WO2016192612A1 - 基于深度学习对医疗数据进行分析的方法及其智能分析仪 - Google Patents
基于深度学习对医疗数据进行分析的方法及其智能分析仪 Download PDFInfo
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- the present invention relates to a smart device for analyzing medical or medical data, and more particularly to an intelligent analyzer that automatically aggregates a large number of medical or medical data obtained by a large hospital or medical research institution and gives a matching analysis conclusion.
- doctors or researchers in large hospitals or medical research institutions need to do a lot of work every day.
- doctors in the clinical department of the hospital need to conduct research, analysis and decision-making on the collected medical data every day.
- the following is the medical data generated by randomly taking one day in a large top three hospital in Beijing:
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a medical study based on deep learning based on deep learning, which can effectively alleviate the work pressure of hospital doctors or medical researchers and can scientifically analyze and obtain a large number of medical or medical data. Analytical methods and their intelligent analyzers.
- the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
- the method for analyzing medical data based on deep learning of the present invention comprises the following steps:
- a setting a basic framework for deep learning, and establishing a data model including an input layer, at least one hidden layer, and an output layer according to the data feature, the input layer includes a plurality of nodes having data features, and the output layer includes a plurality of a node having medical diagnostic data features, each hidden layer comprising a plurality of nodes having a mapping correspondence with an output value of the upper layer;
- Each node uses a mathematical equation to establish a data model of the node, and manually or randomly determines the relevant parameter values in the mathematical equation, and the input values of the nodes in the input layer are the data features, and each hidden layer And the input value of each node in the output layer is an output value of the upper layer, and the output value of each node in each layer is a value obtained by the operation of the mathematical equation of the node;
- the method of optimizing the parameter value A i is an unsupervised learning method.
- the unsupervised learning method employs a noise reduction automatic coding generator or a Berman machine to perform self-learning.
- the method of optimizing the parameter value A i is a supervised learning method.
- the mathematical equation is a parametric mathematical equation or a nonparametric mathematical equation, wherein the parametric mathematical equation can be a linear model, a neuron model or a convolution operation, and the nonparametric mathematical equation can be an extreme value operation equation, and the mathematical model is set as follows:
- y is the medical diagnostic data feature in the output layer
- the dimension is M n
- X is the training material data
- the dimension is M 0
- f 1 to f n are the set operation equations of each layer
- each layer equation f i is the dimension M i-1 ⁇ M i, f 1 as the first layer is to dimension M 0 is converted into the X dimension output of M 1 Z 1, Z 1 and the equation becomes f 2 of the second layer Input, and so on, where each layer model f i has a parameter set A i that matches it.
- the medical material data includes relevant information records of the doctor's diagnosis, examination and treatment process by the doctor in the clinical and medical technology stages; the diagnosis data includes the doctor's diagnosis of the patient's initial diagnosis, the discharge result, and the disease treatment effect in the clinical and medical technology stage. Relevant information records and textual diagnosis data written by doctors and Follow-up data was tracked.
- the data characteristics include changes in the time and space of the medical training data, and various mathematical statistics of the data itself. For example, as time goes by, the trend of data rising or falling.
- the structured data involved in the medical to-be-analyzed data and the matching analysis results are fed back into the deep learning model to form new training data.
- the intelligent analyzer for analyzing medical data based on deep learning includes an input device that can import medical training data and medical to-be-analyzed data into a computer, and separately or collectively save the medical training data and medical to-be-analyzed data.
- a storage module a deep learning model module that invokes medical training data in the storage module for self-learning, an output device that derives medical pathological analysis results that match the medical data to be analyzed, and a processor including a CPU and/or a GPU, wherein ,
- the medical training data includes medical material data and medical diagnostic data matched thereto;
- the medical training data and the medical to-be-analyzed data are structured data matrices that can be understood by a computer;
- the self-learning employs a parametric mathematical equation including a linear model, a neuron model, a convolution operation, and/or seeking a maximum operation;
- the input device includes a computer device disposed in a hospital, a medical institution, various medical examination devices and a pathological analysis device networked with the computer;
- the output device includes a stationary computer output terminal and a mobile smart terminal that are disposed in a hospital, a medical institution, and networked with the input device.
