WO2019062918A1 - 定子组件和电机 - Google Patents
定子组件和电机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019062918A1 WO2019062918A1 PCT/CN2018/108644 CN2018108644W WO2019062918A1 WO 2019062918 A1 WO2019062918 A1 WO 2019062918A1 CN 2018108644 W CN2018108644 W CN 2018108644W WO 2019062918 A1 WO2019062918 A1 WO 2019062918A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- slot
- shaped conductor
- stator
- phase
- conductor segment
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of electrical machines, and more particularly to a stator assembly and an electric motor suitable for use in a drive motor of a vehicle.
- the armature connection and implementation manner in the related art from the viewpoint of the manufacturing process, there are many types of flat wire armatures to be fabricated, and both ends of the axial direction need to be welded, resulting in a large number of solder joints; It is difficult to accurately fix the flat wire after it goes offline, the production cost is high, and the production process is difficult.
- the winding method in the above related art adopts a high voltage difference between different layers of the stator windings in the same slot, and the stator winding layers are easily broken down under high voltage conditions, thereby causing a short circuit, thereby The motor has failed.
- the present disclosure is intended to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present disclosure proposes a stator assembly that is simple in manufacturing and safe and reliable in electrical connection.
- a second aspect of the present disclosure provides an electric machine having the above stator assembly.
- stator winding comprising a plurality of U-shaped conductor segments made of flat wires, each of the U-shaped conductor segments comprising a head and a first in-slot portion and a second slot respectively connected to the head
- the inner portion of the slot passes through one of the slot slots of one of the stator slots, the inner portion of the second slot passes through one of the slot layers of the other stator slot, the inner portion of the first slot and the second slot Partially passing through the stator slot, the end thereof extends beyond the stator core to form a soldering end, and the first slot inner portion of the plurality of U-shaped conductor segments is located on the soldering end a partial welded joint in the second tank;
- the U-shaped conductor segment includes a first U-shaped conductor segment, a second U-shaped conductor segment, a third U-shaped conductor segment and a fourth U-shaped conductor segment, in each phase of each winding, when the winding is wound,
- the lead wire is connected at the solder end to a first slot inner portion of a first U-shaped conductor segment of the radially outermost slot layer of the initial slot, the first U-shaped conductor segment spanning y in the same direction in the first direction Stator slot
- each second U-shaped conductor segment spanning y stator slots, and the second slot portion of each second U-shaped conductor segment is located in a slot layer ratio a groove portion in a groove is located radially inwardly until a portion of the second groove is located in the radially inner groove layer;
- each fourth U-shaped conductor segment spanning y stator slots, and a groove layer ratio of a second slot portion of each fourth U-shaped conductor segment is located
- the inner layer of the first groove is located radially outward of the groove layer until the inner portion of the second groove is located at the radially outer outer groove layer;
- the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions on the circumference of the stator core.
- the lead wire and the star point line are both disposed on the welding end I, and the welding process is simple; in addition, the stator assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the above winding method to realize the first direction Winding a portion of the U-shaped conductor segment, winding a portion of the U-shaped conductor segment in the second direction, and then winding another portion of the U-shaped conductor segment in the first direction and then winding the portion of the U-shaped conductor segment in the first direction to Through this wave winding method, the flat wire voltage difference between adjacent groove layers in the same groove is smaller than the existing solution, and the risk of insulation breakdown of the motor can be effectively reduced, and the reliability is high.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stator core in a stator assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a U-shaped conductor segment in a stator assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3a-3d are schematic views of first to fourth U-shaped conductor segments employed in winding a stator assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stator assembly as an initial arrangement according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, wherein an 8-pole 48-slot 3 phase is illustrated;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the winding manner of the stator assembly of FIG. 4, wherein the U-phase 1 road is taken as an example;
- Figure 6 is a final stator assembly of the stator assembly of Figure 4 after being processed to form a 2-way connection;
- Figure 7 is a final stator assembly of the stator assembly of Figure 4 after being processed to form a 1-way connection;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a motor in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Stator assembly 100 stator core 1, stator slot 11,
- Stator winding 2 U-shaped conductor segment 20, head 201, first in-slot portion 202, second in-slot portion 203,
- first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 a first U-shaped conductor segment 2001; a second U-shaped conductor segment 2002; a third U-shaped conductor segment 2003; a fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004;
- U phase 1 road star point line U1A U phase 2 road star point line U2B;
- V phase 1 road star point line V1A V phase 2 road star point line V2B;
- W phase 1 way lead line W1A; W phase 2 way lead line W2A;
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
- features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
- a plurality of means two or more unless otherwise stated.
- connection In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
- Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
- the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.
- a stator assembly according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure which can be used as an initial stator assembly and processed according to customer requirements to obtain a final form of different ways, is described below with reference to FIGS.
- the final stator assembly is described below with reference to FIGS. The final stator assembly.
- a stator assembly 100 includes a stator core 1 and a stator winding 2.
- the stator core 1 has a plurality of stator slots 11 , the stator core is cylindrical, and the stator core 1 has a plurality of stator slots 11 ; the stator slots 11 are formed on the stator core 1 .
- the stator core 1 is penetrated in the inner peripheral wall and in the axial direction (for example, the up and down direction shown in FIG. 1), and the plurality of stator slots are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1, the depth direction of the stator slot and the stator The radial direction of the iron core is uniform.
- Each of the stator slots 11 has a plurality of slot layers 111.
- the stator slots have a plurality of layers formed by stator windings.
- the slot layers 111 The layers including a, b, c, d, e, and f are sequentially arranged.
- the innermost layer in the radial direction of the stator core 1 is a layer, which is located at the outermost layer.
- the stator winding 2 includes a plurality of U-shaped conductor segments 20. As shown in FIGS.
- each U-shaped conductor segment 20 includes a bent portion 201 and a first in-slot portion 202 and a second in-slot portion 203 that are respectively connected to the bent portion 201, and the first in-slot portion 202 Passing through one of the slot slots in one of the stator slots 11, the second in-slot portion 203 passes through one of the slot slots in the other stator slot 11, the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 passing through the stator After the groove 11, its end portion extends beyond the stator core 1 to form the welded end II.
- each U-shaped conductor segment 20 includes: an in-slot portion (for example, the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203) and a bent portion 201, wherein the in-slot portion is disposed at In the stator slot 11, the bent portion 201 is connected to the inner portion of the slot.
- the end portion of the inner portion of the slot extends beyond the stator core 1, and the end portion of the inner portion of the slot extends beyond the stator core 1 to form a stator winding. The welding end.
- the cross section of the U-shaped conductor segment 20 perpendicular to its direction of extension is non-circular, and as an embodiment, the cross-section is a rectangular shape.
- any cross section of the U-shaped conductor segment 20 has a rectangular shape, and the short sides of the rectangle are perpendicular to the bottom wall of the stator slot 11.
