WO2016017572A1 - 有機物質を製造する装置及び有機物質を製造する方法 - Google Patents
有機物質を製造する装置及び有機物質を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
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- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/065—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage with microorganisms other than yeasts
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/14—Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of microorganisms or re-use of microorganisms
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/16—Butanols
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/54—Acetic acid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing an organic substance and a method for producing an organic substance.
- Patent Document 1 In recent years, for example, practical application of a method for producing a chemical substance such as ethanol by microbial fermentation of synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide synthesized from exhaust gas from a steel mill or the like has been studied (for example, Patent Document 1). See).
- the main object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted when producing an organic substance.
- the first organic substance manufacturing apparatus includes a synthesis gas generation furnace and a fermenter.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace generates synthesis gas by partially oxidizing waste.
- Fermenters contain microorganisms that produce organic material from synthesis gas.
- the fermenter has a first fermenter and a second fermenter.
- the first fermenter is connected to a synthesis gas generation furnace.
- a 1st fermenter contains Clostridium autoethanogenum (Clostridium autoethanogenum) as microorganisms.
- the second fermenter is connected to the first fermenter.
- the second fermenter contains Clostridium ljungdahlii as a microorganism.
- the first organic substance production apparatus preferably further includes a methane fermenter that obtains methane by subjecting carbon dioxide produced in the fermenter to methane fermentation.
- the manufacturing apparatus of the 1st organic substance which concerns on this invention may be further equipped with the synthesis gas production
- the second apparatus for producing an organic substance according to the present invention includes a fermenter that obtains carbon dioxide and an organic substance by microbial fermentation of synthesis gas, and methane fermentation by methane fermentation of carbon dioxide generated in the fermenter.
- the second organic substance manufacturing apparatus may further include a synthesis gas generation furnace for generating synthesis gas from methane from the methane fermenter.
- synthesis gas is generated by partially oxidizing waste in a synthesis gas generation furnace.
- a first fermentation process is performed in which synthesis gas is supplied and fermented to a first fermentor containing Clostridium autoethanogenum.
- a second fermenter containing Clostridium ljungdahlii is supplied with the exhaust gas from the first fermentor to perform a second fermentation step.
- the first method for producing an organic substance according to the present invention it is preferable to perform the first fermentation step so that the exhaust gas contains hydrogen.
- the first method for producing an organic substance according to the present invention preferably further includes a step of obtaining methane by subjecting carbon dioxide generated in the fermentation step to methane fermentation.
- a step of obtaining methane by subjecting carbon dioxide generated in the fermentation step to methane fermentation.
- a fermentation process is performed in which carbon dioxide and an organic substance are obtained by microbial fermentation of synthesis gas in a fermenter.
- Methane is obtained by methane fermentation of carbon dioxide produced in the fermentation process.
- a step of obtaining synthesis gas from methane may be further performed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic substance manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an organic substance manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an organic material manufacturing apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing an organic substance from waste according to this embodiment.
- a manufacturing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus for manufacturing an organic substance from waste including waste plastic and the like.
- the organic substance to be produced may be, for example, alcohol, organic acid, fatty acid, fat or oil, ketone, biomass, sugar or the like.
- Specific examples of alcohols, organic acids, fatty acids, fats and oils, ketones, biomass, sugars and the like include ethanol, acetic acid, butanediol, and the like.
- the use of the produced organic substance is not particularly limited.
- the produced organic substance can be used as a raw material for plastics and resins, for example, and can also be used as a fuel.
- the production apparatus 1 includes a synthesis gas generation furnace 11, a fermenter 13, and a purifier 14.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 is supplied with waste containing organic substances such as plastic and resin.
- the waste is partially oxidized in the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 to generate synthesis gas.
- synthesis gas contains carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, and nitrogen gas in addition to carbon monoxide.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 is connected to a fermenter 13.
- the synthesis gas produced in the synthesis gas production furnace 11 is supplied to the fermenter 13.
- the fermenter 13 contains microorganisms. Microorganisms produce organic substances to be produced from synthesis gas.
- the fermenter 13 is connected to a refiner 14.
- the product in the fermenter 13 is transferred to the refiner 14.
- the fermenter 13 generates other organic substances in addition to the organic substance to be manufactured.
