WO2016002804A1 - 接合体の製造方法、多層接合体の製造方法、パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法、ヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法及び積層体の製造装置 - Google Patents
接合体の製造方法、多層接合体の製造方法、パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法、ヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法及び積層体の製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016002804A1 WO2016002804A1 PCT/JP2015/068885 JP2015068885W WO2016002804A1 WO 2016002804 A1 WO2016002804 A1 WO 2016002804A1 JP 2015068885 W JP2015068885 W JP 2015068885W WO 2016002804 A1 WO2016002804 A1 WO 2016002804A1
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- temporary fixing
- manufacturing
- fixing material
- power module
- heat sink
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/12—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a laminate comprising a plurality of members used for manufacturing a power module substrate for a semiconductor device that controls a large current and a high voltage, a method for manufacturing a power module substrate, and a laminate manufacturing apparatus. About.
- a circuit board is bonded to one surface of a ceramic substrate in a laminated state, and a heat sink is bonded to the other surface in a stacked state.
- This power module substrate is provided as a power module by soldering an electronic component such as a semiconductor chip (power element) on a circuit board and bonding a heat sink to the heat sink.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for manufacturing a power module substrate including an insulating layer and a circuit layer formed on one surface of the insulating layer.
- the power module substrate manufacturing method includes a circuit layer forming step of forming a circuit layer by laminating a copper layer on the aluminum layer after disposing an aluminum layer on one surface of the insulating layer, Solid phase diffusion bonding is performed by heating and holding an aluminum layer and a copper layer under a load.
- a brazing material foil is pasted on one surface of a metal flat plate via a resin coating layer (containing octanediol as an organic resin), and a superposition of these metal flat plate and the brazing material foil is a circuit layer.
- the circuit layer and the ceramic flat plate are laminated and bonded via the brazing material foil by punching and molding the outer shape of the brazing material foil onto the ceramic flat plate.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a bonded body that can be efficiently manufactured, and to provide a method for manufacturing a power module substrate in which the method is applied to a power module substrate.
- a temporary fixing material mainly composed of a saturated fatty acid is applied to any one of the first member made of a metal plate and the second member including one or more metal plates or ceramic plates, The first member stacked by stacking and aligning the first member and the second member via the temporary fixing material in a state where the temporary fixing material is melted, and cooling the temporary fixing material.
- the first member and the second member are temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing material mainly composed of saturated fatty acid, the first member and the second member are not displaced in the subsequent joining process. It is held in a positioned state. Therefore, the subsequent handling is facilitated, the productivity is improved, and the respective members can be joined in a precisely positioned state.
- Temporary fixing material using saturated fatty acid that is solid at room temperature is melted and liquefied by heating. For this reason, after stacking the first member and the second member, the temporary fixing material is solidified by cooling to room temperature, and the first member and the second member can be easily bonded. Further, in the joining step, saturated fatty acids are quickly decomposed at a temperature sufficiently lower than the joining temperature, so that the joining surface between the first member and the second member is not affected.
- saturated fatty acids have high fluidity in the liquefied molten state, and the first member and the second member are superposed on each other to quickly spread and maintain good bondability when in close contact with each other. it can.
- the saturated fatty acid of the temporary fixing material may have 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- a saturated fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms has a melting point of about 32 ° C. to 94 ° C. and is solidified at room temperature, but it can be liquefied at a relatively low heating temperature, so that it is easy to handle. Excellent.
- saturated fatty acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms include capric acid having 10 carbon atoms, lauric acid having 12 carbon atoms, myristic acid having 14 carbon atoms, palmitic acid having 16 carbon atoms, and stearic acid having 18 carbon atoms. And melicic acid having 30 carbon atoms. Note that these saturated fatty acids are inexpensive and easily available.
- a bonding material layer is formed on the surface of either the first member or the second member, and the bonding step and the temporary fixing material are interposed in the laminating step.
- the first member and the second member may be laminated.
- the third member made of a metal plate is temporarily fixed to the stacked body formed by the stacking process before the bonding process.
- a second stacking step wherein in the second stacking step, a second temporary fixing material mainly composed of a saturated fatty acid having a melting point lower than that of the temporary fixing material is provided in either the laminate or the third member.
- the laminated body and the third member Are aligned and laminated, and then the second temporary fixing material is cooled to form a second laminated body in which the laminated body and the third member are temporarily fixed.
- the second laminated layer is formed.
- the saturated fatty acid of the temporary fixing material may have 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- a bonding material layer is formed on a surface of either the first member or the second member, and the first member and the second member are interposed via the bonding material layer and the temporary fixing material in the stacking step. You may laminate
- a second bonding material layer is formed on the surface of either the second laminated body or the third member, and the second temporary fixing material and the second bonding material layer are interposed in the second lamination step.
