WO2017022145A1 - 三次元形状造形物の製造方法および三次元形状造形物 - Google Patents
三次元形状造形物の製造方法および三次元形状造形物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017022145A1 WO2017022145A1 PCT/JP2016/000645 JP2016000645W WO2017022145A1 WO 2017022145 A1 WO2017022145 A1 WO 2017022145A1 JP 2016000645 W JP2016000645 W JP 2016000645W WO 2017022145 A1 WO2017022145 A1 WO 2017022145A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
- B22F3/162—Machining, working after consolidation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/007—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
- B29C64/336—Feeding of two or more materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/39—Traceability, e.g. incorporating identifier into a workpiece or article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/005—Article surface comprising protrusions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/42—Plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0838—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
- B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
- B29C2071/025—Quenching, i.e. rapid cooling of an object
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/0011—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for shaping plates or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/25—Solid
- B29K2105/251—Particles, powder or granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object and a three-dimensional shaped object.
- this indication is related with the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional modeled object which forms a solidification layer by light beam irradiation to a powder layer, and the three-dimensional modeled model obtained by it.
- a method for producing a three-dimensional shaped object by irradiating a powder material with a light beam has been conventionally known. This method manufactures a three-dimensional shaped object by repeatedly performing powder layer formation and solid layer formation alternately based on the following steps (i) and (ii).
- the obtained three-dimensional shaped object can be used as a mold.
- organic resin powder is used as the powder material, the obtained three-dimensional shaped object can be used as various models.
- a metal powder is used as a powder material and a three-dimensional shaped object obtained thereby is used as a mold.
- the squeezing blade 23 is moved to form a powder layer 22 having a predetermined thickness on the modeling plate 21 (see FIG. 6A).
- the solidified layer 24 is formed from the powder layer 22 by irradiating a predetermined portion of the powder layer 22 with the light beam L (see FIG. 6B).
- a new powder layer 22 is formed on the obtained solidified layer 24, and a light beam is irradiated again to form a new solidified layer 24.
- the solidified layer 24 is laminated (see FIG.
- a three-dimensional structure composed of the laminated solidified layer 24 is formed.
- a shaped object can be obtained. Since the solidified layer 24 formed as the lowermost layer is connected to the modeling plate 21, the three-dimensional modeled object and the modeling plate 21 form an integrated object, and the integrated object is used as a mold. Can do.
- the mold cavity portion formed by combining the so-called “core side” and “cavity side” molds is filled with a molten molding raw material
- the final molded product is obtained. More specifically, after the molding raw material in a molten state is filled in the mold cavity, the molding raw material is solidified by subjecting the molding raw material to cooling in the mold cavity to obtain a final molded product. That is, the molding raw material filled in the mold cavity is removed so as to change from a molten state to a solidified state, and a molded product is obtained from the molding raw material.
- Heat removal of the molding material is done by transferring the heat of the molding material filled in the mold cavity to the mold, but it is cooled inside the three-dimensional shaped object to help such heat removal.
- a media path may be provided.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the desired heat removal of the forming raw material may not be achieved depending on the form of the cooling medium path provided inside the three-dimensional shaped object.
- the cooling medium path generally used has a relatively simple cross-sectional outline (for example, a simple shape such as a rectangular shape or a circular shape).
- a simple shape such as a rectangular shape or a circular shape.
- the heat removal of the molding raw material becomes non-uniform. That is, molding defects may occur. For example, there may be a problem that the shape accuracy of the molded product is lowered due to such non-uniform heat removal.
- the main problem of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a three-dimensional shaped object having a heat removal characteristic more suitable as a mold, and the three-dimensional shape shaping with a more suitable heat removal characteristic. Is to provide things.
- a three-dimensional shaped object is manufactured by alternately repeating powder layer formation and solidified layer formation by forming a layer and irradiating a predetermined portion of the new powder layer with a light beam to form a further solidified layer.
- a method In the production of a three-dimensional shaped object, the cooling medium path is formed inside the three-dimensional shaped object, and the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object is formed in an uneven shape, A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object is provided, wherein a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path and the uneven surface are formed in the same shape.
- a three-dimensional shaped object provided with a cooling medium path therein
- a three-dimensional shaped object characterized in that the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object has an uneven shape, and a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path and the uneven surface are the same shape.
- a three-dimensional shaped article having heat removal characteristics more suitable as a mold can be obtained. More specifically, when a three-dimensional shaped object is used as a mold, a mold with a more uniform heat removal effect by the cooling medium path is obtained.