- the U-shaped conductor segments 20 have equal cross-sectional areas in the direction in which the U-shaped conductor segments 20 extend.
- one end of the bent portion 201 in the U-shaped conductor segment 20 is the card-issuing end I of the stator winding 2, and the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 pass through the stator slot 11 and extend beyond the stator.
- the end of the end of the core 1 is referred to as the welded end II of the stator winding 2, as shown in Fig. 3, the welded end 2 is a first in-slot portion 202 of a plurality of U-shaped conductor segments 20 and a U-shaped adjacent thereto
- the second in-slot portion 203 of the conductor segment 20 is sequentially formed by welding.
- welding end II, the star point line and the lead line of each phase of each phase are different in the circumferential direction by 3q stator slots 11, and the multiplex lines of any phase are different in the circumferential direction by one stator slot 11;
- z is the number of stator slots
- m is the number of phases
- 2p is the number of poles.
- the stator assembly 100 herein is suitable for a z-slot 2p-stage m-phase motor, where the number of slots z can be 24, 48, 72, etc., the number of phases m can be three-phase, two-phase or single-phase, and the pole-number p can It is 8-pole, 4-pole, etc. It can be set according to the specific motor.
- phase difference refers to the difference between the two slots. For example, if the initial slot is 1, then the difference is 6 slots and then the 7th slot.
- the above winding structure can be wound by the following winding method:
- each U-shaped conductor segment 20 including a bent portion and a first in-slot portion 202 and a second in-slot portion 203 respectively connected to the bent portion, the first in-slot portion 202
- first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 of the plurality of U-shaped conductor segments 20 are soldered through the stator slot and beyond the end of the stator core to make the winding direction of the winding. Constructed in each phase of each phase:
- the lead wire of the welding end is led out to the radially outermost groove layer of the initial groove, one end of the lead wire is connected with a controller other than the stator winding, and the other end is connected to the U-shaped conductor segment of the radially outermost groove layer of the initial groove.
- the initial slot is the stator slot 11 into which the U-shaped conductor segment is first inserted;
- the U-shaped conductor segment spans the y stator slots 11 in the same direction in the first direction;
- the U-shaped conductor segment spans in the second direction, and the number of layers per slot spanning the y stator slots 11 is changed by one layer, wherein the number of layers changes from the outside to the inside in the radial direction to the radially inner inner groove layer;
- the U-shaped conductor segment spans the y stator slots 11 in the same direction in the first direction;
- the U-shaped conductor segment spans in the first direction, and the number of layers per slot spanning the y stator slots 11 is changed by one layer, wherein the number of layers changes from the inside to the outside in the radial direction until the radially outer outer groove layer;
- the initial slot is y stator slots 11, wherein the term "terminating slot” herein refers to the last stator slot that passes after the coil is wound.
- the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions on the circumference of the stator core.
- crossing the y stator slots 11 means that the difference between the two slots is y.
- the lead wire and the star point line are both disposed on the soldering end I, and the soldering process is simple at the soldering end and the card issuing end in the conventional coil, and the soldering process is simple;
- the stator assembly of the example adopts the above winding method to realize winding a partial U-shaped conductor segment in a first direction, and then winding a partial U-shaped conductor segment in a second direction, and then winding another portion of the U-shape in the first direction. After the conductor segment, a part of the U-shaped conductor segment is wound in the first direction, and the cycle is adopted.
- the wave winding method the winding voltage difference between the adjacent groove layers in the same groove is smaller than the existing solution, and the cycle can be effectively reduced. Motor insulation breakdown risk, high reliability.
- the U-shaped conductor segment 20 includes at least: a plurality of first U-shaped conductor segments 2001, a plurality of second U-shaped conductor segments 2002, a plurality of third U-shaped conductor segments 2003, and a plurality of fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004, the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 is used for the same layer crossing in step S32, and the second U-shaped conductor segment 20 is used for the radial direction from the radially outer layer when the winding is crossed in the second direction in step S33.
- a third U-shaped conductor segment 20 is used to span a layer from the radially inner layer when the first direction of the winding crosses in step S35, and the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 20 is used for the same layer crossing in step S34.
- the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 is used to span from the same layer between the radially outermost layers
- the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 is used for the same layer span between the radially innermost layers
- the U-shaped conductor segment 2002 is used when the outer U1 spans one layer, that is, the second direction
- the third U-shaped conductor segment 2003 is used when the inner U1 crosses one layer, that is, the first direction crosses one layer.
- cross a layer means that the difference between the number of layers of two slots is one.
- the lead wires are connected at the soldering end to the first slot portion of a first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 located in the radially outermost slot layer, first The U-shaped conductor segment 2001 spans the y stator slots in the same direction in the first direction; the plurality of second U-shaped conductor segments 2002 span in the second direction and are sequentially connected, and each of the second U-shaped conductor segments 2002 spans the y stator slots.
- each second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 is located radially inwardly of the slot layer in which the inner portion of the first slot is located until the inner portion of the second slot is located in the radially inner inner slot layer;
- a third U-shaped conductor segment 2003 spans y stator slots in the same direction in the first direction;
- a plurality of fourth U-shaped conductor segments 2004 are spanned in the first direction and sequentially connected, and each fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 spans y
- the stator slot, the second slot inner portion of each fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 is located radially outward of the slot layer in which the inner portion of the first slot is located, until the second slot portion is located radially outward Up to the groove layer;
- the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001, the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002, the third U-shaped conductor segment 2003, and the fourth U are further employed.
- the conductor segment 2004 repeats the above arrangement until the second in-slot portion of a certain fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 reaches the adjacent layer of the radially outermost groove layer of the termination groove and connects the star point line of the phase, wherein the termination The slot differs from the initial slot by y stator slots in the second direction.
- the bending direction of the connecting portion 204 of the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 in the first U-shaped conductor segment 20 is the same, and the fourth U-shaped conductor segment
- the bending direction of the connecting portion 204 of the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 in 20 is uniform, and the shapes of the first U-shaped conductor segment 20 and the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 20 are substantially identical and the connecting portion 204 is folded.
- the direction of the bend is reversed, but due to the difference in width between the stator slots at different radial positions, the span sizes of the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 and the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 are different, ie, the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001
- the distance L1 between the two in-slot portions 202 and 203 and the distance L4 between the two in-slot portions 202 and 203 of the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 are different, and more specifically, L1 > L4.
- the bending direction of the connecting portion 204 of the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 of the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 is opposite, and the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 and The shape of the three U-shaped conductor segments 2003 is substantially the same, and the spans are also identical (6 stator slots).
- the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 spanning in a second direction between adjacent two groove layers and the two in-slot portions of a third U-shaped conductor segment 2003 spanning in a first direction The dimensions between them should be exactly the same, such as the distance L2 between the two in-slot portions 202, 203 of the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 from the radially outer second layer to the third layer, and the third The distance L3 between the two in-slot portions 202, 203 of the third U-shaped conductor segment 2003 when the layer spans the second layer is equal.