- the refiner 14 purifies the product in the fermenter 13. Thereby, the target organic substance can be obtained.
- the fermenter 13 includes a first fermenter 13a and a second fermenter 13b.
- the first fermenter 13 a is connected to the synthesis gas generation furnace 11.
- the first fermenter 13a includes Clostridium autoethanogenum as a microorganism.
- the second fermenter 13b is connected to the first fermenter 13a.
- the second fermenter 13b includes Clostridium ljungdahlii as a microorganism.
- the Clostridium autoethanogenum contained in the first fermenter 13a consumes carbon monoxide and hydrogen to produce organic substances and emit carbon dioxide. For this reason, the discharge amount of carbon dioxide increases only with the first fermenter 13a.
- the ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen in the synthesis gas is approximately 1: 1.
- Clostridium autoethanogenum consumes more carbon monoxide than hydrogen. For this reason, hydrogen is contained in the exhaust gas from the 1st fermenter 13a with a carbon dioxide. This exhaust gas is supplied to the second fermenter 13b.
- the 2nd fermenter 13b contains Clostridium ljungdahlii (Clostridium ljungdahlii). Clostridium ljungdahlii consumes carbon dioxide in the presence of hydrogen to produce organic substances. Therefore, in the manufacturing apparatus 1, the amount of carbon dioxide emission is small. In addition, the amount of organic substances produced is large.
- the production apparatus 1 includes the synthesis gas generation furnace 11
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace may be provided separately from the manufacturing apparatus.
- the production apparatus 1a shown in FIG. 2 is an apparatus for producing an organic substance by subjecting a gas obtained by partial oxidation of a carbon source to microbial fermentation.
- the carbon source may be, for example, waste including plastic or resin, or coke.
- the organic substance to be manufactured may be an oxygen-containing organic substance.
- the organic substance to be produced may be, for example, alcohol, organic acid, fatty acid, fat or oil, ketone, biomass, sugar or the like.
- alcohols, organic acids, fatty acids, fats and oils, ketones, biomass, and sugars include ethanol, acetic acid, and butanediol.
- the use of the produced organic substance is not particularly limited.
- the produced organic substance can be used as a raw material for plastics and resins, for example, and can also be used as a fuel.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 a includes a synthesis gas generation furnace 11.
- synthesis gas generation furnace 11 partial oxidation of the carbon source is performed.
- synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide is generated (gas generation step).
- Syngas usually contains carbon dioxide and hydrogen in addition to carbon monoxide.
- the synthesis gas may further contain, for example, a hydrocarbon.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 may be a waste incinerator, for example.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 may be, for example, an iron making furnace.
- the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 is connected to a fermenter 13.
- the fermenter 13 contains microorganisms and water. That is, the fermenter 13 is provided with water containing microorganisms.
- the microorganism performs synthesis gas fermentation. As a result, an organic substance to be manufactured is generated.
- the microorganism may be an anaerobic bacterium.
- specific examples of microorganisms suitably used for producing alcohols such as ethanol include Clostridium genus.
- carbon dioxide is generated in addition to the desired organic material.
- the fermenter 13 is connected to a refiner 14. A part of the product in the fermenter 13 is transferred to the refiner 14. In general, the fermenter 13 generates other organic substances in addition to the organic substance to be manufactured.
- the refiner 14 purifies the product in the fermenter 13 (purification step). Thereby, the target organic substance can be obtained. In the refiner 14, a residue of microbial fermentation is produced together with the target organic substance. Residues usually contain organic substances not intended for production, dead microorganisms, water, and the like.
- the fermenter 13 is connected to the methane fermenter 15.
- Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are supplied to the methane fermenter 15 from the fermenter 13.
- the carbon dioxide supplied to the fermenter 15 includes carbon dioxide contained in the synthesis gas and carbon dioxide generated by fermentation in the fermenter 13.
- the methane fermenter 15 generates methane by subjecting these carbon dioxide and hydrogen to methane fermentation. For this reason, the carbon dioxide amount discharged
- methane can be obtained. In the manufacturing apparatus 1a, this methane is supplied to the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 as a raw material.
- the ratio of the amount of the organic substance to be produced to the amount of the carbon source to be input ((amount of organic substance to be produced) / (amount of carbon source to be input)) can be increased. Further, the obtained methane may be recovered and used for other purposes.
