WO2015151866A1 - 蓄電池装置 - Google Patents
蓄電池装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015151866A1 WO2015151866A1 PCT/JP2015/058501 JP2015058501W WO2015151866A1 WO 2015151866 A1 WO2015151866 A1 WO 2015151866A1 JP 2015058501 W JP2015058501 W JP 2015058501W WO 2015151866 A1 WO2015151866 A1 WO 2015151866A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- storage battery
- unit
- cover
- stack
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/222—Inorganic material
- H01M50/224—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a storage battery device including a plurality of battery modules.
- the present invention relates to a storage battery device in which a battery stack in which battery modules are stacked is disposed in a housing, has a relatively simple configuration, and is excellent in cooling capacity of the battery module.
- the storage battery device includes a plurality of rechargeable battery modules, and discharges electricity charged in the battery modules as necessary.
- Examples of usage modes of such storage battery devices include, for example, discharging electricity charged in the middle of the night at low electricity charges in the daytime, or discharging electricity charged in the daytime by solar power generation in the nighttime, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the storage battery device may be used as an emergency power source during a power failure.
- such storage battery devices are often installed in factories, offices, commercial facilities, and the like. In recent years, such storage battery devices have been installed in ordinary houses and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a storage battery that is assembled by disposing a plurality of batteries in a bottomed housing whose upper surface is open and attaching a plate-like cover to the upper surface of the housing.
- a bottomed casing is formed by extrusion molding, casting, press molding, joining by welding, or assembly by a fastener.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which heat from each battery module is released to the side surface of the housing to release heat, regarding a storage battery device in which a plurality of battery modules stacked in the height direction are arranged in the housing. ing.
- the internal battery temperature may become high depending on the battery usage conditions, etc., which may shorten the battery life or cause variations in charge / discharge performance. Therefore, it is important that a heat dissipation structure is provided so that the battery does not become too hot.
- Cited Document 2 the heat from each battery module is released to the side surface of the housing, but each battery module and the side surface of the housing are connected by a spring member having a complicated shape (for example, a corrugated cross-section) to It is structured to escape to the body side.
- a spring member having a complicated shape (for example, a corrugated cross-section) to It is structured to escape to the body side.
- Such a configuration is considered excellent in terms of heat dissipation performance and maintenance of battery performance over a long period of time.
- the shape of the spring member that connects the battery module and the side surface of the housing is complicated, it may not be preferable in terms of assembly and manufacturing cost.
- the present invention provides a storage battery device having a structure in which a battery stack in which battery modules are stacked is disposed in a housing and having a relatively simple structure and excellent cooling capacity of the battery module. Objective.
- a storage battery device is as follows: A battery stack in which a plurality of battery modules are stacked, and a storage battery unit having a metal housing that houses the battery stack; A holding member for holding the storage battery unit, In a posture in which the storage battery unit is held by the holding member, (i) the battery modules are stacked in the lateral direction, and (ii) at least one side surface of the battery stack is formed of the metal housing.
- a storage battery device that is in thermal contact with a part directly or via a sheet-like heat transfer body.
- the thermal contact location is located on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the storage battery unit, the thermal contact location is provided on the side surface portion where air convection is likely to occur. Good heat dissipation effect can be obtained.
- the heat transfer member having a complicated shape is not interposed, the configuration can be simplified.
- the battery modules are stacked horizontally, there is no problem that a large difference in battery temperature occurs between the upper and lower sides as in the case of vertical stacking.
- the “battery cell” refers to an electrochemical cell that is a unit of a battery such as a film-clad battery.
- the “battery module” refers to a module that includes one or a plurality of battery cells and a case that accommodates the battery cells and outputs predetermined power.
- “Storage battery unit” means a unit having a plurality of battery modules as described above.
- “Storage battery device” refers to the entire device including at least one storage battery unit (battery unit) and its control circuit.
- Sheet-like heat transfer body is not only a member formed in a sheet shape in advance, but, for example, a fluid material is filled between the members and is shaped into a final sheet shape.
- the “sheet shape” includes not only a flat surface but also a surface having irregularities. “Sealed” —When the housing says that the battery module or the like is enclosed in a sealed manner, the term “sealed” means that the battery cell is sealed to such an extent that self-extinguishment can be achieved even if the battery cell ignites. It means being. Not only those that are completely airtight but also those that are substantially airtight.
- a battery stack in which battery modules are stacked is arranged in a housing, and a storage battery device having a relatively simple configuration and excellent battery module cooling capacity is provided. Can do.
- FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the storage battery unit of one form of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a storage battery apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the external appearance of a storage battery apparatus. It is a perspective view for demonstrating a battery module, a heat conductive board, etc.
- FIG. It is sectional drawing of a storage battery unit. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the sealing member arrange
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows an example of a frame. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment state of a storage battery unit. It is a disassembled perspective view of the other form of a storage battery unit. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the storage battery unit of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically an example of the storage battery unit in which the heat conductive sheet is not provided. It is a perspective view which shows typically an example of the battery cover which can be utilized in one form of this invention. It is a figure which shows various arrangement
- the storage battery device 1 of this embodiment is for stationary use including two storage battery units 10, a junction box 91, a PCS (Power Conditioner System) unit 92, and a frame 80 that holds them. It is a power supply device.
