WO2015192640A1

WO2015192640A1 - Integrated aquaculture system

Info

Publication number: WO2015192640A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/095943
Authority: WO
Inventors: 颜文化; 陈国策; 卢朝阳
Original assignee: 颜文化
Priority date: 2014-06-19
Filing date: 2014-12-31
Publication date: 2015-12-23
Also published as: CN104585112A; KR20160002227U; HK1206197A1; JP3207213U

Abstract

An integrated aquaculture system having at least one culture pool (5), a culture pool support body, and at least one biological filtration tank (11); the culture pool (5) is a container disposed in a pond (1) or is a depression dug into the ground and provided with a waterproof layer; the biological filtration tank (11) is disposed on a bank of the pond (1) or of the depression, and water from the culture pool flows into the body of the tank via an ingress at the bottom of the tank (11), and then flows back into the culture pool (5) through an egress at the top of the tank (11) after being treated. Water pumps (10, 14) control the water level inside and outside the culture pool (5) and the pressure differential causes the bottom of the culture pool (5) to automatically rise and fall, such that reaching deep into the water to fish out organisms becomes unnecessary. The aquaculture system is inexpensive, produces a high yield, and requires no foundation or building for its construction. The system greatly reduces the amount of money spent on fixed assets and makes full use of the natural resources of existing ponds (1) and depressions. In line with local conditions, an installation-like high-density aquaculture may be achieved, such that the culture density calculated in terms of end product may be 40% of the total weight of the water of the culture pool.

Description

Manual Title: Integrated Aquaculture System

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aquaculture or planting integration, and in particular to an integrated aquaculture system.

Background technique

[0002] There are several ways of aquaculture, traditional pond culture methods, industrial high-density aquaculture, and soft-water tank cultures placed on the ground.

[0003] The traditional pond aquaculture method requires a relatively low water area and manpower, and requires a non-polluting water source, sewage discharge, low output value and low efficiency, and does not meet the principle of cost-effectiveness. Therefore, in the surrounding areas of large cities, traditional farming has already subsided.

[0004] Industrialized high-density aquaculture production is more efficient. The culture density can reach 40% of the total weight of the water body, but it requires high investment in foundation, plant and equipment. It is not an investment project that ordinary farmers can afford; and factory high-density aquaculture generally needs more than twice as much water. The volume of installed aeration and biological filter cells is used to purify water. Water purification equipment is expensive and maintenance costs are high.

[0005] The use of soft water tank culture ponds placed on the ground due to water pressure problems generally less than 1 meter in water depth cannot meet the needs of deepwater aquaculture.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an integrated aquaculture system that can be adapted to local conditions, combining traditional pond aquaculture methods with factory-based high-density aquaculture methods to achieve the best ecological and economic benefits for the disclosure of inventions.

Problem solution

Technical solution

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-density integrated aquaculture system, which fully utilizes the environmental resources of the local area, greatly reduces the investment cost of fixed assets, low investment, high output, no foundation and Plant infrastructure.

[0008] The technical solution provided by the present invention is: An integrated aquaculture system comprising at least one culture pond, a culture pond support, and at least one set of biological filter tanks; wherein the culture pond is a vessel placed in a pond or is laid and laid The biological filter box is placed on the bank or the bank of the depression. The water from the culture tank is introduced into the tank from the bottom water inlet of the biological filter box, and is treated to flow back from the upper water outlet to the culture tank.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the culture tank is a container placed in a pond, and the culture tank support is a combined pontoon, and the container is erected on a floating frame of the pontoon and placed in the pond.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the culture tank is provided with a drainage hole on the wall, and the drainage hole is located slightly higher than the water level of the pond; the water pump and/or the submersible pump are arranged in the culture tank.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the water flow pump and/or the submersible pump inject water into the culture tank, the water pressure in the pool is greater than the water pressure outside the culture pond to lower the culture pond; the water flow pump and/or the submersible pump pump water outside the culture pond, The water pressure in the pool is smaller than the water pressure outside the culture pond, so that the culture pond floats.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the culture pond is a concrete floor which is excavated and laid with a waterproof layer, and the culture tank support body is a flat inner wall after being flattened and reinforced.

