WO2016125572A1 - 磁気共鳴イメージング装置および磁気共鳴イメージング方法 - Google Patents
磁気共鳴イメージング装置および磁気共鳴イメージング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5611—Parallel magnetic resonance imaging, e.g. sensitivity encoding [SENSE], simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics [SMASH], unaliasing by Fourier encoding of the overlaps using the temporal dimension [UNFOLD], k-t-broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique [k-t-BLAST], k-t-SENSE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/46—NMR spectroscopy
- G01R33/4633—Sequences for multi-dimensional NMR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
- G01R33/482—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a Cartesian trajectory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
- G01R33/482—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a Cartesian trajectory
- G01R33/4822—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a Cartesian trajectory in three dimensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/543—Control of the operation of the MR system, e.g. setting of acquisition parameters prior to or during MR data acquisition, dynamic shimming, use of one or more scout images for scan plane prescription
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/546—Interface between the MR system and the user, e.g. for controlling the operation of the MR system or for the design of pulse sequences
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic resonance imaging technique.
- the present invention relates to imaging technology that utilizes k-space low-frequency data.
- the MRI device measures NMR signals (echo signals) generated by the spins of the subject, especially the tissues of the human body, and forms the shape and function of the head, abdomen, limbs, etc. in two or three dimensions. It is a device that images. In imaging, the NMR signal is given different phase encoding and frequency encoding depending on the gradient magnetic field. The measured NMR signal is reconstructed into an image by two-dimensional or three-dimensional Fourier transform.
- Measured NMR signals are arranged in a data space on a memory called k-space and called k-space data.
- Data near the origin of k-space data (so-called k-space low-frequency data) has a higher signal value than other regions, and includes a lot of information (subject signal, spatial distribution). For this reason, k-space low-frequency data is used in various photographing.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1 there is parallel imaging in which the k-space is thinned and measured to speed up imaging.
- parallel imaging the sensitivity distribution and phase distribution of a reception channel or the periodicity of k-space data is obtained from k-space low-frequency data of each reception channel, and an image is reconstructed based on these.
- Compressed Sensing restores a complete image by applying iterative calculation to images created from k-space data measured by thinning out at random (see Patent Document 2).
- Compressed Sensing technology often measures the low frequency of k-space with higher density than other areas.
- signal correction is performed using k-space low-frequency data in half estimation processing that estimates non-measurement data using conjugate symmetry in k space and processing that combines data of multiple reception channels with complex numbers.
- Non-patent Document 2 a significant signal is applied by applying threshold processing to select only high-signal data for processing.
- Patent Document 3 threshold processing to select only high-signal data for processing
- Patent Document 3 singular value decomposition, etc.
- Non-patent Document 2 a technique for extracting only components.
- the signal intensity distribution (shape) of k-space data in k-space varies depending on the imaging type such as FOV, cross section, sequence type, and image contrast.
- the position (peak position) where the signal becomes the highest is shifted by the phase distribution of the reception channel. Therefore, the peak position of k-space data is not necessarily at the origin of k-space, and is shifted to a different position for each reception channel.
- the k-space low-frequency data has the above properties and has variations in shape. For this reason, in order to reliably measure the k-space low-frequency data, it is necessary to acquire data excessively by regarding the region far away from the origin of the k-space as the low-frequency region of the k-space.
- the present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, in an imaging method that utilizes k-space low-frequency data containing a lot of useful information, measure the necessary minimum area without excess and deficiency, without extending the measurement time,
- the purpose is to obtain high quality images.
- the present invention performs pre-measurement prior to main measurement, measures the rough shape of k-space low-frequency data for each reception channel, grasps it as k-space characteristics, and in this measurement, the range to be measured as k-space low-frequency Identify.
- k-space low-frequency data including useful information that can be used for processing is collected without excess or deficiency.
- the minimum necessary area can be measured without excess and deficiency, and high-quality images can be obtained without extending measurement time.
- (a)-(c) is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the k space low region measurement width
- (a)-(d) is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the specific example of the imaging
- (a)-(d) is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the specific example of the imaging
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment obtains a tomographic image of a subject using an NMR phenomenon, and as shown in FIG. 1, a static magnetic field generation system 120, a gradient magnetic field generation system 130, a transmission system 150, , Receiving system 160, control system 170, and sequencer 140.
- the static magnetic field generation system 120 generates a uniform static magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the body axis in the space around the subject 101 if the vertical magnetic field method is used, and in the body axis direction if the horizontal magnetic field method is used.
- the apparatus includes a permanent magnet type, normal conducting type or superconducting type static magnetic field generating source disposed around the subject 101.
- the gradient magnetic field generation system 130 includes a gradient magnetic field coil 131 wound in the three-axis directions of X, Y, and Z, which is a coordinate system (device coordinate system) of the MRI apparatus 100, and a gradient magnetic field power source that drives each gradient magnetic field coil 132, and in accordance with a command from the sequencer 140, the gradient magnetic field power supply 132 of each gradient coil 131 is driven to apply gradient magnetic fields Gx, Gy, and Gz in the three axis directions of X, Y, and Z. .
- the transmission system 150 irradiates the subject 101 with a high-frequency magnetic field pulse (hereinafter referred to as “RF pulse”) in order to cause nuclear magnetic resonance to occur in the nuclear spins of the atoms constituting the biological tissue of the subject 101.
- the transmission processing unit 152 includes a high-frequency oscillator (synthesizer), a modulator, and a high-frequency amplifier, and a high-frequency coil (transmission coil) 151 on the transmission side.
- the high frequency oscillator generates an RF pulse and outputs it at a timing according to a command from the sequencer 140.
- the modulator amplitude-modulates the output RF pulse, and the high-frequency amplifier amplifies the amplitude-modulated RF pulse and supplies the amplified RF pulse to the transmission coil 151 disposed in the vicinity of the subject 101.
- the transmission coil 151 irradiates the subject 101 with the supplied RF pulse.
