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WO2015192711A1 - 拾音装置及拾音方法 - Google Patents

拾音装置及拾音方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015192711A1
WO2015192711A1 PCT/CN2015/080182 CN2015080182W WO2015192711A1 WO 2015192711 A1 WO2015192711 A1 WO 2015192711A1 CN 2015080182 W CN2015080182 W CN 2015080182W WO 2015192711 A1 WO2015192711 A1 WO 2015192711A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
digital
microphone
amplifiers
digital signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/080182
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李玉龙
覃景繁
王辉
董晓宏
莫运能
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP15809395.5A priority Critical patent/EP3145213B1/en
Publication of WO2015192711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192711A1/zh
Priority to US15/383,167 priority patent/US10015591B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general
    • H03G11/008—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general of digital or coded signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/01—Aspects of volume control, not necessarily automatic, in sound systems

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of audio signal processing, and more particularly, to a sound pickup device and a sound pickup method.
  • the sound collecting device 100 first picks up sound through the microphone 101, and converts the sound signal into an analog electric signal; then the analog electric signal is transmitted to the amplifier 102, and the amplifier 102 outputs the microphone.
  • the weak analog electrical signal is amplified/adapted to the system specification range; the amplified analog electrical signal is then transmitted to an Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) 103 to implement digital conversion of the analog electrical signal.
  • ADC Analog-to-Digital Conversion
  • the recorded data is saved to the memory 104 of the sound collecting device 100 for later playback reproduction.
  • the wide dynamic recording range is an important indicator for measuring the quality of the pickup.
  • the loud volume does not saturate or even damage the device, and the small volume can be recognized, that is, the volume of different sizes can be recorded truthfully.
  • the maximum sound pressure level that a normal sound pickup device can support is generally 115dB to 210dB, which corresponds to the sound pressure level (SPL) of a common ordinary sound source.
  • the audio signal output from the microphone of the sound pickup device or the subsequent processing unit may be saturated to make the sound pickup device unable to completely pick up the sound.
  • the volume of the sound source itself is small, and the sound pressure level decreases as the distance from the sound source increases. Therefore, in order to achieve low volume signal pickup, the pickup device needs to have high sensitivity and high signal to noise ratio, wherein high sensitivity means that extremely weak signals are enough to drive the diaphragm vibration of the microphone to be converted into an electrical signal, high signal noise.
  • the ratio means low enough line noise so that small signals are not submerged in the noise.
  • a typical sound collecting device includes a microphone, a Amplifier and an ADC, at this time, the maximum support for the three indicators of sound pressure, signal-to-noise ratio, and sensitivity are difficult to consider at the same time. For example, if the pickup device is expected to obtain a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio and high sensitivity in a low-volume or typical-volume pickup scene, the electric signal obtained after the microphone is converted will follow the sound pressure under high sound pressure conditions. The enhancement is rapidly increased, which exceeds the sound pressure support capability of the pickup device.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a sound collecting device and a sound collecting method, which can have good sound collecting performance in various sound collecting scenes.
  • a sound collecting device comprising: a digital signal processor, at least one microphone, a plurality of amplifiers, and a plurality of analog to digital converters, the plurality of amplifiers corresponding to the plurality of analog to digital converters, Each of the plurality of amplifiers corresponds to one of the at least one microphones, and at least two of the plurality of amplifiers having mutually different gain values are coupled to the same microphone of the at least one microphone
  • each of the at least one microphone is configured to receive an audio signal and transmit the audio signal to an amplifier corresponding to each of the microphones
  • each of the plurality of amplifiers is configured to receive the The audio signal is amplified to obtain an amplified audio signal, and the amplified audio signal is transmitted to an analog to digital converter corresponding to each of the amplifiers; each of the plurality of analog to digital converters is used to Receiving the audio signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the digital signal processor; the digital signal processor Receiving a plurality of digital
  • the digital signal processor is specifically configured to determine, as the output signal, the digital signal corresponding to the maximum gain value among the unclipped digital signals.
  • the apparatus further includes: a limiter, wherein the two ends of the limiter are respectively associated with at least one of the plurality of amplifiers and the at least one An amplifier is respectively connected to a microphone, and the limiter is used for receiving and limiting the limiter An audio signal sent by the connected microphone, reducing a signal amplitude of the received audio signal, and transmitting the audio signal with a reduced signal amplitude to an amplifier connected to the limiter; the at least one amplifier is specifically configured to receive the at least one The amplifiers are respectively connected to a limiter to transmit a signal whose amplitude is reduced by the audio signal.
  • the at least one microphone is specifically a first microphone, and the first microphone has high sensitivity and high sound overload pressure.
  • the two ends of the limiter are respectively connected to the microphones corresponding to the at least one of the multiple amplifiers and the at least one amplifier respectively, including: Two ends of the frame are respectively connected to the first microphone and a first amplifier corresponding to the first microphone, wherein the plurality of amplifiers comprise the first amplifier; and the plurality of amplifiers have mutually different gain values
  • the at least two amplifiers correspond to the same one of the at least one microphones, including: the first microphone is directly connected to at least two other amplifiers of the plurality of amplifiers other than the first amplifier, wherein the at least two Any two of the other amplifiers have different gain values.
  • the at least one microphone includes a second microphone and a third microphone, wherein the second microphone has high sensitivity, and the third microphone has a high sound overload pressure; At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values among the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same one of the at least one microphones, including: at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values among the plurality of amplifiers The second microphone corresponds.
  • the at least one microphone includes a fourth microphone and a fifth microphone, where the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone have identical physical parameters, the multiple At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values in the amplifier correspond to the same one of the at least one microphone, including: N of the plurality of amplifiers having second gains having mutually different gain values and a fourth microphone corresponding to, and a N of the plurality of amplifiers having mutually different gain values corresponding to the fifth microphone, wherein the N second amplifiers and the N third amplifiers are configured N pairs of amplifiers, each of the pair of N amplifiers comprising a second amplifier and a third amplifier having the same gain value, N being an integer greater than one.
  • the digital signal is The processor is specifically configured to: mix the received first digital signal pair of the plurality of digital signals to obtain an optimized digital signal, wherein the first digital signal pair is included by the first amplifier pair and the second amplifier and The third amplifiers respectively comprise corresponding digital signals, the N pairs of amplifiers comprising the first pair of amplifiers; and the un-cracked digital signals are determined from the set of digital signals consisting of the optimized digital signals and other digital signals, wherein The other digital signal is a digital signal of the plurality of digital signals other than the first digital signal pair.
  • the digital signal processor is further configured to: perform volume equalization processing on the output signal, so that a signal amplitude of the output signal is located in a human ear comfort amplitude interval.
  • a method for collecting sounds comprising: receiving at least one initial audio signal; performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal to obtain a plurality of digital signals, wherein the plurality of The digital signal includes at least two digital signals obtained from a first one of the at least one initial audio signal, and a gain value of any two of the at least two digital signals relative to the first initial audio signal Different; determining an un-cracked digital signal of the plurality of digital signals, and determining an output signal according to a gain value corresponding to the un-clipped digital signal.
  • determining the output signal according to the gain value corresponding to the unclipped digital signal includes: determining, as the digital signal corresponding to the maximum gain value, the digital signal of the uncaught digital signal as output signal.
  • the method before performing the analog amplification processing and the analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal to obtain the plurality of digital signals, the method further includes: reducing a signal amplitude of a portion or all of the at least one initial audio signal; the analog amplification process and the analog to digital conversion process of the at least one initial audio signal, comprising: the at least one initial reduction of a signal amplitude of the partial or all signals
  • the audio signal is subjected to analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain a plurality of digital signals.
  • the at least one initial audio signal further includes a second initial audio signal that is the same as the first initial audio signal; and the at least one initial audio signal is simulated Amplifying processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain a plurality of digital signals, comprising: performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the first initial audio signal to obtain N first digital signals, and the second initial audio The signal is subjected to analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain N second digital signals, wherein the N first digital signals And the N second digital signals form N digital signal pairs, each of the N digital signal pairs including a first digital signal and a second digital signal corresponding to the same gain value, N is An integer greater than one.
  • the method before the determining the un-cracked digital signal of the plurality of digital signals, the method further includes: first digits included by the first digital signal pair And mixing the signal with the second digital signal to obtain a first optimized digital signal, wherein the N digital signal pairs comprise the first digital signal pair; the determining the un-cracked digital signal of the plurality of digital signals, The method includes: determining an unclipped digital signal from a set of digital signals consisting of the first optimized digital signal and other digital signals, wherein the other digital signals are other than the first digital signal pair of the plurality of digital signals Digital signal.
  • the method further includes: performing volume equalization processing on the output signal, so that a signal amplitude of the output signal is located in a human ear comfort amplitude interval.
  • the present invention provides a sound collecting device and a sound collecting method, which are configured with one or more microphones, which may have high sensitivity and/or high sound overload pressure, and adopt multiple An amplifier of the same gain value performs analog amplification processing on an audio signal from the same microphone, converts the audio signal subjected to the analog amplification processing into a digital signal, and determines an un Clipped Digital Signal from the plurality of digital signals and according to the The gain value corresponding to the unclipped digital signal determines the output signal.
  • the sound collecting device can use the digital signal corresponding to the amplifier having the smaller gain value as the output signal; and in the sound pickup scene of the small volume signal, the sound collecting device can A digital signal corresponding to an amplifier having a larger gain value is used as an output signal. Therefore, in various scenarios, the output signal determined by the pickup device is not clipped and has a reasonable gain value, thereby enabling the pickup device to be applied to various pickup scenes, enhancing the user experience.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a typical sound pickup device in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of sound pressure levels corresponding to a typical source scene.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a sound pickup device of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is another schematic block diagram of the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of a sound pickup device of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of another example of the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing still another example of the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example in which the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a small-volume pickup scene.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing an example in which the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a medium volume sound pickup scene.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example in which the sound pickup device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a high volume sound pickup scene.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method of collecting sounds according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sound collecting device in the embodiment of the present invention may be any device having a sound picking function, for example, a handheld terminal device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a voice recorder, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a handheld terminal device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a voice recorder, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a sound pickup device 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sound collecting device 200 includes: at least one microphone 210, a plurality of amplifiers 220, a plurality of analog to digital converters 230, and a digital signal processor (DSP) 240.
  • the plurality of amplifiers 220 and The plurality of analog-to-digital converters 230 are in one-to-one correspondence, each of the plurality of amplifiers 220 corresponds to one of the at least one microphones 210, and the plurality of amplifiers 220 have mutually different gains At least two amplifiers 220 of values correspond to the same one of the at least one microphone 210, wherein
  • Each of the at least one microphone 210 is configured to receive an audio signal and transmit the audio signal to an amplifier 220 corresponding to each of the microphones 210;
  • Each of the plurality of amplifiers 220 is configured to amplify the received audio signal to obtain an amplified audio signal, and transmit the amplified audio to an analog to digital converter 230 corresponding to each of the amplifiers 220. signal;
  • Each of the plurality of analog to digital converters 230 is configured to receive the received audio signal Converting the digital signal to a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the digital signal processor 240;
  • the digital signal processor 240 is configured to receive a plurality of digital signals sent by the plurality of analog-to-digital converters 230, determine an un-cracked digital signal from the received plurality of digital signals, and according to the un-clipped digital The gain value corresponding to the signal determines the output signal.