- the intelligent analyzer of the present invention is further provided with a network connection module which can be connected to the Internet or Ethernet, including a fiber connection, a WIFI connection or a GPRS module connection.
- a network connection module which can be connected to the Internet or Ethernet, including a fiber connection, a WIFI connection or a GPRS module connection.
- the core content of the method of the present invention and its intelligent analyzer is the application of deep convolution in deep learning
- the meta-algorithm (English full name: Deep Convolution Neural Network, DCNN for short) establishes a model in the computer.
- the model uses massive medical data to select and optimize model parameters, and automatically learns the pathological analysis process of doctors or medical researchers through the “training” model, which in turn helps them process large amounts of medical or medical data, and ultimately assists doctors in making large amounts of medical data. Correct judgment and effective decision making.
- the invention can greatly reduce the work pressure of the doctor or the medical researcher and improve the work efficiency thereof, and the invention can free the doctor or the medical researcher from the heavy analysis work of the medical or medical data, thereby using more energy. In other more important work.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the operation of the intelligent analyzer of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows image data generated by brain nuclear magnetic resonance.
- FIG. 3 is image data after deleting the target body in the image data.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the basic mathematical structure of a DNN based on graphical data.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a convolutional block operation.
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the logical operation of the interconnected multilayer perceptron.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the automatic code generator.
- the method for analyzing medical data based on deep learning is to select and optimize model parameters by using massive medical data, and automatically learn the pathological analysis process of doctors or medical researchers through the “training” model, and then help them. Handling large amounts of medical or medical data ultimately helps doctors make the right judgments and effective decisions for large amounts of medical data.
- medical data intelligence analysis systems are a very important area of medical technology.
- the field of more people's research is the analysis of CT nodules in the lungs, which are mainly divided into two major technical modules: Image segmentation and intelligent analysis.
- image segmentation is to intelligently segment key parts of the lungs such as the trachea, lungs, blood vessels, etc., and model the 3D images to help clinicians and imaging doctors better analyze the lungs. Structure and preparation before surgery.
- Image segmentation has very mature technologies and algorithms. However, the main use is in very traditional algorithms such as cascade models, and can not fully exploit the use of intelligent analyzers.
- the analysis system for graphic segmentation is only for a small part of medical data processing, and the value for doctors is limited.
- Deep Learning is a revolutionary technology recognized in the field of artificial intelligence. It has subverted traditional application methods in the fields of image recognition and speech recognition, and has successfully brought many breakthrough technology applications: Google Image Content Analysis, Google No People driving cars, Google Book, Google Brain, etc.
- DNN Deep Neural Network
- the invention applies the most advanced deep learning algorithm to medical data analysis, and models with massive data to construct a medical data analysis system. It can greatly reduce the pressure on doctors and increase the number of doctors Efficiency.
- model training modules pre-training
- model improvement modules fine-tuning
- the model training module mainly uses medical training data to find the mathematical expression that best represents the medical analysis process.
- the model application module is a main application module in the intelligent analyzer system, which inputs the medical to-be-analyzed data into the model training module and automatically outputs the medical pathological analysis result that matches the medical to-be-analyzed data.
- the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
- the purpose of medical training is to enable the computer to automatically calculate the corresponding medical diagnostic analysis data from the medical material data.
- the medical material data includes relevant information records of the doctor's diagnosis, examination and treatment process by the doctor in the clinical and medical technology stages; the diagnosis data includes the doctor's diagnosis of the patient's initial diagnosis, the discharge result, and the disease treatment effect in the clinical and medical technology stage. Relevant information records and textual outpatient data and follow-up data written by doctors.
- the medical material data includes: the doctor writes the input patient information, such as the current medical history, past medical history, physical examination, laboratory and device examination, and the treatment process after admission.
- the medical diagnosis data (also referred to as target data) includes: a record of the doctor's initial diagnosis and discharge of the patient, and the effect of the disease treatment.
- the patient is referred to the patient, and the patient's relevant information, such as age, gender, weight, current medical history, past medical history, physical examination information, etc., are integrated, and the analysis data is integrated to provide the patient's disease type analysis, admission advice, and treatment plan. For example, enter information about a patient, 65-year-old male patient, cough, chest tightness, recent weight loss, long-term smoking history, and no previous examinations.
