WO2017010015A1 - 無煙焼却炉及びこれを用いたシステム - Google Patents
無煙焼却炉及びこれを用いたシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017010015A1 WO2017010015A1 PCT/JP2015/070649 JP2015070649W WO2017010015A1 WO 2017010015 A1 WO2017010015 A1 WO 2017010015A1 JP 2015070649 W JP2015070649 W JP 2015070649W WO 2017010015 A1 WO2017010015 A1 WO 2017010015A1
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- combustion chamber
- combustion
- burner
- smokeless incinerator
- filter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
- F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
- F23L17/16—Induction apparatus, e.g. steam jet, acting on combustion products beyond the fire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/104—High temperature resistant (ceramic) type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a smokeless incinerator that does not generate dioxin and CO, and a power generation system or heat exchange system using the same.
- Incinerated objects are organic substances discarded from homes and business establishments, such as raw garbage, paper, plants such as wood and grass, waste rubber and waste plastic.
- incinerator configured to suppress the generation of dioxins
- combustion is performed at 800 ° C. or higher using an auxiliary combustion burner in a primary combustion chamber
- Patent Document 1 the generation of carbon monoxide due to incomplete combustion is usually suppressed by supplying an appropriate amount of air. It is also known to automatically control the air supply amount.
- Patent document 2 the incinerator which provided the water cooling jacket in the primary combustion chamber also exists.
- the primary combustion chamber is smaller than the large incinerator, and therefore, temperature drop and local air shortage are likely to occur due to the introduction of excess organic matter into the primary combustion chamber. Moreover, even if there is sufficient air in the furnace, air becomes insufficient due to insufficient stirring with unburned gas. Further, the temperature is lowered due to excessive air. As a result, black smoke containing unburned gas is generated. Black smoke contains dioxins and carbon monoxide. In recent years, with the advance of countermeasures for dioxins in small incinerators, it is important to provide a secondary combustion chamber for reburning unburned gas that has not been completely burned in the primary combustion chamber. However, the present situation is that a smokeless small incinerator that completely eliminates black smoke has not been realized. *
- the present invention keeps the primary combustion chamber at a sufficiently high temperature, completely suppresses the combustion of unburned gas, and suppresses the generation of black smoke.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a smokeless incinerator that does not damage the burner. Furthermore, it aims at providing the system which combined such a smokeless incinerator and a generator and / or a heat exchanger.
- a smokeless incinerator is provided with a combustion object and a refractory brick wall (A12) and an auxiliary combustion burner (A31) for assisting combustion of the combustion object.
- a primary combustion chamber (A) provided with a combustion section (A1) and a water cooling jacket section (A2) disposed on the main combustion section (A1) and having a water cooling jacket wall (A27); and the primary combustion
- a secondary combustion chamber (B) disposed above the chamber (A) and provided with a reburning burner (B1) for burning unburned gas; and a row in a side of the secondary combustion chamber (B)
- E a separate reburning burner
- the reburning burner (B1) of the secondary combustion chamber (B) is attached to a side surface located next to a side surface facing the combustion chamber with filter (C), and It is attached with an inclination at an acute angle ( ⁇ ) with respect to the direction toward the combustion chamber with filter (C).
- the reburning burner (B1) of the secondary combustion chamber (B) can heat the combustion chamber with filter (C) and the tertiary combustion chamber (D).
- the secondary combustion chamber (B), the filter-equipped combustion chamber (C), the tertiary combustion chamber (D), and the quaternary combustion chamber (E) each have a porous ceramic wall (B2 , C2, D2, E2).
- the first aspect includes a plurality of air nozzles (A11) that extend in the vertical direction in the primary combustion chamber (A) and supply air.
- a combustion air nozzle (A10) for supplying air for combustion is provided in a lower portion of the main combustion section (A1) of the primary combustion chamber (A).
- the main combustion section (A1) of the primary combustion chamber (A) further includes another recombustion burner (A32) above the auxiliary combustion burner (A31).