- the receiving system 160 detects a nuclear magnetic resonance signal (echo signal, NMR signal) emitted by nuclear magnetic resonance of the nuclear spin constituting the living tissue of the subject 101, and receives a high-frequency coil (receiving coil) on the receiving side. 161, and a reception processing unit 162 including a synthesizer, an amplifier, a quadrature detector, and an A / D converter (A / D converter).
- a nuclear magnetic resonance signal echo signal, NMR signal
- a high-frequency coil receiving coil
- a reception processing unit 162 including a synthesizer, an amplifier, a quadrature detector, and an A / D converter (A / D converter).
- the reception coil 161 is a multi-channel coil having a plurality of reception channels, is arranged in the vicinity of the subject 101, and receives an NMR signal (reception signal) of the response of the subject 101 induced by the electromagnetic wave irradiated from the transmission coil 151. ) Is detected in each channel.
- the reception signal of each channel is amplified in the reception processing unit 162, detected at a timing according to a command from the sequencer 140, converted into a digital quantity, and sent to the control system 170 for each channel as k-space data. .
- the sequencer 140 repeatedly applies an RF pulse and a gradient magnetic field pulse according to a predetermined pulse sequence.
- the pulse sequence describes the high-frequency magnetic field, the gradient magnetic field, the timing and intensity of signal reception, and is stored in the control system 170 in advance.
- the sequencer 140 operates in accordance with instructions from the control system 170 and transmits various commands necessary for collecting tomographic image data of the subject 101 to the transmission system 150, the gradient magnetic field generation system 130, and the reception system 160.
- the control system 170 controls the overall operation of the MRI apparatus 100, performs various operations such as signal processing and image reconstruction, and displays and stores processing results.
- the storage device 172 includes an internal storage device such as a hard disk and an external storage device such as an external hard disk, an optical disk, and a magnetic disk.
- the display device 173 is a display device such as a CRT or a liquid crystal.
- the input device 174 is an interface for inputting various control information of the MRI apparatus 100 and control information of processing performed by the control system 170, and includes, for example, a trackball or a mouse and a keyboard.
- the input device 174 is disposed in the vicinity of the display device 173. The operator interactively inputs instructions and data necessary for various processes of the MRI apparatus 100 through the input device 174 while looking at the display device 173.
- the CPU 171 implements each process and function of the control system 170 such as control of the operation of the MRI apparatus 100 and various data processing by executing a program stored in advance in the storage device 172 in accordance with an instruction input by the operator To do. For example, when data from the receiving system 160 is input to the control system 170, the CPU 171 executes processing such as signal processing and image reconstruction, and displays the tomographic image of the subject 101 as a result on the display device 173. At the same time, it is stored in the storage device 172.
- control system 170 may be realized by hardware such as ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (field-programmable gate array), or the like.
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA field-programmable gate array
- various data used for processing of each function and various data generated during the processing are stored in the storage device 172.
- the transmission coil 151 and the gradient magnetic field coil 131 are opposed to the subject 101 in the vertical magnetic field method, and in the horizontal magnetic field method. It is installed so as to surround the subject 101. Further, the receiving coil 161 is installed so as to face or surround the subject 101.
- the nuclide to be imaged by the MRI apparatus which is widely used clinically, is a hydrogen nucleus (proton) which is a main constituent material of the subject 101.
- the MRI apparatus 100 by imaging information on the spatial distribution of proton density and the spatial distribution of relaxation time in the excited state, the form or function of the human head, abdomen, limbs, etc. can be expressed two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally. Take an image.
- control system 170 of the present invention uses k-space low-frequency k-space data that is a predetermined low-frequency range of the k-space using the same imaging sequence as the main measurement executed for image acquisition.
- Low-frequency region that obtains k-space characteristic information that identifies the k-space low-frequency data measurement range that can measure k-space low-frequency data using the pre-measurement unit 210 that measures the k-space and the k-space data collected by the previous measurement unit 210
- Measurement range determination unit 220 sequence adjustment unit 230 that adjusts the imaging sequence to measure k-space low-frequency data in the k-space low-frequency data measurement range, and main measurement using the imaging sequence adjusted by the sequence adjustment unit
- a main measurement unit 240 to be executed.
- a predetermined region near the origin of the k space is referred to as a k space low region.
- data having a higher signal value than other regions and including a lot of information is referred to as k-space low-frequency data.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 uses the same sequence as that used in the main measurement, and measures a predetermined search range at a predetermined pitch (interval).
- the search range is set by the user. Alternatively, it is determined in advance. At this time, the search range is set so as to surely include the k-space low band including useful information.
- the phase encoding (including slice encoding in the case of three-dimensional measurement) is set to ⁇ 16 encoding.
- the search range may be changed in accordance with main measurement parameters (for example, pulse sequence type, phase encoding / slice encoding direction, parallel imaging double speed number, compressed-Sensing compression rate, etc.).
- the search pitch may be the same as the main measurement, but may be set to be twice or more the main measurement pitch in order to shorten the search time.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 measures the echo signal at each point within the set search range.
- the reception processing unit 162 performs reception processing on the obtained echo signal, obtains k-space data, converts it to an absolute value, and stores it in a memory (k-space). Saving is performed in a k-space memory prepared for each channel.
- k-space search data the distribution of k-space data for each channel obtained by measurement by the previous measurement unit 210 is referred to as k-space search data.
- the low-frequency measurement range determining unit 220 uses the k-space search data to determine a substantial k-space range in which k-space low frequency data can be measured.
- a substantial k-space range in which the k-space low-frequency data can be measured is referred to as a k-space low-frequency data measurement range.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 uses the k-space data, and uses the k-space data near the k-space low-frequency signal strength distribution (the shape of the k-space low-frequency data) as k-space characteristic information. calculate.
- the k-space low-frequency data measurement range is determined by the calculated k-space characteristic.
- the k-space characteristic information includes a k-space reference position that is a position where the signal strength of k-space data is maximized, and a k-space low-frequency measurement width that is determined according to the signal strength of the k-space data.
- the k-space reference position is determined, and then the k-space low-frequency measurement width is determined.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the k-space reference position.
