WO2015111702A1 - 太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 - Google Patents
太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015111702A1 WO2015111702A1 PCT/JP2015/051848 JP2015051848W WO2015111702A1 WO 2015111702 A1 WO2015111702 A1 WO 2015111702A1 JP 2015051848 W JP2015051848 W JP 2015051848W WO 2015111702 A1 WO2015111702 A1 WO 2015111702A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- sealing film
- ethylene
- olefin copolymer
- mass
- Prior art date
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 103
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- -1 ethylene-propylene-octene Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- JXCAHDJDIAQCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(OC(O)=O)OOC(C)(C)C JXCAHDJDIAQCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGKBXKFWMQLFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylbenzoyl) 4-methylbenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 AGKBXKFWMQLFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)CC(OOC(C)(C)C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C1 NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMBZPVYOQYPBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclododecane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCCCCCCCC1 OTMBZPVYOQYPBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNCDSAZBKYUMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(OOC(C)(C)C)OOC(C)(C)C ZNCDSAZBKYUMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOSXUFXBUISMPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butylperoxyhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOOC(C)(C)C NOSXUFXBUISMPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhex-3-yne Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C#CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGBAASVQPMTVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroperoxy-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OO JGBAASVQPMTVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHKCPIUYSMYEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyclohexylpropan-2-ylperoxy)-2-ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(C(O)=O)OOC(C)(C)C1CCCCC1 CHKCPIUYSMYEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEMBFTKNPXENSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylpentan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)OC(O)=O IEMBFTKNPXENSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQARUDWASOOSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)OC(O)=O BQARUDWASOOSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCl OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFWPZNNZUCPLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-3-methylaniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(N)C=C1C NFWPZNNZUCPLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(ethenyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)C=C NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/022—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being a laminate, i.e. composed of sublayers, e.g. stacks of alternating high-k metal oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell encapsulating film containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, and in particular, a solar cell which is less likely to cause a decrease in adhesive retention during storage and is excellent in transparency.
- the present invention relates to a sealing film.
- a solar cell generally has a surface side transparent protective member 11 made of a glass substrate or the like, a surface side sealing film 13A, a solar cell 14 such as a silicon crystal power generation element, a back side sealing film. 13B and the back surface side protection member (back cover) 12 are laminated in this order, and after deaeration under reduced pressure, the surface side sealing film 13A and the back surface side sealing film 13B are cross-linked and cured by heating and pressurizing, and integrated by bonding. Is manufactured.
- the solar battery is usually used by connecting a plurality of solar battery cells 14 by an interconnector 15 made of a conductive member such as a copper foil. Sealing films 13A and 13B having high insulating properties are used in order to ensure the performance.
- thin-film solar cells such as thin-film silicon-based, thin-film amorphous silicon-based solar cells, and copper indium selenide (CIS) -based solar cells are also being developed.
- transparent substrates such as glass and polyimide substrates
- a power generation element layer such as a semiconductor layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by a chemical vapor deposition method or the like, and a sealing film or the like is laminated thereon and bonded and integrated.
- Patent Document 1 a sealing material for a solar cell comprising a composition containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst (hereinafter also simply referred to as “ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer”) has been developed.
- ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer
- Patent Document 1 an encapsulant comprising a composition containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer having specific physical properties and containing a light stabilizer and an ultraviolet absorber has heat resistance, transparency, flexibility, It is described that it is excellent in durability, yellowing is suppressed, and stable light conversion efficiency can be maintained for a long time.
- the sealing material by including an organic peroxide in the sealing material, it can be crosslinked in a relatively short time and has sufficient adhesive force, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module can be reduced, the productivity is excellent, and the manufacturing cost Further, it is disclosed that the adhesive force to the glass substrate is improved by adding a silane coupling agent to the sealing material.
- an object of the present invention is a sealing film for a solar cell containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide and a silane coupling agent, which is sealed before use.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell sealing film in which a decrease in adhesive force during storage of the stop film is suppressed, and a solar cell using the same.