  • the sound pickup apparatus is configured with one or more microphones which can have high sensitivity and/or high sound overload pressure, and employ a plurality of gain values having mutually different gain values.
  • the amplifier performs analog amplification processing on the audio signal from the same microphone, converts the analog amplified audio signal into a digital signal, and determines an uncaught digital signal from the plurality of digital signals and according to the uncut digital
  • the gain value corresponding to the signal determines the output signal.
  • the sound collecting device can use the digital signal corresponding to the amplifier having the smaller gain value as the output signal; and in the sound pickup scene of the small volume signal, the sound collecting device can A digital signal corresponding to an amplifier having a larger gain value is used as an output signal. Therefore, in various scenarios, the output signal determined by the pickup device is not clipped and has a reasonable gain value, thereby enabling the pickup device to be applied to various pickup scenes, enhancing the user experience.
  • the sound pickup apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention realizes the amplification processing of the audio signal by the amplifier having different amplification gain values, thereby enabling The digital signal processor is prevented from simultaneously amplifying the noise during the amplification of the audio signal, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the audio signal.
  • the number of the at least one microphone 210 may be one or more.
  • the microphone may have high sensitivity and high sound overload pressure, for example, the signal to noise ratio of the microphone may be 66 dB, the sensitivity is -38 dB, and the sound overload pressure is 136 dB.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the type of the microphone.
  • the number of the at least one microphone 210 is plural, some of the plurality of microphones may have high sensitivity and a general sound overload pressure, while other microphones may have high sound overload pressure and general sensitivity to adapt to different Picking up a scene; or the plurality of microphones may have identical physical parameters, that is, the plurality of microphones are the same microphone, and the plurality of microphones have high sensitivity and sound overload pressure at the same time, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited this.
  • each of the at least one microphone 210 may correspond to at least one of the plurality of amplifiers 220, and each of the plurality of amplifiers 220 may be associated with the at least one of the plurality of amplifiers 220
  • One of the microphones 210 corresponds to one of the microphones 210.
  • an amplifier 220 having at least two mutually different gain values of the plurality of amplifiers 220 corresponds to the same one of the at least one of the microphones 210, wherein any two of the at least two amplifiers Have different gain values.
  • the multiple amplifiers 220 may each correspond to the only microphone; and if the number of the at least one microphone 210 is multiple, the multiple At least two amplifiers of the amplifiers 220 may correspond to the same microphone, and amplifiers other than the at least two amplifiers may correspond to other microphones than the same microphone, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited this.
  • At least two amplifiers corresponding to the same microphone 210 of the plurality of amplifiers 220 have mutually different gain values.
  • the at least two amplifiers may be ordered in descending order of gain values.
  • the difference between the gain values of any two adjacent amplifiers of the sorted at least two amplifiers may be A fixed value, for example, 30 dB, that is, the gain values of the at least two amplifiers constitute an arithmetic progression.
  • the at least two amplifiers are specifically three amplifiers having gain values of -30 dB, 0 dB, and 30 dB, respectively, but the embodiment of the present invention
  • the at least two amplifiers may include an amplifier having a gain value of a negative or zero, and if the plurality of amplifiers include other amplifiers than the at least two amplifiers, the gain values of the other amplifiers
  • the gain value may be equal to one of the at least two amplifiers, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the plurality of analog-to-digital converters 230 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of amplifiers 220.
  • Each of the analog-to-digital converters 230 is configured to receive an audio signal transmitted by the amplifier 220 corresponding to the analog-to-digital converter 230, and receive the received audio signal.
  • the audio signal is converted to a digital signal.
  • Each of the analog to digital converters 230 and the amplifier 220 corresponding to the analog to digital converter 230 constitute an analog channel for performing amplification processing and analog to digital conversion processing on the received audio signal to obtain a digital signal.
  • the digital signal obtained by each of the analog channels is transmitted to the digital signal processor 240.
  • the digital signal processor 240 is configured to receive a digital signal sent by each of the plurality of analog to digital converters 230, that is, receive a plurality of digital signals, and determine the number according to the received plurality of digital signals.
  • the output signal of signal processor 240 may first determine one or more unclipped digital signals according to the received plurality of digital signals.
  • the digital signal processor 240 may first apply the plurality of digital signals.
  • the digital signal processor 220 may directly select one or more unclipped digital signals from the received plurality of digital signals without processing the received plurality of digital signals, and the present invention implements This example does not limit this. Then, the digital signal processor 220 can select a digital signal from the one or more unclipped digital signals as an output signal according to the determined gain value corresponding to the one or more unclipped digital signals.
  • embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the digital signal processor 240 can determine whether a digital signal is clipped by a variety of methods.
  • the digital signal processor 240 may determine whether the digital signal is clipped by extracting one or more characteristic parameters of a digital signal, wherein, for example, at least one of the following characteristic parameters is extracted: a digital signal
  • the sampling sample value, the probability distribution of the sample value, the stable duration of the sample value, and the envelope shape of the peak of the sample but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the digital signal processor 240 is specifically configured to: determine the digital signal corresponding to the maximum gain value among the unclipped digital signals as an output signal.
  • the method of collecting sound is as follows: the microphone 210 converts the received sound signal into an analog electrical signal and corresponds to the microphone 210. At least one amplifier 220 transmits the analog electrical signal; after the analog electrical signal is transmitted to at least one amplifier 220 corresponding to the microphone 210, each of the at least one amplifier 220 performs the simulation according to a preset gain value.
  • the electrical signal is subjected to an analog amplification process to change the signal amplitude of the analog electrical signal, and the analog-amplified analog electrical signal is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 230 corresponding to the amplifier 220; when the simulated amplification process is simulated
  • the analog to digital converter 230 converts the received analog electrical signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the digital signal processor 240; finally, the digital signal processor 240 Receiving the digital signal corresponding to the microphone 210 and the digital signal corresponding to the other microphone 210, and receiving according to a plurality of digital signals determining one or more digital signals that are not clipped, wherein if there is only one un Clipped Digital Signal, the digital signal processor 240 can directly use the un Clipped Digital Signal as an output signal, And if there are multiple un-cracked digital signals, the digital signal processor 240 may select a digital signal having the largest gain value from the plurality of un-clipped digital signals as the output signal,
  • the "clipped" audio signal refers to a waveform saturated audio.
  • the signal specifically, the clipped analog signal refers to an analog signal whose waveform is directly saturated, and the clipped digital signal refers to a digital signal whose sampled sample value is saturated, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • both the amplifier and the analog-to-digital converter are possible to clip, so the “clipped digital signal” can either be clipped by the amplifier to the analog electrical signal or by the analog-to-digital converter clipping the digital signal, or The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the signal amplitude of the audio signal sent by the microphone 210 may be relatively large, and the signal amplitude is relatively large.
  • Large audio signals may be clipped due to exceeding the maximum sound pressure supported by amplifier 220 and/or analog to digital converter 230 corresponding to the microphone 210, for example, common amplifier and analog to digital converter supply voltages ( Voltage Drain Drain, VDD) is about 1.8V, assuming that the microphone's sound overload pressure is 136dB sound pressure level and the sensitivity is -42dB.
  • VDD Voltage Drain Drain
  • the sensitivity formula (1) it can be known that the 94dB sound pressure level input signal passes through the After the microphone, the voltage of the audio signal is about 7.94mV.
  • S represents sensitivity.
  • the voltage of the audio signal output by the microphone is about 999.6 mV under the condition that the sound pressure level of the input signal is 136 dB of the maximum sound pressure level supported by the microphone.
  • the voltage value corresponds to a voltage peak of approximately 2.8 mV, which is clearly beyond the power supply voltage of a typical amplifier and analog to digital converter.
  • a signal processing unit may be disposed in front of the amplifier to process the audio signal such that the audio signal is in the amplifier and analog-to-digital conversion of the amplifier. Within the power supply voltage of the device.
  • the apparatus 200 further includes: a limiter 250, wherein the two ends of the limiter 250 are respectively coupled to at least one of the plurality of amplifiers 220. And a microphone 210 corresponding to each of the at least one amplifier 220,
  • the limiter 250 is configured to receive an audio signal sent by the microphone 210 connected to the limiter 250, reduce the received signal amplitude of the audio signal, and send a signal amplitude decrease to the amplifier 220 connected to the limiter 250.
  • the audio signal ;
  • the at least one amplifier 220 is specifically configured to receive the audio signal whose signal amplitude is reduced by the limiter 250 respectively connected to the at least one amplifier 220.
  • the sound collecting device 200 may include one or more limiters 250, wherein each The limiter 250 may be disposed between an amplifier 220 and a microphone 210 corresponding to the amplifier 220 for reducing the amplitude of the received audio signal sent by the microphone 210 and transmitting the reduced amplitude to the amplifier 210. audio signal.
  • each The limiter 250 may be disposed between an amplifier 220 and a microphone 210 corresponding to the amplifier 220 for reducing the amplitude of the received audio signal sent by the microphone 210 and transmitting the reduced amplitude to the amplifier 210. audio signal.
  • the limiter 250 can be implemented by an operational amplifier with a negative gain value, but the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the at least one microphone 210 is specifically a first microphone, and the first microphone has high sensitivity and high sound overload pressure.
  • the two ends of the limiter are respectively connected to at least one of the plurality of amplifiers and a microphone corresponding to the at least one amplifier, respectively, including:
  • the first amplifier 220 is connected to the first microphone 210 and the first amplifier 220 corresponding to the first microphone 210, wherein the plurality of amplifiers 220 include the first amplifier 220;
  • At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values of the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same one of the at least one microphones, including:
  • the first microphone 210 is directly connected to at least two other amplifiers of the plurality of amplifiers 220 except the first amplifier 220, wherein any two of the at least two other amplifiers 220 have different gain values. .
  • the at least two other amplifiers 220 have mutually different gain values.
  • the gain value of the first amplifier may be different from the gain value of any of the at least two other amplifiers, or may be the same as the gain value of one of the at least two other amplifiers. This example does not limit this.
  • the output signal determined by the digital signal processor 220 may be derived from the first amplifier.
  • the output signal may be derived from an amplifier having a maximum gain value among at least two other amplifiers having mutually different gain values; and in a medium volume pickup scene, the output signal may be An amplifier having a medium or small gain value among the at least two other amplifiers having mutually different gain values, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the at least one microphone 210 includes a second microphone and a third microphone, wherein the second microphone has high sensitivity, and the third microphone With high sound overload pressure;
  • At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values of the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same one of the at least one microphones, including:
  • At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values among the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the second microphone.
  • the third microphone may correspond to one or more of the plurality of amplifiers 220, and the at least two amplifiers having different gain values may be specifically the third microphone 220 Other amplifiers than the one or more amplifiers, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the second microphone since the second microphone has high sensitivity, it can be mainly applied to a small volume and medium volume pickup scene, and the third microphone has a high sound overload pressure, which can be mainly applied to a large volume pickup scene.
  • a limiter 250 may be disposed in front of an amplifier corresponding to the third microphone to reduce audio input to an amplifier corresponding to the three microphones The signal amplitude of the signal, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the output signal determined by the digital signal processor 240 may be derived from the second microphone, and the output signal may be from the second microphone under different signal amplitude conditions.