- the two in-slot portions 202 of the plurality of second U-shaped conductor segments 2002 spanning in a second direction between different slot layers due to differences in width between stator slots at different radial locations
- the distance L2 between 203 and 203 should also be different, for example, the distance L2 between the two in-slot portions 202, 203 of the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 from the radially outer second layer to the third layer.
- the distance L2' between the two in-slot portions 202, 203 of the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 when the third layer spans the fourth layer is different, more specifically, L2' is smaller than L2.
- first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 of the second U-shaped conductor segment 20 are on different surfaces, and likewise, the first in-slot portion 202 and the second portion of the third U-shaped conductor segment 2003 The in-slot portion 203 is also located on a different surface.
- the type of U-shaped conductor segments required for winding is small, and thus there are few devices for fabricating U-shaped conductor segments, and mass production is easy.
- the winding method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure minimizes the distance between the lead line and the star point line, and can be used as the structure of the initial stator assembly, for example, the structure setting at the time of shipment, and the windings can be respectively connected in parallel for the customer's demand.
- the number of roads is adjusted.
- the stator assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be processed to adjust it into a stator assembly having a parallel branch number of 1 channel, and then with the rotor, etc.
- the components are assembled to obtain a motor that is connected all the way; accordingly, when two-way access is required, the stator assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure is processed to adjust it to a stator assembly having two parallel branches.
- stator assembly 100 adjusts the number of different paths according to user requirements
- the processing method includes the following steps:
- g When q is an odd number, g has 2 choices: q road and 1 road;
- g When q is an even number, g has q/2+1 choices, q, q/2, q/4, ..., 1;
- the star point lines of each of the m phases are outwardly bent and connected by the neutral line 3; the lead wires of each of the m phases are fixed by welding and interface with the external controller. Connected.
- the material in the neutral line 3 herein may conform to the material of the U-shaped conductor segment 20.
- U-phase 4th lead wire is stretched and then U-phase 3 way
- the star-point line connection the U-phase 3-way lead-out line is stretched and connected to the U-phase 2-way star-point line
- the U-phase 2-way lead-out line is stretched and then the U-phase 1 way star-point line Connection
- the U-phase 1 way lead wire is welded and fixed to the external controller except the stator assembly; in addition, the U-phase 4-way star-point line is connected through the neutral line 3.
- the q channels in each phase are divided into q/2 groups, and the lead wires of one of the at least one group of the q/2 group are stretched and bent and fixed with the star line of the other road, one of which is fixed.
- the star-point lines are bent outward and connected by a neutral wire 3, and the other leads are soldered and connected to a controller interface other than the stator assembly.
- the U phase in the 4 way is taken as an example. If you want to change it to the second way, you can do it by: 4 ways in the U phase are divided into 2 groups, and the 1st and 2nd roads are the first.
- One group, the third road and the fourth road are the second group, wherein the lead line of the second road is welded and fixed to the star point line of the first road, and the star point line of the second road is connected with the neutral line 3, the first one The lead of the road is connected to a controller other than the stator assembly.
- the lead wire of the 4th road is fixed with the star point line of the 3rd road, the star point line of the 4th road is connected with the neutral line 3, and the lead line of the 3rd road is connected with the controller other than the stator assembly. Thus, two roads were finally formed.
- the number of windings of the stator assembly can be adjusted, and the adjustment mode is simple and quick; and the vehicle requirements of different motor voltage levels can be matched, and the vehicle requirements of different high-efficiency zones can also be matched.
- the number of roads can be adjusted to be different, so that the voltage difference between adjacent layers in each stator slot is different, the requirements for the layer insulation system are different, and thus different roads can be selected according to actual risks and cost control. Number plan.
- y 6
- the first in-slot portion 202 and the second in-slot portion 203 of each U-shaped conductor segment 20 differ by six stator slots.
- each stator slot 11 The six groove layers include layers a, b, c, d, e, and f arranged in sequence, in each stator slot.
- the innermost layer in the radial direction of the stator core 1 is the a layer
- the outermost layer is the f layer.
- the star point line and the lead line of each U phase are different from each other by 6 stator slots 11, and the two channels of each phase are different in the circumferential direction by one stator slot 11;
- U phase The adjacent star-point lines in the V-phase and the W-phase are different in the circumferential direction by four stator slots 11;
- the adjacent adjacent lead lines in the U-phase, the V-phase, and the W-phase are different in the circumferential direction by four stator slots 11.
- the U-phase 1-way lead line U1A and the U-phase 2-way lead-out line U2A are different from each other by one stator slot, and the V-phase 1-way lead-out line V1A and the V-phase 2-way are taken out.
- the line V2A differs by one stator slot; the W-phase 1 way lead line W1A and the W-phase 2 way lead line W2A differ by one stator slot.
- the U-phase 1 way lead line U1A and the U-phase 1 way star point line U1B are different from each other by 6 stator slots, and the U-phase 2 way lead lines U2A and U-phase 2 way
- the star-point line U2B differs by 6 stator slots; likewise, the two-way lead-out line V1A and the star-point line V1B, the lead-out line V2A, and the star-point line V2B are also different from each other by 6 stator slots; There are also six stator slots between the two-way lead line W1A and the star point line W1B, the lead line W2A, and the star point line W2B.
- the adjacent star-point lines in the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase are different from each other in the circumferential direction by four stator slots.
- the U-phase 1-way star-point line U1B and V-phase 1 The star point line V1B of the road and the star point line W1B of the W phase 1 road are sequentially different by 4 slots in the circumferential direction.
- U1B is taken out from the 07 slot e layer
- V1B is taken out from the 03 slot e layer, W1B. It is taken out from the 47-slot e layer.
- U2B, V2B, and W2B of the second path are taken out from the 08-slot e-layer, the 04-slot e-layer, and the 48-slot e-layer, respectively, with 4 stator slots in between.
- the U-phase 1 lead line U1A, the V-phase 1 way lead line V1A, and the W-phase 1 way lead line W1A are sequentially different by four slots in the circumferential direction, for example, in FIG. 2
- U1A is introduced from the 01-slot f layer
- V1A is introduced from the 45-slot f-layer
- W1A is introduced from the 41-slot f-layer
- the U2A, V2A, and W2A of the second path are introduced from the 02-slot f-layer, the 46-slot f-layer, and the 42-slot-f layer, respectively, with 4 stator slots in between.
- stator winding structure can be wound by the following winding method. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, taking the U-phase first path as an example, the winding line is as follows:
- the winding circuit of the U-phase second road is different from the U-phase first road by one stator slot in the circumferential direction.