- the water cooling jacket portion (A2) of the primary combustion chamber (A) is further provided with another reburning burner (A33). *
- the second aspect of the present invention performs power generation by supplying steam sent from the smokeless incinerator (1) of the first aspect and the water-cooled jacket part (A2) of the primary combustion chamber (A). And a generator (G). *
- a third aspect of the present invention includes a smokeless incinerator (1) according to the first aspect, a heat exchanger (H) that performs heat exchange by supplying exhaust gas sent from the exhaust pipe (F), It is a heat exchange system characterized by having.
- the primary combustion chamber is composed of the main combustion portion and the cooling jacket portion disposed thereon, so that the main combustion portion maintains a sufficiently high temperature and complete combustion, and the cooling jacket portion Excessive heating can be prevented, and the temperature of the main combustion section can be stably maintained. This contributes to smokelessness.
- the inside of the furnace is sealed and the minimum amount of air required for incineration is supplied to mix the pyrolysis gas and air generated during incineration. For this reason, the gasification rate by incineration can be stabilized and the combustion can be performed in a well-balanced manner. When the inside of the furnace is stabilized, complete combustion can be performed efficiently only with air.
- the secondary combustion chamber, the filter-equipped combustion chamber, and the tertiary combustion chamber are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction, and all three chambers can be heated by the recombustion burner provided in the secondary combustion chamber.
- the unburned gas in the exhaust gas can be efficiently reburned, contributing to smokelessness.
- FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a smokeless incinerator as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a left side view similar to FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view similar to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a front sectional view schematically showing the main part of the smokeless incinerator.
- FIG. 5 is a front sectional view schematically showing another main part of the smokeless incinerator.
- 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of a ceramic filter, where FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an inflow surface of exhaust gas, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the flow of the first part of the combustion process in the smokeless incinerator of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the flow of the second part of the combustion process in the smokeless incinerator of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the flow of the third part of the combustion process in the smokeless incinerator of the present invention.
- the smokeless incinerator of the present invention described below is particularly suitable as a small incinerator because it can realize smokelessness in a small incinerator that is susceptible to temperature drop and local air shortage because the combustion chamber is small. .
- a large incinerator has a large combustion chamber and a long residence time of unburned gas, complete combustion can be performed relatively easily by supplying sufficient air.
- the present invention can also be implemented in such a large incinerator. *
- the present invention is not limited to the scale of the apparatus, the specific purpose of use, and the incineration object, and can be implemented as various incinerators.
- the application of the present invention as long as it does not deviate from the characteristic configuration, the dimensions, materials, etc. of the incinerator to be applied, the purpose of use and the necessity of the incineration object may be changed as appropriate. Good. *
- the incineration object of the smokeless incinerator of the present invention is basically an organic material.
- organic substances discarded from homes and offices such as raw garbage, paper, plants such as trees and grasses, waste rubber and waste plastics.
- inorganic substances and metals that do not interfere with the combustion treatment may be mixed.
- FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a smokeless incinerator 1 as an example of an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a left side view
- FIG. 3 is a plan view
- 4 is a front cross-sectional view schematically showing the main part of the smokeless incinerator 1 of FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view schematically showing another main part of the smokeless incinerator 1. .
- the configuration of the smokeless incinerator 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. *
- the smokeless incinerator 1 includes a primary combustion chamber A, a secondary combustion chamber B, a filter-equipped combustion chamber C, a tertiary combustion chamber D, a quaternary combustion chamber E, and an exhaust pipe F as main parts. It has.
- a secondary combustion chamber B is disposed above the primary combustion chamber A, a combustion chamber C with a filter and a tertiary combustion chamber D are sequentially disposed in one side surface direction of the secondary combustion chamber B, and four combustion chambers D are disposed above the tertiary combustion chamber D.
- a secondary combustion chamber E is disposed, and an exhaust pipe F is disposed above the upper surface of the quaternary combustion chamber E.
- the outer surface of each chamber is basically covered with a steel plate. *
- the primary combustion chamber A has one substantially rectangular parallelepiped internal space.
