WO2017081887A1 - 植物栽培室の防除装置 - Google Patents
植物栽培室の防除装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017081887A1 WO2017081887A1 PCT/JP2016/070095 JP2016070095W WO2017081887A1 WO 2017081887 A1 WO2017081887 A1 WO 2017081887A1 JP 2016070095 W JP2016070095 W JP 2016070095W WO 2017081887 A1 WO2017081887 A1 WO 2017081887A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- cultivation room
- plant
- chemical solution
- plant cultivation
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0278—Arrangement or mounting of spray heads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/24—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like
- A01M1/245—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like for pesticide application or distribution, e.g. using a network of pipes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
- A01M7/0007—Atomisers or mist blowers mounted on a frame and guided by hand; Atomiser barrow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/005—Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
- B05B1/20—Arrangements of several outlets along elongated bodies, e.g. perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
- B05B1/20—Arrangements of several outlets along elongated bodies, e.g. perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor
- B05B1/205—Arrangements of several outlets along elongated bodies, e.g. perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor characterised by the longitudinal shape of the elongated body
- B05B1/207—Arrangements of several outlets along elongated bodies, e.g. perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor characterised by the longitudinal shape of the elongated body the elongated body being a closed loop
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
- B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
- B05B7/2405—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
- B05B7/2416—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle characterised by the means for producing or supplying the atomising fluid, e.g. air hoses, air pumps, gas containers, compressors, fans, ventilators, their drives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plant cultivation room control apparatus, and more particularly to a control apparatus for spraying a chemical solution containing a pest control agent in a plant cultivation room such as a greenhouse or a glass house (so-called greenhouse).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-95461
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-95461
- the electrostatic spraying method is used in order to attach a chemical
- a charge (static electricity) is applied by applying a voltage of 300 to 800V.
- spraying of chemicals is performed while the fogger is unmannedly moved, and the spray is automatically stopped when the direction of the fog is directed to the crop in order to prevent the control agent sprayed from the fogger from directly hitting the crop. is doing.
- Patent Document 1 when the electrostatic spraying method is used, the spray nozzle is charged, so there is a risk of electric leakage.
- the pesticide is sprayed with a smoke machine carried by the worker, but it becomes heavy labor for the worker and when the house is filled with spray of pesticide, the worker Health problems occur.
- patent document 2 since spraying of a chemical
- the chemical solution is prevented from directly hitting the crop, there are many cases where it is not possible to control the crops, particularly the pests attached to the back of the leaves, simply by floating the chemical solution in the air.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a control apparatus capable of spraying a chemical solution to a plant cultivation room without affecting workers and reliably controlling pests attached to the cultivated plant. Is an issue.
- the present invention comprises spray means provided with a nozzle for spraying a chemical solution containing a pest control agent into a plant cultivation room,
- the nozzle is arranged such that the droplets being sprayed are 100 ⁇ m or less and the average particle diameter is 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and the spray from the nozzle is evenly filled throughout the plant cultivation room,
- the control apparatus of the plant cultivation room provided with the control apparatus which sprays from the said nozzle so that the humidity in this plant cultivation room becomes 90% or more and 100% or less is provided.
- the chemical solution sprayed into the plant cultivation room (hereinafter abbreviated as the cultivation room) is 100 ⁇ m or less, and the average particle size is 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the chemical solution can be suspended in the air after spraying is 100 ⁇ m or less. By floating in the cultivation room, it is possible to attach a chemical solution that does not easily adhere to the leaves of plants. It can be attached and controlled.
- the surface of the leaf becomes wet due to excessive adhesion of the droplets, and there is a risk of causing phytotoxicity to the leaf, and the coarse mist exceeding 100 ⁇ m does not evaporate and becomes large water droplets, Furthermore, a vicious cycle that is difficult to evaporate occurs. Moreover, since the ground of the planting surface is also wetted, the chemical solution is wasted. According to the experiment by the present applicant, it has been confirmed that the annual use amount of the agricultural chemical can be reduced to about 1 ⁇ 2 as compared with the case where the average particle diameter exceeds 100 ⁇ m and reaches 300 ⁇ m. On the other hand, when the average particle size of the chemical solution is smaller than 10 ⁇ m, the spray amount becomes small and a sufficient spray effect cannot be obtained. Moreover, in order to generate droplets smaller than 10 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the equipment cost and running cost are increased.
- the humidity of a cultivation room is maintained at 90% or more and 100% or less with the fine mist with a particle size of 100 micrometers or less injected from a nozzle.
- the reason why the chemical solution is sprayed until the humidity reaches 90% is that if there is a place where the chemical solution does not reach in the cultivation room, the pest may fly to a place where there is no chemical solution and cannot be controlled. This is because when the humidity reaches 90% or more, the portion where the chemical solution is not spread in the cultivation room is surely eliminated, and the pests invading the cultivation room can be controlled with the chemical solution.
- the humidity is controlled by spraying from the nozzle so that the humidity inside the plant cultivation room becomes a target set humidity between 90% and 100%, but at that time, the target
- the nozzle may be continuously sprayed until it reaches a predetermined humidity lower than the set humidity, for example, 85% humidity, and intermittently sprayed from the nozzle until the target set humidity is reached when 85% is reached.
