WO2018162377A1

WO2018162377A1 - Autonomously buoyant heavyweight foundation for connection to a buoyant offshore plant

Info

Publication number: WO2018162377A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/055279
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jochen Grossmann; Frank Dahlhaus
Original assignee: Gicon Windpower Ip Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-03-06
Filing date: 2018-03-05
Publication date: 2018-09-13
Also published as: ES2857951T3; JP2020510145A; PT3592640T; DE102017104640B4; MY191382A; CN110382344A; EP3592640A1; DE102017104640A1; CN110382344B; EP3592640B1

Abstract

The invention relates to autonomously buoyant heavyweight foundations (1) for connection to an offshore plant for converting wind energy or solar energy into electrical energy comprising a solid plate (2), at least one fillable chamber (3) and attachment means (5) for a supporting structure (10) of a wind turbine or solar plant. These are characterised in particular in that the offshore plant can be simply anchored at a fixed location. To this end, the solid plate (2) has anchor plates (4) each having an attachment means (5) for connection to at least one bracing means (13) for connection to the supporting structure (10). The anchor plate (4) comprises at least one vertically oriented or substantially vertically oriented first plate 6 having the attachment means (5) and at least one horizontally or substantially horizontally oriented second plate (7). The first plate (6) is at least partially in the solid plate (2) so that the second plate (7) is covered by a region of the solid plate (2). The first plates 6 of the anchor plates (4) are first plates (6) transferring the tensile forces of the supporting structure (10) and the second plates (7) are plates exerting the pressure forces resulting from the tensile forces onto the solid plate (2).

Description

Self-contained floating heavyweight foundation for connection to a floating offshore facility

The invention relates to autonomously buoyant heavyweight foundations for connection to a buoyant offshore plant for converting wind or solar energy into electrical energy with a solid concrete, reinforced concrete, composite with concrete or a combination thereof, at least one fillable chamber, and fasteners for connecting a structure in connection with a tower of a wind turbine or with at least one carrier with a solar system, wherein the floating heavy-weight foundation has empty chambers and the lowered heavy-weight foundation filled chambers.

To anchor a floating structure in the open sea with a wind turbine, service station or converter station in the bottom of the lake piles are known. For this purpose, bored piles can be used as steel drilled into the ground. The earth is removed from the interior of the pipe and concrete is introduced into the cavity formed by the pipe. Such a solution is known inter alia by the document DE 196 41 422 A1 as a method for producing a concrete boring pile. Another possibility are so-called Rammpfähle, as they are known, for example, by the document DE 28 23 269 A1 as Stahlrammpfähle. The use of piles results in their placement in the bottom of the lake in particular to a strong noise.

The publication DE 10 2009 044 278 A1 discloses a floating foundation with improved bracing. The floating foundation has anchors that are vertically arranged below junctions of a floating structure. These are stationary in horizontal distances from each other on the seabed. The anchors are preferably ballast bodies in the form of heavyweight foundations that are not buoyant.

Floating buoyancy in conjunction with anchors for wind turbines in the open sea is known, for example, from the document GB 2 378 679 A. The swimming foundation realized for this purpose consists of several buoyancy bodies, which are connected via radial steel struts with the tower of the wind turbine. The steel struts are arranged cross-shaped in plan view and not connected to each other. If bending forces occur at the radial steel struts of the structure, they lead to high bending moments. A heavyweight anchor for offshore installations is known from document US 4 296 706 A. This has a refillable container that can be filled with water to lower it by flooding. The water is replaced by ballast, so that the heavyweight anchor on the seabed is realized. At this several more containers can be arranged so that the transport to a new location is easily possible. Tie-downs for an offshore installation and their attachment are not specified.

Document DE 10 2015 208 162 162 A1 discloses a buoyant heavy-weight anchor for anchoring a supporting structure floating in the open sea with a wind power plant, service station or converter station. The heavyweight anchor has a solid plate, a plurality of floatable chambers, and buoyant body fasteners, the floating heavyweight anchor having non-flooded chambers, the lowering heavyweight anchor partially flooded chambers, and the lowered heavyweight anchor having flooded chambers. The buoyant heavyweight anchor is a monolithic heavyweight anchor.

The indicated in claim 1 invention has for its object to anchor an offshore facility simply stationary.

This object is achieved with the features listed in claim 1.

The self-contained buoyant heavyweight foundations for connection to a buoyant offshore wind turbine or solar power conversion plant having a solid concrete, reinforced concrete, composite with concrete or a combination thereof, at least one fillable chamber and fasteners for connecting a structure in communication with a tower of a wind turbine or with at least one carrier with a solar system, the floating heavyweight founding has empty chambers and the lowered heavyweight founding filled chambers, are characterized in particular by the fact that the offshore facility is simply anchored stationary.