- the primary combustion chamber A is composed of two parts arranged in the vertical direction. They are a main combustion part A1 positioned below and a water cooling jacket part A2 positioned above.
- the main combustion part A1 and the water cooling jacket part A2 are distinguished by the difference in their wall structures.
- the main combustion part A1 is a space where the incineration object is first incinerated.
- an inlet A7 for introducing an incineration object is provided in front of the main combustion section A1.
- the insertion port A7 has a configuration that enables sequential injection, and is, for example, a two-input type rotary damper.
- a rotary damper has a double structure so as not to lower the temperature in the primary combustion chamber A when the incineration object is charged, and a ceramic heat insulating material (not shown) is provided at the inlet to the main combustion portion A1. Z).
- a slot is well known.
- the ash outlet A8 is provided in the back side of the main combustion part A1. *
- the main combustion part A1 is provided with a refractory brick wall A12 having a predetermined thickness inside the steel plate on the surface.
- the refractory brick wall A12 is disposed on each side wall and the bottom wall.
- the internal space of the main combustion section A1 is preferably maintained at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, preferably 850 ° C. to 900 ° C., in order to prevent generation of dioxins during incineration.
- the refractory brick wall A12 can prevent a temperature drop in the internal space during incineration, thereby causing incineration without generating dioxins and recombusting unburned gas in the exhaust gas generated by gasification by incineration. Can be promoted.
- the black arrows in FIG. 4 indicate the direction of exhaust gas flow.
- the refractory brick wall A12 has a material and thickness that can withstand the temperature of the internal space.
- chamotte bricks, high alumina bricks, or the like can be used as the refractory brick wall A12. Since chamotte bricks are low in cost, they are suitable for small incinerators (for example, model number “SK34” manufactured by Kaga Refractory Bricks Co., Ltd., maximum use temperature 1380 ° C.). Further, the refractory brick wall A12 ensures heat insulation from the outside, and can suppress deformation and deterioration of the steel plate on the surface. *
- An auxiliary combustion burner A31 is provided on the side wall of the main combustion section A1.
- the auxiliary combustion burner A31 is used for the first ignition with respect to the incineration object.
- the incineration object once started to burn continues to burn by self-combustion.
- the temperature of the main combustion part A1 can reach the necessary incineration temperature only by the self-combustion of the incineration object. Therefore, fuel is hardly consumed for incineration.
- the auxiliary combustion burner A31 is appropriately used for controlling the gasification of the incineration object according to the combustion state. *
- a reburn burner A32 is provided on the upper side wall of the auxiliary burner A31.
- the reburning burner A32 is appropriately used for reburning the unburned gas in accordance with the unburned gas staying state in the main combustion section A1 (for example, when black smoke is generated). By recombusting the unburned gas, the black smoke can be made colorless and the generation of malodor can be suppressed.
- the water cooling jacket part A2 is located on the main combustion part A1.
- the water cooling jacket part A2 plays a role of preventing an excessive temperature rise of the main combustion part A1.
- the refractory brick wall A12 of the main combustion part A1 is suitable for maintaining a high temperature, but conversely has a drawback that the temperature tends to rise excessively. In that case, excessive combustion occurs, air shortage occurs, incomplete combustion occurs, and black smoke is generated.
- a water cooling jacket portion A2 including a water cooling jacket wall A27 is provided.
- the water-cooling jacket wall A27 is a double wall in which another steel plate is disposed inside the surface steel plate via a gap, and is configured such that water flows through the gap.
- the water cooling jacket wall A27 of the water cooling jacket part A2 absorbs excess heat from the lower main combustion part A1, so that the temperature of the main combustion part A1 can be stably maintained. Thereby, the gasification rate in the main combustion part A1 can be stabilized and combustion can be performed in a well-balanced manner.
- Water is supplied to the water cooling jacket wall A27 of the water cooling jacket portion A2 from the water supply tank A21 shown in FIGS.
- the water supply tank 21 is stored from the outside through a water supply port A26.