  • the output signal determined by the digital signal processor 240 may be derived from the third microphone, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the at least one microphone 210 includes a fourth microphone 210 and a fifth microphone 210, wherein the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone have identical physical parameters.
  • At least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values of the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same one of the at least one microphones, including:
  • the amplifier 220 corresponds to the fifth microphone 210, wherein
  • the N second amplifiers and the N third amplifiers form N amplifier pairs, each of the N amplifier pairs includes a second amplifier and a third amplifier having the same gain value, N being greater than 1 The integer.
  • the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone may be the same microphone and respectively correspond to the plurality of microphones
  • the amplifier 220 has N amplifiers having mutually different gain values, wherein N ⁇ M/2, and M is the number of the plurality of amplifiers.
  • the gain values of the N second amplifiers and the N third amplifiers are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, if the N second amplifiers and the N third amplifiers are respectively sorted according to the magnitude of the gain value,
  • the gain value of the ith second amplifier of the N second amplifiers is equal to the gain value of the ith third amplifier of the N third amplifiers, and the ith second The amplifier and the ith third amplifier form an amplifier pair, wherein 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • the limiter 250 may be disposed in front of at least one of the N second amplifiers and/or the N third amplifiers, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the output signals determined by the digital signal processor 240 may come from different amplifiers and/or microphones under different pickup scenes.
  • the output signal determined by the digital signal processor 240 may be derived from the N second amplifiers and/or the N third amplifiers with a larger gain when the input signal is a continuous low volume pickup scene. a value amplifier; and in a continuous high volume pickup scene, the output signal may be from an amplifier having a smaller gain value among the N second amplifiers and/or the N third amplifiers, or from the N The second amplifier and/or the amplifier of the N third amplifiers in which the finite frame is previously disposed, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • each of the at least one amplifier pair may be The amplifiers mix the two digital signals that are output.
  • the digital signal processor 240 is specifically configured to:
  • An uncapped digital signal is determined from a set of digital signals consisting of the optimized digital signal and other digital signals, wherein the other digital signal is a digital signal other than the first digital signal pair of the plurality of digital signals.
  • the digital signal transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter corresponding to the N second amplifiers is hereinafter referred to as a first digital signal
  • the digital signal transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter corresponding to the N third amplifiers respectively a second digital signal, a first digital signal transmitted by an analog to digital converter corresponding to a second amplifier of an amplifier pair, and an analog to digital converter corresponding to a third amplifier of the pair of amplifiers
  • the two digital signals form a pair of digital signals.
  • the digital signal processor 240 can mix the one or more digital signal pairs of the N digital signal pairs wherein, if the digital signal processor 240 performs a mixing process on the plurality of digital signal pairs, the digital signal processor 240 can include the first number included in each of the plurality of digital signal pairs The signal and the second digital signal are subjected to a mixing process to obtain a plurality of optimized digital signals, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the sound holes of the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone may be disposed as close as possible without affecting each other.
  • embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the digital signal processor 240 can selectively mix a portion of the N digital signal pairs, for example, a digital signal pair corresponding to a maximum gain value and/or a number processed by the limiter 250 For the signal pair, all the digital signal pairs of the N digital signal pairs may also be mixed, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. If the digital signal processor 240 performs a mixing process on the L digital signal pairs of the N digital signal pairs, 1 ⁇ L ⁇ N, the digital signal processor 240 can be obtained from the mixing process. Among the L optimized digital signals and the 2 ⁇ (NL) digital signals from the other (NL) amplifier pairs, the uncured digital signals are selected, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • an optimized digital signal having a higher signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained, thereby further improving the sound pickup capability and user experience of the sound pickup device.
  • the digital signal processor 240 may further perform volume equalization processing on the output signal to further improve the user experience.
  • the digital signal processor 240 is further configured to perform volume equalization processing on the output signal such that a signal amplitude of the output signal is located in a human ear comfort amplitude interval.
  • the volume equalization processing may be implemented by a target level mode in a conventional level adjustment algorithm.
  • the human ear comfort amplitude interval may be a signal amplitude interval that the user sounds comfortable, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the digital signal processor 240 may reduce the signal amplitude of the output signal; if the signal amplitude of the output signal is lower than the human ear comfort amplitude interval, The digital signal processor 220 can increase the signal amplitude of the output signal; and if the signal amplitude of the output signal is in the human ear comfort amplitude interval, the digital signal processor 240 can directly output the output signal without performing the above-described volume equalization processing. Therefore, the signal amplitude of the finally outputted digital signal is always located in the human ear comfort amplitude interval, thereby improving the user experience, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the digital signal processor 240 is further configured to: if currently determined The output signal corresponding to the amplifier is different from the amplifier corresponding to the last output digital signal, and the currently determined output signal is phase-synchronized so that the currently determined phase of the output signal and the last outputted number The phase of the signal is smoothly transitioned.
  • the digital signal processor 240 can perform phase synchronization on the current output signals.
  • the processing is such that the phase of the output signal is smoothly coupled with the phase of the last output digital signal, so that the audio signal picked up by the pickup device twice before and after is continuous, further improving the user experience.
  • the digital signal processor 240 may further perform amplitude normalization processing on the currently determined output signal, to The amplitude of the output signal is made to coincide with the amplitude of the last output digital signal, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the sound collecting device 200 may further include a detecting unit configured to detect whether the at least one microphone 210 included in the sound collecting device 200 is in an in-position state, and correspondingly, the at least one microphone 210 The microphone 210 in the in-position state receives the audio signal.
  • the microphone that is not in the in-position state may be caused by a hardware fault or a physical blockage, etc., which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sound pickup apparatus is configured with one or more microphones which can have high sensitivity and/or high sound overload pressure, and employ a plurality of gain values having mutually different gain values.
  • the amplifier performs analog amplification processing on the audio signal from the same microphone, converts the analog amplified audio signal into a digital signal, and determines an uncaught digital signal from the plurality of digital signals and according to the uncut digital
  • the gain value corresponding to the signal determines the output signal.
  • the sound collecting device can use the digital signal corresponding to the amplifier having the smaller gain value as the output signal; and in the sound pickup scene of the small volume signal, the sound collecting device can A digital signal corresponding to an amplifier having a larger gain value is used as an output signal. Therefore, in various scenarios, the output signal determined by the pickup device is not clipped and has a reasonable gain value, thereby enabling the pickup device to be applied to various pickup scenes, enhancing the user experience.
  • the sound pickup device 200 is applied to various sound pickup scenes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the configuration of the sound collecting device 200 is similar to the sound collecting device 200 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the sound collecting device 200 includes two identical microphones 210, a fourth microphone and a fifth wheat.
  • each microphone 210 corresponds to three amplifiers 220 having gain values of 20 dB, 0 dB, and -20 dB, respectively; the three amplifiers corresponding to the fourth microphone and the three amplifiers corresponding to the fifth microphone are configured Three amplifier pairs, each amplifier pair includes two amplifiers having the same gain value; the digital signal processor DSP mixes the corresponding digital signal pairs of the three amplifier pairs to obtain three optimized digital signals, and One of the three optimized digital signals is selected as an output signal.
  • three DSPs are shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 10, however, in actual implementation, the number of the DSPs may be one, that is, a DSP performs mixing processing on three digital signal pairs, The embodiment of the invention does not limit this.
  • the DSP can select an optimized digital signal corresponding to the maximum gain value (+20 dB) from the three optimized digital signals as an output signal.
  • the signal amplitudes of the audio signals received by the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone are at a medium level.
  • the DSP may select a corresponding one of the three optimized digital signals.
  • the optimized digital signal at a medium gain value (0 dB) is used as the output signal.
  • the signal amplitude of the audio signal received by the fourth microphone and the fifth microphone is large, and both amplifiers with a gain value of +20 dB are cut by the received audio signal.
  • the DSP can select an optimized digital signal corresponding to the minimum gain value (-20 dB) from the three optimized digital signals as an output signal.
  • FIGS. 3 through 10 are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic flow chart of a sound pickup method 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may be performed by the sound pickup device 200, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 11, the method 300 includes:
  • S310 Receive at least one initial audio signal.
  • S320 performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal to obtain a plurality of digital signals, wherein the plurality of digital signals include the at least one initial tone At least two digital signals obtained from the first initial audio signal in the frequency signal, and any two of the at least two digital signals are different in gain value with respect to the first initial audio signal;
  • S330 Determine an un-cracked digital signal of the plurality of digital signals, and determine an output signal according to a gain value corresponding to the un-clipped digital signal.
  • At least one initial audio signal is received by at least one microphone, and an audio amplification signal from the same microphone is subjected to analog amplification processing using a plurality of amplifiers having different gain values, and analog amplification is performed.
  • the processed audio signal is converted into a digital signal, and an un-cracked digital signal is determined from the plurality of digital signals and an output signal is determined based on a gain value corresponding to the un-clip digital signal.
  • the pickup device can select a digital signal corresponding to an amplifier having a smaller gain value as an output signal; and in a scene of a small volume signal, the pickup device can be selected to have a larger The digital signal corresponding to the amplifier of the gain value is used as the output signal. Therefore, in various scenarios, the audio signal picked up by the method is not clipped and has a reasonable gain value, so that the pickup method can be applied to various pickup scenes and enhance the user experience.
  • S310 may be performed by at least one microphone 210 of the sound pickup device 200, which may have the same or different physical parameters.
  • S320 can be specifically as follows:
  • the plurality of amplified audio signals includes at least two amplified audio obtained from a first one of the at least one initial audio signal a signal, and any two of the at least two amplified audio signals have different gain values relative to the first initial audio signal;
  • the two steps in the above S320 may be performed by the plurality of amplifiers 220 and the plurality of analog-to-digital converters 230, respectively, and the S330 may be performed by the digital signal processor 240, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • each initial audio signal in the at least one initial audio signal may be subjected to analog amplification processing by one or more amplifiers to obtain one or more corresponding to the initial audio signal.
  • An amplified audio signal wherein the first initial audio signal of the at least one initial audio signal is subjected to analog amplification processing by at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values to obtain a difference with respect to the first initial audio signal At least two gain values Amplified audio signal.
  • the gain values of the plurality of amplifiers may be positive, zero or negative, corresponding to increasing, changing or decreasing the signal amplitude of the initial audio signal, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • each of the plurality of amplified audio signals obtained after the analog amplification processing is performed may be converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter.
  • S330 determining an output signal according to the gain value corresponding to the unclipped digital signal, including:
  • the digital signal corresponding to the maximum gain value of the unclipped digital signal is determined as an output signal.
  • the method 300 further includes:
  • S230 performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal, comprising: performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal with reduced signal amplitude of part or all of the signals, Get multiple digital signals.
  • the number of the at least one initial audio signal is M, M ⁇ 1, and in the method 300, the P initial audio signals in the M initial audio signals are subjected to a magnitude reduction process, wherein 1 ⁇ P ⁇ M
  • the S320 may be specifically configured to perform an analog amplification process and a subsequent analog-to-digital conversion process on the initial audio signal and the (MP) initial audio signals after the amplitude reduction of the P signals, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the at least one initial audio signal further includes a second initial audio signal that is the same as the first initial audio signal
  • S320 performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the at least one initial audio signal to obtain a plurality of digital signals, including:
  • N first digital signals Performing an analog amplification process and an analog-to-digital conversion process on the first initial audio signal to obtain N first digital signals, and performing analog amplification processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the second initial audio signal to obtain N second a digital signal, wherein the N first digital signals and the N second digital signals form N digital signal pairs, each of the N digital signal pairs including a first having the same gain value A digital signal and a second digital signal, N being an integer greater than one.