- the above object is a solar cell sealing film comprising a composition comprising an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide, and a silane coupling agent, wherein the composition comprises Furthermore, magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and the BET specific surface area of the magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is 30 m 2. It is achieved by a solar cell sealing film characterized by being / g or more. By mix
- Preferred embodiments of the solar cell sealing film of the present invention are as follows.
- the magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 30 to 200 m 2 / g.
- the magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 50 to 160 m 2 / g.
- the average particle diameter of the magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m. If the average particle size of the magnesium hydroxide particles or the magnesium oxide particles is too large, the transparency of the sealing film may be reduced, and if too small, the dispersibility of the magnesium hydroxide particles or the magnesium oxide particles may be reduced. is there.
- MFR melt flow rate
- the haze value measured in accordance with JIS K 7105 after crosslinking of the solar cell sealing film is 5.0 or less, and the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 to 1100 nm is 90.5% or more.
- a solar cell that is a highly transparent sealing film and exhibits high light conversion efficiency can be obtained.
- the above object is directed to magnesium hydroxide containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide and a silane coupling agent, and having a BET specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer measured at 190 ° C. under a load of 21.18 N according to JIS-K7210 is 1 to 10 g / 10 min.
- it can be set as the sealing film with further high stability at the time of storage.
- the above object is also achieved by a solar cell characterized in that a solar cell element is sealed with the solar cell sealing film of the present invention.
- the above object is to adhere a solar cell sealing film comprising a composition containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide and a silane coupling agent during storage.
- a method for suppressing a decrease in force wherein the composition further contains magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide having a BET specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. , 0.01 to 0.1 part by mass is achieved.
- a sealing film for a solar cell containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide and a silane coupling agent further has a BET specific surface area within a predetermined range. Since the magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide which is 30 m ⁇ 2 > / g or more is mix
- the solar cell sealing film of the present invention comprises a composition comprising an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide, and a silane coupling agent.
- the composition further comprises Magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide having a BET specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. As shown in the examples described later, by blending magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide, it is possible to prevent a decrease in adhesive force during storage before using the sealing film.
- the content of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide in the composition is preferably 0.02 to 0.1 parts by mass, and 0.03 to 0.09 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. Part is more preferable, and 0.05 to 0.09 is particularly preferable.
- magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2 ) or magnesium oxide (MgO) is not particularly limited, and commercially available particles can be used as appropriate. If the average particle size of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is too large, the effect may be likely to be localized, and if it is too small, the dispersibility in the composition may be reduced. In some cases, the effect of preventing bleeding out of the silane coupling agent is not sufficiently exhibited. Accordingly, the average particle diameter of the magnesium hydroxide particles or the magnesium oxide particles is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 9 ⁇ m, still more preferably 0.1 to 8 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 3 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of magnesium hydroxide particles or magnesium oxide particles refers to the median diameter determined by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement method.
- the BET specific surface area of the magnesium hydroxide particles or the magnesium oxide particles is 30 m 2 / g or more, preferably 30 to 200 m 2 / g, more preferably 50 to 160 m 2 / g. If the BET specific surface area is less than 30 m 2 / g, the adhesive strength with the glass may not be maintained for a long period of time. If the BET specific surface area is too large, the light transmittance decreases due to a decrease in dispersibility in the composition. There is a case.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer contained in the composition of the present invention contains a structural unit derived from ethylene as a main component and further has an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, such as propylene, 1-butene, and 1-to.
- Polymers including terpolymers and the like), including so-called metallocene-catalyzed linear low density polyethylene (m-LLDPE).
- m-LLDPE metallocene-catalyzed linear low density polyethylene
- ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer include an ethylene-1-butene copolymer, an ethylene-1-octene copolymer, an ethylene-4-methyl-pentene-1 copolymer, and an ethylene-butene-hexene.
