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WO2016141778A1 - 信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置 - Google Patents

信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016141778A1
WO2016141778A1 PCT/CN2016/070907 CN2016070907W WO2016141778A1 WO 2016141778 A1 WO2016141778 A1 WO 2016141778A1 CN 2016070907 W CN2016070907 W CN 2016070907W WO 2016141778 A1 WO2016141778 A1 WO 2016141778A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna ports
terminal
precoding matrix
network device
antenna
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PCT/CN2016/070907
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏昕
Original Assignee
电信科学技术研究院
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201510333877.7A external-priority patent/CN106209195B/zh
Application filed by 电信科学技术研究院 filed Critical 电信科学技术研究院
Priority to US15/551,275 priority Critical patent/US10181890B2/en
Priority to EP16761005.4A priority patent/EP3267593B1/en
Publication of WO2016141778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141778A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel state information acquiring method, a channel state information feedback method, and a device.
  • the number of antennas of network equipment is relatively small, and it is not a problem for the terminal to measure the complete MIMO channel matrix.
  • the pilot used to measure the channel state information (CSI) usually configures an antenna port for each antenna to transmit a pilot signal.
  • LTE-Advanced is the evolution of LTE, LTE is the abbreviation of Long Term Evolution, Chinese is Long Term Evolution
  • the pilot used to measure CSI is called a reference signal, including a cell reference signal (CRS, Cell Reference Signal) and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).
  • the terminal determines an optimal channel rank indication (RI, Rank Indication), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and a channel quality indicator (CQI) based on the measured CSI, and reports to the network through the feedback channel. device.
  • RI optimal channel rank indication
  • PMI precoding matrix indicator
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • Massive MIMO technology can effectively increase spatial resolution and increase system capacity by arranging large-scale antenna arrays on network devices, usually hundreds of antennas.
  • the antenna is arranged in a two-dimensional uniform rectangular array (URA, Uniform Rectangular Array), high three-dimensional (horizontal and vertical) resolution can be achieved.
  • UAA uniform rectangular array
  • UAA Uniform Rectangular Array
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a channel state information acquisition method, a channel state information feedback method, and a device for implementing feedback and acquisition of channel state information.
  • the terminal performs channel estimation according to the received pilot signal, and obtains channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are A antenna ports for transmitting the pilot signals by the network device;
  • the terminal Determining, by the terminal, the first level precoding matrix indication information according to the Q antenna ports, and feeding back the channel state information CSI including the first level precoding matrix indication information to the network device, where the first level precoding
  • the matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signals.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • a channel estimation unit configured to perform channel estimation according to the received pilot signal, to obtain channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are A antenna ports for transmitting the pilot signals by the network device;
  • a determining unit configured to determine Q antenna ports according to channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, L is a rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal Value, or L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal;
  • a sending unit configured to determine first stage precoding matrix indication information according to the Q antenna ports, and feed back channel state information CSI including the first level precoding matrix indication information to a network device, where the first level The precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signals.
  • the terminal performs channel estimation on the received pilot signal, and determines Q from among the A antenna ports of the network device according to the estimated equivalent channel.
  • the antenna port is measured by the channel state information, thereby obtaining channel state information.
  • the terminal converts the measurement of the MIMO channel matrix into determining the Q for the channel state from among the A antenna ports of the network device.
  • the antenna port of the information measurement is equivalent to the measurement of all pilot antenna port signals of the network device and the selection of the antenna port, thereby determining the channel state information of the terminal.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel state information acquiring method, where the method includes:
  • the network device receives the channel state information CSI fed back by the terminal, where the CSI includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting the pilot signal.
  • the network device determines to transmit a precoding matrix according to the first level precoding matrix.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive channel state information CSI fed back by the terminal, where the CSI includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting An index in the A antenna ports of the frequency signal, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is determined by the Q antenna ports determined by the terminal according to the channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, according to the Q antenna ports.
  • L ⁇ Q ⁇ A L is a value of a rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal, or L is a value of a channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal;
  • a first determining unit configured to determine, according to the received CSI and a beamforming vector corresponding to the A antenna ports, a first level precoding matrix
  • a second determining unit configured to determine, according to the first level precoding matrix, a transmit precoding matrix.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a network device, including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver; wherein the processor is configured to read a program in the memory, and perform the following process: receiving channel state information CSI fed back by the terminal
  • the CSI includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signal, where The first level precoding matrix indication information is based on the terminal After the Q antenna ports determined by the channel estimation values of the A antenna ports are determined according to the Q antenna ports, L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, where L is the rank used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal.
  • Instructing the value of the RI, or L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal; and determining the first level pre-determination according to the received CSI and the beamforming vector corresponding to the A antenna ports.
  • An encoding matrix; determining a transmitting precoding matrix according to the first level precoding matrix; the transceiver is configured to receive and transmit data.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a terminal including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver.
  • the processor is configured to read a program in the memory, and perform the following process: performing channel estimation according to the received pilot signal to obtain channel estimation values of A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are
  • the network device sends the A antenna ports of the pilot signal; and is configured to determine Q antenna ports according to the channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, L is that the network device sends the terminal to the terminal
  • the rank used in the downlink data indicates the value of the RI, or L is the value of the channel rank indicator RI determined by the terminal; and is used to determine the first-level precoding matrix indication information according to the Q antenna ports, and
  • the channel state information CSI including the first level precoding matrix indication information is fed back to the network device, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting A pilot port of the pilot signal.
  • the channel state information fed back by the network device includes at least first level precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is
  • the terminal is determined according to the Q antenna ports determined by the channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, and can reflect the channel state information of each terminal to a certain extent, so that when the foregoing embodiment is applied to the massive MIMO system, the utilization is large.
  • the characteristics of the scale MIMO system simplify the design and implementation of large-scale MIMO systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring channel state information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial range that a spatial beam direction should cover
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a pilot signal on an antenna port of an antenna device in a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a channel state information feedback method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring channel state information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system is taken as an example.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • LTE-Advanced LTE-Advanced
  • all descriptions are directed to one subcarrier unless otherwise specified.
  • the lowercase bold letters represent column vectors
  • the uppercase bold letters represent matrixes.
  • the superscript "T” indicates the transpose of the matrix or vector
  • the superscript "H” indicates the conjugate transpose of the matrix or vector.
  • a method for acquiring channel state information includes:
  • Step 101 The network device receives the CSI fed back by the terminal, where the CSI includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting the pilot signal.
  • the terminal may also send the value of the RI to the network device as part of the CSI.
  • the network device may determine the data layer used when transmitting the downlink data to the terminal according to the value of the received RI (Layer). ) and the number of data layers.
  • the value of L can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the number of data layers and data layers used by the network device to transmit downlink data to the terminal is generally equal to the value of the RI sent by the terminal.
  • Time L is used when the network device sends downlink data to the terminal.
  • the rank indicates the value of RI, or L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal.
  • the number of data layers and data layers used by the network device to transmit downlink data to the terminal may not be equal to the value of the RI sent by the terminal.
  • L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal.
  • Step 102 The network device determines a first-stage precoding matrix according to the received CSI and a beamforming vector corresponding to the A antenna ports.
  • Step 103 The network device determines, according to the first level precoding matrix, a transmit precoding matrix.
  • the network device Before step 101, the network device sends a pilot signal to the terminal through the A antenna ports.
  • the process of the network device sending the pilot signal to the terminal through the A antenna ports is as follows:
  • Step 1 The network device determines A antenna ports that transmit pilot signals, spatial beam directions corresponding to each antenna port, and resources used for transmitting pilot signals, where each antenna port corresponds to a spatial beam direction.
  • the network device needs to determine the antenna corresponding to each pilot port to transmit the pilot signal and the required time-frequency resource, while determining the A antenna ports used for transmitting the pilot signal.
  • Each antenna port corresponds to all or part of the antennas of the network device. If more spatial beam directions need to be formed than the number of configurable antenna ports, multiple sets of pilot processes, such as CSI-RS process (LTE), can be set. All pilot processes are transmitted through orthogonal time-frequency resources. At the same time, all spatial beam directions corresponding to the antenna ports included in all pilot processes should cover the entire space to be covered as much as possible, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the dotted line 201 in Fig. 2 is the spatial extent that all spatial beam directions should cover, and the solid line 202 is the spatial extent covered by a spatial beam direction.
  • the network device can determine the spatial beam direction, the number of beams in each direction, and the beam width corresponding to each antenna port according to the distribution of the terminal.