- the k-space reference position is a substantial k-space origin that takes into account the peak shift due to geometry such as FOV and cross section, the peak shift due to the imaging sequence, and the peak shift due to the phase distribution of each receiving channel. It is defined as The k-space reference position is specified by the phase encoding amount.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 sets the position where the signal strength of the combined data obtained by combining the k-space data received by each channel of the receiving coil 161 is the maximum as the k-space reference position.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 combines the k-space search data received in each channel, measures the shape of the combined result, and sets the position (peak position) where the signal intensity is maximum as the k-space reference position. That is, the phase encoding amount ky indicating the peak is determined as the k-space reference position.
- the calculated k-space shape of each channel may be combined to determine the k-space reference position.
- FIG. 3 (a) shows the shapes 301 and 302 of the k-space search data for each channel (channel 1 and channel 2) displayed in the phase encoding direction.
- the frequency encoding direction (kx direction) is not an object of processing, data obtained by projecting the maximum value of k-space search data in the kx direction is shown.
- FIG. 3B shows a shape 303 of the added k-space search data obtained by adding (combining) the shape 301 of the k-space search data of channel 1 and the shape 302 of the k-space search data of channel 2.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 sets the phase encoding amount that maximizes the shape 303 of the added k-space search data as the k-space reference position 310.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 identifies the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- the k-space low-frequency measurement width is essentially a k-space change due to geometry such as FOV and cross section, k-space change due to the imaging sequence, and k-space change due to the phase distribution of each receiving channel. In general, it is defined as a k-space signal range that can be called a k-space low band.
- the k-space low-frequency measurement width is specified by the number of phase encoding steps.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 includes a k-space reference range 310 and a range in which the synthesized data obtained by synthesizing the k-space data received by each channel of the receiving coil 161 satisfies a predetermined condition.
- the measurement range is low.
- the width (number of phase encoding steps) of the synthesized data having a signal value equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold is specified as the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show the k-space low-frequency measurement width when the signal condition (signal intensity) is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold as a predetermined condition.
- Fig. 4 (a) shows the k-space low-frequency measurement width 410 when the threshold is defined as A% of the maximum value (A is a real number greater than 0 and less than 100), and
- Fig. 4 (b) The k-space low-frequency measurement width 420 is defined as B times the noise level (B is a real number larger than 1).
- the condition is not determined by a threshold value, but may be determined by the number of data points, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (c). That is, the predetermined condition may be a predetermined number (XX) of data having a large signal value. Specifically, the data is counted in descending order of the signal value of the shape 303 of the added k-space search data, and the area until reaching a predetermined number of points (XX points) is defined as a k-space low-frequency measurement width 430. Alternatively, a predetermined number of points (the number of phase encoding steps) around the phase encoding position that takes the maximum value may be set as the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 outputs the value of the phase encoding amount (ky) as the k-space reference position and the number of phase encoding steps as the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- the k-space low-frequency data measurement range is a range of the k-space low-frequency measurement width centered on the k-space reference position.
- a hole may be formed in the measurement region or an isolated point may be generated. Therefore, holes or isolated points may be removed by applying general expansion / contraction processing or the like to a predetermined region.
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence so as to measure the k-space low-frequency data measurement range determined by the k-space characteristic information determined by the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220. That is, when acquiring k-space low-frequency data, the imaging sequence is adjusted so as to acquire k-space low-frequency measurement width data with the k-space reference position as the center of the k-space low frequency.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (d) explain the adjustment of the phase encoding amount Gp in the case of parallel imaging in which the k-space low band is densely acquired in the phase encoding (Gp) direction.
- Each figure represents the phase encoding gradient magnetic field strength Gp.
- k-space low frequency is acquired densely.
- N is an integer of 1 or more
- the k-space low-bandwidth phase encoding step number is N
- the initial state 501 of the phase encoding gradient magnetic field Gp of the imaging sequence is set.
- Phase encoding when the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the k-space reference position as 0 (ky 0) and the k-space low-frequency measurement width as N ′ (an integer of 1 or more that satisfies N ⁇ N ′)
- the gradient magnetic field 503 is shown in FIG.
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence so that the phase encoding gradient magnetic field Gp of the imaging sequence becomes the phase encoding gradient magnetic field 503.
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence so that the phase encoding gradient magnetic field Gp of the imaging sequence becomes the phase encoding gradient magnetic field 504.
- sampling density in the case of measurement (for example, Compressed Sensing etc.) in which the sampling density is seamlessly variable from low to high in the k space
- Each figure shows the sampling density sampled according to the imaging sequence in the ky-kz space.
- FIG. 6 (a) shows the sampling density 511 according to the shooting sequence in the initial state.
- the width of the k-space low band is N.
- the sampling density 511 is determined by a predetermined function centered on the k-space origin, for example, a function combining a normal distribution with two dimensions (ky, kz) as shown in the following equation (1).
- ⁇ ky and ⁇ kz are center coordinates in the ky direction / kz direction
- ⁇ ky 2 and ⁇ kz 2 are dispersion in the ky direction / kz direction, respectively
- M 0 is an adjustment coefficient.
- the sampling density 512 is obtained when the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the shooting sequence accordingly.
- FIG. 6 (c) shows that the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 sets the k-space reference position to 0, the k-space low-frequency measurement width to N1 in the ky direction, and N2 in the kz direction (N1 and N2 are N1 ⁇ N, respectively. , N2 ⁇ N, an integer equal to or greater than 1), and the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence according to the sampling density 513.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the k-space reference position as D, the k-space low-frequency measurement width as N1 in the ky direction, and N2 in the kz direction.
- the sampling density is 514 when the imaging sequence is adjusted according to the above.
- the k-space reference position and the k-space low-frequency measurement width are specified, for example, when the k-space low-frequency measurement width in the ky direction and the kz direction are different like the sampling density 513, It is also possible to measure by changing the function. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a function in which both the k-space reference position and the k-space low-frequency measurement width are changed, such as the sampling density 514.
- the main measurement unit 240 performs measurement using the imaging sequence adjusted by the sequence adjustment unit 230 to obtain an image.
- FIG. 7 is a processing flow of this processing. This process is performed immediately before the main measurement and immediately after each scan start instruction.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 sets a search range for pre-measurement for determining k-space characteristic information (step S1101) and executes pre-measurement (steps S1102 to S1104).