- the external appearance (housing 110) of the storage battery device 1 is as shown in FIG. 3 as an example. A detailed description of the configuration of the storage battery device 1 and its housing 110 will be given later.
- the storage battery unit 10 includes a battery stack 30 in which a plurality of battery modules 20 are stacked, and a sealed housing 50 that houses the battery stack 30.
- the hermetic housing 50 includes a pair of battery covers 51 and 56 disposed so as to face each other.
- the battery stack 30 has eight battery modules 20 electrically connected in series.
- the number of battery modules 20 is not limited to eight, and may be seven or less or nine or more.
- the battery module 20 may be formed thin as a whole as shown in FIG. 4 as an example.
- the battery module 20 has a thin rectangular parallelepiped storage case 21 in which one or a plurality of battery chemical cells (not shown) are stored.
- the outer surface of the storage case 21 (in other words, the outer surface of the battery module 20) is defined.
- reference numeral 22 is a main surface (only one is shown)
- reference numeral 23 is a short side surface
- reference numeral 24 is a long side surface.
- positive and negative terminals 25a and 25b are formed on the upper side surface 23, positive and negative terminals 25a and 25b are formed.
- the terminals 25a and 25b are structural portions protruding from the side surface 23.
- the material of the housing case 21 can be variously selected.
- the housing case 21 may be made of a resin case 27 with metal covers 28 and 28 attached to the surface thereof.
- the metal cover 28 may cover the main surface 22 entirely and further partially cover the side surfaces 23 and 24. By attaching such a cover 28 to each main surface 22, 22 of the storage case 21, almost the entire battery module 20 may be covered with the metal cover 28.
- a storage case made entirely of a resin material or a metal material may be used.
- the internal heat can be satisfactorily transmitted to the outside of the battery module. According to the above configuration, heat is transmitted via the metal cover 28. It becomes possible to transmit to the external heat radiating member satisfactorily.
- the corner portion of the housing case 21 (the connection portion between the side surface 23 and the side surface 24) is formed in an R shape. Further, insertion holes 22h that penetrate the case in the thickness direction are formed in the vicinity of the four corners of the housing case 21, and a plurality of fixing holes (not shown) are tightened into the insertion holes 22h to tighten a plurality of holes.
- the battery module 20 is fixed.
- angular part formed in the storage case 21 does not need to be formed. Also, regarding the insertion hole 22h, it is sufficient that one or two or more are formed at an arbitrary place.
- a film-clad battery configured as a lithium ion secondary battery
- a film-clad battery has a battery element in which positive and negative plates are alternately laminated via separators, and the battery element is enclosed in an exterior film such as a laminate film together with an electrolytic solution.
- the voltage of one battery chemical cell may be in the range of 3.0V to 5.0V or 3.0V to 4.0V.
- All of the plurality of battery modules in the housing case 21 may be connected in series, or may be a combination of series connection and parallel connection.
- the specific arrangement is not limited, for example, 2 to 4 battery chemical cells may be housed in the case in a state of being stacked in the thickness direction. More specifically, there may be a configuration in which power-of-two (for example, two, four) electrochemical cells are built in from the theoretical affinity with the charge / discharge protection device.
- a household storage battery since it is necessary to output a single-phase three-wire AC200V similar to the AC power supplied from an electric power company to a general household, a household storage battery includes a battery connected in series.
- a laminate-type lithium ion battery film-clad battery
- a configuration in which the number of series in the battery unit is 64 series, or a configuration in which the number of series in the battery unit is 32 series and two are connected in series may be employed.
- 16 or 8 modules may be connected in series in the battery unit.
- the battery stack 30 is a subassembly that is assembled in a state where a plurality of battery modules 20 are stacked.
- eight battery modules 20 are arranged (stacked) in the thickness direction.
- End plates 31 and 31 are disposed at both ends of the laminate.
- the partition plate 32 is arrange
- the end plate 31 and the partition plate 32 may be sheet metal members as an example, and have a role of pressing the battery module 20 and a role of fixing the battery module 20 to support members 45 and 46 described later. In order to play the latter role, the end plate 31 and the partition plate 32 have extending portions 31a and 32a in part thereof. On the distal end side of the extending portions 31a and 32a, a fixing portion in which a hole for passing a fixing screw is formed is formed, and this portion is fixed to a support member 46 described later.
- a fixing portion in which a hole for passing a fixing screw is formed at the end portion on the opposite side (the left side in FIG. 1) of the extending portions 31a and 32a. This portion is fixed to a support member 45 described later.
- the size of the end plate 31 and the partition plate 32 may be, for example, the same or substantially the same size as each battery module 20, or may be one size larger than that as shown in FIG. Good.
- the rods (four in one example) for fixing the entire battery module 20 include an end plate 31, four battery modules 20, a partition plate 32, the other four battery modules 20, The other end plates 31 may be configured to pass through in the order. Fixing is performed by tightening a nut to the tip of this rod.
- each battery module 20 in the battery stack 30 may be a series connection or a combination of a series connection and a parallel connection.
- the electrical connection can be made using a bus bar (not shown), a cable, or the like.