  • Each antenna port occupies at least one time-frequency resource.
  • each antenna port can occupy more than one time-frequency resource.
  • Step 2 The network device determines, for each antenna port of the A antenna ports, a beamforming vector of the spatial beam direction corresponding to each antenna port in the first dimension, and a beamforming vector in the second dimension, And determining a three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of the beam corresponding to the antenna port according to the beamforming vector in the first dimension and the beamforming vector in the second dimension.
  • N T N x N y
  • the first dimension is a vertical dimension and the second dimension is a horizontal dimension, or the first dimension is a horizontal dimension and the second dimension is a vertical dimension.
  • the antenna port a ⁇ ⁇ A and the antenna corresponding to the antenna port a are all antennas of the network device.
  • the spatial beamforming vector of the spatial beam direction corresponding to the antenna port a in the first dimension is:
  • the corresponding weight of the uth antenna in the first dimension in the antenna port a 1 ⁇ u ⁇ Nx.
  • the spatial beamforming vector of the spatial beam direction corresponding to the antenna port a in the second dimension is:
  • the corresponding weight of the uth antenna in the second dimension in the antenna port a 1 ⁇ u ⁇ Ny.
  • the three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of the beam corresponding to the antenna port a is:
  • Figure 3 illustrates a network device port during a transmit antenna a pilot signal in all N T antennas.
  • the pilot symbol p (a, m) of the antenna port a on the mth time-frequency resource is mapped to each antenna, and each antenna will be based on the shaped weight coefficient on the pilot symbol p (a, m) Perform a multiplication operation to form a pilot signal vector that is shaped by all antenna beams.
  • the corresponding weighting factor for the jth antenna in antenna port a The pilot signal transmitted on the corresponding time-frequency resource of the j-th antenna in the antenna port a, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ N T .
  • the pilot signal sent by the antenna port a on the mth time-frequency resource may also be sent by forming part of the antenna in the spatial beam direction corresponding to the antenna port a, for example, two-dimensionally uniform for cross-polarization.
  • the beamforming vector w (a) only has a shaping weight coefficient on the corresponding partial antenna. among them, For the jth weighting coefficient of the antenna participating in forming the antenna port a, it can be considered that the shaping weight coefficient of the other antennas not participating in the formation of the antenna port a is zero.
  • any antenna port a i , a j ⁇ ⁇ A is transmitted by the antenna of the same polarization direction to form a corresponding spatial beam direction, and the beamforming vector can be written.
  • Step 3 The network device performs beamforming and transmitting on the pilot signal according to the three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of each antenna port of the A antenna ports and the time-frequency resource used by the pilot signal.
  • step 3 the network device transmits a pilot signal of each antenna port through an antenna corresponding to the antenna port.
  • the network device can convert the measurement of the MIMO channel matrix into the measurement and selection of the spatial beam direction by corresponding each antenna port to a spatial beam direction, thereby reducing the overhead of the terminal CSI measurement pilot.
  • the CSI received by the network device includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, and the network device may determine, according to the first level precoding matrix indication information, the A antenna ports that send the pilot signal, and the terminal selects Which Q antenna ports are formed, so that the first stage precoding matrix is formed according to the Q beamforming vectors corresponding to the Q antenna ports selected by the terminal.
  • the CSI received by the network device may further include one or a combination of the following information:
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set.
  • the second precoding matrix is a power level normalized Q ⁇ L dimensional matrix, the present disclosure employed in the embodiment represented by V L.
  • the second-stage precoding matrix V L can be obtained by calculating a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), a matrix composed of L singular vectors corresponding to the largest L singular values, and performing power normalization and quantization processing, or
  • the indication information and the RI are indicated from the second level codebook set according to the second level precoding matrix.
  • the RI is a channel rank indication reported by the terminal to the network device, and the terminal can determine the effective data layer of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) supported by the terminal by reporting the RI.
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • the channel quality indicates CQI
  • the CQI is a quantized value of Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). Determining, by the following manner, the CQI: determining, according to the first-level precoding matrix indication information, a first equivalent channel formed by the Q channel estimation values corresponding to the Q antenna ports, according to the second level precoding matrix indication
  • the information and RI determine a second level precoding matrix, and determine a second equivalent channel according to the first equivalent channel and the second level precoding matrix, according to the second equivalent channel, power of the interference signal, and noise
  • the power of the signal determines the SINR, and the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
  • the Q antenna ports selected by the terminal are a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a Q
  • the second-stage precoding matrix is a Q ⁇ 1 dimensional column vector v 1 , where N R is the receiving antenna of the terminal.
  • the number, SINR can be calculated according to the following formula:
  • ⁇ 1 is the calculated SINR
  • represents the norm of the matrix
  • N R ⁇ Q which is obtained by the terminal directly measuring and selecting the A antenna ports, wherein It is the channel estimation value of the a (a ⁇ ⁇ A ) antenna port, and the dimension is N R ⁇ 1.
  • H is a channel matrix on one subcarrier, and the dimension is N R ⁇ N T .
  • the CSI fed back by the network device includes the first-level precoding matrix indication information, the number Q of antenna ports selected by the terminal, the second-level precoding matrix indication information, the RI, the CQI, and the like.
  • the network device specifies the rank index used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal
  • the CSI fed back by the terminal may not include the number of antenna ports selected by the terminal.
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is included in the number of antenna ports selected by the terminal.
  • step 102 after receiving the CSI including the first-level precoding matrix indication information sent by the terminal, the network device determines, according to the first-level precoding matrix indication information, that the A antenna ports that send the pilot signal are The Q antenna ports selected by the terminal form a first-stage precoding matrix according to the Q beamforming vectors corresponding to the Q antenna ports selected by the terminal.
  • the Q antenna ports selected by the terminal indicated by the first-stage precoding matrix indication information are a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a Q , and then the first-level precoding matrix obtained by the network device is:
  • W 1 is a first-stage precoding matrix
  • w (a) is a beamforming vector corresponding to an antenna port a (a ⁇ ⁇ A ).
  • any one of the antenna ports is transmitted by the antenna of the same polarization direction to form a corresponding spatial beam direction, and the antenna serial number is in a certain dimension in one polarization direction. Sorting, then sorting by the same dimension in another polarization direction, the first level precoding matrix can be further written as:
  • the antenna ports a 1 , . . . , a i correspond to one polarization direction
  • the antenna ports a i+1 , . . . , a Q correspond to another polarization direction.
  • step 103 the network device determines to transmit a precoding matrix according to the first level precoding matrix.
  • the network device may determine to send the precoding matrix according to the following formula:
  • W is the transmission precoding matrix
  • W 1 is the first level precoding matrix
  • the dimension is N T ⁇ Q
  • V L is the second level precoding matrix
  • the dimension is Q ⁇ L
  • L is the value of RI
  • the network device After the network device determines that the precoding matrix is transmitted, the network may be reconstructed according to the sending precoding matrix.
  • the channel matrix of the device to the terminal When the network device needs to reconstruct the channel matrix of the network device to the terminal, the network device can determine the channel matrix of the network device to the terminal according to the following formula:
  • W is the transmit precoding matrix.
  • each antenna port corresponds to a spatial beam direction, so the terminal can convert the MIMO channel matrix measurement into a problem of measuring the spatial beam direction of each terminal.
  • the terminal can select multiple spatial beam directions according to actual conditions, and can calculate channel quality (CQI) according to selected multiple spatial beams.
  • CQI channel quality
  • the number of spatial beams selected by the terminal is much smaller than the number of large-scale antennas of the network device, so that the terminal CSI measurement pilot overhead can be reduced.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel state information feedback method, where the method includes:
  • Step 401 The terminal performs channel estimation according to the received pilot signal, and obtains channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are A antenna ports for transmitting the pilot signals by the network device.
  • Step 402 The terminal determines, according to channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, Q antenna ports, where L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, where L is a rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal. Or, L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal.
  • Step 403 The terminal determines the first-level precoding matrix indication information according to the Q antenna ports, and feeds the CSI including the first-level precoding matrix indication information to the network device, where the first level precoding
  • the matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signals.
  • the process of transmitting the pilot signal by the network device may be as described in FIG. 1 above, and the pilot signal may be sent in other manners, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the pilot signal received by the terminal is sent by the network device through the A antenna ports, where each antenna port of the A antenna ports corresponds to a spatial beam direction, and each antenna port occupies at least one time-frequency resource.
  • each antenna port may occupy more than one time-frequency resource.