- Schematic sectional view showing a three-dimensional shaped article obtained by the manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention Schematic cross-sectional view showing an aspect of a three-dimensional shaped object used as a mold
- Schematic cross-sectional view showing the process mode of stereolithography combined processing in which the powder sintering lamination method is performed Schematic perspective view showing configuration of stereolithography combined processing machine Flow chart showing general operation of stereolithography combined processing machine
- powder layer means, for example, “a metal powder layer made of metal powder” or “a resin powder layer made of resin powder”.
- the “predetermined portion of the powder layer” substantially refers to the region of the three-dimensional shaped object to be manufactured. Therefore, by irradiating the powder existing at the predetermined location with a light beam, the powder is sintered or melted and solidified to form a three-dimensional shaped object.
- solidified layer means “sintered layer” when the powder layer is a metal powder layer, and means “cured layer” when the powder layer is a resin powder layer.
- the “up and down” direction described directly or indirectly in the present specification is a direction based on the positional relationship between the modeling plate and the three-dimensional modeled object, for example, and is based on the modeling plate.
- the side on which the product is manufactured is “upward”, and the opposite side is “downward”.
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a process aspect of stereolithographic composite processing
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the main configuration and operation of the stereolithographic composite processing machine 1 capable of performing the powder sintering lamination method and the cutting process.
- the stereolithography combined processing machine 1 includes a powder layer forming unit 2, a light beam irradiation unit 3, and a cutting unit 4 as shown in FIG. 7.
- the powder layer forming means 2 is means for forming a powder layer by spreading a powder such as a metal powder or a resin powder with a predetermined thickness.
- the light beam irradiation means 3 is a means for irradiating a predetermined portion of the powder layer with the light beam L.
- the cutting means 4 is a means for cutting the side surface of the laminated solidified layer, that is, the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object.
- the powder layer forming means 2 mainly comprises a powder table 25, a squeezing blade 23, a modeling table 20, and a modeling plate 21, as shown in FIG.
- the powder table 25 is a table that can be moved up and down in a powder material tank 28 whose outer periphery is surrounded by a wall 26.
- the squeezing blade 23 is a blade that can move in the horizontal direction to obtain the powder layer 22 by supplying the powder 19 on the powder table 25 onto the modeling table 20.
- the modeling table 20 is a table that can be moved up and down in a modeling tank 29 whose outer periphery is surrounded by a wall 27.
- the modeling plate 21 is a plate that is arranged on the modeling table 20 and serves as a base for a three-dimensional modeled object.
- the light beam irradiating means 3 mainly includes a light beam oscillator 30 and a galvanometer mirror 31, as shown in FIG.
- the light beam oscillator 30 is a device that emits a light beam L.
- the galvanometer mirror 31 is a means for scanning the emitted light beam L into the powder layer, that is, a scanning means for the light beam L.
- the cutting means 4 mainly comprises a milling head 40 and a drive mechanism 41 as shown in FIG.
- the milling head 40 is a cutting tool for cutting the side surface of the laminated solidified layer.
- the drive mechanism 41 is means for moving the milling head 40 to a desired location to be cut.
- the operation of the optical modeling complex machine 1 includes a powder layer forming step (S1), a solidified layer forming step (S2), and a cutting step (S3).
- the powder layer forming step (S1) is a step for forming the powder layer 22.
- the modeling table 20 is lowered by ⁇ t (S11) so that the level difference between the upper surface of the modeling plate 21 and the upper end surface of the modeling tank 29 becomes ⁇ t.
- the squeezing blade 23 is moved in the horizontal direction from the powder material tank 28 toward the modeling tank 29 as shown in FIG.
- the powder 19 arranged on the powder table 25 can be transferred onto the modeling plate 21 (S12), and the powder layer 22 is formed (S13).
- the powder material for forming the powder layer 22 include “metal powder having an average particle diameter of about 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m” and “resin powder such as nylon, polypropylene, or ABS having an average particle diameter of about 30 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m”. it can.
- the solidified layer forming step (S2) is a step of forming the solidified layer 24 by light beam irradiation.
- the light beam L is emitted from the light beam oscillator 30 (S21), and the light beam L is scanned to a predetermined location on the powder layer 22 by the galvano mirror 31 (S22).
- the powder at a predetermined location of the powder layer 22 is sintered or melted and solidified to form a solidified layer 24 as shown in FIG. 6B (S23).
- a carbon dioxide laser, an Nd: YAG laser, a fiber laser, an ultraviolet ray, or the like may be used.