- methane produced in the methane fermenter 15 is partially oxidized in the synthesis gas production furnace 11 to become synthesis gas.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- methane may be converted into a synthesis gas by steam reforming or carbon dioxide reforming.
- you may use methane as a fuel.
- the synthesis gas from the first fermenter 13a is fed into the second fermenter 13b.
- the water from the 1st fermenter 13a does not necessarily need to be sent into the 2nd fermenter 13b.
- at least a part of the water from the first fermenter 13a may not be sent to the second fermenter 13b.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an organic substance manufacturing apparatus 1b according to the present embodiment.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1b is different from the manufacturing apparatus 1b according to the second embodiment in that the fermenter 13 includes a first fermenter 13a and a second fermenter 13b.
- the 1st fermenter 13a has the structure substantially the same as the 1st fermenter 13a of 1st Embodiment.
- the 2nd fermenter 13b has the structure substantially the same as the 2nd fermenter 13b of 1st Embodiment.
- the methane fermenter 15 is connected to each of the first and second fermenters 13a and 13b.
- the methane fermenter 15 is supplied with carbon dioxide produced in at least one of the first and second fermenters 13a and 13b.
- Carbon dioxide contained in the synthesis gas may be further supplied to the methane fermenter 15.
- the supplied carbon dioxide undergoes methane fermentation in the methane fermenter 15 to generate methane.
- At least a part of the methane generated in the methane fermenter 15 is supplied to the synthesis gas generation furnace 11 and partially oxidized to become synthesis gas.
- the second fermenter including Clostridium ljungdahlii in the rear stage of the first fermenter 13a including Clostridium autoethanogenum. 13b is connected.
- At least a part of the carbon dioxide produced in the fermenter 13 is methane-fermented in the methane fermenter 15 to become methane. For this reason, the discharge amount of carbon dioxide can be further reduced.
- the ratio of the amount of the organic substance to be produced to the amount of the carbon source to be input ((amount of organic substance to be produced) / (amount of carbon source to be input)) can be increased.
- the microorganisms cultured in the first fermenter 13a and the microorganisms cultured in the second fermenter 13b are different from each other. For this reason, it is preferable to connect the adjuster for implement
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Abstract
Description
第2及び第3の実施形態では、発酵器13において生じた二酸化炭素をメタン発酵させることによりメタンを得る例について説明した。本発明においては、メタン発酵の原料として、発酵器13において生じた二酸化炭素に加えて、精製機14において生じた残渣をメタン発酵の原料としてもよい。すなわち、精製機14の残渣をメタン発酵器15に供給し、メタン発酵器15において残渣をメタン発酵させてもよい。そうすることにより、メタンの生成量を増大させることができる。このため、例えば、メタンから合成ガスを得る場合、投入する炭素源の量に対する、製造される有機物質の量の比((製造される有機物質の量)/(投入する炭素源の量))をより高くすることができる。
11 合成ガス生成炉
13 発酵器
13a 第1の発酵器
13b 第2の発酵器
14 精製機
15 メタン発酵器
Claims (9)
- 廃棄物を部分酸化させることにより合成ガスを生成させる合成ガス生成炉と、
前記合成ガスから有機物質を生成させる微生物を含む発酵器と、
を備え、
前記発酵器は、
前記合成ガス生成炉に接続されており、前記微生物としてクロストリジウム・オートエタノゲナム(Clostridium autoethanogenum)を含む第1の発酵器と、
前記第1の発酵器に接続されており、前記微生物としてクロストリジウム・リュングダリイ(Clostridium ljungdahlii)を含む第2の発酵器と、
を有する、有機物質の製造装置。 - 前記発酵器において生じた二酸化炭素をメタン発酵させることによりメタンを得るメタン発酵器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の有機物質の製造装置。
- 合成ガスを微生物発酵させることにより二酸化炭素と、有機物質とを得る発酵器と、
前記発酵器において生じた二酸化炭素をメタン発酵させることによりメタンを得るメタン発酵器と、
を備える、有機物質の製造装置。 - 前記メタン発酵器からのメタンから前記合成ガスを生成させる合成ガス生成炉をさらに備える、請求項2又は3に記載の有機物質の製造装置。
- 合成ガス生成炉において廃棄物を部分酸化させることにより合成ガスを生成させる工程と、
クロストリジウム・オートエタノゲナム(Clostridium autoethanogenum)を含む第1の発酵器に、前記合成ガスを供給し、発酵させる第1の発酵工程と、
クロストリジウム・リュングダリイ(Clostridium ljungdahlii)を含む第2の発酵器に、前記第1の発酵器からの排出ガスを供給し、発酵させる第2の発酵工程と、
を備える、有機物質の製造方法。 - 前記排出ガスが、水素を含むように前記第1の発酵工程を行う、請求項5に記載の有機物質の製造方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の発酵工程の少なくとも一方において生じた二酸化炭素をメタン発酵させることによりメタンを得る工程をさらに備える、請求項5又は6に記載の有機物質の製造方法。
- 発酵器において合成ガスを微生物発酵させることにより二酸化炭素と、有機物質とを得る発酵工程と、
前記発酵工程において生じた二酸化炭素をメタン発酵させることによりメタンを得る工程と、