  • the three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector corresponding to the spatial beam direction corresponding to each antenna port is determined according to the beamforming vector of the antenna port in the first dimension and the beamforming vector in the second dimension, wherein The first dimension is a vertical dimension, the second dimension is a horizontal dimension, or the first dimension is a horizontal dimension and the second dimension is a vertical dimension.
  • the channel matrix of the network device to the terminal on one subcarrier is a matrix H of N R ⁇ N T dimensions.
  • the terminal receives the pilot signal as a vector of N R ⁇ 1 dimension on the mth time-frequency resource occupied by the antenna port a:
  • s (a, m) is the N T ⁇ 1 dimensional pilot signal vector that is transmitted by the antenna port a on the mth time-frequency resource and all antenna beams are shaped
  • i (a, m) , n (a , m) are N R ⁇ 1 dimensional interference signal vectors and noise signal vectors, respectively.
  • the pilot signal on the time-frequency resource occupied by each antenna port is integrated, and the terminal obtains the A channel estimation values corresponding to the A antenna ports that the network device transmits the pilot signal.
  • the channel estimation value of antenna port a is:
  • w (a) is the three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of antenna port a
  • E (a) is the channel estimation error matrix of antenna port a, a ⁇ ⁇ A .
  • the terminal obtains the channel estimation value of the A antenna ports.
  • step 402 the terminal needs to estimate the channel estimation value of the A antenna ports from the A antennas. Select Q antenna ports in the port to determine the CSI feedback to the network device.
  • the terminal determines the computational complexity of CSI according to the selected Q antenna ports, the terminal can select only one antenna port to determine the CSI.
  • the pilot signal received by the terminal is likely to be a superposition of signals passing through multiple propagation paths. Therefore, in order to obtain a highly accurate CSI, the number of terminals at the antenna port is required.
  • a port wherein a channel throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or a pilot signal received power of the terminal is determined according to a channel estimation value corresponding to the possible antenna port combination.
  • the value of the number of antenna ports is generally greater than or equal to the rank L of the channel and less than or equal to A.
  • the network device may also specify an upper limit of the value range of the number of antenna ports. For example, the number of antenna ports specified by the network device ranges from Q max .
  • the network device can also specify the number of antenna ports to be selected for the terminal.
  • the number of designated antenna ports is Q, and L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, in which case the terminal only needs to select among the A antenna ports.
  • the channel throughput or capacity between the terminal and the network device or the combination of Q antenna ports when the signal receiving power of the terminal is the largest.
  • the network device does not specify the number of the number of antenna ports to be selected or the upper limit of the number of antenna ports, the lower limit of the range of the number of antenna ports selected by the terminal is greater than or equal to L, and the upper limit of the value range is the network.
  • the number of antenna ports on which the device sends pilot signals that is, less than or equal to A.
  • the terminal selects the set ⁇ Q of the Q antenna ports with the highest throughput or capacity among the A antenna ports according to the following method:
  • the function is a function well known to those skilled in the art, and the function will not be described in detail here, only the function of the function is described, and Q max is the antenna selected by the terminal.
  • the upper limit of the value range of the number of ports, L ⁇ Q max ⁇ A, ⁇ k indicates that a set of k antenna ports is selected among A antenna ports, and ⁇ k indicates that when k antenna ports are selected among A antenna ports
  • the set of possible ⁇ k , L ⁇ k ⁇ Q max Indicates a first equivalent channel formed by channel estimation values corresponding to k antenna ports selected among A antenna ports, and V L can be calculated
  • the singular value decomposition obtains a matrix composed of L singular vectors corresponding to the largest L singular values and performs power normalization and quantization processing, and can also be selected from the second-level codebook set, i is an interference signal vector, n For the noise signal vector, P' is the power normalization factor of the precoding matrix.
  • the second-stage precoding matrix degenerates into a Q ⁇ 1 column vector.
  • the above problem can be simplified as selecting channel estimation values from the A antenna ports. The square of the norm is the largest, that is, the antenna port with the highest received power.
  • the terminal calculates each possible antenna port combination in each of the A antenna ports, and then selects a combination of Q antenna ports when the channel throughput or capacity between the terminal and the network device or the signal receiving power of the terminal is maximized.
  • the amount of calculation of the process is very large.
  • the greedy method is used for searching in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the basic idea is to increase the number of antenna ports used one by one until the throughput or capacity or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal no longer increases or reaches. The largest can choose the rank.
  • the detailed description of the greedy law is as follows.
  • the schematic diagram of the greedy method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 Determine a value range of the number of antenna ports used for CSI measurement.
  • Step 503 Calculate, when selecting k antenna ports from the A antenna ports, determine a throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or a pilot signal received power of the terminal, and select a throughput or a combination of antenna ports having the largest capacity of the pilot signal of the terminal or the terminal;
  • Step 504 if k ⁇ Q max , then proceeds to step 505, otherwise proceeds to step 507, Q max is the upper limit of the range of values, L ⁇ Q max ⁇ A;
  • Step 505 If T k >T k-1 , go to step 506, otherwise, go to step 507; wherein Tk is the throughput or capacity or the terminal when k antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports
  • the pilot signal receives the throughput or capacity corresponding to the antenna port combination with the highest power or the pilot signal received power of the terminal, and T k-1 is when k-1 antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports.
  • Step 507 Determine an antenna port in the antenna port combination in which the currently determined throughput or capacity or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal is the largest, as an antenna port for CSI measurement.
  • the terminal After the terminal determines the Q antenna ports for CSI measurement, it can determine the CSI fed back to the network device. Specifically, in step 403, the CSI determined by the terminal includes at least first stage precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports used for CSI measurement are in the transmission guide. The index in the A antenna ports of the frequency signal. Further, the CSI determined by the terminal may further include one or a combination of the following information:
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set;
  • the second level precoding matrix V L is power return a matrix of Q ⁇ L dimensions;
  • the second-stage precoding matrix V L can be obtained by calculating a singular value decomposition, a matrix composed of L singular vectors corresponding to the largest L singular values, and performing power normalization and quantization processing. , can also be selected from the second level codebook set;
  • the RI is a channel rank indication reported by the terminal to the network device, and the terminal reports the effective data layer of the PDSCH supported by the network device terminal by reporting the RI;
  • the CQI may be determined according to the following manner: determining, according to the first-level precoding matrix indication information, a first equivalent channel formed by the Q channel estimation values corresponding to the Q antenna ports, according to the second level pre- Encoding matrix indication information and the RI determining a second level precoding matrix, determining a second equivalent channel according to the first equivalent channel and the second level precoding matrix, according to the second equivalent channel, interference
  • the power of the signal and the power of the noise signal determine the SINR
  • the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
  • the CSI fed back by the terminal includes the first-level precoding matrix indication information and the terminal selection.
  • the network device specifies that the RI value of the downlink data sent by the network device to the terminal is 1, and the terminal specifies that only one antenna port can be selected for CSI measurement in the A antenna ports, the terminal feeds back to the network.
  • the CSI of the device may not include the number Q of antenna ports selected by the terminal, and the second-level precoding matrix indication information.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a network device and a terminal.
  • the specific content of the network device and the terminal may be implemented by referring to the foregoing method, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:
  • the receiving unit 601 is configured to receive channel state information CSI fed back by the terminal, where the CSI includes at least first level precoding matrix indication information, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting.
  • An index in the A antenna ports of the pilot signal, the first level precoding matrix indication information is determined according to the Q antenna ports determined by the channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, and determined according to the Q antenna ports
  • L ⁇ Q ⁇ A L is a value of a rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal, or L is a value of a channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal;
  • a first determining unit 602 configured to determine, according to the received CSI and a beamforming vector corresponding to the A antenna ports, a first level precoding matrix
  • the second determining unit 603 is configured to determine, according to the first level precoding matrix, a transmit precoding matrix.
  • the CSI received by the receiving unit 601 further includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set
  • the channel quality indicates the CQI.
  • the second determining unit 603 is specifically configured to:
  • the transmitting precoding matrix is determined according to the following formula:
  • W is the precoding matrix
  • W. 1 is a first stage of the pre-coding matrix
  • V L is the second level pre-coding matrix
  • the second stage pre-coding matrix by said second pre-coding stage The matrix indicates the matrix indicated by the information, Is the power normalization factor.
  • the receiving unit 601 is further configured to:
  • the network device determines A antenna ports that transmit pilot signals, a transmit antenna corresponding to each antenna port, a spatial beam, and a resource used for transmitting a pilot signal, where each antenna port corresponds to one spatial beam;
  • the network device beamforms the pilot signal according to a three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of each antenna port of the A antenna port and a resource used by the pilot signal, and transmits the pilot signal in all or part of the transmitting antenna.