For this purpose, the solid plate anchor plates each having a fastening means for connection to at least one anchoring means for connection to the supporting structure. The anchor plate has at least one vertically oriented or substantially vertically oriented first plate with the attachment means and at least one horizontally or substantially horizontally oriented second plate. Furthermore, the first plate is at least partially in the solid plate, so that the second plate is covered by a region of the solid plate. Thus, the first plates of the anchor plates are tensile forces of the structure forwarding first plates and the second plates of the anchor plates resulting from the tensile forces compressive forces on the solid plate performing second plates.

The self-sufficient buoyant heavyweight foundation is thus buoyant on site and lowers itself by flooding the chambers themselves. If there are any currents, it should only be held in position. The lowering can advantageously be controlled by the flood controlled. The flooded chambers naturally increase the weight of heavyweight founding on the bottom of the sea.

The production can be done completely on land. Then it is easily transportable by towing itself or by means of a transport ship or in a dry dock to the place of placement of the offshore facility. The heavyweight foundation is easily removed from the bottom of the lake in the event of disturbances or when not needed. The chambers are easy to fill with air, so that the heavyweight anchor simply floats.

For fastening a supporting structure, which is essentially underwater and has buoyancy bodies, the first plates of the anchor plates are each provided with a fastening means for connection to at least one anchoring means for connection to the supporting structure. By the buoyancy of the anchoring means and thus the first plates of the anchor plates are claimed to train. The second horizontally or substantially horizontally oriented plate in or on the solid plate thereby presses on the solid plate. The tensile forces of the anchoring means are converted by the anchor plates quasi in acting on the solid plate as a concrete body pressure forces.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the claims 2 to 12.

The first plate and the second plate are connected to each other according to the embodiment of claim 2 directly and / or via at least one connecting plate.

According to the embodiment of claim 3, at least one third plate arranged transversely to the first plate and at an angle to the second plate is located on the first plate. This third plate directs the tensile force of a with an angle greater than 0 and less than 90 ° with respect to the solid plate arranged anchoring means proportionately as compressive force to the center of the solid plate. The solid plate with the anchor plates and the chamber are formed according to the embodiment of claim 4 monolithic.

The chamber has according to the embodiment of claim 5 partitions. The heavyweight foundation can be safely lowered safely.

The heavyweight foundation has, according to the embodiment of claim 6, a central chamber and symmetrically arranged around the central chamber and the same design chambers on the solid plate. Thus, the anchoring means can be guided between the chambers.

The chamber has according to the embodiment of claim 7 at least one inlet and at least one outlet for filling the chamber, wherein the inlet at the bottom of the chamber and the outlet are arranged either on the ceiling or in the ceiling. During filling, essentially the entire chamber of the chamber can be provided with a filling body. When lowering, for example, water is introduced into the chamber, which is replaced after lowering by sand. This is pressed into the chamber, at the same time water escapes. The arrangement of inlet and outlet prevent an otherwise occurring bulk cone.

The heavyweight foundation has according to the embodiment of claim 8 Erdspieße on. These penetrate the ground and reduce the risk of slipping the heavyweight foundation on the ground.

The anchor plate has according to the embodiment of claim 9 in cross-section an inverted T-shape, wherein the legs of the first plate and the crossbar are the second plate.

The solid plate of the heavy-weight foundation has according to the embodiment of claim 10 a polygonal, for example, square base. In the corner areas and at least in the central areas of the sides are anchor plate, so that vertically and obliquely extending anchoring means are connectable to the anchor plates.

The floating heavyweight foundation is connected to the floating and floatable buoyancy structure having tensioning means according to the embodiment of claim 1 1, wherein the heavyweight foundation and the structure on site one after the other by a flooding of the chamber can be lowered gravity foundation and a lowered by at least partially flooding the buoyancy body and floating by pressed air in the buoyancy structure are. The heavyweight foundation and the structure with or without a tower of a wind turbine or with at least one carrier with a solar system as components of the offshore facility can be easily moved together. On site, the heavyweight foundation and the structure can then be placed by flooding the chambers and the buoyancy bodies. This is the structure especially an underwater structure, with only a support framework cuts through the water surface. By filling the chambers and / or the buoyancy bodies, the offshore installation can easily be relocated to a new location.