- Examples thereof include a center polymer, an ethylene-propylene-octene terpolymer, and an ethylene-butene-octene terpolymer.
- the content of ⁇ -olefin in the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 10 to 35% by mass, and still more preferably 15 to 30% by mass. If the ⁇ -olefin content is small, the solar cell sealing film may have insufficient flexibility and impact resistance, and if it is too much, the heat resistance may be low.
- a known metallocene catalyst may be used as the metallocene catalyst for polymerizing the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and there is no particular limitation.
- the metallocene catalyst is generally a compound having a structure in which a transition metal such as titanium, zirconium or hafnium is sandwiched between unsaturated cyclic compounds containing a ⁇ -electron cyclopentadienyl group or a substituted cyclopentadienyl group. And a promoter such as an aluminum compound such as alkylaluminoxane, alkylaluminum, aluminum halide, and alkylaluminum halide.
- Metallocene catalysts are characterized by a uniform active site (single site catalyst), and usually a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution and an approximately equal comonomer content of each molecule is obtained.
- the density of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.860 to 0.930 g / cm 3, and more preferably 0.860 to 0.900 g / cm 3 is preferred.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 g / 10 min or more from the viewpoint of the moldability of the sealing film, In particular, when the sealing film is produced by calendering as described later, it is more preferably 1 to 10 g / 10 minutes, and further preferably 2 to 5 g / 10 minutes. In addition, MFR is measured on condition of 190 degreeC and load 21.18N.
- ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer a commercially available ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer may be used.
- Harmolex series Kernel series manufactured by Nippon Polyethylene Co., Ltd., Evolution series manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., Excellen GMH series, Excellen FX series manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
- the organic peroxide contained in the solar cell sealing film composition of the present invention can be crosslinked by heating to react the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. Thereby, the sealing film for solar cells and another member can fully be adhere
- Any organic peroxide may be used as long as it decomposes at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and generates radicals.
- the organic peroxide is generally selected in consideration of the film formation temperature, the adjustment conditions of the composition, the curing temperature, the heat resistance of the adherend, and the stability during storage. In particular, the one having a decomposition temperature of 70 ° C. or more with a half-life of 10 hours is preferable.
- organic peroxide examples include t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl monocarbonate, t-butylperoxyisopropyl monocarbonate, t-hexylperoxyisopropyl monocarbonate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis.
- the content of the organic peroxide used in the composition for a sealing film for solar cells of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the amount is preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.3 to 1.5 parts by mass. If the content of the organic peroxide is too small, the crosslinking rate may be lowered during the crosslinking and curing, and if it is too large, bleeding out may occur.
- silane coupling agent acts as an adhesion improver between the solar cell sealing film and another member such as a glass substrate.
- examples of the silane coupling agent include 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxypropyl.
- the content of the silane coupling agent used in the composition for a solar cell sealing film of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 0.7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. More preferred is 0.1 to 0.65 parts by mass, and particularly preferred is 0.1 to 0.5 parts by mass. If the content of the silane coupling agent is too small, the adhesive strength may not be sufficient, and if it is too large, bleeding out may occur.
- Cross-linking aid In the composition of the sealing film for solar cells of this invention, you may contain a crosslinking adjuvant as needed.
- the cross-linking aid can improve the gel fraction of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer and improve the adhesion and durability of the sealing film.
- the content of the crosslinking aid is generally 10 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer. Used in the department. Thereby, the sealing film for solar cells which is further excellent in adhesiveness is obtained.
- crosslinking aid generally, a compound having a radical polymerizable group as a functional group
- a trifunctional crosslinking aid such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate, and a (meth) acrylic ester (eg, NK ester) Etc.) of monofunctional or bifunctional crosslinking aids.
- triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate are preferable, and triallyl isocyanurate is particularly preferable.
