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WO2016186569A1 - A composition for optimising energy usage - Google Patents

A composition for optimising energy usage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016186569A1
WO2016186569A1 PCT/SG2015/000126 SG2015000126W WO2016186569A1 WO 2016186569 A1 WO2016186569 A1 WO 2016186569A1 SG 2015000126 W SG2015000126 W SG 2015000126W WO 2016186569 A1 WO2016186569 A1 WO 2016186569A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
composition according
metal oxide
parts
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG2015/000126
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ah Eng Siaw
Original Assignee
Ah Eng Siaw
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ah Eng Siaw filed Critical Ah Eng Siaw
Priority to PCT/SG2015/000126 priority Critical patent/WO2016186569A1/en
Publication of WO2016186569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016186569A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
    • C09D7/67—Particle size smaller than 100 nm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device for reducing energy loss as heat during electricity flow therefrom by aligning electron spin.
  • Electricity has becoming an inescapable need for human and without electricity, human life would be in a chaos.
  • electricity can be costly as the existing methods of generating electricity or electrical energy are mainly dependent on non-renewable resources.
  • people are focusing on ways to minimise energy consumption or optimising energy usage, to reduce cost as well as to minimise negative impact to the environment as a result of extracting energy from the non-renewable resources.
  • Energy audit is done to identify possible reduction of energy input into a system without negatively affecting the performance or output.
  • Energy saving material such as a superconductor, which has a higher electrical conductivity and lower electrical resistance, is also developed as an alternative to the conventional conductive material. Despite some reduction in energy usage can be achieved, a substantial amount of energy loss as heat is unavoidable due to random and irregular electron spin.
  • Electricity involves the flow of electrons within a closed electric circuit. Typically, the flowing electrons move in a free and irregular manner rather being flow in a straight path therefore collision between atoms of the circuit occur. A substantial amount of energy is lost as heat due to the irregular movement of the electrons before reaching a load. The degree of energy loss is also dependent on the specification of a conductive wire used such as, material, diameter, length, resistivity, and temperature. In view of the above problems, there is a need to further optimise energy usage in which less energy is needed to drive an electric current as well as less energy is loss from irregular movement of electrons. Hence, it is desirable to develop a method of improving electrons flow or reducing irregular movement of electrons. This invention provides a solution to the problem.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide a method of optimising electrical energy consumption of an electromechanical device.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device in which the coating can induce electron vibration alignment in the device thereby reducing energy loss or optimising energy consumption.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a method of producing a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device which can reduce energy loss in the device.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to reduce the cost of electricity by reducing energy usage of an electromechanical device.
  • the present invention describes a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising a nano-sized particulate metal oxide; a binder; a liquid carrier; and a surface additive.
  • the electromechanical device is an electrical distribution board, a cable, an isolator, an inverter, a variable speed drive, or a junction box.
  • the metal oxide is an oxide of platinium, titanium, silver, copper, tin, gold, or a mixture thereof;
  • the alcohol is isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol; whilst the binder is a silane.
  • the surface additive is sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid whilst the liquid carrier is a silicone oil, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
  • the silicone oil is hexamethyl disiloxane, octamethyl trisiloxane, decamethylcyclo pentasiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane or octamethylcyclo tetrasiloxane
  • the composition comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of metal oxide, 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of binder, 75 to 94 parts by weight of liquid carrier, and 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of surface additive.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is a method of producing a composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims comprising the steps of mixing the composition homogeneously; and bombarding the mixture with a vibration force at a frequency of 20-1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles.
  • This invention relates to a composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device for reducing energy loss as heat during electricity from therein by aligning electron spin.
  • the invention shall be described according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and by referring to the accompanying description and drawings. However, it is to be understood that limiting the description to the preferred embodiments of the invention and to the drawings is merely to facilitate discussion of the present invention and it is envisioned that ⁇ those skilled in the art may devise various modifications without departing from the scope of the appended claim.
  • the invention discloses a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising a nano- sized particulate metal oxide; a binder; a liquid carrier; and a surface additive.