- the battery stack 30 may also have one or more temperature sensors (not shown) that measure the temperature of the battery module 20.
- the battery stack 30 includes a power connection portion 37 for taking out power and a signal connection portion 38 for taking out a detection signal from a temperature sensor or the like.
- a power connection portion 37 for taking out power for example, an opening may be formed in one battery cover 56, and a predetermined connector may be attached thereto.
- a connector having waterproof performance may be used as such a connector.
- the battery cover 51 and 56 constituting the sealed housing 50 will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the battery covers 51 and 56 may have slightly different details, but their overall shapes are the same or symmetrical.
- the battery cover 51 will be described below as an example.
- the battery cover 51 may be formed by pressing one plate material (for example, deep drawing press processing).
- the battery cover 51 has a shape like a bathtub as a whole, or in other words, a shape including a seamless cup portion having a predetermined depth.
- the battery cover 51 is depicted as being convex upward, but the battery cover 51 includes a cover surface 51a corresponding to the bottom surface of the cup portion, and four side surfaces 51b ⁇ extending from the peripheral edge of the cover surface 51a. 1 to 51b-4 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “side surface 51b”) and a flange portion 51f formed at the end of the side surface 51b.
- connection portion between the cover surface 51a and each side surface 51b and the connection portion between the adjacent side surfaces 51b are formed as gently curved R portions.
- the curvature radius of the curved portion may be 25 mm or more (for example, the material thickness is 1.5 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less), and more specifically, May be 30 mm or more.
- the material of the battery covers 51 and 56 may be, for example, a rolled steel plate or a stainless steel plate.
- the thickness of the material of the battery covers 51 and 56 may be within a range of, for example, 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm, depending on the final module size and the like.
- the cover surface 51a may be a flat surface that is not particularly processed, or may be processed to be uneven. Such a concavo-convex shape can be designed from various viewpoints, but may be formed with the intention of improving rigidity and heat dissipation, for example.
- the side surface 51b may be formed substantially perpendicular to the cover surface 51a, or may have a draft taper of about 1 ° to 3 °.
- the flange portion 51f is formed in a planar shape so as to extend within one virtual reference plane (not shown), and the overall contour shape is a rectangle.
- One sealed space is formed between the pair of covers 51 and 56 by abutting and fixing the flange portion 51f of one battery cover 51 and the flange portion 56f of the other battery cover 56.
- the flange portions 51f and 56f can be fixed by fixing screws, welding, rivets or the like. If necessary, a plurality of insertion holes (not shown) for passing fixing screws or the like may be formed in the flange portions 51f and 56f.
- the insertion hole may be formed by pressing, or may be formed by secondary processing using a drill or the like.
- grooves 51d and 56d having a predetermined depth are formed in the flange portions 51f and 56f of the battery covers 51 and 56 as shown in FIG. 6, and formed by these grooves 51d and 56d.
- the seal member Sa may be disposed in the space.
- the grooves 51d and 56d are preferably formed over the entire circumference of the flange portion.
- the contour shape (not shown) of the groove may be a quadrangle. In this example, there is only one groove, but two grooves on the inner side and the outer side may be formed.
- the dimensions of the grooves 51d and 56d can be variously changed.
- the depth of the flange portions 51f and 56f is 0.8 mm to 1.0 mm (the final thickness is 1.6 mm).
- the height of the space may be about 1.6 mm to 2.0 mm), and the groove width may be in the range of 6 mm to 12 mm.
- the grooves 51d and 56d of both flange portions 51f and 56f may have the same shape, but may have different depths and / or widths. Or it is good also as a structure which provides a groove
- the grooves are preferably formed by press working from the viewpoint of workability and manufacturing cost, but are not necessarily limited to this, and other processing methods may be used.
- the seal member Sa is a member having elasticity by way of example. Such a sealing member Sa is sandwiched so as to be compressed between the flange portions 51f and 56f, thereby ensuring airtightness. In the case of press working, it may be difficult to ensure the flatness of the flange portions 51f and 56f. However, by adopting a configuration in which an elastic seal member Sa is interposed as in the present embodiment, the flange portion 51f is temporarily provided. Even if the flatness of 56f is not sufficient, good airtightness can be secured and self-digestibility can be ensured.
- the seal member Sa may be formed in a shape corresponding to the grooves 51d and 56d in advance, but is not limited thereto.
- a foamable seal member that fills the spaces in the grooves 51d and 56d by disposing a seal member having a certain degree of fluidity in the groove and expanding and expanding the seal member may be used.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a sealing member having a thickness of about 4 mm during foaming is compressed and disposed in a space having a height of about 2 mm (that is, the compressibility of the foamable sealing member is about 50%).
- seal members such as seal rings and gaskets may be used.
- the seal member does not necessarily have to be disposed in the groove, and may be simply sandwiched between the flange portions 51f and 56f without the groove.
- the housing 50 may not have a sealing property.
- the support members 45 and 46 are members obtained by bending a single metal plate into a step shape.
- the support member 45 will be described by taking the support member 45 as an example.
- a fixed surface that extends along the side surface 56b-3 of the battery cover 56.