- a predetermined humidity lower than the set humidity for example, 85% humidity
- the spraying of the chemical solution is not necessarily automatic. This is because there is no waste of chemicals when workers find pests and start spraying manually, and there is no problem for the workers because the chemicals are not yet filled in the cultivation room at the start of spraying. It depends. On the other hand, after the start of automatic spraying, the worker leaves the cultivation room, and especially when the chemical solution is filled in the cultivation room, the worker is adversely affected. Therefore, the spray stop is detected by a timer or a humidity sensor. ing.
- a pipe header is installed in the upper space in the plant cultivation room, and the nozzle is attached to the pipe header with a space therebetween,
- a blower is mounted on an elevator in the plant cultivation room, and the nozzles are attached to a ring header provided on the outer periphery of the fan of the blower with a required interval.
- a plurality of piping headers may be attached by attaching a piping header in the length direction above each culm. It is preferable to use a fan having a diameter of 40 cm to 55 cm as a fan of the blower for attaching the nozzle to the ring header.
- the blower comprises an intake fan with a nozzle (intake fan), spray from the nozzle increases the injection distance by the air discharged from the intake fan, and the discharge force of the air from the intake fan and the nozzle The wind speed is increased by the combined force of the injection force.
- the chemical solution can be quickly filled into the cultivation room by increasing the spray distance of the fog and increasing the wind speed of the fog. Therefore, by arranging a plurality of fans with a large number of nozzles attached to the ring header in the cultivation room, the cultivation room can be quickly filled with the chemical solution.
- the fan mounted on the elevator blows the chemical solution upward from the nozzle toward the back of the plant leaf at a low position, sprays the chemical solution toward the leaf surface of the plant at a high position and has a low height, or a tall plant It is preferable that the chemical solution be sprayed sideways toward the leaf surface.
- the chemical solution when the chemical solution is blown upward from the lower part of the plant with the fan at a low position, the chemical solution can be efficiently attached to the back of the leaves.
- the chemical solution when the chemical solution is sprayed downward from the upper part of the plant, the chemical solution can be attached to the leaf surface.
- the fan may be mounted on the traveling carriage, moved to a place where insects are frequently generated, and then the chemical solution may be sprayed from a nozzle attached to the fan.
- the nozzle for chemical spraying attached to the pipe header or ring header has an average spray particle size of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, a spray amount of 0.37 ml / second to 5.61 ml / second, a spray pressure of 2 MPa to 6 MPa, and a spray angle of 50 degrees or more. It is preferable that the pipe header is attached at an interval of 100 cm to 300 cm, or is attached to the fan ring header at an interval of 10 cm to 20 cm.
- a nozzle that is sprayed as a semi-dry fog having a droplet to be sprayed of 100 ⁇ m or less and an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m is preferably used.
- Dry fog is a non-wetting mist that floats in the air and does not adhere to an object.
- Semi-dry fog is a mist that adheres to an object but evaporates immediately. When the semi-dry fog of 10 to 30 ⁇ m is used, the time for floating in the air can be extended and the vapor can be evaporated in the air.
- a chemical solution side branch pipe and a water side branch pipe are connected via a switching valve to a liquid supply pipe to a pipe header to which the nozzle is attached or the fan ring header, and water is supplied as cleaning water after the chemical liquid is supplied to the nozzle.
- water be supplied to the nozzle to selectively use it as a fine fog cooling nozzle and a humidifying nozzle.
- the nozzle is used separately for spraying chemicals and for spraying water, and is branched into two downstream of the liquid supply pipe connected to the nozzle via the pump, and the chemical side branch pipe is connected to the chemical tank.
- the water side branch pipe is connected to the water tank. Water spray is sprayed for washing after chemical spraying, cooling spraying when the cultivation room becomes hot in summer and the like, and spraying for humidification when drying in winter and the like.
- the nozzle can be used for spraying chemicals, for washing, for cooling, and for humidification, and the state of the cultivation room can be made an optimum environment without incurring high costs.
- the droplets sprayed from the nozzle are 100 ⁇ m or less and the semi-dry fog having an average particle size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m, the droplets can float in the air and evaporate, It can prevent the leaf from becoming wet and suppressing the growth of the leaf.
- a humidity sensor or a timer is installed in the plant cultivation room, and a control device that receives a detection value from the humidity sensor is provided, and the humidity sensor detection value is within a setting range. It is preferable to adopt a structure in which the nozzle spray is controlled to be turned on and off by a timer.
- a control device including a program for spraying washing water for a predetermined time after stopping spraying while setting spraying start conditions and spray stopping conditions for the chemical solution in advance,
- the start of spraying of the chemical solution from the nozzle, the stop of spraying, and the subsequent cleaning may be performed unattended and periodically according to a program registered in the control device.
- the predetermined humidity, the target set humidity, and the intermittent operation conditions are set in advance by the program also when the spray is continuously sprayed to a predetermined humidity and intermittent spray is performed until the target set humidity is reached after reaching the predetermined humidity.
- the chemical solution may be sprayed periodically during the season when pests are likely to be generated so that the control can be carried out with complete unmanned control.
- the spraying may be stopped when the detected value from the hygrometer or temperature / humidity meter installed in the cultivation room reaches a set threshold, but the spray amount of the nozzle and the volume of the cultivation room It is good also as timer control which measures the time when a cultivation room becomes 90% or more of humidity beforehand, and stops spraying automatically, if set time passes after spraying start.
- timer control which measures the time when a cultivation room becomes 90% or more of humidity beforehand, and stops spraying automatically, if set time passes after spraying start.