[0014] As a preferred solution, a plurality of the culture ponds are formed into a group of culture ponds, which are arranged from small to large, arranged from shallow to deep, and connected to each other; Separated by sluice gates; wherein the capacity of the deepened part of the adjacent larger culture ponds is equal to or greater than the total capacity of the smaller culture ponds. After the sluice gates are opened, the water and aquatic products in the smaller culture ponds can be completely emptied to a larger extent. Breeding in the pool.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the system further comprises a plurality of biological filter boxes dispersedly arranged on the bank or the bank of the bank to form a peripheral support or fence of the entire culture system, and is pulled at the top of the plurality of biological filter boxes. Set steel wire or erect brackets as the ceiling of the farming system.

[0016] As a preferred solution, a water tower and/or a temperature rising device for adjusting the temperature of the water in the culture pond connected to the culture tank pipe is also included.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the lower half of the biological filter box is provided with an aeration device capable of adjusting the amount of gas, and the bottom portion is provided with a sewage outlet.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the inside of the biological filter box is provided with a sediment layer and a filter layer, the filter layer has at least one filter material; after the water entering from the lower half of the biological filter box is precipitated and filtered, It flows out through the water outlet of the upper part of the biological filter box.

[0019] As a preferred solution, a water disinfection device is also installed at the water outlet of the biological filter box. [0020] As a preferred solution, the storage tank is further included, and the storage tank and the culture pond are connected by a transport tank.

[0021] As a preferred solution, a detachable fry screening grid is further disposed in the transport tank.

[0022] As a preferred solution, the pond or the depression is also planted with aquatic plants, or plants grown without soil cultivation.

[0023] As a preferred solution, the culture fish culture density of the culture system is 1% to 40% of the total weight of the water in the culture pond.

Advantageous effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention has the following effects: The investment in the breeding system is low, the output is high, the foundation and the plant infrastructure are not needed, the investment cost of the fixed assets is greatly reduced, and the environmental resources of the local pond and the depression are fully utilized. According to local conditions, high-density aquaculture can be realized. The fish culture density calculated by the finished fish can reach 40% of the total weight of the water in the culture pond (SP, 100 tons of culture pond water can breed 40 tons of finished fish).

Brief description of the drawing

DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a square culture tank in a culture system provided by the utility model.

[0026] FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a rectangular culture tank in the culture system provided by the utility model.

[0027] FIG. 1c is a schematic view of a cylindrical culture tank in the culture system provided by the utility model.

[0028] FIG. 1d is a schematic view of a semi-arc culture tank in the culture system provided by the utility model.

2 is a schematic view of a floating aquaculture system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a squatting aquaculture system provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another floating aquaculture system provided by still another embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 5a is a diagram showing the biological filter box in the aquaculture system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 5b is a schematic view of a biological filter box in an aquaculture system provided by another embodiment of the present invention; 6 is a top plan view of a floating aquaculture system provided in another embodiment of the present invention. [0034] FIG.

[0035] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an aquaculture system having a seedling pond provided by the present invention;

[0036] FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the screening of fry in the culture system shown in FIG. 7;

[0037] FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the present invention in which an ultraviolet sterilizer in-line magnetizing apparatus is disposed at a water inlet of a culture tank.

Figure 10 is a plan view of a group of aquaculture ponds connected from small to large, from shallow to deep, in the middle, in one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a side elevational view of a set of aquaculture tanks from small to large, shallow to deep, intermediately connected in the embodiment of Figure 10.

Invention embodiment

Embodiments of the invention

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and comparative examples:

[0041] The location of the aquaculture farm provided by the present invention is preferably a suburban or rural area with abundant fresh water sources and a small population density, which can be formed by using ready-made ponds or artificial excavation.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, the culture pond in the aquaculture farm provided by the present invention may be of various shapes such as square (la), rectangular (lb), cylindrical (lc) and semi-arc (Id). ), usually one or several drains 13 are provided near the water line of the culture pond.

