两个内置光源的设计。这么设计的好处是，在一个光源失效时，可以替换为另一个光源。即，这两个光源互为备份。只有在两个光源都失效时，才需要替换整个系统。这个技术方案在提升光源的可靠性的同时，还保证了相较于前两种方案 更低的成本。
在又一种可能的设计中，所述装置还包括两个光接口，所述两个光接口均用于连接外置的光源。这种设计为两个个外置光源的设计。这么设计的好处是，在一个光源发生故障时，可以替换为另外一个光源。与此同时，还可以对发生故障的光源进行替换，持续保持光源备份的有效性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述装置还包括一个光电检测器，所述第二MMI耦合器还包括第八端口，所述第八端口和所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的同一侧，所述光电检测器连接所述第八端口。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光源备份的方法，应用于光设备中。所述光设备包括两个光源，第一多模干涉(MMI)耦合器，第二MMI耦合器，一个相位调制器和一个光调制器，其中：所述两个光源用于输出连续的光能；所述第一MMI耦合器包括第一端口、第二端口、第三端口和第四端口，其中，所述第一端口和所述第二端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第三端口和所述第四端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的另一侧；所述第二MMI耦合器包括第五端口、第六端口和第七端口，其中，所述第五端口和所述第六端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的另一侧；所述两个光源分别和所述第一端口和所述第二端口连接；所述第三端口和所述第四端口跟所述第五端口和所述第六端口一一对应连接，形成两对连接；所述相位调制器设置在所述两对连接的任意一对上，所述第七端口连接所述光调制器；所述相位调制器用于从所述两个光源中选择一个为所述光调制器提供连续的光能；
所述方法包括：
检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效后，启动所述两个光源的另一光源；
向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述另一光源输出的连续光能进入所述光调制器。
在一种可能的设计中，所述另一光源、所述第一MMI耦合器、第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述正在工作的光源外置于所述硅光芯片。
在另一种可能的设计中，所述正在工作的光源、所述两个MMI耦合器、所述相位调制器和所述光调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述另一光源外置于所述硅光芯片。
在又一种可能的设计中，所述第一MMI耦合器、所述第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述两个光源均外置于所述硅光芯片。
在再一种可能的设计中，所述两个光源、所述第一MMI耦合器、所述第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中。
具体地，所述硅光芯片还包括所述光调制器。
在一种可能设计中，所述检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效包括：
检测到所述正在工作的光源的电流小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效；或者，所述两个光源的背面均设置有光检测器，检测到所述正在工作的光源连接的光检测器输出的光能的光功率小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效。
在另一种可能设计中，所述硅光芯片中还包括一个光检测器，所述第二MMI耦合器还包括第八端口，所述第八端口和所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的同一侧，所述光 检测器连接所述第八端口，所述检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效包括：
确定所述光检测器检测的电流是否小于预设的阈值；
当所述光检测器检测的电流小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效。
具体地，如果光设备中失效的光源为外置光源，那么，所述方法还包括：替换所述失效的光源为又一光源。在一种可能设计中，所述方法还包括：向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述又一光源输出的光能进入所述光调制器。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种光通信系统。该系统包括如第一方面中包含至少一个外置光源的具体设计所述的光源切换装置、光连接器、电连接器和光源模块，其中：
所述光源模块包括光源、光接口和电接口，所述光源模块通过所述光连接器和所述光源切换装置的光接口连接，所述光源用于为所述光源切换装置提供连续的光源输入；
所述光源模块和所述光连接器以及所述电连接器均为基于面板的可拆卸连接；
所述光源模块的所述光接口和所述电接口的朝向相同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述光通信系统还包括功率分束器，所述功率分束器用于将所述光源模块输出的一个光能分为多个光能。提升了光源模块的输出光能的数量，降低了系统成本。
在另一种可能的设计中，所述光源模块还包括功率合束器，所述功率分束器用于将多个所述光源输出的光能合并为一个光能。综合利用成本低廉的光源来组成光源模块，降低了光源模块本身的成本。