  • the first determining unit 602 is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the spatial beam corresponding to each antenna port, the number of beams in each direction, and the beam width are determined.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • the channel estimation unit 701 is configured to perform channel estimation according to the received pilot signal, to obtain channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are A antenna ports for transmitting the pilot signals by the network device;
  • a determining unit 702 configured to determine Q antenna ports according to channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, L is a rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal Or, L is the value of the channel rank indication RI determined by the terminal;
  • the sending unit 703 is configured to determine first stage precoding matrix indication information according to the Q antenna ports, and feed back channel state information CSI including the first level precoding matrix indication information to the network device, where the first The precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signals.
  • the CSI that is sent by the sending unit 703 to the network device further includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • Second stage precoding matrix indication information the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate An index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set;
  • the channel quality indicates the CQI.
  • the CQI is determined according to the following manner:
  • the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
  • the determining unit 702 is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot signal of the terminal receives the Q antenna ports with the highest power, wherein the channel throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or the pilot signal received power of the terminal is corresponding according to the possible antenna port combination.
  • the channel estimate is determined.
  • the determining unit 702 is specifically configured to:
  • Step A determining a value range of the number of antenna ports used for CSI measurement
  • Step C Calculate the throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or the pilot signal received power of the terminal when selecting k antenna ports from the A antenna ports, and select the throughput or a combination of antenna ports having the largest capacity of the pilot signal of the terminal or the terminal;
  • Step D if k ⁇ Q max , then proceeds to step E, otherwise proceeds to step G, Q max is the upper limit of the range of values, L ⁇ Q max ⁇ A;
  • Step E if T k >T k-1 , proceed to step F, otherwise, go to step G; wherein T k is the throughput or capacity when the k antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports
  • the pilot signal of the terminal receives the throughput or capacity corresponding to the antenna port combination with the highest power receiving power or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal, and T k-1 is when k-1 antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports.
  • Step G Determine an antenna port in the antenna port combination in which the currently determined throughput or capacity or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal is the largest, as an antenna port for CSI measurement.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a network device and a terminal.
  • the specific content of the network device and the terminal may be implemented by referring to the foregoing method, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including:
  • the processor 800 is configured to read a program in the memory 820, and perform the following process: receiving channel state information CSI fed back by the terminal, where the CSI includes at least first level precoding matrix indication information, the first level The precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the Q antenna ports in the A antenna ports that transmit the pilot signals, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is Q determined according to channel estimation values of the A antenna ports.
  • L is the value of the rank indication RI used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal, or L is the Determining, by the terminal, a channel rank indicating value of the RI; determining, according to the received CSI and a beamforming vector corresponding to the A antenna ports, a first level precoding matrix; according to the first level precoding matrix Determining a transmission precoding matrix;
  • the transceiver 810 is configured to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 800.
  • the CSI received by the transceiver 810 further includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set
  • the channel quality indicates the CQI.
  • processor 800 is specifically configured to:
  • the transmitting precoding matrix is determined according to the following formula:
  • W is the precoding matrix
  • W. 1 is a first stage of the pre-coding matrix
  • V L is the second level pre-coding matrix
  • the second stage pre-coding matrix by said second pre-coding stage The matrix indicates the matrix indicated by the information, Is the power normalization factor.
  • processor 800 is further configured to:
  • a antenna ports for transmitting pilot signals corresponding transmit antennas for each antenna port, spatial beams, and resources for transmitting pilot signals, where each antenna port corresponds to one spatial beam;
  • the pilot signal is beamformed and transmitted in all or part of the transmit antenna based on the three-dimensional spatial beamforming vector of each of the A antenna ports and the resources used by the pilot signals.
  • processor 800 is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the spatial beam corresponding to each antenna port, the number of beams in each direction, and the beam width are determined.
  • the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 800 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 820.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 810 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 800 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 820 can store data used by the processor 800 in performing operations.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • the processor 900 is configured to read a program in the memory 920, and perform the following process: performing channel estimation according to the received pilot signal to obtain channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where the A antenna ports are network devices Transmitting A antenna ports of the pilot signal; determining Q antenna ports according to channel estimation values of the A antenna ports, where L ⁇ Q ⁇ A, L is the network design
  • the value of the rank indicator RI used when the terminal sends the downlink data, or L is the value of the channel rank indicator RI determined by the terminal; and is used to determine the first level precoding according to the Q antenna ports.
  • the matrix indicates information, and the channel state information CSI including the first level precoding matrix indication information is fed back to the network device, where the first level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate that the Q antenna ports are transmitting pilots.
  • the transceiver 910 is configured to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 900.
  • the CSI fed back to the network device by the transceiver 910 further includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • the second level precoding matrix indication information is used to indicate an index of the second level precoding matrix in the second level codebook set
  • the channel quality indicates the CQI.
  • the CQI is determined according to the following manner:
  • the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
  • the processor 900 is specifically configured to:
  • the pilot signal of the terminal receives the Q antenna ports with the highest power, wherein the channel throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or the pilot signal received power of the terminal is corresponding according to the possible antenna port combination.
  • the channel estimate is determined.
  • the processor 900 is specifically configured to:
  • Step A determining a value range of the number of antenna ports used for CSI measurement
  • Step C Calculate the throughput or capacity corresponding to each possible antenna port combination or the pilot signal received power of the terminal when selecting k antenna ports from the A antenna ports, and select the throughput or a combination of antenna ports having the largest capacity of the pilot signal of the terminal or the terminal;
  • Step D if k ⁇ Q max , then proceeds to step E, otherwise proceeds to step G, Q max is the upper limit of the range of values, L ⁇ Q max ⁇ A;
  • Step E if T k >T k-1 , proceed to step F, otherwise, go to step G; wherein T k is the throughput or capacity when the k antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports
  • the pilot signal of the terminal receives the throughput or capacity corresponding to the antenna port combination with the highest power receiving power or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal, and T k-1 is when k-1 antenna ports are selected from the A antenna ports.
  • Step G Determine an antenna port in the antenna port combination in which the currently determined throughput or capacity or the pilot signal receiving power of the terminal is the largest, as an antenna port for CSI measurement.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 900 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 920.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 910 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the user interface 930 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 900 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 920 can store data used by the processor 900 in performing operations.
  • the terminal selects at least one antenna port from the A antenna ports that send the pilot signal from the network device, which reduces the overhead of the CSI measurement pilot and ensures as much as possible.
  • a certain CSI measurement accuracy simplifies system design.
  • the number of selected antenna ports is much smaller than the number of large-scale antennas of the network equipment, so the CSI measurement pilot overhead can be reduced, and the terminal can also select multiple spatial beam directions and their optimal weighting coefficients to more accurately estimate the CSI. .