- the medical material data includes: original image data, pathological types, disease-related test data, specific location of the lesion, presence or absence of metastasis or multiple occurrences.
- the medical diagnosis data textual diagnosis data written by a doctor, and follow-up data.
- the intelligent analyzer Through the analysis and training of the original image data of different body parts and different image inspection methods, the intelligent analyzer has the function of recognition and analysis for the lesion, and gives the next step of diagnosis and treatment. For example, CT intelligent diagnosis of single nodules in the lungs, the intelligent analyzer can retrieve all the original images in a very short time, and determine the location, size, internal density, edge morphology, and other parts of the image.
- the medical training data corresponding to each individual and the change value are summarized into one unit data.
- the medical training data and the change values to be associated with a person or a series of cases are summarized into one unit of data.
- the data characteristics include changes in the time and space of the medical training data, and various mathematical statistics of the data itself.
- Data characteristics include changes in medical training data over time, such as the trend of rising or falling data; spatial changes, such as the relationship between one image and one pixel from one image.
- the data characteristics also include various mathematical statistics of the data itself, such as individual data and other individual data comparison values.
- These data features will be formatted as a computer-understood structure in the form of vectors, matrices, or series.
- the collection of data features also includes image processing or initial data statistics processing. In image processing, segmenting the image content related to the medical diagnosis data is the first step in finding the characteristics of the image data. In document file processing, TF-IDF (term frequency–inverse document frequency), a method of quantitative data retrieval and text mining, can also be applied. The above initial image text processing will greatly facilitate the computer to collect data features.
- Each node uses a mathematical equation to establish a data model of the node, and uses artificial or random methods to preset relevant parameter values in the mathematical equation.
- the input values of the nodes in the input layer are the data features, and each hidden layer
- the input value of each node in the output layer is the output value of the upper layer, and the output value of each node in each layer is The value obtained by the operation of the mathematical equation by the node;
- the method of optimizing the parameter value A i is an unsupervised learning method and a supervised learning method.
- the unsupervised learning method employs a noise reduction automatic coding generator or a Berman machine to perform self-learning.
- the mathematical equation is a parametric mathematical equation or a nonparametric mathematical equation, wherein the parametric mathematical equation can be a linear model, a neuron model or a convolution operation, and the nonparametric mathematical equation can be an extreme value operation equation, and the mathematical model is set as follows:
- y is the medical diagnostic data feature in the output layer
- the dimension is M n
- X is the training material data
- the dimension is M 0
- f 1 to f n are the set operation equations of each layer
- each layer equation f i is the dimension M i-1 ⁇ M i, f 1 as the first layer is to dimension M 0 is converted into the X dimension output of M 1 Z 1, Z 1 and the equation becomes f 2 of the second layer Input, and so on, where each layer model f i has a parameter set A i that matches it.
- x m is the input value of the equation
- y is the output value of the equation
- a m is the basic parameter of the equation.
- the depth learning model parameters A 1 to A n are initialized, and the model parameters, model depth, etc. can be set arbitrarily, and the initialization parameter model can also be selected in some way.
- the invention belongs to the artificial intelligence technology, and the ultimate purpose of the data operation is to "train" the model to automatically identify the lesion in the medical image, give the probability and mark, and assist the doctor's diagnosis and treatment work. Therefore, in the process of model construction, massive data is equivalent to teaching material, and the model framework is the specific process of abstracting and summarizing specific information by algorithms. Therefore, in the process of intelligent computing, massive data and intelligent algorithms are indispensable.
- MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Chinese name MRI
- graphics can be three-dimensional matrix (grayscale), that is, two-dimensional gray-scale index and one-dimensional cross-section; or four-dimensional matrix (rgb), that is, two-dimensional color The index is followed by three color indices, and finally a one-dimensional cross section.
- Any medical data can be abstracted abstractly into such a matrix.
- Such a matrix constitutes the original data source that the model reads.
- Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the image data generated by the brain MRI is displayed. It is assumed that the system generates one MRI slice into a pixel of 512 ⁇ 512, and one brain scan is 200 slices, then one gray scale.
- such medical raw matrices are the basic data for modeling.
- an analysis target that matches the graph is also needed.