- 45a a mounting surface 45b that is bent from the lower end of the fixing surface 45a, a connection surface 45c that is bent from the end of the mounting surface 45b, and a bottom that is bent from the lower end of the connection surface 45c.
- a fixed surface 45d extending in the direction.
- the other support member 46 basically has a stepped shape similarly to this, but the number and positions of the openings 45h are different.
- the opening 45h is a portion through which the connection portions 37 and 38 of the battery stack 30 described above are passed.
- the support members 45 and 46 are an example and are fixed to the inner surface of the battery cover 56 by welding.
- the state after fixation is schematically shown in FIG.
- the battery stack 30 is fixed to the housing 50 by fixing a part of the battery stack 30 to the one support member 45 by the fixing screw B1 and fixing the other part to the other support member 46 by the fixing screw B2. Is done.
- the fixing position of the battery stack 30 (the positions of the mounting surfaces 45b and 46b in FIG. 5) is closer to the center line CL of the housing 50. Become. Thereby, the following effects can be obtained.
- the storage battery unit 10 is not only in the horizontal orientation as shown in FIG. 5 but also in the vertical orientation (a pair of battery covers 51 and 56 are arranged side by side, not up and down, as shown in FIG. ) May be attached.
- the fixing position of the battery stack 30 is located near the bottom surface of either one of the covers, the battery stack 30 is held in a cantilevered state when it is in a vertical orientation. .
- the holding stability may be affected.
- the fixing position of the battery stack 30 is closer to the center line CL, so that the bias of the center of gravity balance of the battery stack 30 is not significant, and stable holding is realized. Is done.
- the support member only needs to have a fixing portion attached to the battery cover and an attachment portion to which a part of the battery stack is attached.
- the mounting surfaces 45b and 46b are located near the middle of the bottom surface of the battery cover 56 and the center line CL.
- this position can also be changed as appropriate, and a position closer to the center line CL (center). It is also possible to include a position on the line CL) or a position further away from the center line CL.
- the support members do not necessarily have the same shape as each other.
- one side surface of the battery module 20 of the battery stack 30 is in thermal contact with the inner surface of one battery cover 51, and the other side surface is the other battery cover 56. It is in thermal contact with the inner surface.
- the battery module 20 and the battery covers 51 and 56 are in thermal contact with each other through the heat conductive sheets 61 and 62. One or both of the heat conductive sheets may be omitted.
- the heat conductive sheet 61 is disposed on the side surface 24 on the long side of the battery module 20.
- the heat conductive sheet 61 may be arranged as one member per one side surface 24 of one battery module 20, or may be arranged as two or three or more members.
- the material for the heat conductive sheet is not particularly limited as long as it can transfer the heat from the battery module 20 to other external members satisfactorily.
- the heat conductivity is 1.0. (W ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 ) or more degrees of things, or 10 (W ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1) may be of degree or more.
- the shape it may be a sheet material having a predetermined thickness having elasticity (for example, within a range of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm).
- One surface or both surfaces may be adhesive.
- the heat conductive sheet may be flame retardant.
- the heat conductive sheet may be in close contact with one or both of the battery module side surface and the housing inner surface.
- the heat conductive sheet may be provided in a compressed state.
- the thermal conductive sheet or sheets have a ratio of 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more to one side of the battery assembly. May be.
- the ratio of the heat conductive sheet (s) to one side surface of the battery module (a flat surface portion not including the R portion in the configuration in which the corner R portion is formed) is 50% or more, 60% or more, 70 % Or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, or 95% or more.
- the heat conductive sheet 61 may be directly attached to the battery module 20, but in this example, the heat conductive sheet 61 is attached to the heat conductive plate 70 as shown in FIG.
- the heat conductive plate 70 is a sheet metal member, and includes a contact surface 71 sandwiched between main surfaces 22 of adjacent battery modules 20 (only one battery module 20 is shown in FIG. 4) and one side of the contact surface 71.
- One or a plurality of protrusions 72 that are bent. In this example, the protrusions 72 are provided at two locations and are bent with respect to the contact surface 71.
- Insertion holes 71h are formed at the four corners of the flat part 71, and the heat conduction plate 70 is fixed between the battery modules 20 by tightening the insertion holes 71h through a fixing rod. ing.
- the contact surface 71 of the heat conducting plate 70 is in contact with the main surfaces of the two battery modules 20, and the protrusion 72 is in contact with the side surface of the battery module 20. Become. Then, the heat conductive sheet 61 is interposed between the outer surface of the protrusion 72 and the battery cover 51.
- the material of the heat conductive sheet 61 is not particularly limited as long as it can transfer heat from the battery module 20 to other external members.
- it may be a sheet material of a predetermined thickness formed of a material having thermal conductivity and having elasticity.
- the heat generated in the battery module 20 is transmitted to the battery cover 51 via the heat transfer plate 70 and the heat conductive sheet 61, and is radiated.
- a heat conductive sheet is also disposed in the vicinity of the other side surface of the battery module 20 (the side surface on the lower surface side in FIG. 1).
- FIG. 5 schematically shows such a heat conductive sheet 62.
