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WO2019223925A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un composant métallique - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un composant métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019223925A1
WO2019223925A1 PCT/EP2019/058631 EP2019058631W WO2019223925A1 WO 2019223925 A1 WO2019223925 A1 WO 2019223925A1 EP 2019058631 W EP2019058631 W EP 2019058631W WO 2019223925 A1 WO2019223925 A1 WO 2019223925A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
nitriding
temperature
phase
tempering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/058631
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lothar Foerster
Thomas Waldenmaier
Frank Sarfert
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019223925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019223925A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
    • C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a metallic component and further to a component produced by such a method.
  • the surface areas achieved by curing or case-hardening and thus provided with positive component properties are partially or completely removed; in the former case, this is done, for example, by grinding to meet manufacturing tolerances, or by means of electrochemical rounding typically of Bohrungsverschneidungen, and in the latter case by eroding or laser ablation, for example, to accurately form holes or injection holes in nozzle bodies for diesel injection systems.
  • exposed component areas with low strength can lead to a component failure in later component operation due to static or dynamic stresses acting on the component.
  • the method with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it allows a cost-effective production of heavy-duty components with the highest demands on positional and form tolerances, the hard or post processing cost is cost-reducing incurred only once and indeed in the middle of the process chain and at the same time a high mechanical loadability of the components is achievable.
  • the component is case hardened, then at least a one-stage tempering of the component, a component post-processing to bring the component within predetermined tolerances to a required final size, and a nitriding of the construction part are performed sequentially, with a Nitriding provided process temperature significantly lower than a post-processing before ordered and used to start the component heat treatment a set treatment temperature is selected.
  • the different underlying idea of the invention is to perform both carburizing, hardening as well as tempering complete case hardening, and the tempering temperature and the nitriding process temperature to be coordinated with each other such that during nitriding strength-increasing properties such as
  • Compressive residual stresses are formed, whereby a high mechanical load of the component can be achieved, and at the same time an additional post-processing step cost-reducing unnecessary or savings, which is achieved in that the nitriding is carried out at a significantly lower process temperature than the applied during tempering heat treatment temperature, whereby a distortion in the component structure is avoided during the nitriding.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the process temperature selected for nitriding the component is at least about 30 ° C., preferably about 50 ° C., lower than the tempering temperature.
  • Experimental investigations carried out by the inventors have shown that a process temperature distance TA - TP of about 30 ° C. between nitriding process temperature TP and the previously initiated tempering
  • Heat treatment temperature TA represents a minimum distance, which, if maintained, can prevent distortion in the component structure due to nitriding and thus maintain the dimensional and dimensional stability during nitriding, so that there is no need for a single or multi-stage post-processing after nitriding.
  • the step of case hardening comprises a tempering process, which in the temperature range between about 450 ° C and 550 ° C, preferably at about 500 ° C, carried out, since only from a temperature which is higher than 450 ° C, at the end the nitride forming the process chain and adapted to the tempering process, a formation of special nitrides such as of chromium nitride in the structure of a component. Higher temperatures than 550 ° C, however, are less suitable because, especially in low-alloyed steels, the core strength is greatly reduced and thus the component functionality is limited.
  • An embodiment of the invention may be that for nitriding the component at least one nitriding phase is carried out to form a mainly enriched with nitrogen diffusion layer, which is before geous especially at cyclic loading of the component to ei ne high wear resistance and fatigue resistance.
  • two nitration phases separated by an intermediate gas exchange phase are performed for nitriding of the component, whereby a first nitriding phase is formed as oxinitriding, whereby the surface activity of the component to be processed and thus the nitrogen uptake is significantly improved the second nitriding used for pure nitriding of the Oxinit by correspondingly preconditioned component, wherein the pure nitrate ren the main thickness of a nitride layer or diffusion layer is alsobil det.
  • the two nitration phases can be carried out with differently sized periods of time on the one hand tune the Oxinitrierdauer - to activate passivated component surfaces - on the surface properties of verwen Deten starting material and on the other hand, the duration of the subsequent pure nitriding depending on the desired thickness of researchernostitude To be able to adjust the diffusion layer.
  • the process gas mixture characterizing the oxinitriding is to set defined initial conditions for the subsequent second nitriding phase.
