WO2017013329A1 - Méthode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures - Google Patents
Méthode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017013329A1 WO2017013329A1 PCT/FR2016/051789 FR2016051789W WO2017013329A1 WO 2017013329 A1 WO2017013329 A1 WO 2017013329A1 FR 2016051789 W FR2016051789 W FR 2016051789W WO 2017013329 A1 WO2017013329 A1 WO 2017013329A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- stream
- carbon atoms
- column
- pot
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G5/00—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas
- C10G5/06—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G70/00—Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00, C10G11/00, C10G15/00, C10G47/00, C10G51/00
- C10G70/04—Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00, C10G11/00, C10G15/00, C10G47/00, C10G51/00 by physical processes
- C10G70/043—Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00, C10G11/00, C10G15/00, C10G47/00, C10G51/00 by physical processes by fractional condensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
- F25J1/0238—Purification or treatment step is integrated within one refrigeration cycle only, i.e. the same or single refrigeration cycle provides feed gas cooling (if present) and overhead gas cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0247—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 4 carbon atoms or more
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/18—External refrigeration with incorporated cascade loop
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for purifying a gas rich in hydrocarbons, for example natural gas.
- a process is implemented, for example, in natural gas liquefaction units or in natural gas purification units.
- natural gas contains "heavy" hydrocarbons and aromatic derivatives.
- the term "heavy hydrocarbons” is understood to mean hydrocarbons having more than four carbon atoms, especially hydrocarbons having more than six carbon atoms.
- Aromatic derivatives are cyclic compounds such as benzene, xylene or toluene, for example.
- An existing solution is to send the "hot" natural gas (that is to say before entering a liquefaction exchanger) in a washing column where it is washed and freed of its heavy constituents including benzene.
- the gaseous stream at the top outlet of this column, purified with heavy compounds, is then sent to a liquefaction exchanger where it condenses.
- An intermediate outlet in the exchanger makes it possible to recover a liquid flow resulting from the partial condensation of the natural gas, and serves to make the reflux at the top of the column.
- composition and the operating conditions of the natural gas to be treated may change over the life of the unit and the liquid reflux at the head of the column may not be sufficient if only dependent on partial condensation.
- the invention proposes to solve the problems described above related to the reduction of heavy hydrocarbons and aromatic derivatives, in particular benzene present in natural gas.
- the present invention relates to a process for purifying a gas rich in hydrocarbons, and comprising at least 10 ppm by volume of hydrocarbons having at least six carbon atoms (such as benzene), comprising the following steps:
- Step b) Purification of compounds containing at least six carbon atoms from the partially liquefied gas in step a) in a washing column containing a top of column at its uppermost end and a bottom of the column at its lowest end to form, at the top of the washing column, a gaseous stream containing less than 5 ppm by volume of compounds containing at least six carbon atoms and, in a wash column tank, a liquid stream enriched with compounds containing at least five carbon atoms; carbon;
- Step c) at least partial condensation of said gas stream from step b) in a heat exchanger to form a two-phase current
- Step e) Use of the liquid stream resulting from stage d) as reflux at the top of the washing column;
- Step f) Condensation of the gaseous stream from step d) by heat exchange in a heat exchanger at a temperature below -100 ° C to form a liquefied gas containing less than 5 ppm by volume of compounds containing at least six atoms of carbon.
- the present invention also relates to:
- step b) and the liquefied gas from step f) contains less than 1 ppm by volume of compounds containing at least six carbon atoms
- step d) A process as defined above characterized in that at least a portion of the liquid stream formed during step f) is punctured at a temperature below -100 ° C and then recycled into the phase separator pot implemented at the same time. step d).
- a process as defined above characterized in that the liquid stream formed in the tank of the phase separator pot in step d) is pumped using at least one pump in order to feed the washing column head. implemented in step b).
- step a) is between -20 ° C and -40 ° C.
- step d) is between -70 ° C and -80 ° C.
- step f) is between -100 ° C and -160 ° C.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to remove heavy constituents and aromatic derivatives, in particular benzene from the natural gas to be liquefied, and relies on one or more washing steps at different temperature levels.
- a cooling of the natural gas to a first temperature level is first carried out ensuring that the heavy constituents, in particular the benzene contained in the liquid generated, do not freeze.
- the temperature is typically between -20 ° C and -40 ° C.
- the partially liquefied natural gas is then sent to a washing column making it possible to produce, at the top of the column, a gaseous stream of natural gas purified of heavier compounds, in particular respecting the desired specification on benzene, and to produce at the bottom of a column a liquid stream enriched with heavy compounds, for example products containing predominantly more than four carbon atoms and the various aromatic derivatives, in particular benzene.
- said temperature is between -60 ° C and -80 ° C, preferably between -70 ° C and -75 ° C.
- the liquid is separated from the gas by means of a phase separator and is sent as reflux to the top of the wash column. This time, the flash (i.e. instantaneous steam) is limited because the temperature levels between the column and the reflux liquid are closer.
- a pair of lifting pumps may be considered.