  • embodiments of the present disclosure can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本公开公开了信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置，包括：终端根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；所述终端根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；所述终端根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。

Description

信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2015年3月6日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201510101468.4以及在2015年6月16日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201510333877.7的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置。
背景技术
现有基于频分双工(FDD，Frequency Division Duplexing)的多输入多输出(MIMO，Multi-input Multi-output)天线系统中，网络设备的天线数目比较少，终端测量完整的MIMO信道矩阵不成问题。用于测量信道状态信息(CSI，Channel State Information)的导频通常为每根天线配置一个天线端口(antenna port)发送导频信号。
在LTE-Advanced(LTE-Advanced是LTE的演进，LTE是Long Term Evolution的英文缩写，中文为长期演进)系统中将用于测量CSI的导频称之为参考信号，包括小区参考信号(CRS，Cell Reference Signal)和信道状态信息参考信号(CSI-RS)。终端基于测量的CSI确定最优的信道秩指示(RI，Rank Indication)、预编码矩阵指示(PMI，Precoding Matrix Indicator)和信道质量指示(CQI，Channel Quality Indicator)等，并通过反馈信道报告给网络设备。
大规模MIMO技术通过在网络设备架设大规模天线阵列，通常为成百上千根天线，能够有效提高空间分辨率，提升系统容量。当天线布置为二维均匀矩形阵列(URA，Uniform Rectangular Array)时，便可实现很高的三维空间(水平和垂直方向)分辨率。
目前，针对大规模MIMO系统尚未有CSI反馈以及获取的技术方案。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种信道状态信息获取方法、信道状态信息反馈方法及装置，用以实现信道状态信息的反馈和获取。
本公开实施例提供的一种信道状态信息反馈方法包括：
终端根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；
所述终端根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
所述终端根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
本公开实施例提供一种终端，包括：
信道估计单元，用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；
确定单元，用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
发送单元，用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
根据本公开实施例提供的信道状态信息反馈方法、终端，终端通过对接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，并根据估计出的等效信道从网络设备的A个天线端口中确定出Q个用于信道状态信息测量的天线端口，从而获得信道状态信息。将上述实施例应用于MIMO信道矩阵测量过程中时，终端将MIMO信道矩阵的测量转化为从网络设备的A个天线端口中确定Q个用于信道状态 信息测量的天线端口，等价于对网络设备所有导频天线端口信号的测量和天线端口的选择，从而确定出终端的信道状态信息。
本公开实施例提供一种信道状态信息获取方法，该方法包括：
网络设备接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是终端根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
所述网络设备根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；
所述网络设备根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
本公开实施例提供一种网络设备，包括：
接收单元，用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是终端根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
第一确定单元，用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；
第二确定单元，用于根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
本公开实施例还提供一种网络设备，包括处理器、存储器和收发机；其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是终端根据 A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵；所述收发机用于接收和发送数据。
本公开实施例还提供一种终端，包括处理器、存储器和收发机。其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引；所述收发机用于接收和发送数据。
根据本公开实施例提供的信道状态信息获取方法、网络设备，网络设备接收到的终端反馈的信道状态信息中至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，该第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是由终端根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口确定出的，能够在一定程度上反映每个终端的信道状态信息，从而使得将上述实施例应用于大规模MIMO系统时，利用大规模MIMO系统的特点，简化大规模MIMO系统的设计实现。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种信道状态信息获取方法流程示意图；
图2为空间波束方向应该覆盖的空间范围示意图；
图3为本公开实施例中网络设备中天线端口在所有天线上发送导频信号的过程示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种信道状态信息反馈方法流程示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的一种获取信道状态信息的方法的流程示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种终端的结构图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种基站的结构图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种用户设备的结构图。
具体实施方式
本公开实施例中以正交频分复用(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)系统为例进行描述，例如LTE-Advanced系统，在没有特别说明的情况下所有描述均针对一个子载波。本公开实施例中，小写粗体字母表示列向量，大写粗体字母表示矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000001
表示克罗内克(Kronecker)积，上标“T”表示矩阵或向量的转置，上标“H”表示矩阵或向量的共轭转置。
如图1所示，本公开实施例提供的一种信道状态信息获取方法，该方法包括：
步骤101：网络设备接收终端反馈的CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值。
需要说明的是，终端确定出的RI的取值的方法有多种，本公开实施例对此并不限定。终端在确定出RI的取值之后，还可能会将RI的取值作为CSI的一部分发送给网络设备，网络设备可以根据接收到RI的取值确定对终端发送下行数据时采用的数据层(Layer)及数据层数。
L的取值可以根据实际情况确定。
举例来说，在SU-MIMO(Single-User MIMO，单用户MIMO)系统中，网络设备对终端发送下行数据时采用的数据层及数据层数一般与终端发送的为RI的取值相等，此时L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的 秩指示RI的取值，或者L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值。
举例来说，在MU-MIMO(Multi-User MIMO，多用户MIMO)系统中，网络设备对终端发送下行数据时采用的数据层及数据层数有可能与终端发送的RI的取值不相等，此时L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值。
步骤102：所述网络设备根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵。
步骤103：所述网络设备根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
步骤101之前，网络设备通过A个天线端口发送导频信号给终端。
可选地，网络设备通过A个天线端口发送导频信号给终端的过程如下：
步骤一、网络设备确定发送导频信号的A个天线端口、每个天线端口对应的空间波束方向以及发送导频信号所用的资源，其中，每个天线端口对应一个空间波束方向。
具体的，在步骤一中，网络设备在确定出发送导频信号所用的A个天线端口的同时，需要确定每个天线端口发送导频信号所对应的天线以及所需的时频资源。每个天线端口对应网络设备的所有或部分天线，如果需要形成的空间波束方向多于可配置的天线端口数，可以设置多组导频进程，如LTE的CSI-RS进程(CSI-RS process)以通过正交的时频资源发送所有导频进程。同时，所有导频进程包含的天线端口对应的所有空间波束方向应该尽量覆盖整个需要覆盖的空间，具体如图2所示。图2中虚线201为所有空间波束方向应该覆盖的空间范围，实线202为一个空间波束方向覆盖的空间范围。
网络设备可根据终端的分布，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束方向、各个方向的波束数量以及波束宽度。每个天线端口占用至少一个时频资源，当多个天线端口采用码分复用(CDM，Code Division Multiple)方式时，每个天线端口占用的时频资源可大于1个。
步骤二、网络设备针对A个天线端口中的每个天线端口，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束方向在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量，并根据第一维度上的波束赋形向量和所述第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定天线端口对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量。
在大规模MIMO系统下，网络设备布置的天线阵列一般为二维均匀矩形阵列，共包含NT根发射天线，第一维度上和第二维度上分别有Nx和Ny根天线，则有NT＝NxNy，其中，第一维度为垂直维度、第二维度为水平维度，或者，第一维度为水平维度、第二维度为垂直维度。
在步骤二中，网络设备发送导频信号时，所有导频进程包含的A个天线端口的集合为ωA＝{1，2，…，A}，对于任意天线端口a∈ωA占用M≥1个时频资源。下面以天线端口a∈ωA，且天线端口a对应的天线为网络设备的所有天线为例进行描述。
天线端口a对应的天线为网络设备的所有天线时，天线端口a对应的空间波束方向在第一维度上的空间波束赋形向量为：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000002
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000003
为第一维度上第u个天线在天线端口a中对应的赋形权重，1≤u≤Nx。
天线端口a对应的空间波束方向在第二维度上的空间波束赋形向量为：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000005
为第二维度上第u个天线在天线端口a中对应的赋形权重，1≤u≤Ny。
那么该天线端口a对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量为：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000006
那么该天线端口a在第m个时频资源上发送的经过所有天线波束赋形的导频信号向量为s(a，m)＝w(a)p(a，m)，其中，p(a，m)为在第m个时频资源上的导频符号。
具体的，如图3所示，图3示意出了网络设备中天线端口a在所有NT个天线上发送导频信号的过程。图3中，天线端口a在第m个时频资源上的导频符号p(a，m)，映射到每根天线时，每根天线会根据赋形权重系数对导频符号p(a，m)进行相乘运算，形成经过所有天线波束赋形的导频信号向量。图3中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000007
为第j个天线在天线端口a中对应的赋形权重系数，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000008
为第j个天线在天线端口a中对应的时频资源上发送的导频信号，1≤j≤NT。
在步骤二中，天线端口a在第m个时频资源上发送的导频信号，也可以通过形成该天线端口a对应的空间波束方向上的部分天线发送，例如，针对交叉极化二维均匀矩形天线阵列的天线端口的一种设计实现中，全部或部分相同极化方向的天线。
当天线端口a对应的天线为网络设备的部分天线时，波束赋形向量w(a)仅在对应的部分天线上存在赋形权重系数
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000009
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000010
为第j个参与形成天线端口a的天线的赋形权重系数，可以认为其它未参与形成天线端口a的天线的赋形权重系数为0。例如交叉极化二维均匀矩形天线阵列的天线端口的设计实现中，任意天线端口ai，aj∈ωA由相同极化方向的天线发送形成对应的空间波束方向，波束赋形向量可以写作如下形式：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000012
其中
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000013
分别表示两个极化方向对应天线端口ai、aj的波束赋形向量，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000014
分别表示天线端口ai对应的极化方向上的第一维度和第二维度的波束赋形向量，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000015
分别表示天线端口aj对应的极化方向上的第一维度和第二维度的波束赋形向量。
步骤三、网络设备根据A个天线端口中每个天线端口的三维空间波束赋形向量以及导频信号所用的时频资源，对导频信号进行波束赋形并发送。
在步骤三中，网络设备将每个天线端口的导频信号通过与该天线端口对应的天线发送。