  • the second amplifier may have a second amplifier different from each other.
  • An initial audio signal is subjected to analog amplification processing to obtain N first amplified audio signals, and then the N first analog amplified audio signals are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing using N analog-to-digital converters to obtain N first digital signals.
  • the second initial audio signal may be subjected to analog amplification processing by N third amplifiers having different mutualities to obtain N second amplified audio signals, and then N digital analog-to-digital converters are used.
  • the second amplified audio signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain N second digital signals.
  • the N second amplifiers have a one-to-one correspondence with the gain values of the N third amplifiers, and correspondingly, the N first amplified audio signals obtained by the first initial audio signal are relative to the first initial audio signal.
  • the gain value is equal to the gain value of the N second amplified audio signals obtained by the second initial audio signal with respect to the second initial audio signal, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the method 300 further includes the following steps:
  • S330 determining an un-cracked digital signal of the plurality of digital signals, including:
  • the first digital signal pair may be specifically at least one digital signal pair, and the two digital signals included in each of the at least one digital signal pair may be subjected to a mixing process to obtain
  • the digital signal pair corresponds to the optimized digital signal, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio of the optimized digital signal obtained by one digital signal pair is higher than the signal-to-noise ratio of the two digital signals included in the digital signal pair, but the embodiment of the present invention does not Limited to this.
  • the method 300 further includes: performing volume equalization processing on the output signal such that a signal amplitude of the output signal is located in a human ear comfort amplitude interval.
  • the method 300 further includes: if the currently determined output channel corresponding to the output signal is different from the transmission channel corresponding to the last output digital signal, performing phase synchronization on the currently determined output signal. Processing to cause a smooth transition of the currently determined phase of the output signal to the phase of the last output digital signal.
  • the execution body of the sound pickup method 300 may correspond to a sound pickup apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the respective steps of the sound pickup method 300 may be performed by each of the sound pickup apparatuses 200. Modules and/or function implementations are not described here for brevity.
  • At least one initial audio signal is received by at least one microphone, and an audio amplification signal from the same microphone is subjected to analog amplification processing using a plurality of amplifiers having different gain values, and analog amplification is performed.
  • the processed audio signal is converted into a digital signal, and an un-cracked digital signal is determined from the plurality of digital signals and an output signal is determined based on a gain value corresponding to the un-clip digital signal.
  • the pickup device can select a digital signal corresponding to an amplifier having a smaller gain value as an output signal; and in a scene of a small volume signal, the pickup device can be selected to have a larger The digital signal corresponding to the amplifier of the gain value is used as the output signal. Therefore, in various scenarios, the audio signal picked up by the method is not clipped and has a reasonable gain value, so that the pickup method can be applied to various pickup scenes and enhance the user experience.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method of configuring a sound collecting device, which may be performed by any suitable device, wherein the device may have an interface for interacting with a user such that the device can be executed according to user instructions.
  • the method but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto. The method includes:
  • the sound collecting device comprises at least one microphone and a plurality of amplifiers, wherein each of the plurality of amplifiers corresponds to one of the at least one microphone, and the The at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values among the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same microphone.
  • a method of configuring a sound collecting device determines a target configuration mode by a predetermined plurality of selectable configuration modes respectively corresponding to different application requirements and/or cost constraints, according to actual needs, It can make the configured sound pickup device as cost-effective as possible while meeting the application requirements, thereby improving the user experience.
  • At least one of the following parameters of the sound pickup device is different: the number of microphones, the type of the microphone, the number of amplifiers, and the microphone and the amplifier. The connection between the two.
  • the sound collecting device further includes a limiter, the limiting Between the at least one amplifier of the plurality of amplifiers and the microphone corresponding to the at least one amplifier, respectively, for reducing a signal amplitude of the audio signal received by the limiter, and transmitting a signal amplitude to the at least one amplifier After the audio signal.
  • a limiter the limiting Between the at least one amplifier of the plurality of amplifiers and the microphone corresponding to the at least one amplifier, respectively, for reducing a signal amplitude of the audio signal received by the limiter, and transmitting a signal amplitude to the at least one amplifier After the audio signal.
  • determining the target configuration mode from the plurality of optional configuration modes according to the application requirement and the cost constraint of the sound collecting device including:
  • the application requirement of the sound collecting device is that it can be applied to a small volume and a large volume of the sound collecting scene at the same time and the cost constraint of the sound collecting device belongs to a non-strict constraint, determining the target configuration mode as the configuration mode one, wherein In the configuration mode 1, the sound collecting device includes two microphones, and the first microphone of the two microphones has high sensitivity, the second microphone of the two microphones has a high sound overload pressure, and the at least two have mutual An amplifier of different gain values corresponds to the first microphone.
  • This configuration mode 1 may correspond to the sound pickup device shown in FIG. 6, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • a limiter may be disposed in front of the second microphone to avoid receiving by the second microphone. The amplitude of the audio signal is clipped beyond the amplifier corresponding to the second microphone.
  • the sound collecting device further includes a limiter, and an input end of the limiter is connected to an output end of the second microphone, and an output end of the limiter An amplifier connection corresponding to the second microphone is configured to reduce a received signal amplitude of the audio signal sent by the second microphone.
  • determining a target configuration mode from the plurality of optional configuration modes according to an application requirement and a cost constraint of the sound collecting device including:
  • the target configuration mode is the configuration mode 2, wherein In configuration mode two, the pickup device includes a microphone with high sensitivity and high sound overload pressure, a limiter and a plurality of amplifiers.
  • a first output of the microphone is coupled to an input of the limiter, and an output of the limiter is coupled to an input of a first one of the plurality of amplifiers;
  • the second output end of the microphone is respectively connected to the input ends of the at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values, wherein the at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values are specifically included in the plurality of amplifiers Other amplifiers than the first amplifier.
  • the configuration mode 2 may correspond to the sound collecting device shown in FIG. 5, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
  • determining a target configuration mode from the plurality of optional configuration modes according to an application requirement and a cost constraint of the sound collecting device including:
  • the target configuration mode is the configuration mode three, wherein, in the configuration mode three
  • the sound collecting device includes two microphones having identical physical parameters, wherein a first one of the two microphones corresponds to N first amplifiers of the plurality of amplifiers, and the first of the two microphones
  • the two microphones correspond to N second amplifiers of the plurality of amplifiers, and the gain values of the N first amplifiers and the N second amplifiers are in one-to-one correspondence, and N is an integer greater than 1.
  • This configuration mode 3 may correspond to the sound pickup device shown in FIG. 7, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • a method of configuring a sound collecting device determines a target configuration mode by a predetermined plurality of selectable configuration modes respectively corresponding to different application requirements and/or cost constraints, according to actual needs, It can make the configured sound pickup device as cost-effective as possible while meeting the application requirements, thereby improving the user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for configuring a sound collecting device, the device comprising:
  • a first determining unit configured to determine a plurality of selectable configuration modes of the sound collecting device
  • a second determining unit configured to determine a target configuration mode from a plurality of selectable configuration modes determined by the first determining unit according to an application requirement and a cost constraint of the sound collecting device;
  • a configuration unit configured to configure the sound collecting device as the target configuration mode determined by the second determining unit
  • the sound collecting device comprises at least one microphone and a plurality of amplifiers, wherein each of the plurality of amplifiers and the at least one microphone One microphone corresponds, and at least two amplifiers having mutually different gain values among the plurality of amplifiers correspond to the same microphone.
  • At least one of the following parameters of the sound pickup device is different: the number of microphones, the type of the microphone, the number of amplifiers, and the microphone and the amplifier. The connection between the two.
  • the device for configuring the sound collecting device may further include an interaction interface, configured to receive a user instruction; and correspondingly, the second determining unit is further configured to determine, according to a user instruction received by the interaction interface,
  • the interaction interface configured to receive a user instruction
  • the second determining unit is further configured to determine, according to a user instruction received by the interaction interface
  • an apparatus for configuring a sound collecting apparatus determines a target configuration mode by a predetermined plurality of selectable configuration modes respectively corresponding to different application requirements and/or cost constraints, according to actual needs, It can make the configured sound pickup device as cost-effective as possible while meeting the application requirements, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the correspondence between the microphone and the amplifier specifically refers to a correspondence relationship of signal transmission, that is, one microphone transmits an audio signal to an amplifier corresponding to the microphone, and accordingly, an amplifier receives the same The audio signal transmitted by the microphone corresponding to the amplifier, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • association relationship describing an associated object indicates that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B may indicate that A exists separately, and A and B exist simultaneously, and B cases exist alone.