- the laminated body and the third member may be laminated.
- a method for manufacturing a power module substrate with a heat sink according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a power module substrate with a heat sink to which the above-described multilayer assembly manufacturing method is applied, wherein the first member is made of copper or aluminum. And the second member is a ceramic substrate formed by laminating aluminum metal layers on both surfaces of a ceramic plate, the third member is a heat sink made of copper or aluminum, and in the joining step, While joining one side of the said aluminum metal layer of the said 2nd member, joining the other side of the said 2nd member said aluminum metal layer, and the said 3rd member, the board
- the method for manufacturing a power module substrate according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a power module substrate to which the above-described method for manufacturing a joined body is applied, wherein the first member is a copper circuit board, and the second member is a ceramic.
- a method for manufacturing a power module substrate with a heat sink according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a power module substrate with a heat sink to which the manufacturing method for a joined body described above is applied, wherein the first member is a heat sink made of copper or aluminum,
- the second member is a power module substrate in which metal layers are laminated on both surfaces of a ceramic plate, and in the joining step, one of the metal layers of the second member and the first member are joined,
- a power module substrate with a heat sink is formed as a bonded body.
- the bonding material layer is temporarily fixed to the surface of either the first member or the second member by a bonding material layer temporary fixing material.
- the temporary fixing material may be applied to either the first member or the second member where the bonding material layer is not formed.
- the laminate manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a first member made of a metal plate and a second member including at least one metal plate or ceramic plate on either one of the first member and the second member.
- An apparatus for manufacturing a laminate wherein the first member and the second member are temporarily bonded to each other by the formed temporary fixing material containing a saturated fatty acid as a main component, the first member or the first member Laminating means for conveying one of the two members on which the temporary fixing material is formed onto the other and laminating the first member and the second member; and the first member and the second member Heating means for melting the temporary fixing material when laminating.
- the temporary fixing material using saturated fatty acid solid at normal temperature is melted by heating, it is necessary to put it in a heated state when laminating the first member and the second member. For this reason, the first member and the second member can be efficiently fixed by providing a heating means for heating the temporary fixing material when the first member and the second member are laminated.
- the laminate manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a first member made of a metal plate and a second member including at least one metal plate or ceramic plate, and one of the first member and the second member.
- An apparatus for manufacturing a laminate wherein the first member and the second member are temporarily bonded to each other by a temporary fixing material mainly composed of a saturated fatty acid formed thereon, the first member or Laminating means for transporting the other of the second members onto one of the temporary members, and laminating the first member and the second member; and the first member and the second member And heating means for melting the temporary fixing material.
- the saturated fatty acid which is the main component of the temporary fixing material
- the molten temporary fixing material is bonded to
- it is desirable that the temporary fixing material is in a solidified state until just before the two members are laminated. Therefore, in the joined body manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, one plate on which the temporary fixing material is formed can be brought into a stationary state by conveying the other plate instead of the one plate on which the temporary fixing material is formed. Since it can do, it can prevent that a temporary fix
- a cooling means for cooling the temporary fixing material after the first member and the second member are laminated it is preferable to include a cooling means for cooling the temporary fixing material after the first member and the second member are laminated.
- the first member and the second member can be brought into an adhesive state by solidifying the temporary fixing material in a molten state by natural cooling, but the first member and the second member can be positively cooled by the cooling means.
- the state in which the member is aligned can be determined immediately.
- FIG. 1 shows a power module substrate 10 manufactured in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- This power module substrate (the joined body of the present invention) 10 includes a copper circuit board (first member of the present invention) 30 and a ceramic substrate (invented in the present invention) in which aluminum metal layers 22 and 23 are laminated on both surfaces of the ceramic plate 21.
- a second member 20, and one aluminum metal layer 22 of the ceramic substrate 20 and the copper circuit board 30 are bonded to each other.
- the ceramic plate 21, the aluminum metal layers 22 and 23, and the copper circuit board 30 of the ceramic substrate 20 are formed in a rectangular planar shape.
- the power module substrate 10 is soldered with an electronic component 60 such as a semiconductor chip on the surface of the copper circuit board 30, and a heat sink 50 is joined to the aluminum metal layer 23 disposed on the opposite side of the copper circuit board 30.
- an electronic component 60 such as a semiconductor chip on the surface of the copper circuit board 30, and a heat sink 50 is joined to the aluminum metal layer 23 disposed on the opposite side of the copper circuit board 30.
- the ceramic plate 21 is formed in a rectangular shape using, for example, a nitride ceramic such as AlN (aluminum nitride), Si 3 N 4 (silicon nitride), or an oxide ceramic such as Al 2 O 3 (alumina) as a base material. ing.
- the thickness of the ceramic plate 21 is 0.125 mm to 1.0 mm.