- the chemical liquid is sprayed from the nozzle and then supplied with water for cleaning for a predetermined time, the nozzle can be prevented from being clogged by the chemical liquid, and the nozzle can be made maintenance-free.
- the detected value detected by the temperature and humidity sensor installed in the greenhouse or the saturation value calculated from them is registered in the control device. It is preferable to control the start and stop of spraying when the threshold set by the program is reached. For example, it is preferable to start spraying when the temperature in the cultivation room reaches 30 ° C., and to stop spraying when the temperature reaches less than 30 ° C. or 80% or more of humidity.
- the nozzle attached adjacent to the piping header extending in the length direction of the plant cultivation room with a distance in the length direction is a position where the spray range is in contact or a position where the spray range is a maximum of 300 cm or less. Attached to the And it is preferable that this nozzle is attached to the both sides
- the nozzles when the nozzles are arranged at positions where the spray ranges of adjacent nozzles are in contact with each other, it is possible to eliminate portions where the chemical solution has not reached.
- the liquid droplets can be floated with an average particle size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m and a liquid droplet of 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the entire cultivation room is fully filled.
- the nozzles when the nozzles are attached to both sides in a face-to-face arrangement or a staggered arrangement, the entire chemical solution can be efficiently filled in the entire cultivation room.
- invades into a cultivation room can be exterminated reliably by eliminating the location where the chemical
- the fan mounted on the elevator is preferably arranged at a high position when spraying for fine mist cooling and spraying for humidification.
- a one-fluid nozzle that sprays only a chemical solution or water is preferably used.
- a one-fluid nozzle including a nozzle tip provided with a nozzle on the liquid outflow side of a check valve in which a water stop valve is urged in a closing direction by a spring is preferably used.
- a spray nozzle provided with a check valve of Japanese Patent No. 5118410 of the present applicant is suitably used.
- the pests to be controlled by spraying the chemical solution from the nozzle of the present invention are targeted for aphids, ash mold disease (Botridis fungus), powdery mildew (fungi fungi), leaf mold disease (leaf mold fungus) and the like.
- Commercially available emulsions, solutions, aqueous solvents, wettable powders, flowable agents and the like are used as chemical solutions used for controlling these pests.
- the particle size of the chemical solution sprayed into the cultivation room is 100 ⁇ m or less, the average particle size is 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and can float in the air, and the spraying chemical solution has a humidity of 90% in the cultivation room. Since it is filled in the range of 100% or less, the chemical solution can be adhered to the back surface of the plant leaf to which the chemical solution is difficult to adhere, and the chemical solution can be uniformly adhered and controlled on the front and back surfaces of the leaf.
- the droplets are 100 ⁇ m or less, they do not get wet even if they adhere to the leaves, there is no risk of causing chemical damage to the leaves, and the coarse mist does not evaporate and become large water droplets that do not fall on the planting surface. For this reason, the amount of the chemical solution to be used can be reduced. And since the injection of the chemical liquid from the nozzle is automatically stopped by the humidity sensor or the timer control, the worker can spray the chemical liquid while leaving the cultivation room, and there is no possibility that the chemical liquid will adversely affect the worker.
- the nozzle can be used for various purposes such as spraying water from the nozzle for fine fog cooling and humidification.
- the particle size of water is 100 ⁇ m or less, and it is easy to evaporate. Therefore, it is possible to suppress and prevent the unevaporated water droplets from adhering to the plant.
- the plant cultivation room of 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is sectional drawing of a perpendicular direction, (C) is sectional drawing of a horizontal direction. It is explanatory drawing of the piping header provided with the nozzle installed in the plant cultivation room of FIG. 1, and the liquid supply path
- (A) is a top view which shows the nozzle attached to the said piping header
- (B) is sectional drawing of a nozzle
- (C) is a principal part perspective view of (A). It is a schematic plan view which shows the modification of the arrangement position of the nozzle attached to a piping header.
- (A) (B) is drawing which shows the modification of arrangement
- (A) (B) is drawing which shows the modification of the nozzle attached to a piping header.
- positioning in the plant cultivation room of 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown,
- (A) is a schematic plan view,
- (B) is a side view of (A).
- (A) is a side view in a state where a blower equipped with a nozzle-equipped fan used in the second embodiment is mounted on an elevator and is in a high position, and
- (B) is a side view in a state where the elevator is lowered to a low position. is there. It is a front view of the ring header which attached the nozzle of the said fan. It is explanatory drawing which shows the spraying state of the chemical
- (A) (B) is drawing which shows the modification of 2nd Embodiment.
- a pipe header 3 having a nozzle 5 attached to the upper part of a cultivation room 2 surrounded by a plant cultivation house 1 made of a vinyl house is installed, and the nozzle 5 is used for chemical spraying, for fine fog cooling and for humidification. It is used for many purposes.
- the cultivation room 2 is provided with a cocoon 9 or a cultivation bed of a plant P having a relatively low height such as tomato, strawberry, and lettuce.
- the cultivation room 2 has a rectangular horizontal cross section, is surrounded by the peripheral walls 2a to 2d and the ceiling, and is provided with an opening / closing door and a window with a mesh at appropriate positions of the peripheral walls 2a to 2d.
- the piping header 3 provided in the cultivation room 2 is composed of a round pipe for supplying liquid, and is arranged at substantially the entire length in the length direction of the cultivation room 2 and at an upper position between the ridges 9 in the width direction orthogonal to the length direction. Is arranged. In this embodiment, the number of piping headers 3 is four.