- a search range for pre-measurement for determining k-space characteristic information step S1101
- executes pre-measurement step S1102 to S1104.
- an echo signal is measured for a predetermined search range, and a k-space signal value (k-space data) for determining the range is stored.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 uses the measured k-space search data to determine the k-space reference position in the k-space characteristic information (step S1105). Thereafter, the low-frequency measurement range determining unit 220 determines the k-space low-frequency measurement width in the k-space characteristic information (step S1106).
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence based on the k-space reference position and the k-space low-frequency measurement width (step S1107).
- the MRI apparatus of this embodiment uses the same imaging sequence as the main measurement executed for image acquisition, and the pre-measurement unit 210 measures k-space data in a predetermined range of the k-space low band. And, using the k-space data collected by the previous measurement unit 210, a low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 that obtains k-space characteristic information specifying a k-space low-frequency data measurement range capable of measuring k-space low frequency data, A sequence adjustment unit 230 that adjusts the imaging sequence so as to measure k-space data within the k-space low-frequency data measurement range as the k-space low-frequency data, and an imaging sequence that has been adjusted by the sequence adjustment unit 230 And a main measurement unit 240 that executes the main measurement.
- the k-space characteristic information includes a k-space reference position that is a position at which the signal strength of the k-space data is maximized, and the sequence adjustment unit 230 performs the above operation from a range centered on the k-space reference position.
- the imaging sequence is adjusted to measure k-space low-frequency data.
- the k-space characteristic information includes a k-space low-frequency measurement width determined according to the signal strength of the k-space data, and the sequence adjustment unit 230 determines the k-space low frequency from the range of the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- the imaging sequence is adjusted to measure area data.
- the k-space low-frequency data including a large amount of information is measured by using the result of the pre-measurement in the vicinity of the predetermined k-space origin, which is higher than the other regions. Determine possible real k-space low-frequency data measurement range. Then, the main measurement is executed in a sequence reflecting it.
- the actual k-space data shape can be grasped, so the k-space low-frequency data is excessive or insufficient ( It can be collected efficiently without excessive collection or insufficient collection.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the k-space reference position and the k-space low-frequency measurement width as the k-space characteristic information, but it is not always necessary to determine both. You may comprise so that only either one may be determined.
- the k-space reference position is determined based on the shape of the synthesis result of the k-space search data received in each channel.
- the position where the signal intensity is maximized may be specified, and the barycentric position of each specified result may be used as the k-space reference position.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 measures the shapes 301 and 302 of the k-space search data of each channel (channel 1 and channel 2), respectively. Then, the peak position 311 of channel 1 and the peak position 312 of channel 2 are determined. Finally, the barycentric position (average value of the phase encoding amount) of both peak positions 311 and 312 is determined as the k-space reference position 313.
- the peak positions 311 and 312 of each channel may be averaged by weighting with the peak intensity, and the position may be used as the k-space reference position. Further, the maximum and minimum midpoints of the peak positions 311 and 312 of each channel may be obtained and the positions may be used as the k-space reference position.
- the k-space data including the k-space reference position 313 and the k-space data received by each channel of the receiving coil 161 are respectively identified as areas that satisfy a predetermined condition.
- the results are synthesized and set as the k-space low-frequency measurement width.
- the predetermined condition is, for example, that the signal value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, a predetermined number from the larger signal value, and the like.
- the synthesis may be any of AND synthesis, OR synthesis, and centroid synthesis. However, in this case, it is desirable that the k-space low-frequency measurement width is determined so as to cover the specified region for each reception channel.
- FIG. 9A shows the shapes 301 and 302 of the k-space search data of each channel (channel 1 and channel 2) in the phase encoding direction (ky direction).
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 calculates ranges (k-space low-frequency measurement widths) 441 and 442 that are equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold for the shapes 301 and 302 of the k-space search data of each channel, respectively.
- the calculation method is the same as the method for calculating the k-space low-frequency measurement width of the shape 303 of the added k-space search data in the above embodiment.
- the calculated k-space low-frequency measurement widths 441 and 442 for each channel are synthesized by OR synthesis (440a), AND synthesis (440b), centroid synthesis (440c), and the like to obtain a k-space signal range in the measurement.
- the k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low-frequency measurement width) for each reception channel calculated by the method of this modification may be used as it is.
- this is a case where processing is performed using k-space low-frequency data independently for each reception channel (half estimation, compressed sensing, etc.).
- k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low-frequency measurement width) is determined using k-space search data that is projected in the kx direction at the maximum value.
- the k-space characteristic information may be determined on the kx-ky two-dimensional plane without projecting in the kx direction. The determination method is the same as described above.
- k-space characteristic information can be determined for each slice and each echo.
- the k-space search data can be added in the multi-slice direction or the multi-echo direction and handled as one data.
- the number of echoes to be acquired may change, and the measurement time may change (shorten / extend) from the expected time.
- the measurement time is allowed to be extended, or the measurement is continued, or the measurement parameters (for example, resolution (number of measurement matrices), TR, etc.) are changed to measure the measurement time. Or can be selected by the user.
- an imaging sequence generated according to the initially set imaging conditions is referred to as an initial sequence
- an imaging sequence after adjustment by the sequence adjustment unit 230 is referred to as an adjustment sequence.
- the MRI apparatus of this embodiment basically has the same configuration as the MRI apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- the control system 170 of the present embodiment includes a receiving unit 250 and a change amount calculating unit 260 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
- the present embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.
- the change amount calculation unit 260 makes the measurement time of the shooting sequence (adjustment sequence) after adjustment equal to the measurement time of the shooting sequence (initial sequence) before adjustment.
- the amount of change to be changed is calculated.
- making the measurement time of the adjustment sequence equal to the measurement time of the initial sequence is referred to as maintaining the measurement time.
- the measurement time of the adjustment sequence is calculated based on the k-space characteristic information determined by the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220. Then, the change amount is calculated as the amount by which the measurement time is changed by the difference between the measurement time of the initial sequence and the measurement time of the adjustment sequence for the designated measurement parameter. For example, in the case of TR, the difference is directly calculated as a change amount.