  • the composition can be coated on any surface of an electromechanical device such as, but is not limiting to, electrical distribution board, cable, isolator, inverter, variable speed drive, or junction box in which the surface may be made from glass, plastics material, metal, rubber or other suitable material.
  • an electromechanical device such as, but is not limiting to, electrical distribution board, cable, isolator, inverter, variable speed drive, or junction box in which the surface may be made from glass, plastics material, metal, rubber or other suitable material.
  • the atoms of the composition are vibrating at a frequency similar to the natural frequency of the atoms of the device such that when atoms of the device are induced to vibrate, particularly at their natural frequency, resonance may occur.
  • randomly moving electrons of the atoms are aligned to become uniformly moving electrons.
  • the atoms with uniformly moving electrons move in uniform directly and no collision occurs between atoms. Hence, energy loss due to collision of atoms is reduced.
  • the atoms of the composition are able to transfer energy in all direction at a distance ranging from 300 mm to 600 mm.
  • the composition comprises particles of metal oxide, preferably in a scale of nano size. Smaller particles provide the metal oxide with larger surface area for capturing, holding, and releasing of the vibration energy.
  • the metal for the metal oxide can be selected from the group, but not limiting to, consisting of titanium, silver, copper, tin, or gold.
  • One skilled in the art shall not limit the metal oxide to one type of metal oxide; rather it can be a mixture of two or more types of metal oxide.
  • High electrical conductivity metal is preferred as it can hold higher charge and therefore, higher ability and capacity to hold vibration energy which thereafter is transferred to the coated device.
  • the composition comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of metal oxide. The amount of energy transferred to induce resonance may not be sufficient for less than 0.1 parts by weight of metal oxide. However, any amount more than 10 parts by weight of metal oxide would have no or only minimal improvement in the advantageous effect.
  • the particles of metal oxide are contained within a liquid carrier so that the prepared composition is readily to be applied and coated on a surface.
  • the liquid carrier also acts as a medium of transferring energy from an energy source to the metal oxide or from the metal oxide to the atoms of the device. Any kind of liquid carrier which does not react with the metal oxide can be used.
  • the liquid carrier is a silicone oil, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
  • the alcohol can be selected from isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol
  • the silicone oil can be selected from hexamethyl disiloxane, octamethyl trisiloxane, decamethylcyclo pentasiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane or octamethylcyclo tetrasiloxane.
  • the presence of silicone oil also provides the surface with a smooth appearance as well as anti-stick characteristics so that dust or other solid impurities will not adhere to the surface.
  • the composition comprises 75 to 94 parts by weight of liquid carrier.
  • a binder is needed to ensure the coating binds well to the surface to be coated.
  • the binder is a silane.
  • the silane is an alkyl silane.
  • the alkyl silane can be selected from methyl silane, dimethydiethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, linear dialkylsilane, fluorinated alkyl silane, or cyclic alkylsilane.
  • Any silane binder which can render the composition be cured at room temperature and reduced curing time can be used.
  • the composition comprises 0 ⁇ to 30 parts by weight of binder.
  • surface additive is added to further enhance binding of the coating to the surface to be coated.
  • the surface additive is an acid to decrease the pH of the composition.
  • the acidic composition may slightly etch the surface and form bonds between the composition and the surface.
  • the amount of acid added shall not be high to the extent that the pH of the composition falls below 5 or become strongly acidic.
  • the composition has a pH ranging from 5 to 6 which effectively enhance binding of the coating without causing any corrosion to any part of the device.
  • the acid can be selected from sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid; or hydrochloric acid.
  • An alkaline composition is not preferred as it may render the coating to be easily detached from the surface due to .
  • the composition comprises 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of surface additive. More preferably, the composition comprises less than 2 parts by weight of surface additive.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is a method of producing a composition as described in any of the preceding description comprising the steps of mixing the composition homogeneously ; and bombarding the mixture with a vibration force at a frequency of 20-1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles.
  • the metal oxide, binder, liquid carrier, and surface additive are homogeneously mixed one at a time.