- Water is sent from the water supply tank 21 to the water cooling jacket wall 27 through a water cooling water supply pipe A22 shown in FIG.
- the water flowing through the water-cooling jacket wall 27 becomes steam when exposed to a high temperature, and is sent to the expansion tank A24 through the steam delivery pipe A23 as shown in FIG.
- the expansion tank A24 the temperature of the steam is appropriately reduced, and then discharged through the steam cylinder A25 extending upward.
- the water cooling jacket portion A2 is provided with a reburn burner A33 on the side wall.
- the reburning burner A33 is appropriately used for reburning the unburned gas according to the staying state of the unburned gas in the rising exhaust gas, similarly to the reburning burner A32 of the main combustion section A1. Odor generation is suppressed by reburning the unburned gas.
- an air nozzle A ⁇ b> 11 extending in the vertical direction from the lowermost part to the uppermost part is provided in the internal space of the primary combustion chamber A.
- four air nozzles A11 are arranged at the four corners of the internal space.
- a large number of air ejection holes are formed on the surface of the air nozzle A11.
- the white arrows in FIG. 4 indicate the air flow. *
- the air supplied to the air nozzle A11 is sent from, for example, a turbo blower A4 through a valve A5 and accumulated in an air tank A6 disposed at the bottom of the main combustion unit A1.
- Each air nozzle A11 communicates with the air tank A6.
- the air injected into the internal space supplies oxygen necessary for combustion of the incineration object, and is agitated with the unburned gas to become a mixed gas, so that complete combustion can be performed efficiently.
- a combustion air nozzle A10 may be provided near the bottom of the main combustion section A1 of the primary combustion chamber A.
- the combustion air nozzle A10 promotes combustion when the incineration object burns red in a solid state.
- the combustion fuel air is appropriately supplied from a high-pressure turbo blower F2 described later via a valve A9. *
- the secondary combustion chamber B is disposed above the primary combustion chamber A, that is, above the water-cooled jacket portion A2.
- the secondary combustion chamber B is connected by a short duct provided between the outlet at the center of the upper surface of the water cooling jacket portion A2 and the inlet at the center of the lower surface of the secondary combustion chamber B.
- the secondary combustion chamber B is provided with a porous ceramic wall B2 having a predetermined thickness inside the steel plate on the surface.
- the porous ceramic wall B2 is made of a porous ceramic having a fireproof temperature of 1250 ° C. or higher. Since the porous ceramic has fine pores, a portion close to the internal space exhibits a heat storage effect, that is, a heat retaining effect, and a portion close to the outer surface exhibits a heat insulating effect. The surface facing the internal space emits radiant heat (far-infrared rays) due to high temperature.
- a porous ceramic there is a block product in which ceramic powder is hardened.
- the trade name “Fireproof Free Brick” fireproof temperature 1250 ° C.
- Kato Electric Furnace Manufacturing Co., Ltd. can be used. *
- a reburn burner B1 is provided in the secondary combustion chamber B.
- the reburn burner B1 is appropriately used for reburning the unburned gas in the exhaust gas.
- the reburning burner B1 is attached to a side surface (that is, the front surface in the illustrated example) located next to the side surface facing the combustion chamber C with filter.
- the reburn burner B1 is attached so as to incline at an acute angle ⁇ with respect to the direction r toward the combustion chamber C with filter. This attachment method has been found to be very useful in preventing breakage of the reburn burner B1.
- the reburning burner B1 When the reburning burner B1 is attached to the side surface opposite to the filter-equipped combustion chamber C, or attached to the side surface at a right angle to the side surface, the reburning burner is caused by the pressure of the exhaust gas from the primary combustion chamber. B1 was often damaged. Thus, the reburn burner B1 is not damaged by being inclined and attached to a predetermined side surface. *
- the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber B is provided on the side surface facing the combustion chamber C with a filter adjacent in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, the upward flow of the exhaust gas entering from the lower inlet is bent in the horizontal direction in the secondary combustion chamber B. Thereby, the speed
- the reburn burner B1 can heat not only the secondary combustion chamber B but also the combustion chamber C with filter and the tertiary combustion chamber D described later. This is because the secondary combustion chamber B, the filter-equipped combustion chamber C, and the tertiary combustion chamber D are sequentially arranged in a row in the horizontal direction. In this case, the internal spaces of these three chambers are connected from the secondary combustion chamber B to the inlet of the tertiary combustion chamber D with a cross section of the same size including a short connecting duct portion between the chambers. . Porous ceramic walls are also provided in the connecting duct portion between the chambers.