- the accepting unit 250 accepts a selection of a measurement time based on the adjusted shooting sequence (adjustment sequence) and a predetermined measurement parameter other than the measurement time to be fixed.
- the reception unit 250 displays an instruction reception screen on the display device and receives an instruction from the user.
- the reception unit 250 presents the change amount calculated by the change amount calculation unit and the measurement time of the imaging sequence (adjustment sequence) after adjustment by the sequence adjustment unit, and receives the selection.
- FIG. An example of the instruction acceptance screen 600 is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, the instruction reception screen 600 displays changes in the measurement time after adjustment, and also displays changes in other predetermined measurement parameters when the measurement time is not changed.
- the instruction reception screen 600 displays changes in the measurement time after adjustment, and also displays changes in other predetermined measurement parameters when the measurement time is not changed.
- a case where resolution is used as another measurement parameter will be described as an example.
- the instruction reception screen 600 is a screen for receiving selection of whether to change the measurement time or the spatial resolution. As shown in this figure, a first display column 610 that displays the measurement time when the adjustment sequence is executed, and a second display column 620 that indicates the resolution when the measurement time is maintained in the adjustment sequence. Prepare.
- the first display column 610 displays the measurement time (scan time) 611 of the initial sequence and the measurement time (scan time) 612 of the adjustment sequence, and the user can Showing change.
- the resolution (resolution) 613 of the initial sequence and the resolution (resolution) 614 of the adjustment sequence are displayed together.
- the resolution indicates an example in which a value obtained by normalizing the resolution of the initial sequence to 1 is displayed.
- the second display field 620 displays the measurement time (scan time) 621 of the initial sequence and the measurement time (scan time) 622 of the adjustment sequence. Since the second display column 620 is a display for maintaining the measurement time of the adjustment sequence, the same time is displayed.
- the resolution (resolution) 623 of the initial sequence and the resolution (resolution) 624 of the adjustment sequence are shown.
- the resolution 624 of the adjustment sequence displays the calculation result of the change amount calculation unit 260.
- the accepting unit 250 accepts a selection from the user via the first display field 610 or the second display field 620.
- sequence adjustment unit 230 of the present embodiment reflects the received result in the adjustment sequence, and finally adjusts the sequence to be used for shooting. That is, when the measurement time is selected, the measurement parameter of the imaging sequence (adjustment sequence) is further adjusted by the change amount calculated by the change amount calculation unit.
- the processing of the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220, the previous measurement unit 210, and the main measurement unit of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 is the same as that in the first embodiment until the adjustment sequence is generated.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the pre-measurement unit 210, the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220, the sequence adjustment unit 230, and the main measurement unit 240, as in the first embodiment. . Then, the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a receiving unit 250 that accepts selection of a measurement time based on the adjusted imaging sequence and a predetermined measurement parameter other than the measurement time, and the measurement parameter. A change amount calculation unit 260 that calculates a change amount for changing the measurement time of the imaging sequence after adjustment to be equal to the measurement time of the imaging sequence before adjustment, and the measurement time is selected. In this case, the sequence adjustment unit 230 further adjusts the measurement parameter of the imaging sequence by the amount of change.
- the receiving unit 250 may present the change amount and the measurement time based on the shooting sequence adjusted by the sequence adjusting unit 230 to the user and receive the selection.
- the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained. Furthermore, since the user can select whether to allow the measurement time to be extended in the adjustment sequence or to adjust the other parameters to maintain the measurement time, the desired measurement can be realized within the desired measurement time.
- the instruction reception screen 600 displays the measurement time according to the adjustment sequence and the amount of change in the measurement parameter when the measurement time is maintained, and receives selection from the user.
- the information displayed on the instruction reception screen 600 is not limited to this.
- variable measurement parameters including the measurement time may be changed without displaying information such as the measurement time of the initial sequence and the adjustment sequence on the instruction reception screen 600.
- the instruction receiving screen 600 may be provided with an area for receiving an instruction of priority of adjustment for each variable measurement parameter. In this case, when the measurement time is extended, the measurement time or other measurement parameters are changed in consideration of the priority.
- FIGS. 11 (b) and 11 (c) An example of the instruction reception screen 601 for receiving a priority instruction is shown in FIGS. 11 (b) and 11 (c).
- the case where the measurement parameter other than the measurement time is the resolution will be described as an example.
- the instruction reception screen 601 includes an instruction column 630 that receives an instruction to preferentially adjust the measurement time and resolution.
- Fig. 11 (b) shows an example when an instruction to fix the measurement time (fixed) and automatically change the resolution to match that (Auto) is accepted. That is, the adjustment is an example in which an instruction to prioritize resolution is received.
- FIG. 11 (c) shows an example in which an instruction to automatically change the measurement time (Auto) and maintain the resolution (fixed) is received. That is, the adjustment is an example in which an instruction to preferentially perform the measurement time is received.
- the priority is set for the measurement time and the spatial resolution.
- the priority may be set for other parameters (for example, TR).
- the parameter may be changed by displaying options on the above-described instruction reception screen 601 and allowing the user to make a selection.
- it may be configured to display a change in a predetermined range and receive an instruction instead of displaying and selecting whether to maintain or change.
- the accepting unit 250 accepts selection of whether the measurement time based on the adjusted shooting sequence (adjustment sequence) or a predetermined measurement parameter other than the measurement time is changed only within a predetermined range. Further, the change amount calculation unit 260 changes the measurement parameter so that the difference between the measurement time of the shooting sequence after adjustment (adjustment sequence) and the measurement time of the shooting sequence before adjustment (initial sequence) falls within the above range. Calculate the amount of change to be made.
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 also adjusts the measurement parameter according to the calculation result by the change amount calculation unit 260 in the imaging sequence (adjustment sequence).
- the range may be presented together with “Fixed”. Further, the range may be configured to be settable by the user.
- the previous measurement unit 210 measures all measurement points in a predetermined search range.
- the number of measurement points in the previous measurement is suppressed and the processing is speeded up.