- the lead wire U1A is introduced on the welding end into the radially outermost groove layer 1f of the first groove of the initial groove, and is connected to the first groove inner portion of the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001.
- the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001 is in the first direction
- the layer spans six stator slots and reaches the radially outermost groove layer 43f of the 43rd groove; for example, the second direction is the positive direction of rotation of the motor rotor, and the first direction is the opposite direction of the rotor of the motor.
- a plurality of second U-shaped conductor segments 2002 are spanned and sequentially connected in a second direction, each second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 spanning six stator slots, and the second slot portion of each second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 is located
- the groove layer is radially inward than the groove layer in which the inner portion of the first groove is located until the inner portion of the second groove is located in the radially inner inner groove layer, that is, the diameter of the groove from the 43th groove through a second U-shaped conductor segment 2002
- the radially outer outer groove layer 1e spanning to the outermost groove layer 43f to the first groove, and the groove from the radially outer outer groove layer 1e of the first groove to the seventh groove by the next second U-shaped conductor segment 2002 7d, and so on until the radial sub-inner layer 19b of the 19th slot is reached;
- each fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 spans six stator slots, and the second slot portion of each fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 is located
- the groove layer is radially outward from the groove layer in which the inner portion of the first groove is located until the inner portion of the second groove is located in the radially outer outer groove layer, that is, through the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 from the 19th groove
- the radially innermost groove layer 19a spans to the radially inner inner groove layer 13b of the thirteenth groove, and passes from the radially inner inner groove layer 13b of the thirteenth groove to the groove of the seventh groove by the next fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 Layer 7c, and so on, until reaching the radially outer outer layer 43e of the 43rd groove;
- the above arrangement is repeated using the first U-shaped conductor segment 2001, the second U-shaped conductor segment 2002, the third U-shaped conductor segment 2003, and the fourth U-shaped conductor segment 2004 until the second of the fourth U-shaped conductor segments 2004
- the inner portion of the groove reaches the adjacent layer of the radially outermost groove layer of the seventh groove of the terminating groove (ie, the secondary outer groove layer 7e) and connects the star point line U1B of the phase, wherein the seventh groove of the terminating groove is at the second
- the direction is different from the initial slot by 6 stator slots.
- a stator assembly for an 8-pole 48-slot 3-phase motor may be optionally machined into a two-way or one-way solution based on its initial stator assembly 100.
- the first road star lines U1B, V1B, W1B, and the second road star points U2B, V2B, and W2B of the U, V, and W phases are respectively bent outward and passed.
- the neutral wire 3 is welded and connected, as shown in Fig. 7.
- the first lead wires U1A, V1A, W1A, and the second lead wires U2A, V2A, W2A of the U, V, W three phases are welded and fixed by welding terminals. It is then connected to the controller interface.
- the U2, V2, and W2A of the U, V, and W phases are stretched and bent, and the first road star line U1B of the three phases of U, V, and W, V1B and W1B are respectively welded and fixed, and the second star point lines U2B, V2B, and W2B are respectively bent outward, and are connected by welding through the center line 3.
- the first lead wires U1A, V1A, and W1A of the three phases of U, V, and W are welded and fixed by soldering terminals, and then connected to the controller interface.
- each phase includes three paths (not shown), wherein the star points of each of the U phases