- the composition of the sealing film for solar cells of this invention you may contain other polymers, such as low density polyethylene (LDPE), in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- plasticizers plasticizers
- ultraviolet absorbers You may contain 1 type (s) or 2 or more types of various additives, such as a light stabilizer, anti-aging agent, an acryloxy group containing compound, a methacryloxy group containing compound, and / or an epoxy group containing compound.
- the MFR of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferably 1 to 10 g / 10 minutes, and more preferably 2 to 5 g / 10 minutes. Thereby, it can be set as the sealing film with further high stability at the time of storage.
- the sealing film obtained by the method of the present invention has good laminating properties and handling properties when manufacturing solar cells.
- the heating temperature during film formation is preferably a temperature at which the organic peroxide does not react or hardly reacts.
- the temperature is preferably 40 to 90 ° C, particularly 40 to 80 ° C.
- the thickness of the solar cell sealing film is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set depending on the application. Generally, it is in the range of 50 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
- the sealing film for solar cell of the present invention can be a sealing film having particularly high transparency since a decrease in transparency due to the blending of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is suppressed. Therefore, the haze value (according to JIS K 7105 (2000)) after crosslinking of the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is preferably 5.0 or less, and more preferably 3.0 or less.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 to 1100 nm after crosslinking of the sealing film is preferably 90.5% or more. Thereby, the solar cell which exhibits high light conversion efficiency can be obtained.
- the present invention reduces the adhesive strength during storage of a solar cell sealing film containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide, and a silane coupling agent. It is also providing a method of suppression. That is, Suppressing a decrease in adhesive strength during storage of a sealing film for solar cells comprising a composition containing an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, an organic peroxide and a silane coupling agent A method, The method further comprises adding 0.01 to 0.1 parts by mass of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention is the same as that of the solar cell sealing film of the present invention.
- the structure of the solar cell of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes a structure in which the solar cell element is sealed by the solar cell sealing film of the present invention.
- the side (light-receiving surface side) where the light of the solar cell is irradiated is referred to as “front surface side”
- the surface opposite to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell is referred to as “back surface side”.
- the solar cell of the present invention uses the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention in which the decrease in adhesive strength during storage is suppressed without impairing transparency, the degree of freedom in production planning is high, and defective products This is a high-quality solar cell that is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the surface-side transparent protective member 11 the surface-side sealing film 13 ⁇ / b> A
- a plurality of solar cells 14 conductive members such as copper foil
- the back-side sealing film 13B and the back-side protection member 12 are laminated in this order, and the sealing film may be cross-linked and cured according to a conventional method such as heating and pressurization.
- the laminate is heated with a vacuum laminator at a temperature of 135 to 180 ° C., further 140 to 180 ° C., particularly 155 to 180 ° C., a degassing time of 0.1 to 5 minutes, and a press pressure of 0.1 to Heat pressing may be performed at 1.5 kg / cm 2 and a press time of 5 to 15 minutes.
- a vacuum laminator at a temperature of 135 to 180 ° C., further 140 to 180 ° C., particularly 155 to 180 ° C., a degassing time of 0.1 to 5 minutes, and a press pressure of 0.1 to Heat pressing may be performed at 1.5 kg / cm 2 and a press time of 5 to 15 minutes.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer contained in the front surface side sealing film 13A and the back surface side sealing film 13B can be crosslinked, and the front surface side sealing film 13A and the back surface side sealing film 13B.
- the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is only a solar cell using a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon crystal solar cell as shown in FIG. 1 if the solar cell sealing film is used. Moreover, it can also be used for sealing films of thin film solar cells such as thin film silicon-based, thin-film amorphous silicon-based solar cells, and copper indium selenide (CIS) -based solar cells.
- the back side sealing is performed on the thin film solar cell element layer formed by chemical vapor deposition on the surface of the front side transparent protective member such as a glass substrate, a polyimide substrate, or a fluororesin transparent substrate.
- the cell for solar cells and a thin film solar cell element are named generically, and are called a solar cell element.