  • the character / in this paper generally indicates that the contextual object is an OR relationship.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种拾音装置和方法，该拾音装置包括：数字信号处理器、至少一个麦克风、多个放大器和多个模数转换器，其中，每一个麦克风用于接收音频信号，并向与该麦克风相对应的放大器发送该音频信号；每个放大器用于对接收到的音频信号进行放大，以及向与该放大器对应的模数转换器发送放大后的音频信号；每个模数转换器用于将接收到的音频信号转换为数字信号，并向该数字信号处理器发送该数字信号；该数字信号处理器用于接收该多个模数转换器发送的多个数字信号，从接收到的该多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号，并且根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。本发明公开的拾音装置，能够在各种拾音场景均具有良好的拾音性能。

Description

拾音装置及拾音方法
本申请要求于2014年6月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410277225.1、发明名称为“拾音装置及拾音方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及音频信号处理领域，并且更具体地，涉及拾音装置及拾音方法。
背景技术
录音为手机等手持终端设备的必备功能之一。以图1所示的拾音装置100为例，该拾音装置100首先通过麦克风101拾音，将声信号转换为模拟电信号；然后该模拟电信号被传输至放大器102，放大器102将麦克风输出的微弱模拟电信号放大/适配到系统规格范围内；该放大后的模拟电信号随后被传输至模数转换器(Analog-to-Digital Conversion，ADC)103，实现该模拟电信号的数字化转换；最后，该录音数据被保存至该拾音装置100的存储器104中，以便于以后进行播放重现。
对于上述录音等拾音功能，宽的动态记录范围是衡量拾音质量好坏的重要指标。对于理想的拾音设备，再大的音量也不至于饱和削波甚至损坏器件，而再小的音量也能够辨识，即不同大小的音量都能够如实记录。如图2所示，普通拾音设备能够支持的最大声压级一般为115dB～210dB，这对应于常见普通声源的声压级(Sound Pressure Level，SPL)。因此，在声源的声压级高于210dB的场景下(例如，演唱会现场)，拾音设备的麦克风或后续处理单元输出的音频信号会饱和失真以使得该拾音设备无法完整拾音。另一方面，在小音量信号的场景下，声源本身的音量较小，而且声压级随着与声源距离的增加而降低。因此，为了实现小音量信号拾音，拾音设备需要具有高灵敏度和高信噪比，其中，高灵敏度意味着极其微弱的信号也足以驱动麦克风的振膜震动以转化为电信号，高信噪比意味着足够低的线路噪声，从而使得小信号不会被淹没在噪声中。
如图1所示，在现有技术中，一个典型的拾音装置包括一个麦克风、一 个放大器和一个ADC，此时，最大支持声压、信噪比、灵敏度这三个指标很难同时兼顾。例如，如果期望拾音设备在小音量或典型音量的拾音场景下能够得到足够高的信噪比和高灵敏度，则在高声压条件下，麦克风转换后获得的电信号会随着声压的加强迅速变大，从而超出拾音设备的声压支持能力，此时，即使麦克风的振膜不削波，后端的模拟电路也会削波；而如果期望拾音设备在大音量场景具有较小的信噪比和灵敏度，则在小音量条件下，麦克风转换后的电信号会淹没在噪声信号中的无法辨别。综上所述，如何实现较大动态范围的拾音从而使得一个拾音设备能够同时应用于大音量和小音量场景是本领域亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种拾音装置及拾音方法，能够在各种拾音场景下均具有良好的拾音性能。
第一方面，提供了一种拾音装置，包括：数字信号处理器、至少一个麦克风、多个放大器和多个模数转换器，该多个放大器与该多个模数转换器一一对应，该多个放大器中的每个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的一个麦克风相对应，且该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，其中，该至少一个麦克风中的每一个麦克风用于接收音频信号，并向与该每一个麦克风相对应的放大器发送该音频信号；该多个放大器中的每个放大器用于对接收到的音频信号进行放大，得到放大后的音频信号，以及向与该每个放大器对应的模数转换器发送该放大后的音频信号；该多个模数转换器中的每个模数转换器用于将接收到的音频信号转换为数字信号，并向该数字信号处理器发送该数字信号；该数字信号处理器用于接收该多个模数转换器发送的多个数字信号，从接收到的该多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号，并且根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，该数字信号处理器具体用于：将该未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，该装置还包括：限幅器，其中，该限幅器的两端分别与该多个放大器中的至少一个放大器和与该至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风连接，该限幅器用于接收与该限幅器 连接的麦克风发送的音频信号，降低接收到的该音频信号的信号幅度，并向与该限幅器连接的放大器发送信号幅度降低的该音频信号；该至少一个放大器具体用于接收与该至少一个放大器分别连接的限幅器发送的信号幅度降低的该音频信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，该至少一个麦克风具体为一个第一麦克风，该第一麦克风具有高灵敏度和高声音过载压强。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，该限幅器的两端分别与该多个放大器中的至少一个放大器和该至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风连接，包括：该限幅器的两端分别与该第一麦克风和与该第一麦克风相对应的第一放大器连接，其中，该多个放大器包括该第一放大器；该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：该第一麦克风与该多个放大器中除该第一放大器之外的至少两个其它放大器直接连接，其中，该至少两个其它放大器中的任意两个放大器具有不同的增益值。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，该至少一个麦克风包括第二麦克风和第三麦克风，其中，该第二麦克风具有高灵敏度，该第三麦克风具有高声音过载压强；该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该第二麦克风相对应。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，该至少一个麦克风包括第四麦克风和第五麦克风，其中，该第四麦克风和第五麦克风具有完全相同的物理参数，该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：该多个放大器中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第二放大器与该第四麦克风相对应，且该多个放大器中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第三放大器与该第五麦克风相对应，其中，该N个第二放大器与该N个第三放大器构成N个放大器对，该N个放大器对中的每个放大器对包括具有相同增益值的一个第二放大器和一个第三放大器，N为大于1的整数。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，该数字信号处 理器具体用于：将接收到的该多个数字信号中的第一数字信号对进行混音，获得优化数字信号，其中，该第一数字信号对由第一放大器对包括的第二放大器和第三放大器分别对应的数字信号组成，该N个放大器对中包括该第一放大器对；从由该优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，该其它数字信号为该多个数字信号中除该第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，该数字信号处理器还用于：对该输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得该输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
第二方面，提供了一种拾音方法，包括：接收至少一个初始音频信号；对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，其中，该多个数字信号包括由该至少一个初始音频信号中的第一初始音频信号获得的至少两个数字信号，且该至少两个数字信号中的任意两个数字信号相对于该第一初始音频信号的增益值不同；确定该多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，并根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，该根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号，包括：将该未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，在该对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号之前，该方法还包括：降低该至少一个初始音频信号中的部分或全部信号的信号幅度；该对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，包括：对部分或全部信号的信号幅度降低的该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，该至少一个初始音频信号还包括与该第一初始音频信号相同的第二初始音频信号；该对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，包括：对该第一初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第一数字信号，并且对该第二初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第二数字信号，其中，该N个第一数字信号 和该N个第二数字信号构成N个数字信号对，该N个数字信号对中的每个数字信号对包括对应于相同的增益值的一个第一数字信号和一个第二数字信号，N为大于1的整数。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，在该确定该多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号之前，该方法还包括：将第一数字信号对包括的第一数字信号和第二数字信号进行混音处理，以获得第一优化数字信号，其中，该N个数字信号对包括该第一数字信号对；该确定该多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，包括：从由该第一优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，该其它数字信号为该多个数字信号中除该第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
结合上述可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：对该输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得该输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
基于上述技术方案，本发明提供的拾音装置及拾音方法，配置有一个或多个麦克风，该一个或多个麦克风可以具有高灵敏度和/或高声音过载压强，并且采用多个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器对来自同一个麦克风的音频信号进行模拟放大处理，将进行模拟放大处理后的音频信号转换为数字信号，并从多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号以及根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。这样，在大音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较小增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号；而在小音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较大增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号。因此，在各种场景下，该拾音装置确定的输出信号未削波且具有合理的增益值，从而使得该拾音装置能够适用于各种拾音场景，增强用户体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中一个典型的拾音装置的示意性框图。
图2是典型生源场景所对应的声压级的示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的拾音装置的示意性框图。
图4是本发明实施例的拾音装置的另一示意性框图。
图5是本发明实施例的拾音装置的一个示例的示意性框图。
图6是本发明实施例的拾音装置的另一个示例的示意性框图。
图7是本发明实施例的拾音装置的再一个示例的示意性框图。
图8是本发明实施例的拾音装置应用于小音量拾音场景的示例。
图9是本发明实施例的拾音装置应用于中等音量拾音场景的示例。
图10是本发明实施例的拾音装置应用于高音量拾音场景的示例。
图11是本发明实施例的拾音方法的示意性流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例中的拾音装置可以为任意具有声音拾取功能的设备，例如，手机、平板电脑、录音笔等手持终端设备，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
图3是根据本发明实施例的拾音装置200的示意性框图。如图3所示，该拾音装置200包括：至少一个麦克风210、多个放大器220、多个模数转换器230和数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)240，该多个放大器220与该多个模数转换器230一一对应，该多个放大器220中的每个放大器220与该至少一个麦克风210中的一个麦克风210相对应，且该多个放大器220中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器220与该至少一个麦克风210中的同一个麦克风210相对应，其中，
该至少一个麦克风210中的每一个麦克风210用于接收音频信号，并向与该每一个麦克风210相对应的放大器220发送该音频信号；
该多个放大器220中的每个放大器220用于对接收到的音频信号进行放大，得到放大后的音频信号，以及向与该每个放大器220对应的模数转换器230发送该放大后的音频信号；
该多个模数转换器230中的每个模数转换器230用于将接收到的音频信 号转换为数字信号，并向该数字信号处理器240发送该数字信号；
该数字信号处理器240用于接收该多个模数转换器230发送的多个数字信号，从接收到的该多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号，并且根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