- the powder layer forming step (S1) and the solidified layer forming step (S2) are alternately repeated. Thereby, as shown in FIG.6 (c), the some solidified layer 24 is laminated
- the cutting step (S3) is a step for cutting the side surface of the laminated solidified layer 24, that is, the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object.
- a cutting step is started by driving a milling head 40 (see FIG. 6C and FIG. 7) used as a cutting tool (S31). For example, when the milling head 40 has an effective blade length of 3 mm, a cutting process of 3 mm can be performed along the height direction of the three-dimensional shaped object.
- the milling head 40 is driven.
- a cutting process is performed on the side surface of the laminated solidified layer 24 while moving the milling head 40 by the drive mechanism 41 (S32).
- a cutting step (S3) is completed, it is determined whether or not a desired three-dimensional shaped object is obtained (S33).
- the process returns to the powder layer forming step (S1). Thereafter, by repeatedly performing the powder layer forming step (S1) to the cutting step (S3) and further laminating and cutting the solidified layer 24, a desired three-dimensional shaped object is finally obtained. .
- the production method of the present invention is characterized by an aspect related to the lamination of the solidified layer among the powder sintering lamination methods described above.
- the cooling medium path is formed inside the three-dimensional shaped object, and the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object is formed in an uneven shape.
- “a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path formed inside the three-dimensional modeled object” and “the uneven surface of the three-dimensional modeled object” are made the same shape.
- the contour surface shape of the cooling medium path inside the three-dimensional shaped object and the surface shape of the three-dimensional shaped object are correlated with each other.
- FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional shaped article 100 obtained by the manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the three-dimensional shaped object 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cooling medium path 50 therein, and the surface 100A is uneven.
- a part of the contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A of the cooling medium path 50 has the same shape as the uneven surface 100 ⁇ / b> A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100.
- the solidified layer is laminated so that the surface 100A of the three-dimensionally shaped object 100 and a part of the contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50 have shapes reflected from each other. 3D shaped object 100 is manufactured.
- the “cooling medium path” means a passage through which a cooling medium (for example, water) used for cooling the three-dimensional shaped object flows. Because of the passage through which the cooling medium flows, the cooling medium path has a form of a hollow portion extending so as to penetrate the three-dimensional shaped object. As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling medium path 50 preferably extends in a direction that intersects the stacking direction (“Z” direction) of the solidified layer.
- a cooling medium for example, water
- the “same shape” means, as shown in FIG. 1, the contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A of the cooling medium path 50 in the cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 obtained by cutting along the stacking direction of the solidified layer. Means that the shape of the surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is the same.
- the term “identical” as used herein means substantially the same, and even an aspect that is inevitably or accidentally slightly shifted is included in the “same” in the present invention.
- the part of the contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50 it is not necessary to have the same shape as all of the uneven surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100, and at least the surface 100A
- the shape may be the same as a part (see FIG. 1).
- “form the surface unevenly” means that the solidified layer is formed in the three-dimensional shaped article 100 so that the height level of the outer surface is locally different. Therefore, in the present invention, the “concavo-convex surface” refers to the outer surface of the three-dimensional shaped object having a locally different height level.
- the “uneven surface 100A” corresponds to a so-called “cavity forming surface” (see FIG. 2).
- a three-dimensional shaped object 100 (core-side mold) used as a mold is combined with another three-dimensional shaped object 100 ′ (cavity-side mold). A mold cavity portion 200 is formed.
- the cooling effect by the cooling medium path 50 provided inside the mold becomes more uniform.
- heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 to the cavity forming surface heat transfer for cooling
- “a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path” is preferably a “proximal contour surface”. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the contour surface 50A ′ of the cooling medium path 50 that is located on the proximal side with respect to the concavo-convex surface 100A is the same as the concavo-convex surface 100A.
- the shape is preferred.
- the “proximal side contour surface 50A ′” corresponds to a contour surface located closer to the mold cavity portion, and heat transfer to the mold cavity portion Can have a particularly large impact. Therefore, in the manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the unevenness of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 per such “proximal side contour surface 50A ′ that can greatly affect the heat transfer to the mold cavity”.
- the shape of the surface 100A is reflected.
- the “proximal side contour surface” refers to a contour surface portion located on the side relatively close to the uneven surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 in the contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50. ing.
- the proximal contour surface 50A ′ has the same shape as the uneven surface 100A.
- the end portions 50A ′′ do not have to have the same shape.