- the difference between the line and the lead line is 9 stator slots 11, and the two sides of the U phase are different from each other by one stator slot 11 in the circumferential direction; the two sides of the V phase are different in the circumferential direction by one stator slot 11
- the two phases of the W phase are different from each other in the circumferential direction by one stator slot 11, and the star-point lines corresponding to the U phase, the V phase, and the W are circumferentially different from each other by six stator slots 11, U phase, V phase, W
- the corresponding lead wires are different in the circumferential direction by six stator slots 11.
- the star point line of each phase of each phase is located in the radially outermost layer, and the lead line of each phase of each phase is located in the radial direction.
- the outer layer of the outer layer is convenient for the introduction of the lead wire, the extraction of the star point line, and the structure of the entire stator winding is simple.
- the stator assembly 100 has a soldering point only on the soldering end and no soldering terminal on the card issuing end, and the soldering process is simple and convenient; the number of coils required for winding is small, and the required equipment is small. Easy to achieve mass production.
- the winding method is adopted, so that the flat wire voltage difference between adjacent groove layers in the same groove is smaller than the existing solution, which can effectively reduce the risk of motor insulation breakdown and high reliability; in addition, the number of winding paths can be easily adjusted. .
- a motor 1000 according to a second aspect of the present disclosure includes a stator assembly 100 in accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure.
- the motor according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure improves the overall performance of the motor by providing the stator assembly according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
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Abstract
一种定子组件和电机,所述定子组件(100)包括定子铁芯(1)和定子绕组(2),定子绕组(2)包括第一U形导体段(2001)、第二U形导体段(2002)、第三U形导体段(2003)和第四U形导体段(2004)。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于申请号为201710911751.2,申请日为2017年9月29日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本公开作为参考。
本公开涉及电机领域,尤其涉及一种适用于车辆的驱动电机的定子组件和电机。
相关技术中的电枢连接及实现方式,从制作工艺方面来看,需要制作的扁线电枢种类多,且轴向两端均需要焊接,导致焊点多;另外,上述波绕方式中,扁线下线后难以准确固定,生产成本高,制作工艺难度大。而从电气连接方面看,采用上述相关技术中的绕线形式,在同一槽内的定子绕组不同层数间的电压差高,在高压情况下定子绕组层间容易击穿,导致短路,从而使电机失效。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本公开提出一种定子组件,所述定子组件绕线的制作工艺简单且电气连接安全可靠。
本公开第二方面提出一种具有上述定子组件的电机。
根据本公开第一方面实施例的定子组件,适用于z槽2p级m相的电机中,其每极每相槽数为q=z/m/(2p),并联支路数为a,a≤q,包括:定子铁芯,所述定子铁芯具有多个定子槽,每个所述定子槽中均具有多个槽层;
定子绕组,所述定子绕组包括多个由扁线制成的U形导体段,每个所述U形导体段包括头部和分别连接至所述头部的第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分,所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分之间的节距均为y个定子槽,其中y为整数且y=z/2p,所述U形导体段的第一槽内部分穿过其中一个定子槽中的其中一个槽层,所述第二槽内部分穿过另一个定子槽中的其中一个槽层,所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分穿过所述定子槽后其端部超出所述定子铁芯以形成焊接端,在所述焊接端上所述多个U形导体段的位于 多层的所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分焊接连接;
所述U形导体段包括第一U形导体段、第二U形导体段、第三U形导体段和第四U形导体段,在绕组绕制时,在每相每路中,
引出线在焊接端上与位于初始槽的径向最外槽层的一个第一U形导体段的第一槽内部分连接,所述第一U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;
多个第二U形导体段沿第二方向跨越且依次连接,每个第二U形导体段跨越y个定子槽,每个第二U形导体段的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向内一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次内槽层为止;
一个第三U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;
多个第四U形导体段沿第一方向跨越且依次连接,每个第四U形导体段跨越y个定子槽,每个第四U形导体段的的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向外一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次外槽层为止;
采用第一U形导体段、第二U形导体段、第三U形导体段和第四U形导体段重复上述设置,直至其中一个第四U形导体段的第二槽内部分到达终止槽的径向最外槽层的相邻层且连接该相该路的星点线,其中所述终止槽在在第二方向上与所述初始槽相差y个定子槽;
所述第一方向和第二方向为沿定子铁芯圆周上的相反方向。
根据本公开实施例的定子组件,将引出线和星点线均设置在焊接端I上,焊接工艺简单;另外,本公开实施例的定子组件,采用上述绕线方法,以实现沿第一方向绕制部分U形导体段,再沿第二方向绕制部分U形导体段,然后再沿第一方向绕制另外一部分U形导体段后再沿第一方向绕制部分U形导体段,以此循环,通过这种波绕方式,使得同槽内相邻槽层之间的扁线电压差比现有方案小,能有效减少电机绝缘击穿风险,可靠性高。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本公开的实践了解到。
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1为根据本公开实施例的定子组件中定子铁芯的示意图;
图2为根据本公开实施例的定子组件中U形导体段的示意图;
图3a-图3d是根据本公开实施例的定子组件绕线时采用的第一至第四U形导体段的 示意图;
图4为根据本公开第一方面实施例的作为初始设置的定子组件的示意图,其中以8极48槽3相为例示出;