- the surface side transparent protective member 11 is usually a glass substrate such as silicate glass.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is generally from 0.1 to 10 mm, and preferably from 0.3 to 5 mm.
- the glass substrate may generally be chemically or thermally strengthened.
- the back side protective member 12 is preferably a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide. Further, a film obtained by laminating a fluorinated polyethylene film, particularly a fluorinated polyethylene film / Al / fluorinated polyethylene film in this order in consideration of heat resistance and wet heat resistance may be used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a film obtained by laminating a fluorinated polyethylene film, particularly a fluorinated polyethylene film / Al / fluorinated polyethylene film in this order in consideration of heat resistance and wet heat resistance may be used.
- the sealing film for solar cells of this invention has the characteristics in the sealing film used for the surface side and / or back surface side of a solar cell (a thin film solar cell is included). Therefore, the members other than the sealing film such as the front surface side transparent protective member, the back surface side protective member, and the solar battery cell are not particularly limited as long as they have the same configuration as a conventionally known solar battery.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer was crosslinked by heating for a minute. Next, a part of the glass substrate and the sealing film is peeled off, the sealing film is folded back 180 °, and a peeling force at a tensile speed of 100 mm / min is used using a tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, Autograph). Was measured and used as the glass adhesive strength [N / cm] (180 ° folded peel test).
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 to 1100 nm is spectroscopically measured on a sample obtained by crosslinking a sample with a storage period of 0 days in the same manner as in (1).
- the sealing film blended with magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide within the scope of the present invention is able to suppress a decrease in adhesive force even when the storage period is long, and has a haze value and light beam. From the result of the transmittance, it had high transparency.
- Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 7 in which magnesium hydroxide was not blended or only a very small amount was blended, the adhesive strength was reduced when the storage period was long.
- Comparative Examples 3, 4 and 8 having a large amount of magnesium hydroxide the haze value was remarkably increased and the transparency was impaired.
- blended aluminum hydroxide which is a basic hydroxide similar to magnesium hydroxide the fall of the adhesive force at the time of storage was not able to be suppressed.
- the present invention since the decrease in adhesive strength during storage is suppressed without impairing the transparency of the solar cell sealing film, the occurrence of defective products is reduced, and a high-quality solar cell can be provided. it can.
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Abstract
Description
(2)前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムのBET比表面積が50~160m2/gである。