- the proximal-side contour surface 50A When the proximal-side contour surface 50A 'has the same shape as the uneven surface 100A, heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 to the cavity forming surface can be made more uniform. That is, when the three-dimensional shaped object 100 obtained by the manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is used as a mold (see FIG. 2), heat transfer due to the cooling medium path 50 is more likely to be uniform, and molding is performed. The non-uniform heat removal of the raw material is effectively reduced. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent a decrease in shape accuracy in the final molded product.
- the separation distance between the proximal contour surface 50A 'and the uneven surface 100A is preferably constant. That is, the proximal-side contour surface 50A ′ of the cooling medium passage 50 has a shape in which the shape of the surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is “offset”.
- “the separation distance is constant” means a normal line connecting the “proximal side contour surface 50A ′ of the cooling medium passage 50” and the “uneven surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100” facing each other. Means that they have the same length at any point.
- the “proximal contour surface 50A ′ of the cooling medium path 50” and “the uneven surface of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 are normal lines at any point on the proximal contour surface 50A ′ or the surface 100A. It means that the length between “100A” is the same.
- the heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 of the mold to the mold cavity portion is in a direction along the proximal side contour surface 50A ′. It will be uniform. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent a decrease in shape accuracy in the final molded product obtained from such a mold.
- the cooling medium path is formed in the middle of the lamination of the solidified layer. Specifically, in the course of laminating a solidified layer by alternately repeating powder layer formation and solid layer formation as a powder sintering lamination method, by not solidifying some local regions as non-irradiated parts A cooling medium path can be formed. Since the non-irradiated part corresponds to a portion where the light beam is not irradiated in the “region where the three-dimensional shaped object is formed” defined in the powder layer, the “non-irradiated part” is “powder not forming a solidified layer”. Remains after light beam irradiation.
- the cooling medium path is obtained by finally removing the remaining powder from the three-dimensional shaped object.
- a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path (that is, a part of the wall surface of the hollow part forming the cooling medium path) is the same as the “uneven surface” of the three-dimensional shaped object finally obtained.
- Shape More preferably, the contoured surface portion (that is, the proximal contoured surface) located on the proximal side of the contoured surface of the three-dimensionally shaped object among the contoured surfaces of the cooling medium path is the surface of the contoured surface. And the same shape.
- the same powder sintering lamination method as that before the formation is performed. That is, the powder layer formation and the solid layer formation are alternately repeated, and the solidified layer is laminated again.
- at least a part of the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object is a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path (particularly The solidified layer is laminated so as to have the same shape as the proximal contour surface).
- the position of the cooling medium path formed inside the three-dimensional shaped object is “local heat removal” when the three-dimensional shaped object is used as a mold. You may decide from a viewpoint.
- the local portion 150 (see FIG. 3A) of the molding raw material located in the vicinity of the top side corner portion 100B ′ is particularly heat-removal. It will be hard to be done. When such a portion that is difficult to remove heat is present, local warping tends to occur in the finally obtained molded product. That is, there is a possibility that a phenomenon occurs in which the molded product partially warps from such a place where heat removal is difficult. Therefore, it is preferable to position the cooling medium path 50 at the top surface side corner portion 100B 'of the convex local portion 100B in order to positively exert a cooling action on the portion. This promotes uniform heat removal to the local portion 150 of the molding material and effectively reduces “local warpage” in the final molded product.
- the “convex local portion” refers to a portion that particularly forms a raised portion on the uneven surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100. Assuming the case where the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is used as a mold, the raised portion of the cavity forming surface that forms the mold cavity portion corresponds to the convex local portion 100B (see FIG. 3A).
- the “top surface side corner portion” means the peripheral portion of the top portion of the convex local portion 100B.
- the convex local portion 100B is positioned on the upper side, and thus forms a “convex” top portion and is positioned relatively on the peripheral side at the top portion.
- the local portion corresponds to the top surface side corner portion 100B ′.
- a plurality of cooling medium paths 50 may be provided accordingly (FIG. 3B). reference). More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3B, a cooling medium path 50 may be provided for each of “the top surface side corner portion 100B ′ of the convex local portion 100B”. .
- a cooling medium path 50 may be provided for each of “the top surface side corner portion 100B ′ of the convex local portion 100B”.
- a fine shape may be imparted to the contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A of the cooling medium path 50.
- a minute shape 51 including a plurality of minute recesses 51 ′ may be formed on the proximal contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A ′ of the cooling medium passage 50.
- the surface area of the proximal side contour surface 50A ′ can be increased, and heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 becomes more efficient.