- the heat conductive sheet 61 is individually arranged for each side surface of each battery module 20, but the heat conductive sheet 62 has a plurality of battery modules 20 (for example, four battery modules or all eight batteries). A common sheet may be used for the module. In this case, the heat conductive sheet may be in direct contact with the side surface of the battery module 20 without interposing the heat conductive plate 70 as shown in FIG. In another aspect, a separate sheet such as the heat conductive sheet 61 may be used as the heat conductive sheet 62.
- the battery covers 51 and 56 have seamless cup portions, and are manufactured by press working (for example, deep drawing press working), so that the following advantages are obtained. . That is, when configuring a sealed housing, for example, a sheet metal plate may be bent and wire-welded to form a box-type cover, but in this case, work is troublesome. On the other hand, according to the battery covers 51 and 56 as described above, since they can be formed by press working, they can be easily manufactured and are advantageous in terms of reduction in manufacturing costs.
- the battery covers 51 and 56 are not formed with a seam unlike the case of welding, the heat conduction / diffusion becomes more uniform, which is preferable from the viewpoint of heat dissipation.
- the fact that the corners of the battery covers 51 and 56 are R parts facilitates the convection of the air inside and outside the cover (in other words, inside and outside the housing) in addition to being easy to give the shape by pressing. As a result, there is an advantage that the heat dissipation effect is improved.
- the radius of curvature is, for example, 25 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more, the occurrence of turbulent flow at the corners can be effectively suppressed.
- the storage battery unit 10 is not limited to a specific orientation in use, and can be used in any orientation.
- the frame 80 is held in a vertically oriented posture (referring to a posture in which the pair of battery covers 51 and 56 are arranged in the horizontal direction instead of the vertical direction).
- the side surface of the battery module 20 is in thermal contact with the battery covers 51 and 56. That is, the thermal contact places between the battery module 20 and the battery covers 51 and 56 are located on both the left and right sides of the storage battery unit 10 in the use posture. According to such a configuration, although depending on the arrangement relationship of the devices and the like around the storage battery unit 10, air convection is more likely to occur than when the thermal contact points are located on the upper surface and / or the lower surface. A good heat dissipation effect.
- the above-described effects can be obtained in the same manner when the heat conductive sheets 61 and 62 are disposed only on one of the side surfaces instead of the both side surfaces of the battery module 20.
- the battery module 20 may be in thermal contact with the battery cover 51 or the battery cover 56 without using the heat conductive sheets 61 and 62.
- a person skilled in the art will recognize a specific sealed housing as long as the thermal contact position is provided at such a location of the storage battery unit. It will be understood that any shape may be used. That is, not only the battery cover formed by deep drawing as shown in FIG. 1, but also a battery cover formed by welding or the like can be used.
- a cover 51 ′ formed by bending a plate material and forming a wire welded portion 51 a ′ by welding as illustrated in FIG. 15 may be used.
- FIGS. 2 and 10 depict the structure of the frame 80 partially differently, this is not an essential difference in the present invention, and any structure may be used.
- Each member constituting the frame 80 may be made of metal.
- the frame 80 includes a base plate 88, columns 81L and 81R erected on both ends of the base plate 88, and horizontal frame members 82 and 83 bridged between the columns 81L and 81R. have.
- the frame 80 is configured to provide two upper and lower mounting spaces.
- Leg portions 89L and 89R are provided on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the base plate 88.
- Each leg portion 89L, 89R may be a sheet metal member bent into an L-shaped cross section.
- the leg portions 89L and 89R may be formed with one or a plurality of insertion holes through which a fixing screw is passed.
- a partition member 87 is disposed between the two support columns 81L and 81R in the vertical direction, thereby forming spaces A1 and A2 in which the storage battery units 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) are respectively disposed.
- the spaces A1 and A2 are arranged side by side in this example.
- the fixing of the storage battery unit 10 to the frame 80 is not particularly limited, but can be performed using, for example, a mechanical fixing tool such as a fixing bolt or a rivet.
- the flange portion 51f of the storage battery unit 10 may be fixed to a part of the frame 80 (for example, to one column 81L or 81R and the central partition member 87).
- the fixture is to fix the module 10 so as to be removable.
- an attachment member 95 having an attachment surface that is a predetermined distance away from the side surface of the partition member 87 or the like may be used. In this case, even when the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 51f of the battery cover 51 is not a straight shape but is a curved portion 51e as shown in FIG. 80 can be attached.
- the attachment member 95 used for fixing one storage battery unit 10 is not limited, but may be plural (four in one example).
- the module 10 is moved with respect to the frame 80 without using a tool, and when the module 10 is moved to a predetermined position, the fixing device is completed (for example, a nap fit method). Or the like).
- FIG. 11 is a transverse cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the storage battery unit 10 is attached to the frame 80.
- the storage battery unit 10 is configured as a sealed housing 50 having a substantially symmetrical shape with the center line CL interposed therebetween as shown in FIG. Therefore, in a state where the flange portion 51f and the like of the storage battery unit 10 are attached to the frame 80, as shown in FIG. 11, the deviation between the attachment reference plane RS and the center of gravity of the storage battery unit 10 (refers to the vertical direction in FIG. 11). And the storage battery unit 10 can be held with a good balance of the center of gravity.