- the aluminum metal layers 22 and 23 are made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy (simply referred to as aluminum) having a purity of 99.90% or more, have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm, and are generally smaller than the ceramic plate 21. It is formed in a flat plate shape.
- the aluminum metal layers 22 and 23 are joined to the ceramic plate 21 by using a brazing material such as Al—Si, Al—Ge, Al—Cu, Al—Mg, or Al—Mn as a joining material.
- the copper circuit board 30 is made of pure copper such as oxygen-free copper or tough pitch copper, or a copper alloy (simply referred to as copper in the present invention).
- the thickness of the copper circuit board 30 is 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm.
- the copper circuit board 30 is bonded to the aluminum metal layer 22 of the ceramic substrate 20 by solid phase diffusion bonding.
- the laminated body manufacturing apparatus 90 uses the copper circuit board (first member of the present invention) 30 on which the temporary fixing material 40 mainly composed of saturated fatty acid is formed as the aluminum of the ceramic substrate (second member of the present invention) 20.
- the laminated body 80 temporarily fixed to the metal layer 22 is manufactured.
- the laminate manufacturing apparatus 90 places a base 91 on which the ceramic substrate 20 is placed and a copper circuit board 30 on which the temporary fixing material 40 is formed on the base 91.
- the laminating means 95 for laminating the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 while being transported onto the placed ceramic substrate 20 and aligned with the ceramic substrate 20 Heating means 96 for melting the temporary fixing material 40.
- a plurality of guide pins 92 are erected on the base 91 on the mounting surface of the ceramic substrate 20 so as to surround the side surface of the ceramic substrate 20.
- the ceramic substrate 20 is positioned on the base 91 by placing the ceramic substrate 20 in a region surrounded by the guide pins 92.
- the stacking means 95 can be configured by a stacking pickup cylinder provided so as to be movable in the xyz axis direction, for example.
- the laminating means 95 conveys the copper circuit board 30 with the adhesion surface 30a facing downward to the base 91 on which the ceramic substrate 20 is placed, and the adhesion surface 30a of the copper circuit board 30 is placed on the base 91.
- the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 are laminated by overlapping the ceramic substrate 20.
- the upper surface of the copper circuit board 30 opposite to the attachment surface 30a is air adsorbed by the laminating means 95, thereby conveying the copper circuit board 30.
- the heating means 96 can be composed of, for example, a rubber heater as shown in FIG. 3A. By disposing the rubber heater (heating means) 96 with the adhesion surface 30a of the copper circuit board 30 facing each other, the temporary fixing material 40 of the adhesion surface 30a can be heated and melted.
- the laminating means 95 is provided with a temperature measuring means 97 for observing the molten state of the temporary fixing material 40 when the copper circuit board 30 is conveyed.
- a temperature measuring means 97 for observing the molten state of the temporary fixing material 40 when the copper circuit board 30 is conveyed.
- the temperature measuring means 97 for example, an infrared radiation thermometer can be used. In this embodiment, the temperature of the copper circuit board 30 held by the stacking means 95 is measured.
- the laminate manufacturing apparatus 90 is provided with cooling means 98 for cooling the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 after the lamination.
- the cooling means 98 can be constituted by a cooling nozzle that blows air, for example, and is provided in the stacking means 95.
- a temporary fixing material 40 containing a saturated fatty acid as a main component is applied to one side of a copper circuit board (first member) 30.
- the temporary fixing material 40 is preferably a saturated fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, solid at room temperature (25 ° C.), and having a relatively low melting point and undergoing phase transformation into a liquid. This is because when the number of carbon atoms is less than 10, it becomes liquid at room temperature, so the handling property is poor, and when it exceeds 30, the melting point becomes high, so that the workability of application to the copper circuit board 30 is deteriorated.
- saturated fatty acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms have a melting point of about 32 ° C. to 94 ° C. and are solidified at room temperature, but can be liquefied at a relatively low heating temperature. Therefore, it is excellent in handleability.
- saturated fatty acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms include capric acid having 10 carbon atoms, lauric acid having 12 carbon atoms, myristic acid having 14 carbon atoms, palmitic acid having 16 carbon atoms, and stearic acid having 18 carbon atoms. And melicic acid having 30 carbon atoms. Note that these saturated fatty acids are inexpensive and easily available.
- the application of the temporary fixing material 40 to the copper circuit board 30 is performed using, for example, a hot cylinder, although illustration is omitted.
- the temporary fixing material 40 is heated to a molten state, and the molten temporary fixing material 40 is dropped onto a plurality of locations such as corners on the surface of the copper circuit board 30. Then, the temporary fixing material 40 dripped onto the copper circuit board 30 is once cooled to room temperature and solidified to form the copper circuit board 30 to which the temporary fixing material 40 is adhered.