- proximal side contour surface 50A ′ in addition to making the proximal side contour surface 50A ′ the same shape as the concavo-convex surface 100A macroscopically, in addition to microscopically, “a plurality of fine recesses” are formed on the proximal side contour surface 50A ′.
- a fine shape 51 "composed of 51 ' is formed. Therefore, the heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 to the cavity forming surface can be made more uniform and efficient, and the shape accuracy of the final molded product can be improved when the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is used as a mold. Reduction can be prevented more effectively.
- the “fine recess” means a fine depression extending toward the center of the cooling medium path 50.
- the shape of the fine recess is not particularly limited, and may be any shape as long as the surface area of the proximal contour surface 50A 'is increased.
- Such a fine recess is formed by leaving a non-irradiated portion when forming the solidified layer, and is preferably obtained along with the formation of the cooling medium path. More specifically, the non-irradiated part is left locally when forming one or more solidified layers corresponding to the height level of the fine recess to be formed, and the locally non-irradiated part A fine recess can be obtained by finally removing the remaining powder.
- the fine shape 51 is composed of such a fine recess 51 ′, but different types of fine shapes 51 may be included in the proximal contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A ′.
- the proximal-side contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A ′ may be formed so as to include at least two kinds of fine shapes 51.
- two types of fine shapes 51, the fine shape 51a and the fine shape 51b are formed on the proximal contour surface 50A '.
- the fine shape 51a and the fine shape 51b have different surface areas, resulting in a difference in the way heat is transferred from the cooling medium path 50 to the uneven surface 100A.
- “different types of fine shapes” means that the shapes of the fine recesses constituting the fine shapes (such as the depth of the recess and the width of the recesses) are different, and the pitches of the plurality of fine recesses are different. At least one of the differences is substantially meant.
- a heat transfer member is provided between the proximal contour surface of the cooling medium path and the uneven surface of the three-dimensional shaped object in the three-dimensional shaped object. Good.
- a heat transfer member exhibiting high thermal conductivity between the “proximal side contour surface” and “the uneven surface of the three-dimensional shaped object”.
- a heat transfer member having a higher thermal conductivity than the material of the three-dimensional shaped object When such a heat transfer member is used, heat transfer from the proximal contour surface to the uneven surface can be promoted. Therefore, when using a three-dimensional shaped article as a mold, cooling of the molding material in the mold cavity can be promoted.
- a metal material is preferable.
- a copper-based material is preferable in that it has a higher thermal conductivity, and for example, a material containing beryllium copper may be used.
- the solidified layer may be formed by combining techniques other than the powder sintering lamination method. That is, the solidified layer may be formed by a hybrid method in combination with the powder sintering lamination method and other solidified layer forming methods.
- the solidified layer 24 may be formed by a hybrid method combining the above.
- the “irradiation method after layer formation 60” is a method of forming the solidified layer 24 by irradiating the powder layer 22 with the light beam L after forming the powder layer 22, and corresponds to the “powder sintering lamination method” described above. To do.
- the “raw material supply irradiation method 70” is a method of forming the solidified layer 24 by substantially simultaneously supplying the raw material such as the powder 74 or the filler material 76 and the irradiation of the light beam L.
- the “irradiation method after layer formation 60” has a feature that the shape accuracy can be made relatively high, but the time for forming the solidified layer becomes relatively long.
- the “raw material supply irradiation method 70” has a feature that the shape accuracy can be made relatively short although the shape accuracy is relatively low.
- a three-dimensional shaped object can be more efficiently manufactured by suitably combining the “post-layer formation irradiation method 60” and the “raw material supply irradiation method 70” having such conflicting characteristics. More specifically, in the hybrid method, the lengths of “irradiation method 60 after layer formation” and “irradiation method 70 at the time of raw material supply” are mutually complemented, so that a three-dimensional shape having a desired shape accuracy is obtained. A model can be manufactured in a shorter time.
- the present invention is characterized by the shape of a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path and the uneven surface of the three-dimensional shaped object, and the shape accuracy is required.
- the region related thereto may be formed by the “irradiation method 60 after layer formation”, while the other regions may be formed by the “irradiation method 70 at the time of material supply”.
- the solidified layer region for example, the solidified layer region forming the wall surface of the cooling medium channel
- the other regions may be formed by the “irradiation method 70 at the time of raw material supply” while the layer formation is performed by the irradiation method 60 ”.
- the cooling medium path may be provided so that the cross-sectional shape thereof changes in a similar manner along the extending direction. That is, the cooling medium path may be extended so that the cross-sectional shape of the cooling medium path changes similarly in the extending direction of the cooling medium path.