The bases of the heavyweight foundation and the structure according to the embodiment of claim 12 have the same geometry and the same dimensions.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in principle in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Show it:

1 is a self-contained buoyant heavyweight foundations as part of an offshore plant for the conversion of wind energy or solar energy into electrical energy, Fig. 2 an anchor plate with a fastener,

3 an anchor plate with fastening means,

Fig. 4 is a self-sufficient buoyant heavyweight founding in connection with a structure with a wind turbine during transport, while lowering the heavyweight foundation and lowered on site heavyweight founding.

A self-sufficient buoyant heavyweight foundation 1 for connection to a floating offshore plant for the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy consists essentially of a solid plate 2, fillable chambers 3, fastening means for connecting a supporting structure 10 in connection with a tower 1 1 of a wind turbine or at least a carrier with a solar system and anchor plates 4 in the solid plate. 2

1 shows a self-sufficient buoyant gravity foundation 1 as part of an offshore plant for the conversion of wind energy or solar energy into electrical energy in a schematic representation. The solid plate 1 and the chambers 3 are monolithic and consist of concrete, reinforced concrete, a composite with concrete or a combination thereof. The chambers 3 may have partitions and / or supports, which may also consist of concrete, reinforced concrete, a composite with concrete or a combination thereof. The solid plate 2 has a square base and in it at least in the corner anchor plates

4 arranged. 1 a shows a basic plan view thereof and FIG. 1 b shows a basic sectional view of a self-sufficient buoyant heavy-weight founding 1, respectively.

2 shows an anchor plate 4 with a fastening means 5 in a basic representation.

The anchor plate 4 with the fastening means 5 for connection to at least one anchoring means for connection to the supporting structure comprises a vertically oriented first plate 6 with the fastening means 5 and horizontally oriented second plates 7 connected to the first plate 6. The first plate 6 and the second plate 7 are connected to each other directly and / or via at least one connecting plate 8. The connecting plates 8 may also connect a first plate 6 spaced apart from the second plate 7. The first plate 6 and the second plate 7 have in cross-section an inverted T-shape. The first plate 6 is located at least partially in the solid plate 1, so that the second plates 7 are covered by a region of the solid plate 1. Thus, the first plates 6 of the anchor plates 4 tensile forces of the structure forwarding first plates 6 and the second plates 7 of the anchor plates 4 resulting from the tensile forces compressive forces on the solid plate 1 performing second plates 7. The fastener 5 of the first plate 6 is a bore. 2a shows a schematic front view and FIG. 2b shows a basic plan view of the anchor plate 4.

3 shows an anchor plate 4 with fastening means 5 in a basic representation.

In one embodiment of an anchor plate 4, the first plate 6 has a plurality of fastening means

5 in the form of spaced apart holes. The first plate 6 is connected to the second plates 7 via transverse connection plates 8. The first plate 6 is arranged at a distance from the second plates 7. Of course, the first plate 6 may be connected to the second plates 7. On the first plate 6 are transversely to the first plate 6 and at an angle to the second plates 7 arranged third plates 9. These third plates 9 direct the tensile force of an angle greater than 0 and less than 90 ° with respect to the solid plate 1 arranged guying proportionally Compressive force to the center of the solid plate 1. For this purpose, Fig. 3a shows a schematic front view and Fig. 3b shows a basic plan view of the anchor plate 4. The first plate 6 is in turn at least partially in the solid plate 1, so that the second plates 7 are covered by a portion of the solid plate 1. Thus shd the first plates 6 of the anchor plates 4 tensile forces of the structure forwarding first plates 6 and the second plates 7 of the anchor plates 4 shing from the tensile forces resulting compressive forces on the solid plate 1 second plates. 7

4 shows a self-sufficient buoyant gravity foundation 1 in conjunction with a supporting structure 10 with a wind turbine 12 during transport, when lowering the heavyweight foundation and lowered on site heavyweight foundry. 1

The structure 10 is a floating in the open sea and connected by guy 13 with the heavyweight foundation 1 support structure 10 for the wind turbine 12. The structure 10 itself has an underwater first component with buoyancy bodies 14 and the water surface 15 by cutting second component. The arranged below the water surface 15 first component has arranged at the vertices of a quadrangle and extending in the direction perpendicular to a plane buoyant body 14. At this the water surface 15 intersecting second component of the structure 10 is coupled. The buoyancy bodies 14 are connected to each other. The connection can be pipes, which at the same time serve for buoyancy. The interiors of the buoyancy bodies 14 and the tubes can advantageously define a cavity for this purpose. The buoyant body 14 may be a hollow cylinder with a base plate and a cover plate. The second component of the structure 10 has the water surface 15 intersecting support elements and support means for the tower 1 1 of the wind turbine 12th