- the height position of the pipe header is above the planned height when the plant P is grown.
- Each nozzle 3 has nozzles 5 attached to both sides in the width direction.
- the nozzles 5 attached to both sides of the pipe header 3 may be alternately attached in the length direction to form a staggered arrangement.
- the position of the nozzle 5 attached to the pipe header 3 is L1 between the adjacent nozzles 5.
- the dimension L1 is varied depending on the spraying range of the nozzle 5 to be attached.
- the nozzle 5 used in the present embodiment has an interval of 100 to 300 cm (200 cm in the present embodiment), and the spraying range (fs) of each nozzle 5 is in contact. I am doing so. Thereby, the spray from the nozzle 5 is made to spread over the whole plant cultivation area
- one end of four pipe headers 3 installed in the cultivation room 2 is connected to four pipes 6a branched from one common liquid supply pipe 6, and the other end is closed. Yes.
- the common liquid supply pipe 6 is provided with a pump 7, it is branched into a chemical liquid side branch pipe connected to the chemical liquid tank 10 and a water side branch pipe connected to the water tank 11.
- a three-way solenoid valve 12 is provided at the branch position so that a chemical solution and water can be selectively supplied to the nozzle 5.
- the pump 7 and the three-way solenoid valve 12 are driven and controlled by a control device 15, and the control device 15 sends an operation signal to the pump 7 and the three-way solenoid valve 12 in accordance with a pre-registered program. Yes. And the humidity and temperature in the cultivation room 2 detected with the temperature / humidity sensor 16 installed in the cultivation room 2 are transmitted to the control apparatus 15.
- the nozzle 5 attached to the pipe header 3 generates a semi-dry fog having a droplet diameter of 100 ⁇ m or less and an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. Since the mist sprayed from the nozzle 5 is a semi-dry fog, water droplets are generated. It cannot be dropped and can be suspended in the air of the hollow part.
- a one-fluid nozzle comprising a spray nozzle provided with a check valve shown in FIG. 3 is used.
- the nozzle is the nozzle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5118410 of the present applicant.
- the spray nozzle equipped with this check valve allows the fluid at the required pressure and flow rate to flow at once when the check valve is opened, and at the same time shuts off the flow path even when the fluid supply is stopped to shorten the low-pressure spray time. , It has a feature that makes it difficult for water-stopping failure to occur and eliminates fluid dropping from the spray nozzle.
- the nozzle 5 accommodates a check valve 20 in a housing 30 and a nozzle tip 21 with a closer 28 interposed on the liquid outflow side of the check valve 20.
- a spring 23 is compressed between the closer 28 and the rubber water stop valve 24 to urge the water stop valve 24 in the valve closing direction.
- the water stop valve 24 is moved against the spring 23 by the liquid pressure flowing from the throttle passage 25 on the liquid inflow side to open the first seal portion 24A and the second seal portion 24B of the valve seat, and the nozzle tip 21 is provided.
- the liquid is ejected from the nozzle 27.
- a strainer 29 is attached to the liquid inlet side, and a liquid having a required pressure from the pipe header 3 passes through the strainer 29 and then flows into the check valve 20.
- four flow passages 21b communicating from the outer peripheral side to the central injection hole 21a are provided at 90 ° intervals on the inflow side end face of the nozzle tip 21, and closers are provided on the outer peripheral portions of these flow passages 21b. 28, the water flowing into the nozzle tip 21 is swirled and flows into the central injection hole 21a, and is injected from the nozzle 27 at the tip.
- the one-fluid nozzle 5 configured as described above passes through the throttle passage 25 on the inflow side of the check valve 20 and checks. Open the valve. More specifically, after the first seal portion 24A of the valve seat is opened against the spring 23, the second seal portion 24B is instantaneously opened to open the check valve 20 against the spring 23. Through at once. When the second seal portion 24B opens and the water stop valve 24 moves to the closer 28 side, the liquid that has passed through the second seal portion 24B flows into the flow path 21b of the nozzle tip 21 through the gap, and the central injection hole 21a. Through the nozzle hole 27 at the tip. When the liquid supply is shut off, the first and second seal portions 24A and 24B of the check valve 20 are closed.
- the check valve 20 when the check valve 20 is opened, a small amount of water does not gradually flow into the nozzle 27 and is injected at a low pressure, and the nozzle 5 can be injected at the required water pressure at once. Absent.
- the gap acts as a water constriction channel, so that the pressure can be increased from the start of injection and the droplets are miniaturized. Further, it can be sprayed as fine water droplets having an average particle size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- water when the supply of water is stopped, water hardly accumulates from the closed position of the check valve 20 to the nozzle 27, so that a drop of water droplets from the nozzle 27 can be prevented.
- the nozzle 5 has a droplet diameter of 100 ⁇ m or less and an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, a spray amount of 0.37 ml / second to 5.61 ml / second, and a spray pressure of 2 MPa or more.
- the pressure is 6 MPa and the spray angle is 50 to 80 degrees.
- the control device 15 starts spraying and stopping spraying of a chemical solution, supplying water for washing to the nozzle for a predetermined time, and further starting spraying for fine fog cooling, stopping spraying, and starting and spraying for humidification. The stop is performed automatically.
- the spraying of the chemical solution automatically sprays the chemical solution once every three days during the season in which pests are likely to occur.