因此，根据本发明实施例的拾音装置，配置有一个或多个麦克风，该一个或多个麦克风可以具有高灵敏度和/或高声音过载压强，并且采用多个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器对来自同一个麦克风的音频信号进行模拟放大处理，将进行模拟放大处理后的音频信号转换为数字信号，并从多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号以及根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。这样，在大音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较小增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号；而在小音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较大增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号。因此，在各种场景下，该拾音装置确定的输出信号未削波且具有合理的增益值，从而使得该拾音装置能够适用于各种拾音场景，增强用户体验。
此外，与现有的在数字信号处理器中通过软增益对音频信号进行放大处理相比，本发明实施例的拾音装置通过具有不同放大增益值的放大器实现对音频信号的放大处理，因此能够避免数字信号处理器在对音频信号进行放大的过程中同时对噪声进行放大，从而提高音频信号的信噪比。
在本发明实施例中，该至少一个麦克风210的个数可以为一个或多个。可选地，若该至少一个麦克风210的数量为一个，则该麦克风可以具有高灵敏度和高声音过载压强，例如，麦克风的信噪比可以为66dB，灵敏度为-38dB，声音过载压强为136dB，但本发明实施例对该麦克风的类型不做限定。如果该至少一个麦克风210的数量为多个，则该多个麦克风中的部分麦克风可以具有高灵敏度和一般的声音过载压强，而另一些麦克风可以具有高声音过载压强和一般灵敏度，以适应不同的拾音场景；或者该多个麦克风可以具有完全相同的物理参数，即该多个麦克风为相同的麦克风，并且该多个麦克风同时具有较高的灵敏度和声音过载压强，但本发明实施例不限于此。
在本发明实施例中，该至少一个麦克风210中的每个麦克风210可以与该多个放大器220中的至少一个放大器220相对应，而该多个放大器220中的每个放大器220可以与该至少一个麦克风210中的一个麦克风210相对应， 并且，该多个放大器220中的至少两个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器220与该至少一个麦克风210中的同一个麦克风210相对应，其中，该至少两个放大器中的任意两个放大器具有不同的增益值。可选地，若该至少一个麦克风210的个数为一个，则该多个放大器220可以均与该仅有的麦克风相对应；而如果该至少一个麦克风210的个数为多个，则该多个放大器220的至少两个放大器可以与同一个麦克风相对应，并且除该至少两个放大器之外的其它放大器可以与除该同一个麦克风之外的其它麦克风相对应，但本发明实施例不限于此。
在本发明实施例中，该多个放大器220中与同一个麦克风210相对应的至少两个放大器具有互不相同的增益值。为了便于描述，可以按照增益值从大到小的顺序对该至少两个放大器进行排序，可选地，排序后的该至少两个放大器中的任意两个相邻放大器的增益值的差可以为固定值，例如，30dB，即该至少两个放大器的增益值构成等差数列，例如，该至少两个放大器具体为增益值分别为-30dB、0dB和30dB的三个放大器，但本发明实施例不限于此；可选地，该至少两个放大器可以包括增益值为负数或零的放大器，且若该多个放大器包括除该至少两个放大器之外的其它放大器，则该其它放大器的增益值可以与该至少两个放大器中的其中一个放大器的增益值相等，但本发明实施例不限于此。
该多个模数转换器230与该多个放大器220一一对应，每个模数转换器230用于接收与该模数转换器230相对应的放大器220发送的音频信号，并且将接收到的音频信号转换为数字信号。每个模数转换器230以及与该模数转换器230相对应的放大器220构成一个模拟通道，用于对接收到的音频信号进行放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得数字信号。该每个模拟通道获得的数字信号被传输至数字信号处理器240。
该数字信号处理器240用于接收该多个模数转换器230中的每个模数转换器230发送的数字信号，即接收多个数字信号，并根据接收到的多个数字信号确定该数字信号处理器240的输出信号。具体地，该数字信号处理器240可以首先根据该接收到的多个数字信号确定一个或多个未削波的数字信号，可选地，该数字信号处理器240可以先对该多个数字信号中的部分或全部数字信号进行处理，例如，混音、降噪、音量均衡、相位同步、幅度归一化等等，然后从该处理后获得的多个数字信号中选择一个或多个未削波的数字信 号；或者，该数字信号处理器220也可以不对该接收到的多个数字信号进行处理而直接从接收到的该多个数字信号中选择一个或多个未削波的数字信号，本发明实施例对此不做限定。然后，该数字信号处理器220可以根据该确定的一个或多个未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，从该一个或多个未削波的数字信号中选择一个数字信号作为输出信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。
在本发明实施例中，该数字信号处理器240可以通过多种方法确定一个数字信号是否削波。可选地，该数字信号处理器240可以通过提取一个数字信号中的一个或多个特征参数，来确定该数字信号是否削波，其中，例如，提取下列特征参数中的至少一项：数字信号的采样样点值、样点值的概率分布、样点值的稳定持续时间和样点峰值的包络形状，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，该数字信号处理器240具体用于：将该未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
以该至少一个麦克风210中的任一麦克风210为例，根据本发明实施例的拾音方法如下：该麦克风210将接收到的声音信号转换为模拟电信号，并向与该麦克风210相对应的至少一个放大器220发送该模拟电信号；该模拟电信号被传输至与该麦克风210相对应的至少一个放大器220后，该至少一个放大器220中的每个放大器220按照预设的增益值对该模拟电信号进行模拟放大处理，以改变该模拟电信号的信号幅度，并向与该放大器220相对应的模数转换器230发送该经过模拟放大处理的模拟电信号；当该经过模拟放大处理的模拟电信号被传输至模数转换器230时，该模数转换器230将接收到的模拟电信号转换为数字信号，并向数字信号处理器240发送该数字信号；最后，该数字信号处理器240接收到对应于该麦克风210的该数字信号和对应于其他麦克风210的数字信号，并根据接收到的多个数字信号，确定未削波的一个或多个数字信号，其中，如果只有一个未削波的数字信号，则该数字信号处理器240可以直接将该未削波的数字信号作为输出信号，而如果有多个未削波的数字信号，则该数字信号处理器240可以从该多个未削波的数字信号中选择一个具有最大增益值的数字信号作为输出信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，“削波”的音频信号是指波形饱和的音频 信号，具体地，削波的模拟信号是指波形直接饱和的模拟信号，削波的数字信号是指采样样点值饱和的数字信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。此外，放大器和模数转换器都有可能削波，因此，“削波的数字信号”既可以由于放大器对模拟电信号的削波，也可以由于模数转换器对数字信号的削波，或者同时对应于前两者，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
在本发明实施例中，当该至少一个麦克风210中的某个麦克风210的声音过载压强和灵敏度都较高时，该麦克风210发送的音频信号的信号幅度可能会比较大，并且该信号幅度较大的音频信号可能会由于超出与该麦克风210相对应的放大器220和/或模数转换器230所支持的最大声压而被削波，例如，常见的放大器和模数转换器的电源电压(Voltage Drain Drain，VDD)约为1.8V，假设麦克风的声音过载压强为136dB声压级，灵敏度为-42dB，根据灵敏度的如下计算公式(1)，可以得知94dB声压级的输入信号经过该麦克风后，音频信号的电压约为7.94mV。
Figure PCTCN2015080182-appb-000001
其中，S表示灵敏度。考虑到麦克风在工作区间的线性规律，则可以得知在输入信号的声压级为该麦克风支持的最大声压级136dB的条件下，该麦克风输出的音频信号的电压约为999.6mV，该有效电压值对应的电压峰值约为2.8mV，显然超出了一般的放大器和模数转换器的电源电压。此时，为了避免该音频信号被放大器和/或模数转换器削波，可以在放大器之前设置一个信号处理单元对该音频信号进行处理，以使得该音频信号处于该放大器的放大器和模数转换器的电源电压之内。
可选地，作为另一实施例，如图4所示，该装置200还包括：限幅器250，其中，该限幅器250的两端分别与该多个放大器220中的至少一个放大器220和与该至少一个放大器220分别对应的麦克风210连接，
该限幅器250用于接收与该限幅器250连接的麦克风210发送的音频信号，降低接收到的该音频信号的信号幅度，并向与该限幅器250连接的放大器220发送信号幅度降低的该音频信号；
相应地，该至少一个放大器220具体用于接收与该至少一个放大器220分别连接的限幅器250发送的信号幅度降低的该音频信号。
具体地，该拾音装置200可以包括一个或多个限幅器250，其中，每个 限幅器250可以设置于一个放大器220和与该放大器220相对应的麦克风210之间，用于将接收到的该麦克风210发送的音频信号的幅度降低，并向该放大器210发送幅度降低后的音频信号。这样，即使该麦克风210发送的音频信号的信号幅度较高，在经过限幅器250的降幅处理之后，该音频信号的信号幅度也可以不超过该放大器和/或模数转换器所支持的最大声压，从而避免该放大器和/或模数转换器对该音频信号削波。可选地，该限幅器250可以通过增益值为负数的运算放大器来实现，但本发明实施例对此不做限定。
可选地，作为另一实施例，如图5所示，该至少一个麦克风210具体为一个第一麦克风，该第一麦克风具有高灵敏度和高声音过载压强。此时，可选地，该限幅器的两端分别与该多个放大器中的至少一个放大器和与该至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风连接，包括：
该限幅器250的两端分别与该第一麦克风210和与该第一麦克风210相对应的第一放大器220连接，其中，该多个放大器220包括该第一放大器220；
相应地，该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
该第一麦克风210与该多个放大器220中除该第一放大器220之外的至少两个其它放大器直接连接，其中，该至少两个其它放大器220中的任意两个放大器220具有不同的增益值。
该至少两个其它放大器220具有互不相同的增益值。可选地，该第一放大器的增益值可以不同于该至少两个其它放大器中的任意放大器的增益值，也可以与该至少两个其他放大器中的某个放大器的增益值相同，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
此时，在大音量拾音场景下，由于该与限幅器相连接的第一放大器可能不会对音频信号削波，因此该数字信号处理器220确定的输出信号可以来自于该第一放大器；在小音量拾音场景下，该输出信号可以来自于该具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个其它放大器中具有最大增益值的放大器；而在中等音量拾音场景下，该输出信号可以为该具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个其它放大器中具有中等或较小增益值的放大器，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，如图6所示，该至少一个麦克风210包括第二麦克风和第三麦克风，其中，该第二麦克风具有高灵敏度，该第三麦克风 具有高声音过载压强；
相应地，该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该第二麦克风相对应。
该第三麦克风可以对应于该多个放大器220中的一个或多个放大器，而该具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器可以具体为该多个放大器220中除与该第三麦克风相对应的一个或多个放大器之外的其它放大器，但本发明实施例不限于此。此时，由于该第二麦克风具有高灵敏度，因此可以主要应用于小音量和中等音量拾音场景，而第三麦克风具有高声音过载压强，可以主要应用于大音量拾音场景。可选地，为了避免在大音量拾音场景下的削波现象，可以在与该第三麦克风相对应的放大器前面设置限幅器250，以降低输入到与该三麦克风相对应的放大器的音频信号的信号幅度，但本发明实施例不限于此。
在小音量和中等音量拾音场景下，该数字信号处理器240确定的输出信号可以来自于该第二麦克风，并且在不同信号幅度的条件下，该输出信号可以来自于与该第二麦克风相对应的不同放大器；而在大音量拾音场景下，该数字信号处理器240确定的输出信号可以来自于该第三麦克风，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，如图7所示，该至少一个麦克风210包括第四麦克风210和第五麦克风210，其中，该第四麦克风和第五麦克风具有完全相同的物理参数，
相应地，该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
该多个放大器220中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第二放大器220与该第四麦克风210相对应，且该多个放大器220中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第三放大器220与该第五麦克风210相对应，其中，
该N个第二放大器与该N个第三放大器构成N个放大器对，该N个放大器对中的每个放大器对包括具有相同增益值的一个第二放大器和一个第三放大器，N为大于1的整数。
该第四麦克风和第五麦克风可以为相同的麦克风，且分别对应于该多个 放大器220中具有互不相同的增益值的N个放大器，其中，N≤M/2，M为该多个放大器的个数。该N个第二放大器和该N个第三放大器的增益值一一对应相等，即如果按照增益值的数值大小分别对该N个第二放大器和该N个第三放大器进行排序，则排序后的该N个第二放大器中的第i个第二放大器的增益值与排序后的该N个第三放大器中的第i个第三放大器的增益值相等，此时，该第i个第二放大器与该第i个第三放大器构成一个放大器对，其中，1≤i≤N。可选地，还可以在该N个第二放大器和/或该N个第三放大器中的至少一个放大器前设置限幅器250，但本发明实施例不限于此。
此时，在不同的拾音场景下，该数字信号处理器240确定的输出信号可能来自于不同的放大器和/或麦克风。具体地，在输入信号为持续小音量的拾音场景下，该数字信号处理器240确定的该输出信号可以来自于该N个第二放大器和/或该N个第三放大器中具有较大增益值的放大器；而在持续大音量的拾音场景下，该输出信号可以来自于该N个第二放大器和/或该N个第三放大器中具有较小增益值的放大器，或来自于该N个第二放大器和/或该N个第三放大器中前面设置有限幅器的放大器，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在上述拾音装置200具有两个相同的麦克风以及N个放大器对的条件下，为了进一步提高音频信号的信噪比，可以对至少一个放大器对中的每个放大器对输出的两个数字信号进行混音处理。相应地，该数字信号处理器240具体用于：
将接收到的该多个数字信号中的第一数字信号对进行混音，获得优化数字信号，其中，该第一数字信号对由第一放大器对包括的第二放大器和第三放大器分别对应的数字信号组成，该N个放大器对中包括该第一放大器对；
从由该优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，该其它数字信号为该多个数字信号中除该第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
为了便于描述，下面将与该N个第二放大器分别对应的模数转换器发送的数字信号称为第一数字信号，将与该N个第三放大器分别对应的模数转换器发送的数字信号称为第二数字信号，与一个放大器对中的第二放大器相对应的模数转换器所发送的第一数字信号和与该放大器对中的第三放大器对应的模数转换器所发送的第二数字信号构成一个数字信号对。该数字信号处理器240可以对该N个数字信号对中的一个或多个数字信号对进行混音处 理，其中，如果该数字信号处理器240对多个数字信号对进行混音处理，则该数字信号处理器240可以对该多个数字信号对中的每个数字信号对所包括的第一数字信号和第二数字信号进行混音处理，得到多个优化数字信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。