- the MRI apparatus of the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as the MRI apparatus 100 of the first embodiment. However, the processing of the pre-measurement unit 210 and the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 are different in order to suppress the number of previous measurements and estimate the shortage as described above. Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low-frequency measurement width), and The k-space low-frequency data measurement range is estimated using, and the previous measurement is terminated when it converges. If the entire k-space search range is not converged, the previous measurement is terminated when the measurement of the entire k-space search range is completed.
- each piece of information to be estimated is referred to as estimated k-space characteristic information, estimated k-space reference position, estimated k-space low-frequency measurement width, and estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range, respectively.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 measures k-space data in a predetermined order and arranges it in the k-space every time it is measured.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates unmeasured k-space data, and uses the estimation result to estimate the k-space characteristic information and the estimated k-space low frequency
- the latest estimated k-space characteristic information at that time is replaced with the k-space characteristic information.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates an unmeasured signal (search data), estimates estimated k-space characteristic information, and estimates each time the previous measurement unit 210 arranges k-space data in k-space.
- the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range is estimated from the estimated k-space characteristic information (estimated k-space reference position and estimated k-space low frequency measurement width).
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines whether the estimation result is appropriate. The suitability is determined by calculating a difference from the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range estimated once before, and whether the difference is within a predetermined threshold. If it is within the threshold value, it is determined that it has converged, the measurement is ended by the previous measurement unit 210, and the latest estimated k-space characteristic information at that time is output as the determination result.
- the measurement is also terminated when the previous measurement unit 210 has finished measuring the entire search range before convergence.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 outputs k-space characteristic information determined using all the k-space data obtained at that time as a determination result.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 acquires the k-space data by changing the phase encoding amount from 0 so that the absolute value increases monotonously will be described as an example. That is, the pre-measurement unit 210 changes the phase encoding amount to 0, plus 1, minus 1, plus 2, minus 2 in order of large absolute values, and acquires k-space data.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates other measurement points (estimation data) using the estimated measurement points (measurement data) as shown in the figure.
- the estimation is performed by extrapolation from already measured points (estimated data).
- FIG. 12 (a) primary extrapolation from the outer two points among the measured points is used, but the number of points and the order to be used are not limited.
- the estimation result is held in a memory.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 uses the measurement data and the estimation data, and the estimated k-space characteristic information (the estimated k-space reference position and the estimated k-space low frequency measurement width) by each method of the first embodiment. ).
- FIG. 13 is a processing flow of this processing. Also in the present embodiment, this processing is performed before the main measurement and after the start of each scan.
- the pre-measurement unit 210 sets a search range for pre-measurement for determining k-space characteristic information (step S3101), and starts pre-measurement within the search range (step S3102).
- the pre-measurement unit 210 measures the echo signal (step S3103) and saves the k-space data every time the k-space data is acquired (step S3104).
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates unmeasured data (step S3105), and uses the measurement data and the unmeasured data to obtain k-space characteristic information (estimated k (Spatial characteristic information) is estimated (step S3106), and based on this, a k-space low-frequency data measurement range (estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range) is estimated (step S3107).
- the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range is stored in a memory.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 takes a difference from the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range obtained by the previous measurement, and determines suitability (step S3108).
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the estimated k-space low frequency obtained in the previous measurement stored in the memory.
- the data measurement range is updated to the latest estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range, the process returns to step S3103, and the process is repeated.
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 outputs the latest estimated k-space characteristic information at that time as the determination result (step S3109). ).
- the sequence adjustment unit 230 adjusts the imaging sequence based on the k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low-frequency measurement width) determined by the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 (step S3110).
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the pre-measurement unit 210, the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220, the sequence adjustment unit 230, and the main measurement unit 240, as in the first embodiment. .
- the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 estimates unmeasured k-space data each time the previous measurement unit 210 acquires the k-space data, and uses the estimation result to estimate the k-space characteristic information and Estimate the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range, and if the difference from the estimated k-space low-frequency data measurement range estimated one time before falls within the predetermined range, the latest estimated k-space characteristic information at that time , The k-space characteristic information.
- the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since the number of measurement points when obtaining k-space characteristic information can be reduced, the overall measurement time is shortened accordingly. Therefore, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained at higher speed.
- the order of measurement of the k space by the pre-measurement unit 210 is not limited to the above.
- the measurement order as shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to the above.
- the measurement order as shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to the above.
- This measurement order first measures each point in the measurement order 1, 2, and 3. These are two points at substantially both ends of the search range and one point at the center. Next, calculate the signal average value of measurement order 1 and 2, and the signal average value of 2 and 3, respectively, and set the middle point with the larger average value (here, the midpoint of measurement order 2 and 3) as measurement order 4. measure. Similarly, the measurement order 5 is measured from the signal average value of the measurement orders 2 and 4, and the signal average value of 4 and 3. Repeat this.
- the estimated k-space reference position can be estimated with a small number of measurements, and the estimated k-space characteristic information can be estimated.
- the number of repetitions in this case may be determined according to the convergence of the k-space reference position, or may be obtained from the search range.
- each modification of the first embodiment can be applied to this embodiment.
- the k-space search data obtained by the previous measurement is not only used for determining k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low frequency measurement width), but also for setting an optimum reception gain. Use.
- the MRI apparatus of the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as the MRI apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- the control system 170 of the present embodiment further includes a reception gain setting unit 270 that determines a reception gain according to the position of the k space from the k space data obtained by the previous measurement.
- the present embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.
- the reception gain setting unit 270 reduces the k-space low frequency according to the k-space low-frequency data shape calculated when the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220 determines the k-space characteristic information (k-space reference position and k-space low frequency measurement width). Calculate the maximum receive gain applicable to each position in the area.
- the amplification factor of the amplifier in the reception processing unit 162 of the echo signal from the position is determined according to the maximum value of the signal intensity corresponding to the position of the k-space low band.
- the amplification factor is determined in the reception processing unit 162 so that the dynamic range of the A / D converter arranged at the subsequent stage of the amplifier can be utilized to the maximum extent. Then, the determination result is instructed to the reception processing unit 162.