  • the nitriding layer or diffusion layer in the Oberflä chen Scheme of the component is formed with a thickness which is in the range of et wa 5 to 50 pm, since even with such Nitrier Anlagendicken a significant over the base material increase in the fatigue strength is achieved. Thicker nitriding layers can also be formed, but correspondingly longer nitriding process runtimes are required.
  • a modified embodiment of the invention may consist in that after the at least one nitriding phase the component is additionally subjected to a nitrocarburization phase in order to form a connecting layer on the component.
  • a connection layer over a diffusion layer produced on the basis of the nitration phase previously carried out is particularly advantageous if the component is not only subject to wear during later use, but also to corrosive stresses.
  • nitriding is to be understood as meaning a process in which a nitrogen and / or carbon-releasing medium introduces nitrogen and / or carbon into a component with the aim of producing precipitates such as e.g. Form nitrides or carbonitrides. Accordingly, the term nitriding also includes nitrocarburization.
  • a further modified embodiment of the invention may hen best hen that the component is nitrided by means of a Nitrocarburierphase, which finally leads to the formation of a compound layer formed of iron nitrides, which counteracts due to their ceramic character and high hardness Beanspru ments by friction.
  • the supply of process gases and / or process gas mixtures in a suitable for the implementation of the method according to the invention treatment or process chamber takes place during the process with amounts of solid gas.
  • the supply may also be characteristic-controlled, for example by nitriding characteristic and / or oxidation index and / or coefficient of coal.
  • a manufactured according to such a method component, in particular a Dü sen redesign, depending on the process control can have a high fatigue strength and / or improved wear and corrosion resistance and is suitable, for example, for use as a component in Hoch horreinspritzsystemen.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram for a rough illustration of the method according to the invention for producing a component, wherein in the lower part of the scheme along the ordinate, the process temperature in dependence on the time plotted along the abscissa time is shown and in the upper part of the scheme, the component in each case its different stages of the process,
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the sequence of successive process steps as a function of the respective set process temperature according to egg ner first embodiment
  • 2B is a diagram illustrating the sequence of successive process steps as a function of the particular process temperature to be set according to a second embodiment
  • 2C is a diagram showing the sequence of successive procedural steps depending on the respective process temperature to be set according to a third embodiment
  • 2D is a diagram showing the sequence of successive procedural steps depending on the respective process temperature to be set according to a fourth embodiment
  • 3 shows a measurement diagram with three measurement curves determined on the basis of GDOES measurements on two differently processed samples, wherein two of the measurement curves show the respective carbon concentration curves of the two samples and the third measurement curve the nitrogen concentration curve in the second sample in functional dependence on FIG Edge distance to the sample surface represent,
  • FIG. 4A is a microscopic sectional view of a structure of a nozzle body produced according to the method according to the invention in the region of a spray hole, and
  • Fig. 1 illustrates very schematically the main process steps ei nes as a whole with 10 designated method, which is used for producing a metal-trained component 11, which is formed in the embodiment as a substantially rotationally symmetrical nozzle body made of steel with a along the rotational symmetry axis extending blind hole 11 ' ,
  • a metal-trained component 11 which is formed in the embodiment as a substantially rotationally symmetrical nozzle body made of steel with a along the rotational symmetry axis extending blind hole 11 '
  • a first process stage 12 in which the soft machining of the construction part 11, the case hardening of the component 11 is carried out in a subsequent second process stage 13, wherein the case hardening on the carbons 13 ' at a temperature Ti, the curing 13 '' at a temperature To and the tempering 13 ''' at a temperature T 2 includes.
  • a third process stage 14 the post-processing of the construction part 11 to compensate for inevitably occurring during case hardening distortion of the component 11, wherein the härte für 11 '' partially, that is, for example, removed in the plane surface area 11-2 by chip removal, until a predetermined geometric tolerance in the micrometer range is achieved.
  • To the component 11 is provided in the post-processing with holes 11-1, which are also designed to tolerate tolerances in terms of their positional tolerance and alignment in the micrometer range.
  • the thus reworked component 11 is subjected to a nitriding process in a fourth process stage 15.
  • the treatment temperature or process temperature T 3 is adjusted so that T 3 is at least 30 ° C below the tempering temperature T 2 in order to avoid distortion of the component 11 occurring again.
  • a nitriding layer 11 '' with which a higher strength and / or fatigue strength and / or wear resistance of the component can be achieved, is produced on the component 11, in particular also in the marginal area of the bores 11 - 1. After the nitriding process 15, the component 11 is obtained ready for installation 16.