此时，为了使得该第四麦克风和该第五麦克风接收的音频信号尽可能一致，可以将该第四麦克风和该第五麦克风的入声孔在不会相互影响的情况下尽可能邻近设置，但本发明实施例不限于此。
该数字信号处理器240可以选择性地对该N个数字信号对中的部分数字信号对进行混音处理，例如，对应于最大增益值的数字信号对和/或经过限幅器250处理的数字信号对，也可以对该N个数字信号对中的所有数字信号对都进行混音处理，但本发明实施例不限于此。若该数字信号处理器240对该N个数字信号对中的L个数字信号对进行了混音处理，1≤L<N，则该数字信号处理器240可以从进行了混音处理后得到的L个优化数字信号和来自于其他(N-L)个放大器对的2×(N-L)个数字信号中，选择未削波的数字信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。
这样，通过进行混音处理后，能够得到具有较高信噪比的优化数字信号，从而进一步提高拾音装置的拾音信能和用户体验。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该数字信号处理器240在确定了输出信号之后，还可以对该输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以进一步提高用户体验。相应地，该数字信号处理器240还用于：对该输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得该输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
其中，该音量均衡处理可以通过常规的电平调整算法中的目标电平方式来实现，该人耳舒适幅度区间可以为用户听起来较为舒适的信号幅度区间，但本发明实施例不限于此。具体地，若该输出信号的信号幅度高于人耳舒适幅度区间，该数字信号处理器240可以降低该输出信号的信号幅度；若该输出信号的信号幅度低于该人耳舒适幅度区间，该数字信号处理器220可以增大该输出信号的信号幅度；而如果该输出信号的信号幅度位于该人耳舒适幅度区间，则该数字信号处理器240可以不作上述音量均衡处理而直接输出该输出信号，从而使得最终输出的数字信号的信号幅度始终位于该人耳舒适幅度区间，从而提高用户体验，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该数字信号处理器240还用于：若当前确定 的该输出信号所对应的放大器不同于上次输出的数字信号所对应的放大器，对当前确定的该输出信号进行相位同步处理，以使得当前确定的该输出信号的相位与该上次输出的数字信号的相位平滑过渡。
具体地，如果前后两次确定的输出信号分别对应于不同的放大器，即是经过两个不同模拟通道进行处理后得到的数字信号，则该数字信号处理器240可以对当前的输出信号进行相位同步处理，以使得该输出信号的相位与上次输出的数字信号的相位平滑衔接，从而使得该拾音装置在前后两次拾取的音频信号连续，进一步提高用户体验。可选地，作为另一实施例，如果该前后两次确定的输出信号分别来自于相同的麦克风，则该数字信号处理器240还可以对该当前确定的输出信号进行幅度归一化处理，以使得该输出信号的幅度与上次输出的数字信号的幅度保持一致，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该拾音装置200还可以包括一个检测单元，用于检测该拾音装置200包括的至少一个麦克风210是否处于在位状态，相应地，该至少一个麦克风210中处于在位状态的麦克风210接收音频信号。可选地，该不处于在位状态的麦克风可能是由于硬件故障或物理堵塞等原因造成的，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
因此，根据本发明实施例的拾音装置，配置有一个或多个麦克风，该一个或多个麦克风可以具有高灵敏度和/或高声音过载压强，并且采用多个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器对来自同一个麦克风的音频信号进行模拟放大处理，将进行模拟放大处理后的音频信号转换为数字信号，并从多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号以及根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。这样，在大音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较小增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号；而在小音量信号的拾音场景下，该拾音装置可以将具有较大增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号。因此，在各种场景下，该拾音装置确定的输出信号未削波且具有合理的增益值，从而使得该拾音装置能够适用于各种拾音场景，增强用户体验。
图8至图10示出了根据本发明实施例的拾音装置200应用于各种拾音场景的示例。其中，该拾音装置200的配置与图7所示的拾音装置200类似，具体地，该拾音装置200包括两个相同的麦克风210，第四麦克风和第五麦 克风，并且每个麦克风210对应于三个增益值分别为20dB、0dB和-20dB的放大器220；该与第四麦克风相对应的三个放大器和与该第五麦克风相对应的三个放大器构成三个放大器对，每个放大器对包括具有相同增益值的两个放大器；数字信号处理器DSP对该三个放大器对所对应的数字信号对进行混音处理，得到三个优化数字信号，并从该三个优化数字信号中选择一个优化数字信号作为输出信号。为了便于理解，图8至图10中均示出了三个DSP，然而，在实际实现时，该DSP的数量可以为一个，即由一个DSP实现对三个数字信号对的混音处理，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
如图8所示，在小音量拾音场景下，该第四麦克风和该第五麦克风接收的音频信号的信号幅度较小，该多个放大器和模数转换器均未对音频信号削波，此时，该DSP可以从该三个优化数字信号中选择对应于最大增益值(+20dB)的优化数字信号作为输出信号。
如图9所示，在中等音量拾音场景下，该第四麦克风和该第五麦克风接收的音频信号的信号幅度处于中等水平，此时，该DSP可以从该三个优化数字信号中选择对应于中等增益值(0dB)的优化数字信号作为输出信号。
如图10所示，在大音量拾音场景下，该第四麦克风和第五麦克风接收的音频信号的信号幅度较大，并且增益值为+20dB的两个放大器均对接收到的音频信号削波，此时，该DSP可以从该三个优化数字信号中选择对应于最小增益值(-20dB)的优化数字信号作为输出信号。
此外，应理解，在图3至图10所示的拾音装置及其应用只是用于示例性地描述，而非要限制本发明实施例的范围。本领域技术人员根据所给出的图3至图10的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本发明实施例的范围内。
上文中结合图3至图10，详细描述了根据本发明实施例的拾音装置，下面将结合图11，描述根据本发明实施例的拾音方法。
图11示出了根据本发明实施例的拾音方法300的示意性流程图，该方法可以由拾音装置200执行，但本发明实施例不限于此。如图11所示，该方法300包括：
S310，接收至少一个初始音频信号；
S320，对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，其中，该多个数字信号包括由该至少一个初始音 频信号中的第一初始音频信号获得的至少两个数字信号，且该至少两个数字信号中的任意两个数字信号相对于该第一初始音频信号的增益值不同；
S330，确定该多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，并根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
因此，根据本发明实施例的拾音方法，通过至少一个麦克风接收至少一个初始音频信号，并且采用多个具有不同增益值的放大器对来自同一个麦克风的音频信号进行模拟放大处理，将进行模拟放大处理后的音频信号转换为数字信号，并从多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号以及根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。这样，在大音量信号的场景下，该拾音装置可以选择具有较小增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号；而在小音量信号的场景下，该拾音装置可以选择具有较大增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号。因此，在各种场景下，该方法拾取的音频信号未削波且具有合理的增益值，从而使得该拾音方法能够适用于各种拾音场景，增强用户体验。
在本发明实施例中，S310可以由拾音装置200的至少一个麦克风210执行，该至少一个麦克风可以具有相同或不同的物理参数。S320可以具体为如下两个步骤：
对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理，以获得多个放大音频信号，其中，该多个放大音频信号包括由该至少一个初始音频信号中的第一初始音频信号获得的至少两个放大音频信号，且该至少两个放大音频信号中的任意两个放大音频信号相对于该第一初始音频信号的增益值不同；
对该多个放大音频信号中的每个放大音频信号进行模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号。
具体地，上述S320中的两个步骤可以分别由多个放大器220和多个模数转换器230执行，而S330可以由数字信号处理器240执行，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，在S320中，对于该至少一个初始音频信号中的每个初始音频信号，可以通过一个或多个放大器对其进行模拟放大处理，以获得一个或多个与该初始音频信号相对应的放大音频信号，其中，该至少一个初始音频信号中的第一初始音频信号被具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器进行模拟放大处理，以获得相对于该第一初始音频信号具有不同增益值的至少两 个放大音频信号。可选地，该多个放大器的增益值可以为正数、零或负数，对应于将初始音频信号的信号幅度增大、不变或降低，但本发明实施例不限于此。此外，在S320中，对于该进行模拟放大处理后获得的多个放大音频信号中的每个放大音频信号，可以通过一个模数转换器将其转换为数字信号。
可选地，S330，根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号，包括：
将该未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在S320之前，该方法300还包括：
降低该至少一个初始音频信号中的部分或全部初始音频信号的信号幅度；
相应地，S230，对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，包括：对部分或全部信号的信号幅度降低的该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号。
例如，该至少一个初始音频信号的个数为M，M≥1，并且在方法300中，对该M个初始音频信号中的P个初始音频信号进行了降幅处理，其中，1≤P≤M，则S320可以具体为对该P个信号幅度降低后的初始音频信号以及(M-P)个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及后续的模数转换处理，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该至少一个初始音频信号还包括与该第一初始音频信号相同的第二初始音频信号；
相应地，S320，对该至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，包括：
对该第一初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第一数字信号，并且对该第二初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第二数字信号，其中，该N个第一数字信号和该N个第二数字信号构成N个数字信号对，该N个数字信号对中的每个数字信号对包括具有相同的增益值的一个第一数字信号和一个第二数字信号，N为大于1的整数。
具体地，在S320中，可以通过N个具有互不相同的第二放大器对该第 一初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理，以获得N个第一放大音频信号，然后采用N个模数转换器对该N个第一放大音频信号进行模数转换处理，以获得N个第一数字信号；类似地，可以通过N个具有互不相同的第三放大器对该第二初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理，以获得N个第二放大音频信号，然后采用N个模数转换器对该N个第二放大音频信号进行模数转换处理，以获得N个第二数字信号。其中，该N个第二放大器与该N个第三放大器的增益值一一对应相等，相应地，由该第一初始音频信号获得的N个第一放大音频信号相对于该第一初始音频信号的增益值与由该第二初始音频信号获得的N个第二放大音频信号相对于该第二初始音频信号的增益值一一对应相等，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，为了进一步提高音频信号的信噪比，在S320之前，该方法300还包括如下步骤：
将第一数字信号对包括的第一数字信号和第二数字信号进行混音处理，以获得第一优化数字信号，其中，该N个数字信号对包括该第一数字信号对；
相应地，S330，确定该多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，包括：
从由该第一优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，该其它数字信号为该多个数字信号中除该第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
具体地，该第一数字信号对可以具体为至少一个数字信号对，并且可以对该至少一个数字信号对中的每个数字信号对包括的两个数字信号进行混音处理，以获得与该每个数字信号对所对应的优化数字信号，其中，由一个数字信号对得到的优化数字信号的信噪比高于该数字信号对包括的两个数字信号的信噪比，但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该方法300还包括：对该输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得该输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该方法300还包括：若当前确定的该输出信号对应的传输通道不同于上次输出的数字信号对应的传输通道，对当前确定的该输出信号进行相位同步处理，以使得当前确定的该输出信号的相位与该上次输出的数字信号的相位平滑过渡。
根据本发明实施例的拾音方法300的执行主体可以对应于根据本发明实施例的拾音装置，并且该拾音方法300的各个步骤可以由拾音设备200的各 个模块和/或功能实现，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
因此，根据本发明实施例的拾音方法，通过至少一个麦克风接收至少一个初始音频信号，并且采用多个具有不同增益值的放大器对来自同一个麦克风的音频信号进行模拟放大处理，将进行模拟放大处理后的音频信号转换为数字信号，并从多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号以及根据该未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。这样，在大音量信号的场景下，该拾音装置可以选择具有较小增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号；而在小音量信号的场景下，该拾音装置可以选择具有较大增益值的放大器所对应的数字信号作为输出信号。因此，在各种场景下，该方法拾取的音频信号未削波且具有合理的增益值，从而使得该拾音方法能够适用于各种拾音场景，增强用户体验。