根据以上描述的过程，网络设备通过将每个天线端口对应一个空间波束方向，可以使得终端对MIMO信道矩阵的测量转化为对空间波束方向的测量和选择，降低了终端CSI测量导频的开销。
步骤101中，网络设备接收到的CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，网络设备根据第一级预编码矩阵指示信息可以确定出在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中，终端选取的是哪Q个天线端口，从而根据终端选择的Q个天线端口所对应的Q个波束赋形向量形成第一级预编码矩阵。
进一步地，网络设备接收到的CSI中还可包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引。第二级预编码矩阵是功率归一化的Q×L维的矩阵，本公开实施例中采用VL表示。第二级预编码矩阵VL可以由计算奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition，SVD)获得，对应最大L个奇异值的L个奇异向量组成的矩阵并进行功率归一化和量化处理得到，也可以根据第二级预编码矩阵指示信息与RI从第二级码本集合中指示出。
RI，该RI为终端上报给网络设备的信道秩指示，终端通过上报RI使得网络设备能够确定终端支持的物理下行共享信道(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，PDSCH)的有效的数据层数。终端确定出上报给网络设备的秩指示的方法有多种，本公开实施例对此并不限定，在此不再赘述。
信道质量指示CQI，CQI为信干噪比(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，SINR)的量化值。根据以下方式确定所述CQI：根据第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道，根据所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和RI确定第二级预编码矩阵，根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道，根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定SINR，根据所述SINR确定出所述CQI。
当秩为1时，终端选择的Q个天线端口为a1，a2，…，aQ，第二级预编码矩阵为Q×1维的列向量v1，其中NR是终端的接收天线数，SINR可根据以下公式计算得到：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000016
其中，γ1为计算得到的SINR，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000017
为干扰信号的功率，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000018
为噪声信号的功率，||·||表示矩阵的范数，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000019
为第一等效信道，维数为NR×Q，它是由终端通过对A个天线端口直接测量并选择而获得的，其中
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000020
为第a(a∈ωA)个天线端口的信道估计值，维数为NR×1。H为一个子载波上的信道矩阵，维数是NR×NT。
一般情况下，网络设备接收到的终端反馈的CSI包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息、终端选择的天线端口的数量Q、第二级预编码矩阵指示信息、RI、CQI等。当网络设备指定了网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指 示RI的取值为1，且指定了终端在测量A个天线端口后只能选择1个天线端口，即Q＝1，此时终端反馈的CSI中可以不包括终端选择的天线端口的数量Q，以及第二级预编码矩阵指示信息。
在步骤102中，网络设备在接收到终端发送的包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的CSI之后，根据第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，确定出在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中，终端选择的Q个天线端口，并根据终端选择的Q个天线端口所对应的Q个波束赋形向量形成第一级预编码矩阵。
具体的，第一级预编码矩阵指示信息指示的终端选取的Q个天线端口为a1，a2，…，aQ，那么网络设备获得的第一级预编码矩阵为：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000021
其中，W1为第一级预编码矩阵，w(a)为天线端口a(a∈ωA)对应的波束赋形向量。
在交叉极化二维均匀矩形天线阵列的天线端口的设计实现中，任意一个天线端口由相同极化方向的天线发送形成对应的空间波束方向，且天线序号按一个极化方向上的某一维度排序，然后是另一个极化方向上的相同维度排序，第一级预编码矩阵可以进一步写为以下形式：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000022
这里，天线端口a1，…，ai对应一个极化方向，天线端口ai+1，…，aQ对应另一个极化方向。
在步骤103中，网络设备根据第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
具体的，网络设备可根据以下公式确定发送预编码矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000023
其中，W为发送预编码矩阵，W1为第一级预编码矩阵，维数为NT×Q，VL为第二级预编码矩阵，维数为Q×L，其中L为RI的值，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000024
为功率归一化因子。
网络设备确定出发送预编码矩阵之后，可以根据发送预编码矩阵重构网 络设备到终端的信道矩阵。当网络设备需要重构网络设备到终端的信道矩阵时，网络设备可根据以下公式确定网络设备到终端的信道矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000025
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000026
为信道矩阵，W为发送预编码矩阵。
基于上面描述的网络设备在A个天线端口中发送的导频信号，每个天线端口对应一个空间波束方向，因此终端可以将MIMO信道矩阵测量转化为测量每个终端所处的空间波束方向的问题。终端可以根据实际情况选择多个空间波束方向，并可根据选择的多个空间波束计算信道质量(CQI)。通常终端选择的空间波束的数目远远小于网络设备的大规模天线数，因此可以降低终端CSI测量导频开销。
如图4所示，本公开实施例提供一种信道状态信息反馈方法，该方法包括：
步骤401：终端根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口。
步骤402：所述终端根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值。
需要说明的是，终端确定出的RI的取值的方法有多种，本公开实施例对此并不限定。
L的取值可以参考步骤101中的描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤403：所述终端根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
上述流程中，网络设备发送导频信号的过程可如前述图1所述，也可采用其它方式发送导频信号，本公开实施例对此不作限制。
本公开实施例中，终端的接收天线数为NR，NR大于等于1，同时，占用第m个时频资源的天线端口a属于网络设备的A个天线端口的集合 ωA＝{1，2，…，A}，且天线端口a对应的天线为网络设备中所有的NT根发射天线，该NT根发射天线为同极化的二维均匀矩形阵列；或者发射天线为交叉极化二维均匀矩形阵列，天线端口a对应的天线为网络设备中相同的极化方向天线。同时，天线端口a对应的导频符号为归一化功率。
在步骤401中，终端接收到的导频信号为网络设备通过A个天线端口发送，其中，A个天线端口中的每个天线端口对应一个空间波束方向，每个天线端口占用至少一个时频资源，当多个天线端口采用码分复用方式时，每个天线端口占用的时频资源可大于1个。同时每个天线端口对应的空间波束方向对应的三维空间波束赋形向量是根据该天线端口在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定的，其中，第一维度为垂直维度、第二维度为水平维度，或者，第一维度为水平维度、第二维度为垂直维度。
天线端口a(a∈ωA)在第m个时频资源上发送的经过所有天线波束赋形的导频信号向量为s(a，m)＝w(a)p(a，m)，其中，w(a)为天线端口a对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量，p(a，m)为在第m个时频资源上的导频符号。此时，网络设备到终端在一个子载波上的信道矩阵为NR×NT维的矩阵H。终端在天线端口a占用的第m个时频资源上，接收到的导频信号为NR×1维的向量：
r(a，m)＝Hs(a，m)+i(a，m)+n(a，m)＝Hw(a)p(a，m)+i(a，m)+n(a，m)…………(11)
其中，s(a，m)为天线端口a在第m个时频资源上发送的经过所有天线波束赋形的NT×1维的导频信号向量，i(a，m)、n(a，m)分别为NR×1维的干扰信号向量和噪声信号向量。
综合每个天线端口占用的时频资源的上的导频信号，终端得到网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口对应的A个信道估计值。天线端口a的信道估计值为：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000027
其中，w(a)为天线端口a的三维空间波束赋形向量，E(a)为天线端口a的信道估计误差矩阵，a∈ωA。终端得到A个天线端口的信道估计值
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000029
在步骤402中，终端需要根据A个天线端口的信道估计值，从A个天线 端口中选择Q个天线端口，以便确定出CSI反馈给网络设备。
考虑到终端在根据选择的Q个天线端口确定CSI的计算复杂度，终端可以只选择一个天线端口去确定CSI。但是，考虑到传播路径上存在的很多散射体，终端接收到的导频信号很可能是经过多条传播路径的信号的叠加，因此为了获得准确性较高的CSI，需要终端在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得终端与网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，其中，每种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率根据该种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道估计值确定。
天线端口的数量的取值范围内一般为大于或等于信道的秩L，且小于或等于A，网络设备也可以指定天线端口的数量的取值范围的上限。例如，网络设备指定天线端口的数量的取值范围为Qmax。
同时，网络设备也可以为终端指定出需要选择的天线端口的数量，例如，指定的天线端口的数量为Q，且L≤Q≤A，此时终端只需在A个天线端口中选择出使得终端与网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或终端的信号接收功率最大时的Q个天线端口组合。网络设备未指定需要选择的天线端口的数量或天线端口的数量的取值范围的上限时，终端选择的天线端口的数量的取值范围的下限为大于或等于L，取值范围的上限为网络设备发送导频信号的天线端口数量，即小于或等于A。
无论网络设备是否为终端指定出需要选择的天线端口的数量，在A个天线端口中都有很多种天线端口的组合供终端选择。下面以计算终端与网络设备之间的吞吐量或容量为例，终端在A个天线端口中选择出吞吐量或容量最大的Q个天线端口的集合ωQ根据以下方法确定：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000030
其中，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000031
为计算终端与网络设备之间的吞吐量或容量的函数，该函数为本领域技术人员公知的函数，在此不再详细描述该函数， 只描述该函数的功能，Qmax为终端选择的天线端口的数量的取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A，ωk表示在A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口的集合，Ωk表示在A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时所有可能的ωk的集合，L≤k≤Qmax，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000032
表示在A个天线端口中选择的k个天线端口对应的信道估计值构成的第一等效信道，VL可以由计算
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000033
的奇异值分解获得，对应最大L个奇异值的L个奇异向量组成的矩阵并进行功率归一化和量化处理得到，也可以从第二级码本集合中选择，i为干扰信号向量，n为噪声信号向量，P′为预编码矩阵的功率归一化因子。
当L＝1时，第二级预编码矩阵退化为Q×1的列向量。当L＝1且网络设备指定Qmax＝1时，第二级预编码矩阵则进一步退化为标量v1＝1，此时，上述问题便可简化为从A个天线端口中选择信道估计值的范数平方最大，即接收功率最大的天线端口。
终端通过计算每个A个天线端口中每个可能的天线端口组合，然后选择一个使得终端与网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或终端的信号接收功率最大时的Q个天线端口组合，这个过程的计算量非常大。为了降低计算复杂度，本公开实施例中采用贪婪法进行搜索，其基本思想是逐一增加使用的天线端口的数量，直到吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率不再增加或达到最大的可选择秩为止。具体的，贪婪法的详细描述如下。
如图5所示，本公开实施例提供的贪婪法流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
步骤501、确定用于CSI测量的天线端口的数量的取值范围；
步骤502、设k＝1，T0＝0；
步骤503、计算出从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，确定每一种可能的天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，并选择其中吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合；
步骤504、若k＜Qmax，则转入步骤505，否则转入步骤507，Qmax为所述 取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A；
步骤505、若Tk＞Tk-1，则转入步骤506，否则，转入步骤507；其中，Tk为从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，Tk-1为从A个天线端口中选择k-1个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率；
步骤506、设k＝k+1，并转入步骤503；
步骤507、将当前确定出的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的天线端口组合中的天线端口，确定为用于CSI测量的天线端口。