- this phase separator pot ensures a good separation of benzene from the gas, in case of failure of the washing column and thus offers additional protection.
- FIG. 1 The method that is the subject of the present invention is illustrated in FIG.
- a hydrocarbon-rich gas stream 1 such as a stream of natural gas is introduced into a heat exchanger 2.
- the pressure of this gaseous stream is for example between 25 and 60 bar absbars.
- the gaseous stream 1 contains between 30 ppm by volume and 500 ppm by volume of benzene, usually less than 100 ppm by volume.
- the gaseous stream 1 is cooled by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 2 in contact with a refrigerant.
- the heat exchanger is fed with at least one refrigerant stream.
- this stream may be composed of a mixed refrigerant stream. The composition and the operating conditions of the mixed refrigerant are adjusted to the hydrocarbon to be liquefied.
- Heavy products is meant hydrocarbons having more than four carbon atoms and aromatic compounds including benzene.
- a liquid stream 6 containing all (to the nearest ppm by volume) benzene of the initial gas stream 1 is discharged to the bottom of the column 5.
- a gaseous stream 9 comprising less than 1 ppm by volume of benzene is recovered for introduction into a second heat exchanger 10 which may preferably be a second section of the heat exchanger 2.
- the stream 1 1 of mixed refrigerant recovered at the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is introduced into a phase separator pot 12 producing a gas stream 13 containing the light elements of the cooler at the top of the pot 12 and a liquid stream 14 containing the elements.
- the two streams 13 and 14 feed the second heat exchanger 10 (or second stage of the exchanger 2).
- the gas stream 9 containing less than 1 ppm by volume of benzene introduced into the second heat exchanger 10 (or second section of the exchanger 2) is condensed at least partially.
- the two-phase current at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 10 (or second section of the exchanger 2) is introduced into a phase separator pot 16 in order to produce a gas stream 17 at the top of the pot 16 and a liquid stream 18 pot tank 16.
- the temperature is typically between -70 ° C and - 75 ° C.
- the liquid stream 18 feeds the head 8 of the washing column 5.
- a pair 19 of lifting pumps can be present in order to suck up the liquid stream 18 to reflux at the top of column 5.
- liquid reflux may not be sufficient and that in this case, it is possible to cool the pot 16 by injecting liquid natural gas at the inlet of the two-phase pot (line 22).
- This line 22 is important because it allows to control the flow of liquid reflux in the column 5 and therefore the benzene content of the product to be liquefied. Since the composition and the operating conditions of the natural gas can change during the life of the unit, the necessary reflux flow rate can be optimized, as well as the liquefaction energy.
- Variant No. 1 To simplify the main exchanger, it is possible to "shower" directly the column head 5 with liquid natural gas (stream 22) but the flow of liquid natural gas 22 is then more important and this option can be expensive in liquefaction energy.
- the gas stream 17 is introduced into a third heat exchanger 20 which may preferably be a third section of the exchanger 2 so as to be cooled to a temperature below -1 10 ° C, for example between -1 10 ° C and -1 15 ° C.
- the stream 21 thus cooled may be partly punctured and form a stream 22 which will be recycled by being introduced with the stream 15 into the phase separator pot 16.
- the liquid refrigerants 14 are withdrawn then, then, relaxed, for example using valves 23, before being reintroduced and re vaporized in the exchange line 24 in front of the natural gas 17 liquefying.
- a stream of liquid natural gas may be punctured 22 at this level (colder than the phase separator pot 16 refluxing the column 5) and recycled to the pot 16 to increase the reflux liquid 18 in case of lack of the latter, while limiting the efficiency loss by instantaneous vaporization.
- the stream of gas 21 is introduced into a heat exchanger 26 in order to produce a stream of liquefied natural gas 27, a purified product of heavy compounds and aromatics, typically benzene from the liquefaction and purification process that is the subject of the present invention. invention.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2016296356A AU2016296356B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-12 | Method for purifying a gas rich in hydrocarbons |
CA2992791A CA2992791A1 (fr) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-12 | Methode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures |
US15/746,456 US11060037B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-12 | Method for purifying a gas rich in hydrocarbons |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1557018A FR3039080B1 (fr) | 2015-07-23 | 2015-07-23 | Methode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures |
FR1557018 | 2015-07-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2017013329A1 true WO2017013329A1 (fr) | 2017-01-26 |
Family
ID=54186161
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2016/051789 WO2017013329A1 (fr) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-12 | Méthode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11060037B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2016296356B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2992791A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3039080B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2700507C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017013329A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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EP3252408A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-06 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé de purification de gaz naturel et de liquéfaction de dioxyde de carbone |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2016129126A (ru) | 2018-01-23 |
FR3039080B1 (fr) | 2019-05-17 |
AU2016296356A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
RU2700507C1 (ru) | 2019-09-17 |
CA2992791A1 (fr) | 2017-01-26 |
US11060037B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
FR3039080A1 (fr) | 2017-01-27 |
US20180208855A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
AU2016296356B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
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