- a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path preferably the proximal contour surface
- the three-dimensional shape modeling at an arbitrary location It is preferable to keep the distance from the uneven surface of the object constant.
- the “arbitrary portion” here means specifically an arbitrary portion of the cooling medium path along the extending direction.
- the three-dimensional shaped object of the present invention is obtained by the above manufacturing method. Therefore, the three-dimensional shaped object of the present invention is configured by laminating solidified layers formed by light beam irradiation on the powder layer.
- the three-dimensional shaped object 100 of the present invention includes a cooling medium path 50 therein, and the surface 100A has an uneven shape, and one contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50 is formed. And the uneven surface 100A have the same shape. Due to such characteristics, more suitable heat removal characteristics are exhibited. Particularly when the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is used as a mold, heat transfer from the cooling medium path 50 to the cavity forming surface (transfer of heat for cooling). Heat) becomes more uniform.
- the three-dimensional shaped article 100 of the present invention can be suitably used particularly as a molding die.
- the “molding” here is a general molding for obtaining a molded product made of a resin or the like, and refers to, for example, injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding, transfer molding or blow molding.
- the molding die shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to a so-called “core side”
- the three-dimensional shaped article 100 of the present invention may correspond to a “cavity side” molding die. Good.
- a three-dimensional modeled object 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention suitable for use as a mold has a contoured surface 100A of the three-dimensional modeled object 100 in which a part of the contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50 is They have the same shape (see FIG. 1).
- the contour surface 50A of the cooling medium path 50 is positioned on the proximal side with respect to the uneven surface 100A.
- the proximal contour surface 50A ′ is preferably the same shape as the uneven surface 100A. More preferably, the separation distance between the proximal contour surface 50A 'of the cooling medium passage 50 and the uneven surface 100A is constant.
- the cooling medium path 50 has a proximal contour surface 50 ⁇ / b> A ′ in which a part of the surface 100 ⁇ / b> A of the three-dimensional shaped object 100 is “offset”.
- the separation distance between the proximal side contour surface 50A 'of the cooling medium passage 50 and the uneven surface 100A of the three-dimensional shaped article 100 may be about 0.5 to 20 mm.
- First aspect (I) a step of irradiating a predetermined portion of the powder layer with a light beam to sinter or melt solidify the powder at the predetermined portion to form a solidified layer; and (ii) a new powder on the obtained solidified layer
- a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object by alternately forming a powder layer and forming a solidified layer by a step of forming a layer and irradiating a predetermined portion of the new powder layer with a light beam to form a further solidified layer
- a cooling medium path is formed inside the three-dimensional modeled object, and the surface of the three-dimensional modeled object is formed in an uneven shape
- a method for producing a three-dimensional shaped object, wherein a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium passage and the uneven surface are formed in the same shape.
- Second aspect The said 1st aspect WHEREIN: The proximal side contour surface located in the proximal side with respect to the said uneven
- a method for producing a three-dimensional shaped object characterized by the following.
- Third aspect Said 2nd aspect WHEREIN: The separation distance of the said proximal side outline surface and the said uneven
- the fine shape which consists of a several fine depression part in the said proximal side outline surface is formed, The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional shape molded article characterized by the above-mentioned.
- Fifth aspect In the fourth aspect, the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object is characterized in that the proximal contour surface is formed so as to include at least two kinds of the fine shapes.
- Sixth aspect In any one of the first to fifth aspects, the cooling medium path is positioned at the top side corner portion of the convex local portion of the three-dimensional shaped object formed due to the uneven shape. A manufacturing method of a three-dimensional shaped object.
- a three-dimensional shaped object with a cooling medium path inside A three-dimensional shape characterized in that the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object has an uneven shape, and a part of the contour surface of the cooling medium path and the uneven surface are the same shape. Modeled object.
- Various articles can be manufactured by carrying out the manufacturing method of a three-dimensional shaped object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the powder layer is an inorganic metal powder layer and the solidified layer is a sintered layer
- the resulting three-dimensional shaped article is a plastic injection mold, a press mold, a die-cast mold, It can be used as a mold such as a casting mold or a forging mold.
- the powder layer is an organic resin powder layer and the solidified layer is a hardened layer
- the obtained three-dimensional shaped article can be used as a resin molded product.