终端确定出用于CSI测量的Q个天线端口之后，便可以确定反馈给网络设备的CSI。具体的，在步骤403中，终端确定出的CSI中至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述用于CSI测量的Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。进一步地，终端确定出的CSI中还可以包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；第二级预编码矩阵VL是功率归一化的Q×L维的矩阵；第二级预编码矩阵VL可以由计算奇异值分解获得，对应最大L个奇异值的L个奇异向量组成的矩阵并进行功率归一化和量化处理得到，也可以从第二级码本集合中选择；
RI，该RI为终端上报给网络设备的信道秩指示，终端通过上报RI通过网络设备终端支持的PDSCH的有效的数据层数；
CQI；可以根据以下方式确定所述CQI：根据第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道，根据所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和所述RI确定第二级预编码矩阵，根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道，根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定SINR，根据所述SINR确定出所述CQI。
一般情况下，终端反馈的CSI包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息、终端选 择的天线端口的数量Q、第二级预编码矩阵指示信息、RI、信道质量指示CQI等。当网络设备指定了网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的RI的取值为1，且指定了终端在A个天线端口中只能选择1个天线端口进行CSI测量时，终端反馈给网络设备的CSI中可以不包括终端选择的天线端口的数量Q，以及第二级预编码矩阵指示信息。
针对上述方法流程，本公开实施例还提供一种网络设备和一种终端，该网络设备和终端的具体内容可以参照上述方法实施，在此不再赘述。
如图6所示，本公开实施例提供一种网络设备，包括：
接收单元601，用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
第一确定单元602，用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；
第二确定单元603，用于根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
可选的，所述接收单元601接收到的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
RI；
信道质量指示CQI。
可选的，所述第二确定单元603具体用于：
根据以下公式确定所述发送预编码矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000034
其中，W为所述发送预编码矩阵，W1为所述第一级预编码矩阵，VL为第二级预编码矩阵，所述第二级预编码矩阵是由所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信 息所指示出的矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000035
为功率归一化因子。
可选的，所述接收单元601还用于：
所述网络设备确定发送导频信号的A个天线端口、每个天线端口对应的发射天线、空间波束以及发送导频信号所用的资源，其中，每个天线端口对应一个空间波束；
所述网络设备针对所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量，并根据所述第一维度上的波束赋形向量和所述第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定天线端口对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量；
所述网络设备根据所述A天线端口中的每个天线端口的三维空间波束赋形向量以及导频信号所用的资源，对导频信号进行波束赋形并在全部或部分发射天线发送。
可选的，所述第一确定单元602具体用于：
根据终端的分布，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束的方向、各个方向的波束数量以及波束宽度。
如图7所示，本公开实施例提供一种终端，包括：
信道估计单元701，用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；
确定单元702，用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
发送单元703，用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
可选的，所述发送单元703反馈给网络设备的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示 第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
RI；
信道质量指示CQI。
可选的，所述CQI是根据以下方式确定出来的：
根据所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道；
根据所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和所述RI确定第二级预编码矩阵；
根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道；
根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定信干噪比SINR；
根据所述SINR确定所述CQI。
可选的，所述确定单元702具体用于：
在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所述所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得所述终端与所述网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，其中，每种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率根据该种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道估计值确定。
可选的，所述确定单元702具体用于：
根据以下步骤确定Q个天线端口：
步骤A、确定用于CSI测量的天线端口的数量的取值范围；
步骤B、设k＝1，T0＝0；
步骤C、计算出从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，确定每一种可能的天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，并选择其中吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合；
步骤D、若k＜Qmax，则转入步骤E，否则转入步骤G，Qmax为所述取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A；
步骤E、若Tk＞Tk-1，则转入步骤F，否则，转入步骤G；其中，Tk为从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号 接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，Tk-1为从A个天线端口中选择k-1个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率；
步骤F、设k＝k+1，并转入步骤C；
步骤G、将当前确定出的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的天线端口组合中的天线端口，确定为用于CSI测量的天线端口。
针对上述方法流程，本公开实施例还提供一种网络设备和一种终端，该网络设备和终端的具体内容可以参照上述方法实施，在此不再赘述。
如图8所示，本公开实施例提供一种网络设备，包括：
处理器800，用于读取存储器820中的程序，执行下列过程：用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵；
收发机810，用于在处理器800的控制下接收和发送数据。
可选的，所述收发机810接收到的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
RI；
信道质量指示CQI。
可选的，所述处理器800具体用于：
根据以下公式确定所述发送预编码矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000036
其中，W为所述发送预编码矩阵，W1为所述第一级预编码矩阵，VL为第 二级预编码矩阵，所述第二级预编码矩阵是由所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息所指示出的矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-000037
为功率归一化因子。
可选的，所述处理器800还用于：
确定发送导频信号的A个天线端口、每个天线端口对应的发射天线、空间波束以及发送导频信号所用的资源，其中，每个天线端口对应一个空间波束；
针对所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量，并根据所述第一维度上的波束赋形向量和所述第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定天线端口对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量；
根据所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口的三维空间波束赋形向量以及导频信号所用的资源，对导频信号进行波束赋形并在全部或部分发射天线发送。
可选的，所述处理器800具体用于：
根据终端的分布，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束的方向、各个方向的波束数量以及波束宽度。
其中，在图8中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器800代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器820代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机810可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器800负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器820可以存储处理器800在执行操作时所使用的数据。
如图9所示，本公开实施例提供一种终端，包括：
处理器900，用于读取存储器920中的程序，执行下列过程：用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设 备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引；
收发机910，用于在处理器900的控制下接收和发送数据。
可选的，所述收发机910反馈给网络设备的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
RI；
信道质量指示CQI。
可选的，所述CQI是根据以下方式确定出来的：
根据所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道；
根据所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和所述RI确定第二级预编码矩阵；
根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道；
根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定信干噪比SINR；
根据所述SINR确定所述CQI。
可选的，所述处理器900具体用于：
在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所述所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得所述终端与所述网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，其中，每种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率根据该种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道估计值确定。
可选的，所述处理器900具体用于：
根据以下步骤确定Q个天线端口：
步骤A、确定用于CSI测量的天线端口的数量的取值范围；
步骤B、设k＝1，T0＝0；
步骤C、计算出从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，确定每一种可能的天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，并选择其中吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合；
步骤D、若k＜Qmax，则转入步骤E，否则转入步骤G，Qmax为所述取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A；
步骤E、若Tk＞Tk-1，则转入步骤F，否则，转入步骤G；其中，Tk为从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，Tk-1为从A个天线端口中选择k-1个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率；
步骤F、设k＝k+1，并转入步骤C；
步骤G、将当前确定出的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的天线端口组合中的天线端口，确定为用于CSI测量的天线端口。
其中，在图9中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器900代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器920代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机910可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的用户设备，用户接口930还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
处理器900负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器920可以存储处理器900在执行操作时所使用的数据。
综上所述，根据本公开实施例提供的方法，终端通过从网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口中选择至少一个天线端口，既降低了CSI测量导频的开销，又尽可能保证了一定的CSI测量精度，简化了系统设计。通常终端选 择的天线端口的数目远远小于网络设备的大规模天线数，因此可以降低CSI测量导频开销，同时终端还可以选择多个空间波束方向以及它们的最优加权系数便可更加精确地估计CSI。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本公开的实施例可提供为方法、系统或计算机程序产品。因此，本公开可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本公开可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本公开是参照根据本公开实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种信道状态信息反馈方法，包括：