在一种可能设计中，所述光连接器和所述电连接器为集成的光电连接器。集成的光电连接器可以加工上一次成型，减少各种限位件组装带来的公差。此外，它在机械强度上也有优势，从而保证多次插拔的精度、可重复性和稳定度。
在一种可能设计中，所述系统还包括光调制器、光复用器和光解复用器的一个或多个。
本申请实施例揭示的光源切换方案通过控制相位调制器实现光源切换，从而实现快速光源替换。
附图说明
下面将参照所示附图对本申请实施例进行更详细的描述：
图1为一个可能的光通信设备结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种光源模块的结构示意图；
图3a为图2所示光源模块的一种可能的光接口和电接口的位置示意图；
图3b为图2所示光源模块的另一种可能的光接口和电接口的位置示意图；
图3c为图2所示光源模块的又一种可能的光接口和电接口的位置示意图；
图3d为图2所示光源模块的再一种可能的光接口和电接口的位置示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的另一种光源模块结构示意图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的又一种光源模块结构示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的再一种光源模块结构示意图；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的第五种光源模块结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的第六种光源模块结构示意图；
图7a为本申请实施例提供的一种包括光源模块的光通信装置的结构示意图；
图7b为图7a中光源模块和光电连接器连接的三维示意图；
图8a为图7a中针对光电连接器的一种结构示意图；
图8b为图7b中针对光电连接器的另一种结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种光源切换装置结构示意图；
图10a为本申请实施例提供的一种光源切换系统的结构示意图；
图10b为本申请实施例提供的另一种光源切换系统的结构示意图；
图10c为本申请实施例提供的再一种光源切换系统的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种光源切换的方法流程图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种光源切换装置结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一个光源切换系统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例描述的设备形态以及业务场景是为了更加清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，并不构成对本发明实施例提供的技术方案的限制。本领域普通技术人员可知，随着设备形态的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题同样适用。
本申请提出的技术方案可以适用于不同业务场景，包括但不限于：骨干光传输网络、光接入网络、短距离光互联和无线业务前传/回传等。
图1为一种可能的光通信设备结构示意图。如图1所示，该设备100由机框101和单板102组成。其中，机框101有一个或多个槽位，用于固定单板102。单板102上有电连接器103，用于连接光模块的电接口。通常地，光通信设备包括一种或多种类型的单板，以完成客户业务数据的处理、传输和交换等功能。光模块是光通信设备重要的组件之一，用于实现客户业务数据承载在光信号进行发送和/或从光信号中解析出客户业务数据。当一个光模块仅具备发送功能时，通常被称为光发射次模块(Transmitter Optical Subassembly，TOSA)。当一个光模块具备仅具备接收光信号并进行检测时，通常称为光接收次模块(Receiver Optical Subassembly，ROSA)。发送和接收两个功能均具备的光模块，则被称为光发射接收组件(Bi-Directional Optical Sub-Assembly，BOSA)。当前，光模块的一端为电连接口，用于跟单板上的电连接口进行连接，其相反的一侧为光接口，用于连接光纤，以实现和网络中的其他光通信设备的连接，或者同一设备的不同单板之间的连接。其中，光模块的电接口也俗称金手指。本申请主要涉及TOSA或BOSA。需要说明的是，除非有特殊限定，一个光通信设备包含的单板数可以为一个或多个；一个单板上的电连接口数根据具体需要设置，本申请不做任何限定。还需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可知，在光器件技术领域，模块具备一个独立的封装。
当前，光模块通常通过插入单板102上的电连接器103来进行工作。一旦光模块失效，可以通过拔出失效的光模块，替换为新的光模块的方式，来恢复光通信设备的正常工作状态。这种方式主要适用于通道数较低的光模块，例如：单通道或双通道。随着硅光技术的发展，光模块的通道数在逐渐增加，例如，增加到8通道，甚至是16通道。传统的直接丢弃失效光模块的方案存在一定局限性。首先，通道数增加后，对应光模块中的组件(例如，光调制器)的数量也要对应增加，从而使得光模块的成本增加，因此丢弃成本较以前大大 增加。其次，通过研究发现，光模块的不同组件的失效率存在较大差异，因此失效率较高的组件成为了光模块寿命的瓶颈。例如，光模块中的光源失效率明显高于光模块的其他组件(例如：光调制器、复用器或解复用器等)。因为通道数的增加，光源失效会成为光模块失效的主要原因。再次，将不同组件封装到一个模块中，导致了模块内组件的工作温度升高，缩减了组件(尤其是光源)的寿命。因此，亟需一种更高效的方案来解决当前方案所面临的技术问题。