- the spraying of the chemical solution is stopped, and water is supplied for 10 minutes after the stop to wash the nozzle 5 with water.
- the spraying and cleaning of the chemical solution are performed unattended and regularly.
- the spray start may be started by operating the operation button when the worker finds a pest, or after the spray start, the worker leaves the cultivation room 2 and the spray stop is automatically performed.
- a camera may be installed in the cultivation room 2, and an image captured by the camera may be transmitted to the control device 15, and a chemical solution may be sprayed when a pest or leaf worm-eating state is detected from the image.
- the average particle size of the chemical solution to be sprayed is a semi-dry fog of 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, so that the chemical solution can be suspended in the air and the spray range of adjacent nozzles is adjacent. Since 5 is arrange
- the droplet of the chemical liquid to be sprayed floats in the air, the chemical liquid can adhere to the upper surface (surface) of the plant P by spraying down from the upper nozzle 5 and the chemical liquid is difficult to adhere.
- the chemical solution can be attached to the lower surface (back surface) of the leaf.
- the pests attached to the back of the leaves can be controlled with a chemical solution.
- the droplets are small, the droplets attached to the leaves evaporate, and the coarse mist does not evaporate and can be prevented from becoming large water droplets and becoming wet with the leaves, and plants by supplying excessive chemicals The occurrence of a vicious circle can be prevented.
- the chemical solution In the spraying of the chemical solution from the nozzle, the chemical solution is continuously sprayed from the nozzle until the predetermined humidity of 85% lower than the target set humidity of 90% is reached, and then the chemical solution is sprayed intermittently until the target set humidity of 90% is reached. is doing.
- the chemical solution may be continuously sprayed from the nozzle until the target set humidity of 90% is reached.
- the worker since the spraying of the chemical solution is automatically stopped, the worker can leave the cultivation room 2 during the spraying of the chemical solution and is not adversely affected by the chemical solution.
- the said system for chemical spraying is also used for fine fog cooling and humidification. That is, the detected value is received by the control device 15 from the temperature / humidity sensor 16, and when the detected temperature (for example, 30 degrees) reaches the set value set in the program, water from the nozzle is sprayed to perform fine fog cooling. When the temperature drops to a predetermined temperature (26 degrees) in the cultivation room 2, the operation stops. Moreover, when the humidity in the cultivation room 2 falls, the inside of the cultivation room 2 is humidified by spraying water from the nozzle 5.
- the nozzle 5 may be attached to the pipe header 3 in a staggered arrangement in the length direction as shown in FIG. Since other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- cultivation chambers 2-1 and 2-2 having a length of 5700 cm and a width of 900 cm are juxtaposed, and one piping header 3-in the center of each cultivation chamber 2-1 and 2-2. 1 and 3-2 may be piped, and the nozzle 5 may be attached to each pipe header in a face-to-face arrangement.
- the nozzle 5 to be used may be the nozzle shown in FIGS.
- the nozzle 5 is a nozzle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5037897, which is a prior application of the present applicant. That is, the nozzle 5 includes a cylindrical main body 62 and a nozzle tip 63 fixed to the inner surface of the injection side wall 62 b of the main body 62.
- the main body 62 one end of a cylindrical peripheral wall 62a is closed by an injection side wall 62b, and an injection hole 62c is provided at the center thereof, while the other end of the peripheral wall 62a is an opening 62d, and the opening 62d communicates with a supply pipe. It flows into the hollow portion 62e.
- the nozzle tip 63 has a substantially disk shape, is molded when the main body 62 is molded, and is fixed to the inner surface of the injection side wall 62 b of the main body 62.
- the nozzle tip 63 is provided with an injection hole 63a communicating with the injection port 62c at the center of the injection side wall 62b of the main body 62, and sprays nutrient solution and water as a swirling flow from the injection hole 63a through the injection port 62c.
- the injection hole 63a includes a tapered hole portion 63a-1 that is reduced in diameter from the inflow side, and a small diameter hole portion 63a-2 that is continuous with the tapered hole portion 63a-1 and communicates with the injection port 62c.
- the inner surface of the nozzle tip 63 is provided with swiveling grooves 63b that are curved in an arc shape with an interval of 90 degrees. The liquid is made to flow while swirling through.
- the water flowing from the ring header 53 into the main body 62 passes through the swiveling groove 63b of the nozzle tip 63 on the jetting side and flows as a swirling flow into the tapered hole 63a-1 of the jetting hole 63a. .
- the water droplets are refined because they collide while swirling against the inner peripheral surface of the hole, and the water droplets are refined to the small diameter hole 63a-2 on the ejection side from the tapered hole 63a-1. Further, fine water droplets having an average particle diameter of 10 to 30 ⁇ m are ejected as semi-dry fog from the nozzle 62 c of the communicating main body 62.
- FIG. 7 to 10 show a second embodiment.
- the air blower 70 is installed in each cultivation room 2 (2-1, 2-2) of the plant cultivation house 1.
- FIG. 7 Specifically, in each cultivation room having a length of 57000 mm and a width of 9000 mm, two fans 70A are arranged on both sides in the width direction at one end in the length direction, and two fans on both sides in the width direction in the center in the length direction. 70B is arranged, two fans 70C are arranged on both sides in the width direction at the other end in the length direction, and a total of six fans 70 are arranged.
- Each blower 70 is mounted on an elevator 80 as shown in FIG.