(3)前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムの平均粒径が、0.1~10μmである。水酸化マグネシウム粒子又は酸化マグネシウム粒子の平均粒径が大き過ぎると、封止膜の透明性が低下する場合があり、小さ過ぎると、水酸化マグネシウム粒子又は酸化マグネシウム粒子の分散性が低下する場合がある。
(4)前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体の、JIS-K7210に準じて、190℃、荷重21.18Nの条件で測定したメルトフローレート(MFR)が、1~10g/10分である。成形性に優れる組成物とすることができる。
(5)前記太陽電池用封止膜の架橋後のJIS K 7105に準じて測定したヘイズ値が5.0以下であり、且つ波長400~1100nmの光線透過率が90.5%以上である。特に透明性が高い封止膜であり、高い光変換効率を発揮する太陽電池を得ることができる。
本発明の組成物に含まれるエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体は、エチレン由来の構成単位を主成分とし、更に炭素数3~12のα-オレフィン、例えば、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-へキセン、1-オクテン、4-メチルペンテン-1、4-メチル-へキセン-1、4,4-ジメチル-ペンテン-1等由来の1種又は複数種の構成単位を有するエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(ターポリマー等も含む)であり、いわゆるメタロセン触媒直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン(m-LLDPE)を含む。エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体の具体例としては、エチレン-1-ブテン共重合体、エチレン-1-オクテン共重合体、エチレン-4-メチル-ペンテン-1共重合体、エチレン-ブテン-ヘキセンターポリマー、エチレン-プロピレン-オクテンターポリマー、エチレン-ブテン-オクテンターポリマー等が挙げられる。エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体におけるα-オレフィンの含有量は、5~40質量%が好ましく、10~35質量%がより好ましく、15~30質量%が更に好ましい。α-オレフィンの含有量が少ないと太陽電池用封止膜の柔軟性や耐衝撃性が十分でない場合があり、多過ぎると耐熱性が低い場合がある。
本発明の太陽電池用封止膜の組成物に含まれる有機過酸化物は、加熱により反応させることで、エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体を架橋することができる。これにより、太陽電池用封止膜と他の部材とを十分に接着させることができ、透明性が高い封止膜とすることができる。前記有機過酸化物としては、100℃以上の温度で分解してラジカルを発生するものであれば、どのようなものでも使用することができる。有機過酸化物は、一般に、成膜温度、組成物の調整条件、硬化温度、被着体の耐熱性、保管時の安定性を考慮して選択される。特に、半減期10時間の分解温度が70℃以上のものが好ましい。
前記シランカップリング剤は、太陽電池用封止膜とガラス基板等の他の部材との接着力向上剤として作用する。前記シランカップリング剤としては、3-クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリクロロシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-2-(アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランを挙げることができる。これらシランカップリング剤は、単独で使用しても、又は2種以上組み合わせて使用しても良い。なかでも、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランが特に好ましく挙げられる。
本発明の太陽電池用封止膜の組成物においては、必要に応じて、架橋助剤を含有させてもよい。架橋助剤は、エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体のゲル分率を向上させ、封止膜の接着性及び耐久性を向上させることができるものである。
本発明の太陽電池用封止膜の組成物においては、本発明の効果が損なわれない範囲で、低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)等の他のポリマーを含有させても良い。また、種々の物性(機械的強度、接着性、透明性等の光学的特性、耐熱性、耐光性、架橋速度等)の改良あるいは調整のため、必要に応じて、可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定化剤、老化防止剤、アクリロキシ基含有化合物、メタクリロキシ基含有化合物、及び/又はエポキシ基含有化合物などの各種添加剤を1種又は2種以上含有させてもよい。
本発明の太陽電池用封止膜を製造するには、公知の方法に準じて行えばよい。例えば、エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体を、上記の各材料とともにスーパーミキサー(高速流動混合機)、ロールミル等を用いて公知の方法で混合した組成物を調製し、通常の押出成形、又はカレンダ成形(カレンダリング)等により成形してシート状物を得る方法により製造することができる。
メタロセン触媒を用いて重合されたエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体、有機過酸化物及びシランカップリング剤を含む組成物からなる太陽電池用封止膜の、保管時における接着力の低下を抑制する方法であって、
前記組成物に、さらに水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムを前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体100質量部に対して、0.01~0.1質量部含ませることを特徴とする方法である。
本発明の太陽電池の構造は、本発明の太陽電池用封止膜により太陽電池素子が封止された構造を含んでいれば、特に制限されない。例えば、表面側透明保護部材と裏面側保護部材との間に、本発明の太陽電池用封止膜を介在させて接着一体化させることにより太陽電池用セルを封止させた構造等が挙げられる。なお、本発明において、太陽電池用セルの光が照射される側(受光面側)を「表面側」と称し、太陽電池用セルの受光面とは反対面側を「裏面側」と称する。本発明の太陽電池は、透明性を損なうことなく保管時における接着力の低下が抑制された本発明の太陽電池用封止膜が使用されているので、製造計画の自由度が高く、不良品の発生が低減され、コスト的に有利であり、且つ高品質な太陽電池である。
表1に示す配合で、各材料をロールミルに供給し、85℃で混練して太陽電池用封止膜の組成物を調製した。この組成物を85℃でカレンダ成形し、放冷して太陽電池用封止膜(厚さ0.5mm)を作製した。
(1)封止膜の接着力の保管時の安定性