需要说明的是，光调制器用于将电信号加载到光能，输出带信号的光能(亦可以称作光信号)。具体地，电信号加载到光能的具体形式，可以改变光能的相位、幅度等。复用器用于将不同波长的光信号合并为一路光信号。解复用器则用于将一路包含多波长的光信号拆分为多个单一波长的光信号。
需要说明的是，本申请的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以本申请未描述的顺序实施。“和/或”，用于描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系。例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例中。
还需要说明的是，除非特殊说明，一个实施例中针对一些技术特征的具体描述也可以应用于解释其他实施例提及对应的技术特征。例如，在一个实施例中关于光接口和电接口的设计举例，可以适用于其他所有实施例中的光接口和电接口。此外，为了更加明显地体现不同实施例中的组件的关系，本申请采用相同的附图编号来表示不同实施例中功能相同或相似的组件。
当前的光模块生产厂商受制于光模块的行业标准，没有提出更适合的替代方案。本申请提出了一种非常规的技术方案来解决上述问题。具体地，本申请提出了一种单独的光源模块。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种光源模块的结构示意图。如图2所示，该光源模块200包括光源201、基板202、光接口203和电接口204。光源201和电接口204置于基板202上。电接口204用于为光源201供电。光接口203用于输出连续的光能，和光源201耦合。光接口203和电接口204朝向同一方向。光源模块200为基于面板的可拆卸连接。
需要说明的是，光源201置于基板202上指的是两者有物理接触，例如：电连接，用于实现光源的供电和监控管理等。基板是PCB板，包括电路、小型的中央处理器和感抗元件等。
具体地，光源201可以是激光器(Laser Diode，LD)，输出的连续光能是激光。或者，光源201可以是发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)，输出普通的连续光能。
此外，本领域技术人员可知，光接口和电接口均有一个开口方向，用于和其他装置实现接口连接。具体地，光接口203和电接口204朝向同一方向指的是，光接口203和电接口204的开口方向的朝向相同。具体示例可以参看图7a相关的描述，此处不予赘述。
具体地，光源模块200为基于面板的可拆卸连接指的是，用于与其他装置连接的光接口203和电接口204是基于面板的可拆卸连接。基于面板的可拆卸连接指的是光源模块可以插入一个单板的面板，从而实现光源模块连接到光通信设备上以正常运行；或者，可以 从单板的面板上拔除，以实现光源模块的替换或位置更换等。面板的概念是本领域技术人员可以理解的概念，此处不予赘述。此外，可参看图7a所示的附图中更详细解释。这么做的好处是，无需将单板从光通信设备上卸载下来后再执行对光源模块的操作，可以直接从设备面板上插入或者拔除光源模块，简化了对光源模块的替换操作，缩短了通讯链路中断的时间。在一种可能的实现中，所述光接口和所述电接口用于同时插入一个光电连接器或从所述光电连接器拔除，以较快地完成光源模块与光电连接器的连接。或者，所述电接口先于所述光接口插入光电连接器。这么做，可以借助插入电接口来进行初步的光接口定位，以确保光接口的对准精度。
具体地，光接口203可以通过光纤或光波导来提供光通路，以实现光接口203与光源201耦合，将光源201发射的连续光能引导从光接口203输出。
需要说明的是，图2所示的是没有包含封装的光源模块的结构俯视图。但是，本领域技术人员可知，在实际使用时，光源模块有封装的。
下面结合图3a-3d，即光源模块的侧视图(见图2所示的侧视图方向)，来更详细的描述光接口203和电接口204的位置关系。
在图3a所示的举例中，光接口203和电接口204位于基板202的同一侧。具体地，以基板203为图3a所示的水平位置为例，光接口203和电接口204可以位于基板203的上侧或者下侧。光电口同侧的设计可以降低光源模块的加工复杂度。
在图3b所示的举例中，光接口203和电接口204位于基板202的不同侧。具体地，光接口203位于基板202的上侧，而电接口204位于基板的下侧。反之亦可。图3b的设计使得光源201和光接口和电接口在基板不同侧，更有利于光源散热，从而提升光源的工作寿命。
在图3c所示的举例中，有多个电接口(204a和204b)，这些电接口分别位于光接口203的两侧。需要说明的是，图3c中所示的所有接口位于基板202同一侧。在具体的设计中，也可以按照图3b所示，光电接口位于不同侧。
在图3d所示的举例中，有多个光接口(203a和203b)，这些光接口分别位于电接口204的两侧。需要说明的是，图3d中所示的所有接口位于基板202同一侧。在具体的设计中，也可以按照图3b所示，光电接口位于不同侧。
图3c和图3d的设计可以让光源模块的结构更加紧凑。此外，还可以更好的匹配光源模块所连接的光电连接器。
通过将光源封装为一个独立的模块，作为失效时被替换的对象，降低了光模块的替换成本。此外，通过基于面板的可拆卸连接和光电口朝向相同的巧妙设计，简化了失效替换的复杂度。第三，单独封装的光源模块不再受到其他器件的影响，其工作温度得以降低，延长了光源模块的工作寿命。
图4a为本申请实施例提供的另一种光源模块的结构示意图。如图4a所示，该光源模块300包括光源(201a,201b和201c),基板202，光接口203、电接口204和透镜(205a和205b)。光源、基板、光接口和电接口的结构设计类似图2的相关描述，此处不再赘述。与图2的主要区别之一是，本实施例中的光接口203和光源之间放置了透镜。
光源201a,201b和201c为独立的光源。光接口203和电接口204的位置关系为图3c 所示的举例。可以理解的是，这两个接口的位置关系可以替换为上述其他的设计。透镜205a和205b用于对光源输出的连续光能进行聚焦，提高光能的输出效率。此外，透镜205a还用于对多个光源输出的进行信道合波(即将不同的波长进行合并输出)。具体地，透镜的个数可以等于独立的光源的个数。也就是说，一个透镜用于聚焦一个光源输出的光能。或者，一个透镜可以用于为多个光源进行聚焦。如图4a所示，该光源模块为3个光源和2个透镜的设计。