  • the order of mixing is preferred to be binder, surface additive, liquid carrier, and metal oxide.
  • metal oxide shall not be added before silane in order to achieve a homogeneous mixture.
  • the composition is homogenised by an ultrasonic mixer operating at a frequency of 20 kHz to 60 kHz for at least 0.5 hour. However, it is not necessary to mix the composition for more than 2 hours to achieve a homogeneous mixture. Any other method of homogenising the mixture can be adopted. During the homogenisation, nano particulates metal oxide can be further broken down into smaller size with a higher surface area to capture, hold, and release the vibration energy.
  • the mixture is subsequently subject to bombardment with a vibration force at a frequency of 20 kHz to 1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles.
  • the vibration force can be provided in any form.
  • the, vibration force shall not be induced by any kind of magnetic field in which the magnetic energy held within the atoms of the composition may cause impairment on the device.
  • the vibration force is provided by an ultrasonic means. Sufficiently long period of bombardment time is required so as to allow atoms of the composition, particularly atoms of the metal oxide, to capture and hold the energy from the vibration force for a period of time.
  • Atoms of the composition with the energy are excited to vibrate vigorously for a period of time at a frequency similar to the frequency of the vibration force.
  • the atoms of the composition are able to hold the energy for at least 1 month.
  • the homogenisation step and bombardment step can be in a single operation in which only ultrasonic treatment is utilised. After mixing the composition, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment where homogenisation and energy capturing occur simultaneously.
  • the ultrasonic frequency is preferably at 20 kHz to 1000 KHz and the treatment is preferably last for at least 12 hours, more preferably for at least 24 hours.
  • composition produced using single operation method is prone to have phase separation. Although phase separation may not affect the performance of the compositiori, the aesthetic view of the composition may not be welcome by the user.
  • the homogenisation step and bombardment step can be in two separate operations even only ultrasonic treatment is utilised.
  • the binder, surface additive, and liquid carrier are mixed and homogenise by ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 20 kHz to 60 kHz for at least 0.5 hour, preferably not more than 2 hours.
  • metal oxide is added to the homogenised mixture.
  • the resultant mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 20 kHz to 1000 kHz for at least 12 hours, more preferably for at least 24 hours.
  • Example 1 The composition as shown in Table 1 is mixed one by one. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 50 kHz for 24 hours.
  • the composition is as shown in Table 2.
  • Methysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, sulphuric acid, and methanol are mixed one by one and homogenised in ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 20 kHz for 1 hour. Copper oxide is added thereafter. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 80 kHz for 24 hours.
  • composition as shown in Table 3 is mixed one by one.
  • the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 50 kHz for 24 hours.
  • Example 4 The composition is as shown in Table 2. Dimethyl diethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, sulphuric acid, ethanol, and dimethyl siloxane are mixed one by one and homogenised in ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 30 kHz for 1 hour. Silver oxide and copper oxide are added thereafter. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 80 kHz for 24 hours.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
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Abstract

A composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising a nano-sized particulate metal oxide; a binder; a liquid carrier; and a surface additive.

Description

A COMPOSITION FOR OPTIMISING ENERGY USAGE
FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to a composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device for reducing energy loss as heat during electricity flow therefrom by aligning electron spin.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Electricity has becoming an inescapable need for human and without electricity, human life would be in a chaos. However, electricity can be costly as the existing methods of generating electricity or electrical energy are mainly dependent on non-renewable resources. Recently, people are focusing on ways to minimise energy consumption or optimising energy usage, to reduce cost as well as to minimise negative impact to the environment as a result of extracting energy from the non-renewable resources.
More research effort has been put into finding ways to reduce energy usage or to efficient use of energy. Energy audit is done to identify possible reduction of energy input into a system without negatively affecting the performance or output. Energy saving material such as a superconductor, which has a higher electrical conductivity and lower electrical resistance, is also developed as an alternative to the conventional conductive material. Despite some reduction in energy usage can be achieved, a substantial amount of energy loss as heat is unavoidable due to random and irregular electron spin.