- the simplest binary analysis information is: measuring the lesion (a slightly more complicated information can be the probability of a lesion). Later, more complex medical information such as the type of lesion, treatment effect, and the specific location of the lesion can be incorporated.
- the longitudinal time series data of the patient's past physical examination can be matched, and the algorithm can learn to predict the development of medical phenomena.
- Simulated simulated data This type of data is processed or simulated by a computer, using simulated data as training data for modeling.
- the most typical example of such a model is Microsoft's Xbox Kinect system.
- the basic data of the hand gesture recognition model in the development stage is all 3D modeling completed.
- simulation data can be understood as new data constructed based on the original medical data through deformation, distortion, and noise superposition.
- analog data There are two reasons for using analog data: First, adding deformed data is beneficial to the church algorithm to more stably identify the core changes in medical data; second, one The general DNN model needs to guide more than a few million parameters. In the case of limited data, it is easy to cause over-fitting, that is, the model over-learns the existing historical data, and can not summarize the core change law well. And the abstract summary, adding the simulated deformation data is equivalent to adding noise during the training process, and the forcing algorithm can better distinguish the noise and effective information, which helps to solve the over-fitting problem.
- the machine learning algorithm model is the basic mathematical framework used by the invention to summarize and summarize the information.
- the main purpose is to express the pattern recognition process in a mathematical structure that the computer can understand.
- the training process is to estimate the parameters in the model. After the parameters are estimated, the model will become the core part of the method of the present invention.
- Machine learning algorithms can be classified into two categories, supervised learning and unsupervised learning, according to different purposes.
- the present invention covers two types of algorithms.
- Supervised learning algorithms emphasize the target law that people seek to set up. As described in the previous section, in addition to the original graphics matrix data, the supervised learning algorithm also requires matching analysis conclusion data (such as the medical diagnostic data described).
- This patent mainly includes the following supervised learning algorithms.
- the basic principle of this algorithm mimics the process of human brain discrimination.
- the input of the DNN algorithm is the original medical data and the doctor's historical analysis results, and finally the analysis process can be completed automatically.
- the abstract summary of DNN is
- x is the original medical matrix data
- y is the intelligent system analysis result
- DNN is the mathematical mapping expression of the equation f, x to y.
- the DNN algorithm simulates the neuron structure of the human brain.
- the basic mathematical structure of DNN based on graphical data is shown in Fig. 4.
- the first layer is the convolution layer and the second layer is the largest pool layer. This loops the structure of the DNN from the left graph raw data to the rightmost analysis result. Can be divided into multiple layers, each layer to complete different mathematical operations.
- the model has a total of multiple layers of neuronal structures.
- the first layer performs multiple parallel inner product operations for medical data.
- the most commonly used algorithm in the first layer is convolution.
- the convolution algorithm outputs the inner product of the new equation and the original series data by sliding a new equation over the input series of values. As in 3D medical graphics, the algorithm constructs multiple convolutional squares, each of which is a matrix of measurements.
- the convolutional block x and y axes cover the equation of an image's spatial variation, while the z-axis of the convolutional block covers the equation of the image's spatial variation.
- Each convolutional square matrix slides along the data dimension itself to calculate the inner product of the values of the respective dimensions of the 3D graphics and the convolutional square.
- the value of the inner product operation can be understood as the similarity between the data dimension and the convolutional square, and
- the inner product value output by each part of the data will be the input value of the next layer of neurons. From the perspective of intuitive image, the parallel convolution matrix is equivalent to a specific shape, and the outer calculation of the convolution matrix is equivalent to judging whether different regions are similar to a specific shape in the data.
- the second common layer of the DNN model is the level of the pooling operation (English name is Max Pooling, referred to as MP operation).
- the MP operation process synthesizes the dimensional information into a larger range of squares, and performs a Max (seeking maximum) operation in each square.
- MP operations mainly mimic the active economic characteristics of neurons in visual neural networks. Within a certain range of information frameworks, only the most active information units are retained and proceed to the next level. From a graphical point of view, the MP operation causes the result of the operation to no longer change due to the rotation of the data itself. From the perspective of operation, the MP operation is equivalent to the dimensionality reduction processing, combined with the first layer of neuron operations, the MP operation removes the region information with lower similarity to the first layer convolutional block, and reduces the invalid information in each region. content.