可选地，实现合波的透镜还可以替换为其他器件以实现合波。例如，光栅波导阵列(Arrayed Waveguide Grating，AWG)。在进行合波之前，还可以在光源和合波器件之间放置透镜，以实现光能聚焦。
类似图2所示的光源模块，图4a所示的光源模块也具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度的优势。此外，图4a的设计包括了透镜，提升了光源模块的光能输出效率。
图4b为本申请实施例提供的又一种光源模块的结构示意图。如图4b所示，该光源模块400包括光源201,基板202，光接口203、电接口204和透镜205。光源201、基板202、光接口203和电接口204的结构设计类似图2的相关描述，此处不再赘述。与图2的主要区别之一是，本实施例中，光接口203和光源201之间放置了透镜。与图4a不同的是，在本实施例中，光源201是光源阵列，提供多通道的连续光能。光接口203和电接口204的位置关系为分居基板的一侧的两边。可以理解的是，这两个接口的位置关系可以替换为图3a-3d的设计。或者，可以使用光接口距离基板的位置较电接口远一些的设计方法，也就是电接口和光接口先后设置在基板上。也就是说，光接口、电接口和基板三者叠加在一起。透镜205为透镜阵列，用于对光源输出的连续光能进行聚焦，提高光能的输出效率。具体地，透镜阵列中的透镜的个数可以等于光源阵列的通道数。或者，透镜阵列还可以替换为图4a所示的多个独立透镜。具体地，独立透镜的个数可以等于所述光源阵列的通道数。本申请，对具体的透镜个数的设计不做限制。可选地，还可以增加合波器件来实现多个波长的合并。
类似图2所示的光源模块，图4b所示的光源模块也具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度等的优势。此外，图4b的设计包括了透镜阵列，提升了光源模块的光能输出效率。
图5a为本申请实施例提供的再一种光源模块的结构示意图。如图5a所示，该光源模块500包括光源(201a，201b),基板202，光接口203、电接口204和功率分束器(206a和206b)。光源、基板202、光接口203和电接口204的结构设计类似图2的相关描述，此处不再赘述。与图2的主要区别是，本实施例中的光源模块包括了功率分束器，该组件放置在光源和光接口之间。
在本实施例中，光源201a和201b为独立光源。或者，该光源模块可以替换为图4b所示的光源阵列。功率分束器206a和206b用于实现对光源输出的连续光能进行拆分，拆分为多个光能。在图5a所示的举例中，两个功率分束器将对应的光源输出的连续光能拆分为两个光源后，经过光接口输出。例如，功率分束器206a将光源201a输出的光能分解为两个光源后，经由光接口203输出。通常地，光源201a和201b为能够产生较高能量的连续 光能。需要说明的是，一个光能具体被拆分的光能的个数可以根据具体设计来确定，本申请对此不做限定。这么做的好处是，可以利用一个光源模块为多个装置提供光能，降低了系统成本。需要说明的是，多个光能有时也被称为多路光能。类似地，一个光能有时也被称为一路光能。
在本实施例中，光接口和电接口的位置关系为光接口分置在电接口两侧。在具体的实现中，这种位置关系还可以替换为图3a-3c的设计或者本申请提到的其他方案。此外，可选地，该光源模块500还可以包括透镜或者透镜阵列，放置在光源之后。可选地，该光源模块500还可以包括合波装置。具体可以参见图4a-4b的描述，此处不再赘述。
类似图2所示的光源模块，图5a所示的光源模块也具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度等的优势。此外，图5a的设计包括了功率分束器，提升了光源模块的输出光能的数量，降低了系统成本。
图5b为本申请实施例提供的第五种光源模块的结构示意图。如图5b所示，该光源模块600包括光源(201a-201d),基板202，光接口203、电接口204和功率合束器(207a和207b)。光源、基板202、光接口203和电接口204的结构设计类似图2的相关描述，此处不再赘述。与图2的主要区别是，本实施例中的光源模块包括了功率合束器，该组件放置在光源和光接口之间。
在本实施例中，光源201a-201d为独立光源。或者，该光源模块可以替换为图4b所示的光源阵列。功率合束器207a和207b用于实现对光源输出的连续光能进行合并。在图5b所示的举例中，两个功率分束器将两个光源输出的连续光能进行合并后，经过光接口输出一个光能。例如，功率合束器207a将光源201a和201b输出的光能合并为一个光源后，经由光接口203输出。通常地，光源201a和201b为成本较为低廉能够产生连续的光能的器件，例如：LED。这么做的好处是，利用成本低廉的光源来组成光源模块，降低了光源模块本身的成本。
在本实施例中，光接口和电接口的位置关系同图5a所示的关系。在具体的实现中，这种位置关系还可以替换为图3a-3c或者本申请提到的其他设计。可选地，该光源模块500还可以包括透镜或者透镜阵列。具体可以参见图4a-4b的描述，此处不再赘述。
类似图2所示的光源模块，图5b所示的光源模块也具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度等的优势。此外，图5b的设计包括了功率合束器，通过使用低成本的组件，降低了光源模块的成本。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第六种光源模块的结构示意图。如图6所示，该光源模块700包括光源201,基板202，光接口203、电接口204和固定装置208。其中，光接口203为光纤，光源201、基板202、光接口203和电接口204的结构设计类似图2的相关描述，此处不再赘述。与图2的主要区别是，本实施例中的光源模块包括了固定装置208。该组件和所述光接口203直接接触，用于实现对所述光接口进行限位。需要说明的是，固定装置208位于光源模块的封装内，其可以通过螺丝、卡扣或者其他方式固定到基板202上。或者，可以将固定装置208的尺寸设计为跟光源模块的外壳(即封装)匹配，从而达到固定的目的。