图5为图4中的定子组件的绕线方式示意图,其中以U相1路为例示出;
图6为图4中定子组件经过加工后形成2路接线方式的最终定子组件;
图7为图4中定子组件经过加工后形成1路接线方式的最终定子组件;
图8为根据本公开实施例的电机的示意图。
附图标记:
定子组件100,定子铁芯1,定子槽11,
定子绕组2,U形导体段20,头部201,第一槽内部分202,第二槽内部分203,
第一U形导体段2001;第二U形导体段2002;第三U形导体段2003;第四U形导体段2004;
中性线3,发卡端I,焊接端II;
三相:U相、V相、W相
U相1路引出线U1A;U相2路引出线U2A;
U相1路星点线U1A;U相2路星点线U2B;
V相1路引出线V1A;V相2路引出线V2A;
V相1路星点线V1A;V相2路星点线V2B;
W相1路引出线W1A;W相2路引出线W2A;
W相1路星点线W1A;W相2路星点线W2B
下面详细描述本公开的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本公开,而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限 定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
下面先根据图1-图4描述根据本公开第一方面实施例的一种定子组件,该定子组件可以作为初始定子组件,并根据客户需求去对其进行加工以得到不同路数的最终形式的最终定子组件。
根据本公开一个实施例的一种定子组件100,包括:定子铁芯1和定子绕组2。
如图1所示,定子铁芯1上具有多个定子槽11,所述定子铁芯为圆筒形,定子铁芯1上具有多个定子槽11;定子槽11形成于定子铁芯1的内周壁上,并沿轴向(例如图1中所示的上下方向)贯穿定子铁芯1,且多个定子槽沿定子铁芯1的周向间隔布置,所述定子槽的深度方向与定子铁芯的径向方向一致。每个定子槽11中具有多个槽层111,具体地说,定子绕组插入到定子槽11后,定子槽内具有定子绕组形成的多个层,在本发明的一些实施例中,槽层111包括依次排列的a、b、c、d、e、f各层,在每个定子槽11中,在定子铁芯1的径向方向上位于最内层的为a层,位于最外层的为f层。定子绕组2包括多个U形导体段20。如图2和图3所示,每个U形导体段20包括折弯部201和分别连接至折弯部201的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203,第一槽内部分202穿过其中一个定子槽11中的其中一个槽层,第二槽内部分203穿过另一个定子槽11中的其中一个槽层,第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203穿过定子槽11后其端部超出定子铁芯1以形成焊接端II。
如图1所示,每个U形导体段20包括:槽内部分(例如所述的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203)和折弯部201,其中,槽内部分设置在定子槽11中,折弯部201连接槽内部分,槽内部分穿过定子槽11后,槽内部分的端部超出定子铁芯1,槽内部分的端部超出定子铁芯1形成定子绕组的焊接端。
U形导体段20的垂直于其延伸方向的横截面为非圆形,作为一个实施例,所述横截面均为矩形形状。可选地,U形导体段20的任一横截面为长方形形状,长方形的短边垂直于定子槽11底壁。具体的,在U形导体段20的延伸方向上,U形导体段20的横截面面积相等。
如图4所示,U形导体段20中的折弯部201所在一端为定子绕组2的发卡端I、且第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203穿过定子槽11后超出定子铁芯1的端部所在一端称为定子绕组2的焊接端II,如图3所示,焊接端2是由多个U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和与其相邻的U形导体段20的第二槽内部分203依次焊接形成。
其中在焊接端II上,任一相每一路的星点线和引出线在周向上相差3q个定子槽11,任一相的多路在周向上两两相差1个定子槽11;
m相中相邻相对应的星点线在周向上相差2q个定子槽11;
m相中相邻相对应的引出线在周向上相差2q定子槽11,
其中,每极每相槽数为q=z/m/(2p),并联支路数为a,a≤q;
其中,z为定子槽数,m为相数,2p为极数。
这里的定子组件100适用于z槽2p级m相的电机中,这里的槽数z可以为24、48、72等,相数m可以是三相、两相或单相,极对数p可以是8极、4极等,可以根据具体适用的电机进行设定。
在这里需要说明的是,“相差”指的是两个槽数之间的差数,例如初始槽是1,则相差6个槽后为第7槽。
上述绕组结构可以通过如下绕线方法进行绕制:
S1、提供多个U形导体段20,每个U形导体段20包括折弯部和分别连接至折弯部的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203,第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203之间的节距均为y个定子槽11,其中y为整数且y=z/2p,U形导体段20的垂直于其延伸方向的横截面均为矩形形状;
S2、将U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202穿过其中一个定子槽11中的其中一个槽层,第二槽内部分203穿过另一个定子槽11中的其中一个槽层,第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203穿过定子槽11后其端部超出定子铁芯以形成焊接端;
S3、在焊接端上,将多个U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203穿过定子槽后超出定子铁芯的端部焊接连接,以使绕组的缠绕方向被构造成在每相每路中:
S31、将焊接端的引出线引出至初始槽的径向最外槽层,引出线一端与定子绕组以外的控制器连接,另一端连接位于初始槽的径向最外槽层的U形导体段,所述初始槽即为U形导体段首次插入的定子槽11;
S32、U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽11;
S33、U形导体段沿第二方向跨越,每跨越y个定子槽11槽层的层数变化一层,其 中层数沿径向从外到内变化直至径向次内槽层;
S34、U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽11;
S35、U形导体段沿第一方向跨越,每跨越y个定子槽11槽层的层数变化一层,其中层数沿径向从内到外变化直至径向次外槽层;
S36、U形导体段重复S32-S35,直至绕线到达终止槽的径向最外槽层的相邻层、而后引出该相该路的星点线,其中终止槽在在第二方向上距离初始槽y个定子槽11,其中,这里的术语“终止槽”指的是线圈绕制完毕之后路过的最后一个定子槽。
所述第一方向和第二方向为沿定子铁芯圆周上的相反方向。
在这里需要说明的是,“跨越y个定子槽11”指的是两个槽数之间的差数为y。
根据本公开实施例的定子组件,将引出线和星点线均设置在焊接端I上,相较于传统线圈中在焊接端和发卡端均有焊接点,焊接工艺简单;另外,本公开实施例的定子组件,采用上述绕线方法,以实现沿第一方向绕制部分U形导体段,再沿第二方向绕制部分U形导体段,然后再沿第一方向绕制另外一部分U形导体段后再沿第一方向绕制部分U形导体段,以此循环,通过这种波绕方式,使得同槽内相邻槽层之间的绕组电压差比现有方案小,能有效减少电机绝缘击穿风险,可靠性高。
根据本公开的一个实施例,U形导体段20至少包括:多个第一U形导体段2001、多个第二U形导体段2002、多个第三U形导体段2003和多个第四U形导体段2004,第一U形导体段2001用于步骤S32中的同层跨越,第二U形导体段20用于步骤S33中绕线第二方向跨越时从径向外层向内径向跨越一层,第三U形导体段20用于步骤S35中绕线第一方向跨越时从径向内层向外跨越一层,第四U形导体段20用于步骤S34中的同层跨越。换句话说,第一U形导体段2001用于从径向最外层之间的同层跨越,而第四U形导体段2004用于径向最内层之间的同层跨越;第二U形导体段2002是外向内跨越一层即第二方向跨越一层时采用的,第三U形导体段2003是内向外跨越一层即第一方向跨越一层时采用的。
在这里需要说明的是,“跨越一层”指的是两个槽层层数之间的差数为1。
更具体地说,在每相每路的定子绕组绕制时,引出线在焊接端上与位于径向最外槽层的一个第一U形导体段2001的第一槽内部分连接,第一U形导体段2001沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;多个第二U形导体段2002沿第二方向跨越且依次连接,每个第二U形导体段2002跨越y个定子槽,每个第二U形导体段2002的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向内一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次内槽层为止;一个第三U形导体段2003沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;多个第四U形导体段 2004沿第一方向跨越且依次连接,每个第四U形导体段2004跨越y个定子槽,每个第四U形导体段2004的的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向外一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次外槽层为止;再采用第一U形导体段2001、第二U形导体段2002、第三U形导体段2003和第四U形导体段2004重复上述设置,直至某个第四U形导体段2004的第二槽内部分到达终止槽的径向最外槽层的相邻层且连接该相该路的星点线,其中终止槽在在第二方向上与初始槽相差y个定子槽。