- the copper circuit board 30 is conveyed on the base 91 by the laminating means 95 (FIGS. 3A and 3B), and is superposed on the aluminum metal layer 22 of the ceramic substrate 20 placed in a positioning state on the base 91 (FIG. 3C). .
- the applied temporary fixing material 40 is solidified.
- the temporary fixing material 40 can be melted by heating the adhesion surface 30a of the copper circuit board 30 against the rubber heater 96 in the middle of the transport path of the copper circuit board 30 by the laminating means 95.
- the copper circuit board 30 is laminated on the ceramic substrate 20 as shown in FIGS. 2B and 3C.
- the temporary fixing material 40 adhering to the copper circuit board 30 is laminated with the ceramic substrate 20 so as to be thinly extended between the copper circuit board 30 and the aluminum metal layer 22 so as to be in close contact with each other.
- stop material 40 is cooled and solidifies by contacting the aluminum metal layer 22 which is not heated.
- the temporary fixing material 40 can be solidified by natural cooling as described above, but can also be actively cooled and solidified by cooling means 98 as shown in FIG. 3C. In this case, the state in which the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 are aligned can be determined immediately, and workability can be further improved.
- the laminate 80 in which the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 are temporarily fixed is pressed in the laminating direction and heated below the eutectic temperature of copper and aluminum, thereby producing a copper circuit.
- the power module substrate 10 can be manufactured by bonding the plate 30 and the aluminum metal layer 22 of the ceramic substrate 20 by solid-phase diffusion bonding by diffusing copper and aluminum mutually. Specifically, the aluminum metal layer 22 of the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 is held in a vacuum atmosphere at a load of 0.3 MPa to 10 MPa and a heating temperature of 400 ° C. to less than 548 ° C. for 5 minutes to 240 minutes. Can be joined.
- the temporary fixing material 40 is decomposed and disappears in the initial stage of the heating.
- the copper circuit board (first member) 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 are temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing material 40 in the laminating step before the bonding step. Since the laminated body 80 is formed, it is possible to prevent the positional displacement between the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 in the subsequent joining process, and the copper circuit board 30 is accurately positioned at a predetermined position on the ceramic substrate 20. Can be joined in a state.
- the power module substrate 10 can be efficiently manufactured, and productivity can be improved.
- the temporary fixing material 40 is applied to the copper circuit board 30 and the copper circuit board 40 is transported and superimposed on the aluminum metal layer 22 of the ceramic substrate 20.
- the temporary fixing material 40 may be applied to the aluminum metal layer 22 of the substrate 20 and the copper circuit board 30 may be overlaid.
- the temporary fixing material 40 is melted by the heat of the copper circuit board 30, and the copper circuit board 30 and The aluminum metal layer 22 can be brought into a close contact state. Thereafter, the temporary fixing member 40 is cooled and solidified by the aluminum metal layer 22, and the copper circuit board 30 and the aluminum metal layer 22 can be fixed.
- the ceramic substrate 20 on which the temporary fixing material 40 is formed can be brought into a stationary state by conveying the copper circuit board 30 instead of the ceramic substrate 20 on which the temporary fixing material 40 is formed.
- the ceramic substrate 20 coated with the temporary fixing material 40 is adsorbed by the laminating means 95 and conveyed onto the base 91 on which the copper circuit board 30 is placed, and the ceramic substrate 20 is superimposed on the copper circuit board 30. You can also.
- the temporary fixing material 40 dropped on the copper circuit board 30 is once cooled to room temperature and solidified, and then heated and temporarily fixed when the copper circuit board 30 is laminated on the ceramic substrate 20.
- the copper circuit board 30 and the ceramic substrate 20 were temporarily fixed by remelting the material 40, the temporary fixing material 40 dropped on the copper circuit board 30 was overlapped with the ceramic substrate 20 before being cooled. It is also possible to bond.
- FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4C shows a power module substrate (a joined body of the present invention) 11 manufactured according to the present invention.
- the power module substrate 11 includes an aluminum metal layer (first member of the present invention) 32 and a ceramic plate (second member of the present invention) 25 bonded to the aluminum metal layer 32.
- the aluminum metal layer 32 and the ceramic plate 25 are formed in a rectangular planar shape.
- a brazing material foil is attached to one surface of the aluminum metal layer 32 by ultrasonic bonding or the like as shown in FIG.
- a bonding material layer 33 is formed in advance using a brazing material foil.
- the temporary fixing material 41 which contains a saturated fatty acid as a main component is apply
- the aluminum metal layer 32 and the ceramic plate 25 are overlapped with each other through the bonding material layer 33 in a state where the temporary fixing material 41 is melted, so that the molten temporary fixing material 41 is bonded to the ceramic plate 2 and the aluminum metal layer 32.
- the ceramic plate 25 and the aluminum metal layer 32 are in close contact with each other, being thinly extended between the bonding material layer 33 and forming a layer.