传统的光模块的光接口和电接口为异侧设计，并通过电接口实现和设备单板的连接。 因此，其光接口通常通过一个外部的、体积较大的适配器来实现光接口固定。相比于传统光模块，本实施例中的光源模块将固定装置设计在封装内，体积更小。与此同时，该固定装置可以实现光源模块的光接口的稳定插拔，保证光源能量的损失最小。
需要说明的是，图6所示的固定装置208的位置和其尺寸仅是示例。例如，在具体的设计中，该固定装置可以和光接口具备更大面积的接触。或者，该固定装置可以仅在某一侧和光接口直接接触，通过和外部封装一起实现对限定光接口的位置。具体可以参见图7b的三维示意图，此处不予赘述。
类似图2所示的光源模块，图6所示的光源模块也具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度等的优势。此外，图6的设计包括了固定装置，提升了光源模块光接口对接的稳定性和对接性能。
需要说明的是，上述六种光源模块的示例结构还可以包括半导体制冷器(Thermo Electric Cooler，TEC)温控电路，从而为光源提供稳定的工作温度，从而进一步提升光源模块的使用寿命。该电路可以设置到基板上。
图7a为本申请实施例提供的一种包括光源模块的光通信装置结构示意图。需要说明的是，该附图为剖视图。具体地，该装置可以为如图1所示或者类似图1的通信设备，或者其部分的组件。如图7a所示，该光通信装置800包括单板803、光源模块200、光电连接器801和硅光芯片802。其中，单板803包括面板803a，光源模块200通过面板803a上的开口实现跟光电连接器801的可插拔连接。图7a中给出了光源模块200的插入和拔出方向。需要说明的是，这种垂直于面板803a的插拔仅是示例。在具体的设计中，还可以设计为与面板803a有倾斜角度的插拔，以使得插拔操作更为方便和简易。硅光芯片802和光电连接器中的光接口连接，从而可以获取光源模块200提供的连续光源。需要说明的是，硅光芯片802是可选的。在图7a的示例中，光源模块的光接口和电接口的朝向相同，均为朝向基板803a。
关于光源模块的详细描述参见图2相关的描述，此处不予赘述。需要说明的是，光源模块200可以替换为图4a-4b、图5a-5b以及图6中的任意一个光源模块。
可选地，该光通信装置可以包括功率合束器，用于将多个光源模块200输出的光能进行合并后，为硅光芯片802提供连续的光能。可选地，该光通信装置可以包括功率分束器，用于将光源模块200输出的光能进行拆分，分为多个光能，分别为不同的硅光芯片802提供连续的光能。具体地，功率合束器和功率分束器可以位于单板803上，或者集成到硅光芯片802里，或者是一个单独的器件(例如：光纤器件)。关于功率合束器和功率分束器的描述和有益效果，可以参考图5b和5a的描述，此处不再赘述。
具体地，硅光芯片802包括光调制器和波分复用器。或者，硅光芯片802包括光调制器、波分复用器和光检测器。或者，硅光芯片802包括光调制器、波分复用器、光检测器和解波分复用器。其中，光检测器可以是光电检测器(Photodiode，PD)或雪崩二极管(Avalanche Photodiode，APD)。
为了降低光源模块200和光电连接器801对接时的光能量损失，类似于图6，光通信装置800还可以包括一个固定装置，用于固定光电连接器中的光接口部分，从而实现对其进行限位，以提升根光源模块光接口的对接精度。图7b给出了光源模块和光电连接器连接 的三维示意图。具体地，光源模块200包括固定装置208a。固定装置208a用于实现对光接口203进行限位。对应地，光电连接器801包括光连接器8011和固定装置8013。需要说明的是，该示意图仅给出了部分组件，仅用于举例固定装置的可能形态和被其限位的对象的相对位置关系。
光电连接器801可以是分立的光连接器和电连接器。其中，光连接器用于连接光源模块200的光接口和硅光芯片802的光接口，从而实现光源模块200为硅光芯片802提供连续的光能。电连接器用于连接光源模块200的电接口，从而实现对光源模块200的供电。
或者，光电连接器801可以是集成一体的器件。集成的光电连接器可以加工上一次成型，减少各种限位件组装带来的公差。此外，它在机械强度上也有优势，从而保证多次插拔的精度、可重复性和稳定度。图8a和图8b为图7a中针对一体化的光电连接器的两种结构示意图。如图8a所示，该集成的光电连接器801包括层叠的光连接器8011和电连接器8012。通常地，电连接器8012更靠近单板803。与图8a所示的光电连接器不同，图8b所示的集成光电连接器801包括并列放置的光连接器8011和电连接器8012，其中电连接器8012为水平放置，光连接器8011为竖直放置。需要说明的是，本申请对一体化的光电连接器中光电连接器的相对位置和数量不作限制。在具体的设计中，可以根据光源模块的光电连接口的设计来制作集成的光电连接器。
图8所示的光通信装置采用了独立封装的光源模块，具备降低替换成本、延长光源工作寿命和降低替换复杂度等的优势。此外，该装置包括集成的光电连接器时，可以提升设备的稳定性。
上述多个附图描述了独立封装的光源模块，可以实现相较于现有技术的更高效的失效组建替换。下面，本申请进一步揭示了一个光源切换装置、系统和方法，以实现光源的有效备份。
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种光源切换装置结构示意图。具体地，所述光源切换装置900包括两个多模干涉(Multimode Interference,MMI)耦合器(901和902)和一个相位调制器903。具体地，该光源切换装置可以为一个芯片。其中，MMI耦合器901包括4个端口(即图9中的904a-904d)，MMI耦合器902包括4个端口(即图9中的905a-905d)。需要说明的是，图9中，MMI耦合器902的端口905b不是必须的。也就是说，MMI耦合器可以仅包括3个端口。