  • FIG. 2A shows the temporally successive process phases of the nitriding process 15 on the basis of a diagram, wherein the respective process temperature T for the individual process phases is plotted against the time axis t and the individual process phases are defined with their respective time duration along the time axis.
  • the nitration process 15 comprises in succession a first heating phase 20, a temperature equalization phase 21, a preoxidation phase 22, a first gas exchange phase 23, a second heating phase 24, a second temperature equalization phase 25, a first nitriding phase 26 ' , a second gas exchange phase 27, a second nitriding phase 26 ", a third gas exchange phase 29 and a cooling 30.
  • the temperature equalization phase 21 follows, in which the treatment temperature is kept constant at about 400 ° C.
  • the nenden treatment chamber (not shown) is not supplied with nitrogen gas in the process chamber the temperature equalization phase 21 following pre-oxidation phase 22, which takes place at 400 ° C is for pre-oxidation of her forth delivery component of the treatment chamber, a process gas, such as air o- or steam or mixtures thereof or with nitrogen-enriched mixtures of air and water vapor, with a pressure of several 100 mbar, preferably with an absolute pressure in the range between approximately 200 and 400 mbar or with an atmospheric pressure of several 10 mbar, preferably about 20 to 50 mbar supplied.
  • a process gas such as air o- or steam or mixtures thereof or with nitrogen-enriched mixtures of air and water vapor
  • the first gas exchange phase 23 is carried out at a constant temperature, in order to remove the oxidizing process gas atmosphere from the treatment chamber. This can be done for example by Evakuie ren by means of vacuum pumps below a process gas pressure p ⁇ lxlO 1 mbar, preferably at p ⁇ lxlO 2 mbar, or by purging with an inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon.
  • the subsequent second heating phase 24 serves to increase the temperature continuously at a constant heating rate up to a process temperature of about 490 ° C. Upon reaching the Pro zesstemperatur of about 490 ° C, the achieved process temperature is kept constant in the adjoining temperature homogenization phase 25.
  • a nitrogen-emitting process gas is fed to the treatment chamber, which is made of ammonia or mixtures of ammonia, nitrogen and / or or hydrogen is formed; the process gas can hold for an intensification of the nitriding 26 ' and oxidizing fractions, which may be formed for example from air or water vapor or nitrous oxide ent.
  • the gas exchange phase 27 which serves to control the set during the nitration 26 ' process gas composition controlled from the treatment chamber to remove, for example, by evacuation by means of vacuum pumps below a process gas pressure p ⁇ lxlO 1 mbar, preferably at p ⁇ lxlO 2 mbar, or by purging with an inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon.
  • a process gas pressure p ⁇ lxlO 1 mbar preferably at p ⁇ lxlO 2 mbar
  • an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
  • the subsequent gas exchange phase 29 serves to controlled during the second nitration 26 '' set
  • vingaszusammen composition - as in the phase 26 ' - to remove controlled from the treatment chamber;
  • this undesirable caused by temperature differences, inhomogeneous nitriding on the befind befind process befind union component is avoided during the cooling phase.
  • the component is cooled to room temperature.
  • the first nitration 26 ' formed as Oxinitrieren in a process atmosphere of ammonia, nitrogen and air to eliminate any passi fourth surfaces of the starting material
  • the second Nit rierphase 26 "is formed as an actual nitration process in a process atmosphere of ammonia and nitrogen Wherein the durations Ati and Et 2 may be differently sized. Reproducible results can be achieved by activating the component surface by selecting the time period Ati of the first phase 26 ' such that Ati> 1 h.
  • FIG. 2B shows a second embodiment of the method according to the invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that, in addition to the two nitriding phases 26 ' , 26 " , a downstream nitrocarburizing phase 26 '" is also carried out with a duration h.
  • a downstream nitrocarburizing phase 26 '" takes place between the second Nitrierphase 26 " and the downstream Nitrocarburierphase 26 '" a gas exchange phase 29 to receive defined starting conditions for the Nitrocarburierpha se 26 '" , and in direct connection to the Nitrocarburierphase 26 '" is followed by a gas exchange phase 29 ' , which serves as a defined transition to the final cooling phase 30.
  • the nitrocarburizing phase 26 '" is advantageously carried out isothermally with respect to the temporally upstream nitriding phases 26 ' , 26 " , since this makes it possible to save an intermediate heating step.