- the temporary fixing material 41 is cooled in a state where the ceramic plate 25 and the aluminum metal layer 32 are positioned, thereby forming a laminated body 83 in which the ceramic plate 25 and the aluminum metal layer 32 are temporarily fixed (lamination step). .
- the ceramic plate 25 and the aluminum metal layer 32 are interposed between the ceramic plate 25 and the aluminum metal layer 32 by pressing the laminate in the stacking direction and heating in a vacuum.
- the power module substrate 11 can be manufactured by brazing with the bonding material layer 33 thus formed (bonding step).
- the temporary fixing material 41 is attached to the surface of the bonding material layer 33 of the aluminum metal layer 32.
- the temporary fixing material 41 may be attached to the surface of the ceramic plate 25.
- FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5C shows a power module substrate with heat sink (joint of the present invention) 12 manufactured according to the present invention
- the power module substrate 12 with a heat sink includes a heat module (first member of the present invention) 51 and a power module substrate in which aluminum metal layers 37 and 38 are brazed to both surfaces of the ceramic plate 36 (second member of the present invention). 35, and is manufactured by joining one aluminum metal layer 38 of the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51.
- the heat sink 51 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape using pure aluminum or aluminum alloy (simply referred to as aluminum) having a purity of 99.90% or more.
- the bonding material layer 55 is formed in advance on either the aluminum metal layer 38 or the heat sink 51 of the power module substrate 35.
- the bonding material layer 55 for example, a clad material formed in three layers by laminating an Al—Si—Mg brazing material on both surfaces of a 3003 series aluminum alloy plate can be adopted.
- a bonding material layer temporary fixing material 44 containing a saturated fatty acid as a main component is applied to the surface of the aluminum metal layer 38, and the bonding material layer temporary fixing material 44 is melted. Then, the aluminum metal layer 38 and the bonding material layer 55 are brought into close contact with each other via the bonding material layer temporary fixing material 44 by overlapping the bonding material layer 55. Then, the aluminum material layer 38 and the bonding material layer 55 are cooled, and the bonding material layer temporary fixing material 44 is cooled, whereby the aluminum metal layer 38 and the bonding material layer 55 are bonded (temporarily fixed).
- the same temporary fixing material 42 as the bonding material layer temporary fixing material 44 is applied to the surface of the heat sink 51, and the bonding material layer 55 is bonded onto the heat sink 51 in a state where the temporary fixing material 42 is melted.
- the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51 are brought into close contact with each other by superimposing the power module substrates 35 thus formed.
- the laminated body 84 which temporarily fixed the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51 is formed by cooling the temporary fixing material 42 in a state where the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51 are positioned (stacking step). .
- the laminated body 84 (the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51) is heated in a nitrogen atmosphere under atmospheric pressure while being pressed in the lamination direction, whereby the power module substrate 35 and the heat sink 51 are interposed therebetween. Then, the power module substrate 12 with a heat sink is manufactured by brazing with the bonding material layer 55 (bonding step).
- FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6C shows a power module substrate with heat sink (joint of the present invention) 13 manufactured according to the present invention.
- the power module substrate 13 with a heat sink includes a heat module (first member of the present invention) 52 and a power module substrate (a second member of the present invention) in which aluminum metal layers 47 and 48 are brazed to both surfaces of the ceramic plate 46. 45, and is manufactured by bonding one aluminum metal layer 48 of the power module substrate 45 and the heat sink 52.
- the heat sink 52 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape from pure copper or a copper alloy (simply referred to as copper).
- a temporary fixing material 43 containing a saturated fatty acid as a main component is applied to the power module substrate 45.
- the power module substrate 45 and the heat sink 52 are brought into close contact with each other through the temporary fixing material 43 by overlapping the heat sink 52 with the temporary fixing material 43 being melted.
- the temporary fixing material 43 is formed (stacking step).
- the power source substrate 45 and the heat sink 52 are temporarily fixed, and the laminate 85 is pressurized in the laminating direction and heated below the eutectic temperature of copper and aluminum.
- the aluminum metal layer 48 of the module substrate 45 and the heat sink 52 are bonded to each other by solid phase diffusion bonding by diffusing copper and aluminum to each other to manufacture the power module substrate 13 with a heat sink (bonding step).
- FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7D shows a power module substrate with heat sink (multilayer joined body of the present invention) 14 manufactured according to the present invention
- the power module substrate 14 with a heat sink includes a copper circuit board (first member of the present invention) 70 and a ceramic substrate (second member of the present invention) 75 in which aluminum metal layers 72 and 73 are laminated on both surfaces of the ceramic plate 71.
- a heat sink (third member of the present invention) 53 and joins one aluminum metal layer 72 and the copper circuit board 70 of the ceramic substrate 75, and joins the other aluminum metal layer 73 and the heat sink 53. It is manufactured by.