- the combustion chamber with filter C is disposed adjacent to the side of the secondary combustion chamber B. Also in the combustion chamber C with a filter, as shown in FIG. 4, a porous ceramic wall C2 having a predetermined thickness is provided inside the steel plate on the outer surface (upper and lower surfaces and two side surfaces). *
- a ceramic filter C1 is disposed in the center of the combustion chamber C with a filter.
- the ceramic filter C1 is provided so as to partition the internal space of the filter-equipped combustion chamber C into two compartments on the inlet side and the outlet side. Accordingly, the exhaust gas flows through the ceramic filter C1.
- the filter-equipped combustion chamber C is heated by the recombustion burner B1 of the secondary combustion chamber B, and the ceramic filter C1 is also heated.
- the ceramic filter C1 has an effect of adsorbing and removing fine particles in the exhaust gas. Further, when the combustion chamber C with a filter is heated to a high temperature, recombustion of unburned gas in the exhaust gas is also promoted. Since the filter-equipped combustion chamber C is also provided with the porous ceramic wall C2, the radiant heat (far infrared rays) also increases the temperature and promotes recombustion. *
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of such a ceramic filter C1.
- (A) shows one side surface, and (b) shows an II cross section of (a). Black arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas.
- a ceramic filter is known and disclosed, for example, in Patent Document 3.
- As the ceramic filter C1 for example, a ceramic pipe manufactured by Isolite Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used. *
- tertiary combustion chamber D is arranged adjacent to the side opposite to the secondary combustion chamber B with respect to the filter-equipped combustion chamber C.
- a porous ceramic wall D2 having a predetermined thickness is provided inside the steel plate on the outer surface.
- the tertiary combustion chamber D includes a dust collection cyclone D3.
- the dust collection cyclone D3 has a downward cone shape.
- a dust collection chamber D4 having a predetermined size is provided below the dust collection cyclone D3.
- An ash outlet D1 is provided in front of the dust collection chamber D4.
- the dust collection cyclone D3 extends the residence time by swirling the exhaust gas, and collects the fine particles in the exhaust gas by the swirling centrifugal force. The fine particles descend and accumulate in the dust collection chamber D4.
- the tertiary combustion chamber D is heated by the recombustion burner B1 of the secondary combustion chamber B to become a high temperature, whereby recombustion of unburned gas in the exhaust gas is promoted. Since the tertiary combustion chamber D is also provided with the porous ceramic wall D2, it becomes high temperature by the radiant heat (far infrared rays), and recombustion is promoted. Thus, the exhaust gas from which the fine particles have been removed and the unburned gas has been reburned is sucked by a forced exhaust flow described later and travels from the outlet provided on the upper surface to the fourth combustion chamber E. *
- the fourth combustion chamber E is disposed above the tertiary combustion chamber D.
- the quaternary combustion chamber E is also provided with a porous ceramic wall E2 having a predetermined thickness inside the steel plate on the outer surface, as shown in FIG. *
- the fourth combustion chamber E is provided with a reburn burner E1 on the side wall.
- the reburn burner E1 is used to reburn the unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas at this position.
- the remaining unburned gas at this position is detected by measurement at a measurement port F1 provided in an exhaust pipe F described later.
- the quaternary combustion chamber E is heated by the reburning burner E1 to be reburned. Since the quaternary combustion chamber E is also provided with the porous ceramic wall E2, the temperature becomes high due to the radiant heat (far infrared rays), and recombustion is promoted. *
- the exhaust cylinder F is a cylindrical steel pipe member arranged to extend upward from the outlet on the upper surface of the quaternary combustion chamber E. It is preferable to perform hot-dip aluminum plating to improve heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
- a forced exhaust pipe F5 is attached to an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust tube F.