如图2-图3d所示,U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203中任一个的端部均连接有连接部和焊接部,连接部相对于其所在槽内部分折弯。具体而言,如图3a和图3d所示,第一U形导体段20中第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203的连接部204的折弯方向一致,第四U形导体段20中第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203的连接部204的折弯方向一致,第一U形导体段20和第四U形导体段20的形状基本一致且连接部204的折弯方向相反,但是由于不同径向位置处的定子槽之间的宽度不同,导致第一U形导体段2001和第四U形导体段2004的跨越尺寸不同,即第一U形导体段2001的两条槽内部分202和203之间的距离L1、第四U形导体段2004的两条槽内部分202和203之间的距离L4是不同的,更确切地说,L1>L4。
而如图3b和图3c所示,第二U形导体段2002的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203的连接部204的折弯方向相反,第二U形导体段2002和第三U形导体段2003的形状基本一致,跨距也完全相同(6个定子槽)。本领域内技术人员应当容易理解,在相邻两层槽层之间的第二方向跨越的第二U形导体段2002和第一方向跨越的第三U形导体段2003的两条槽内部分之间的尺寸应当是完全一致的,例如从径向外侧第二层跨向第三层时的第二U形导体段2002的两条槽内部分202、203之间的距离L2,和第三层向第二层跨越时的第三U形导体段2003的两条槽内部分202、203之间的距离L3是相等的。当然,还可以理解的是,由于不同径向位置处的定子槽之间的宽度不同,在不同槽层之间第二方向跨越的多个第二U形导体段2002的两条槽内部分202、203之间的距离L2也应当是不同的,例如,从径向外侧第二层跨向第三层时的第二U形导体段2002的两条槽内部分202、203之间的距离L2、和第三层跨向第四层时的第二U形导体段2002的两条槽内部分202、203之间的距离L2’是不同的,更准确地说,L2’小于L2。
可选地,第二U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203位于不同表面上,同样地,第三U形导体段2003的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203也位于不同表面上。
根据本公开实施例的绕线方法,绕制所需的U形导体段的类型少,因此制作U形导体段的设备少,容易实现批量生产。
此外,根据本公开实施例的绕线方法,使得引出线和星点线之间的距离最小,可作为初始定子组件的结构,例如为出厂时的结构设置,可以针对客户需求分别对绕组并联支路数量进行调整。这样,在该定子组件的基础上,如用户需要1路接入时,可对本公开实施例的定子组件进行加工以将其调整成为并联支路数为1路的定子组件,然后再与转子等部件进行装配得到一路接入的电机;相应地,如需2路接入时,对本公开实施例的定子组件进行加工以将其调整成为并联支路数为2路的定子组件。
下面将详细描述上述定子组件100根据用户需求调整不同路数的加工方法。
所述加工方法包括以下步骤:
S1、选择路数g,g为大于等于1的自然数
其中q为奇数时,g具有2个选择:q路和1路;
q为偶数时,g有q/2+1个选择,q,q/2,q/4,……,1;
S2、选择路数g=q时,将m相中每路的星点线均向外折弯,并通过中性线3连接;m相中每路的引出线焊接固定后与外部控制器接口相连。可选地,这里的中性线3中的材料可以与U形导体段20的材料一致。
S3、选择路数g=1时,将每相中第k路的引出线拉长向外折弯后,依次与其对应相中第k-1路的星点线焊接固定,其中k为2~q的自然数;将每相中第1路的引出线焊接固定后与控制器接口相连;每相中除了第1路之外的其他路的星点线向外折弯并通过中性线3连接。
此时,为了描述清楚,以4路的U相绕线为例,如要将其变为一路,可通过以下方式进行:U相第4路的引出线拉长折弯后与U相3路的星点线连接,U相3路的引出线拉长折弯后与U相2路的星点线连接,U相2路的引出线拉长折弯后与U相1路的星点线连接,U相1路的引出线焊接固定后定子组件以外的与外部控制器相连;另外,U相4路的星点线通过中性线3连接。
S4、q为偶数时,每相中q路分为q/2组,q/2组的至少一组中其中一路的引出线拉长折弯后与另一路的星点线焊接固定,其中一路的星点线向外折弯并通过中性线3连接,另一路的引出线焊接固定后与定子组件以外的控制器接口相连。
为了描述清楚,仍以4路中的U相为例,如要将其变为二路,可通过以下方式进行:U相中的4路分为2组,第1路和第2路为第一组,第3路和第4路为第二组,其中,第2路的引出线与第1路的星点线焊接固定,第2路的星点线与中性线3连接,第1 路的引出线与定子组件以外的控制器相连。而第4路的引出线与第3路的星点线焊接固定,第4路的星点线与中性线3连接,第3路的引出线与定子组件以外的控制器相连。由此,最后形成了2路。
根据本公开实施例的加工方法,使得定子组件的绕线路数可调,且调节方式简易快捷;而且可以匹配不同电机电压等级的整车需求,也可以匹配不同高效区的整车需求。另外,由于路数可以调节为不同,从而使得在每个定子槽内的相邻层之间的电压差不同,对层件绝缘系统要求不同,进而可根据实际风险及成本控制来选择不同的路数方案。
下面将以根据本公开实施例的定子组件用于8极48槽3相的电机为例对定子组件、绕线方法和调整路数的加工方法进行说明:即定子槽数z=48,相数m=3,其中,三相包括U相、V相和W相;极数2p=8(即极对数为4),且三相中的每相均包括两路。
如图4所示,定子组件100的绕组2中,U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203之间的节距均为y个定子槽,其中y为整数且y=z/2p,这里,需要说明的是,“节距”是指同一个U形导体段20的第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分之间相差的定子槽的个数。对于8极48槽的定子组件100来说,y=6。也就是说,每个U形导体段20的第一槽内部分202和第二槽内部分203之间相差6个定子槽。
在下面的描述中,以每个定子槽11中以6层为例对本公开进行说明,6个槽层包括依次排列的a、b、c、d、e、f各层,在每个定子槽11中,在定子铁芯1的径向方向上位于最内层的为a层,位于最外层的为f层。
如图4所示的定子组件中,U相每一路的星点线和引出线之间相差6个定子槽11,各相的两路之间在周向上相差1个定子槽11;U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的星点线在周向上相差4个定子槽11;U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的引出线在周向上相差4个定子槽11。
如图5和图6中所示,U相1路的引出线U1A和U相2路的引出线U2A之间相差1个定子槽,V相1路的引出线V1A和V相2路的引出线V2A之间相差1个定子槽;W相1路的引出线W1A和W相2路的引出线W2A之间相差1个定子槽。
如图5和图6中所示,U相1路的引出线U1A和U相1路的星点线U1B之间相差6个定子槽,U相2路的引出线U2A和U相2路的星点线U2B之间相差6个定子槽;同样地,V相中两路的引出线V1A和星点线V1B、引出线V2A和星点线V2B之间也相差6个定子槽;W相中两路的引出线W1A和星点线W1B、引出线W2A和星点线W2B之间也相差6个定子槽。
U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的星点线在周向上相差4个定子槽,具体而言,以第 一路为例,U相1路的星点线U1B、V相1路的星点线V1B、和W相1路的星点线W1B在周向上依次相差4个槽,例如图2中所示,U1B从07槽e层引出,V1B从03槽e层引出,W1B从47槽e层引出。类似地,第二路的U2B、V2B和W2B分别从08槽e层、04槽e层和48槽e层引出,它们之间依次相差4个定子槽。
相应地,U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的引出线在周向上相差4个定子槽11。具体而言,以第一路为例,U相1路的引出线U1A、V相1路的引出线V1A、W相1路的引出线W1A在周向上依次相差4个槽,例如图2中所示,U1A自01槽f层引入,V1A从45槽f层引入,而W1A自41槽f层引入。类似地,第二路的U2A、V2A和W2A分别自02槽f层、46槽f层和42槽f层引入,它们之间依次相差4个定子槽。
而上述定子绕组结构可以通过如下绕线方法进行绕制,如图5和图6所示,以U相第一路为例,其绕线路线如下:
1f→43f→1e→7d→13c→19b→25a→19a→13b→7c→1d→43e→37f→31f→37e→43d→1c→7b→13a→7a→1b→43c→37d→31e→25f→19f→25e→31d→37c→43b→1a→43a→37b→31c→25d→19e→13f→7f→13e→19d→25c→31b→37a→31a→25b→19c→13d→7e
其中U相第二路的绕线线路在周向上与所述U相第一路相差1个定子槽。
在通过上述绕组绕制方法进行绕制时,采用了多个第一U形导体段、多个第二U形导体段2002、多个第三U形导体段2003和多个第四U形导体段2004,仍以U相第一路为例,参考图16和上述绕线路线,绕制每相每路定子绕组的情况具体如下:
引出线U1A在焊接端上引入初始槽第1槽的径向最外槽层1f,与第一U形导体段2001的第一槽内部分连接,第一U形导体段2001沿第一方向同层跨越6个定子槽,到达第43槽的径向最外槽层43f;例如,第二方向为电机转子旋转的正方向,第一方向为电机旋转转子的反方向。