- the lower base 81 and the upper base 82 are connected by an X-type connecting member 83 that can be raised and lowered, and when the X-type connecting member 83 is raised as shown in FIG. 8A, the blower 70 mounted on the upper base 82.
- the blower 70 mounted on the upper base 82 is set to the low position, and the blower 70 is selectively set to the low position and the high position. It can be arranged in.
- a traveling wheel is attached to the lower surface of the lower base 81 so that it can be conveyed to an arbitrary position.
- the nozzles 5 are attached to the ring header 53 provided on the outer periphery of the wind blowing side of the case 52 containing the fan of each blower 70 with a required interval.
- the nozzle 5 is attached to the inner peripheral side with an inclination of 20 to 50 degrees (45 degrees in this embodiment), and the spray sprayed from the nozzle 5 is mixed with the air blown from the fan to increase the spray speed.
- the diameter of the blower is 40 cm to 55 cm, and the nozzles 5 are attached to the ring header 53 at intervals of 10 cm to 20 cm.
- the ring header 53 is connected to a high pressure hose 85 for supplying a chemical solution and water and sprayed from the nozzle 5.
- the supply path for supplying the chemical solution from the chemical solution tank to the ring header 53 and supplying the water from the water tank is the same as in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. Further, the spraying and stopping of the chemical solution, the subsequent supply of water for washing, and the spraying and stopping for fine mist cooling and humidification are automatically performed by the control device as in the first embodiment. Further, the blower 70 is attached to a bracket mounted on the upper base 82 so as to be able to swing downward and upward.
- the air blower 70 provided with the nozzle 5 can be selectively arrange
- the chemical solution is sprayed upward from below toward the back of the leaves of the plant P as a low position.
- the chemical solution is sprayed from above to the leaf surface of the plant P as a high position when spraying the chemical solution.
- the fan 70 is placed at a high position and sprayed downward to efficiently cool and humidify. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B show a modification of the second embodiment.
- a mounting ring 94 projecting from the upper plate 91 of the elevator 90 is hooked on a support beam 88 installed in the upper part of the cultivation room, and the elevator 90 is suspended from the upper space toward the plant.
- the elevator 90 has a multistage telescopic rod 93 interposed between the lower plate 92 and a blower 70 suspended from the lower surface of the lower plate 92.