- the upper end of the forced exhaust pipe F5 penetrates the cylinder wall of the exhaust cylinder F from the outside to the inside and opens upward on the central axis of the exhaust cylinder F.
- the lower end of the forced exhaust pipe F5 is It is connected to one end of the air delivery pipe F4.
- the other end of the air delivery pipe F4 is connected to an air chamber F3 provided at the air blowing port of the high-pressure turbo blower F2.
- the exhaust tube F is provided with a measurement port F1 below the attachment position of the forced exhaust pipe F5.
- the measurement port F1 is for taking out a part of the exhaust gas sent from the quaternary combustion chamber E.
- the extracted exhaust gas is used for various measurements on its components.
- the measurement result is sent to a control unit (not shown), and the control unit controls the reburning burner E1 and the like of the quaternary combustion chamber E based on the measurement result. *
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart schematically showing from the start of incineration to the combustion process in the primary combustion chamber A.
- the black arrow indicates the flow of the incineration object or the exhaust gas after the incineration, and the white arrow indicates the flow of air or water (the same applies to the following figures).
- the inlet A7 When incineration is started, the inlet A7 is opened to inject the incineration object. In addition, it is also possible to sequentially add in the middle of incineration. In a small incinerator, a method of using an object to be incinerated randomly is often performed. Even in such a case, the smokeless incinerator of the present invention performs combustion without lowering the temperature of the main combustion part A1. This is because the main combustion part A1 is surrounded by a refractory brick wall and sufficient air is supplied from the air nozzle A11. The amount of air supplied by the air nozzle 11 is controlled based on the temperature of the main combustion section A1. The temperature of the main combustion part A1 is measured by a temperature sensor (not shown), the measurement result is sent to a control part (not shown), and the control part performs control based thereon. *
- the auxiliary combustion burner A31 is used at the time of the first ignition, but stops when stable combustion is performed by self-combustion. Thereafter, complete combustion is efficiently performed only by supplying an appropriate amount of air.
- the main combustion section A1 most of the incineration object is combusted and gasified to become exhaust gas. Incinerated ash that is solid accumulates at the bottom of the main combustion section A1 and is taken out from the ash outlet.
- the exhaust gas contains unburned gas (carbon monoxide and other harmful gases) and floatable solids (fine particles) in addition to carbon dioxide and water (steam), which are gasification components after complete combustion. It is. *
- the upper part of the main combustion part A1 of the primary combustion chamber A and the water cooling jacket part A2 function as a residence space for unburned gas in the exhaust gas.
- the unburned gas is reburned by the reburning burner A32 in the main combustion chamber and / or the reburning burner A33 in the water cooling jacket chamber A2.
- the unburned gas in the exhaust gas is reduced as much as possible, and the exhaust gas is directed to the secondary combustion chamber.
- the water supplied to the water cooling jacket part A2 can be taken out as water vapor.
- the generator G may be driven using steam.
- the generator G is, for example, a steam turbine.
- Such power generation techniques are known.
- the smokeless incinerator of the present invention can be configured as a power generation system combined with such a generator G. *
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart schematically showing from the secondary combustion chamber B to the quaternary combustion chamber E. Since the secondary combustion chamber B, the filter-equipped combustion chamber C, and the tertiary combustion chamber D are sequentially arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, the re-burning burner B1 provided in the secondary combustion chamber B is the filter-combusted chamber C. It is possible to heat up to the tertiary combustion chamber D. These chamber walls are formed of a porous ceramic having a high effect of heat storage and heat retention, and radiate heat (far infrared rays) from the wall surface when heated to a high temperature. Thereby, the recombustion of the unburned gas in the exhaust gas is promoted. In this configuration, the three combustion chambers can be heated by one reburning burner, so that the fuel can be used efficiently and contribute to energy saving. In this process, reburning of the unburned gas proceeds, and smokelessness is promoted. *
- Fine particles in the exhaust gas are removed by the ceramic filter C1 in the combustion chamber C with a filter. Further, the particulates in the exhaust gas are also removed by the dust collection cyclone D3 in the tertiary combustion chamber D. Since the dust collection cyclone in the tertiary combustion chamber D collects dust at a high temperature by heating, the proportion of fine particles that are completely burned during the dust collection increases. Thereby, dust collection ash can be reduced and smokelessness is further promoted.