    终端根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；
    所述终端根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
    所述终端根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述终端反馈给网络设备的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
    第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    RI；
    信道质量指示CQI；及
    所述终端选择的天线端口的数量Q。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述终端反馈给网络设备的CSI包括CQI，所述CQI是根据以下方式确定出来的：
    根据所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道；
    根据第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和所述RI确定第二级预编码矩阵；其中，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道；
    根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定信干噪比SINR；
    根据所述SINR确定所述CQI。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述终端根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，包括：
    所述终端在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所述所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得所述终端与所述网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，其中，每种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率根据该种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道估计值确定。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述终端在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所述所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得所述终端与所述网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，包括以下步骤：
    步骤A、确定用于CSI测量的天线端口的数量的取值范围；
    步骤B、设k＝1，T0＝0；
    步骤C、计算出从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，确定每一种可能的天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，并选择其中吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合；
    步骤D、若k＜Qmax，则转入步骤E，否则转入步骤G，Qmax为所述取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A；
    步骤E、若Tk＞Tk-1，则转入步骤F，否则，转入步骤G；其中，Tk为从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，Tk-1为从A个天线端口中选择k-1个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率；
    步骤F、设k＝k+1，并转入步骤C；
    步骤G、将当前确定出的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的天线端口组合中的天线端口，确定为用于CSI测量的天线端口。
  6. 一种信道状态信息获取方法，包括：
    网络设备接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是终端根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
    所述网络设备根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述网络设备接收到的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
    第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    RI；
    信道质量指示CQI；及
    所述终端选择的天线端口的数量Q。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其中，所述网络设备根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵，包括：
    所述网络设备根据以下公式确定所述发送预编码矩阵：
    Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-100001
    其中，W为所述发送预编码矩阵，W1为所述第一级预编码矩阵，VL为第二级预编码矩阵，所述第二级预编码矩阵是由所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息所指示出的矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-100002
    为功率归一化因子。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述网络设备接收终端反馈的CSI之前，还包括：
    所述网络设备确定发送导频信号的A个天线端口、每个天线端口对应的发射天线、空间波束以及发送导频信号所用的资源，其中，每个天线端口对 应一个空间波束；
    所述网络设备针对所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量，并根据所述第一维度上的波束赋形向量和所述第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定天线端口对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量；
    所述网络设备根据所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口的三维空间波束赋形向量以及导频信号所用的资源，对导频信号进行波束赋形并在全部或部分发射天线发送。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述网络设备确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束，包括：
    所述网络设备根据终端的分布，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束的方向、各个方向的波束数量以及波束宽度。
  11. 一种终端，包括：
    信道估计单元，用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；
    确定单元，用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
    发送单元，用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，所述发送单元反馈给网络设备的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
    第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    RI；
    信道质量指示CQI；及
    所述终端选择的天线端口的数量Q。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，所述发送单元反馈给网络设备的CSI包括CQI，所述CQI是根据以下方式确定出来的：
    根据所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息确定所述Q个天线端口对应的Q个信道估计值所构成的第一等效信道；
    根据第二级预编码矩阵指示信息和所述RI确定第二级预编码矩阵；所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    根据所述第一等效信道和所述第二级预编码矩阵确定第二等效信道；
    根据所述第二等效信道、干扰信号的功率以及噪声信号的功率确定信干噪比SINR；
    根据所述SINR确定所述CQI。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的终端，其中，所述确定单元具体用于：
    在天线端口的数量的取值范围内，确定所有可能的天线端口组合，并在所述所有可能的天线端口组合中确定使得所述终端与所述网络设备之间的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的Q个天线端口，其中，每种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率根据该种可能的天线端口组合对应的信道估计值确定。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端，其中，所述确定单元具体用于：根据以下步骤确定Q个天线端口：
    步骤A、确定用于CSI测量的天线端口的数量的取值范围；
    步骤B、设k＝1，T0＝0；
    步骤C、计算出从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，确定每一种可能的天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，并选择其中吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合；
    步骤D、若k＜Qmax，则转入步骤E，否则转入步骤G，Qmax为所述取值范围的上限，L≤Qmax≤A；
    步骤E、若Tk＞Tk-1，则转入步骤F，否则，转入步骤G；其中，Tk为从A个天线端口中选择k个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率，Tk-1为从A个天线端口中选择k-1个天线端口时，吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的一种天线端口组合对应的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率；
    步骤F、设k＝k+1，并转入步骤C；
    步骤G、将当前确定出的吞吐量或容量或所述终端的导频信号接收功率最大的天线端口组合中的天线端口，确定为用于CSI测量的天线端口。
  16. 一种网络设备，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息是终端根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；
    第一确定单元，用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；
    第二确定单元，用于根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的网络设备，其中，所述接收单元接收到的CSI还包括以下信息之一或组合：
    第二级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示第二级预编码矩阵在第二级码本集合中的索引；
    RI；
    信道质量指示CQI；及
    所述终端选择的天线端口的数量Q。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的网络设备，其中，所述第二确定单元具体用于：
    根据以下公式确定所述发送预编码矩阵：
    Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-100003
    其中，W为所述发送预编码矩阵，W1为所述第一级预编码矩阵，VL为第二级预编码矩阵，所述第二级预编码矩阵是由所述第二级预编码矩阵指示信息所指示出的矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2016070907-appb-100004
    为功率归一化因子。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的网络设备，其中，在所述接收单元接收所述终端反馈的CSI之前，所述接收单元还用于：
    确定发送导频信号的A个天线端口、每个天线端口对应的发射天线、空间波束以及发送导频信号所用的资源，其中，每个天线端口对应一个空间波束；
    针对所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束在第一维度上的波束赋形向量，以及在第二维度上的波束赋形向量，并根据所述第一维度上的波束赋形向量和所述第二维度上的波束赋形向量确定天线端口对应的波束的三维空间波束赋形向量；
    根据所述A个天线端口中的每个天线端口的三维空间波束赋形向量以及导频信号所用的资源，对导频信号进行波束赋形并在全部或部分发射天线发送。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的网络设备，其中，所述第一确定单元具体用于：
    根据终端的分布，确定每个天线端口对应的空间波束的方向、各个方向的波束数量以及波束宽度。
  21. 一种网络设备，包括处理器、存储器和收发机；
    其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：用于接收终端反馈的信道状态信息CSI，其中，所述CSI至少包括第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息终端是根据A个天线端口的信道估计值确定的Q个天线端口后，根据所述Q个天线端口确定出的，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值； 用于根据接收到的所述CSI以及所述A个天线端口对应的波束赋形向量确定第一级预编码矩阵；根据所述第一级预编码矩阵确定发送预编码矩阵；
    所述收发机用于接收和发送数据。
  22. 一种终端，包括处理器、存储器和收发机；
    其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：用于根据接收到的导频信号进行信道估计，得到A个天线端口的信道估计值，所述A个天线端口为网络设备发送导频信号的A个天线端口；用于根据所述A个天线端口的信道估计值确定Q个天线端口，其中，L≤Q≤A，L为所述网络设备对所述终端发送下行数据时采用的秩指示RI的取值，或者，L为所述终端确定的信道秩指示RI的取值；用于根据所述Q个天线端口确定第一级预编码矩阵指示信息，并将包含所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息的信道状态信息CSI反馈给网络设备，所述第一级预编码矩阵指示信息用于指示所述Q个天线端口在发送导频信号的A个天线端口中的索引；
    所述收发机用于接收和发送数据。
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