各太陽電池用封止膜サンプル(長さ1000mm×幅150mm)を保管前と保管後(14日後)について接着力を評価した。保管は、サンプルを包装せずにむき身の状態で、温度40℃、湿度90RH%の恒温器中で14日間放置することにより行った。接着力は、ガラス基板(厚さ3mm)/封止膜/離型PETフィルム(厚さ0.75μm)をこの順で積層し、90℃、10分間仮圧着し、オーブン中で155℃、45分間加熱してエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体を架橋させた。次いで、ガラス基板と封止膜との間を一部剥離して、封止膜を180°折り返して引張試験機(島津製作所社製、オートグラフ)を用いて引張速度100mm/分における引き剥がし力を測定し、ガラス接着力[N/cm]とした(180°折り返しピール試験)。
(2)光線透過率
上記(1)の各太陽電池用封止膜サンプルにおいて、保管期間0日のサンプルを(1)と同様に架橋させた試料について、波長400~1100nmの光線透過率を分光光度計(U-4100(日立製作所社製))を用いてスペクトル測定を行い、その平均値を光線透過率(%)とした。
(3)ヘイズ値
(2)と同一の試料について、JIS K 7105(2000年)に従って、ヘイズメーター(日本電色工業株式会社製 NDH 2000型)を用いてヘイズ値(%)を測定した。
評価結果を下記表に示す。
12 裏面側保護部材
13A 表面側封止膜
13B 裏面側封止膜
14 太陽電池用セル
15 インターコネクタ
Claims (10)
- メタロセン触媒を用いて重合されたエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体、有機過酸化物及びシランカップリング剤を含む組成物からなる太陽電池用封止膜であって、
前記組成物が、さらに水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムを前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体100質量部に対して、0.01~0.1質量部含み、
前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムのBET比表面積が30m2/g以上であることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止膜。 - 前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムのBET比表面積が30~200m2/gである請求項1に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムのBET比表面積が50~160m2/gである請求項1又は2に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムの平均粒径が、0.1~10μmである請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体の、JIS-K7210に準じて、190℃、荷重21.18Nの条件で測定したメルトフローレート(MFR)が、1~10g/10分である請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記太陽電池用封止膜の架橋後のJIS K 7105に準じて測定したヘイズ値が5.0以下であり、且つ波長400~1100nmの光線透過率が90.5%以上である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- メタロセン触媒を用いて重合されたエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体、有機過酸化物及びシランカップリング剤を含み、さらにBET比表面積が30m2g/g以上である水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムを前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体100質量部に対して、0.01~0.1質量部含む組成物から太陽電池用封止膜を製造する方法であって、カレンダ成形を用いることを特徴とする製造する方法。
- 前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体の、JIS-K7210に準じて、190℃、荷重21.18Nの条件で測定したメルトフローレート(MFR)が、1~10g/10分である請求項7に記載の太陽電池用封止膜の製造方法。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜により太陽電池素子を封止してなることを特徴とする太陽電池。
- メタロセン触媒を用いて重合されたエチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体、有機過酸化物及びシランカップリング剤を含む組成物からなる太陽電池用封止膜の、保管時における接着力の低下を抑制する方法であって、
前記組成物に、さらにBET比表面積が30m2/g以上である水酸化マグネシウム又は酸化マグネシウムを前記エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体100質量部に対して、0.01~0.1質量部含ませることを特徴とする方法。
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JP2017085032A (ja) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-18 | 日油株式会社 | 太陽電池用封止材 |
JP2018174318A (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-11-08 | エスケイシー・カンパニー・リミテッドSkc Co., Ltd. | 太陽電池用封止材及びその製造方法、並びにこれを含む太陽電池モジュール |
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US20180286997A1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | Skc Co., Ltd. | Encapsulant for solar cells and solar cell module comprising the same |
US11894575B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2024-02-06 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Cross-linked polyolefin separator and method for producing same |
JP2023514936A (ja) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-04-12 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 高いガラス接着力を有するエチレン/α-オレフィンインターポリマー組成物 |
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