[0043] Figures 2 and 4 show two floating aquaculture farms provided by the present invention, respectively. Figure 2 shows a small farm with only one culture pond set up. The farm uses the water 4 in the local pond 1 to float the combined pontoon 3, supporting the soft culture tank 5, which is supported by a galvanized pipe, supplemented by a soft material. Made of soft material, it can be soft plastic, waterproof canvas, rubber material or other new soft materials. When the water is pumped out of the pond, the water level in the tank will drop slightly, causing a pressure difference inside and outside the pool. The water outside the pond will press the pool of the soft culture tank, because the periphery of the tank is plated. The zinc tube support is difficult to compress, so the bottom of the culture tank will float up. Conversely, if water is injected into the soft culture pond, the pool will expand and the bottom of the pond will drop. Specifically, a large-flow submersible pump 10 that exclusively sucks the fishing rod is provided at the bottom of the pond and is equipped with a water flow pump 14. Filling the pond to maintain positive pressure + ΔΡ7 in the pond, the bottom of the pond will be reduced to a minimum and maintain the shape of the soft aquaculture pond. The water level inside and outside the culture pond can be The water pump (submersible pump and / or water flow pump) is used to adjust, and the culture tank is automatically raised and lowered by changing the water level and pressure difference inside and outside the culture pond. That is, when the water pressure in the culture pond is greater than the water pressure outside the culture pond, the bottom of the culture pond will sink. When the water pump is injected into the culture pond to the outside of the culture pond, ΔΡ7 is a positive number. The water pressure in the culture pond is smaller than the culture pond. When the water pressure is outside, the bottom of the culture tank will float up. (When the pump pumps water from the culture pond to the outside of the culture pond, ΔΡ7 is negative). When the culture pond floats, it will drive the catch in the pool to rise, so it can avoid the trouble of fishing.

[0044] The combined biological filter box module 11 is placed on the bank of the pond as a water purification device, and can also be used as a temperature control shed column and a wall. The steel cable can be tied and a sunshade net or plastic film can be placed to form a temperature control shed ceiling 12 . The pond water level 2 can be adjusted. The density of the culture is calculated based on the total weight of the water in the culture pond. The output of the finished fish is between 1% and 40% of the water in the culture pond. The farm in Figure 4 has a plurality of culture ponds. The combined pontoon 3 is floated by the water 4 in the pond 1, supporting several soft culture ponds/net cages 5, the others being the same as in Fig. 2.

[0045] When constructing the farm of Figure 2 or Figure 4, first clear the pond, drain the pond water, dry the pond, dig the pond to a depth of about 3 meters, and consolidate the pond base, inject shallow water to the bottom of the pond with lime or The bleaching powder is disinfected. The pond is then filled with filtered fresh or salt water (depending on the species being farmed). The pontoon is constructed according to the size of the soft culture pond, and the pontoon 3 is used as a floating frame for supporting the soft culture pond. The pontoon can be composed of multiple modules (as shown in Figure 4). In a preferred embodiment, the soft aquarium is generally about 6 x 6 m in size or about 6 m in diameter (as shown in Figure 1 (a) or (c)), and has a depth of about 2. 8 m. The water depth in the pool is about 2. 5 meters; the length of the rustproof iron pass as the bracket is 6 meters, which can greatly reduce the construction amount. A plurality of drainage holes 13 are provided at a position about 30 cm below the top of the pond for controlling the water level in the pool (as shown in Fig. 4). The bottom of the culture tank is equipped with a large flow submersible pump 10 for sucking sewage, fish gills and feed residue into the biological filter tank 11 placed on the bank of the pond. As shown in Figures 5a and 5b, the filter box module adopts reverse filtration mode, and water enters from the lower half of the filter box at about one-fifth of the height of the tank inlet 25, 25a, and is evenly distributed at the bottom of the filter box, and then filtered. The upper half of the tank outlet 26, 26a overflows. Bio-cotton 21 is installed at about one-fifth of the bottom of the filter box, and activated carbon 22 and/or biosphere 23 are placed over the bio-cotton. The lower half of the filter box is also equipped with an adjustable aeration device to control the aerobic and anaerobic environment in the water in the filter box. Usually, the bottom of the filter box is the sedimentation zone, then the filter material bracket, and the bracket is tied. The aeration tube and the aeration stone control the oxygen content of the filter box filter zone, the biological cotton 21 is placed on the filter material holder, the filter frame and the biological cotton 21 are installed about 5-10 cm above the water inlet, and the filter cotton 21 Put activated carbon 22, put the activated carbon on the living organism Ball 23. The bottom of the filter box is provided with a sewage outlet 27 and a ball valve switch 28, which can discharge the sediment out of the box. Various filter media, including bio-cotton, activated carbon, biosphere, and even medical stone, zeolite, coral stone, etc., can be placed in the filter box. The filter box modules can be connected in series or in parallel to form a biological filtration system. The biological filter box modules can be stacked together as a wall of the pond and a shed pillar (as shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4), and a steel cable can be attached to the filter box and covered with a shade or plastic film. Form a temperature control shed. The temperature control shed uses a water tower to cool down or adopts a gasifier to raise the temperature; when cooling is required, the water is sprayed by the water tower to lower the temperature; when the temperature is required to be heated, the heat generated by the gasifier is passed through a heat exchanger. The air or water is heated, and the hot air is sent by the blower to the temperature shed built by the filter box to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse, and the temperature control is controlled by the automatic temperature control system to control the blower; or the heated water is introduced into the filter box system. Heating (water heating is only carried out in extremely cold weather).