- the unburned gas in the exhaust gas is almost completely combusted, but if it remains in the fourth combustion chamber E, it is recombusted by the reburning burner E1.
- the remaining unburned gas is detected by measurement at the measurement port at the lower part of the exhaust stack.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically showing the flow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe F. Only exhaust gas resulting from complete combustion flows into the exhaust tube F, and exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere by forced exhaust through the forced exhaust pipe F5. This completes the incineration. *
- the exhaust gas at this position is, for example, about 350 ° C., and is sufficiently hot to be applied to the heat exchanger H.
- all may be applied to the heat exchanger H.
- the heat exchanger H By causing the heat exchanger H to exchange heat with water, the water can be made hot water.
- heat exchange with air may be performed. Thereby, it becomes possible to dry air or use it for warm air heating.
- the smokeless incinerator of the present invention can be configured as a heat exchange system combined with such a heat exchanger H.
- the smokeless incinerator used for the test has the same configuration as the above-described embodiment.
- the device scale is as follows. ⁇ Incineration capacity: 16.191 (kg / h) ⁇ Firebed area: 0.29 (m 2 ) ⁇ Exhaust pipe: Diameter 250 (mm), Height 3.565 (m)
- the measurement results based on the measurement method of dioxins in exhaust gas are as follows. Measurements were made on the exhaust gas, incinerated ash, and soot and dust collected from the measurement port F1 in FIG. 1, the ash outlet A8 in FIG. 2, and the ash outlet D1 in FIG. *
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ている。
エア送出管F4の一端に接続されている。エア送出管F4の他端は、高圧ターボブロアF2の送風口に設けられたエアチャンバF3に接続されている。
Claims (10)
- 燃焼対象物を投入されかつ耐火レンガ壁(A12)と燃焼対象物の燃焼を補助するための助燃焼用バーナー(A31)とを具備する主燃焼部(A1)と、前記主燃焼部(A1)の上に配置されかつ水冷ジャケット壁(A27)を具備する水冷ジャケット部(A2)とを設けた一次燃焼室(A)と、 前記一次燃焼室(A)の上方に配置されかつ未燃焼ガスを燃焼するための再燃焼用バーナー(B1)を具備する二次燃焼室(B)と、 前記二次燃焼室(B)の側方に一列に順次配置された、セラミックフィルタ(C1)を具備するフィルタ付燃焼室(C)及び集塵サイクロン(D3)を具備する三次燃焼室(D)と、 前記三次燃焼室(D)の上方に配置されかつ未燃焼ガスを燃焼するための別の再燃焼用バーナー(E1)を具備する四次燃焼室(E)と、 前記四次燃焼室(E)の上方に配置されかつ強制排気手段(F2, F5)を具備する排気筒(F)と、を有することを特徴とする 無煙焼却炉。
- 前記二次燃焼室(B)の再燃焼用バーナー(B1)は、前記フィルタ付燃焼室(C)に対向する側面の隣に位置する側面に取り付けられ、かつ、前記フィルタ付燃焼室(C)に向かう方向に対して鋭角(α)に傾斜して取り付けられていることを特徴とする 請求項1に記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 前記二次燃焼室(B)の再燃焼用バーナー(B1)は、前記フィルタ付燃焼室(C)及び前記三次燃焼室(D)を加熱可能であることを特徴とする 請求項2に記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 前記二次燃焼室(B)、前記フィルタ付燃焼室(C)、前記三次燃焼室(D)及び前記四次燃焼室(E)はそれぞれ、多孔質セラミック壁(B2, C2, D2, E2)を具備することを特徴とする 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 前記一次燃焼室(A)内にて上下方向に延在しエアを供給する複数のエアノズル(A11)を具備することを特徴とする 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 前記一次燃焼室(A)の前記主燃焼部(A1)の下方部分にておき燃焼のためのエアを供給するおき燃用エアノズル(A10)を具備することを特徴とする 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 前記一次燃焼室(A)の前記主燃焼部(A1)において、前記助燃焼用バーナー(A31)の上方にさらに別の再燃焼用バーナー(A32)を具備する
ことを特徴とする 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉。 - 前記一次燃焼室(A)の前記水冷ジャケット部(A2)にさらに別の再燃焼用バーナー(A33)を具備することを特徴とする 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉(1)と、 前記一次燃焼室(A)の前記水冷ジャケット部(A2)から送出される蒸気を供給されて発電を行う発電機(G)と、を有することを特徴とする発電システム。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の無煙焼却炉(1)と、 前記排気筒(F)から送出される排ガスを供給されて熱交換を行う熱交換器(H)と、を有することを特徴とする熱交換システム。
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/565,858 US10302297B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | Smokeless incinerator and system using same |
KR1020167005171A KR101686388B1 (ko) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | 무연 소각로 및 이를 이용한 시스템 |
EP15898327.0A EP3324116B1 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | Smokeless incinerator and system using same |