- the structure of the DNN is often combined and continuously repeated by the convolutional layer and the pooled layer to extract medical diagnosis.
- Related data characteristics Intuitively, for example, in Figure 4, the middle layer algorithm uses the nonlinear elements of the first and second layers, and so on. This is to build a more abstract framework element. Numerous layers of neurons can be constructed by the method of this patent.
- the combination of the convolutional layer and the pooled layer should be repeated as much as possible.
- the human brain belongs to a very deep neuron structure. Therefore, the deeper the neuron model, the stronger the power. However, the deeper the neuronal structural parameters, the more difficult it is to train and estimate the parameters, and it is easy to have derivative demise and over-fitting problems.
- the remaining information enters the final Multi-Layer-Perceptron MLP.
- the basic structure of the perceptron is a two-layer logistic regression operation, which is equivalent to appending the contribution of different abstract graphic elements to the final evaluation result, and the final output value of the MLP operation is the medical analysis result of the model.
- the perceptron is generally a layer of implicit perceptual layer. The variables of each unit are completely interconnected with all variables in the upper layer, and each layer performs logical operations to obtain the next layer of values.
- Unsupervised learning The concept of neural networks has existed for many years, but it is limited by the amount of data that can be used and the computing power of the processor, making the derivative demise problem very serious and cannot be used to solve practical problems.
- the error between the output predicted value and the actual value of the model constitutes the basis of model parameter optimization, and the excessively deep neural network structure cannot reverse the parameter optimization information to the underlying network, ie, the surface layer. Information cannot be transmitted to the deep network structure layer by layer, which brings great difficulties to model training.
- the volume of medical data is often very large. It is unrealistic to perform a complete optimization search, and the problem of high computational difficulty is more serious than other fields.
- the invention performs preliminary optimization on parameters in the model through unsupervised learning, so that the model The initial conditions of the parameters during the optimization process become very advantageous, allowing the model optimization process to find local minima faster.
- the two most unsupervised learning methods are Denoising Autoencoders (dAE) and Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM).
- dAE Noise reduction automatic coding generator
- the principle of the automatic code generator is to find valid implicit variables of a certain data variable.
- the working principle of the automatic code generator is completely presented.
- the automatic code generator looks for the recessive element representative y and the parameter W to map the new data z, and automatically generates the code.
- the ultimate goal is to find the parameter W to minimize the difference between z and x, in other words to find the parameter that best represents the data variable information within the limited information.
- These parameters can be considered to cover the largest amount of raw data information within the model range.
- the noise reduction automatic coding generator artificially introduces a large amount of noise in the working principle of the simple coding generator.
- the noise is forced to find a more valuable potential law through a large amount of noise, without being affected by the invalid law in the noise.
- the final trained parameters will become the initial parameter starting values for supervised learning, which is equivalent to finding a good starting point for the first step of the model and greatly speeding up the optimization of the parameters of the trained model.
- a further improvement of the optimization data is to establish a loss equation or a target equation, and perform supervised learning data model parameter optimization according to the loss equation.
- the loss equation can be set as the difference between the analysis result output by the deep learning model and the actual target variable in the training data.
- the parameter value in the model is adjusted according to the change of the loss equation and the optimization method.
- the loss equation can be set as the difference between the measured value and the actual value generated by the model (such as the variance difference), and the parameter optimization by gradient descent
- the method moves the parameter values in each cycle, and stops the parameter optimization process after the parameter optimization cycle meets certain conditions (for example, the value of the loss equation before the cycle and the cycle is less than a certain threshold, or the number of cycles exceeds a certain number to stop the optimization operation) ), retain the best value.
- g(x, A) is the analytical output of the basic deep learning
- Y is the actual value of the analysis target
- L[Y;g(X;A)] is mainly used to calculate the difference between the analytical output and the actual value of the deep learning. The cost incurred.
- R(A) is mainly a regularization expression, the main function is to avoid over-fitting of the model.
- the method of parameter optimization can be arbitrarily chosen.
- the most common method is the gradient reduction method.
- the mathematical expression of the steps is as follows:
- the parameter is moved in the opposite direction to the differential of the target equation. After repeated rounds of movement, the movement is stopped if a specific stop condition is satisfied.