- the heat sink 53 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape from pure copper or a copper alloy (simply referred to as copper).
- a temporary fixing material 81 containing a saturated fatty acid as a main component is applied to the copper circuit board 70.
- the ceramic substrate 75 and the copper circuit board 70 are brought into close contact with each other through the temporary fixing material 81 by overlapping the ceramic substrate 75 with the temporary fixing material 81 being melted.
- the temporary fixing material 81 is formed (stacking step).
- the temporary fixing material 81 can be attached to the surface of the ceramic substrate 75 (aluminum metal layer 72) instead of the copper circuit board 70.
- an unsaturated fatty acid having a melting point lower than that of the temporary fixing material 81 is applied to the laminated body 76 in which the ceramic substrate 75 and the copper circuit board 70 formed in the lamination step are temporarily fixed.
- the second temporary fixing material 82 has a sufficiently lower melting point than stearic acid. What has lauric acid (C12, melting
- the second temporary fixing material 82 is applied to the aluminum metal layer 73 of the laminated body 76, and the second temporary fixing material 82 is melted by the temporary fixing material 81.
- the laminated body 76 and the heat sink 53 are brought into intimate contact with each other through the second temporary fixing material 82 by setting the laminated body 76 and the heat sink 53 to be in a state of being melted at a temperature lower than the temperature.
- the laminated body 76 and the heat sink 53 are fixed by the second temporary fixing material 82, and the second laminated body 77 in which the laminated body 76 and the heat sink 53 are temporarily fixed is obtained.
- the second temporary fixing material 82 can be attached to the surface of the heat sink 53 instead of the aluminum metal layer 73 of the stacked body 76.
- the temporary fixing material 81 is used.
- the heat sink 53 can be temporarily fixed in a state where the copper circuit board 70 and the ceramic substrate 75 are fixed without melting. That is, the temporary stacking of the stacked body 76 and the heat sink 53 can be performed without causing a positional shift between the copper circuit board 70 and the ceramic substrate 75 in the second stacking step. Therefore, the three members of the copper circuit board 70, the ceramic substrate 75, and the heat sink 53 can be accurately positioned and fixed.
- the 2nd laminated body to which the copper circuit board 70, the ceramic substrate 75, and the heat sink 53 which were formed in this way were temporarily fixed was pressurized to the lamination direction similarly to 1st Embodiment, and copper and aluminum By heating below the eutectic temperature, copper and aluminum can be diffused to each other and bonded by solid phase diffusion bonding (bonding step).
- the copper circuit board 70, the ceramic substrate 75, and the heat sink 53 can be bonded at the same time. Can be manufactured automatically.
- the bonding material layer is formed in advance on either the aluminum metal layer 72 and the circuit board of the ceramic substrate 75, or on either the aluminum metal layer 73 or the heat sink, and each bonding material layer is formed between these members.
- the bonding material layer for example, a clad material formed in three layers by laminating Al—Si—Mg brazing material on both surfaces of a 3003 series aluminum alloy plate can be adopted.
- Test 1 As a conventional example and an example of the present invention, a temporary fixing material shown in Table 1 is dropped on a 30 mm ⁇ 30 mm rectangular, 1.0 mm thick copper plate, and a 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm rectangular, 0.6 mm thick aluminum plate is laminated. A temporarily bonded laminate was formed. Each laminate in the temporarily fixed state is confirmed by visually observing the lateral displacement generated in the aluminum plate by simulating the transport state of the laminate and shaking the copper plate of each laminate laterally at a speed of about 30 mm / s. Body bondability was evaluated.
- Test 2 Each laminate was pressurized at 1.0 MPa in the lamination direction in a vacuum atmosphere and heated at 540 ° C. for 60 minutes to form a joined body. Then, to simulate the usage state of the joined body, an ultrasonic image was obtained for each joined body in the initial state after joining and after being subjected to a cooling cycle between ⁇ 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. 3000 times. With a measuring instrument, the presence or absence of an unjoined portion on the joint surface between the copper plate and the aluminum plate was observed. “Excellent” means that 2% or more unbonded part is not observed on the joint surface, and “bad” means that 5% or more unjoined part or void of 2 mm or more in diameter is recognized. , “Good” is a case where a slight unjoined portion that does not correspond to any of the above is recognized. These results are shown in Table 1.
- the power module substrate having other configurations also includes a metal plate.
- the present invention can be applied when the first member and the second member made of a metal plate or a ceramic plate are joined.
- the present invention can be applied to manufacturing a joined body of a first member and a second member used for applications other than the power module, and pressurizes these laminates. This includes the case of joining without heating and heating.
- the 1st member and the 2nd member were made into the one-to-one relationship, and the joined body was manufactured, but it is not limited to this,
- One 2nd member has two or more things.