SG11201600723VA SG11201600723VA (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | Smokeless incinerator and system using the same |
CN201580001335.8A CN106537037B (zh) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | 无烟焚烧炉以及使用该无烟焚烧炉的系统 |
ES15898327T ES2774417T3 (es) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | Incinerador sin humo y sistema que usa el mismo |
PH12016500095A PH12016500095B1 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2016-01-14 | Smokeless incinerator and system using the same |
PH12018500194A PH12018500194A1 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2018-01-25 | Smokeless incinerator and system using the same |
PH12018500193A PH12018500193A1 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2018-01-25 | Smokeless incinerator and system using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2015-141295 | 2015-07-15 | ||
JP2015141295A JP5903182B1 (ja) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-15 | 無煙焼却炉及びこれを用いたシステム |
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WO2017010015A1 true WO2017010015A1 (ja) | 2017-01-19 |
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PCT/JP2015/070649 WO2017010015A1 (ja) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-21 | 無煙焼却炉及びこれを用いたシステム |
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US (1) | US10302297B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3324116B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5903182B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106537037B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2774417T3 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY167705A (ja) |
PH (2) | PH12018500193A1 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG11201600723VA (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI554730B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017010015A1 (ja) |
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WO2020017372A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | 株式会社ブルークロス | ごみ焼却設備 |
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CN109140451A (zh) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-04 | 上海市动物无害化处理中心 | 一种动物无害化焚烧处理的烟气净化工艺及设备 |
FR3102833B1 (fr) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-08-05 | Mini Green Power | Module de production de chaleur comprenant un système de filtration haute température |
TWI762399B (zh) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-04-21 | 崑山科技大學 | 環保生質燃料之燃燒爐 |
CN113701185B (zh) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-06-21 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | 超低排放电站锅炉高温腐蚀程度的监测装置和方法 |
EP4202297A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-28 | L'Air Liquide, société anonyme pour l'Étude et l'Exploitation des procédés Georges Claude | Combustion process |
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WO2020017372A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | 株式会社ブルークロス | ごみ焼却設備 |
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CN106537037B (zh) | 2018-11-13 |
PH12018500193A1 (en) | 2018-07-09 |
CN106537037A (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
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US20180112868A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
US10302297B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
JP5903182B1 (ja) | 2016-04-13 |
TW201702529A (zh) | 2017-01-16 |
SG11201600723VA (en) | 2017-02-27 |
PH12018500194A1 (en) | 2018-07-09 |
EP3324116A1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
TWI554730B (zh) | 2016-10-21 |
ES2774417T3 (es) | 2020-07-21 |
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EP3324116A4 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
MY167705A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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