- Another step-by-step improvement in optimizing data is the data noise-increasing method, which artificially adds noise to the model and data to stabilize the model and over-fitting the data model.
- the data noise-increasing method which artificially adds noise to the model and data to stabilize the model and over-fitting the data model.
- the original data can be deformed and distorted, and the model is forced to recognize valid information other than noise.
- test sample segmentation Another improvement of the optimized data is test sample segmentation, which can further segment the training data out of the test sample, build the model by using the remaining training data, test the validity of the model by testing the sample, and adjust the depth learning model automatically or manually according to the result.
- Core framework Another improvement of the optimized data is test sample segmentation, which can further segment the training data out of the test sample, build the model by using the remaining training data, test the validity of the model by testing the sample, and adjust the depth learning model automatically or manually according to the result.
- the medical learning result obtained by the depth learning model is matched with the medical to-be-analyzed data by the output device.
- the structured data related to the medical to-be-analyzed data and the matching analysis result are fed back into the deep learning model to form new training data to further optimize the deep learning model.
- the intelligent analyzer for analyzing medical data based on deep learning includes an input device that can import medical training data and medical to-be-analyzed data into a computer, and separately or collectively save the medical training data and medical to-be-analyzed data.
- a storage module a deep learning model module in the method of the present invention that invokes medical training data in the storage module for self-learning, an output device that derives medical pathological analysis results matching the medical data to be analyzed, and a CPU and/or GPU Processor, where
- the medical training data includes medical material data and medical diagnostic data matched thereto;
- the medical training data and the medical to-be-analyzed data are structured data matrices that can be understood by a computer;
- the self-learning employs a parametric mathematical equation including a linear model, a neuron model, a convolution operation, and/or seeking a maximum operation;
- the input device comprises a computer device installed in a hospital, a medical institution, various medical examination devices and pathological analysis devices networked with the computer; such as a computer, a color ultrasound instrument, an X-ray, a synchronous electrocardiograph, a biochemical analyzer, and an immunoassay Instruments, fiberscopes, nuclear magnetic resonance, CT Doppler diagnostics, sphygmomanometers, weight scales, etc.
- a computer installed in a hospital, a medical institution, various medical examination devices and pathological analysis devices networked with the computer; such as a computer, a color ultrasound instrument, an X-ray, a synchronous electrocardiograph, a biochemical analyzer, and an immunoassay Instruments, fiberscopes, nuclear magnetic resonance, CT Doppler diagnostics, sphygmomanometers, weight scales, etc.
- the output device includes a stationary computer output terminal and a mobile smart terminal that are disposed in a hospital, a medical institution, and networked with the input device.
- a stationary computer output terminal and a mobile smart terminal that are disposed in a hospital, a medical institution, and networked with the input device.
- a network connection module including a fiber connection, a WIFI connection or a GPRS module connection that can be connected to the Internet or the Ethernet can be installed on the intelligent analyzer of the present invention.
- the intelligent analyzer of the present invention applies the training-derived deep learning model to the actual, and is a complete integrated system.
- the new medical data i.e., the medical data to be analyzed
- the intelligent analyzer becomes an additional plug-in in the analysis process.
- it can be an additional plug-in in medical devices, or it can be an insertion interface in a system commonly used for PACS (Chinese name for image archiving and communication system) or HIS (Chinese name for hospital information), or via the Internet.