- the present invention can be applied to manufacturing various laminated bodies and bonded bodies, such as when the first member is bonded.
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Abstract
Description
まず、銅回路板(第1部材)30の片面に、図2Aに示すように、飽和脂肪酸を主成分とする仮止め材40を塗布する。この仮止め材40には、炭素数10以上30以下とされ、常温(25℃)で固体であり、比較的低融点で液体へと相変態する飽和脂肪酸が好適に用いられる。炭素数10未満では常温で液体となるため取り扱い性が悪く、30を超えると融点が高くなるため、銅回路板30への塗布作業性が悪くなるためである。一方、炭素数が10以上30以下とされる飽和脂肪酸は、融点が32℃~94℃程度とされ、常温で固化した状態とされるが、比較的低い加熱温度で液化させることが可能であるため、取り扱い性に優れる。
次に、図2Bに示すように、予め仮止め材40を塗布した銅回路板30と、セラミックス基板20のアルミニウム金属層22とを重ね合せた状態として、この仮止め材40によって銅回路板30とセラミックス基板20とを仮止めする。
そして、図2Cに示すように、銅回路板30とセラミックス基板20とが仮止めされた積層体80をその積層方向に加圧し、銅とアルミニウムの共晶温度未満で加熱することにより、銅回路板30とセラミックス基板20のアルミニウム金属層22とを、銅とアルミニウムとを相互に拡散させて固相拡散接合により接合し、パワーモジュール用基板10を製造できる。具体的には、真空雰囲気中で、荷重0.3MPa~10MPa、加熱温度400℃以上548℃未満で、5分~240分保持することにより、銅回路板30とセラミックス基板20のアルミニウム金属層22とを接合できる。なお、仮止め材40は、この加熱の初期の段階で分解されて消失する。
従来例および本発明例として、30mm×30mmの矩形、厚み1.0mmの銅板に、表1に示す仮止め材を滴下し、25mm×25mmの矩形、厚み0.6mmのアルミニウム板を積層して仮止めした積層体を形成した。そして、積層体の搬送状態を模して、各積層体の銅板を横に約30mm/sの速度で振ってアルミニウム板に生じた横ずれを目視により確認することにより、仮止め状態にある各積層体の接合性を評価した。横ずれが1mm以下であったものを「優」(excellent)、1mmを超え10mm未満であったものを「良」(good)、10mm以上横ずれが生じていたものを「不良」(bad)とした。
各積層体について、真空雰囲気中で積層方向に1.0MPaで加圧し、540℃で60分間加熱し接合体を形成した。そして、接合体の使用状態を模して、各接合体に対し、接合後の初期状態、及び-40℃と100℃との間の冷熱サイクルを3000回負荷した後の状態で、超音波画像測定器により、銅板とアルミニウム板との接合面における未接合部の有無を観察した。接合面に2%以上の未接合部が認められなかったものを「優」(excellent)、5%以上の未接合部または直径2mm以上のボイドが認められたものを「不良」(bad)とし、いずれにも該当しない軽微な未接合部が認められるものを「良」(good)とした。
これらの結果を表1に示す。
12,13 ヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板(接合体)
14 ヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板(多層接合体)
20,75 セラミックス基板(第2部材)
21,36,46,71 セラミックス板
22,23,37,38,47,48,72,73 アルミニウム金属層
25 セラミックス板(第2部材)
30,70 銅回路板(第1部材)
30a 付着面
32 アルミニウム金属層(第1部材)
33,55 接合材層
35,45 パワーモジュール用基板(第2部材)
40,41,42,43,81 仮止め材
44 接合材層用仮止め材
50 ヒートシンク
51,52 ヒートシンク(第1部材)
53 ヒートシンク(第3部材)
60 電子部品
76,80,83,84,85 積層体
77 第2積層体
82 第2仮止め材
90 製造装置
91 基台
92 ガイドピン
95 積層手段
96 加熱手段(ラバーヒータ)
97 測温手段
98 冷却手段
Claims (22)
- 金属板からなる第1部材と、1つ以上の金属板又はセラミックス板を含む第2部材とのいずれかに、飽和脂肪酸を主成分とする仮止め材を塗布しておき、前記仮止め材を溶融させた状態で前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層して位置合わせし、前記仮止め材を冷却することにより、積層された前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを仮止めした積層体を形成する積層工程と、
前記積層体を積層方向に加圧して加熱することにより、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを接合した接合体を形成する接合工程と
を有することを特徴とする接合体の製造方法。 - 前記仮止め材の前記飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数が10以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層が形成されており、前記積層工程において前記接合材層および前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の接合体の製造方法を適用した多層接合体の製造方法であって、
前記接合工程前に、前記積層工程により形成された前記積層体に金属板からなる第3部材を仮止めする第2積層工程を有し、
前記第2積層工程において、前記積層体又は前記第3部材のいずれかに、前記仮止め材よりも低融点の飽和脂肪酸を主成分とする第2仮止め材を塗布しておき、前記積層体と前記第3部材とを積層する際に前記仮止め材の溶融温度よりも低い温度で前記第2仮止め材を溶融させ、前記積層体と前記第3部材とを位置合わせして積層した後に前記第2仮止め材を冷却することにより、前記積層体と前記第3部材とを仮止めした第2積層体を形成し、
前記接合工程において、前記第2積層体をその積層方向に加圧して加熱することにより、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを接合した前記接合体に対してさらに前記第3部材を接合した多層接合体を形成することを特徴とする多層接合体の製造方法。 - 前記仮止め材の前記飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数が10以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の多層接合体の製造方法。
- 前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層が形成されており、前記積層工程において前記接合材層および前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の多層接合体の製造方法。