- the reception processing unit 162 amplifies each echo signal received by the reception coil 161 according to the instruction during main measurement. Also, after amplification, the difference in signal amplification due to the difference in reception gain is normalized and output. Thereby, the control system 170 can perform reconstruction processing in the same way as normal image data.
- FIG. 15 is a processing flow of this processing. This process is performed immediately before the main measurement and immediately after each scan start instruction.
- step S4101 to step S4107 Since the processing from step S4101 to step S4107 is the same as the processing from step S1101 to S1107 of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the reception gain setting unit 270 determines the reception gain according to the position of the k space from the shape of the k space low-frequency data obtained to calculate the k space characteristic information, and performs reception processing.
- the reception gain is changed by notifying unit 162 (step S4108), and the process is terminated.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the pre-measurement unit 210, the low-frequency measurement range determination unit 220, the sequence adjustment unit 230, and the main measurement unit 240, as in the first embodiment. . Then, the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment amplifies the echo signal collected by the receiving coil, and uses the reception processing unit 162 as the k-space data, and the k-space data obtained in the previous measurement, the k-space position And a reception gain setting unit 270 that determines a reception gain according to.
- the reception gain is given one value for each measurement.
- the maximum reception gain can be calculated according to the k-space position according to the k-space characteristic obtained from the k-space search data. In accordance with this, the amplifier and the A / D converter in the reception processing unit 162 are adjusted.
- the k-space low-frequency data shape may be the one estimated by the method of the third embodiment.
- the above-described embodiments can also be applied to the case of the three-dimensional measurement.
- the phase encoding amount and the number of steps, the slice encoding amount and the number of steps, which are set to the k-space low band, are determined, and the imaging sequence is adjusted.
- 100 MRI apparatus 101 subject, 120 static magnetic field generation system, 130 gradient magnetic field generation system, 131 gradient magnetic field coil, 132 gradient magnetic field power supply, 150 transmission system, 151 high frequency coil (transmission coil), 152 transmission processing unit, 160 reception system , 161 High-frequency coil (receiver coil), 162 Receive processor, 170 Control system, 171 CPU, 172 Storage device, 173 Display device, 174 Input device, 210 Pre-measurement unit, 220 Low-frequency measurement range determination unit, 230 Sequence adjustment unit , 240 main measurement unit, 250 reception unit, 260 variation calculation unit, 270 reception gain setting unit, 301 channel 1 k-space search data shape, 302 channel 2 k-space search data shape, 303 addition k-space search data Shape, 310 k-space reference position, 311 channel 1 peak position, 312 channel 2 peak position, 313 k-space reference position, 410, 420, 430 k-space low-frequency measurement width, 440a OR-combined k-space low frequency Measurement
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明を適用する第一の実施形態を、図面を用いて説明する。なお、各実施形態を説明するための全図において、同一名称および同一符号を付したものの中で同一の機能を有するものは、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。
まず、本実施形態のMRI装置の一例の全体概要を説明する。図1は、本実施形態のMRI装置100の全体構成を示すブロック図である。本実施形態のMRI装置100は、NMR現象を利用して被検体の断層画像を得るもので、図1に示すように、静磁場発生系120と、傾斜磁場発生系130と、送信系150と、受信系160と、制御系170と、シ-ケンサ140と、とを備える。
本発明の制御系170は、図2に示すように、画像取得のために実行する主計測と同じ撮影シーケンスを用いてk空間の予め定めた低域範囲であるk空間低域のk空間データを計測する前計測部210と、前計測部210が収集したk空間データを用いて、k空間低域データを計測可能なk空間低域データ計測範囲を特定するk空間特性情報を得る低域計測範囲決定部220と、k空間低域データ計測範囲においてk空間低域データを計測するよう撮影シーケンスを調整するシーケンス調整部230と、シーケンス調整部による調整後の撮影シーケンスを用いて主計測を実行する主計測部240と、を備える。
前計測部210は、主計測で用いるシーケンスと同じシーケンスを用い、予め定められたサーチ範囲の計測を、予め定められたピッチ(間隔)で行う。