Electricity involves the flow of electrons within a closed electric circuit. Typically, the flowing electrons move in a free and irregular manner rather being flow in a straight path therefore collision between atoms of the circuit occur. A substantial amount of energy is lost as heat due to the irregular movement of the electrons before reaching a load. The degree of energy loss is also dependent on the specification of a conductive wire used such as, material, diameter, length, resistivity, and temperature. In view of the above problems, there is a need to further optimise energy usage in which less energy is needed to drive an electric current as well as less energy is loss from irregular movement of electrons. Hence, it is desirable to develop a method of improving electrons flow or reducing irregular movement of electrons. This invention provides a solution to the problem.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
One of the objects of the invention is to provide a method of optimising electrical energy consumption of an electromechanical device.
Another object of the invention is to provide a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device in which the coating can induce electron vibration alignment in the device thereby reducing energy loss or optimising energy consumption.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a method of producing a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device which can reduce energy loss in the device.
Yet another object of the invention is to reduce the cost of electricity by reducing energy usage of an electromechanical device.
At least one of the preceding aspects is met, in whole or in part, by the present invention, in which the embodiment of the present invention describes a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising a nano-sized particulate metal oxide; a binder; a liquid carrier; and a surface additive.
Preferably, the electromechanical device is an electrical distribution board, a cable, an isolator, an inverter, a variable speed drive, or a junction box. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal oxide is an oxide of platinium, titanium, silver, copper, tin, gold, or a mixture thereof; the alcohol is isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol; whilst the binder is a silane. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface additive is sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid whilst the liquid carrier is a silicone oil, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the silicone oil is hexamethyl disiloxane, octamethyl trisiloxane, decamethylcyclo pentasiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane or octamethylcyclo tetrasiloxane
Still in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of metal oxide, 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of binder, 75 to 94 parts by weight of liquid carrier, and 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of surface additive. A further embodiment of the invention is a method of producing a composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims comprising the steps of mixing the composition homogeneously; and bombarding the mixture with a vibration force at a frequency of 20-1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles. The preferred embodiment of the invention consists of novel features and a combination of parts hereinafter fully described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed out in the appended claims; it being understood that various changes in the details may be effected by those skilled in the arts but without departing from the scope of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device for reducing energy loss as heat during electricity from therein by aligning electron spin. Hereinafter, the invention shall be described according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and by referring to the accompanying description and drawings. However, it is to be understood that limiting the description to the preferred embodiments of the invention and to the drawings is merely to facilitate discussion of the present invention and it is envisioned that · those skilled in the art may devise various modifications without departing from the scope of the appended claim.
The invention discloses a composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising a nano- sized particulate metal oxide; a binder; a liquid carrier; and a surface additive.
The composition can be coated on any surface of an electromechanical device such as, but is not limiting to, electrical distribution board, cable, isolator, inverter, variable speed drive, or junction box in which the surface may be made from glass, plastics material, metal, rubber or other suitable material. When the surface of the device is coated, the energy of the atoms of the composition which are vibrating at a predetermined frequency is transferred to the atoms of the coated device, particularly the atoms of the conductive wire. Hence, the atoms of the coated device are induced to vibrate at a similar frequency. Preferably, the atoms of the composition are vibrating at a frequency similar to the natural frequency of the atoms of the device such that when atoms of the device are induced to vibrate, particularly at their natural frequency, resonance may occur. At such frequency, randomly moving electrons of the atoms are aligned to become uniformly moving electrons. The atoms with uniformly moving electrons move in uniform directly and no collision occurs between atoms. Hence, energy loss due to collision of atoms is reduced. Preferably, the atoms of the composition are able to transfer energy in all direction at a distance ranging from 300 mm to 600 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises particles of metal oxide, preferably in a scale of nano size. Smaller particles provide the metal oxide with larger surface area for capturing, holding, and releasing of the vibration energy. The metal for the metal oxide can be selected from the group, but not limiting to, consisting of titanium, silver, copper, tin, or gold. One skilled in the art shall not limit the metal oxide to one type of metal oxide; rather it can be a mixture of two or more types of metal oxide. High electrical conductivity metal is preferred as it can hold higher charge and therefore, higher ability and capacity to hold vibration energy which thereafter is transferred to the coated device. Preferably, the composition comprises 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of metal oxide. The amount of energy transferred to induce resonance may not be sufficient for less than 0.1 parts by weight of metal oxide. However, any amount more than 10 parts by weight of metal oxide would have no or only minimal improvement in the advantageous effect.