- the multistage telescopic rod 93 includes rods 93a to 93d made of large and small cylinders so as to be telescopic. As shown in FIG. 11A, when the other cylinders 93b to 93d are housed in the uppermost cylinder 93a, the blower 70 becomes high. Position. When all the cylinders 93a to 93d are extended, the blower 70 is in a low position as shown in FIG. When cooling and humidifying, the blower 70 is set to a high position, water is sprayed downward from the nozzle 5 attached to the ring header 53, and when the chemical liquid is sprayed and controlled, the blower 70 is set to a low position and the nozzle 5 is directed upward to supply the chemical liquid. Spraying toward the back of the plant. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1では、栽培植物の葉裏に薬液を付着させるために静電噴霧方法を用いており、作業員が携帯する煙霧機より、薬液を微粒化して噴霧すると共に、該微粒子に比較的低圧の300~800Vの電圧をかけて電荷(静電気)を付与している。
特許文献2は、薬液の散布を煙霧機を無人移動させながら行い、煙霧機から噴霧される防除剤が作物に直接当たるのを防止するため、煙霧方向が作物の向きになる時に噴霧を自動停止している。
また、特許文献2では、薬液の散布を煙霧機を自動走行させて行うため、特許文献1で指摘するコストがかかる問題がある。また、薬液が作物に直接に当たることを防止しているが、薬液を空中に浮遊させるだけでは作物、特に、葉裏に付着する害虫を駆除できない場合も多い。
前記ノズルは噴霧中の液滴が100μm以下で且つ平均粒径が10μm以上30μm以下であり、該ノズルからの噴霧が該植物栽培室内の全域に均等に充満されるように前記ノズルを配置し、
かつ、該植物栽培室内部の湿度が90%以上100%以下になるように前記ノズルからの噴霧を行う制御装置を備えていることを特徴とする植物栽培室の防除装置を提供している。
一方、薬液の平均粒径が10μmより小さいと、噴霧量が少量となり、十分な噴霧効果が得られない。また、10μmより小さい液滴を発生させるには、設備コストやランニングコストが高くなる問題がある。
前記のように、植物栽培室内部の湿度が90%以上100%以下の間の目標の設定湿度になるように前記ノズルからの噴霧を行って湿度制御しているが、其の際、前記目標の設定湿度より低い所定湿度、例えば湿度85%に達するまではノズルから連続噴霧を行い、85%に達すると前記目標の設定湿度に達するまでノズルから間欠的に噴霧してもよい。このように、ノズルから前記所定湿度に達するまで連続噴霧を行い、その後、前記目標の設定湿度に達するまで間欠噴霧を行うと、植物栽培室内の湿度の安定化を図ることができる。
または、前記植物栽培室内に送風機を昇降機に搭載して配置し、前記送風機のファンの外周に設けたリングヘッダーに前記ノズルを所要間隔をあけて取り付けている。
前記送風機は、ノズル付き吸気用送風機(吸気用ファン)からなり、ノズルからの噴霧は吸気用送風機から吐出する送風で噴射距離を増大させ、かつ、吸気用送風機からの送風の吐出力とノズルの噴射力との合力で風速を速めている。このように、霧の噴射距離を増大させると共に霧の風速を速めることで栽培室内に迅速に薬液を充満させることができる。よって、多数のノズルをリングヘッダーに取り付けたファンを栽培室内に複数台並べることにより、迅速に栽培室内に薬液を充満させることができる。
前記のように、ファンを低位置として、植物の下部から上向きに薬液を吹き上げると、効率よく葉裏に薬液を付着させることができる。一方、高位置に位置させ、植物の上部から下向きに薬液を吹き付けると、葉表に薬液を付着させることができるものとしている。 また、ファンを走行台車に搭載しておき、害虫が多発している箇所に移動させた後、ファンに取り付けたノズルから薬液を噴霧してもよい。
水の噴霧は、薬液噴霧後の洗浄用噴霧と、夏季等の栽培室内が高温になった時の冷房用噴霧と、冬季等の乾燥時の加湿用噴霧として水を噴霧している。
このように、ノズルを薬液噴霧用、洗浄用、冷房用および加湿用として兼用でき、栽培室内の状態をコスト高を招くことなく、最適な環境にすることができる。
かつ、微霧冷房用および加湿用に水を噴霧しても、ノズルからの噴霧の水滴が100μm以下で平均粒径が10~30μmのセミドライフォグとすると、液滴を空中に浮かせて蒸発でき、葉が濡れた状態となって、葉の成長を抑制するのを防止できる。
前記ノズルからの薬液の噴霧開始、噴霧停止、その後の洗浄は、前記制御装置に登録しているプログラムに従って無人で定期的に行う構造としてもよい。
さらに、所定湿度まで連続噴霧し、所定湿度に達した後に目標の設定湿度に達するまで間欠噴霧する場合も前記プログラムで所定湿度、目標の設定湿度、間欠作動条件を予め設定することが好ましい。
また、ノズルから薬液を噴霧した後に、水をノズルに所定時間供給して洗浄すると、薬液によるノズル内部の目詰まり発生を防止でき、ノズルをメンテナンス・フリーにできる。
かつ、該ノズルは前記配管ヘッダーの長さ方向と直交する幅方向の両側面に長さ方向で対面配置または千鳥配置で取り付けることが好ましい。
該チェックバルブを備えた一流体ノズルとして、本出願人の特許第5118410号のチェックバルブを備えたスプレーノズルが好適に用いられる。
これら病害虫を防除するために用いる薬液として、市販の乳剤、液剤、水溶剤、水和剤、フロアブル剤等が用いられる。
かつ、湿度センサーまたはタイマー制御により、ノズルからの薬液の噴射を自動停止しているため、作業員は栽培室から退出した状態で薬液を散布でき、薬液が作業員に悪影響を与える恐れはない。
図1乃至図3に第1実施形態の植物栽培室の防除装置を示す。
第1実施形態は、ビニルハウスからなる植物栽培ハウス1で囲まれた栽培室2内の上部にノズル5を取り付けた配管ヘッダー3を架設し、ノズル5を薬液噴霧用、微霧冷房用および加湿用として多用途に用いている。栽培室2内にはトマト、イチゴ、レタス等の比較的背丈の低い植物Pの畝9または栽培ベッドが設けられている。
栽培室2は図示のように水平断面が長方形で、周壁2a~2dおよび天井で囲み、周壁2a~2dの適宜箇所に開閉扉およびメッシュ付きの窓が設けられている。
さらに、栽培室2内にカメラを設置し、該カメラで撮影した映像を制御装置15に送信し、映像より害虫または葉の虫食い状態が検出されると、薬液を噴霧してもよい。
ノズルからの薬液の噴霧は、目標の設定湿度90%より低い湿度の所定湿度85%に達するまでノズルから薬液を連続噴霧し、その後、目標の設定湿度90%に達するまで薬液を間欠的に噴霧している。なお、目標の設定湿度90%に達するまでノズルから薬液を連続噴霧してもよい。
また、薬液の噴霧を自動停止としているため、作業員は薬液噴霧時は栽培室2から退去でき、薬液による悪影響を受けない。
即ち、温湿度センサー16から検出値を制御装置15で受信し、プログラム設定している設定値に検出温度(例えば、30度)が達すると前記ノズルからの水を噴霧して微霧冷房を行い、栽培室2内の所定温度(26度)まで低下すると停止している。
また、栽培室2内の湿度が低下すると、ノズル5から水を噴霧して栽培室2内を加湿している。