[0046] FIG. 3 shows a squatting farm. The farm uses ready-made or excavated depressions or pits 9, using gravel 8 or soil as the material supporting the water pressure, thereby forming the entire depression or pit itself into a culture pond 5 . When constructing, first arrange the depression or pit 9 and put the sediment 8 in the pit, then pour the plastic film into the water or sand and compact it, then inject fresh water or salt water into the pond (depending on the species to be farmed). Maintain pressure in the culture pond and maintain the shape of the culture pond. The culture tank is provided with a water flow device such as a water flow pump 14 or a water pump for making a water flow or changing the water, and the water flow may be counterclockwise or clockwise. The filter box module of this farm is identical to the floating aquaculture farm shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4.

[0047] In some embodiments, each culture pond of a squat or pontoon farm may be equipped with more than one biofilter tank in parallel. The water spray direction of each biological filter box 26 should be in the same direction as the water flow in the pool. The angle of each culture pond is curved 29 (as shown in Figure 6).

[0048] In other embodiments, a suction device such as a submersible pump 10 and a water flow device such as a water flow pump 14 (shown in Figure 6) are provided at a near center of the bottom of each culture pond.

[0049] FIG. 7 is a layout view of an aquaculture farm having a seedling storage area. The farm has a breeding area and a storage area, and the storage area has a plurality of storage ponds 16, and the fry transport tank 17 is connected to the breeding pond of the breeding area.

[0050] As a preferred solution, different spacing fences or shutters 33 (shown in FIG. 8) are provided along the trough in the fry transport trough 17. In this way, the fry transport tank 17 becomes a fry screening transport tank at the same time, and the size of the opening of the fence or the shutter can be adjusted to allow the fry of different sizes to pass, thereby classifying the fry by size; and at the time of harvesting, the fish stock can be transported. In the tank, the transport tank is disassembled and transported to the loading point for transport. To reduce the damage of the catch.

[0051] The Australian gemstone is cultured by the culture system provided by the invention, and the seedling, breeding density and annual output are

The data are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Australian gemstone breeding data sheet

[XXXX] [Table 0001]

[0052] Note: The culture density is calculated as the ratio of the finished fish production to the total weight of the water in the culture pond.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, aquatic plants can be planted in ponds or depressions to create a better environment for fish growth, whether it is a pontoon farm or a sloping farm. Specific plant species can vary depending on the species of fish.