- PACS Choinese name for image archiving and communication system
- HIS Choinese name for hospital information
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种基于深度学习对医疗数据进行分析的方法,其特征在于:其包括如下步骤:1)采集海量已备案的同类型的医疗素材数据及与该医疗素材数据匹配的医疗诊断数据作为医疗训练数据通过输入装置存储于计算机中;2)将所述医疗训练数据中不小于二维的影像数据与文本数据中随时间和空间的变化值与对应的数据相关联;3)在采集的海量医疗训练数据中,将与每一个个体对应的医疗训练数据和所述变化值汇总为一条单元数据;4)将所述医疗训练数据采用分割、关联或文本数据挖掘方法整合或格式化为计算机可以理解的结构化数据矩阵并从每个单元数据中提取数据特征;5)将已形成结构化数据矩阵的医疗训练数据导入设置于计算机内对应深度学习模型的存储模块中;6)通过计算机对所述深度学习模型进行优化运算,优化方法如下:a.设定深度学习基本框架,将所述医疗训练数据按照数据特征建立包括输入层、至少一层隐层和输出层的数据模型,输入层包含若干个具有数据特征的节点,输出层包含若干个具有医疗诊断数据特征的节点,每个隐层包含若干个与上一层输出值具有映射对应关系的节点;b.每个节点采用数学方程建立该节点的数据模型,采用人工或随机方法预设所述数学方程中的相关参数值,输入层中各节点的输入值为所述的数据特征,各隐层及输出层中各节点的输入值为上层的输出值,每层中各节点的输出值为 本节点经所述数学方程运算后所得的值;c.初始化所述参数值Ai,将所述输出层中各节点的输出值与对应节点的医疗诊断数据特征比对,反复修正各节点的所述参数值Ai,依次循环,最终获得使所述输出层中各节点的输出值生成与所述医疗诊断数据特征相似度为局部最大时的输出值对应的各节点中的参数值Ai;7)将获取的已形成结构化矩阵数据的医学待分析数据导入该深度学习模型中进行与之匹配的医学病理分析;8)由该深度学习模型通过输出装置输出与所述医学待分析数据相匹配的医学病理分析结果。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:对所述参数值Ai进行优化的方法为无监督学习方法。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述无监督学习方法采用降噪自动编码生成器或限制伯尔曼机进行自学习。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:对所述参数值Ai进行优化的方法为有监督学习方法。
- 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:所述数学方程为参数数学方程或非参数数学方程,其中,参数数学方程可为线性模型、神经元模型或卷积运算,非参数数学方程可为极值运算方程,数学模型设定方式如下:y=g(X)=fn○fn-1○fn-2○…○f1(X)其中y是所述输出层中的医疗诊断数据特征,维度为Mn,X是训练素材数据,维度为M0,f1到fn为设定的每一层运算方程,而每一层方程fi的维度为 Mi-1→Mi,如第一层f1就是将维度为M0的X转换成维度为M1的输出Z1,而Z1则成为第二层方程f2的输入,以此类推,其中,每一层模型fi有与之相匹配的参数组Ai。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述医疗素材数据包括临床和医技阶段医生对患者诊断、检查和治疗过程进行的相关信息记录;所述诊断数据包括临床和医技阶段医生对患者初诊判断、出院结果、疾病治疗效果进行的相关信息记录以及医生撰写的文本出诊数据和跟踪随访数据。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述数据特征包括医疗训练数据在时空上的变化值、数据本身的各种数理统计值。比如说随着时间的改变,数据上升或下降的趋势。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:将所述医学待分析数据和与之匹配的分析结果涉及的结构化数据反馈到所述深度学习模型中形成新的训练数据。
- 一种基于深度学习对医疗数据进行分析的智能分析仪,其特征在于:其包括可将医疗训练数据和医学待分析数据导入计算机中的输入装置、分别或集中保存所述医疗训练数据和医学待分析数据的存储模块、调用存储模块中的医疗训练数据进行自学习的深度学习模型模块、将与所述医学待分析数据匹配的医学病理分析结果导出的输出装置和包括CPU和/或GPU的处理器,其中,所述医疗训练数据包括医疗素材数据和与之匹配的医疗诊断数据;所述医疗训练数据和医学待分析数据为计算机可以理解的结构化数据矩阵;所述自学习采用包括线性模型、神经元模型、卷积运算和/或寻求最大值运 算的参数数学方程;所述输入装置包括设置在医院、医学机构的计算机装置、与该计算机联网的各种医疗检查装置和病理分析装置;所述输出装置包括设置在医院、医学机构中并与所述输入装置联网的固定式计算机输出终端和移动式智能终端。
- 根据权利要求9所述的基于深度学习对医疗数据进行分析的智能分析仪,其特征在于:其还设有可与互联网、以太网连接的包括光纤连接、WIFI连接或GPRS模块连接的网络连接模块。
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US20220059229A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
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EP3306500A4 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
IL255856B (en) | 2022-01-01 |
EP3306500A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
CN104866727A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
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