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the particles of metal oxide are contained within a liquid carrier so that the prepared composition is readily to be applied and coated on a surface. The liquid carrier also acts as a medium of transferring energy from an energy source to the metal oxide or from the metal oxide to the atoms of the device. Any kind of liquid carrier which does not react with the metal oxide can be used. Preferably, the liquid carrier is a silicone oil, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof. More preferably, the alcohol can be selected from isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol, whilst the silicone oil can be selected from hexamethyl disiloxane, octamethyl trisiloxane, decamethylcyclo pentasiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane or octamethylcyclo tetrasiloxane. When a surface is coated with the composition, the presence of silicone oil also provides the surface with a smooth appearance as well as anti-stick characteristics so that dust or other solid impurities will not adhere to the surface. Preferably, the composition comprises 75 to 94 parts by weight of liquid carrier.
As described by the preferred embodiment of the invention, a binder is needed to ensure the coating binds well to the surface to be coated. Preferably, the binder is a silane. More preferably, the silane is an alkyl silane. The alkyl silane can be selected from methyl silane, dimethydiethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, linear dialkylsilane, fluorinated alkyl silane, or cyclic alkylsilane. Any silane binder which can render the composition be cured at room temperature and reduced curing time can be used. Preferably, the composition comprises 0Λ to 30 parts by weight of binder. In accordance to the preferred embodiment of the invention, surface additive is added to further enhance binding of the coating to the surface to be coated. Preferably, the surface additive is an acid to decrease the pH of the composition. When the composition is coated on the surface, the acidic composition may slightly etch the surface and form bonds between the composition and the surface. It shall be noted that the amount of acid added shall not be high to the extent that the pH of the composition falls below 5 or become strongly acidic. It is preferred that the composition has a pH ranging from 5 to 6 which effectively enhance binding of the coating without causing any corrosion to any part of the device. Preferably, the acid can be selected from sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid; or hydrochloric acid. An alkaline composition is not preferred as it may render the coating to be easily detached from the surface due to .
Preferably, the composition comprises 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of surface additive. More preferably, the composition comprises less than 2 parts by weight of surface additive.
A further embodiment of the invention is a method of producing a composition as described in any of the preceding description comprising the steps of mixing the composition homogeneously ; and bombarding the mixture with a vibration force at a frequency of 20-1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles.
In the preferred further embodiment of the invention, the metal oxide, binder, liquid carrier, and surface additive are homogeneously mixed one at a time. The order of mixing is preferred to be binder, surface additive, liquid carrier, and metal oxide. It shall be noted that metal oxide shall not be added before silane in order to achieve a homogeneous mixture. More preferably, the composition is homogenised by an ultrasonic mixer operating at a frequency of 20 kHz to 60 kHz for at least 0.5 hour. However, it is not necessary to mix the composition for more than 2 hours to achieve a homogeneous mixture. Any other method of homogenising the mixture can be adopted. During the homogenisation, nano particulates metal oxide can be further broken down into smaller size with a higher surface area to capture, hold, and release the vibration energy.
According to the preferred further embodiment of the invention, the mixture is subsequently subject to bombardment with a vibration force at a frequency of 20 kHz to 1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles. The vibration force can be provided in any form. However, it shall be noted that the, vibration force shall not be induced by any kind of magnetic field in which the magnetic energy held within the atoms of the composition may cause impairment on the device. Preferably, the vibration force is provided by an ultrasonic means. Sufficiently long period of bombardment time is required so as to allow atoms of the composition, particularly atoms of the metal oxide, to capture and hold the energy from the vibration force for a period of time. Atoms of the composition with the energy are excited to vibrate vigorously for a period of time at a frequency similar to the frequency of the vibration force. Advantageously, the atoms of the composition are able to hold the energy for at least 1 month.