光源切换装置900的组件连接关系如下：MMI耦合器901的位于同一侧的两个端口(904d和904c)和MMI耦合器902的位于同一侧的两个端口(905d和905c)一一对应连接。两对端口的连接的其中一个(例如，904d-905d的连接)上设置相位调制器903。或者，相位调制器903也可以设置在904c-905c的连接上。需要说明的是，一一对应连接指的是一个端口和另外一个端口形成一对连接。如图9所示，端口904d和端口905d连接，端口904c和端口905c连接。
MMI耦合器902的位于另一侧的一端口(905a)用于连接光调制器。MMI耦合器901的位于另一侧的两个端口(904a和904b)均用于连接输出连续光能的光源。相位调制器903用于从MMI耦合器901的位于另一侧的两个端口(904a和904b)中选择一个，从所述第二MMI耦合器的另一侧的端口(905a)输出。也就是说，相位调制器用于光源选择，即控 制两个端口的其中一个输入的光能从端口905a输出。
图9所示的光源切换装置，通过控制相位调制器实现光源切换，从而实现快速光源替换。
图10a，图10b和图10c为本申请实施例提供的三种光源切换系统的结构示意图。
如图10a所示，所述系统包括光源模块(200a和200b)，光源切换装置900和三个光接口(1001a，1001b和1002)。其中，光源切换装置900的结构参见图9的相关描述，此处不再赘述。光源模块(200a和200b)具体可以为前述光源模块实施例中的任意一个，可参见前述实施例的具体描述，此处不在赘述。光接口1001a和1001b为光源输入接口，分别用于连接光源模块200a和光源200b以及光源切换装置900的两个输入端口。光接口1002为光源输出端口，用于为光调制器选择合适的光源。
需要说明的是，图10a所示的实施例中两个光源为外置光源。这么设计的好处是，在一个光源发生故障时，可以替换为另外一个光源。与此同时，还可以对发生故障的光源进行替换，持续保持光源备份的有效性。
如图10b所示，所述系统包括光源模块200，光源切换装置1000和两个光接口(1001和1002)。其中，光源切换装置1000的结构与图9的光源切换装置的区别在于，光源切换装置1000还包括光源1003。具体地，MMI耦合器901左侧的其中一个端口连接光源1003。需要说明的是，光源切换装置1000包括的其他组件和连接关系跟图9所示的装置相同，在图10b中并没有示出。相关描述，可以参见图9，此处不再赘述。光接口1001为光源输入接口，用于连接光源模块200。光接口1002为光源输出端口，用于为光调制器选择合适的连续光源输入。光源模块200可以替换为前述光源模块实施例中的其他任意一个，具体参见相关的描述，此处不在赘述。
需要说明的是，图10b所示的实施例中的两个光源，一个为外置光源，一个为内置光源。这么设计的好处是，在一个外置的光源失效时，可以暂时替换为内置于光源切换装置的成本较低的光源。等新的光源模块替换了失效的光源后，再切换回新的外置光源。这个技术方案可以较大的提高光源的可靠性。此外，采用混合类型的光源类型，方案的整体成本相对比较低。
如图10c所示，所述系统包括内置光源(1003a和1003b)，光源切换装置1100和光接口1002。其中，光源切换装置1100的结构与图9的光源切换装置的区别在于，光源切换装置1000还包括两个内置的光源(1003a和1003b)。具体地，MMI耦合器1100的用于连接光源的两个端口(例如，图9所示的904a和904b)分别连接光源1003a和1003b。需要说明的是，光源切换装置1100包括的其他组件和连接关系跟图9所示的相同，在图10c中并没有示出。相关描述，可以参见图9，此处不再赘述。光接口1002为光源输出端口，用于为光调制器选择合适的连续光源输入。
需要说明的是，图10c所示的实施例中的两个光源均为内置光源。这么设计的好处是，在一个光源失效时，可以替换为另一个光源。即，这两个光源互为备份。只有在两个光源都失效时，才需要替换整个系统。这个技术方案在提升光源的可靠性的同时，还保证了相较于前两种方案更低的成本。
应理解的是，图10a-图10c中所示的系统具体的实现可以是一个装置，或者由多个装 置组成的系统，由具体的设计来决定，本申请对此不作限定。例如，图10c所示的系统具体可以由一个芯片来实现，或者多个芯片。又如，图10a所示的系统是由多个装置来实现的，其中一个装置为前述任意一个实施例提供的光源模块。
可选地，图10a-图10c中所示的系统包括功率合束器，用于将多个光源输出的光能进行合并后为光调制器提供连续的光能。可选地，图10a-图10c中所示的系统包括功率分束器，用于将光源输出的光能进行拆分，分为多个光能，分别为不同的光调制器提供连续的光能。具体地，功率合束器和功率分束器可以独立于光切换装置上，或者集成到该装置中。具体地，针对的光源可以是外置的或者内置的。关于功率合束器和功率分束器的描述和有益效果，可以参考图5b和5a的描述，此处不再赘述。
可选地，图10a-图10c中所示的系统还可以包括硅光芯片。该硅光芯片包括光调制器和波分复用器。或者，该硅光芯片包括光调制器、波分复用器和光检测器。或者，该硅光芯片包括光调制器、波分复用器、光检测器和解波分复用器。其中，光检测器可以是PD或APD。需要说明的是，本段所述的组件也可以如图9所示的组件一起组成一个芯片。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种光源切换的方法流程图。该方法应用于光设备。该光设备包括两个光源，两个MMI耦合器，一个相位调制器和一个光调制器。其中，两个光源，两个MMI耦合器和相位调制器连接关系和可能的实现方式可以为如图10a-10c相关描述的任意一种，此处不再赘述。光调制器和图10a-10c中的1002接口连接，以从两个光源中的一个获取连续的光能。具体地，该方法包括如下步骤：
2001：检测到正在工作的光源失效后，启动所述两个光源的另一光源；
具体地，监测光源的方式有多种。例如，可以通过在跟连接光调制器的端口同一侧的另外一个端口上，例如：图9中的905b，连接一个光检测器。例如，采用图12所示的光源切换装置。需要说明的是，图12所示的光源切换装置和图9类似，具体参见图9相关的描述。图12和图9所示的装置区别在于，图12中的MMI检测器右侧的端口905b连接有光监测器906。该光检测器用于检测输入的光源(即正在工作的光源)的能量大小。如果监测到光检测器检测的电流小于预设的阈值，则可以确定正在工作的光源失效。