[0054] In other preferred embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, at the water inlet of the culture tank (in this figure, that is, the water outlet of the biological filter box; in other embodiments, it may also be a culture tank). The external water supply inlet is provided with an ultraviolet sterilizer 30 and an online magnetizing device 31 (for example, a magnet is installed outside the water pipe), and the magnetic field is cut when the water flows through the water pipe to achieve a magnetization effect; or a water magnetizer is connected to the water pipe, It is used to disinfect and magnetize the water entering the breeding pond. The UV sterilizer 30 is a modular design that can be connected in series or in parallel. The UV tube can be placed in the center of the water pipe to disinfect the water and provide a healthy, growing water environment for the fish.

[0055] In other preferred embodiments, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, each set of culture ponds is comprised of more than one culture pond 35, 36, 37, 38. Each culture pond is small to large, connected from shallow to deep; each culture pond Separated by sluices 39, but they can be connected to each other. The shore of the pond can be reinforced with cement or brick walls. The capacity of the deeper part of the next larger pond must be equal to or greater than the total of the upper one. Capacity, when the sluice between the Unicom culture ponds is opened, the water and aquatic products in the smaller culture ponds can be smoothly emptied into the next larger culture pond.

The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments. It is not intended that the specific embodiments of the invention are limited to the description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

An integrated aquaculture system comprising at least one culture pond, a culture pond support body and at least one set of biological filter tanks; characterized in that the culture pond is a container placed in a pond or is laid and laid with a waterproof layer The biological filter box is placed on the bank or the bank of the depression, and the water from the culture tank is introduced into the tank from the bottom water inlet of the biological filter box, and is treated to flow back from the upper water outlet to the culture tank.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein the culture tank is a container placed in a pond, the culture tank support is a combined pontoon, and the container is erected on a floating bridge of the pontoon. In the pond.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 2, wherein the culture pond is provided with a drainage hole on the wall, the drainage hole is located slightly higher than the water level of the pond; the water pump and/or the diving is provided in the culture pond. Pump.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 3, wherein the water flow pump and/or the submersible pump inject water into the culture tank, wherein the water pressure in the pool is greater than the water pressure outside the culture pond to lower the culture pond; the water flow pump and/or the diving The pump pumps water outside the culture pond, and the water pressure in the pool is smaller than the water pressure outside the culture pond, so that the culture pond floats.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture pond is a depression that is excavated and laid with a waterproof layer, and the culture tank support is a flattened inner wall of the concrete.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said culture ponds are formed into a group of culture ponds, which are arranged from small to large, arranged from shallow to deep, and connected to each other; The set of culture ponds are separated from each other by a sluice; wherein, the capacity of the deepened part of the adjacent large culture pond is equal to or greater than the total capacity of the smaller culture pond, and the water and aquatic products in the smaller culture pond after the sluice is opened Can be completely emptied into a larger breeding pond.

The integrated aquaculture system of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of biological filter boxes dispersedly arranged on the banks of the pond or the crotch to form a peripheral support or fence of the entire culture system, and Top of the biological filter box Steel wire or erected supports are used as ceilings for farming systems.

The integrated aquaculture system of claim 1 further comprising a water tower and/or a temperature riser for communicating the water temperature of the culture pond in communication with the culture tank. The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein the lower half of the biological filter tank is provided with an aeration device capable of adjusting the amount of gas, and the bottom portion is provided with a sewage outlet. The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the biological filter box is provided with a sediment layer and a filter layer, the filter layer has at least one filter material; and enters from the lower half of the biological filter box. After the water has been precipitated and filtered, it flows out through the water outlet of the upper half of the biological filter box.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 1, wherein a water sterilizing device is further installed at the water outlet of the biological filter box.

The integrated aquaculture system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a storage tank, wherein the storage tank and the culture pond are connected by a transport tank.

The integrated aquaculture system according to claim 12, wherein the transport tank is further provided with a detachable fry screening grid.

The integrated aquaculture system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pond or the depression is also planted with aquatic plants or plants grown without soil cultivation.

The integrated aquaculture system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the fish culture density of the culture system is from 10% to 40% of the total weight of the water in the culture pond.