In another further embodiment of the invention, the homogenisation step and bombardment step can be in a single operation in which only ultrasonic treatment is utilised. After mixing the composition, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment where homogenisation and energy capturing occur simultaneously. The ultrasonic frequency is preferably at 20 kHz to 1000 KHz and the treatment is preferably last for at least 12 hours, more preferably for at least 24 hours. However, composition produced using single operation method is prone to have phase separation. Although phase separation may not affect the performance of the compositiori, the aesthetic view of the composition may not be welcome by the user.
Yet in another further embodiment of the invention, the homogenisation step and bombardment step can be in two separate operations even only ultrasonic treatment is utilised. The binder, surface additive, and liquid carrier are mixed and homogenise by ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 20 kHz to 60 kHz for at least 0.5 hour, preferably not more than 2 hours. Subsequently, metal oxide is added to the homogenised mixture. The resultant mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 20 kHz to 1000 kHz for at least 12 hours, more preferably for at least 24 hours.
Although the invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is to be understood that the same is by the way of illustration and example, and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The spirit and scope of the present invention are to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims. EXAMPLE
Example 1 The composition as shown in Table 1 is mixed one by one. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 50 kHz for 24 hours.
Table 1
Figure imgf000009_0001
Example 2
The composition is as shown in Table 2. Methysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, sulphuric acid, and methanol are mixed one by one and homogenised in ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 20 kHz for 1 hour. Copper oxide is added thereafter. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 80 kHz for 24 hours.
Table 2
Material Amount (parts by weight)
Methylsilane 8
Dimethyl diethoxysilane 8
Sulphuric acid 1
Methanol 80.5
Copper oxide 2.5 Example 3
The composition as shown in Table 3 is mixed one by one. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 50 kHz for 24 hours.
Table 3
Figure imgf000010_0001
Example 4 The composition is as shown in Table 2. Dimethyl diethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, sulphuric acid, ethanol, and dimethyl siloxane are mixed one by one and homogenised in ultrasonic mixer at a frequency of 30 kHz for 1 hour. Silver oxide and copper oxide are added thereafter. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 80 kHz for 24 hours.
Table 4
Material Amount (parts by weight)
Dimethyl diethoxysilane 7.5
Tetraethoxysilane 7.5
Sulphuric acid 0.5
Ethanol 75.5
Dimethyl siloxane 3
Silver oxide 3
Copper oxide 3

Claims

A composition for coating on a surface of an electromechanical device or a casing surrounding the device for reducing energy loss from the device comprising
a nano-sized particulate metal oxide;
a binder;
a liquid carrier; and
a surface additive.
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the electromechanical device is an electrical distribution board, a cable, an isolator, an inverter, a variable speed drive, or a junction box.
A composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal oxide is an oxide of platinium, titanium, silver, copper, tin, gold, or a mixture thereof.
A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the binder is a silane.
A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the surface additive is sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid.
A composition according to claim any of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid carrier is a silicone oil, an alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
A composition according to claim 6, wherein the silicone oil is hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, t decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane or octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
8. A composition according to claim 6 or 7 wherein the alcohol is isopropanol, methanol, or ethanol.
9. A composition according to any of the preceding claims comprising 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of metal oxide, 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of binder, 75 to 94 parts by weight of liquid carrier, and 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of surface additive.
10. A method of producing a composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims comprising the steps of
mixing the composition homogeneously; and
bombarding the mixture with a vibration force at a frequency of 20-1000 KHz for at least 12 hours to store energy within the nano particles.
PCT/SG2015/000126 2015-05-19 2015-05-19 A composition for optimising energy usage WO2016186569A1 (en)

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