通过多个第二U形导体段2002沿第二方向跨越且依次连接,每个第二U形导体段2002跨越6个定子槽,每个第二U形导体段2002的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向内一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次内槽层为止,即通过一个第二U形导体段2002从第43槽的径向最外槽层43f跨越至第1槽的径向次外槽层1e,通过下一个第二U形导体段2002从第1槽的径向次外槽层1e跨越至第7槽的槽层7d,以此类推,直至到达第19槽的径向次内层19b;
通过一个第三U形导体段2003沿第一方向同层跨越6个定子槽,从第25槽的径向最内槽层25a到达第19槽的径向最内槽层19a;
通过多个第四U形导体段2004沿第一方向跨越且依次连接,每个第四U形导体段2004跨越6个定子槽,每个第四U形导体段2004的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向外一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次外槽层为止,即,通过一个第四U形导体段2004从第19槽的径向最内槽层19a跨越至第13槽的径向次内槽层13b,通过下一个第四U形导体段2004从第13槽的径向次内槽层13b跨越至第7槽的槽层7c,以此类推,直至到达第43槽的径向次外层43e;
再采用第一U形导体段2001、第二U形导体段2002、第三U形导体段2003和第四U形导体段2004重复上述设置,直至某个第四U形导体段2004的第二槽内部分到达终止槽第7槽的径向最外槽层的相邻层(即次外槽层7e)且连接该相该路的星点线U1B,其中终止槽第7槽在在第二方向上与初始槽相差6个定子槽。
在一些实施例中,针对适用于8极48槽3相的电机的定子组件,在其初始定子组件100的基础上,可选择将其加工成两路方案或一路方案。
当用户选择为两路方案时,将U、V、W三相的第一路星点线U1B、V1B、W1B、以及第二路星点线U2B、V2B、W2B分别向外折弯,并通过中性线3焊接相连,如图7所示,最后将U、V、W三相的第一路引出线U1A、V1A、W1A、以及第二路引出线U2A、V2A、W2A通过焊接端子焊接固定后与控制器接口相连。
当用户选择为一路方案时,将U、V、W三相的第二路引出线U2A、V2A、W2A拉长折弯后,与U、V、W三相的第一路星点线U1B、V1B、W1B分别焊接固定,且第二路星点线U2B、V2B、W2B分别向外折弯,通过中心线3焊接相连。最后,将U、V、W三相的第一路引出线U1A、V1A、W1A通过焊接端子焊接固定后与控制器接口相连。
当然,当定子槽数、极数和相数不同时,每相每路的绕线结构也是不同的。
例如,当定子槽数为72,极数为8,相数为3且包括U相、V相和W相,每相包括三路(图未示出),其中,U相每一路的星点线和引出线之间相差9个定子槽11,U相的三路之间两两在周向上相差1个定子槽11;V相的三路之间两两在周向上相差1个定子槽11,W相的三路之间两两在周向上相差1个定子槽11,U相、V相、W相对应的星点线在周向上相差6个定子槽11,U相、V相、W相对应的引出线在周向上相差6个定子槽11。
值得注意的是,在一些优选的实施例中,在定子绕组的焊接端II上,任一相每一路的星点线位于径向上最外层,且任一相每一路的引出线位于径向上的次外层,这样便于引出线的引入、星点线的引出,而且整个定子绕组结构简单。
综上所述,根据本公开实施例的定子组件100,仅在焊接端上有焊接点,而在发卡端上无焊接端子,焊接工艺简单方便;绕线所需线圈种类少,所需设备少,容易实现批量生产。另外,采用此种绕线方法,使得同槽内相邻槽层之间的扁线电压差比现有方案小,能有效减少电机绝缘击穿风险,可靠性高;此外,绕组路数容易调整。
参照图8,根据本公开第二方面的电机1000,包括根据本公开第一方面的定子组件100。
根据本公开第二方面实施例的电机,通过设置根据本公开第一方面实施例的定子组件,从而提高了电机的整体性能。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
- 一种定子组件,适用于z槽2p级m相的电机中,其每极每相槽数为q=z/m/(2p),并联支路数为a,a≤q,其特征在于,包括:圆筒形的定子铁芯,所述定子铁芯上具有沿所述定子铁芯的圆周方向间隔排列的多个定子槽;定子绕组,所述定子绕组包括多个U形导体段,每个所述U形导体段包括折弯部和分别连接至所述折弯部的第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分,所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分之间的节距均为y个定子槽,其中y为整数且y=z/2p,所述U形导体段的第一槽内部分穿过其中一个定子槽中的其中一个槽层,所述第二槽内部分穿过另一个定子槽中的其中一个槽层,所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分穿过所述定子槽后其端部超出所述定子铁芯以形成焊接端,在所述焊接端上所述多个U形导体段的位于相邻层的所述第一槽内部分和所述第二槽内部分焊接连接;所述U形导体段包括第一U形导体段、第二U形导体段、第三U形导体段和第四U形导体段,在绕组绕制时,在每相每路中,引出线在焊接端上与位于初始槽的径向最外槽层的一个第一U形导体段的第一槽内部分连接,所述第一U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;多个第二U形导体段沿第二方向跨越且依次连接,每个第二U形导体段跨越y个定子槽,每个第二U形导体段的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向内一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次内槽层为止;一个第三U形导体段沿第一方向同层跨越y个定子槽;多个第四U形导体段沿第一方向跨越且依次连接,每个第四U形导体段跨越y个定子槽,每个第四U形导体段的的第二槽内部分所在槽层比第一槽内部分所在槽层沿径向向外一层,直至第二槽内部分位于径向次外槽层为止;采用第一U形导体段、第二U形导体段、第三U形导体段和第四U形导体段重复上述设置,直至其中一个第四U形导体段的第二槽内部分到达终止槽的径向最外槽层的相邻层且连接该相该路的星点线,其中所述终止槽在在第二方向上与所述初始槽相差y个定子槽;其中,所述第一方向和第二方向为沿定子铁芯圆周上的相反方向。
- 根据权利要求1所述的定子组件,其特征在于,每个所述定子槽中所述槽层的层数为偶数。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的定子组件,其特征在于,同相中相邻路对应的引出线周向上相差1个定子槽。
- 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的定子组件,其特征在于,m相中相邻相对应的的星点线之间在周向上相差2q个定子槽,m相中相邻相对应的引出线之间在周向上两两相差2q个定子槽。
- 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的定子组件,其特征在于,所述U形导体段的所述第一槽内部分的端部和第二槽内部分的端部中的任一个均连接有连接部和焊接部,所述连接部相对于其所在槽内部分折弯。
- 根据权利要求5所述的定子组件,其特征在于,所述第一U形导体段中第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分的连接部的折弯方向一致;所述第四U形导体段中第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分的连接部的折弯方向一致;所述第一U形导体段和所述第四U形导体段的连接部的折弯方向相反。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的定子组件,其特征在于,所述第二U形导体段的第一槽内部分和第二槽内部分的连接部的折弯方向相反,所述第二U形导体段和第三U形导体段的形状一致。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的定子组件,其特征在于,所述定子组件适用于的电机的槽数z=48,极对数p=4,相数=3,节距y=6,所述48个定子槽中的每个槽内均具有6个槽层a、b、c、d、e、f,3相包括U相、V相和W相,每相路数a为2路,其中所述定子的U相第一路的绕线路线如下:1f→43f→1e→7d→13c→19b→25a→19a→13b→7c→1d→43e→37f→31f→37e→43d→1c→7b→13a→7a→1b→43c→37d→31e→25f→19f→25e→31d→37c→43b→1a→43a→37b→31c→25d→19e→13f→7f→13e→19d→25c→31b→37a→31a→25b→19c→13d→7eU相第二路的绕线线路在周向上与所述U相第一路相差1个定子槽;U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的星点线在周向上相差4个定子槽;U相、V相、W相中相邻相对应的引出线在周向上相差4个定子槽。
- 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的定子组件,其特征在于,在所述U形导体段的延伸方向上,所述U形导体段的横截面面积相等。
- 一种电机,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的定子组件。
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