- both the flange portion of one storage battery unit 10 and the flange portion of the other storage battery unit 10 are fixed to the central partition member 87.
- one partition member 87 functions as a holding member common to the two modules, it is advantageous in terms of simplifying the structure and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- bracket members 84L and 84R are bridged in the vertical direction between the upper and lower horizontal frame members 82 and 83.
- Each bracket member 84L, 84R is formed in a substantially U-shape as a whole, and a junction box 91 is attached thereto.
- holding plates 85-1 and 85-2 are fixed to the horizontal frame members 82 and 83, respectively. More specifically, as an example, the horizontal plane 85a of the upper holding plate 85-1 extends forward, so that the horizontal plane 85a extends in the opposite direction to each other.
- the lower holding plate 85-2 is attached so that the horizontal surface 85a extends to the back side.
- a PCS unit 92 is attached between the upper and lower holding plates 85-1, 85-2.
- the storage battery units 10 are arranged in the horizontal direction in the lower stage of the frame, and the junction box 91 and the PCS unit 92 are arranged in the horizontal direction in the upper stage of the frame.
- each module 10 can be directly accessed, which is convenient.
- the storage battery unit of this invention may be what is illustrated to FIG. 12, FIG.
- the storage battery unit 110 includes a base plate 158 on which the battery stack 30 is disposed, and a battery cover 151 shaped to cover the entire battery stack 158.
- the battery stack 30 is schematically illustrated, but may be substantially the same as that shown in FIG.
- the positions of the end plates 31 and the extending portions 31a and 32a (parts to which the fixing screws are attached) of the partition plate 32 are changed to the lower side. 158 may be configured to be fixed.
- the battery cover 151 is formed by pressing a single plate material, and includes a cover surface 151a, four side surfaces extending downward from the peripheral edge of the cover surface 151a, and an end of the side surface 151b. And a flange portion 151f formed in the portion.
- the battery cover 151 may have an aspect ratio (dw: dh) in the range of, for example, about 1: 0.3 to 1: 4.
- the aspect ratio (dw: dh) may be about 2: 3. .
- the flange 151f of the battery cover 151 and the base plate 158 can be fixed by, for example, fixing screws, rivets, welding, or the like.
- a seal member 158 may be disposed between the flange portion 151 f and the base plate 158.
- Various members can be used as the seal member 158.
- the seal member 158 may be a gasket that corresponds to the shape of the flange portion 151f and surrounds the battery stack 30 as an example.
- the base plate 158 is an example and may be a metal plate.
- the material of the base plate 158 and the battery cover may be the same or different.
- the outline shape of the base plate 158 is not particularly limited, but may be a rectangular shape that is the same shape as the flange portion 151f, or may be a size that is slightly larger than the flange portion 151f.
- a part of the battery stack 30 and a part of the metal cover 151 etc. are in thermal contact to form a heat dissipation structure.
- one surface (upper surface in the drawing) of the battery stack 30 is in thermal contact with the inside of the upper surface of the battery cover 151 via the heat conductive sheet 61, and the other surface (lower surface in the drawing) of the battery stack 30. Is in thermal contact with the base plate 158 via the heat conductive sheet 62.
- the heat conductive sheets 61 and 62 may have any shape, in this example, the heat conductive sheet 61 is disposed on one side surface (upper surface in the drawing) of each battery module 20 as shown in FIG. Each is arranged.
- the heat conductive plate 70 as shown in FIG. 4 may be disposed between the battery modules 20.
- the heat conductive sheet 62 may be configured similarly to the heat conductive sheet 61 on the upper surface side, or may be one or more larger heat conductive sheets common to the plurality of battery modules 20.
- the heat conductive sheet is not an essential component, but as illustrated in FIG. 14, the side surface of the battery stack 30 / the side surface of the battery module 20 is covered without the heat conductive sheet interposed. It may be in thermal contact with the inner surface.
- a heat conductive sheet does not need to be provided, or only one part It is good. When only a part is used, it is also desirable to provide it at a location where heat generation is significant.
- the battery stack or the battery module and the metal cover may be in physical contact or separated as long as they are in thermal contact. May be. Even if it is such a structure, the heat dissipation effect by the metal cover being formed by one member can be acquired.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B Arrangement of storage battery unit and PCS unit
- various storage battery units and PCS units can be arranged as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 16A (c) two storage battery units 10 are arranged in two upper and lower stages, and a junction box 91 and a PCS unit 92 are arranged on the sides thereof.
- the junction box 91 is disposed on the upper storage battery unit 10 of the two, and the PCS unit 92 is disposed on the side of the unit 10.
- FIG. 16B (e) to (h) one large unit 10 ′ corresponding to two storage battery units 10 is used.
- the junction box 91 and the PCS unit 92 are arranged side by side above the storage battery unit 10 ′.
- FIG. 16B (f) the PCS unit 92 and the junction box 91 are arranged in the vertical direction above the storage battery unit 10 '.
- FIG. 16B (g) the junction box 91 and the PCS unit 92 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the side of the storage battery unit 10 ′.
- FIG. 16B (h) the junction box 91 and the PCS unit 92 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction on the side of the storage battery unit 10 ′.