- Cooling medium path 50A Cooling medium path contour surface 50A 'Proximal side contour surface 51 Fine shape 51' Fine recess 100 Three-dimensional shaped object 100A Uneven surface 100B of three-dimensional shaped object Convex local portion 100B ′ Convex local portion top surface corner portion L Light beam
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Abstract
Description
(i)粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射し、かかる所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する工程。
(ii)得られた固化層の上に新たな粉末層を形成し、同様に光ビームを照射して更なる固化層を形成する工程。
(i)粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して当該所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する工程、および
(ii)得られた固化層の上に新たな粉末層を形成し、その新たな粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して更なる固化層を形成する工程
によって粉末層形成および固化層形成を交互に繰り返し行って三次元形状造形物を製造する方法であって、
三次元形状造形物の製造において、冷却媒体路を三次元形状造形物の内部に形成すると共に、三次元形状造形物の表面を凹凸状に形成し、また、
冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と凹凸状の表面とを互いに同一形状にすることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法が提供される。
三次元形状造形物の表面が凹凸状を有し、冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と凹凸状の表面とが互いに同一形状になっていることを特徴とする三次元形状造形物も提供される。
まず、本発明の製造方法の前提となる粉末焼結積層法について説明する。特に粉末焼結積層法において三次元形状造形物の切削処理を付加的に行う光造形複合加工を例として挙げる。図6は、光造形複合加工のプロセス態様を模式的に示しており、図7および図8は、粉末焼結積層法と切削処理とを実施できる光造形複合加工機1の主たる構成および動作のフローチャートをそれぞれ示している。
本発明の製造方法は、上述した粉末焼結積層法のうち、固化層の積層化に関連した態様に特徴を有している。
本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法では、三次元形状造形物の内部に形成する冷却媒体路の位置は、三次元形状造形物を金型として用いた際の“局所的な除熱”の観点から決めてよい。この点、本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法では、凹凸状の表面100Aのコーナー部分に冷却媒体路50を位置付けることが好ましい(図3(A)および図3(B)参照)。より好ましくは、図3(A)に示されるように、「凹凸状に起因して形成される三次元形状造形物100の凸状局所部100Bの天面側コーナー部分100B’」に冷却媒体路50を位置付ける。
本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法では、冷却媒体路50の輪郭面50Aに微細形状を付与してもよい。具体的には、図4に示すように、冷却媒体路50の近位側輪郭面50A’において複数の微細陥部51’から成る微細形状51を形成してよい。このような微細形状51が形成されると近位側輪郭面50A’の表面積を大きくすることができ、冷却媒体路50からの伝熱がより効率的となる。かかる態様では、巨視的には近位側輪郭面50A’を凹凸状の表面100Aと同一形状にすることに加えて、微視的には近位側輪郭面50A’に「複数の微細陥部51’から成る微細形状51」を形成する。従って、冷却媒体路50からキャビティ形成面への伝熱をより均一かつ効率的にすることができ、三次元形状造形物100が金型として使用される場合に最終的な成形品の形状精度の低下をより効果的に防止できる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法では、三次元形状造形物の内部において冷却媒体路の近位側輪郭面と三次元形状造形物の凹凸状の表面との間に伝熱部材を設けてよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法では、粉末焼結積層法以外の手法を組み合わせて固化層形成を行ってよい。つまり、粉末焼結積層法とそれ以外の固化層形成手法と組み合わせたハイブリッド方式で固化層形成を実施してよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係る製造方法において、冷却媒体路は、その断面形状が延在方向に沿って相似変化するように設けてもよい。つまり、冷却媒体路の断面形状が冷却媒体路の延在方向において相似変化するように冷却媒体路を延在させてよい。特に本発明では、冷却媒体路の断面形状が延在方向に沿って相似変化する場合、任意の箇所における冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部(好ましくは近位側輪郭面)と三次元形状造形物の凹凸状の表面との離隔距離を一定にすることが好ましい。ここでいう「任意の箇所」とは、具体的には延在方向に沿った冷却媒体路の任意の箇所を意味する。これによって、三次元形状造形物を金型として使用する場合、かかる任意の箇所における冷却媒体路の除熱効果をより均一にすることができる。
本発明の三次元形状造形物は上述の製造方法で得られるものである。従って、本発明の三次元形状造形物は、粉末層に対する光ビーム照射で形成される固化層が積層して構成されている。図1に示されるように、本発明の三次元形状造形物100は、その内部に冷却媒体路50を備えており、表面100Aが凹凸状を有すると共に、冷却媒体路50の輪郭面50Aの一部と凹凸状の表面100Aとが互いに同一形状になっている特徴を有している。かかる特徴に起因して、より適した除熱特性が呈され、特に三次元形状造形物100を金型として使用する場合、冷却媒体路50からキャビティ形成面への伝熱(冷却のための伝熱)がより均一となる。
第1態様:
(i)粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して該所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する工程、および
(ii)得られた固化層の上に新たな粉末層を形成し、該新たな粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して更なる固化層を形成する工程
によって粉末層形成および固化層形成を交互に繰り返し行い三次元形状造形物を製造する方法であって、
前記三次元形状造形物の前記製造において、冷却媒体路を該三次元形状造形物の内部に形成すると共に、該三次元形状造形物の表面を凹凸状に形成し、また、