ノズル5から水を噴霧して、栽培室2の内部が設定した温度に達すると共に、または湿度が所定値(例えば、80%)に達すると噴霧を停止する。
このように、栽培室2内の温度上昇に応じて自動的に冷房でき、設定温度まで低下すると自動的に停止し、栽培室2内の過熱を防止し、植物の生育に適した温度条件に保持することができる。かつ、栽培室2内の湿度を植物の生育に適した湿度条件に保持することができる。
他の構成は前記実施形態と同一であるため、同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
該ノズル5は本出願人の先願である特許第5037897号公報に開示したノズルからなる。即ち、ノズル5は筒状の本体62、該本体62の噴射側壁62bの内面に固定したノズルチップ63からなる。本体62は円筒状の周壁62aの一端を噴射側壁62bで閉鎖し、その中央に噴口62cを設ける一方、周壁62aの他端は開口62dとし、開口62dは供給用配管と連通し、本体62の中空部62eに流入している。
第2実施形態では、図7に示すように、植物栽培ハウス1の各栽培室2(2-1、2-2)の内部に、送風機70を設置している。詳しくは、長さ57000mmで幅9000mmの各栽培室内に、長さ方向の一端の幅方向の両側に2台の送風機70Aを配置し、長さ方向の中央に幅方向の両側に2台の送風機70Bを配置し、長さ方向の他端に幅方向の両側に2台の送風機70Cを配置し、合計6台の送風機70を配置している。
送風機の直径は40cm~55cmで、リングヘッダー53にノズル5を10cm~20cmの間隔で取り付けている。リングヘッダー53には薬液と水とを供給する高圧ホース85を接続してノズル5から噴霧している。リングヘッダー53へ薬液タンクから薬液を供給し、水タンクから水を供給する供給経路は第1実施形態と同様であるため説明を省略する。また、該薬液の噴霧と停止、その後の洗浄用の水の供給、さらに、微霧冷房および加湿用の噴霧と停止も第1実施形態と同様に制御装置で自動的に行っている。
さらに、前記送風機70は前記上台82に搭載したブラケットに下方傾斜、上方傾斜の首振りが可能として取り付けている。
一方、微霧冷房および加湿のための噴霧時は送風機70を高位置として、下向きに噴霧して効率よく冷房および加湿を行っている。
他の構成および作用は第1実施形態と同様であるため、説明を省略する。
該変形例では、栽培室内の上部に架設する支持用梁88に昇降機90の上板91に突設した取付環94を引っ掛けて、昇降機90を上部空間から植物に向けて吊り下げている。該昇降機90は下板92との間に多段伸縮ロッド93を介設し、下板92の下面に送風機70を吊り下げている。
冷房および加湿時には送風機70を高位置とし、リングヘッダー53に取り付けたノズル5から下向きに水を噴霧し、薬液を噴霧して防除するときは送風機70を低位置とし、ノズル5を上向きとして薬液を植物の裏面に向けて噴霧している。
他の構成は第2実施形態と同様であるため、説明を省略する。
2 栽培室
3 配管ヘッダー
5 ノズル
10 薬液タンク
11 水タンク
53 リングヘッダー
70 送風機
80、90 昇降機
Claims (10)
- 病害虫防除剤を含む薬液を植物栽培室内に噴霧するノズルを付設した噴霧手段を備え、 前記ノズルは噴霧中の液滴が100μm以下且つ平均粒径が10μm以上30μm以下であり、該ノズルからの噴霧が該植物栽培室内の全域に均等に充満されるように前記ノズルを配置し、
かつ、該植物栽培室内部の湿度が90%以上100%以下になるように前記ノズルからの噴霧を行う制御装置を備えていることを特徴とする植物栽培室の防除装置。 - 前記植物栽培室内の上部空間に配管ヘッダーを架設し、該配管ヘッダーに前記ノズルを間隔をあけて取り付け、
または、前記植物栽培室内に送風機を昇降機に搭載して配置し、前記送風機のファンの外周に設けたリングヘッダーに前記ノズルを所要間隔をあけて取り付けている請求項1に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。 - 前記ノズルは、噴霧量0.37ml/秒~5.61ml/秒、噴霧圧力2MPa~6MPa、噴霧角度50度~80度、前記配管ヘッダーに100cm~300cmの間隔をあけて取り付け、または前記ファンのリングヘッダーに10cm~20cmの間隔をあけて取り付けている請求項2に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
- 前記ノズルを取り付けた配管ヘッダーまたは前記ファンのリングヘッダーへの液供給管に切換弁を介して薬液側分岐管と水側分岐管を連結し、前記ノズルに薬液供給後に洗浄水として水を供給すると共に、該ノズルに水を供給して選択的に微霧冷房用ノズルおよび加湿用ノズルとして使用可としている請求項2または請求項3に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
- 前記植物栽培室内に湿度計を設置すると共に、該湿度計から検出値を受信する制御装置を設け、該検出値が設定した範囲になるように前記ノズルからの薬液噴霧をオン・オフする構成としている請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
- 前記薬液の噴霧開始条件と噴霧停止条件を予め設定するとともに、噴霧停止後に洗浄水を所定時間噴霧するプログラムを備える制御装置を設け、
前記ノズルからの薬液の噴霧開始、噴霧停止、その後の洗浄は、前記制御装置に登録しているプログラムに従って無人で定期的に行う構造としている請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。 - 前記植物栽培室の長さ方向に延在する配管ヘッダーに長さ方向に間隔をあけて隣接して取り付ける前記ノズルは、その噴霧範囲が接する位置または噴霧範囲が最大300cm以下の隙間をあけた位置に取り付け、
かつ、該ノズルは前記配管ヘッダーの長さ方向と直交する幅方向の両側面に長さ方向で対面配置または千鳥配置で取り付けている請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。 - 前記昇降機に搭載する前記送風機は、低位置で植物の葉裏に向けて前記ノズルから薬液を上向きに吹き上げ、高位置で背丈が低い植物の葉表に向けて薬液を噴き降ろし又は背丈が高い植物の葉表に向けて薬液を横向けに噴霧できる構成としている請求項2乃至請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
- 前記昇降機に搭載する前記送風機は、微霧冷房用噴霧時および加湿用噴霧時は高位置に配置する請求項2乃至請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
- 前記ノズルは、スプリングで止水弁を閉弁方向に付勢されたチェックバルブの液流出側に噴口を設けたノズルチップを備えている請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培室の防除装置。
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