- the cup portion has a substantially rectangular bottom shape, but the bottom shape may be a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, or a combination of two or more thereof. It may be.
- the bottom surface of the concave portion of the battery cover is exemplified as a flat surface or an uneven shape or the like attached thereto. However, for example, the battery cover may have two or more surfaces having different heights.
- a storage battery device (1) that is in thermal contact with a part directly or via a heat transfer body (sheet heat transfer body in one example).
- the thermal contact location is located on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the storage battery unit.
- the thermal contact location is provided on the side surface portion where air convection is likely to occur. Good heat dissipation effect can be obtained.
- the battery stack and the housing are in thermal contact without interposing a complicated heat transfer member, the configuration can be simplified.
- the battery modules are arranged horizontally (because they are not stacked vertically), there are the following advantages. That is, in the case of vertical stacking, the upper battery module becomes hotter due to the influence of the heat generation of the lower battery module, and a large temperature difference occurs between the upper and lower battery temperatures. There is no problem.
- the storage battery device wherein the metal housing contains the battery stack in a sealed manner. According to such a configuration, even if the battery is ignited, self-digestion is performed.
- the battery module has a flat, substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape having two main surfaces (22) and side surfaces (23, 24) connecting them, and at least one of the side surfaces of the battery module is attached to the metal housing.
- the side surface is made of a metal having higher thermal conductivity than that of resin or the like, and heat can be released from the metal portion, so that heat dissipation is improved.
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Abstract
Description
複数の電池モジュールが積層された電池積層体、および、それを収容する金属製ハウジングを有する蓄電池ユニットと、
前記蓄電池ユニットを保持する保持部材と、を備え、
前記保持部材に前記蓄電池ユニットが保持された姿勢で、(i)前記電池モジュールが横方向に積層された状態となり、かつ、(ii)前記電池積層体の少なくとも1つの側面が前記金属製ハウジングの一部に、直接的にまたはシート状の伝熱体を介して、熱的に接している、蓄電池装置。
「電池セル」とは、本明細書では、例えばフィルム外装電池のような電池の1つの単位となる電気化学セルのことをいう。
「電池モジュール」とは、1つまたは複数の電池セルと、それを収容するケースとを備え、所定の電力を出力するモジュールことをいう。
「蓄電池ユニット」とは、上記のような電池モジュールを複数有するものをいう。
「蓄電池装置」は、少なくとも1つの蓄電池ユニット(電池部)と、その制御回路等を備えた装置全体のことをいう。
「シート状の伝熱体」とは、予めシート状に形成された部材だけでなく、例えば部材どうしの間に流動性のある材料が充填され、それが定形化することで最終的にシート状となったようなものも含む。「シート状」とは、その表面が平坦なものに限らず、凹凸を有するものをも含む。
「密閉」-ハウジングが電池モジュール等を密閉式に収容すると言った場合の「密閉式に」とは、仮に、電池セルが発火した場合であっても自己消火が実現される程度に密閉されていることをいう。完全に気密されているものに限らず、実質的に気密されているものをも含む。
蓄電池ユニット10は、図1に示すように、複数の電池モジュール20が積層された電池積層体30と、それを収容する密閉ハウジング50とを備える。密閉ハウジング50は、この例では、互いに向かい合うように配置された一対の電池カバー51、56で構成されている。
電池積層体30は、複数の電池モジュール20が積層された状態で組み立てられたサブアセンブリである。この例では、8つの電池モジュール20がその厚み方向に並べられている(積層されている)。積層体の両端部にはエンドプレート31、31が配置されている。そして、中間部分に、仕切りプレート32が配置されている。これらのプレートは場合によっては省略してもよい。
続いて、密閉ハウジング50を構成する電池カバー51、56について詳しく説明する。図1、図5に示すように、電池カバー51、56は、細部の形状が多少異なっていてもよいが、その全体的な形状が同一または対称に形成されている。一方の電池カバー51を例として以下説明すると、電池カバー51は、一枚の板材をプレス加工(一例として深絞りプレス加工)で形成したものであってもよい。電池カバー51は、全体としてバスタブのような形状、別の言い方をすれば、所定深さの継ぎ目の無いカップ部を備えた形状となっている。
図1および図5を参照し、密閉ハウジング50内の電池積層体30の固定について説明する。本実施形態では、図1のような支持部材45、46を介して電池積層体30の密閉ハウジング50に対する固定が行われる。