本发明实施例还提供了一种配置拾音装置的方法，该方法可以由任意合适的装置执行，其中，该装置可以具有用于与用户进行交互的接口，以使得该装置可以根据用户指令执行该方法，但本发明实施例不限于此。该方法包括：
确定拾音装置的多种可选配置模式；
根据该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，从该多个可选配置模式中确定目标配置模式；
将该拾音装置配置为该目标配置模式；
其中，在该多种可选配置模式中，该拾音装置包括至少一个麦克风和多个放大器，其中，该多个放大器中的每个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的一个麦克风相对应，且该多个放大器中的该具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与同一个麦克风相对应。
因此，根据本发明实施例的配置拾音装置的方法，通过根据实际需要从预先确定的分别对应于不同的应用需求和/或成本约束条件的多个可选配置模式中确定一个目标配置模式，能够使得配置后的拾音装置在满足应用需求的同时尽可能节约成本，从而提高用户体验。
在该多种可选配置模式中的不同可选配置模式中，该拾音装置的下列参数中的至少一项参数不同：麦克风的个数、麦克风的类型、放大器的个数以及麦克风和放大器之间的连接关系。
可选地，在该多种可选配置模式中，该拾音装置还包括限幅器，该限幅 器设置于该多个放大器中的至少一个放大器与该至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风之间，用于降低该限幅器接收到的音频信号的信号幅度，并向该至少一个放大器发送信号幅度降低后的音频信号。
可选地，该根据该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，从该多个可选配置模式中确定目标配置模式，包括：
若该拾音装置的应用需求为能够同时应用于小音量和大音量的拾音场景且该拾音装置的成本约束条件属于非严格约束，则确定该目标配置模式为配置模式一，其中，在该配置模式一中，该拾音装置包括两个麦克风，该两个麦克风中的第一麦克风具有高灵敏度，该两个麦克风中的第二麦克风具有高声音过载压强，且该至少两个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器与该第一麦克风相对应。
该配置模式一可以对应于图6所示的拾音装置，但本发明实施例不限于此。此时，如果该第二麦克风的灵敏度较小，例如，大于或等于-60dB，则在该配置模式一中，还可以在该第二麦克风前面设置限幅器，以避免该第二麦克风接收的音频信号的幅度超出该第二麦克风对应的放大器而削波。相应地，作为另一实施例，在该配置模式一中，该拾音装置还包括限幅器，该限幅器的输入端与该第二麦克风的输出端连接，该限幅器的输出端与该第二麦克风对应的放大器连接，用于将接收到的该第二麦克风发送的音频信号的信号幅度降低。
可选地，作为另一实施例，根据该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，从该多个可选配置模式中确定目标配置模式，包括：
若该拾音装置的应用需求为能够同时应用于小音量和大音量的拾音场景且该拾音装置的成本约束条件属于严格约束，则确定该目标配置模式为配置模式二，其中，在该配置模式二中，该拾音装置包括一个具有高灵敏度和高声音过载压强的麦克风、一个限幅器和多个放大器，
该麦克风的第一输出端与该限幅器的输入端连接，该限幅器的输出端与该多个放大器中的第一放大器的输入端连接；
该麦克风的第二输出端与该至少两个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器的输入端分别连接，其中，该至少两个具有互不相同的增益值的放大器具体为该多个放大器中除该第一放大器之外的其它放大器。
该配置模式二可以对应于图5所示的拾音装置，但本发明实施例不限于 此。
可选地，作为另一实施例，根据该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，从该多个可选配置模式中确定目标配置模式，包括：
若该拾音装置的应用需求为能够应用于小音量拾音场景且该拾音装置的成本约束条件属于非严格约束，则确定该目标配置模式为配置模式三，其中，在该配置模式三中，该拾音装置包括两个具有完全相同的物理参数的麦克风，其中，该两个麦克风中的第一麦克风与该多个放大器中的N个第一放大器相对应，该两个麦克风中的第二麦克风与该多个放大器中的N个第二放大器相对应，且该N个第一放大器和该N个第二放大器的增益值一一对应相等，N为大于1的整数。
该配置模式三可以对应于图7所示的拾音装置，但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此，根据本发明实施例的配置拾音装置的方法，通过根据实际需要从预先确定的分别对应于不同的应用需求和/或成本约束条件的多个可选配置模式中确定一个目标配置模式，能够使得配置后的拾音装置在满足应用需求的同时尽可能节约成本，从而提高用户体验。
此外，本发明实施例还提供了一种配置拾音装置的装置，该装置包括：
第一确定单元，用于确定拾音装置的多种可选配置模式；
第二确定单元，用于根据该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，从该第一确定单元确定的多个可选配置模式中确定目标配置模式；
配置单元，用于将该拾音装置配置为该第二确定单元确定的该目标配置模式；
其中，在该第一确定单元确定的该多种可选配置模式中，该拾音装置包括至少一个麦克风和多个放大器，其中，该多个放大器中的每个放大器与该至少一个麦克风中的一个麦克风相对应，且该多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与同一个麦克风相对应。
在该多种可选配置模式中的不同可选配置模式中，该拾音装置的下列参数中的至少一项参数不同：麦克风的个数、麦克风的类型、放大器的个数以及麦克风和放大器之间的连接关系。
可选地，该配置拾音装置的装置还可以包括交互接口，用于接收用户指令；相应地，该第二确定单元还用于根据该交互接口接收的用户指令，确定 该拾音装置的应用需求和成本约束条件，但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此，根据本发明实施例的配置拾音装置的装置，通过根据实际需要从预先确定的分别对应于不同的应用需求和/或成本约束条件的多个可选配置模式中确定一个目标配置模式，能够使得配置后的拾音装置在满足应用需求的同时尽可能节约成本，从而提高用户体验。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，麦克风与放大器之间的对应关系具体是指信号传输的对应关系，即一个麦克风向与该麦克风相对应的放大器发送音频信号，相应地，一个放大器接收与该放大器相对应的麦克风发送的音频信号，但本发明实施例不限于此。
还应理解，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
还应理解，在本发明实施例中，术语和/或仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系。例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符/，一般表示前后关联对象是一种或的关系。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的各方法步骤和单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的 耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种拾音装置，其特征在于，包括：数字信号处理器、至少一个麦克风、多个放大器和多个模数转换器，所述多个放大器与所述多个模数转换器一一对应，所述多个放大器中的每个放大器与所述至少一个麦克风中的一个麦克风相对应，且所述多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与所述至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，其中，
    所述至少一个麦克风中的每一个麦克风用于接收音频信号，并向与所述每一个麦克风相对应的放大器发送所述音频信号；
    所述多个放大器中的每个放大器用于对接收到的音频信号进行放大，得到放大后的音频信号，以及向与所述每个放大器对应的模数转换器发送所述放大后的音频信号；
    所述多个模数转换器中的每个模数转换器用于将接收到的音频信号转换为数字信号，并向所述数字信号处理器发送所述数字信号；
    所述数字信号处理器用于接收所述多个模数转换器发送的多个数字信号，从接收到的所述多个数字信号中确定未削波的数字信号，并且根据所述未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数字信号处理器具体用于：
    将所述未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：限幅器，其中，所述限幅器的两端分别与所述多个放大器中的至少一个放大器和与所述至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风连接，
    所述限幅器用于接收与所述限幅器连接的麦克风发送的音频信号，降低接收到的所述音频信号的信号幅度，并向与所述限幅器连接的放大器发送信号幅度降低的所述音频信号；
    所述至少一个放大器具体用于接收与所述至少一个放大器分别连接的限幅器发送的信号幅度降低的所述音频信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个麦克风具体为一个第一麦克风，所述第一麦克风具有高灵敏度和高声音过载压强。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述限幅器的两端分别 与所述多个放大器中的至少一个放大器和所述至少一个放大器分别对应的麦克风连接，包括：
    所述限幅器的两端分别与所述第一麦克风和与所述第一麦克风相对应的第一放大器连接，其中，所述多个放大器包括所述第一放大器；
    所述多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与所述至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
    所述第一麦克风与所述多个放大器中除所述第一放大器之外的至少两个其它放大器直接连接，其中，所述至少两个其它放大器中的任意两个放大器具有不同的增益值。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个麦克风包括第二麦克风和第三麦克风，其中，所述第二麦克风具有高灵敏度，所述第三麦克风具有高声音过载压强；
    所述多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与所述至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
    所述多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与所述第二麦克风相对应。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个麦克风包括第四麦克风和第五麦克风，其中，所述第四麦克风和第五麦克风具有完全相同的物理参数，
    所述多个放大器中具有互不相同的增益值的至少两个放大器与所述至少一个麦克风中的同一个麦克风相对应，包括：
    所述多个放大器中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第二放大器与所述第四麦克风相对应，且所述多个放大器中的N个具有互不相同的增益值的第三放大器与所述第五麦克风相对应，其中，
    所述N个第二放大器与所述N个第三放大器构成N个放大器对，所述N个放大器对中的每个放大器对包括具有相同增益值的一个第二放大器和一个第三放大器，N为大于1的整数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数字信号处理器具体用于：
    将接收到的所述多个数字信号中的第一数字信号对进行混音，获得优化数字信号，其中，所述第一数字信号对由第一放大器对包括的第二放大器和 第三放大器分别对应的数字信号组成，所述N个放大器对中包括所述第一放大器对；
    从由所述优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，所述其它数字信号为所述多个数字信号中除所述第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数字信号处理器还用于：
    对所述输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得所述输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
  10. 一种拾音方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收至少一个初始音频信号；
    对所述至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，其中，所述多个数字信号包括由所述至少一个初始音频信号中的第一初始音频信号获得的至少两个数字信号，且所述至少两个数字信号中的任意两个数字信号相对于所述第一初始音频信号的增益值不同；
    确定所述多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，并根据所述未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述未削波的数字信号所对应的增益值，确定输出信号，包括：
    将所述未削波的数字信号中对应于最大增益值的数字信号确定为输出信号。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述对所述至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    降低所述至少一个初始音频信号中的部分或全部信号的信号幅度；
    所述对所述至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，包括：
    对部分或全部信号的信号幅度降低的所述至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个初始音频信号还包括与所述第一初始音频信号相同的第二初始音频 信号；
    所述对所述至少一个初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得多个数字信号，包括：
    对所述第一初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第一数字信号，并且对所述第二初始音频信号进行模拟放大处理以及模数转换处理，以获得N个第二数字信号，其中，所述N个第一数字信号和所述N个第二数字信号构成N个数字信号对，所述N个数字信号对中的每个数字信号对包括对应于相同的增益值的一个第一数字信号和一个第二数字信号，N为大于1的整数。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述确定所述多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    将第一数字信号对包括的第一数字信号和第二数字信号进行混音处理，以获得第一优化数字信号，其中，所述N个数字信号对包括所述第一数字信号对；
    所述确定所述多个数字信号中未削波的数字信号，包括：
    从由所述第一优化数字信号和其它数字信号组成的数字信号集合中确定未削波的数字信号，其中，所述其它数字信号为所述多个数字信号中除所述第一数字信号对之外的数字信号。
  15. 根据权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    对所述输出信号进行音量均衡处理，以使得所述输出信号的信号幅度位于人耳舒适幅度区间。
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