を備える、有機物質の製造方法。 - 前記メタンから前記合成ガスを得る工程をさらに備える、請求項7又は8に記載の有機物質の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/324,346 US10550408B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-27 | Apparatus for producing organic substance and method for producing organic substance |
EP15828254.1A EP3176250A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-27 | Apparatus for producing organic substance and method for producing organic substance |
JP2016538335A JP6632978B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-27 | 有機物質を製造する装置及び有機物質を製造する方法 |
CN201580037707.2A CN106488978A (zh) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-27 | 制造有机物质的装置及制造有机物质的方法 |
CA2954614A CA2954614A1 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-27 | Apparatus for producing organic substance and method for producing organic substance |
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JP2003135089A (ja) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-05-13 | Takuma Co Ltd | 微生物を用いた水素及びメタンの製造方法ならびに装置 |
JP2009136202A (ja) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-25 | Research Institute Of Tsukuba Bio-Tech Corp | バイオマスからの燃料アルコール製造方法及びその製造装置 |
WO2010126382A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Lanzatech New Zealand Limited | Improved carbon capture in fermentation |
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US5821111A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1998-10-13 | Bioengineering Resources, Inc. | Bioconversion of waste biomass to useful products |
ITBO20050217A1 (it) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-09 | Enrico Petazzoni | Cattura della co2 da gas esausti e suo uso nella digestione anaerobica di materiale organico |
US7923227B2 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2011-04-12 | Coskata, Inc. | Method of conversion of syngas using microorganism on hydrophilic membrane |
NZ560757A (en) * | 2007-10-28 | 2010-07-30 | Lanzatech New Zealand Ltd | Improved carbon capture in microbial fermentation of industrial gases to ethanol |
CN105755058B (zh) | 2010-01-14 | 2021-01-15 | 朗泽科技新西兰有限公司 | 醇的制备方法 |
EP2609206A4 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2014-07-09 | Lanzatech New Zealand Ltd | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL AND ETHYLENE BY FERMENTATION |
US20130112576A1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2013-05-09 | Brita Gmbh | Container and device comprising such a container |
US8895274B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2014-11-25 | Coskata, Inc. | Processes for the conversion of biomass to oxygenated organic compound, apparatus therefor and compositions produced thereby |
US9157100B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2015-10-13 | Coskata, Inc. | Integrated processes for bioconverting syngas to oxygenated organic compound with sulfur supply |
EP2920316B1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2023-06-21 | LanzaTech NZ, Inc. | A fermentation process |
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JP2003135089A (ja) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-05-13 | Takuma Co Ltd | 微生物を用いた水素及びメタンの製造方法ならびに装置 |
JP2009136202A (ja) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-25 | Research Institute Of Tsukuba Bio-Tech Corp | バイオマスからの燃料アルコール製造方法及びその製造装置 |
WO2010126382A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Lanzatech New Zealand Limited | Improved carbon capture in fermentation |
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JP2016029939A (ja) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-03-07 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 有機物質を製造する装置及び有機物質を製造する方法 |
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EP3176250A4 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
US10550408B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 |
JP6632978B2 (ja) | 2020-01-22 |
CN106488978A (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
CA2954614A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
JPWO2016017572A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
EP3176250A1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
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