- 前記第2積層体又は前記第3部材のいずれかの表面に第2接合材層が形成されており、前記第2積層工程において前記第2仮止め材および前記第2接合材層を介して前記積層体と前記第3部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の多層接合体の製造方法。
- 請求項4に記載される多層接合体の製造方法を適用したヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法であって、
前記第1部材を銅又はアルミニウムからなる回路板とし、
前記第2部材を、セラミックス板の両面にアルミニウム金属層を積層してなるセラミックス基板とし、
前記第3部材を銅又はアルミニウムからなるヒートシンクとし、
前記接合工程において、前記第1部材と前記第2部材の前記アルミニウム金属層の一方とを接合するとともに、前記第2部材の前記アルミニウム金属層の他方と前記第3部材とを接合して、前記多層接合体としてヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板を形成することを特徴とするヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。 - 前記仮止め材の前記飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数が10以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項8記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層が形成されており、前記積層工程において前記接合材層および前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 前記第2積層体又は前記第3部材のいずれかの表面に第2接合材層が形成されており、前記第2積層工程において前記第2仮止め材および前記第2接合材層を介して前記積層体と前記第3部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載される接合体の製造方法を適用したパワーモジュール用基板の製造方法であって、
前記第1部材を銅回路板とし、
前記第2部材を、セラミックス板の両面にアルミニウム金属層を積層してなるセラミックス基板とし、
前記接合工程において前記第2部材の前記アルミニウム金属層の一方と前記第1部材とを接合して、前記接合体としてパワーモジュール用基板を形成することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。 - 前記仮止め材の前記飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数が10以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項12記載のパワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層が形成されており、前記積層工程において前記接合材層および前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項12記載のパワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載される接合体の製造方法を適用したヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法であって、
前記第1部材を銅又はアルミニウムからなるヒートシンクとし、
前記第2部材を、セラミックス板の両面に金属層を積層してなるパワーモジュール用基板とし、
前記接合工程において前記第2部材の前記金属層の一方と前記第1部材とを接合して、前記接合体としてヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板を形成することを特徴とするヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。 - 前記仮止め材の前記飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数が10以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項15記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層が形成されており、前記積層工程において前記接合材層および前記仮止め材を介して前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層することを特徴とする請求項15記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。
- 前記積層工程の前に、前記接合材層を、前記第1部材または前記第2部材のいずれかの表面に接合材層用仮止め材によって仮止めし、
前記積層工程において、前記仮止め材は、前記接合材層が形成されていない前記第1部材または前記第2部材のいずれかに塗布する
ことを特徴とする請求項17記載のヒートシンク付パワーモジュール用基板の製造方法。 - 金属板からなる第1部材と、少なくとも1つの金属板又はセラミックス板を含む第2部材とを、これら第1部材および第2部材のいずれか一方の上に形成された飽和脂肪酸を主成分とする仮止め材により、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを重ね合せた状態に仮止めする積層体の製造装置であって、
前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のうち前記仮止め材が形成された一方を他方の上に搬送して、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層する積層手段と、
前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層する際の前記仮止め材を溶融する加熱手段と
を備えることを特徴とする積層体の製造装置。 - 前記第1部材と前記第2部材との積層後に前記仮止め材を冷却する冷却手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 金属板からなる第1部材と、少なくとも1つの金属板又はセラミックス板を含む第2部材とを、これら第1部材および第2部材のいずれか一方の上に形成された飽和脂肪酸を主成分とする仮止め材により、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを重ね合せた状態に仮止めする積層体の製造装置であって、
前記第1部材又は前記第2部材のうち前記仮止め材が形成された一方の上に他方を搬送して、前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層する積層手段と、
前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを積層する際に前記仮止め材を溶融する加熱手段とを備えることを特徴とする積層体の製造装置。 - 前記第1部材と前記第2部材との積層後に前記仮止め材を冷却する冷却手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項21に記載の積層体の製造装置。
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