次いで、蓄電池ユニット10の放熱構造について説明する。図1、図5に示すように、本実施形態では、電池積層体30の電池モジュール20の一側面が一方の電池カバー51の内面に熱的に接するとともに、他の側面が他方の電池カバー56の内面に熱的に接している。具体的には、熱伝導シート61、62を介して、電池モジュール20と電池カバー51、56とが熱的に接している。なお、熱伝導シートの一方または両方が省略されてもよい。
蓄電池ユニット10は、使用時の姿勢が特定の向きに限定されるものではなく、どのような向きでも使用可能である。本発明の一形態では図2に示すように、縦向きの姿勢(一対の電池カバー51、56が鉛直方向ではなく水平方向に並ぶような姿勢を言う)でフレーム80に保持される。
続いて、蓄電池ユニット10やジャンクションボックス91等が取り付けられるフレーム80(図2、図10参照)について説明する。なお、図2と図10とでフレーム80の構成が一部異なって描かれているが、本発明において本質的な相違ではなく、いずれの構成としてもよい。フレーム80を構成する各部材は、いずれも金属製であってもよい。
以上、本発明の一形態について説明したが、本発明の蓄電池ユニットは図12、図13に例示するようなものであってもよい。
上記のとおり本発明の一形態においては熱伝導シートは必須の構成要素でないが、図14に例示するような、電池積層体30の側面/電池モジュール20の側面が熱伝導シートを介することなくカバー内面に熱的に接するものとしてもよい。上記実施形態では、熱伝導シートを用いた形態として放熱性能がより良くなる形態としたが、放熱性能として要求を満たすのであれば、熱伝導シートは設けなくてもよいし、または、一部のみとしてもよい。一部のみとする場合、発熱が顕著な箇所に設けることも望ましい。また、熱伝導シートが設けられていない場合において、電池積層体または電池モジュールと、金属カバーとは、熱的に接触するものである限り、物理的に接触していてもよいし、離間していてもよい。このような構成であっても、金属カバーが一部材で形成されていることによる放熱効果を得ることができる。
本発明のある一側面における蓄電池装置においては、図16A、図16Bに示すような、様々な、蓄電池ユニットおよびPCSユニット等の配置とすることができる。
(a)電池カバー51、56等に関し、上記では、カップ部の底面形状が略四角形のものを例示したが、底面形状は、円形、楕円形、多角形、またはそれらのうち2つ以上の組合せであってもよい。
(b)上記では、電池カバーの凹部底面が平坦面あるいはそれに凹凸形状等が付されたものについて例示したが、例えば、高さの異なる2以上の面を有するものとしてもよい。
(c)電池積層体30に関し、8個の電池モジュール20が1つの仕切りプレート32で4つずつ仕切られたものを例示したが、例えば、12個の電池モジュール20が2つの仕切りプレートを用いて4つずつ仕切られた構成などとしてもよい。
本出願は以下の発明を開示する:
1.複数の電池モジュール(20)が積層された電池積層体(30)、および、それを収容する金属製ハウジング(50)を有する電池モジュール(10)と、
上記電池モジュール(10)を保持する保持部材(80)と、を備え、
上記保持部材に上記蓄電池ユニットが保持された姿勢で、上記電池モジュール(20)が横方向に積層された状態となり、かつ、上記電池積層体(30)の少なくとも1つの側面が上記金属製ハウジングの一部に、直接的にまたは伝熱体(一例でシート状伝熱体)を介して、熱的に接している、蓄電池装置(1)。
10、110 蓄電池ユニット
20 電池モジュール
21 収納ケース
22 主面
23、24 側面
25a、25b 端子
27 樹脂ケース
28 カバー
30 電池積層体
31 エンドプレート
32 仕切りプレート
37、38
45、46 支持部材
50 密閉ハウジング
51、56 電池カバー
51a カバー面
51b 側面
51f フランジ部
61、62 熱伝導シート
70 熱伝導板
71 接触面
72 突出部
80 フレーム
81L、81R 支柱
82、83 横フレーム部材
87 仕切部材
88 ベースプレート
89L、89R 脚部
91 ジャンクションボックス
92 PCSユニット
110 筐体
111 筐体本体
112 上カバー
113 下カバー
158 ベースプレート
Sa シール部材
Claims (5)
- 複数の電池モジュールが積層された電池積層体、および、それを収容する金属製ハウジングを有する蓄電池ユニットと、
前記蓄電池ユニットを保持する保持部材と、を備え、
前記保持部材に前記蓄電池ユニットが保持された姿勢で、(i)前記電池モジュールが横方向に積層された状態となり、かつ、(ii)前記電池積層体の少なくとも1つの側面が前記金属製ハウジングの一部に、直接的にまたはシート状の伝熱体を介して、熱的に接している、蓄電池装置。 - 前記金属製ハウジングが、前記電池積層体を密閉式に収容している、請求項1に記載の蓄電池装置。
- 前記電池モジュールは、2つの主面とそれらを接続する側面とを有する扁平な略直方体の外形であり、
前記電池モジュールの側面が、前記金属製ハウジングに熱的に接している、請求項1または2に記載の蓄電池装置。 - 前記電池モジュールの側面の少なくとも一部が金属で構成され、この金属部分が前記金属性ハウジングに熱的に接している、請求項3に記載の蓄電池装置。
- 前記電池積層体の両側面が、それぞれ、前記金属製ハウジングの一部に熱的に接している、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電池装置。
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US15/301,185 US20170018747A1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-03-20 | Storage battery apparatus |
CN201580018296.2A CN106165146A (zh) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-03-20 | 蓄电池装置 |
JP2016511539A JP6103135B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-03-20 | 蓄電池装置 |
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- 2015-03-20 US US15/301,185 patent/US20170018747A1/en not_active Abandoned
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DE102016120826A1 (de) | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-03 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Batteriegehäuse |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6103135B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
US20170018747A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
JPWO2015151866A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
CN106165146A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
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