The floating heavyweight foundation 1 has partially flooded chambers 3, the lowering gravity forming 1 further partially flooded chambers 3 and the lowered heavyweight foundation 1 flooded chambers 3. The floating heavyweight foundation 1 and the floating floatable buoyancy body 14 having support structure 10 are connected to each other, the heavyweight founding and the structure 10 on site successively one lowered by flooding of the chambers 3 heavyweight foundation 1 and then a sinking by flooding the buoyancy body 14 structure 10 are. The lowered under the water surface 15 buoyant body 14 of the structure 10 grazing in position relative to the heavyweight foundation 1 filled with air, so that the structure 10 is a floating structure 10 and the second component is below the water surface 15. The buoyancy bodies 14 have for this purpose a cavity, which can be flooded with seawater as well as with a gaseous for positioning as an underwater structure Medium as air fillable cavity of the buoyant body 14 is. The heavyweight foundation 1 is located on the ground 16 of the lake and is connected via the anchoring means 13 to the supporting structure 10. These can be oriented vertically and / or arranged obliquely. The buoyancy bodies 14 of the structure 10 can also not be formed flooded, wherein the structure 10 can be pulled down on site at the anchoring means 13. Advantageously, the bases of the heavyweight foundations 1 and 10 of the structure may be the same, which may have the same dimensions.

An independently buoyant heavyweight foundation 1 for connection to a floating offshore plant for the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, instead of the tower 1 of the wind turbine 12 has a support with solar modules.

reference numeral

1 heavyweight foundation

2 solid plate

3 chamber

4 anchor plate

5 fasteners

6 first plate

7 second plate

8 connection plate

9 third plate

10 structure

1 1 tower

12 wind turbine

13 Absorbing means

14 buoyancy bodies

15 water surface

16 bottom of the lake

Claims

claims

1 . Self-contained buoyant heavyweight foundation (1) for connection to a buoyant offshore wind turbine or solar power conversion plant to electrical energy with a solid slab (2) of concrete, reinforced concrete, a composite with concrete or a combination thereof, at least one fillable chamber (3) and fastening means (5) for connecting a supporting structure (10) in connection with a tower (1 1) of a wind power plant or with at least one carrier with a solar system, the floating heavyweight foundation (1) having empty chambers (3) and the lowered heavyweight foundation (1 ) has filled chambers (3), characterized in that the solid plate (2) anchor plates (4) each having a fastening means (5) for connection to at least one anchoring means (13) for connection to the supporting structure (10) that the anchor plate (4) at least one vertically oriented or substantially vertically oriented first plate (6) with the fastener means (5) and at least one horizontally or substantially horizontally oriented second plate (7), that the first plate (6) is at least partially in the solid plate (2), so that the second plate (7) of a portion of Solid plate (2) is covered, so that the first plates (6) of the anchor plates (4) tensile forces of the structure (10) forwarding first plates (6) and the second plates (7) of the anchor plates (4) resulting from the tensile forces compressive forces on the solid plate (2) performing second plates (7).

2. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first plate (6) and the second plate (7) directly and / or via at least one Verbhdungsplatte (8) are interconnected.

3. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that on the first plate (6) at least one transversely to the first plate (6) and at an angle to the second plate (7) arranged third plate (9).

4. heavy-weight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid plate (2) with the anchor plates (4) and the chamber (3) are monolithic.

5. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber (3) has partitions.

6. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heavyweight foundation (1) has a central chamber and arranged symmetrically about the central chamber and identically designed chambers on the solid plate (2).

Heavy-weight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber (3) has at least one inlet and at least one outlet for filling the chamber (3) and that the inlet at the bottom of the chamber (3) and the outlet either on the ceiling or in the ceiling of the chamber (3) are arranged.

8. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heavyweight foundation (1) earth spikes.

9. heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor plate (4) has a reverse T-shape in cross-section, wherein the leg of the first plate (6) and the crossbar, the second plate (7).

10. heavy-weight foundation according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the solid plate (2) of the heavyweight foundation (1) has a polygonal base, that in the corner areas and at least in the central regions of the sides anchor plates (4) are located, so that vertically and obliquely extending anchoring means (13) with the anchor plates (4) are connectable.

1 1. Heavyweight foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating heavyweight foundation (1) with the floating and floatable buoyancy body (14) having supporting structure (10) is connected via anchoring means (13), wherein the heavyweight foundation (1) and the supporting structure (10) before Place sequentially one by flooding the chamber (3) lowerable heavyweight foundation and by at least partially flooding the buoyancy body (6) lowered and by pressed air into the buoyancy bodies (6) floating support structure (10).

12. heavyweight foundation according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that the bases of the heavyweight foundation (1) and the supporting structure (10) have the same geometry and the same dimensions.