在另一种具体的实现方式中，可以直接为两个光源设置监测装置。以包括图10c所示的装置为例，可以在每一个内置的光源(1003a和1003b)的背面设置一个光检测器，即直接检测光源是否有光能输出。通过持续的检测正在工作的光源的光检测器的数值，即可以判断该光源是否失效。如果光设备包括的是如图10a或者10b这种包括外置光源的情况，则可以通过监测外置光源模块的光接口输出光能的情况来判断该光源是否失效。例如，通过光接口分光输出连接一个光检测器的方式。该实现方法中，具体的失效判断方式类似前一种具体实现方式，此处不再赘述。
可选地，在上述提到的所有方法中，为了进一步保证监测的准确性，可以限定监测到电流小于预设的阈值的持续时间必须大于某一预设的值时，才确定正在工作的光源失效。
2002：向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述另一光源输出的光能进入所述光调制器；
具体地，通过控制相位调制器的输入信号来切换为光调制器提供连续光能的光源。这么做，可以实现光源的快速备份，光设备受到光源失效的影响无法正常工作的时间长度得 以缩短。
2003：替换所述正在工作的光源为又一光源；
该步骤为可选的步骤。针对如图10c的情况，无须执行该步骤。针对图10a和10b，可以执行该步骤，以保证光源备份的有效性。
2004：向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述又一光源输出的光能进入所述光调制器。
该步骤为可选的步骤。针对如图10c的情况，可以不执行该步骤。针对图10b，可以执行该步骤，以保证工作光源为外置的光源，这么做可以延长内置光源的寿命，从而得以延长其作为短暂备份光源使用的时间。针对10a，可以根据具体情况来确定是否执行该步骤。例如，可以总是将200a这个光源作为主光源，那么可以简化光源失效检测方案，即仅检测该主光源。或者，也可以不执行步骤2004，那么需要为两个光源配置光检测器。
需要说明的是，前述步骤提及的向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号指的是，向所述相位调制器输出一个电平信号，所述电平信号在所述相位调制器中对应π相位(即180度)，即进入所述相位调制器的光会发生π相位的旋转。
图13为本申请实施例提供的一个光源切换系统结构示意图。该系统1200包括光源模块200、光源切换装置900和硅光芯片802。具体地，光源模块200包括朝向同一方向的光接口和电接口，且为基于面板的可插拔连接。光源模块的具体结构和可能的设计方案见前述多种实施例的描述，此处不再赘述。硅光芯片802的相关描述参见图7a的介绍，此处不再赘述。光源切换装置900用于选择合适的光源为硅光芯片802提供连续的光能。关于它的详细说明可参见图9以及其他相关实施例(如图10a-10c)的介绍此处不再赘述。
进一步地，光源模块200和光源切换装置900连接可以通过光电连接器实现，该光电连接器的描述参见图7a中关于801的描述，此处不予赘述。
需要说明的是，图13所示的系统还可以包括功率合束器和/或功率分束器。具体地，关于功率合束器和功率分束器的描述和与现有组件的连接关系见前述相关的实施例，此处不再赘述。
还需要说明的是，本申请并不限定系统中包括的各个组件的数量。仅要求系统可以提供两个光源，其中至少一个由光源模块200提供。其他的光源可以为光源模块200提供，或者也可以是内置于光源切换模块900的内置光源来提供。此外，该系统还可以包括多个同一组件，不同组件的连接关系可以根据具体需要来设计。例如，一个光源模块200可以为多个硅光芯片802提供光能，需要配置多个光源切换装置和功率分束器。又如，多个光源模块200可以为一个光芯片802提供光能，需要配置功率合束器。
此外，一个光通信设备可能包括多个如图13所示的光源切换系统1200。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式，本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种光源切换装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括第一多模干涉(MMI)耦合器、第二MMI耦合器和一个相位调制器，其中：
    所述第一MMI耦合器包括第一端口、第二端口、第三端口和第四端口，其中，所述第一端口和所述第二端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第三端口和所述第四端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的另一侧；
    所述第二MMI耦合器包括第五端口、第六端口和第七端口，其中，所述第五端口和所述第六端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的另一侧；
    所述第一端口和所述第二端口跟所述第五端口和所述第六端口一一对应连接，形成两对连接，所述相位调制器设置在所述两对连接的任意一对上，所述第七端口用于连接光调制器；
    所述第三端口和所述第四端口均用于连接输出连续光能的光源，所述相位调制器用于从所述第三端口和所述第四端口连接的两个光源中选择一个，从所述第七端口输出。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括一个光源，所述光源连接所述第三端口和所述第四端口的其中一个，所述装置还包括一个光接口，所述光接口用于连接一个外置的光源。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括两个光源，所述两个光源分别连接所述第三端口和所述第四端口。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括两个光接口，所述两个光接口均用于连接外置的光源。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括一个光电检测器，所述第二MMI耦合器还包括第八端口，所述第八端口和所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的同一侧，所述光电检测器连接所述第八端口。