低域計測範囲決定部220は、k空間サーチデータを用い、k空間低域データを計測可能な実質的なk空間範囲を決定する。以後、このk空間低域データを計測可能な実質的なk空間範囲を、k空間低域データ計測範囲と呼ぶ。本実施形態では、低域計測範囲決定部220は、前記k空間データを用いて、k空間低域付近のk空間データの信号強度分布(k空間低域データの形状)をk空間特性情報として算出する。k空間低域データ計測範囲は、算出したk空間特性により定まる。
k空間低域計測幅は、位相エンコードステップ数で特定する。
シーケンス調整部230は、低域計測範囲決定部220が決定したk空間特性情報で定まるk空間低域データ計測範囲を計測するよう、撮影シーケンスを調整する。すなわち、k空間低域データを取得する際、k空間基準位置をk空間低域の中心とし、k空間低域計測幅のデータを取得するよう、撮影シーケンスを調整する。
主計測部240は、シーケンス調整部230が調整後の撮影シーケンスを用い、計測を実行し、画像を得る。
本実施形態のk空間特性情報決定および撮影シーケンス調整処理の流れを説明する。図7は、本処理の処理フローである。本処理は、主計測よりも前、各スキャンのスタート指示直後に実施する。
なお、上記実施形態では、低域計測範囲決定部220は、k空間特性情報として、k空間基準位置とk空間低域計測幅とを決定しているが、必ずしも両方を決定する必要はない。いずれか一方のみ決定するよう構成してもよい。
ky_s=min(ky_s(1),ky_s(2),・・・)・・・(2-1)
ky_e=max(ky_e(1),ky_e(2),・・・)・・・(2-2)
AND合成
ky_s=max(ky_s(1),ky_s(2),・・・)・・・(3-1)
ky_e=min(ky_e(1),ky_e(2),・・・)・・・(3-2)
重心合成
ky_s=mean(ky_s(1),ky_s(2),・・・)・・・(4-1)
ky_e=mean(ky_e(1),ky_e(2),・・・)・・・(4-2)
なお、処理の形態によっては、この変形例の手法で算出した、受信チャンネルごとのk空間特性情報(k空間基準位置およびk空間低域計測幅)を、そのまま用いても良い。例えば、受信チャンネルごとに独立にk空間低域データを用いて処理をする場合(ハーフ推定やCompressed Sensingなど)である。
しかしながら、kx方向に投影せずにkx-kyの2次元平面上でk空間特性情報を決定してもよい。決定手法は、上記と同様とする。
本発明の第二の実施形態を説明する。本実施形態では、調整結果に対するユーザからの指示を受け付ける。
なお、上記実施形態では、指示受付画面600において、調整シーケンスによる計測時間と計測時間を維持する場合の計測パラメータの変化量とを表示し、ユーザからの選択を受け付ける。しかしながら、指示受付画面600に表示する情報は、これに限定されない。
次に、本実施形態の第三の実施形態を説明する。第一の実施形態では、前計測時に、前計測部210は、予め定めたサーチ範囲の全ての計測点を計測する。一方、本実施形態では、前計測における計測点数を抑え、処理を高速化する。
なお、前計測部210によるk空間の計測順は、上述のものに限定されない。例えば、図12(b)に示すような計測順であってもよい。
本発明の第四の実施形態を説明する。本実施形態では、前計測により得たk空間サーチデータを、k空間特性情報(k空間基準位置とk空間低域計測幅)の決定に用いるだけでなく、さらに、最適な受信ゲインの設定に用いる。
Claims (13)
- 画像取得のために実行する主計測と同じ撮影シーケンスを用いてk空間の予め定めた低域範囲であるk空間低域のk空間データを計測する前計測部と、
前記前計測部が収集したk空間データを用いて、k空間低域データを計測可能なk空間低域データ計測範囲を特定するk空間特性情報を得る低域計測範囲決定部と、
前記k空間低域データ計測範囲内のk空間データを前記k空間低域データとして計測するよう前記撮影シーケンスを調整するシーケンス調整部と、
前記シーケンス調整部による調整後の撮影シーケンスを用いて前記主計測を実行する主計測部と、を備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記k空間特性情報は、前記k空間データの信号強度が最大となる位置であるk空間基準位置を含み、
前記シーケンス調整部は、前記k空間基準位置を中心とした範囲から前記k空間低域データを計測するよう前記撮影シーケンスを調整すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記k空間特性情報は、前記k空間データの信号強度に応じて定まるk空間低域計測幅を含み、
前記シーケンス調整部は、前記k空間低域計測幅の範囲から前記k空間低域データを計測するよう前記撮影シーケンスを調整すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
マルチチャンネルの受信コイルを備え、
前記低域計測範囲決定部は、前記受信コイルの各チャンネルで受信した前記k空間データを合成することにより得た合成データの信号強度が最大となる位置を前記k空間基準位置とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
マルチチャンネルの受信コイルを備え、
前記低域計測範囲決定部は、前記k空間データの信号強度が最大となる位置であるk空間基準位置を含み、前記受信コイルの各チャンネルで受信した前記k空間データを合成することにより得た合成データが予め定めた条件を満たす範囲を、前記k空間低域計測幅とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記調整後の撮影シーケンスによる計測時間と前記計測時間以外の予め定めた計測パラメータのいずれか一方を固定するかの選択を受け付ける受付部と、
前記計測パラメータについて、調整後の前記撮影シーケンスの計測時間を調整前の当該撮影シーケンスの計測時間と等しくするために変化させる変化量とを計算する変化量計算部と、をさらに備え、
前記計測時間が選択された場合、前記シーケンス調整部は、さらに、前記撮影シーケンスの前記計測パラメータを前記変化量だけ調整すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項6記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記受付部は、前記変化量と、前記シーケンス調整部による調整後の撮影シーケンスによる計測時間とをユーザに提示し、前記選択を受け付けること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記低域計測範囲決定部は、前記前計測部が前記k空間データを取得する毎に、未計測のk空間データを推定し、当該推定結果を用いて推定k空間特性情報および推定k空間低域データ計測範囲を推定し、1回前に推定した推定k空間低域データ計測範囲との差が予め定めた範囲内に収まる場合、その時点の最新の推定k空間特性情報を、前記k空間特性情報とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
受信コイルで収集したエコー信号を増幅し、前記k空間データとする受信処理部と、
前記前計測部で得た前記k空間データから、k空間の位置に応じた受信ゲインを決定する受信ゲイン設定部と、をさらに備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
マルチチャンネルの受信コイルを備え、
前記低域計測範囲決定部は、前記受信コイルの各チャンネルで受信した前記k空間データについて、それぞれ、信号強度が最大となる位置を特定し、各特定結果の重心位置を前記k空間基準位置とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
マルチチャンネルの受信コイルを備え、
前記低域計測範囲決定部は、前記k空間データの信号強度が最大となる位置であるk空間基準位置を含み、前記受信コイルの各チャンネルで受信した前記k空間データが予め定めた条件を満たす領域をそれぞれ特定し、各特定結果を合成し、前記k空間低域計測幅とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記調整後の撮影シーケンスによる計測時間と前記計測時間以外の予め定めた計測パラメータとのいずれか一方を、予め定めた範囲内でのみ変化させるかの選択を受け付ける受付部と、
前記計測パラメータについて、前記調整後の撮影シーケンスの計測時間と調整前の前記撮影シーケンスの計測時間との差を前記範囲内に収めるために変化させる変化量を計算する変化量計算部と、をさらに備え、
前記受付部において前記計測時間が選択された場合、前記シーケンス調整部は、前記撮影シーケンスにおいて前記変化量計算部による計算結果に従って前記計測パラメータも調整すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 画像取得のために実行する主計測と同じ撮影シーケンスを用いてk空間低域の予め定めた範囲のk空間データを収集し、
前記収集したk空間データを用いて、k空間低域データを計測するk空間低域データ計測範囲を特定し、
前記k空間低域データ計測範囲から前記k空間低域データを計測するよう前記撮影シーケンスを調整し、
調整後の前記撮影シーケンスを用いて前記主計測を実行すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング方法。
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