  • the Nitrocarburierphase 26 '" the treatment chamber is supplied to a nitrogen material and carbon-emitting process gas, which may be formed, for example, enriched with C0 2 , CO or acetylene ammonia.
  • the process gas composition is essentially free from oxidizing the components, such as air or water vapor, in order to avoid the formation of desired oxide layers in the surface edge region of the component to be processed to avoid.
  • Nitrierphasen 26 is formed in addition to a formed during nitriding nitriding still a tie layer or further amplified an already formed compound layer ', 26 "carried out Nitrocarburierphase 26'', which play is especially advantageous in the case when the component surfaces in late reindeer use essentially a stress due to frictional wear un subject.
  • FIG. 2C shows a third embodiment of the method according to the invention, which, in contrast to the two embodiments according to FIGS. 2A and 2C, has only one single nitration phase 26 having a time ⁇ t which is carried out after the gas exchange phase 25 following the second heating phase the end of the single nitriding phase 26, a gas exchange phase 29 takes place, which serves as a defined transition to the final cooling phase 30.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the starting material is a steel grade in which due to material-specific egg properties no tendency to form passivating surfaces is given, so that a Oxinitrierphase - as in the embodiment of FIG. 2A - as an activating or conditioning precursor is dispensable for the actual Nitriervorgang.
  • FIG. 2D shows a fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is a modification of the third embodiment of FIG. 2C and in contrast to which, instead of the nitration phase 26, a nitrocarburizing phase 26 ''' with a time At ' is performed.
  • the Nitrocarburierphase 26 '" the supply of a nitrogen and / or carbon-emitting process gas, wel Ches, for example, ammonia or mixtures, which may have ammonia diluted with nitrogen and / or hydrogen and carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide or acetylene or mixtures thereof enriched ,
  • the process gas composition is virtually free of oxidizing fractions, such as air or water vapor, to avoid the formation of a unwanted desired oxide layer in the surface edge region of the processed component.
  • the nitrocarburizing phase 26 '" only the formation of a bonding layer formed from iron nitrides takes place, which is especially true it is advantageous if the component is subject to a friction stress and / or corrosion stress when used later.
  • process gases or process gas mixtures of the treatment chamber can be supplied as a fixed gas quantities; Alternatively, they can also be fed nitriding and / or oxidation number and / or kohlkennettigeregelt.
  • FIG. 3 shows a measurement diagram with three measurement curves 40, 41, 42 of measurements carried out by means of GDO-ES G, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy on two differently processed samples or blanks.
  • concentration C is in mass% M%
  • the edge distance d is plotted in mhh with respect to the surface.
  • the measurement curve 40 represents the carbon concentration curve in a sample-hardened sample or blank as a depth profile
  • the measurement curve 41 represents the carbon concentration profile in a sample prepared according to the inventions to the invention according to the embodiment 1 or be traded sample or blank.
  • the measurement curve 42 indicates the nitrogen concentration course in a sample or round plate produced according to the method according to the invention, wherein based on the measurement curve 42, a high nitride concentration to a depth of about 50 - 60 mhh with respect to the surface of the sample can be seen and Consequently, a nitriding layer thickness of approximately 50-60 mhh can be derived from this nitriding effect.
  • 4A shows a micrograph along a section through a nozzle body 50 produced in accordance with the method according to the invention in the region of an injection hole 51, wherein hardness tests with measuring points 52 ' , 53 ' have been made on both sides 52, 53 of the injection hole bore 51.
  • the hardness tests were carried out with HV 0.05.
  • 4B shows a diagram in which the measuring points 52 ' , 53 ' of FIG. 4A are plotted in order to apply the hardness profile H in HV in the microstructure as a function of the edge distance d in mhh, ie from the distance to the surface of the injection hole 51 of the component ,
  • the measuring points 52 ' determined below the injection hole bore 51 of FIG.
  • the high hardness of the - nitrided - edge layer zone compared to the lower region of the structure is apparent, because in the vicinity of the edge region of the injection hole 51, the hardness measurements (about 1200 HV 0.05 to about 1400 HV 0.05) are relative high, the hardness decreases with increasing depth or Entfer voltage from the edge; this decrease occurs clearly at d> 40 pm, whereby in the range 60 pm ⁇ d ⁇ 80 pm an asymptotically running hardness value of about 800 HV 0.05 can be seen.