前記冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と前記凹凸状の前記表面とを互いに同一形状にすることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第2態様:
上記第1態様において、前記冷却媒体路の前記輪郭面のうち前記凹凸状の前記表面に対して近位側に位置する近位側輪郭面を前記凹凸状の前記表面と前記同一形状にすることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第3態様:
上記第2態様において、前記近位側輪郭面と前記凹凸状の前記表面との離隔距離を一定にすることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第4態様:
上記第2態様又は第3態様において、前記近位側輪郭面において複数の微細陥部から成る微細形状を形成することを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第5態様:
上記第4態様において、前記近位側輪郭面において前記微細形状を少なくとも2種類含むように形成することを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第6態様:
上記第1態様~第5態様のいずれかにおいて、前記凹凸状に起因して形成される前記三次元形状造形物の凸状局所部の天面側コーナー部分に前記冷却媒体路を位置付けることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
第7態様:
冷却媒体路を内部に備えた三次元形状造形物であって、
前記三次元形状造形物の表面が凹凸状を有し、前記冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と前記凹凸状の前記表面とが互いに同一形状になっていることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物。
24 固化層
50 冷却媒体路
50A 冷却媒体路の輪郭面
50A’ 近位側輪郭面
51 微細形状
51’ 微細陥部
100 三次元形状造形物
100A 三次元形状造形物の凹凸状の表面
100B 凸状局所部
100B’凸状局所部の天面側コーナー部分
L 光ビーム
Claims (7)
- (i)粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して該所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する工程、および
(ii)得られた固化層の上に新たな粉末層を形成し、該新たな粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して更なる固化層を形成する工程
によって粉末層形成および固化層形成を交互に繰り返し行い三次元形状造形物を製造する方法であって、
前記三次元形状造形物の前記製造において、冷却媒体路を該三次元形状造形物の内部に形成すると共に、該三次元形状造形物の表面を凹凸状に形成し、また、
前記冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と前記凹凸状の前記表面とを互いに同一形状にすることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物の製造方法。 - 前記冷却媒体路の前記輪郭面のうち前記凹凸状の前記表面に対して近位側に位置する近位側輪郭面を前記凹凸状の前記表面と前記同一形状にすることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
- 前記近位側輪郭面と前記凹凸状の前記表面との離隔距離を一定にすることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
- 前記近位側輪郭面において複数の微細陥部から成る微細形状を形成することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
- 前記近位側輪郭面において前記微細形状を少なくとも2種類含むように形成することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
- 前記凹凸状に起因して形成される前記三次元形状造形物の凸状局所部の天面側コーナー部分に前記冷却媒体路を位置付けることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の三次元形状造形物の製造方法。
- 冷却媒体路を内部に備えた三次元形状造形物であって、
前記三次元形状造形物の表面が凹凸状を有し、前記冷却媒体路の輪郭面の一部と前記凹凸状の前記表面とが互いに同一形状になっていることを特徴とする、三次元形状造形物。
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CN201680044625.5A CN107848211A (zh) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-02-08 | 三维形状造型物的制造方法及三维形状造型物 |
US15/748,427 US20180200795A1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-02-08 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional shaped object and three-dimensional shaped object |
DE112016003471.7T DE112016003471T5 (de) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-02-08 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dreidimensional geformten Formerzeugnisses und dreidimensional geformtes Formerzeugnis |
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JP7161169B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-11 | 2022-10-26 | 株式会社岐阜多田精機 | ヒートパイプ機能付成形金型 |
US10780498B2 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-09-22 | General Electric Company | Porous tools and methods of making the same |
DE102019126593B4 (de) * | 2019-10-02 | 2022-07-07 | Maincor Rohrsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Formbacke für einen Corrugator und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Formbacke |
DE102020116037A1 (de) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | Sauer Gmbh | Herstellungsverfahren eines Bauteils mit Kühlkanalsystem |
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