  6. 一种光源备份的方法，应用于光设备中，其特征在于，所述光设备包括两个光源，第一多模干涉(MMI)耦合器，第二MMI耦合器，一个相位调制器和一个光调制器，其中：
    所述两个光源用于输出连续的光能；所述第一MMI耦合器包括第一端口、第二端口、第三端口和第四端口，其中，所述第一端口和所述第二端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第三端口和所述第四端口位于所述第一MMI耦合器的另一侧；所述第二MMI耦合器包括第五端口、第六端口和第七端口，其中，所述第五端口和所述第六端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的一侧，所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的另一侧；所述两个光源分别和所述第一端口和所述第二端口连接；所述第三端口和所述第四端口跟所述第五端口和所述第六端口一一对应连接，形成两对连接；所述相位调制器设置在所述两对连接的任意一对上，所述第七端口连接所述光调制器；所述相位调制器用于从所述两个光源中选择一个为所述光调制器提供连续的光能；
    所述方法包括：
    检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效后，启动所述两个光源的另一光源；
    向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述另一光源输出的连续光能进入所 述光调制器。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述另一光源、所述第一MMI耦合器、第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述正在工作的光源外置于所述硅光芯片。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述正在工作的光源、所述两个MMI耦合器、所述相位调制器和所述光调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述另一光源外置于所述硅光芯片。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MMI耦合器、所述第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中，所述两个光源均外置于所述硅光芯片。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述两个光源、所述第一MMI耦合器、所述第二MMI耦合器和所述相位调制器放置在一个硅光芯片中。
  11. 如权利要求7-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅光芯片还包括所述光调制器。
  12. 如权利要求6-11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效包括：
    检测到所述正在工作的光源的电流小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效；或者，所述两个光源的背面均设置有光检测器，检测到所述正在工作的光源连接的光检测器输出的光能的光功率小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效。
  13. 如权利要求7-11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅光芯片中还包括一个光检测器，所述第二MMI耦合器还包括第八端口，所述第八端口和所述第七端口位于所述第二MMI耦合器的同一侧，所述光检测器连接所述第八端口，所述检测到所述两个光源中正在工作的光源失效包括：
    确定所述光检测器检测的电流是否小于预设的阈值；
    当所述光检测器检测的电流小于预设的阈值时，确定所述正在工作的光源失效。
  14. 权利要求7或9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：替换所述失效的光源为又一光源。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：向所述相位调制器输出一个π相位信号，使得所述又一光源输出的光能进入所述光调制器。
  16. 一种光通信系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括如权利要求2或4所述的光源切换装置、光连接器、电连接器和光源模块，其中：
    所述光源模块包括光源、光接口和电接口，所述光源模块通过所述光连接器和所述光源切换装置的光接口连接，所述光源用于为所述光源切换装置提供连续的光源输入；
    所述光源模块和所述光连接器以及所述电连接器均为基于面板的可拆卸连接；
    所述光源模块的所述光接口和所述电接口的朝向相同。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的系统，其特征在于，所述光连接器和所述电连接器为集成的光电连接器。
  18. 如权利要求16或者17所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括光调制器。
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CN111147130A (zh) 2020-05-12
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