  • heat-resistant steel from the group of case-hardening steels, such as, for example, is suitable. 10CrMo9-10 or 13CrMo4-5, or from the group of hot working steels such as e.g. X38CrMoV5-l, X38CrMoV5-3 or X40CrMoV5-l, or from the group of stainless steels such as e.g. X10CrMoVNb9-l or X20CrMoVll- 1.
  • the method 10 is provided for producing at least one metallic component 11, wherein first the component 11 is hardened nostige, wherein at least one heat treatment 13 ''' for starting the component 11, that after the heat treatment 13 ''' the component 11th is processed to bring the component 11 to a required within predetermined tolerances final dimension and / or a final shape, and that subsequently the post-processed component 11 is nitrided, with a nitriding 15 vorgesehe ne process temperature significantly lower than one in the post-processing and for starting the component 11 serving heat treatment 13 ''' set tempering temperature is selected.
  • This is the nitriding provided process temperature is selected so that it is at least about 30 ° C, preferably at least about 50 ° C, lower than the tempering temperature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé (10) de fabrication d'au moins un composant (11) métallique. Le composant (11) est dans un premier temps cémenté. Au moins un traitement thermique (13''') est effectué pour le recuit du composant (11). Le composant (11) est usiné ultérieurement après le traitement thermique (13''') pour conférer au composant (11) une dimension finale requise dans la limite de tolérances prédéfinies. Puis le composant (11) usiné ultérieurement est nitruré. Une température de processus prévue aux fins de la nitruration (15) est nettement inférieure à une température de recuit réglée lors du traitement thermique (13''') réalisé en amont de l'usinage ultérieur et servant au recuit du composant (11). La température de processus prévue aux fins de la nitruration est choisie de sorte qu'elle soit inférieure d'au moins environ 30 °C, de manière préférée d'au moins environ 50 °C à la température de recuit.
PCT/EP2019/058631 2018-05-25 2019-04-05 Procédé de fabrication d'un composant métallique WO2019223925A1 (fr)

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DE102018208283.9A DE102018208283A1 (de) 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines metallischen Bauteils
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CN115074500A (zh) * 2022-07-08 2022-09-20 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 一种甲醇机喷嘴的热处理方法
US20220389559A1 (en) * 2021-06-02 2022-12-08 Aktiebolaget Skf Method of heat treating a steel component

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DE102022208459A1 (de) * 2022-08-15 2024-02-15 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Chromstählen

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DE4205647A1 (de) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-26 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Verfahren zur thermochemisch-thermischen behandlung von einsatzstaehlen
DE4327440A1 (de) * 1993-08-14 1995-02-16 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Verfahren zur thermochemisch-thermischen Behandlung von Einsatzstählen, Vergütungsstählen und Wälzlagerstählen
DE19752051C1 (de) 1997-11-25 1999-11-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Herstellen von maßgenauen Formteilen mit nitrierter oder nitrocarburierter Oberflächenschicht sowie Formteil
EP1001040A1 (fr) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-17 Federal-Mogul Burscheid GmbH Procede destiné a durcir la surface de pièces en matériaux de moulage, les pièces produites ainsi et leur utilisation

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DE4205647A1 (de) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-26 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Verfahren zur thermochemisch-thermischen behandlung von einsatzstaehlen
DE4327440A1 (de) * 1993-08-14 1995-02-16 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Verfahren zur thermochemisch-thermischen Behandlung von Einsatzstählen, Vergütungsstählen und Wälzlagerstählen
DE19752051C1 (de) 1997-11-25 1999-11-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Herstellen von maßgenauen Formteilen mit nitrierter oder nitrocarburierter Oberflächenschicht sowie Formteil
EP1001040A1 (fr) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-17 Federal-Mogul Burscheid GmbH Procede destiné a durcir la surface de pièces en matériaux de moulage, les pièces produites ainsi et leur utilisation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220389559A1 (en) * 2021-06-02 2022-12-08 Aktiebolaget Skf Method of heat treating a steel component
CN115074500A (zh) * 2022-07-08 2022-09-20 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 一种甲醇机喷嘴的热处理方法
CN115074500B (zh) * 2022-07-08 2024-04-02 重庆红江机械有限责任公司 一种甲醇机喷嘴的热处理方法

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